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Kim S, Lee E, Park J, Nam JO, Kim SR. Evaluating the Nutritional Composition of Unripe Citrus and Its Effect on Inhibiting Adipogenesis and Adipocyte Differentiation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1206-1213. [PMID: 38693048 PMCID: PMC11239423 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2403.03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Citrus fruits offer a range of health benefits due to their rich nutritional profile, including vitamin C, flavonoids, carotenoids, and fiber. It is known that unripe citrus has higher levels of vitamin C, dietary fiber, polyphenols, and flavonoids compared to mature fruits. In this study, we assessed the nutritional components of unripe citrus peel and pressed juices, as well as their anti-obesity potential through the modulation of adipocyte differentiation and the expression of adipogenesis-related genes, specifically PPARγ and C/EBPα, in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Our analysis revealed that unripe citrus peel exhibited elevated levels of fiber and protein compared to pressed juice, with markedly low levels of free sugar, particularly sucrose. The content of hesperidin, a representative flavonoid in citrus fruits, was 3,157.6 mg/kg in unripe citrus peel and 455.5 mg/kg in pressed juice, indicating that it was approximately seven times higher in unripe citrus peel compared to pressed juice. Moreover, we observed that the peel had a dose-dependently inhibitory effect on adipocyte differentiation, which was linked to a significant downregulation of adipogenesis-related gene expression. Thus, our findings suggest that unripe citrus possesses anti-obesity effects by impeding adipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation, with the peel demonstrating a more pronounced effect compared to pressed juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Kim
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbi Lee
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Park
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Rin Kim
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Feng H, Liu G, Li L, Ren X, Jiang Y, Hou W, Liu R, Liu K, Liu H, Huang H. Quantitative Proteomics Reveal the Role of Matrine in Regulating Lipid Metabolism. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24308-24320. [PMID: 38882153 PMCID: PMC11170650 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a prevalent systemic metabolic disorder characterized by disrupted lipid metabolism. Statin drugs have long been the primary choice for managing lipid levels, but intolerance issues have prompted the search for alternative treatments. Matrine, a compound derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Kushen, exhibits anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering properties. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which matrine modulates lipid metabolism remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying matrine's regulation of lipid metabolism. Employing quantitative proteomics, we discovered that matrine increases the expression of LDL receptor (LDLR) in HepG2 and A549 cells, with subsequent experiments validating its role in enhancing LDL uptake. Notably, in hyperlipidemic hamsters, matrine effectively lowered lipid levels without affecting body weight, which highlights LDLR as a critical target for matrine's impact on HLP. Moreover, matrine's potential inhibitory effects on tumor cell LDL uptake hint at broader applications in cancer research. Additionally, thermal proteome profiling analysis identified lipid metabolism-related proteins that may interact with matrine. Together, our study reveals matrine's capacity to upregulate LDLR expression and highlights its potential in treating HLP. These findings offer insights into matrine's mechanism of action and open new avenues for drug research and lipid metabolism regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixu Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Luhan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuelian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Wanting Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruilong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - He Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
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Ali D, Okla M, Abuelreich S, Vishnubalaji R, Ditzel N, Hamam R, Kowal JM, Sayed A, Aldahmash A, Alajez NM, Kassem M. Apigenin and Rutaecarpine reduce the burden of cellular senescence in bone marrow stromal stem cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1360054. [PMID: 38638133 PMCID: PMC11024792 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1360054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a systemic age-related disease characterized by reduced bone mass and microstructure deterioration, leading to increased risk of bone fragility fractures. Osteoporosis is a worldwide major health care problem and there is a need for preventive approaches. Methods and results Apigenin and Rutaecarpine are plant-derived antioxidants identified through functional screen of a natural product library (143 compounds) as enhancers of osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal stem cells (hBMSCs). Global gene expression profiling and Western blot analysis revealed activation of several intra-cellular signaling pathways including focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and TGFβ. Pharmacological inhibition of FAK using PF-573228 (5 μM) and TGFβ using SB505124 (1μM), diminished Apigenin- and Rutaecarpine-induced osteoblast differentiation. In vitro treatment with Apigenin and Rutaecarpine, of primary hBMSCs obtained from elderly female patients enhanced osteoblast differentiation compared with primary hBMSCs obtained from young female donors. Ex-vivo treatment with Apigenin and Rutaecarpine of organotypic embryonic chick-femur culture significantly increased bone volume and cortical thickness compared to control as estimated by μCT-scanning. Discussion Our data revealed that Apigenin and Rutaecarpine enhance osteoblastic differentiation, bone formation, and reduce the age-related effects of hBMSCs. Therefore, Apigenin and Rutaecarpine cellular treatment represent a potential strategy for maintaining hBMSCs health during aging and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ali
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Meshail Okla
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Abuelreich
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicholas Ditzel
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rimi Hamam
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Justyna M. Kowal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ahmed Sayed
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Abdullah Aldahmash
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Vision College, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehad M. Alajez
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Park YJ, Kim HY, Gil TY, Kim HJ, Jin JS, Cha YY, An HJ. Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson ameliorates white adipogenesis by upregulating AMPK and SIRT1 in vitro and in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27600. [PMID: 38515723 PMCID: PMC10955265 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Although there is an established link between Magnolia Cortex (MO) and lipid metabolism in previous research, its exploration within the context of obesity has been limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the therapeutic effects of MO on obesity and its mechanism of action in vitro and in vivo. Our chromatography analysis revealed that Honokiol and Magnolol are contained in MO extract. In vitro experiments showed that lipid droplets, adipogenic, and lipogenic genes were notably diminished by increasing sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) protein expression in MO-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In vivo experiments exhibited that MO administration significantly recovered the adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation genes by increasing the SIRT1 and AMPK expression in white adipose tissue. Furthermore, hepatic steatosis by HFD feeding was ameliorated in MO-administered obese mice. We conclude that MO could be important manager for treating obesity through AMPK and SIRT1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Jin Park
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sik Jin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yeop Cha
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Qu C, Tan X, Hu Q, Tang J, Wang Y, He C, He Z, Li B, Fu X, Du Q. A systematic review of astragaloside IV effects on animal models of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26863. [PMID: 38439832 PMCID: PMC10909731 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the fastest-growing diseases worldwide; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Complications seriously affect the quality of life of patients in the later stages of diabetes, ultimately leading to suffering. Natural small molecules are an important source of antidiabetic agents. Objective Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is an active ingredient of Astragalus mongholicus (Fisch.) Bunge. We reviewed the efficacy and mechanism of action of AS-IV in animal and cellular models of diabetes and the mechanism of action of AS-IV on diabetic complications in animal and cellular models. We also summarized the safety of AS-IV and provided ideas and rationales for its future clinical application. Methods Articles on the intervention in DM and its complications using AS-IV, such as those published in SCIENCE, PubMed, Springer, ACS, SCOPUS, and CNKI from the establishment of the database to February 2022, were reviewed. The following points were systematically summarized: dose/concentration, route of administration, potential mechanisms, and efficacy of AS-IV in animal models of DM and its complications. Results AS-IV has shown therapeutic effects in animal models of DM, such as alleviating gestational diabetes, delaying diabetic nephropathy, preventing myocardial cell apoptosis, and inhibiting vascular endothelial dysfunction; however, the potential effects of AS-IV on DM should be investigated. Conclusion AS-IV is a potential drug for the treatment of diabetes and its complications, including diabetic vascular disease, cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and nephropathy. In addition, preclinical toxicity studies indicate that it appears to be safe, but the safe human dose limit is yet to be determined, and formal assessments of adverse drug reactions among humans need to be further investigated. However, additional formulations or structural modifications are required to improve the pharmacokinetic parameters and facilitate the clinical use of AS-IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Qu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Nanjiang County Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Bazhong, 635600, China
| | - Xiyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jiao Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Caiying He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - ZiJia He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Quanyu Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610072, China
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Schiano E, Iannuzzo F, Stornaiuolo M, Guerra F, Tenore GC, Novellino E. Gengricin ®: A Nutraceutical Formulation for Appetite Control and Therapeutic Weight Management in Adults Who Are Overweight/Obese. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2596. [PMID: 38473841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of nutritional science and metabolic disorders, there is a growing interest in natural bitter compounds capable of interacting with bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) useful for obesity management and satiety control. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutraceutical formulation containing a combination of molecules appropriately designed to simultaneously target and stimulate these receptors. Specifically, the effect on CCK release exerted by a multi-component nutraceutical formulation (Cinchona bark, Chicory, and Gentian roots in a 1:1:1 ratio, named Gengricin®) was investigated in a CaCo-2 cell line, in comparison with Cinchona alone. In addition, these nutraceutical formulations were tested through a 3-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in subjects who were overweight-obese following a hypocaloric diet. Interestingly, the Gengricin® group exhibited a significant greater weight loss and improvement in body composition than the Placebo and Cinchona groups, indicating its effectiveness in promoting weight regulation. Additionally, the Gengricin® group reported higher satiety levels and a significant increase in serum CCK levels, suggesting a physiological basis for the observed effects on appetite control. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of natural nutraceutical strategies based on the combination of bitter compounds in modulating gut hormone release for effective appetite control and weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Schiano
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy
| | - Fortuna Iannuzzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Guerra
- NGN Healthcare-New Generation Nutraceuticals s.r.l., Torrette Via Nazionale 207, 83013 Mercogliano, Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
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7
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Gasmi A, Asghar F, Zafar S, Oliinyk P, Khavrona O, Lysiuk R, Peana M, Piscopo S, Antonyak H, Pen JJ, Lozynska I, Noor S, Lenchyk L, Muhammad A, Vladimirova I, Dub N, Antoniv O, Tsal O, Upyr T, Bjørklund G. Berberine: Pharmacological Features in Health, Disease and Aging. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1214-1234. [PMID: 36748808 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230207112539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is the main active compound of different herbs and is defined as an isoquinoline quaternary botanical alkaloid found in barks and roots of numerous plants. It exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects. Berberine has antibacterial activity against a variety of microbiota, including many bacterial species, protozoa, plasmodia, fungi, and trypanosomes. OBJECTIVE This review describes the role of berberine and its metabolic effects. It also discusses how it plays a role in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, weight loss, how it modulates the gut microbiota, and what are its antimicrobial properties along with its potential side effects with maximal tolerable dosage. METHODS Representative studies were considered and analyzed from different scientific databases, including PubMed and Web of Science, for the years 1982-2022. RESULTS Literature analysis shows that berberine affects many biochemical and pharmacological pathways that theoretically yield a positive effect on health and disease. Berberine exhibits neuroprotective properties in various neurodegenerative and neuropsychological ailments. Despite its low bioavailability after oral administration, berberine is a promising tool for several disorders. A possible hypothesis would be the modulation of the gut microbiome. While the evidence concerning the aging process in humans is more limited, preliminary studies have shown positive effects in several models. CONCLUSION Berberine could serve as a potential candidate for the treatment of several diseases. Previous literature has provided a basis for scientists to establish clinical trials in humans. However, for obesity, the evidence appears to be sufficient for hands-on use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Farah Asghar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics (MMG), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Zafar
- Department of Research, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Petro Oliinyk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Khavrona
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salva Piscopo
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Halyna Antonyak
- Department of Ecology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iryna Lozynska
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Sadaf Noor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Akram Muhammad
- Department of Research, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Inna Vladimirova
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Dub
- Andrei Krupynskyi Lviv Medical Academy, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olha Antoniv
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Tsal
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Upyr
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
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Zhang RH, Cao SS, Shi Y, Wang X, Shi LL, Zhang YH, Han CJ, Wang B, Feng L, Liu JP. Astragaloside IV-mediated inhibition of oxidative stress by upregulation of ghrelin in type 2 diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2637-2650. [PMID: 37097336 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
This study is to observe the upregulation effect of astragaloside IV on ghrelin in diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) rats and to investigate the pathway in prevention and treatment by reducing oxidative stress. The DCI model was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in conjunction with a high-fat and high-sugar diet and divided into three groups: model, low-dose (40 mg/kg), and high-dose (80 mg/kg) astragaloside IV. After 30 days of gavage, the learning and memory abilities of rats, as well as their body weight and blood glucose levels, were tested using the Morris water maze and then detection of insulin resistance, SOD activity, and serum MDA levels. The whole brain of rats was sampled for hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining to observe pathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 region. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ghrelin expression in the hippocampal CA1 region. A Western blot was used to determine changes in GHS-R1α/AMPK/PGC-1α/UCP2. RT-qPCR was used to determine the levels of ghrelin mRNA. Astragaloside IV reduced nerve damage, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, decreased MDA levels, and improved insulin resistance. Ghrelin levels and expression increased in serum and hippocampal tissues, and ghrelin mRNA levels increased in rat stomach tissues. According to Western blot, it increased the expression of the ghrelin receptor GHS-R1α and upregulated the mitochondrial function associated-protein AMPK-PGC-1α-UCP2. Astragaloside IV increases ghrelin expression in the brain to reduce oxidative stress and delay diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. It may be related to the promotion of ghrelin mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei-Lei Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Han Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Jun Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji-Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Mechanism and Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Lee HS, Choi CI. Black Goji Berry ( Lycium ruthenicum Murray): A Review of Its Pharmacological Activity. Nutrients 2023; 15:4181. [PMID: 37836464 PMCID: PMC10574788 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycium ruthenicum Murray (LRM; commonly known as black goji berry or black wolfberry), a plant in the Solanaceae family, grows in the deserts of China's Qinghai-Tibet plateau. LRM is widely consumed in traditional Chinese medicine, and its fruits are frequently used as herbal remedies to treat heart disease, fatigue, inflammation, and other conditions. Many studies have reported that LRM is rich in functional phytochemicals, such as anthocyanins and polysaccharides, and has various pharmacological actions. This article reviews research on the biological and pharmacological effects of the constituents of LRM fruits. LRM has various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-radiation, immune-enhancing, anti-tumor, and protective effects. LRM has much promise as a dietary supplement for preventing many types of chronic metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chang-Ik Choi
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
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10
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De Gaetano F, Margani F, Barbera V, D’Angelo V, Germanò MP, Pistarà V, Ventura CA. Characterization and In Vivo Antiangiogenic Activity Evaluation of Morin-Based Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2209. [PMID: 37765179 PMCID: PMC10536596 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Morin (MRN) is a natural compound with antiangiogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activity. However, it shows a very low water solubility (28 μg/mL) that reduces its oral absorption, making bioavailability low and unpredictable. To improve MRN solubility and positively affect its biological activity, particularly its antiangiogenic activity, in this work, we prepared the inclusion complexes of MNR with sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). The inclusion complexes obtained by the freeze-drying method were extensively characterized in solution (phase-solubility studies, UV-Vis titration, and NMR spectroscopy) and in the solid state (TGA, DSC, and WAXD analysis). The complexation significantly increased the water solubility by about 100 times for MRN/HP-β-CD and 115 times for MRN/SBE-β-CD. Furthermore, quantitative dissolution of the complexes was observed within 60 min, whilst 1% of the free drug dissolved in the same experimental time. 1H NMR and UV-Vis titration studies demonstrated both CDs well include the benzoyl moiety of the drug. Additionally, SBE-β-CD could interact with the cinnamoyl moiety of MRN too. The complexes are stable in solution, showing a high value of association constant, that is, 3380 M-1 for MRN/HP-β-CD and 2870 M-1 for MRN/SBE-β-CD. In vivo biological studies on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and zebrafish embryo models demonstrated the high biocompatibility of the inclusion complexes and the effective increase in antiangiogenic activity of complexed MRN with respect to the free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Gaetano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.D.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Fatima Margani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (V.B.)
| | - Vincenzina Barbera
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (V.B.)
| | - Valeria D’Angelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.D.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Maria Paola Germanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.D.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Venerando Pistarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Anna Ventura
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.D.); (M.P.G.)
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11
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Dai Z, Zhang Y, Meng Y, Li S, Suonan Z, Sun Y, Ji J, Shen Q, Zheng H, Xue Y. Targeted delivery of nutraceuticals derived from food for the treatment of obesity and its related complications. Food Chem 2023; 418:135980. [PMID: 36989644 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals which are abundant in foods have attracted much attention due to their bioactive activities of anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-atherosclerosis. Unfortunately, the poor bioavailability severely undermines their envisioned benefits. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop suitable delivery systems to promote the benefits of their biological activity. Targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) is a novel drug delivery system that can selectively concentrate drugs on targets in the body, improve the bioavailability of agents and reduce side effects. This emerging drug delivery system provides a new strategy for the treatment of obesity with nutraceuticals and would be a promising alternative to be widely used in the food field. This review summarizes the recent studies on the application in the targeted delivery of nutraceuticals for treating obesity and its related complications, especially the available receptors and their corresponding ligands for TDDS and the evaluation methods of the targeting ability.
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12
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Li Y, Sun M, Su S, Qi X, Liu S, Pan T, Zhou L, Li Y. Tuberostemonine alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis by increasing energy consumption. Chem Biol Interact 2023:110545. [PMID: 37236577 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is of public concern worldwide, and it increases the probability of developing a number of comorbid diseases, including NAFLD. Recent research on obesity drugs and health demands have shown the potential of natural plant extracts for preventing and treating obesity and their lack of toxicity and treatment-related side effects. We have demonstrated that tuberostemonine (TS), an alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Stemona tuberosa Lour can inhibit intracellular fat deposition, reduce oxidative stress, increase cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and increase mitochondrial membrane potential. It effectively reduced weight gain and fat accumulation caused by a high-fat diet, and regulated liver function and blood lipid levels. Moreover, it regulate glucose metabolism and improved energy metabolism in mice. TS also decreased high-fat diet-induced obesity and improved lipid and glucose metabolism disorders in mice, with no significant side effects. In conclusion, TS was shown to be a safe alternative for obese patients and might be developed as an antiobesity and anti-nonalcoholic fatty liver drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Mingjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Songtao Su
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Xinyi Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Siqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Tingli Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
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13
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Liu Z, Xia C, Wang N, Cao J, Huang G, Ma L. Synthesis and Evaluation of Piperazine-Tethered Derivatives of Alepterolic Acid as Anticancer Agents. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300208. [PMID: 36960853 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Alepterolic acid is a natural diterpenoid isolated from Aleuritopteris argentea with potential anti-cancer activity. In this study, alepterolic acid was modified to construct a series of arylformyl piperazinyl derivatives (3a-3p). The synthesized derivatives were fully characterized with HRMS, NMR, and IR. Four compounds with inhibition rate higher than 30 % at 10 μM (3f, 3n, 3g and 3k) were further measured to obtain the IC50 values against four cancer cell lines, including hepatoma cell lines HepG2, lung cancer cell lines A549, estrogen receptor-positive cell lines MCF7, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines MDA-MB-231 by MTT assay. It was found that these compounds were more effective to HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cells, while less toxic to A549 and MCF7 cells, and compound 3n as the most toxic derivatve against MDA-MB-231 cell lines, with IC50 value of 5.55±0.56 μM. Trypan blue staining and colony formation assay showed that compound 3n inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells and prevented colony formation. Hoechst staining, flow cytometry and western blot analysis revealed that compound 3n induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusively, compound 3n was demonstrated to be a potential anti-cancer lead compound for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, P. R. China
| | - Chenlu Xia
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, P. R. China
| | - Nina Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 201418, P. R. China
| | - Guozheng Huang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, P. R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, P. R. China
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14
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Chen G, Mao Y, Wang J, Zhou J, Diao L, Wang S, Zhao W, Zhu X, Yu X, Zhao F, Liu X, Liu M. Phillyrin ameliorated collagen-induced arthritis through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPKs pathways in fibroblast-like synoviocytes. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
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15
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Lee HS, Heo CU, Song YH, Lee K, Choi CI. Naringin promotes fat browning mediated by UCP1 activation via the AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:192-205. [PMID: 36840853 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Induction of the brown adipocyte-like phenotype in white adipocytes (fat browning) is considered a promising therapeutic strategy to treat obesity. Naringin, a citrus flavonoid, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. We examined the application of naringin as an anti-obesity compound based on an investigation of its induction of fat browning in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Naringin did not induce lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, naringin reduced the expression levels of proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) involved in adipogenesis during lipid metabolism and increased the levels of PPARα and adiponectin involved in fatty acid oxidation. The expression levels of fat browning markers uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1; involved in thermogenesis) and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16) increased. In addition, naringin treatment resulted in the activation of PPARγ coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), a factor related to UCP1 transcription and mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, the expression of beige adipocyte-specific genes such as Cd137, Cited1, Tbx1, and Tmem26 was also induced. The small multi-lipid droplets characteristic of beige adipocytes indicated that naringin treatment increased the levels of all lipolysis markers (hormone-sensitive lipase [HSL], adipose triglyceride lipase [ATGL], perilipin [PLIN], and protein kinase A [PKA]). Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and UCP1 levels increased by treatment with naringin alone; this was possibly mediated by the stimulation of the AMPK signaling pathway. According to mechanistic studies, naringin activated the thermogenic protein UCP1 via the AMPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, naringin induces fat browning and is a promising therapeutic agent for metabolic disorders based on the regulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Seon Lee
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, 10326, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Uk Heo
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, 10326, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Song
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, 10326, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, 10326, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ik Choi
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, 10326, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Kshatriya D, Hao L, Bello NT. Metabolic gene signature in white adipose tissue of oral doses raspberry ketone [4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone] that prevent diet-induced weight gain and induce loss of righting reflex. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 171:113540. [PMID: 36460224 PMCID: PMC9793719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Raspberry ketone (RK; [4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone]) is a synthetic flavoring agent and dietary supplement for weight control. This study investigated the metabolic signature of oral doses of RK that prevent weight gain or promote loss of righting reflex (LORR) in C57Bl/6J mice. Daily RK 200 mg/kg prevented high-fat diet (HFD; 45% Kcal fat) fed weight gain (∼8% reduction) over 35 days. RNA-seq of inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT) performed in males revealed 12 differentially expressed genes. Apelin (Apln) and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member (Kcnc3) expression were elevated with HFD and normalized with RK dosing, which was confirmed by qPCR. Acute RK 640 mg/kg produced a LORR with a <5 min onset with a >30 min duration. Acute RK 200 mg/kg increased gene expression of Apln, Kcnc3, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), but reduced acetyl-COA carboxylase (Acc1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (Nqo1) in inguinal WAT. Acute RK 640 mg/kg elevated interleukin 6 (Il 6) and heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1) expression, but reduced Nrf2 in inguinal and epididymal WAT. Our findings suggest that RK has a dose-dependent metabolic signature in WAT associated with either weight control or LORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant Kshatriya
- Department of Animal Sciences, Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Lihong Hao
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Sciences, Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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17
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Bertoncini-Silva C, Zingg JM, Fassini PG, Suen VMM. Bioactive dietary components-Anti-obesity effects related to energy metabolism and inflammation. Biofactors 2022; 49:297-321. [PMID: 36468445 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is the result of the long-term energy imbalance between the excess calories consumed and the few calories expended. Reducing the intake of energy dense foods (fats, sugars), and strategies such as fasting and caloric restriction can promote body weight loss. Not only energy in terms of calories, but also the specific composition of the diet can affect the way the food is absorbed and how its energy is stored, used or dissipated. Recent research has shown that bioactive components of food, such as polyphenols and vitamins, can influence obesity and its pathologic complications such as insulin resistance, inflammation and metabolic syndrome. Individual micronutrients can influence lipid turnover but for long-term effects on weight stability, dietary patterns containing several micronutrients may be required. At the molecular level, these molecules modulate signaling and the expression of genes that are involved in the regulation of energy intake, lipid metabolism, adipogenesis into white, beige and brown adipose tissue, thermogenesis, lipotoxicity, adipo/cytokine synthesis, and inflammation. Higher concentrations of these molecules can be reached in the intestine, where they can modulate the composition and action of the microbiome. In this review, the molecular mechanisms by which bioactive compounds and vitamins modulate energy metabolism, inflammation and obesity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bertoncini-Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nutrology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean-Marc Zingg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Priscila Giacomo Fassini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nutrology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian Marques Miguel Suen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nutrology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Piperine attenuates hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obesity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Nutr Res 2022; 108:9-21. [PMID: 36375392 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Substantial evidence suggests that pepper consumption is associated with a reduced risk of obesity-related complications. However, whether piperine, the main component of pepper, improves obesity-induced hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance and the action mechanism of piperine still remain unclear. We hypothesized that piperine attenuates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and improves the related metabolic complications in HFD-induced obese rats. Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were fed a control diet (CON) or an HFD for 16 weeks. Obese rats were divided into 4 groups: HFD and HFD with daily gavage of piperine 2.7 mg/kg body weight (PIP-Low), 13.5 mg/kg body weight (PIP-Medium), and 27 mg/kg body weight (PIP-High) for another 8 weeks. Rats were euthanized after an 8-hour fast, and the liver, heart, kidney, and white adipose tissue were collected and stored at -80 °C. Piperine administration significantly reduced weight gain, plasma insulin, and glucose concentration. For oral piperine at a dose of 27 mg/kg body weight, body weight significantly decreased by 5.7% compared with that in the HFD group. Additionally, oral piperine administration considerably reduced serum triglyceride concentration. Furthermore, piperine administration reversed the HFD-induced downregulation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling molecules and increased the plasma levels of adiponectin and the messenger RNA expression of the adiponectin receptor; additionally, it increased the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B. Overall, oral piperine administration reversed HFD-induced liver lipid accumulation and insulin resistance, possibly via the inactivation of adiponectin-AMPK and PI3K-Akt signaling. These findings imply that piperine could serve as an effective agent for healthy weight loss.
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19
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Wu D, Wang J, Chang Y, Zhang S, Liang J, Zhao J, Yang P, Mao Q, Xia H. Rutaecarpin reduces lipids by DGKθ-dependent activation of PPARα. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:2424-2439. [PMID: 36415997 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lipid metabolic disorders pose a serious threat to human health, and currently no good treatments exist. In earlier studies by the authors, HepG2 cells with diacylglycerol kinase theta (DGKθ) knockout were found to cause significant lipid accumulation, suggesting that DGKθ may be a potential target for treating lipid metabolic disorders. METHODS A high-throughput screening of natural products targeting the potential signaling pathway of lipid metabolism was carried out in the DGKθ-T2A-luciferase knock-in HepG2 cell. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic approaches were used to analyze the potential pathway by which rutaecarpin decreases lipids. Western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to investigate the mechanisms of rutaecarpin's reduction in lipid levels. RESULTS Rutaecarpin was found to significantly enhance DGKθ expression, and the potential mechanisms by which rutaecarpin accelerates lipid metabolism by targeting DGKθ was explored in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that rutaecarpin could markedly reduce lipid accumulation in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells and in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice by targeting the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (HNF1B)-DGKθ-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)-apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) pathway. CONCLUSION Rutaecarpin is effective in reducing lipid accumulation, and the development of a high-throughput screening platform based on a reporter knock-in cell line may facilitate the discovery of effective drugs for lipid metabolic disorders based on the DGKθ target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiheng Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongxing Chang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinfeng Liang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junli Zhao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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20
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Identification of possible bioactive compounds and a comparative study on in vitro biological properties of whole hemp seed and stem. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Ijarotimi OS. Nutritional quality, functional property and acceptability of maize (Zea mays) based complementary foods enriched with defatted groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) and ginger (Zinger officinale Roscoe) powder in Wistar rats. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTraditional complementary foods in Africa are cereal-based, low in nutrient-density; hence, causing severe-acute-malnutrition. This study was aimed to formulate and evaluate nutritional quality of complementary foods (CF) using locally available food materials. Yellow maize (raw, germinated & fermented), defatted groundnut (DGF) and ginger flour (GGF) were blended to obtain RDG (76.7% raw yellow maize, 20.8% DGF and 2.5% GGF), GDG (74.4% germinated yellow maize, 23.1% DGF, 2.5% GGF), and FDG (72.6% fermented yellow maize, 24.9% DGF, 2.5% GGF). Food samples were evaluated for nutritional qualities and sensory attributes using standard methods. Protein (g/100 g), energy value (kCal/100 g), total amino acids and essential amino acids (g/100 g protein) of formulated CF ranged from 19.38 to 28.58, 373.49 to 394.53, 87.33 to 91.89 and 36.17 to 37.63, respectively, and were comparable to control (17.07, 401.22, 94.47 & 35.35). Minerals were present in appreciable amount in the foods, while phytate/mineral (Ca, Fe, Zn) and oxalate/calcium molar ratios were lower than critical levels. Bulk density (1.4 - 1.6 g/mL), least gelation (4 - 6%), water absorption capacity (10.5 - 15.8%) and swelling capacity (0.5 - 1.2%) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in formulated CF than in control, except for bulk density. Biological value (78.44%) of FDG was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than GDG (78.4%) and RDG (75.87%), respectively, but lower than control (93.48%). Pack cell volume (22.50%), haemoglobin concentration (7.5 g/dL), red blood cell (3 × 103 mm− 3), albumin (3.72 g/dL), total blood protein (5.62 g/dL) and globulin (1.9 g/dL) of rats fed on FDG were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than other diets, but comparable to that of control. Kidney (urea, 10.16 mg/dL; creatinine, 4.8 mg/dL) and liver function index (AST/ALT ratio, 0.38) of rats fed on FDG were lower than in those rats fed on RDG, GDG and control. For sensorial attributes, RDG was ranked best next by FDG in appearance, aroma, texture, taste and overall acceptability, but were significantly (p < 0.05) rated lower than control. Finally, the study established that FDG (72.6% fermented yellow maize, 24.9% defatted groundnut and 2.5% ginger) was the best in nutritional quality and growth performance in rats; hence, this CF may be suitable to mitigate expensive commercial infant formula in alleviating severe-acute-malnutrition in children.
Graphical abstract
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He H, Deng J, Yang M, An L, Ye X, Li X. Jatrorrhizine from Rhizoma Coptidis exerts an anti-obesity effect in db/db mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115529. [PMID: 35835345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Obesity is closely related to diabetes. Jatrorrhizine (JAT) from Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) can reduce blood glucose and lipid levels. However, the molecular mechanisms for JAT's anti-obesity effect are still not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the effect of JAT in the treatment of obesity and the underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS db/db mice were used as a typical obese animal model in current study. The anti-obesity effects of five alkaloids from RC were compared by feeding the mice for 8 weeks with a dosage of 105 mg/kg while the dose-dependent study (35 mg/kg and 105 mg/kg) of JAT on obese mice was conducted in another 8-week-long animal experiment. Meanwhile, RNA-seq analysis, in vitro experiments, and western blotting were utilized to predict and confirm the potential pathway that JAT participated in improving obesity. RESULTS The experimental results demonstrated that five RC alkaloids caused different degrees of weight loss in db/db obese mice. Among them, JAT showed the best effect. It could significantly reduce the body weight, blood lipid levels, and epididymal fat weight of db/db mice. H&E and Oil red O staining results showed that it could also dramatically improve liver lipid metabolism. The results from RNA-seq suggested that JAT had significantly altered 207 DEGs for the treatment of obesity, among which IRS1 changed the most. Next, GO and KEGG analysis enriched four major lipid metabolism-related pathways: biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, metabolic pathways, and fatty acid elongation. Finally, in vitro experiments and western blotting proved that JAT regulated the expression of IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins in a dose-dependent manner to address obesity. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, JAT from RC has an effect on treating obesity, and its anti-obesity effect may be exerted via the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Jianling Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Maochun Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Linjing An
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xuegang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
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Wang K, Ma J, Li Y, Han Q, Yin Z, Zhou M, Luo M, Chen J, Xia S. Effects of essential oil extracted from Artemisia argyi leaf on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1024722. [PMID: 36407543 PMCID: PMC9670120 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1024722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia argyi leaf is a well-known species in traditional Chinese medicine, and its essential oil (AAEO) has been identified to exert various physiological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AAEO on lipid metabolism and the potential microbial role in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. A total of 50 male mice were assigned to five groups for feeding with a control diet (Con), a high-fat diet (HFD), and the HFD plus the low (LEO), medium (MEO), and high (HEO) doses of AAEO. The results demonstrated that dietary HFD markedly increased the body weight gain compared with the control mice (p < 0.05), while mice in the HEO group showed a lower body weight compared to the HFD group (p < 0.05). The weight of fatty tissues and serum lipid indexes (TBA, HDL, and LDL levels) were increased in response to dietary HFD, while there was no significant difference in AAEO-treated mice (p < 0.05). The jejunal villus height was dramatically decreased in HFD-fed mice compared with the control mice, while HEO resulted in a dramatically higher villus height than that in the HFD group (p < 0.05). Microbial α-diversity was not changed in this study, but β-diversity indicated that microbial compositions differed in control, HFD, and EO subjects. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bacteroides was greater (p < 0.05) in the feces of the Con group when compared to the HFD and EO groups. On the contrary, the abundance of Muribaculum was lower in the Con group compared to the HFD and EO groups (p < 0.05). Although the Muribaculum in the EO group was lower than that in the HFD group, there was no statistically notable difference between the HFD and EO groups (p > 0.05). Simultaneously, the relative abundance of Alistipes (p < 0.05) and Rikenella (p < 0.05) was also dramatically higher in the Con group than in the HFD and EO groups. The abundance of norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014 was lower in the HFD or EO group than in the Con group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results suggested that HEO could affect body weight and lipid metabolism without gut microbes in ICR mice, and it was beneficial for the structure of the jejunal epithelial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Han
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhangzheng Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minyi Luo
- Agricultural Service Center, Xiaolan Town, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siting Xia
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Khalil HE, Abdelwahab MF, Ibrahim HIM, AlYahya KA, Altaweel AA, Alasoom AJ, Burshed HA, Alshawush MM, Waz S. Cichoriin, a Biocoumarin, Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Associated Adverse Dysfunctions on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1731. [PMID: 36362887 PMCID: PMC9694194 DOI: 10.3390/life12111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunctions linked to obesity carry the risk of co-morbidities such as diabetes, hepatorenal, and cardiovascular diseases. Coumarins are believed to display several biological effects on diverse adverse health conditions. This study was conducted to uncover the impact of cichoriin on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Methods: Obesity was induced in twenty rats by exposure to an HFD for six weeks. The rats were randomly divided into five groups; group I comprised five healthy rats and was considered the control one. On the other hand, the HFD-induced rats were divided into the following (five per each group): group II (the HFD group), groups III (cichoriin 50 mg/kg) and IV (cichoriin 100 mg/kg) as the treatment groups, and group V received atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) (as a standard). Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), urea, creatinine, the hepatic and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were assessed. Histopathological analysis of the heart, kidney, and liver tissues was investigated. mRNA and protein expressions of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) were estimated. Results: The administration of cichoriin alleviated HFD-induced metabolic dysfunctions and improved the histopathological characteristics of the heart, kidney, and liver. Additionally, the treatment improved the lipid profile and hepatic and renal functions, as well as the oxidative balance state. Cichoriin demonstrated an upregulation of the mRNA and protein expressions of PPAR-γ. Taken together, these findings are the first report on the beneficial role of cichoriin in alleviating adverse metabolic effects in HFD-induced obesity and adapting it into an innovative obesity management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Ezzat Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Miada F. Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Pondicherry Centre for Biological Science and Educational Trust, Puducherry 605004, India
| | - Khalid A. AlYahya
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 36363, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Jalal Alasoom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein Ali Burshed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Mohamed Alshawush
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Waz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Wen ZG, Zhang QQ, Zhang LL, Shen MF, Huang YS, Zhao LH. Efficacy and safety of traditional chinese medicine treatment for overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:964495. [PMID: 36278196 PMCID: PMC9581128 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.964495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, causing a global health issue. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in treating overweight/obesity has been widely implemented in clinical practice, but its overall efficacy and safety remain unclear. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TCM based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and Clinical Trails from their inception to March 2021. Two reviewers screened studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias independently. The data were pooled for meta-analysis or presented narratively.Results: Twenty-five RCTs involving 1,947 participants were included. Compared with placebo or blank control, TCM preparations reduced Body Mass Index (BMI) [MD = −1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.44, −0.89; I2 = 34%], reduced weight (MD = −2.53; 95% CI = −3.08, −1.99; I2 = 34%), reduced waist circumference (MD = −2.64; 95% CI = −3.42, −1.87; I2 = 0%), reduced hip circumference (MD = −3.48; 95% CI = −4.13, −2.83; I2 = 0%), reduced total cholesterol (TCHO) (MD = −10.45; 95% CI = −18.92, −1.98; I2 = 63%), reduced triglycerides (TG) (MD = −4.19; 95% CI = −6.35, −2.03; I2 = 25%), increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (MD = −3.60; 95% CI = −6.73, −0.47; I2 = 81%), reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) (MD = −0.77; 95% CI = −1.24, −0.29; I2 = 91%). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)、body fat rate、low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were not statistically significant. For people with hypertension, decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD = −5.27; 95% CI = −8.35, −2.19; I2 = 58%), decreased diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD = −4.30; 95% CI = −5.90, −2.69; I2 = 0%). For people with normal blood pressure, there was no significant change. There was no significant difference in liver function.Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that TCM preparations have good clinical efficacy and safety for overweight/obesity. TCM may be suitable for overweight/obesity in adult populations for its efficacy and safety of long-term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ge Wen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qi Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Fei Shen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Shan Huang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Shan Huang, ; Lin Hua Zhao,
| | - Lin Hua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Shan Huang, ; Lin Hua Zhao,
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Souza FRM, Silva GMM, Cadavid COM, Lisboa LDS, Silva MMCL, Paiva WS, Ferreira MJP, de Paula Oliveira R, Rocha HAO. Antioxidant Baccharis trimera Leaf Extract Suppresses Lipid Accumulation in C. elegans Dependent on Transcription Factor NHR-49. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101913. [PMID: 36290635 PMCID: PMC9598929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health problem that is associated with oxidative stress. One of the strategies for the treatment of obesity is the use of drugs; however, these are expensive and have numerous side effects. Therefore, the search for new alternatives is necessary. Baccharis trimera is used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of obesity. Here, B. trimera leaf extract (BT) showed antioxidant activity in seven in vitro tests, and it was not toxic to 3T3 murine fibroblasts or Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, BT reduces the intracellular amount of reactive oxygen species and increases C. elegans survival. Moreover, these effects were not dependent on transcription factors. The inhibition of fat accumulation by BT in the C. elegans model was also investigated. BT reduced lipid accumulation in animals fed diets without or with high amount of glucose. Furthermore, it was observed using RNA interference (iRNA) that BT depends on the transcription factor NHR-49 to exert its effect. Phytochemical analysis of BT revealed rutin, hyperoside, and 5-caffeoylquinic acid as the main BT components. Thus, these data demonstrate that BT has antioxidant and anti-obesity effects. However, further studies should be conducted to understand the mechanisms involved in its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Roberta Monteiro Souza
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Melo Martins Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica (LGB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Cesar Orlando Muñoz Cadavid
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica (LGB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Lucas dos Santos Lisboa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Maylla Maria Correia Leite Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Weslley Souza Paiva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Pena Ferreira
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Riva de Paula Oliveira
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica (LGB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-84-99999-9561
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Zhou C, Lu M, Cheng J, Rohani ER, Hamezah HS, Han R, Tong X. Review on the Pharmacological Properties of Phillyrin. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123670. [PMID: 35744798 PMCID: PMC9231344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phillyrin is an effective lignan glycoside extracted from a traditional Chinese medicine Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl (Oleaceae). It mainly exists in the roots, stems, leaves and fruits of the plant, with the highest content in the leaves. In terms of its medicinal application, there are a large number of experimental data proving its pharmacological effects in vitro and in animal models, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-tumor, etc. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic experiments have also shown phillyrin's high effectiveness and low toxicity. Despite more than one thousand studies in the literature on phillyrin retrievable from Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI, few reviews on its pharmacological activities have been presented conclusively. In this paper, we aimed to summarize the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of phillyrin from the current literature, focusing on its anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, antiviral, antibacterial, hepatoprotective and anti-cancer effects, hoping to come up with new insights for its application as well as future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (C.Z.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Mengya Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (C.Z.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Jialei Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (C.Z.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Emelda Rosseleena Rohani
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (E.R.R.); (H.S.H.)
| | - Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (E.R.R.); (H.S.H.)
| | - Rongchun Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (C.Z.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Xiaohui Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-551-6812-9171; Fax: +86-551-6812-9028
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Zhang S, Kong L, Jia Z, Shao S, Pan L, Wang W, Sun Y. Anti-obesity effects of corn peptide on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C57BL/6J obese mice. Arch Anim Nutr 2022; 76:205-220. [PMID: 36645054 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2022.2162800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Corn peptide (CP) is a small, natural, biologically active peptide obtained by protease-catalysed hydrolysis of corn. CP exerts antihypertensive, hypoglycaemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and antitumor effects, as well as prevents cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although CP plays a role in preventing obesity-related diseases, its role in reducing obesity has not yet been determined. In this study, we analysed the inhibitory effects of CP on lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6J Obese Mice. The results show that CP could inhibit preadipocyte differentiation and oil accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Oral CP administration reduced serum triglyceride (TG) content, epididymal fat weight, abnormal liver fat droplet accumulation, and C/EBPα expression. Furthermore, combination of CP administration and exercise reduced body, liver, and adipose tissue weights; decreased serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels; and inhibited hepatic lipid droplet accumulations and epididymal fat cell hypertrophy. Additionally, this combination inhibited the expression of transcription factors, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and PPARγ, and adipogenic factors, FABP4 in mice. In conclusion, oral administration of CP inhibited lipid droplet accumulation and counteracted HFD-induced obesity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Lingzhe Kong
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | | | - Shuli Shao
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Lin Pan
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yingning Sun
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
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Su W, Wu L, Liang Q, Lin X, Xu X, Yu S, Lin Y, Zhou J, Fu Y, Gao X, Zhang B, Li L, Li D, Yin Y, Song G. Extraction Optimization, Structural Characterization, and Anti-Hepatoma Activity of Acidic Polysaccharides From Scutellaria barbata D. Don. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:827782. [PMID: 35444545 PMCID: PMC9014130 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.827782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese medicinal herb Scutellaria barbata D. Don has antitumour effects and is used to treat liver cancer in the clinic. S. barbata polysaccharide (SBP), one of the main active components extracted from S. barbata D. Don, exhibits antitumour activity. However, there is still a lack of research on the extraction optimization, structural characterization, and anti-hepatoma activity of acidic polysaccharides from S. barbata D. Don. In this study, the optimal extraction conditions for SBP were determined by response surface methodology (RSM): the material-liquid ratio was 1:25, the extraction time was 2 h, and the extraction temperature was 90°C. Under these conditions, the average extraction efficiency was 3.85 ± 0.13%. Two water-soluble polysaccharides were isolated from S. barbata D. Don, namely, SBP-1A and SBP-2A, these homogeneous acidic polysaccharide components with average molecular weights of 1.15 × 105 Da and 1.4 × 105 Da, respectively, were obtained at high purity. The results showed that the monosaccharide constituents of the two components were fucose, galactosamine hydrochloride, rhamnose, arabinose, glucosamine hydrochloride, galactose, glucose, xylose, and mannose; the molar ratio of these constituents in SBP-1A was 0.6:0.3:0.6:30.6:3.3:38.4:16.1:8:1.4, and that in SBP-2A was 0.6:0.5:0.8:36.3:4.4:42.7:9.2:3.6:0.7. In addition, SBP-1A and SBP-2A contained uronic acid and β-glucan, and the residue on the polysaccharide was mainly pyranose. The in vitro results showed that the anti-hepatoma activity of SBP-2A was better than that of SBP-1A and SBP. In addition, SBP-2A significantly enhanced HepG2 cell death, as cell viability was decreased, and SBP-2A induced HepG2 cell apoptosis and blocked the G1 phase. This phenomenon was coupled with the upregulated expression of P53 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as the downregulated expression of the cell cycle-regulating protein cyclinD1, CDK4, and Bcl-2 in this study. Further analysis showed that 50 mg/kg SBP-2A inhibited the tumour growth in H22 tumour-bearing mice, with an average inhibition rate of 40.33%. Taken together, SBP-2A, isolated and purified from S. barbata showed good antitumour activity in vivo and in vitro, and SBP-2A may be a candidate drug for further evaluation in cancer prevention. This study provides insight for further research on the molecular mechanism of the anti-hepatoma activity of S. barbata polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Leilei Wu
- Collage of Pharmacology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Qichao Liang
- Collage of Pharmacology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyue Lin
- The First Clinical College of Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- The First Clinical College of Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shikai Yu
- Collage of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yitong Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Collage of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Mudanjiang Cancer Hospital, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Li Li
- Collage of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yongkui Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Gaochen Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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Chen R, Lai X, Xiang L, Li Q, Sun L, Lai Z, Li Z, Zhang W, Wen S, Cao J, Sun S. Aged green tea reduces high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation and inflammation via activating the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:7923. [PMID: 35382381 PMCID: PMC8941417 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.7923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a global public health concern and increases the risk of metabolic syndrome and other diseases. The anti-obesity effects of various plant-derived bioactive compounds, such as tea extracts, are well-established. The mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity activity of Jinxuan green tea (JXGT) from different storage years are still unclear. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of JXGTs from three different years on the high fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse model. Design The mice were divided into six groups, the control group received normal diet and the obese model group received HFD. We analyzed the effects of JXGTs from 2005, 2008, and 2016 on HFD-fed obese mice over a period of 7 weeks. Results The JXGTs reduced the body weight of the obese mice, and also alleviated fat accumulation and hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, JXGTs increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) ratio, up-regulated carnitine acyl transferase 1A (CPT-1A), and down-regulated fatty acid synthase (FAS), Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3β), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1alpha (PGC-1α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Thus, JXGTs can alleviate HFD-induced obesity by inhibiting lipid biosynthesis and inflammation, thereby promoting fatty acid oxidation via the AMPK pathway. Discussion The anti-obesity effect of three aged JXGTs were similar. However, JXGT2016 exhibited a more potent activation of AMPK, and JXGT2005 and JXGT2008 exhibited a more potent inhibiting glycogen synthase and inflammation effect. Furthermore, the polyphenol (–)-epicatechin (EC) showed the strongest positive correlation with the anti-obesity effect of JXGT. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that JXGT treatment has a potential protection on HFD-induced obesity mice via activating the AMPK/CPT-1A and down-regulating FAS/GSK-3β/PGC-1α and IL-6/TNFα. Our study results also revealed that different storage time would not affect the anti-obesity and anti-inflammation effect of JXGT. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohong Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Lai
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Xiang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhua Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingli Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Lai
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxi Cao
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shili Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Anti-obesity natural products and gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110819. [PMID: 34980371 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The link between gut microbiota and obesity or other metabolic syndromes is growing increasingly clear. Natural products are appreciated for their beneficial health effects in humans. Increasing investigations demonstrated that the anti-obesity bioactivities of many natural products are gut microbiota dependent. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on anti-obesity natural products acting through gut microbiota according to their chemical structures and signaling metabolites. Manipulation of the gut microbiota by natural products may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity.
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Ruan L, Jiang L, Zhao W, Meng H, Zheng Q, Wang J. Hepatotoxicity or hepatoprotection of emodin? Two sides of the same coin by 1H-NMR metabolomics profiling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 431:115734. [PMID: 34606778 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Emodin is the major anthraquinone component of many important traditional Chinese herbs, such as Rheum palmatum L. and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. They have been popular health products but recently aroused concerns about their hepatotoxicity, which are believed to be arising from the contained anthraquinones, such as emodin. However, emodin exerts potent hepatoprotective ability, such as anti-fibrotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, 1H NMR based metabolomics approach, complemented with histopathological observation, biochemical measurements, western blotting analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), was applied to interpret the paradox of emodin (30 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg BW) using both healthy mice (male, ICR) and chronic CCl4-injured mice (0.1 mL/kg, 0.35% CCl4, 3 times a week for a month). Emodin exerted a weight loss property associated with its lipid-lowing effects, which helped alleviate CCl4-induced steatosis. Emodin effectively ameliorated CCl4-induced oxidative stress and energy metabolism dysfunction in mice liver via regulating glucose, lipid and amino acid metabolism, and inhibited excessive inflammatory response. In healthy mice, emodin only exhibited hepatoxicity on high-dosage by disturbing hepatic anti-oxidant homeostasis, especially GSH and xanthine metabolism. This integrated metabolomics approach identified the bidirectional potential of emodin, which are important for its rational use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Ruan
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
| | - Wenlong Zhao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
| | - Huihui Meng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
| | - Qi Zheng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
| | - Junsong Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
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Chen J, Liu Y, Huang Y, Tong A, Liu B, Zeng F. Schizochytrium
oil and its Mixture with Fish Oil and
Sacha inchi
Oil Ameliorate Gut Microbiota Composition and Lipid Metabolism via the FAS/HMGCR/SREBP Signaling Pathway. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yilin Liu
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Aijun Tong
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Feng Zeng
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China
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Li Y, Zhang K, Liu J, Liu S, Nie C, Yan Y, Guan Y, Fan M, Qian H, Ying H, Wang L. Geniposide suppresses thermogenesis via regulating PKA catalytic subunit in adipocytes. Toxicology 2021; 464:153014. [PMID: 34718029 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Geniposide has been widely found to ameliorate many metabolic diseases. The recruitment and activation of brown/beige adipocytes are effective and promising methods for counteracting obesity and related diseases. However, the effect of geniposide on thermogenesis of adipocytes and its underlying mechanism have not yet been investigated. Here, we demonstrate that geniposide (25 mg/kg) reduces body temperature and cold tolerance of mice via suppressing thermogenic genes in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). Consistently, geniposide (20 mg/mL) suppresses thermogenic capacity of adipocytes (brown adipocytes and 3T3L1 preadipocyte cells) in vitro. Mechanistically, geniposide reduces the level of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit and further suppresses transcription activity and protein stability of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), leading to reduction of thermogenic capacity in adipocytes. Moreover, pharmacological PKA activation reverses geniposide-induced UCP1 inhibition, which indicated that geniposide suppresses thermogenesis of adipocytes via regulating PKA signaling. Together, our findings suggest that geniposide is an inhibitor of fat thermogenesis, establishing a novel function characteristic of geniposide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Kuiliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Chenzhipeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Yanming Guan
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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35
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Regulation of Nutritional Metabolism in Transition Dairy Goats: Energy Balance, Liver Activity, and Insulin Resistance in Response to Berberine Supplementation. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082236. [PMID: 34438693 PMCID: PMC8388389 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the alleviating effects of the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine (BBR) on the energy balance (EB), glucose and insulin metabolism, and liver functionality in transition dairy goats, as reflected by blood metabolites and enzymes. Twenty-four primiparous Saanen goats were randomly allocated to four groups. Goats in each group received, ad libitum, the same basal diet during the pre- and post-partum periods of evaluation. Goats received daily0, 1, 2, or 4 g BBR (coded as CON, BBR1, BBR2, and BBR4, respectively). Dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were recorded daily. Blood samples were collected on days -21, -14, -7, 0, 7, 14, and 21 relative to kidding, and individual body condition scores (BCSs) were also recorded. Supplementation with either BBR2 or BBR4 increased (p < 0.05) pre- and post-partum DMI, increasing (p < 0.05) the intakes of net energy for lactating and metabolizable proteins. BBR2 and BBR4 increased (p < 0.05) post-partum milk production as well as fat-corrected milk (FCM), energy-corrected milk (ECM), and feed efficiency, indicating the alleviating effect of BBR on the negative energy balance (NEB) in transition goats. The daily ingestion of either 2 or 4 g BBR reduced (p < 0.05) plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and increased (p < 0.05) the dynamic change in the liver activity index (LAI) and liver functionality index (LFI), implying its hepatoprotective effect on transition goats. Overall, the results suggest that BBR supplementation of at least 2 g/d may help to ameliorate insulin resistance (IR) and fat metabolism disorders initiated by the NEB in transition dairy goats.
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36
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Guo W, Zhu S, Li S, Feng Y, Wu H, Zeng M. Microalgae polysaccharides ameliorates obesity in association with modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat-diet fed C57BL/6 mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1371-1383. [PMID: 34004199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are emerging as a good source of natural nutraceuticals and medicines. This study aims at evaluating the anti-obesity effects of two microalgae polysaccharides (CPS from Chlorella pyrenoidosa and SPS from Spirulina platensis) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice, with β-glucan as a positive control polysaccharide. CPS, SPS and β-glucan were daily administered intragastrically during 10-week HFD feeding, and conferred equally effective protection against overweight, energy imbalance, glucose tolerance impairment, systemic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and fat deposition in the liver and epididymal white adipose tissues. By western blotting analysis of CPT-1, PPARγ and SREBP-1c, those polysaccharides increased lipolysis and decreased lipogenesis in the liver. According to high-throughput sequencing of fecal 16S rRNA, CPS, SPS and β-glucan corrected the HFD-induced gut dysbiosis similarly by increasing beneficial bacteria especially Clostridia, Bacterioidia and Mollicutes and decreasing unfavorable bacteria especially Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia and, as revealed by PICRUSt functional analysis, they restored the HFD-induced perturbations in many gut bacterial enzymes and pathways involved in the metabolism of SCFAs, secondary bile acids and trimethylamine, implicating a possible anti-obesity mechanism through gut microbiome-mediated modulation of host lipid metabolism. Microalgae polysaccharides can thus serve as potent alternative food ingredients to improve disease conditions in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Suqin Zhu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Shiyang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Yinong Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Haohao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
| | - Mingyong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
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Zeng Q, Li N, Pan XF, Chen L, Pan A. Clinical management and treatment of obesity in China. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:393-405. [PMID: 34022157 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
China has one of the largest populations with obesity in the world, and obesity has become a major challenge for the country's health-care system. Current guidelines for obesity management are not adequately supported by evidence from clinical studies in Chinese populations. Effective lifestyle interventions suitable for Chinese populations are scarce, insufficient weight-loss medications have been approved by regulatory bodies, and there is low acceptance of non-lifestyle interventions (ie, medications and surgery) among both health-care providers and the general public. Large, well designed, and well implemented clinical trials are needed to strengthen the evidence base for the clinical management of obesity in China. Obesity management can be improved through use of a tiered system involving health management centres, integrated lifestyle interventions and medical treatments, strengthened obesity education and training, and use of advanced electronic health technologies. Resource mobilisation, support from major stakeholders for people with overweight or obesity, and education and changes to social norms among the wider public are also needed. National health policies should prioritise both obesity prevention and improvement of the treatment and management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zeng
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Naishi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China.
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Li X, Tang Z, Wen L, Jiang C, Feng Q. Matrine: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, clinical application and preparation researches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113682. [PMID: 33307055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE "Dogel ebs" was known as Sophora flavescens Ait., which has been widely utilized in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese Mongolian herbal medicine for thousands of years. Shen Nong's Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing in Chinese pinyin) recorded that it is bitter in taste and cold in nature with the effect of clearing heat and eliminating dampness, insecticide, diuresis. Due to its extensive application in the fields of ethnopharmacological utilization, the pharmaceutical researches of Sophora flavescens Ait.s keeps deepening. Modern pharmacological studies have exhibited that matrine, which is rich in this traditional herbal medicine, mediates its main biological properties. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review aimed at summarizing the latest and comprehensive information of matrine on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, clinical application and preparation researches to explore the therapeutic potential of this natural ingredient. In addition, outlooks and perspective for possible future researches that related are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Related information concerning matrine was gathered from the internet database of Google scholar, Pubmed, ResearchGate, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library with the keywords including "matrine", "pharmacology", "toxicology" and "pharmacokinetics", "clinical application", etc. RESULTS: Based on literatures, matrine has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, detoxification and so on. Nevertheless, there are still some doubts about it due to the toxicity and questionable bioavailability that does exist. CONCLUSIONS Future researches directions probably include elucidate the mechanism of its toxicity and accurately tracing the in vivo behavior of its drug delivery system. Without doubt, integration of toxicity and efficiency and structure modification based on it are also pivotal methods to enhance pharmacological activity and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ziwei Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Beibei Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Li Wen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cen Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Natural Bioactive Compounds as Potential Browning Agents in White Adipose Tissue. Pharm Res 2021; 38:549-567. [PMID: 33783666 PMCID: PMC8082541 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The epidemic of overweight and obesity underlies many common metabolic diseases. Approaches aimed to reduce energy intake and/or stimulate energy expenditure represent potential strategies to control weight gain. Adipose tissue is a major energy balancing organ. It can be classified as white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). While WAT stores excess metabolic energy, BAT dissipates it as heat via adaptive thermogenesis. WAT also participates in thermogenesis by providing thermogenic fuels and by directly generating heat after browning. Browned WAT resembles BAT morphologically and metabolically and is classified as beige fat. Like BAT, beige fat can produce heat. Human adults have BAT-like or beige fat. Recruitment and activation of this fat type have the potential to increase energy expenditure, thereby countering against obesity and its metabolic complications. Given this, agents capable of inducing WAT browning have recently attracted broad attention from biomedical, nutritional and pharmaceutical societies. In this review, we summarize natural bioactive compounds that have been shown to promote beige adipocyte recruitment and activation in animals and cultured cells. We also discuss potential molecular mechanisms for each compound to induce adipose browning and metabolic benefits.
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Chu Y, Zhao X, Mao L, Zhao S, Lin S, Hui X, Gu P, Xu Y, Loomes K, Tang S, Nie T, Wu D. The natural compound rutaecarpine promotes white adipocyte browning through activation of the AMPK-PRDM16 axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 545:189-194. [PMID: 33561654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally and is associated with many metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, a number of studies suggest that promotion of white adipose browning represents a promising strategy to combat obesity and its related metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to identify compounds that induce adipocyte browning and elucidate their mechanism of action. Among the 500 natural compounds screened, a small molecule named Rutaecarpine, was identified as a positive regulator of adipocyte browning both in vitro and in vivo. KEGG pathway analysis from RNA-seq data suggested that the AMPK signaling pathway was regulated by Rutaecarpine, which was validated by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, inhibition of AMPK signaling mitigated the browning effect of Rutaecaripine. The effect of Rutaecaripine on adipocyte browning was also abolished upon deletion of Prdm16, a downstream target of AMPK pathway. In collusion, Rutaecarpine is a potent chemical agent to induce adipocyte browning and may serve as a potential drug candidate to treat obesity.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Adipocytes, Beige/cytology
- Adipocytes, Beige/drug effects
- Adipocytes, Beige/metabolism
- Adipocytes, White/cytology
- Adipocytes, White/drug effects
- Adipocytes, White/metabolism
- Animals
- Biological Products/pharmacology
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- In Vitro Techniques
- Indole Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Models, Biological
- Obesity/drug therapy
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Oxygen Consumption/drug effects
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Thermogenesis/drug effects
- Thermogenesis/genetics
- Thermogenesis/physiology
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Chu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liufeng Mao
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqiang Lin
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kerry Loomes
- School of Biological Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shibing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Donghai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China.
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Qiu Y, Yu H, Hu Y, Guo S, Lei X, Qin Y, Jian Y, Li B, Liu L, Peng C, Wang A, Wang W. Transcriptomic and metabonomic profiling reveal the anti-obesity effects of Chikusetsusaponin V, a compound extracted from Panax japonicus. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:60-69. [PMID: 33791810 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the in vivo anti-obesity effect of chikusetsusaponin V and explore the underlying mechanism by transcriptomic and metabonomic methods. METHODS The physiological parameters of high-fat-diet induced obese mice administered with or without 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of chikusetsusaponin V by gavage for 16 weeks were recorded. In addition, the RNA-sequencing and UHPLC-Q-TOF techniques were applied to obtain the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling, respectively. KEY FINDINGS Chikusetsusaponin V could significantly alleviate the high-fat-diet induced increase in the weight of the whole body and obesity-related organs or tissues, and ameliorate the lipid content in the blood, the lipid accumulation in the livers, as well as the hypertrophy of the fat tissues. Importantly, transcriptomic results revealed that more than 30 genes involved in the pathway which closely associates with obesity, were significantly altered. Moreover, metabolomic data indicated the key differential metabolites enriched in the pathways such as the activated protein kinase signaling pathway which is a vital mediator of obesity and other processes. CONCLUSIONS The integrative analysis highlighted that chikusetsusaponin V significantly influenced the activated protein kinase signaling pathway at both transcriptomic and metabolomic levels, thereby exerting anti-obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Qiu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine & Protein Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Huanghe Yu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yi Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine & Protein Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shiyin Guo
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xinnuo Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine & Protein Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Qin
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Leping Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Caiyun Peng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Aibing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine & Protein Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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Murakami S, Hirazawa C, Ohya T, Yoshikawa R, Mizutani T, Ma N, Moriyama M, Ito T, Matsuzaki C. The Edible Brown Seaweed Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity, Diabetes, and Hepatic Steatosis in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:551. [PMID: 33567531 PMCID: PMC7915656 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh (S. horneri) is edible brown seaweed that grows along the coast of East Asia and has been traditionally used as a folk medicine and a local food. In this study, we evaluated the effects of S. horneri on the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet. S. horneri was freeze-dried, fine-powdered, and mixed with a high-fat diet at a weight ratio of 2% or 6%. Feeding a high-fat diet to mice for 13 weeks induced obesity, diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and hypercholesterolemia. Supplementation of mice with S. horneri suppressed high-fat diet-induced body weight gain and the accumulation of fat in adipose tissue and liver, and the elevation of the serum glucose level. In addition, S. horneri improved insulin resistance. An analysis of the feces showed that S. horneri stimulated the fecal excretion of triglyceride, as well as increased the fecal polysaccharide content. Furthermore, extracts of S. horneri inhibited the activity of pancreatic lipase in vitro. These results showed that S. horneri can ameliorate diet-induced metabolic diseases, and the effect may be partly associated with the suppression of intestinal fat absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Murakami
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 9101195, Japan; (C.H.); (T.O.); (R.Y.); (T.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Chihiro Hirazawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 9101195, Japan; (C.H.); (T.O.); (R.Y.); (T.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Takuma Ohya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 9101195, Japan; (C.H.); (T.O.); (R.Y.); (T.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Rina Yoshikawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 9101195, Japan; (C.H.); (T.O.); (R.Y.); (T.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Toshiki Mizutani
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 9101195, Japan; (C.H.); (T.O.); (R.Y.); (T.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Ning Ma
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University, Mie 5100293, Japan;
| | | | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 9101195, Japan; (C.H.); (T.O.); (R.Y.); (T.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Chiaki Matsuzaki
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa 9218836, Japan;
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Zhang D, Qi B, Li D, Feng J, Huang X, Ma X, Huang L, Wang X, Liu X. Phillyrin Relieves Lipopolysaccharide-Induced AKI by Protecting Against Glycocalyx Damage and Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses. Inflammation 2021; 43:540-551. [PMID: 31832909 PMCID: PMC7095384 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Damage to the integrity of heparin sulfate (HS) in the endothelial glycocalyx is an important factor of glomerular filtration barrier dysfunction, which is the basic pathological feature of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is a common clinical critical illness with few drugs options offering effective treatment. Phillyrin (Phil), the main pharmacological component of Forsythia suspensa, possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, the effects of Phil on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI have yet to be reported. The aim of the present study is to analyze the effects of Phil on HS damage and inflammatory signaling pathways in LPS-induced AKI. Results revealed that Phil reduces pathological changes and improves renal function in LPS-induced AKI. Further analysis indicated that Phil effectively protects against glycocalyx HS degradation in LPS-stimulated EA.hy926 cells in vitro and LPS-induced AKI mice in vivo. The protective effect of Phil on HS damage may be associated with the isolate's ability to suppress the production of reactive oxygen species, and decrease expression levels of cathepsin L and heparanase in vitro and in vivo. In addition, ELISA and Western blot results revealed that Phil inhibits the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and decreases the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in LPS-induced ARDS mice. In general, protection against endothelial glycocalyx HS damage and inhibition of inflammatory responses by Phil may be used as treatment targets for LPS-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of Respirator Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Boyang Qi
- Department of Respirator Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Department of Respirator Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Jiali Feng
- Department of Respirator Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Respirator Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Department of Respirator Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Lina Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- Department of Respirator Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China.
| | - Xiangyong Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.
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Chen J, Gong S, Wan X, Gao X, Wang C, Zeng F, Zhao C, Liu B, Huang Y. Hypolipidemic properties of Chlorella pyrenoidosa organic acids via AMPK/HMGCR/SREBP-1c pathway in vivo. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:459-468. [PMID: 33473307 PMCID: PMC7802577 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects and mechanisms of 95% ethanol extract of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CPE95) on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats. For the sake of chemical composition analysis of CPE95, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used for determination. After treatment with CPE95, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol content of the hyperlipidemic rats was increased, while the contents of cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased strikingly. Moreover, the result of histopathology analysis showed that the accumulation and fatty deformation of the livers were relieved. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes. The gene expression level of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase was descended, and expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase were all downregulated in the CPE95-treated rats. It suggested that CPE95 may effectively improve the hyperlipidemia in rats and would be potential for functional food component to reduce blood lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Shiyu Gong
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xuzhi Wan
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Change Wang
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Feng Zeng
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO TechnologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and NutritionMinistry of EducationFuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian ProvinceInstitute of OceanologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO TechnologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
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Zhang Y, Xie Q, You L, Cheung PCK, Zhao Z. Behavior of Non-Digestible Polysaccharides in Gastrointestinal Tract: A Mechanistic Review of its Anti-Obesity Effect. EFOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.210310.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Abstract
Polyphenols constitute a diverse array of naturally occurring secondary metabolites found in plants which, when consumed, have been shown to promote human health. Greater consumption may therefore aid in the fight against diseases such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, etc. Tree bark is polyphenol-rich and has potential to be used in food supplements. However, it is important to gain insight into the polyphenol profile of different barks to select the material with greatest concentration and diversity. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was coupled with an ion mobility time-of-flight high-definition/high-resolution mass spectrometer (UPLC-HDMSE) to profile ethanol extracts of three common tree barks (Pinus contorta, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur) alongside a commercial reference (Pycnogenol® extracted from Pinus pinaster). Through the use of Progenesis QI informatics software, 35 high scoring components with reported significance to health were tentatively identified across the three bark extracts following broadly the profile of Pycnogenol®. Scots Pine had generally higher compound abundances than in the other two extracts. Oak bark extract showed the lowest abundances but exhibited higher amounts of naringenin and 3-O-methylrosmarinic acid. We conclude that forestry bark waste provides a rich source of extractable polyphenols suitable for use in food supplements and so can valorise this forestry waste stream.
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Luo Z, Xu W, Zhang Y, Di L, Shan J. A review of saponin intervention in metabolic syndrome suggests further study on intestinal microbiota. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105088. [PMID: 32683035 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a series of symptoms including insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated fasting blood glucose levels, and hepatic steatosis. As a key criterion in MetS, the onset of insulin resistance is related to abnormal levels of circulating free fatty acids and adipokines. It has been discovered in recent years that metabolites and pathogen-associated molecular patterns of intestinal/gut microbiota are also important factors that cause insulin resistance and MetS. Saponins are the main components of many botanicals and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), such as ginseng, platycodon, licorice, and alfalfa. They have poor bioavailability, but can be transformed into secondary glycosides and aglycones by intestinal microbiota, further being absorbed. Based on in vivo and in vitro data, we found that saponins and their secondary metabolites have a preventive effect on MetS, and the effective targets are distributed in the intestine and other organs in human body. Intestinal targets involve pancreatic lipase, dietary cholesterol, and intestinal microbiota. Other targets include central appetite, nuclear receptors such as PPAR and LXR, AMPK signaling pathway and adipokines levels, etc. In view of the poor bioavailability of saponins, it is inferred that targets for prototype-saponins to interfere with MetS is mainly located in the intestine, and the activation of other targets may be related to secondary glycosides and aglycones transformed from saponins by intestinal flora. We suggest that the role of intestinal microbiota in saponin intervention in MetS should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Luo
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weichen Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Genome Center of UC Davis, NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Liuqing Di
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Qiu Y, Yu H, Zeng R, Guo S, Daniyal M, Deng Z, Wang A, Wang W. Recent Development on Anti-Obesity Compounds and their Mechanisms of Action: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3577-3597. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190215114359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, associated with a series of complications such as diabetes, hypertension, and
heart disease, is a great threat to human health and leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite
the presence of anti-obesity agents on the market, the application of these drugs is limited because
of their typical side effects. More effective and safe weight-loss drugs are being pursued by
many researchers, correspondingly, growing small molecules and natural products with anti-obesity
effects have been identified and the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of the novel and
known compounds have at least partially been revealed. Therefore, the field does witness great progress
year by year. In this review, we intend to provide a comprehensive and updated view on the
known and novel compounds which possess anti-obesity effects and further classify them according
to the molecular mechanisms of their actions in regulating the major anti-obesity pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Qiu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Huanghe Yu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Shiyin Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Zeyu Deng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Aibing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine & Protein Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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Shang A, Gan RY, Xu XY, Mao QQ, Zhang PZ, Li HB. Effects and mechanisms of edible and medicinal plants on obesity: an updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2061-2077. [PMID: 32462901 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1769548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, obesity has become a global public health issue. It is closely associated with the occurrence of several chronic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Some edible and medicinal plants show anti-obesity activity, such as fruits, vegetables, spices, legumes, edible flowers, mushrooms, and medicinal plants. Numerous studies have indicated that these plants are potential candidates for the prevention and management of obesity. The major anti-obesity mechanisms of plants include suppressing appetite, reducing the absorption of lipids and carbohydrates, inhibiting adipogenesis and lipogenesis, regulating lipid metabolism, increasing energy expenditure, regulating gut microbiota, and improving obesity-related inflammation. In this review, the anti-obesity activity of edible and medicinal plants was summarized based on epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies, with related mechanisms discussed, which provided the basis for the research and development of slimming products. Further studies should focus on the exploration of safer plants with anti-obesity activity and the identification of specific anti-obesity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center (NASC), Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pang-Zhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Ilyas Z, Perna S, Al-Thawadi S, Alalwan TA, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Gasparri C, Infantino V, Peroni G, Rondanelli M. The effect of Berberine on weight loss in order to prevent obesity: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110137. [PMID: 32353823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study provides a critical overview of experimental studies in vitro, in humans, and in animals that evaluated the efficacy of Berberine and its effect on management of obesity and the related metabolic consequences. As a result of this review, we summarized the effects of Berberine in different models and the related mechanism of actions. In preclinical models, Berberine demonstrates that it affects gut microbiota by reducing diversity of microbes starting at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day. Moreover, in animal models, Berberine explicates an action on glucose through the inhibition of α-glycosidase at a dose of 200 mh/kg/day. Berberine is also known to be effective against differentiation of adipocytes through a decrease in LXRs, PPARs, and SREBPs expression at 150 mg/kg/day. Other mechanism ascribed to Berberine are related to its inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis through the Phospheoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), Glucose-6-phosphate (G6Pase) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Furthermore, Berberine (associated to Red Yeast Rice) is effective in decreasing lipid levels in rats, which consequently lowers the change of weight gain at dosage of 40 mg/kg to 380 mg/kg/day. All the above preclinical data are confirmed in human studies where Berberine can modulate the diversity of gut microbes at the dose of 500 mg/day. In addition, Berberine is found to have a beneficial impact on gene regulation for the absorption of cholesterol at a daily dose of 300 mg in humans, an amelioration on glucose accumulation at 1.0 g daily dose was also observed. For all these reasons, this review gives an important good account of the impact of Berberine in obesity treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ilyas
- University of Bahrain, Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Simone Perna
- University of Bahrain, Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Salwa Al-Thawadi
- University of Bahrain, Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Tariq A Alalwan
- University of Bahrain, Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Unit, Indena, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | | | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, 27100, Italy
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