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Wong A, Sun Q, Latif II, Karwi QG. Macrophage energy metabolism in cardiometabolic disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05099-6. [PMID: 39198360 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
In a rapidly expanding body of literature, the major role of energy metabolism in determining the response and polarization status of macrophages has been examined, and it is currently a very active area of research. The metabolic flux through different metabolic pathways in the macrophage is interconnected and complex and could influence the polarization of macrophages. Earlier studies suggested glucose flux through cytosolic glycolysis is a prerequisite to trigger the pro-inflammatory phenotypes of macrophages while proposing that fatty acid oxidation is essential to support anti-inflammatory responses by macrophages. However, recent studies have shown that this understanding is oversimplified and that the metabolic control of macrophage polarization is highly complex and not fully defined yet. In this review, we systematically reviewed and summarized the literature regarding the role of energy metabolism in controlling macrophage activity and how that might be altered in cardiometabolic diseases, namely heart failure, obesity, and diabetes. We critically appraised the experimental studies and methodologies in the published studies. We also highlighted the challenging concepts in macrophage metabolism and identified several research questions yet to be addressed in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wong
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qiuyu Sun
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ismail I Latif
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubaa, Diyala, Iraq
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada.
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2
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Weiwei M, Mei D, Juan L, Longfei X, Xilin C, Tingyao H, Wenting Z, Changqing G. Electroacupuncture improves articular microcirculation and attenuates cartilage hypoxia in a male rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis. J Tradit Complement Med 2024; 14:414-423. [PMID: 39035691 PMCID: PMC11259712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Hypoxia of the cartilage has been considered as a potential pathogenic factor in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Studies have shown that impaired blood perfusion of joint leads to cartilage hypoxia. Electroacupuncture (EA) has proven effects on pain relief and improving microcirculation. This study aimed to explore the effect of EA on articular microcirculation and cartilage anoxic and the underlying mechanisms. Procedures Videman's method was used for 6 weeks to establish the KOA model. EA intervention was performed in four points around the knee for 3 weeks after KOA modeling. The Lequesne MG score was used to assess ethology. We recorded the oxygen tension of synovial fluid and the synovial microcirculation in vivo. HE-staining was used to assess cartilage morphology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and RT-PCR were used to assess expression of the major glycolytic enzymes glucosetransporter1 (GLUT1), pyruvate kinase M2(PKM2), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to detect lactate content. Results and conclusion There was a significant decrease in Lequesne MG score and improvement in Mankin score after EA intervention (P < 0.01), a significant increase in synovial microcirculation (P < 0.05) and synovial fluid oxygen tension (P < 0.01), and there was significant decrease in the expression of GLUT1, PKM2 and LDHA (P < 0.01) and lactate (P < 0.05). This study suggested that EA ameliorate cartilage hypoxia and regulate glycolytic metabolism in chondrocytes in KOA model rabbits by improving articular microcirculation and oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Weiwei
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Du Mei
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lu Juan
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xing Longfei
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chen Xilin
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hu Tingyao
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhu Wenting
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guo Changqing
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
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3
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Dong H, Tang F, Zhao Z, Huang W, Wan X, Hong Z, Liu Y, Dong X, Chen S. The Bioactive Compounds of Epimedium and Their Potential Mechanism of Action in Treating Osteoporosis: A Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:706. [PMID: 38931373 PMCID: PMC11206986 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a global health challenge characterized by bone loss and microstructure deterioration, which urgently requires the development of safer and more effective treatments due to the significant adverse effects and limitations of existing drugs for long-term treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine, like Epimedium, offers fewer side effects and has been used to treat osteoporosis, yet its active compounds and pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, 65 potential active compounds, 258 potential target proteins, and 488 pathways of Epimedium were identified through network pharmacology analysis. Further network analysis and review of the literature identified six potential active compounds and HIF-1α for subsequent experimental validation. In vitro experiments confirmed that 2″-O-RhamnosylIcariside II is the most effective compound among the six potential active compounds. It can promote osteoblast differentiation, bind with HIF-1α, and inhibit both HIF-1α gene and protein expression, as well as enhance COL1A1 protein expression under hypoxic conditions. In vivo experiments demonstrated its ability to improve bone microstructures and reduce bone loss by decreasing bone marrow adipose tissue, enhancing bone formation, and suppressing HIF-1α protein expression. This study is the first to describe the therapeutic effects of 2-O-RhamnosylIcariside II on osteoporosis, which was done, specifically, through a mechanism that targets and inhibits HIF-1α. This study provides a scientific basis for the clinical application of Epimedium and offers a new candidate drug for the treatment of osteoporosis. Additionally, it provides new evidence supporting HIF-1α as a therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhong Dong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fen Tang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zilu Zhao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiangyang Wan
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhanying Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China;
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Si Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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4
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Fang W, Xie S, Deng W. Epicardial Adipose Tissue: a Potential Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:322-333. [PMID: 37848803 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
With increased ageing of the population, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the most important factor endangering human health worldwide. Although the treatment of CVD has become increasingly advanced, there are still a considerable number of patients with conditions that have not improved. According to the latest clinical guidelines of the European Cardiovascular Association, obesity has become an independent risk factor for CVD. Adipose tissue includes visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Many previous studies have focused on subcutaneous adipose tissue, but visceral adipose tissue has been rarely studied. However, as a type of visceral adipose tissue, epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has attracted the attention of researchers because of its unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. This review will systematically describe the physiological characteristics and evaluation methods of EAT and emphasize the important role and treatment measures of EAT in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Saiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Bettinetti-Luque M, Trujillo-Estrada L, Garcia-Fuentes E, Andreo-Lopez J, Sanchez-Varo R, Garrido-Sánchez L, Gómez-Mediavilla Á, López MG, Garcia-Caballero M, Gutierrez A, Baglietto-Vargas D. Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:840-878. [PMID: 37706346 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has recently been recognized as an important endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and in the immune response in many metabolic tissues. With this regard, emerging evidence indicates that an important crosstalk exists between the adipose tissue and the brain. However, the contribution of adipose tissue to the development of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, remains poorly defined. New studies suggest that the adipose tissue modulates brain function through a range of endogenous biologically active factors known as adipokines, which can cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the target areas in the brain or to regulate the function of the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we discuss the effects of several adipokines on the physiology of the blood-brain barrier, their contribution to the development of Alzheimer's disease and their therapeutic potential. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bettinetti-Luque
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Trujillo-Estrada
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Andreo-Lopez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Varo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ángela Gómez-Mediavilla
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa Garcia-Caballero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Baglietto-Vargas
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Niveta JPS, John CM, Arockiasamy S. Monoamine oxidase mediated oxidative stress: a potential molecular and biochemical crux in the pathogenesis of obesity. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:29. [PMID: 38142252 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a global health concern with an increasing prevalence as years pass by but the researchers have not come to a consensus on the exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying this disease. In the past three decades, Monoamine Oxidases (MAO), has come into limelight for a possible involvement in orchestrating the genesis of obesity but the exact mechanism is not well elucidated. MAO is essentially an enzyme involved in the catabolism of neurotransmitters and other biogenic amines to form a corresponding aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ammonia. This review aims to highlight the repercussions of MAO's catabolic activity on the redox balance, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism of adipocytes which ultimately leads to obesity. The H2O2 produced by these enzymes seems to be the culprit causing oxidative stress in pre-adipocytes and goes on to mimic insulin's activity independent of its presence via the Protein Kinase B Pathway facilitating glucose influx. The H2O2 activates Sterol regulatory-element binding protein-1c and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma crucial for encoding enzymes like fatty acid synthase, acetyl CoA carboxylase 1, Adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase etc., which helps promoting lipogenesis at the same time inhibits lipolysis. More reactive oxygen species production occurs via NADPH Oxidases enzymes and is also able activate Nuclear Factor kappa B leading to inflammation in the adipocyte microenvironment. This chronic inflammation is the seed for insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Shirley Niveta
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Cordelia Mano John
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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7
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Gao C, Yin J, Hu T, Liu S, Zhao X, Ding H, Lin X, Fang L. Reduced myocardial work in asymptomatic heavy alcohol use and its correlation with epicardial adipose tissue volume and serum biomarkers. Clin Cardiol 2023; 46:1554-1561. [PMID: 37707300 PMCID: PMC10716317 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether long-term heavy alcohol use leads to early cardiac function decline. HYPOTHESIS Long-term heavy alcohol use developed reduced cardiac function in subclinical status by analyzing myocardial work (MW). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and serum biomarkers contribute to identify potential factors sensitive in predicting early cardiac function decline. METHODS We enrolled 31 asymptomatic participants with heavy alcohol use and 33 age and sex-matching nondrinking individuals. Participants underwent echocardiography, MW analysis, EAT volume measurement, serum biochemical examinations, and body composition assessment. We used multivariate linear regression to identify correlation between MW and total cholesterol (TC), EAT volume, and placental growth factor (PlGF). To determine global work efficiency (GWE) below the normal reference value of 96%, we developed receiver operating curves with area under curve (AUC) to compare different combinations of TC, EAT volume, and PlGF. RESULTS All 64 participants were male. GWE was reduced in the alcohol use group compared with the control group (96, interquartile range [IQR] = [95-97.75] vs. 97, IQR = [97-98], p = .004). TC was positively associated with GWE (β = .434, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.228 to 1.328, p = .008), whereas EAT volume (β = -.398, 95% CI = -0.000446 to -0.000093, p = .005) and PlGF (β = -.493, 95% CI = -1.010 to -0.230, p = .004) were inversely associated with GWE. The most significant AUC for reduced GWE was TC + EAT volume (0.851, 95% CI = 0.671 to 1, p = .006). CONCLUSION Asymptomatic heavy alcohol use has shown early reduced cardiac function which can be associated with altered fat metabolism, suggesting individuals with alcohol use and abnormal fat metabolism need to be alert to heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canran Gao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Imaging ResearchTsinghua University School of MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xihai Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Imaging ResearchTsinghua University School of MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Haiyan Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Imaging ResearchTsinghua University School of MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xue Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ligang Fang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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8
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Owesny P, Grune T. The link between obesity and aging - insights into cardiac energy metabolism. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 216:111870. [PMID: 37689316 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and aging are well-established risk factors for a range of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Given the escalating prevalence of obesity, the aging population, and the subsequent increase in cardiovascular diseases, it is crucial to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. Both aging and obesity have profound effects on the energy metabolism through various mechanisms, including metabolic inflexibility, altered substrate utilization for energy production, deregulated nutrient sensing, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we aim to present and discuss the hypothesis that obesity, due to its similarity in changes observed in the aging heart, may accelerate the process of cardiac aging and exacerbate the clinical outcomes of elderly individuals with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Owesny
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
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9
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Rabkin SW, Wong CN. Epigenetics in Heart Failure: Role of DNA Methylation in Potential Pathways Leading to Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2815. [PMID: 37893188 PMCID: PMC10604152 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review will focus on epigenetic modifications utilizing the DNA methylation mechanism, which is potentially involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The putative pathways of HFpEF will be discussed, specifically myocardial fibrosis, myocardial inflammation, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, oxidative-nitrosative stress, mitochondrial and metabolic defects, as well as obesity. The relationship of HFpEF to aging and atrial fibrillation will be examined from the perspective of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon W. Rabkin
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Chenille N. Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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10
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Pandey AK, Bhatt DL, Pandey A, Marx N, Cosentino F, Pandey A, Verma S. Mechanisms of benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:3640-3651. [PMID: 37674356 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) proved an elusive entity to treat. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have recently been shown to reduce the composite of heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death in patients with HFpEF in the landmark DELIVER and EMPEROR-Preserved trials. While improvements in blood sugar, blood pressure, and attenuation of kidney disease progression all may play some role, preclinical and translational research have identified additional mechanisms of these agents. The SGLT2 inhibitors have intriguingly been shown to induce a nutrient-deprivation and hypoxic-like transcriptional paradigm, with increased ketosis, erythropoietin, and autophagic flux in addition to altering iron homeostasis, which may contribute to improved cardiac energetics and function. These agents also reduce epicardial adipose tissue and alter adipokine signalling, which may play a role in the reductions in inflammation and oxidative stress observed with SGLT2 inhibition. Emerging evidence also indicates that these drugs impact cardiomyocyte ionic homeostasis although whether this is through indirect mechanisms or via direct, off-target effects on other ion channels has yet to be clearly characterized. Finally, SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to reduce myofilament stiffness as well as extracellular matrix remodelling/fibrosis in the heart, improving diastolic function. The SGLT2 inhibitors have established themselves as robust, disease-modifying therapies and as recent trial results are incorporated into clinical guidelines, will likely become foundational in the therapy of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun K Pandey
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, 90 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8P 1H6, Canada
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Avinash Pandey
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin St, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Norrbacka S1:02, Stockholm, SE 17177, Sweden
- Heart, Vascular and Neuro Theme, Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Anna Steckséns gata 41, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Ma Y, Li X, Liu Z, Xue X, Wang Y, Ma Y. HIF-1α-PPARγ-mTORC1 signaling pathway-mediated autophagy induces inflammatory response in pancreatic cells in rats with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8497-8507. [PMID: 37644373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The incidence of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP) has rapidly increased in recent years in China. Autophagy has been implicated in the inflammatory response of pancreatic cells in HLAP, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS In this study, the role of HIF-1α-PPARγ-mTORC1 pathway-mediated autophagy in the inflammatory response of pancreatic cells and the underlying molecular mechanism were investigated in a rat model of HLAP using immunohistochemistry, ELISA, electron microscopy, and western blot analysis. RESULTS The results revealed that autophagy was significantly increased and pancreatic injury was exacerbated in HLAP rats, and the inflammatory response was further exacerbated by treatment with rapamycin but relieved by treatment with 3-MA. Hyperlipidemia induced upregulation of HIF-1α and downregulation of PPARγ, which in turn led to an increase in autophagy and consequently exacerbation of the inflammatory response of pancreatic cells. CONCLUSIONS HIF-1α-PPARγ-mTORC1 pathway-mediated autophagy plays a critical role in the inflammatory response of pancreatic cells in HLAP, and interference with the HIF-1α-PPARγ-mTOR pathway can serve as a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of HLAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Ma
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Digestive Department of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Digestive Department of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, China
| | - Zhilan Liu
- Digestive Department of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, China
| | - Xiaohong Xue
- Digestive Department of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214187, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yingcai Ma
- Digestive Department of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, China
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12
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Wang D, Zhu Z, Fu Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Wang T, Weng Y, Wen Y, Cao W, Tao G, Wang Y. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 activates androgen receptor transcription and promotes ovarian fibrosis in PCOS. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113090. [PMID: 37669164 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder and the main cause of anovulatory infertility, in which persistent activation of androgen receptor (AR) due to aberrant acetylation modifications of transcription is a potential trigger; however, the precise mechanisms of AR activation are poorly understood. In this study, AR activation in dehydroepiandrosterone- and letrozole-induced rat PCOS ovaries coincided with a marked increase of a chromatin acetylation "reader" BRD4. Further bioinformatic analysis showed that the AR promoter contained highly conserved binding motifs of BRD4 and HIF-1α. BRD4 and HIF-1α inducibly bound to the histone 3/4 acetylation-modified AR promoter, while administration of a BRD4-selective inhibitor JQ1 reduced the binding and AR transcription and improved the adverse expression of the core fibrotic mediators in PCOS ovaries and DHT-treated granulosa cells. Our data indicate that BRD4 upregulation and the resultant AR transcriptional activation constitute an important regulatory pathway that promotes ovarian fibrosis in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojuan Wang
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Pain Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhengquan Zhu
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu Fu
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- Department of Pain Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yajing Weng
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yanting Wen
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wangsen Cao
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Nephrology, Yangzhou Precision Research Institute of Kidney Disease, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Gaojian Tao
- Department of Pain Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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13
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Naomi R, Teoh SH, Embong H, Balan SS, Othman F, Mamat-Hamidi K, Bahari H, Yazid MD. Analyzing Active Compounds in Elateriospermum tapos Yogurt for Maternal Obesity: A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study. Foods 2023; 12:3575. [PMID: 37835227 PMCID: PMC10572448 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity, characterized by an elevated body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy, is known to have adverse effects on the offspring. However, a recent study suggests that Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) yogurt may hold potential in mitigating excessive weight retention post-pregnancy. Thus, this study aims to employ network pharmacology to explore the pharmacological effects of the bioactive compounds present in E. tapos yogurt against maternal obesity. Initially, a screening process is conducted to identify the bioactive compounds in E. tapos yogurt, followed by the prediction of potential gene targets for these compounds using Swiss Target Prediction and the SuperPred databases. Maternal obesity-associated genes are sourced from the OMIM, DisGeNet, and GeneCards databases. The interaction between the identified compounds and maternal obesity genes is established via protein-protein interaction analysis, gene ontology examination, and KEGG pathway analysis. To validate the results, molecular docking studies are conducted using AutoDock Tools software. The findings reveal that out of the 64 compounds analyzed, three meet the screening criteria, resulting in a total of 380 potential gene targets. Among these targets, 240 are shared with maternal obesity-related genes. Further analysis demonstrates the favorable affinity of these active compounds with key targets, linking them to biological processes involving protein phosphorylation, inflammation, as well as the pathways related to lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and the other signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the potential pharmacological effects of the bioactive compounds found in E. tapos yogurt against maternal obesity. These findings open avenues for further exploration and potential therapeutic interventions targeting maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia;
| | - Hashim Embong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Santhra Segaran Balan
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia;
| | - Fezah Othman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Kamalludin Mamat-Hamidi
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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14
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Xu C, Guo Y, Zhang S, Lai Y, Huang M, Zhan R, Liu M, Xiong Z, Huang Y, Huang R, Liao X, Zhuang X, Cai Z. Visceral adiposity index and the risk of heart failure, late-life cardiac structure, and function in ARIC study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:1182-1192. [PMID: 37036032 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well established that obesity is associated with the risk of heart failure (HF). However, the data about relationship between visceral fat and the risk of HF are limited. AIMS We aim to evaluate the association between visceral obesity assessed by visceral adiposity index (VAI) and incident HF and left ventricular (LV) structure and function in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. METHODS We included 12 161 participants (aged 54.1 ± 5.8 years) free of history of HF and coronary heart disease at baseline (1987-89) in ARIC study. We used multivariable Cox hazard regression models to assess the association between the VAI and incident HF. We further explored the effects of the VAI on LV geometry and function among 4817 participants with echocardiographic data using multivariable linear regression analysis and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 22.5 years, a total of 1904 (15.7%) participants developed HF. After adjustment for traditional HF risk factors, 1 unit increase in the baseline VAI was associated with an 8% higher risk of incident HF [hazard ratio (HR): 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.11]. Results were similar when participants were categorized by VAI tertiles. Compared with participants in the lowest tertile of VAI, those in the second tertile and third tertile had a greater risk of incident HF [HR (95% CI): 1.19 (1.05-1.34) and 1.42 (1.26-1.61), respectively]. For the analyses of the HF subtypes, the higher VAI was only associated with the risk of HF with preserved ejection fraction, not with HF with reduced ejection fraction. In addition, the greater VAI was associated with worse LV diastolic function and abnormal LV geometry including concentric remodelling, concentric hypertrophy, and eccentric hypertrophy. CONCLUSION This study shows that higher VAI was independently associated with the increased risk of incident HF and abnormal LV geometry and LV diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoguang Xu
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaozhao Zhang
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuhui Lai
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengting Huang
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rongjian Zhan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Menghui Liu
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhenyu Xiong
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yiquan Huang
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rihua Huang
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinxue Liao
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Cardiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhixiong Cai
- Cardiology Department, Shantou Central Hospital, 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515031, China
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15
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Chen Y, Xue J, Yan X, Fang DG, Li F, Tian X, Yan P, Feng Z. Identification of crucial genes related to heart failure based on GEO database. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:376. [PMID: 37507655 PMCID: PMC10385922 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular biological mechanisms underlying heart failure (HF) remain poorly understood. Therefore, it is imperative to use innovative approaches, such as high-throughput sequencing and artificial intelligence, to investigate the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and potential treatment of HF. METHODS First, we initially screened Two data sets (GSE3586 and GSE5406) from the GEO database containing HF and control samples from the GEO database to establish the Train group, and selected another dataset (GSE57345) to construct the Test group for verification. Next, we identified the genes with significantly different expression levels in patients with or without HF and performed functional and pathway enrichment analyses. HF-specific genes were identified, and an artificial neural network was constructed by Random Forest. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the constructed model in the Train and Test groups. Finally, immune cell infiltration was analyzed to determine the role of the inflammatory response and the immunological microenvironment in the pathogenesis of HF. RESULTS In the Train group, 153 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with HF were found to be abnormal, including 81 down-regulated genes and 72 up-regulated genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the down-regulated genes were primarily enriched in organic anion transport, neutrophil activation, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The upregulated genes were mainly enriched in neutrophil activation and the calcium signaling. DEGs were identified using Random Forest, and finally, 16 HF-specific genes were obtained. In the ROC validation and evaluation, the area under the curve (AUC) of the Train and Test groups were 0.996 and 0.863, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our research revealed the potential functions and pathways implicated in the progression of HF, and designed an RNA diagnostic model for HF tissues using machine learning and artificial neural networks. Sensitivity, specificity, and stability were confirmed by ROC curves in the two different cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, 36 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Experimental Center of Morphology, College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoli Yan
- Experimental Center of Morphology, College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Da-Guang Fang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, 36 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Fangliang Li
- Experimental Center of Morphology, College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, 36 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Experimental Center of Morphology, College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Zengbin Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, 36 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China.
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16
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Mishra S, Kumar A, Kim S, Su Y, Singh S, Sharma M, Almousa S, Rather HA, Jain H, Lee J, Furdui CM, Ahmad S, Ferrario CM, Punzi HA, Chuang CC, Wabitsch M, Kritchevsky SB, Register TC, Deep G. A Liquid Biopsy-Based Approach to Isolate and Characterize Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Blood. ACS NANO 2023; 17:10252-10268. [PMID: 37224410 PMCID: PMC10713009 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for multiple chronic diseases. Anthropometric and imaging approaches are primarily used to assess adiposity, and there is a dearth of techniques to determine the changes in adipose tissue (AT) at the molecular level. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel and less invasive source of biomarkers for various pathologies. Furthermore, the possibility of enriching cell or tissue-specific EVs from the biofluids based on their unique surface markers has led to classifying these vesicles as "liquid biopsies", offering valuable molecular information on hard-to-access tissues. Here, we isolated small EVs from AT (sEVAT) of lean and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, identified unique surface proteins on sEVAT by surface shaving followed by mass spectrometry, and developed a signature of five unique proteins. Using this signature, we pulled out sEVAT from the blood of mice and validated the specificity of isolated sEVAT by measuring the expression of adiponectin, 38 adipokines on an array, and several adipose tissue-related miRNAs. Furthermore, we provided evidence of sEV applicability in disease prediction by characterizing sEVAT from the blood of lean and DIO mice. Interestingly, sEVAT-DIO cargo showed a stronger pro-inflammatory effect on THP1 monocytes compared to sEVAT-Lean and a significant increase in obesity-associated miRNA expression. Equally important, sEVAT cargo revealed an obesity-associated aberrant amino acid metabolism that was subsequently validated in the corresponding AT. Lastly, we show a significant increase in inflammation-related molecules in sEVAT isolated from the blood of nondiabetic obese (>30 kg/m2) individuals. Overall, the present study offers a less-invasive approach to characterize AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Mishra
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Susy Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Yixin Su
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Mitu Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Sameh Almousa
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Hilal A Rather
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Heetanshi Jain
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Jingyun Lee
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Laboratory of Translational Hypertension, Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Carlos M Ferrario
- Laboratory of Translational Hypertension, Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Henry A Punzi
- Punzi Medical Center, Punzi Institute of Medicine, Carrollton, Texas 75006, United States
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States
| | - Chia-Chi Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm 89069, Germany
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Thomas C Register
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Gagan Deep
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
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17
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Zhou C, Huang YQ, Da MX, Jin WL, Zhou FH. Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles: bridging the communications between obesity and tumor microenvironment. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:92. [PMID: 37289328 PMCID: PMC10250291 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
By the year 2035 more than 4 billion people might be affected by obesity and being overweight. Adipocyte-derived Extracellular Vesicles (ADEVs/ADEV-singular) are essential for communication between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and obesity, emerging as a prominent mechanism of tumor progression. Adipose tissue (AT) becomes hypertrophic and hyperplastic in an obese state resulting in insulin resistance in the body. This modifies the energy supply to tumor cells and simultaneously stimulates the production of pro-inflammatory adipokines. In addition, obese AT has a dysregulated cargo content of discharged ADEVs, leading to elevated amounts of pro-inflammatory proteins, fatty acids, and carcinogenic microRNAs. ADEVs are strongly associated with hallmarks of cancer (proliferation and resistance to cell death, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, immunological response) and may be useful as biomarkers and antitumor therapy strategy. Given the present developments in obesity and cancer-related research, we conclude by outlining significant challenges and significant advances that must be addressed expeditiously to promote ADEVs research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qian Huang
- Department of Center of Medical Cosmetology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610017 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xu Da
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Hai Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000 People’s Republic of China
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18
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Zong N, Chowdhury S, Zhou S, Rajaganapathy S, yu Y, Wang L, Dai Q, Bielinski SJ, Chen Y, Cerhan JR. Artificial Intelligence-based Efficacy Prediction of Phase 3 Clinical Trial for Repurposing Heart Failure Therapies. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.25.23290531. [PMID: 37398384 PMCID: PMC10312819 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.23290531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Drug repurposing involves finding new therapeutic uses for already approved drugs, which can save costs as their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are already known. Predicting efficacy based on clinical endpoints is valuable for designing phase 3 trials and making Go/No-Go decisions, given the potential for confounding effects in phase 2. Objectives This study aims to predict the efficacy of the repurposed Heart Failure (HF) drugs for the Phase 3 Clinical Trial. Methods Our study presents a comprehensive framework for predicting drug efficacy in phase 3 trials, which combines drug-target prediction using biomedical knowledgebases with statistical analysis of real-world data. We developed a novel drug-target prediction model that uses low-dimensional representations of drug chemical structures and gene sequences, and biomedical knowledgebase. Furthermore, we conducted statistical analyses of electronic health records to assess the effectiveness of repurposed drugs in relation to clinical measurements (e.g., NT-proBNP). Results We identified 24 repurposed drugs (9 with a positive effect and 15 with a non-positive) for heart failure from 266 phase 3 clinical trials. We used 25 genes related to heart failure for drug-target prediction, as well as electronic health records (EHR) from the Mayo Clinic for screening, which contained over 58,000 heart failure patients treated with various drugs and categorized by heart failure subtypes. Our proposed drug-target predictive model performed exceptionally well in all seven tests in the BETA benchmark compared to the six cutting-edge baseline methods (i.e., best performed in 266 out of 404 tasks). For the overall prediction of the 24 drugs, our model achieved an AUCROC of 82.59% and PRAUC (average precision) of 73.39%. Conclusion The study demonstrated exceptional results in predicting the efficacy of repurposed drugs for phase 3 clinical trials, highlighting the potential of this method to facilitate computational drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansu Zong
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shaika Chowdhury
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shibo Zhou
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sivaraman Rajaganapathy
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yue yu
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Liewei Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Qiying Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Yongbin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James R. Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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19
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Li B, Feng Q, Yu C, Yang J, Qin X, Li X, Cao J, Xu X, Yang C, Jin Y. Predictive value of serum HIF-1α and VEGF for arrhythmia in acute coronary syndrome patients. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:685-690. [PMID: 37350444 PMCID: PMC10291207 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231171902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been widely used in the alleviation of myocardial ischemia in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia (RA) after PCI is high, which seriously affects the prognosis of ACS patients. Therefore, this study aimed to study the predictive value of serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels before PCI for RA in ACS patients post PCI. A total of 200 ACS patients who underwent PCI were selected and divided into those with RA after PCI (RA, n = 93) and those without RA after PCI (non-RA, n = 107) according to Lown grade. Spearman correlation analysis was applied for the relationship between serum hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and Lown grade. Patients with RA after PCI tended to have higher levels of creatine kinase muscle and brain isoenzyme (CK-MB), serum HIF-1α and VEGF before surgery. Low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), high CK-MB, high serum VEGF and HIF-1α were risk factors for RA in ACS patients within 24 h after PCI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels could predict RA in ACS patients after PCI, and the combined detection could increase the sensitivity of single HIF-1α detection and the specificity of single VEGF detection. Lown grade was positively correlated with the serum HIF-1α and VEGF concentrations. In conclusion, serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels before PCI are risk factors for the occurrence of RA in ACS patients after PCI, and have certain predictive values for the occurrence of RA in ACS patients after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Qiuting Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jianing Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Chenjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi 214002, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
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20
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Li W, Chen W. Weight cycling based on altered immune microenvironment as a result of metaflammation. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:13. [PMID: 36814270 PMCID: PMC9945679 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00731-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As a result of the obesity epidemic, more people are concerned about losing weight; however, weight regain is common, leading to repeated weight loss and weight cycling. The health benefits of early weight loss are nullified by weight regain after weight cycling, which has much more severe metabolic consequences. Weight cycling alters body composition, resulting in faster fat recovery and slower muscle reconstruction. This evident fat accumulation, muscle loss, and ectopic fat deposition destroy the intestinal barrier, increase the permeability of the small intestinal epithelium, and cause the lipotoxicity of lipid metabolites and toxins to leak into extraintestinal tissues and circulation. It causes oxidative stress and hypoxia in local tissues and immune cell infiltration in various tissues, all contributing to the adaptation to this metabolic change. Immune cells transmit inflammatory responses in adipose and skeletal muscle tissue by secreting cytokines and adipokines, which mediate immune cell pathways and cause metaflammation and inefficient metabolic degradation. In this review, we focus on the regulatory function of the immunological microenvironment in the final metabolic outcome, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular processes of local and systemic metaflammation induced by weight cycling-induced changes in body composition. Metaflammation in adipose and muscle tissues that is difficult to relieve may cause weight cycling. As this chronic low-grade inflammation spreads throughout the body, metabolic complications associated with weight cycling are triggered. Inhibiting the onset and progression of metabolic inflammation and enhancing the immune microenvironment of adipose and muscle tissues may be the first step in addressing weight cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyang Li
- grid.413106.10000 0000 9889 6335Department of Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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21
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Granieri MC, Rocca C, De Bartolo A, Nettore IC, Rago V, Romeo N, Ceramella J, Mariconda A, Macchia PE, Ungaro P, Sinicropi MS, Angelone T. Quercetin and Its Derivative Counteract Palmitate-Dependent Lipotoxicity by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Cardiomyocytes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3492. [PMID: 36834186 PMCID: PMC9958705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac lipotoxicity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related cardiovascular disease. The flavonoid quercetin (QUE), a nutraceutical compound that is abundant in the "Mediterranean diet", has been shown to be a potential therapeutic agent in cardiac and metabolic diseases. Here, we investigated the beneficial role of QUE and its derivative Q2, which demonstrates improved bioavailability and chemical stability, in cardiac lipotoxicity. To this end, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were pre-treated with QUE or Q2 and then exposed to palmitate (PA) to recapitulate the cardiac lipotoxicity occurring in obesity. Our results showed that both QUE and Q2 significantly attenuated PA-dependent cell death, although QUE was effective at a lower concentration (50 nM) when compared with Q2 (250 nM). QUE decreased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an important indicator of cytotoxicity, and the accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets triggered by PA. On the other hand, QUE protected cardiomyocytes from PA-induced oxidative stress by counteracting the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl groups (which are indicators of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, respectively) and intracellular ROS generation, and by improving the enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Pre-treatment with QUE also significantly attenuated the inflammatory response induced by PA by reducing the release of key proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α). Similar to QUE, Q2 (250 nM) also significantly counteracted the PA-provoked increase in intracellular lipid droplets, LDH, and MDA, improving SOD activity and decreasing the release of IL-1β and TNF-α. These results suggest that QUE and Q2 could be considered potential therapeutics for the treatment of the cardiac lipotoxicity that occurs in obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta Granieri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Naomi Romeo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale (IEOS) “Gaetano Salvatore”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126 Bologna, Italy
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22
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Sun Q, Zhao J, Liu L, Wang X, Gu X. Identification of the potential biomarkers associated with circadian rhythms in heart failure. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14734. [PMID: 36699999 PMCID: PMC9869779 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome with multiple clinical symptoms resulting from damage to the heart's structure and/or function with various pathogenic factors, which has developed as one of the most severe threats to human health. Approximately 13% of genes and about 8% of proteins contained in the heart are rhythmic, which could lead to HF if disrupted. Herein, we aimed to identify the circadian rhythms-related hub genes as potential biomarkers contributing to the identification and treatment of HF. Methods Expression data of ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy samples with or without HF were collected from the GEO database. First, genes with differential expression in HF and healthy samples were identified, named as differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were then intersected with circadian rhythms-related genes to identify circadian rhythms-related DEGs. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established to screen hub genes. The performance of the hub genes to identify HF among healthy controls was assessed by referring to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was run to further validate the hub genes depending on clinical human peripheral blood samples. Results A total of 10,163 DEGs were determined, composed of 4,615 up-regulated genes and 5,548 down-regulated genes in HF patients in comparison to healthy controls. By overlapping the circadian rhythms-related genes in the Circadian Gene DataBase (CGDB), 723 circadian rhythms-related DEGs were obtained, mainly enriched in regulating lipid metabolic process, circadian rhythm and AMPK signaling pathway. Eight hub genes were screened out through the PPI network. The ROC curve indicated the high accuracy of five hub genes with AUC > 0.7, which also showed high accuracy validated by the external validation dataset. Furthermore, according to the results of quantitative RT-PCR, the HF group showed significantly increased relative mRNA expression of CRY2 and BHLHE41 while the decreased ARNTL and NPAS2 in comparison to controls, indicating the four hub genes as potential biomarkers of HF. Conclusion Our study validated that ARNTL, CRY2, BHLHE41 and NPAS2 could serve as potential biomarkers of circadian rhythm in HF. These results may provide a reference for employing novel markers or targets for the diagnosis and treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xinshun Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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23
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Li H, Gao L, Shao H, Li B, Zhang C, Sheng H, Zhu L. Elucidation of active ingredients and mechanism of action of hawthorn in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14457. [PMID: 36200679 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hawthorn (HT), a functional food and medicinal herb for centuries in China, has potential preventive and therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis (AS). However, the mechanisms and active ingredients of HT in the prevention and treatment of AS are unclear. This study aimed to reveal active components and mechanism of HT in the prevention and treatment of AS using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS and network pharmacology. A total of 50 compounds were identified by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS. Six core targets and six active compounds were obtained by network pharmacology. Apigenin, luteolin, chrysin, quercetin, oleanic acid, and corosolic acid were the active components in the prevention and treatment of AS, and core targets included SRC, HSP90AA1, MAPK3, EGFR, HRAS, and AKT1. The key signaling pathways involved are MAPK, HIF-1, NF-kappa B, PI3K-Akt, TNF, Rap1, Ras, and VEGF signaling pathways. Further molecular docking results indicated that the six active compounds had strong hydrogen bonding ability with the six core targets. On the molecular level, HT may regulate AS by controlling cell survival and proliferation, reducing the levels of enzymes HMG-CoA reductase and lipoprotein lipase and inhibiting inflammatory response. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: HT can serve as "medicine-food homology" for dietary supplement and exert potential preventive and therapeutic effects on AS. However, the mechanisms of HT in the prevention and treatment of AS are unclear. This study describes a rapid method of detecting and identifying the components and mechanism of HT based on LC-MS and network pharmacology, which provides a theoretical and scientific support for further application of HT and guidance for the research of other herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huili Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bingqian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huagang Sheng
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Liqiao Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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24
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Li C, Qin D, Hu J, Yang Y, Hu D, Yu B. Inflamed adipose tissue: A culprit underlying obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Front Immunol 2022; 13:947147. [PMID: 36483560 PMCID: PMC9723346 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is increasing in patients with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and in the aging population. However, there is a lack of adequate clinical treatment. Patients with obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction display unique pathophysiological and phenotypic characteristics, suggesting that obesity could be one of its specific phenotypes. There has been an increasing recognition that overnutrition in obesity causes adipose tissue expansion and local and systemic inflammation, which consequently exacerbates cardiac remodeling and leads to the development of obese heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Furthermore, overnutrition leads to cellular metabolic reprogramming and activates inflammatory signaling cascades in various cardiac cells, thereby promoting maladaptive cardiac remodeling. Growing evidence indicates that the innate immune response pathway from the NLRP3 inflammasome, to interleukin-1 to interleukin-6, is involved in the generation of obesity-related systemic inflammation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. This review established the existence of obese heart failure with preserved ejection fraction based on structural and functional changes, elaborated the inflammation mechanisms of obese heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, proposed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation may play an important role in adiposity-induced inflammation, and summarized the potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Donglu Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiarui Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Die Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bilian Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Bilian Yu,
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25
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Zhan Q, Peng W, Wang S, Gao J. Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Exercise, and Medical Therapies. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:310-326. [PMID: 36171526 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for more than one-half of total heart failure cases, with a high prevalence and poor prognosis, especially in older and female patients. Patients with HFpEF are characterized by hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction, and the main symptoms are dyspnea and exercise intolerance. HFpEF is currently poorly studied, and pharmacological treatment for HFpEF is still underexplored. Accumulating clinical trials have shown that exercise could exert benefits on diastolic dysfunction and quality of life in patients with HFpEF. However, there is a high limitation for applying exercise therapy due to exercise intolerance in patients with HFpEF. Key effectors of exercise-protection could be novel therapeutic targets for developing drugs to prevent and treat HFpEF. In this review article, we provide an overview of the pathogenic factors, diagnostic methods, research animal models, the mechanisms of exercise-mediated cardiac protection, and current treatments for HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Zhan
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Juan Gao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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26
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The human hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha gene in anthracycline-induced heart failure. COR ET VASA 2022. [DOI: 10.33678/cor.2022.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Xiong S, Tan J, Wang Y, He J, Hu F, Wu X, Liu Z, Lin S, Li X, Chen Z, Mao R. Fibrosis in fat: From other diseases to Crohn’s disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935275. [PMID: 36091035 PMCID: PMC9453038 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Creeping fat is a specific feature of Crohn’s disease (CD) and is characterized by mesenteric fat wrapping around the intestine. It highly correlates with intestinal transmural inflammation, muscular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and stricture formation. However, the pathogenesis of creeping fat remains unclear. Molecular crosstalk exists between mesenteric fat and the intestine. Indeed, creeping fat contains different types of cells, including adipocytes and immune cells. These cell types can produce various cytokines, fatty acids, and growth factors, which affect the mesenteric fat function and modulate intestinal inflammation and immunity. Moreover, adipocyte progenitors can produce extracellular matrix to adapt to fat expansion. Previous studies have shown that fat fibrosis is an important feature of adipose tissue malfunction and exists in other diseases, including metabolic disorders, cancer, atrial fibrillation, and osteoarthritis. Furthermore, histological sections of CD showed fibrosis in the creeping fat. However, the role of fibrosis in the mesenteric fat of CD is not well understood. In this review, we summarized the possible mechanisms of fat fibrosis and its impact on other diseases. More specifically, we illustrated the role of various cells (adipocyte progenitors, macrophages, mast cells, and group 1 innate lymphoid cells) and molecules (including hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, platelet-derived growth factor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma) in the pathogenesis of fat fibrosis in other diseases to understand the role of creeping fat fibrosis in CD pathogenesis. Future research will provide key information to decipher the role of fat fibrosis in creeping fat formation and intestinal damage, thereby helping us identify novel targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinshen He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zishan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuehua Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ren Mao, ; Zhihui Chen,
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huidong People’s Hospital, Huizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ren Mao, ; Zhihui Chen,
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28
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Huang Y, Wang J, Wu J, Gu TW, Ti TL, Chen S. Activating Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 α Reduces Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice Through Hexokinase II. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To verify that HIF-1α/HKII pathway is the key mechanism to alleviate myocardial ischemiareperfusion (IR) injury in aged mice through HIF-1α and HKII inhibitors. A mouse I/R model was carried out in young and old C57BL/6 mice for 60 min and reperfusion for 120
min. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with AAV-9 virus to introduce HIF-1α 24 h before ischemia. After 2 h of reperfusion, the mitochondrial ultrastructure, ATP content, membrane potential, and protein expression of HIF-1α, LC3, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspese-9, Caspase-3,
and Cyt-3 were detected. After 24 h, the myocardial infarction area and cardiac ability were evaluated. Young mice and old mice have different protective effects after acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. After the introduction of HIF-1α by AAV-9 virus, the expression of the downstream
target gene HKII can be up-regulated. At the same time, it reduces the expression of key proteins LC3, Bax, Caspese-9, and Caspase-3. Stabilize the membrane potential, ultimately reduce the area of myocardial infarction and improve heart function. Young mice and old mice have different protective
effects after acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. The I/R in the older is caused by HIF-1α. HIF-1α inhibits the opening of mPTP by up-regulating HKII, stabilizes mitochondrial membrane potential, protects mitochondrial integrity, and reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion
damage to the myocardium of elderly mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Huang
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Jianjiang Wu
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Tai Wan Gu
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Tai Lai Ti
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
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29
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Zeng CY, Wang XF, Hua FZ. HIF-1α in Osteoarthritis: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Implications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927126. [PMID: 35865944 PMCID: PMC9294386 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common age-related joint degenerative disease. Pain, swelling, brief morning stiffness, and functional limitations are its main characteristics. There are still no well-established strategies to cure osteoarthritis. Therefore, better clarification of mechanisms associated with the onset and progression of osteoarthritis is critical to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Chondrocytes exist in a hypoxic environment, and HIF-1α plays a vital role in regulating hypoxic response. HIF-1α responds to cellular oxygenation decreases in tissue regulating survival and growth arrest of chondrocytes. The activation of HIF-1α could regulate autophagy and apoptosis of chondrocytes, decrease inflammatory cytokine synthesis, and regulate the chondrocyte extracellular matrix environment. Moreover, it could maintain the chondrogenic phenotype that regulates glycolysis and the mitochondrial function of osteoarthritis, resulting in a denser collagen matrix that delays cartilage degradation. Thus, HIF-1α is likely to be a crucial therapeutic target for osteoarthritis via regulating chondrocyte inflammation and metabolism. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of hypoxia in the pathogenic mechanisms of osteoarthritis, and focus on a series of therapeutic treatments targeting HIF-1α for osteoarthritis. Further clarification of the regulatory mechanisms of HIF-1α in osteoarthritis may provide more useful clues to developing novel osteoarthritis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Yang Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi-Feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Feng Wang, ; Fu-Zhou Hua,
| | - Fu-Zhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Feng Wang, ; Fu-Zhou Hua,
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Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and diastolic dysfunction (HrEFwDD): Time for a new clinical entity. Int J Cardiol 2022; 363:123-124. [PMID: 35760160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang X, Zhang X. MicroRNA-135b-5p regulates trophoblast cell function by targeting phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 in preeclampsia. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12338-12349. [PMID: 35588255 PMCID: PMC9275860 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2073655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of miR‑135b-5p is lower in patients with preeclampsia (PE) superimposed on chronic hypertension than in healthy controls. However, the function of miR‑135b-5p in PE progression remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of miR‑135b-5p in PE development and its possible mechanism for the first time. HTR8/SVneo cells (trophoblast cell line) were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to mimic PE in vitro. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), forkhead box O3A (FOXO3a), and miR-135b-5p levels were measured using Real-time PCR. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration/invasion were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and transwell assays, respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to determine the levels of several pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. The binding of miR-135b-5p to the PIK3R2-3’ untranslated region (3ʹUTR) was confirmed by bioinformatics analysis and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. H/R exposure greatly upregulated HIF-1α, FOXO3a, and PIK3R2 levels, while downregulating miR-135b-5p levels in HTR8/SVneo cells. H/R exposure resulted in the inhibition of proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and the induction of apoptosis. MiR-135b-5p overexpression reversed the effects of H/R on trophoblast cell function, while miR-135b-5p knockdown enhanced the effects. PIK3R2 knockdown had similar effects as miR-135b-5p overexpression on proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. The effect of miR-135b-5p overexpression on H/R-exposed cells was enhanced by PIK3R2 knockdown. MiR-135b-5p downregulated PIK3R2 expression by pairing with its 3ʹUTR. Therefore, miR-135b-5p may regulate trophoblast function by targeting PIK3R2 in PE and could serve as a novel therapeutic target for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, WuHan FangTai Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Nouraei H, Nouraei H, Rabkin SW. Comparison of Unsupervised Machine Learning Approaches for Cluster Analysis to Define Subgroups of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction with Different Outcomes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9040175. [PMID: 35447735 PMCID: PMC9033031 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection (HFpEF) is a heterogenous condition affecting nearly half of all patients with heart failure (HF). Artificial intelligence methodologies can be useful to identify patient subclassifications with important clinical implications. We sought a comparison of different machine learning (ML) techniques and clustering capabilities in defining meaningful subsets of patients with HFpEF. Three unsupervised clustering strategies, hierarchical clustering, K-prototype, and partitioning around medoids (PAM), were used to identify distinct clusters in patients with HFpEF, based on a wide range of demographic, laboratory, and clinical parameters. The study population had a median age of 77 years, with a female majority, and moderate diastolic dysfunction. Hierarchical clustering produced six groups but two were too small (two and seven cases) to be clinically meaningful. The K-prototype methods produced clusters in which several clinical and biochemical features did not show statistically significant differences and there was significant overlap between the clusters. The PAM methodology provided the best group separations and identified six mutually exclusive groups (HFpEF1-6) with statistically significant differences in patient characteristics and outcomes. Comparison of three different unsupervised ML clustering strategies, hierarchical clustering, K-prototype, and partitioning around medoids (PAM), was performed on a mixed dataset of patients with HFpEF containing clinical and numerical data. The PAM method identified six distinct subsets of patients with HFpEF with different long-term outcomes or mortality. By comparison, the two other clustering algorithms, the hierarchical clustering and K-prototype, were less optimal.
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Remodeling and Fibrosis of the Cardiac Muscle in the Course of Obesity-Pathogenesis and Involvement of the Extracellular Matrix. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084195. [PMID: 35457013 PMCID: PMC9032681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing epidemiological problem, as two-thirds of the adult population are carrying excess weight. It is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarct, and atrial fibrillation). It has also been shown that chronic obesity in people may be a cause for the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), whose components include cellular hypertrophy, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and increased extracellular collagen deposition. Several animal models with induced obesity, via the administration of a high-fat diet, also developed increased heart fibrosis as a result of extracellular collagen accumulation. Excessive collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the course of obesity may increase the stiffness of the myocardium and thereby deteriorate the heart diastolic function and facilitate the occurrence of HFpEF. In this review, we include a rationale for that process, including a discussion about possible putative factors (such as increased renin–angiotensin–aldosterone activity, sympathetic overdrive, hemodynamic alterations, hypoadiponectinemia, hyperleptinemia, and concomitant heart diseases). To address the topic clearly, we include a description of the fundamentals of ECM turnover, as well as a summary of studies assessing collagen deposition in obese individuals.
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Wang P, Zhu P, Yu C, Wu J. The Proliferation and Stemness of Peripheral Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Were Enhanced by Hypoxia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:873662. [PMID: 35634504 PMCID: PMC9134856 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.873662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to address the dilemma of low peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (PBMSC) activity and reduced phenotype in bone or cartilage tissue engineering. Rat PBMSCs (rPBMSCs) were obtained by density gradient centrifugation, and stromal cell characteristics were confirmed by flow cytometry (FCM) and multi-differentiation potential induction experiments. Cell growth curve, viability experiments, and clone formation experiments were performed by [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] (MTS) and cell counting, and the cell cycle was confirmed by cell FCM. The proliferation signal pathway and stemness-related proteins were detected by molecular methods including Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction. CD73, CD90, and CD105 were highly expressed, and CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR were barely expressed in rPBMSCs. rPBMSCs possessed the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes, adipocytes, and osteoblasts under their respective induction conditions. Cell growth curve and viability experiments were performed under hypoxic conditions: 19% O2, 5% O2, and 1% O2. Specifically, 5% O2 accelerated the proliferation and expression of the stemness of PBMSCs. Cycle experiments proved that hypoxia promoted the cell transition from the G1 phase to the S phase. Molecular experiments confirmed that 5% O2 hypoxia significantly elevated the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and β-catenin and simultaneously the expressions of cycle-related genes including CyclinE/CDK2 and stemness-related genes including Nanog and SOX2. The appropriate concentration of hypoxia (i.e., 5% O2) enhanced the proliferation and stemness of rPBMSCs and increased the multidirectional differentiation potential of stromal cells. The proposed culture method could improve the viability and maintain the phenotype of rPBMSCs in cartilage or bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhen Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Pengzhen Wang,
| | - Pingping Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaosheng Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou Red Cross Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou Red Cross Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Barillari G, Bei R, Manzari V, Modesti A. Infection by High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Squamous Pre-Malignant or Malignant Lesions of the Uterine Cervix: A Series of Chained Events? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13543. [PMID: 34948338 PMCID: PMC8703928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing requires static epithelial cells to gradually assume a mobile phenotype through a multi-step process termed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although it is inherently transient and reversible, EMT perdures and is abnormally activated when the epithelium is chronically exposed to pathogens: this event deeply alters the tissue and eventually contributes to the development of diseases. Among the many of them is uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the most frequent malignancy of the female genital system. SCC, whose onset is associated with the persistent infection of the uterine cervix by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), often relapses and/or metastasizes, being resistant to conventional chemo- or radiotherapy. Given that these fearsome clinical features may stem, at least in part, from the exacerbated and long-lasting EMT occurring in the HPV-infected cervix; here we have reviewed published studies concerning the impact that HPV oncoproteins, cellular tumor suppressors, regulators of gene expression, inflammatory cytokines or growth factors, and the interactions among these effectors have on EMT induction and cervical carcinogenesis. It is predictable and desirable that a broader comprehension of the role that EMT inducers play in SCC pathogenesis will provide indications to flourish new strategies directed against this aggressive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 1 via Montellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
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Li L, Xu R, Jiang L, Xu EG, Wang M, Wang J, Li B, Hu M, Zhang L, Wang Y. Effects of Microplastics on Immune Responses of the Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Under Hypoxia. Front Physiol 2021; 12:753999. [PMID: 34621192 PMCID: PMC8490880 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.753999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with marine organisms, research on microplastics (MPs) in freshwater organisms is still less although MPs have been widely found in the freshwater ecosystem. Hypoxia is a ubiquitous issue in freshwater aquaculture, and under such scenarios, the toxic effects of MPs on typical aquaculture fish need to be clarified. In this study, we studied the effects of MPs (polystyrene) on specific growth rate (SGR), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interferon (IFN) in the yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) under hypoxic conditions. After 15 days of exposure, the SGR was not affected by MPs or hypoxia. MPs significantly increased the expressions of HIF-1α and TNF-α but inhibited the expression of IFN at high concentration MPs under normoxia. However, hypoxia significantly inhibited the expression of IL-8 and TNF-α under high MP concentration and low MP concentration, respectively. In addition, MPs had significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on IFN under hypoxia. Surprisingly, a positive correction between HIF-1α and TNF-α was found in fish. Although hypoxia might alleviate the effects of MPs with low concentrations, the interaction of hypoxia and MPs aggravated the negative effects of MPs on immune factors at high concentration MPs. This study provided new insight into the complex effects of hypoxia and MPs on aquatic organisms, and future studies should focus on the cellular pathways of immune cells in fish. Given that MPs could induce the immune response in fish, considerations should be paid to the impacts of MPs on freshwater aquaculture, and hypoxia should be taken into consideration when evaluating the effects of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li'ang Li
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Huai'an Research Centre, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huai'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Xu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Huai'an Research Centre, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huai'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingfeng Jiang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Man Wang
- Huai'an Research Centre, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huai'an, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Huai'an Research Centre, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huai'an, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Fisheries Research Institute, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Huai'an Research Centre, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huai'an, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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Fu M, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Wu W, Sun Y, Zhang X, Tao J, Li Z. MicroRNA-221-3p Suppresses the Microglia Activation and Seizures by Inhibiting of HIF-1α in Valproic Acid-Resistant Epilepsy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:714556. [PMID: 34497517 PMCID: PMC8419275 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.714556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
One-third of patients with epilepsy suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Valproic acid (VPA) is a classic anticonvulsant drug, and its resistance is a crucial predictor of DRE, but the pathogenesis remain unknown. Most patients with VPA-resistant epilepsy appear distinct inflammatory response and local hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is an essential effector molecule of hypoxia and inflammation, and may exert therefore a significant effect on the development of VPA-resistant epilepsy. We systematically assess the significance of HIF-1α on children and mice with VPA-resistant epilepsy, and investigated the micro (mi) RNAs that regulate HIF-1α expression. We established models of VPA-sensitive epilepsy and VPA-resistant epilepsy in mice, and confirmed that they had significant differences in epileptic behavior and electroencephalography data. Through proteomics analysis, we identified that HIF-1α was overexpressed in mice with VPA-resistant epilepsy, and regulated the expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. Increased expression of HIF-1α led to the increase of microglia and induced their polarization from the M2 phenotype to M1 phenotype, which triggered the release of proinflammatory mediators. Bioinformatics analysis of public databases demonstrated that miR-221-3p was reduced in VPA-resistant epilepsy, and negatively regulated HIF-1α expression. Intervention using miR-221-3p mimics reduced HIF-1α expression markedly and suppressed the activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory mediators, which relieved epileptic seizures of VPA-resistant epilepsy. These observations reveal miR-221-3p/HIF-1α as essential component in pathogenesis of VPA-resistant epilepsy which represent therapeutic antiseizure targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Fu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tao
- Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Macrophages are essential components of the immune system and play a role in the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Depending on their origin and phenotype, cardiac macrophages perform various functions. In a steady-state, these cells play a beneficial role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis by defending the body from pathogens and eliminating apoptotic cells, participating in electrical conduction, vessel patrolling, and arterial tone regulation. However, macrophages also take part in adverse cardiac remodeling that could lead to the development and progression of heart failure (HF) in such HF comorbidities as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and myocardial infarction. Nevertheless, studies on detailed mechanisms of cardiac macrophage function are still in progress, and could enable potential therapeutic applications of these cells. This review aims to present the latest reports on the origin, heterogeneity, and functions of cardiac macrophages in the healthy heart and in cardiovascular diseases leading to HF. The potential therapeutic use of macrophages is also briefly discussed.
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Bruno A, Di Sano C, Simon HU, Chanez P, Patti AM, Di Vincenzo S, Dino P, D'Esposito V, Formisano P, Beguinot F, Pace E. Leptin and TGF-β1 Downregulate PREP1 Expression in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Mature Adipocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:700481. [PMID: 34327205 PMCID: PMC8315375 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.700481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is widely recognized as an extremely active endocrine organ producing adipokines as leptin that bridge metabolism and the immune system. Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox (Pbx)-regulating protein-1 (PREP1) is a ubiquitous homeodomain transcription factor involved in the adipogenic differentiation and insulin-sensitivity processes. Leptin, as pleiotropic adipokine, and TGF-β, known to be expressed by primary pre-adipocytes [adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs)] and mature differentiated adipocytes, modulate inflammatory responses. We aimed to assess for the first time if leptin and TGF-β interfere with PREP1 expression in both ASCs and mature differentiated adipocytes. Human ASCs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose liposuction and, after expansion, fully differentiated to mature adipocytes. In both ASCs and adipocytes, leptin and TGF-β1 significantly decreased the expression of PREP1, alone and following concurrent Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation. Moreover, in adipocytes, but not in ASCs, leptin increased TLR4 and IL-33 expression, whereas TGF-β1 enhanced TLR4 and IL-6 expression. Taken together, we provide evidence for a direct regulation of PREP1 by leptin and TGF-β1 in ASCs and mature adipocytes. The effects of leptin and TGF-β1 on immune receptors and cytokines, however, are limited to mature adipocytes, suggesting that modulating immune responses depends on the differentiation of ASCs. Further studies are needed to fully understand the regulation of PREP1 expression and its potential for the development of new therapeutic approaches in obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Bruno
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Di Sano
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Pascal Chanez
- Department of Respiratory Diseases CIC Nord INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Angelo Maria Patti
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vincenzo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Dino
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittoria D'Esposito
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pace
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
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Del Campo A, Perez G, Castro PF, Parra V, Verdejo HE. Mitochondrial function, dynamics and quality control in the pathophysiology of HFpEF. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166208. [PMID: 34214606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of hospitalization for the adult population and a major cause of mortality worldwide. The HF syndrome is characterized by the heart's inability to supply the cardiac output required to meet the body's metabolic requirements or only at the expense of elevated filling pressures. HF without overt impairment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was initially labeled as "diastolic HF" until recognizing the coexistence of both systolic and diastolic abnormalities in most cases. Acknowledging these findings, the preferred nomenclature is HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). This syndrome primarily affects the elderly population and is associated with a heterogeneous overlapping of comorbidities that makes its diagnosis challenging. Despite extensive research, there is still no evidence-based therapy for HFpEF, reinforcing the need for a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology underlying its onset and progression. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in developing the pathophysiological changes that accompany HFpEF onset and progression (low-grade systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and myocardial remodeling) has just begun to be acknowledged. This review summarizes our current understanding of the participation of the mitochondrial network in the pathogenesis of HFpEF, with particular emphasis on the signaling pathways involved, which may provide future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Del Campo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Perez
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile
| | - Valentina Parra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Autophagy Research Center, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Network for the Study of High-lethality Cardiopulmonary Diseases (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile.
| | - Hugo E Verdejo
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile.
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Sun P, Wang Y, Ding Y, Luo J, Zhong J, Xu N, Zhang Y, Xie W. Canagliflozin attenuates lipotoxicity in cardiomyocytes and protects diabetic mouse hearts by inhibiting the mTOR/HIF-1α pathway. iScience 2021; 24:102521. [PMID: 34142035 PMCID: PMC8188479 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipotoxicity plays an important role in the development of diabetic heart failure (HF). Canagliflozin (CAN), a marketed sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, has significantly beneficial effects on HF. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects and mechanism of CAN in the hearts of C57BL/6J mice induced by high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) for 12 weeks in vivo and in HL-1 cells (a type of mouse cardiomyocyte line) induced by palmitic acid (PA) in vitro. The results showed that CAN significantly ameliorated heart functions and inflammatory responses in the hearts of the HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice. CAN significantly attenuated the inflammatory injury induced by PA in the HL-1 cells. Furthermore, CAN seemed to bind to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and then inhibit mTOR phosphorylation and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression. These results indicated that CAN might attenuate lipotoxicity in cardiomyocytes by inhibiting the mTOR/HIF-1α pathway and then show protective effects on diabetic hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Sun
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yipei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Naihan Xu
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yaou Zhang
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weidong Xie
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Lab in Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author
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Li Z, Zhang J, Wang M, Qiu F, Jin C, Fu G. Expression of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is increased in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1393-1403. [PMID: 33595160 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS)-catalyzed isoprenoid intermediates are involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. This study investigated the specific role of FPPS in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We demonstrated that FPPS expression was elevated in both in vivo and in vitro models of diabetic cardiomyopathy. FPPS inhibition decreased the expression of proteins related to cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocytic hypertrophy, including collagen I, collagen III, connective tissue growth factor, natriuretic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, and β-myosin heavy chain. Furthermore, FPPS inhibition and knockdown prevented phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) activation in vitro. In addition, a JNK1/2 inhibitor downregulated high-glucose-induced responses to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Finally, immunofluorescence revealed that cardiomyocytic size was elevated by high glucose and was decreased by zoledronate, small-interfering farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (siFPPS), and a JNK1/2 inhibitor. Taken together, our findings indicate that FPPS and JNK1/2 may be part of a signaling pathway that plays an important role in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jiefang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Fuyu Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Chongyin Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
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43
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Wu Y, Wang H, Li Z, Cheng J, Fang R, Cao H, Cui Y. Subtypes identification on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction via network enhancement fusion using multi-omics data. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1567-1578. [PMID: 33868594 PMCID: PMC8039555 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with multiple etiologic and pathophysiologic factors. HFpEF leads to significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There are various reasons that fail to identify effective therapeutic interventions for HFpEF, primarily due to its clinical heterogeneity causing significant difficulties in determining physiologic and prognostic implications for this syndrome. Thus, identifying clinical subtypes using multi-omics data has great implications for efficient treatment and prognosis of HFpEF patients. Here we proposed to integrate mRNA, DNA methylation and microRNA (miRNA) expression data of HFpEF with a similarity network fusion (SNF) method following a network enhancement (ne-SNF) denoising technique to form a fused network. A spectral clustering method was then used to obtain clusters of patient subtypes. Experiments on HFpEF datasets demonstrated that ne-SNF significantly outperforms single data subtype analysis and other integrated methods. The identified subgroups were shown to have statistically significant differences in survival. Two HFpEF subtypes were defined: a high-risk group (16.8%) and a low-risk group (83.2%). The 5-year mortality rates were 63.3% and 33.0% for the high- and low-risk group, respectively. After adjusting for the effects of clinical covariates, HFpEF patients in the high-risk group were 2.43 times more likely to die than the low-risk group. A total of 157 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 2199 abnormal methylations and 121 DE miRNAs were identified between two subtypes. They were also enriched in many HFpEF-related biological processes or pathways. The ne-SNF method provides a novel pipeline for subtype identification in integrated analysis of multi-omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Wu
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Hematology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jinfang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Ruiling Fang
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China.,Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Disease Risk Assessment, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Yuehua Cui
- Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Nouraei H, Rabkin SW. A new approach to the clinical subclassification of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol 2021; 331:138-143. [PMID: 33529665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heart failure with preserved ejection (HFpEF) represents nearly half of all patients with heart failure (HF). The objective of this study was to determine whether patient characteristics identify discrete kinds of HFpEF. METHODS Data were collected on 196 patients with HFpEF in a non-hospitalized setting. Clinical and laboratory variables were collected, and 47 candidate variables were examined by the unsupervised clustering strategy partitioning around medoids. The Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC) risk score was calculated. Follow-up data on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and HF exacerbation, were collected and were not part of the data used to identify subgroups. RESULTS Six significantly different groups or clusters were found. There were three groups of women (i) individuals with a low proportion of vascular risk factors (HFpEF1) (ii) individuals with a high proportion of hypertension and diabetes, but lower proportion of kidney disease and diastolic dysfunction (HFpEF3) (iii) older individuals with high rates of atrial fibrillation (AF), chronic kidney disease. They had the worst long-term outcomes (HFpEF4). There were three groups of men (i) individuals with a high proportion of coronary artery disease (CAD), dyslipidemia, higher serum creatinine, and diastolic dysfunction (HFpEF2)(ii) individuals with highest BMI, and high proportion of CAD, obstructive sleep apnea, and poorly controlled diabetes (HFpEF5) (iii) individuals with high rates of AF, elevated BNP, biventricular remodeling (HFpEF6). They had a high cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSIONS HFpEF consists of a heterogenous group of individuals with six distinct clinical subsets that have different long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirmand Nouraei
- University of British Columbia, Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Vancouver, B.C, Canada
| | - Simon W Rabkin
- University of British Columbia, Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Vancouver, B.C, Canada.
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45
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Song B, Zhang C, Hu W, Guo C, Xia Z, Hu W, Qin M, Jiang W, Lv J, Xu D, Zhang S, Fang J. Nano-designed carbon monoxide donor SMA/CORM2 exhibits protective effect against acetaminophen induced liver injury through macrophage reprograming and promoting liver regeneration. J Control Release 2021; 331:350-363. [PMID: 33482271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) induced liver injury is the most common drug-induced liver injury, accounting for the top cause of acute liver failure in the United State, however the therapeutic options for it is very limited. Excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent inflammatory responses are the major factors of the liver injury. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important gaseous molecule with versatile functions including anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, and we previous reported the therapeutic potential of a nano-designed CO donor SMA/CORM2 in a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) induced mouse colitis model. In this context, we investigated the effect of SMA/CORM2 in an APAP-induced mouse acute liver injury model and tackled the mechanisms involved. We found upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, endogenous CO generating enzyme) and the dynamic changes of macrophage polarization (pro-inflammatory M1/anti-inflammatory M2), which played important roles in the process of live injury. SMA/CORM2 treatment remarkably increased the CO levels in the liver and circulation, by which oxidative stresses in the liver were significantly reduced, and more importantly, it remarkably suppressed the expression of M1 macrophages but alternatively increased M2 polarization. Consequently the liver injury was significantly ameliorated, and the proliferation and regeneration were greatly promoted through the Pi3k/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The shift of macrophage polarization accompanied with the downregulated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) level. These findings suggested CO released from SMA/CORM2 manipulated the macrophage reprogramming toward M2 phenotype by inhibiting HIF-1α, which subsequently protected liver against inflammatory injury and benefited tissue repair. Moreover, compared to native CORM2, SMA/CORM2 exhibited superior bioavailability and protective effect. We thus anticipate the application of SMA/CORM2 as a therapeutic regimen for APAP induced liver injury as well as other inflammatory diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdong Song
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Weirong Hu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chunyu Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Zhengmei Xia
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Wanxia Hu
- School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, No.81, MeiShan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mingqiang Qin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Weiying Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jinwei Lv
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Dexiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle / Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
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Zhang K, Qin X, Wen P, Wu Y, Zhuang J. Systematic analysis of molecular mechanisms of heart failure through the pathway and network-based approach. Life Sci 2020; 265:118830. [PMID: 33259868 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The molecular networks and pathways involved in heart failure (HF) are still largely unknown. The present study aimed to systematically investigate the genes associated with HF, comprehensively explore their interactions and functions, and identify possible regulatory networks involved in HF. MAIN METHODS The weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), crosstalk analysis, and Pivot analysis were used to identify gene connections, interaction networks, and molecular regulatory mechanisms. Functional analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) were performed using DAVID and STRING databases. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were also performed to evaluate the relationship of the hub genes with HF. KEY FINDINGS A total of 5968 HF-related genes were obtained to construct the co-expression networks, and 18 relatively independent and closely linked modules were identified. Pivot analysis suggested that four transcription factors and five noncoding RNAs were involved in regulating the process of HF. The genes in the module with the highest positive correlation to HF was mainly enriched in cardiac remodeling and response to stress. Five upregulated hub genes (ASPN, FMOD, NT5E, LUM, and OGN) were identified and validated. Furthermore, the GSVA scores of the five hub genes for HF had a relatively high areas under the curve (AUC). SIGNIFICANCE The results of this study revealed specific molecular networks and their potential regulatory mechanisms involved in HF. These may provide new insight into understanding the mechanisms underlying HF and help to identify more effective therapeutic targets for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianyu Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengju Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueheng Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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47
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Metabolic Syndrome and Abnormal Peri-Organ or Intra-Organ Fat (APIFat) Deposition in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Overview. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110465. [PMID: 33203192 PMCID: PMC7696438 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disorder with an increasing prevalence, characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. Systemic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of COPD and can also predispose to metabolic disorders (e.g., metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)). Such comorbidities can negatively affect COPD outcomes, cardiovascular risk, and quality of life. Apart from NAFLD, abnormal peri-organ or intra-organ fat (APIFat) could be considered as markers for cardiometabolic diseases and even for COPD. The present narrative review considers the associations of COPD with MetS, NAFLD, and other APIFat, including epicardial, perirenal, peripancreatic, and intramuscular adipose tissue. Further research is needed to define these relationships and identify any potential clinical implications.
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Long-term atorvastatin or the combination of atorvastatin and nicotinamide ameliorate insulin resistance and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in a murine model of obesity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 402:115132. [PMID: 32659285 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Current studies aimed at investigating the association between atorvastatin therapy and insulin resistance (IR) appear to be controversial. IR is considered to be an important contributor to inducing cardiac dysfunction through multiple signals. The paradoxical cardiotoxicity of atorvastatin reported under different conditions suggests that the association between atorvastatin treatment, insulin resistance and cardiac function should be clarified further. In this study, C57BL/6 J male mice were fed a high-fat diet (HD) or standard chow diet (SD) for 12 weeks and subsequently randomly divided into four groups: the SD-Control (SD-C) and HD-Control (HD-C) groups treated with saline for 10 months and the HD-A and HD-A + N groups treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/kg/day) alone or atorvastatin combined with nicotinamide (NAM, 1 g/kg/day) for 10 months. Although no significant changes in systolic function and structure were observed between the four groups of mice at an age of 46 or 58 weeks, respectively, long-term treatment with atorvastatin alone or atorvastatin and NAM combination significantly retarded the HD-induced IR and diastolic dysfunction and attenuated both cardiac and hepatic fibrosis in obese mice possibly by regulating the cleavage of osteopontin and then controlling profibrotic activity. Changes in cardiac function and structure were similar between the HD-A and HD-A + N groups; however, mice in the HD-A + N group exhibited better glucose control and marked reduction in body weight and hepatic lipid accumulation. Thus, these results suggest that long-term treatment with atorvastatin or the combination of atorvastatin and nicotinamide may be alternative therapies due to their beneficial effects on IR and diastolic function.
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Effects and Mechanisms of Five Psoralea Prenylflavonoids on Aging-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2128513. [PMID: 32655760 PMCID: PMC7320294 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2128513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During the aging process, senescent cells gradually accumulate in the organs; they secrete proinflammatory cytokines and other factors, collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP secretions contribute to “inflammaging,” which is a state of chronic, systemic, sterility, low-grade inflammatory microenvironment and a key risk factor in the development of aging-related diseases. Fructus psoraleae is a traditional Chinese medical herb best known for delaying aging and treating osteoporosis. Prenylflavonoids from fructus psoraleae are the main bioactive compounds responsible for its pharmacological applications, such as beaching, bavachinin, bavachalcone, isobavachalcone, and neobavaisoflavone. In previous decades, there have been some promising studies on the pharmacology of fructus psoraleae. Here, we focus on the anti-inflammatory and antiaging diseases of five psoralea prenylflavonoids, such as cardiovascular protection, diabetes and obesity intervention, neuroprotection, and osteoporosis, and discuss the mechanism of these active ingredients for better understanding the material basis and drug application of fructus psoraleae in Chinese medicine.
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50
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Li X, Zhang Q, Nasser MI, Xu L, Zhang X, Zhu P, He Q, Zhao M. Oxygen homeostasis and cardiovascular disease: A role for HIF? Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110338. [PMID: 32526454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, the decline of tissue oxygen stress, plays a role in mediating cellular processes. Cardiovascular disease, relatively widespread with increased mortality, is closely correlated with oxygen homeostasis regulation. Besides, hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1) is reported to be a crucial component in regulating systemic hypoxia-induced physiological and pathological modifications like oxidative stress, damage, angiogenesis, vascular remodeling, inflammatory reaction, and metabolic remodeling. In addition, HIF1 controls the movement, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and activity of numerous core cells, such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and macrophages. Here we review the molecular regulation of HIF-1 in cardiovascular diseases, intended to improve therapeutic approaches for clinical diagnoses. Better knowledge of the oxygen balance control and the signal mechanisms involved is important to advance the development of hypoxia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Quyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - M I Nasser
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Linyong Xu
- Xiangya School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China.
| | - Qingnan He
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China.
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China.
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