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Jakicic JM, Apovian CM, Barr-Anderson DJ, Courcoulas AP, Donnelly JE, Ekkekakis P, Hopkins M, Lambert EV, Napolitano MA, Volpe SL. Physical Activity and Excess Body Weight and Adiposity for Adults. American College of Sports Medicine Consensus Statement. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:2076-2091. [PMID: 39277776 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Excessive body weight and adiposity contribute to many adverse health concerns. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recognizes that the condition of excess body weight and adiposity is complex, with numerous factors warranting consideration. The ACSM published a position stand on this topic in 2001 with an update in 2009, and a consensus paper on the role of physical activity in the prevention of weight gain in 2019. This current consensus paper serves as an additional update to those prior ACSM position and consensus papers. The ACSM supports the inclusion of physical activity in medical treatments (pharmacotherapy, metabolic and bariatric surgery) of excess weight and adiposity, as deemed to be medically appropriate, and provides perspectives on physical activity within these therapies. For weight loss and prevention of weight gain, the effects may be most prevalent when physical activity is progressed in an appropriate manner to at least 150 min·wk-1 of moderate-intensity physical activity, and these benefits occur in a dose-response manner. High-intensity interval training does not appear to be superior to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for body weight regulation, and light-intensity physical activity may also be an alternative approach provided it is of sufficient energy expenditure. Evidence does not support that any one single mode of physical activity is superior to other modes for the prevention of weight gain or weight loss, and to elicit holistic health benefits beyond the effects on body weight and adiposity, multimodal physical activity should be recommended. The interaction between energy expenditure and energy intake is complex, and the effects of exercise on the control of appetite are variable between individuals. Physical activity interventions should be inclusive and tailored for sex, self-identified gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, and developmental level. Intervention approaches can also include different forms, channels, and methods to support physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stella L Volpe
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
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Brand R, Sudeck G, Ekkekakis P. Affective experiences from exercise. Youth-adult differences and prediction of exercise behavior. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 76:102755. [PMID: 39343187 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Affective exercise experiences are summative, valenced memories that represent the history of associations between past instances of exercise in an individual's life and pleasant or unpleasant reactions. We used the recently developed Affective Exercise Experiences (AFFEXX) questionnaire to address two important questions in exercise psychology, namely the nature of affective exercise experiences during the childhood-adulthood transition and the relationship between affect and exercise behavior. The first study compared data from 949 adults and 607 children and adolescents, and showed that core affective exercise experiences were associated with different antecedent appraisals in the two groups. Being watched during exercise and perceptions of competence appeared to influence core affective experiences more in children and adolescents than in adults. The second study, using data from a subsample of 94 adults, showed that exercise behavior over 14 days can be predicted by pleasant core affective exercise experiences when they are congruent with strong attraction to exercise. These data highlight the value of theoretically informed research to understand the multifarious affective experiences individuals derive from exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Brand
- Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Seiferth C, Fiedler J, Färber T, Pape M, Schroeder S, Herpertz S, Steins-Loeber S, Wolstein J. Bi-directional associations of core affect and physical activity in adults with higher body weight: An ecological momentary assessment study. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:1115-1128. [PMID: 38284358 PMCID: PMC11344957 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241228202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Affect is known to be predictive of and enhanced by higher physical activity (PA) levels in the general population. This secondary analysis aimed to increase the understanding of the bi-directional relationship between PA and core affect (i.e. valence, energetic arousal, and calmness) among adults with higher body weight. Affect and PA were assessed in naturalistic settings via ecological momentary assessment using a mixed sampling scheme from 157 participants (body mass index: 32.99 ± 3.78 kg/m2). Multilevel models revealed that being more physically active in the 15 minutes prior to the assessment predicted an increase in energetic arousal and a decrease in calmness. Subsequently, feeling more energetic and agitated was associated with increased PA within the following 15 minutes. Valence (i.e. pleasure-displeasure) was not associated with PA nor predictive of subsequent PA. Digital PA interventions may target the enhancement of feelings of energy and present psychoeducation about these distinct psychological benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Magdalena Pape
- LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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Davis ME, Cunningham C, Blake C, O’Donoghue G. Exploring the acceptability of three time-matched exercise interventions for increasing fitness in women living with obesity: A mixed-methods evaluation of the EXOFFIT study. Obes Sci Pract 2024; 10:e70003. [PMID: 39144066 PMCID: PMC11324091 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.70003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The EXOFFIT study compared the effectiveness of three time-matched exercise interventions in women with obesity for improving cardiorespiratory fitness. To best inform future research, evaluation of the interventions' acceptability is needed. Previous research has been inconsistent with methods and reporting of acceptability. Thus, the theoretical framework of acceptability (TFA) can be utilized to ensure that all aspects of acceptability are evaluated. No study to date in women with obesity has utilized the TFA in conjunction with quantitative data (i.e., frequencies of themes) to highlight the aspects of interventions that may be most important for participants. Objective This study aimed to examine the acceptability of the EXOFFIT program and gain insight into the participants' experience of participation, their perspective on the acceptability of trial procedures and interventions and gather their feedback on program changes. Methods A mixed-methods approach was employed. Thirty-eight participants who completed the exercise interventions were interviewed and completed a self-reported exit questionnaire. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed in three phases: emergent themes were agreed upon, then mapped to the TFA constructs and the frequencies of each construct and theme were presented as counts. Data collected from the exit questionnaire were collated and reported using descriptive statistics. Results All seven TFA constructs were identified in the analysis. The EXOFFIT program was found to have a high level of acceptability, with affective attitude, perceived effectiveness and self-efficacy being the most reported constructs. The burden and opportunity costs associated with the program were mainly related to family commitments and support needed to participate. Any negative impact of participation was noted to be outweighed by the perceived benefits. Conclusions The results of this study will inform the development of future programs with women with obesity and support the consideration of the TFA constructs from the outset of study design.Clinical Trial Registration Number: ISRCTN13517067.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Davis
- School of Public HealthPhysiotherapy and Sports ScienceUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublinIreland
| | - Caitriona Cunningham
- School of Public HealthPhysiotherapy and Sports ScienceUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublinIreland
| | | | - Gráinne O’Donoghue
- School of Public HealthPhysiotherapy and Sports ScienceUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublinIreland
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Alsop T, Cassimatis M, Williams KL, Gomersall SR. Perspectives of people with myasthenia gravis on physical activity and experience of physical activity advice from health professionals in the Australian context: a qualitative study. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38613411 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2338877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity is an important modifiable determinant of health. There has been a historical aversion to movement in people with myasthenia gravis (MG) due to the pathophysiology of the disease, however, research suggests engagement in physical activity is safe and does not exacerbate symptoms. There are currently no studies investigating the qualitative perspectives of people with MG on physical activity. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of physical activity, barriers, enablers, and participants' experiences of physical activity advice from health professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were used, with verbatim transcripts analysed using content analysis. RESULTS Ten adults (median age 64.5 years) living in Australia with generalised MG were interviewed. Key findings were identified: (1) Physical activity is perceived to be important for general health and for MG; (2) Medical management and social support are key enablers; (3) Fatigue and pain are potential barriers; and (4) Experiences with healthcare professionals were considered insufficient and failed to provide disease specific advice regarding MG and physical activity. CONCLUSION People with MG have unique barriers and enablers to physical activity engagement that clinicians should consider when providing physical activity behaviour change support to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahlia Alsop
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marianna Cassimatis
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katrina L Williams
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sjaan R Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Zhou F, Zhang H, Wang HY, Liu LF, Zhang XG. Barriers and facilitators to older adult participation in intergenerational physical activity program: a systematic review. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:39. [PMID: 38345651 PMCID: PMC10861697 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intergenerational physical activity program aims to promote the health, social engagement, and well-being of older adults. It is essential to comprehend the barriers and facilitators that affect their involvement to develop successful intervention strategies. This systematic review critically examines available research to identify the factors that impact the participation of older adults in intergenerational physical activity programs. METHODS This study retrieved 13 electronic databases (from January 2000 to March 2023) and used a social-ecological model to classify and analyze the identified facilitators and barriers. RESULTS A total of 12 articles were included, which identified 73 facilitators and 37 barriers. These factors were condensed into 7 primary themes and 14 sub-themes in total. CONCLUSIONS The factors influencing the participation of older adults in intergenerational physical activities are multifaceted. These factors guide project developers, policymakers, and practitioners in developing and implementing intergenerational physical activity programs to help address global aging issues and promote intergenerational connections. TRIAL REGISTRY PROSPERO ID: CRD42023420758.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhou
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Yan Wang
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, 610100, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Feng Liu
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, 610100, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Geng Zhang
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, 610100, Sichuan, China.
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Hamer O, Bray EP, Harris C, Blundell A, Kuroski JA, Schneider E, Watkins C, Clegg A. Psychological interventions for weight reduction and sustained weight reduction in adults with overweight and obesity: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075364. [PMID: 38149427 PMCID: PMC10711885 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overweight and obesity are growing public health problems worldwide. Both diet and physical activity have been the primary interventions for weight reduction over the past decade. With increasing rates of overweight and obesity, it is evident that a primary focus on diet and exercise has not resulted in sustained obesity reduction within the global population. There is now a case to explore other weight management strategies, focusing on psychological factors that may underpin overweight and obesity. Psychological therapy interventions are gaining recognition for their effectiveness in addressing underlying emotional factors and promoting weight loss. However, there is a dearth of literature that has mapped the types of psychological interventions and the characteristics of these interventions as a means of achieving weight reduction and sustained weight reduction in adults with overweight or obesity. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The review will combine the methodology outlined by Arksey and O'Malley with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A total of six databases will be searched using a comprehensive search strategy. Intervention studies will be included if participants are 18 years and over, classified as overweight or obese (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), and have received a psychological therapy intervention. The review will exclude studies that are not available in English, not full text, none peer reviewed or combine a lifestyle and/or pharmacological intervention with a psychological intervention. Data will be synthesised using a narrative synthesis approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required to conduct this scoping review. The findings will be disseminated through journal publication(s), social media and a lay summary for key stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma P Bray
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Cath Harris
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | | | | | - Emma Schneider
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Royse LA, Baker BS, Warne-Griggs MD, Miller K, Weitzel KJ, Ball SD, Duren DL. "It's not time for us to sit down yet": how group exercise programs can motivate physical activity and overcome barriers in inactive older adults. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2216034. [PMID: 37220010 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2216034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity and exercise are critical for older adults' physical and mental health. The purpose of this qualitative study was to richly capture the motivators of and barriers to engaging in physical activity in previously inactive older adults who participated in a three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) of eight-week group exercise interventions. METHODS We conducted a qualitative content analysis of individual interviews with fifteen participants-five from each study arm: strength training, walking, and inactive control. Participants included nine females and six males ranging from 60 to 86 years of age. RESULTS Key motivators of physical activity included perceived improvements in physical and mental health, positive social influences, observed health deterioration in others, and the desire to spend time with and take care of family members. Barriers to physical activity included existing health conditions, fear of getting hurt, negative social influences, perceived lack of time and motivation, inconvenient times and locations, and monetary cost. CONCLUSIONS Our findings add to the body of literature identifying factors that motivate and stand in the way of older adults' engagement in physical activity. These factors influence older adults' self-efficacy and should be incorporated into the design of new and existing programs to encourage initiation and maintenance of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Royse
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Breanne S Baker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Melissa D Warne-Griggs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Missouri Telehealth Network, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kristin Miller
- Office of Extension and Engagement, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kelsey J Weitzel
- Office of Extension and Engagement, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Stephen D Ball
- Office of Extension and Engagement, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Dana L Duren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Awaworyi Churchill S, Asante A. Neighbourhood crime and obesity: Longitudinal evidence from Australia. Soc Sci Med 2023; 337:116289. [PMID: 37832312 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Obesity remains a significant public health concern globally with over one billion adults projected to be obese by 2025. To better understand the drivers of obesity and to inform policy, it is important to explore the factors that influence obesity. OBJECTIVES The objective of this paper to examine if the crime rates in the neighbourhood or local area in which a person lives influences their likelihood of being obese. Thus, we seek to contribute to the literature on the determinants of obesity by asking the question: what is the effect of neighbourhood (i.e., postcode) crime on obesity? We also examine the pathways through which neighbourhood crime influences obesity with a focus on the role of social capital, physical activity and sleep quality. METHODS Using 14 waves of longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey merged with official police statistics on crime rates at the postcode level, we apply identification strategies that address endogeneity arising from endogenous sorting and omitted variable bias. RESULTS We find that an increase in neighbourhood crime rates is associated with an increase in body mass index (BMI) and the likelihood of being obese. Exploring the pathways through which neighbourhood crime influences obesity, we find that social capital and physical activity are important channels, while sleep quality is not. The evidence also suggests that the effects of violent crime are more pronounced compared to property crime. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that targeting crime, and in particular violent crime, which seems to be driving the findings, is a core mechanism for reducing BMI and maintaining healthy body weight. The mediating role of physical activity and social capital also suggest that public policy can specifically target these areas by providing interventions that promote social capital and physical activity even amidst high crime rates.
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Yin M, Chen Z, Nassis GP, Liu H, Li H, Deng J, Li Y. Chronic high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training are both effective in increasing maximum fat oxidation during exercise in overweight and obese adults: A meta-analysis. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:354-365. [PMID: 37701124 PMCID: PMC10494468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective to (1) systematically review the chronic effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on maximal fat oxidation (MFO) in overweight and obese adults, and (2) explore MFO influencing factors and its dose-response relationships with HIIT and MICT. Methods Studies using a between-group design involving overweight and obese adults and assessing the effect of HIIT and MICT on MFO were included. A meta-analysis on MFO indices was conducted, and the observed heterogeneities were explored through subgroup, regression, and sensitivity analyses. Results Thirteen studies of moderate to high quality with a total of 519 overweight and obese subjects were included in this meta-analysis (HIIT, n = 136; MICT, n = 235; Control, n = 148). HIIT displayed a statistically significant favorable effect on MFO compared to no-training (MD = 0.07; 95%CI [0.03 to 0.11]; I2 = 0%). Likewise, MICT displayed a statistically significant favorable effect on MFO compared to no-training (MD = 0.10; 95%CI [0.06 to 0.15]; I2 = 95%). Subgroup and regression analyses revealed that exercise intensity (Fatmax vs. non-Fatmax; %VO2peak), exercise mode, BMI, and VO2peak all significantly moderated MICT on MFO. When analyzing studies that have directly compared HIIT and MCIT in obese people, it seems there is no difference in the MFO change (MD = 0.01; 95%CI [-0.02 to 0.04]; I2 = 64%). No publication bias was found in any of the above meta-analyses (Egger's test p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion Both HIIT and MICT are effective in improving MFO in overweight and obese adults, and they have similar effects. MCIT with an intensity of 65-70% VO2peak, performed 3 times per week for 60 min per session, will optimize MFO increases in overweight and obese adults. Given the lack of studies examining the effect of HIIT on MFO in overweight and obese adults and the great diversity in the training protocols in the existing studies, we were unable to make sound recommendations for training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Yin
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhili Chen
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - George P. Nassis
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hengxian Liu
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Hansen Li
- Department of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianfeng Deng
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongming Li
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
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11
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Iso-Ahola SE. Non-consciously processed physical activity for survival versus consciously deliberated exercise for health. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1181671. [PMID: 37384173 PMCID: PMC10293637 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1181671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans evolved to become dependent on physical activity for their survival, but they have not evolved to exercise today. Because survival in modern society is heavily reliant on conscious thinking, most people (54%) have evolved away from physical activity and become occasional exercisers. This transition from non-conscious to conscious processing prevents people from capitalizing on evolution's wisdom for survival and wellbeing as they consciously deliberate on the utility of health practices to achieve certain outcomes (e.g., weight loss). Unlike in early times, people today have a choice of not engaging in physical activity and yet surviving. As a result, they struggle with the question whether the gains from exercising are greater than losses from not doing it, weighing positive gains and losses against negative gains and losses. Such conscious deliberations, however, can easily be overridden by solving cognitive dissonance (e.g., "exercise is good for my health" vs. "I don't exercise") through conscious rationalizations and non-conscious dismissal. Today's exercise problem can only be solved by individually acquiring the mindset of early times of evolution when the initiation of physical activity was largely a matter of non-conscious thoughts and feelings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seppo E. Iso-Ahola
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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12
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Heriseanu AI, Karin E, Walker J, Scott AJ, Bisby MA, Gandy M, Dudeney J, Fisher A, Titov N, Dear BF. The impact of obesity and overweight on response to internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for adults with chronic health conditions. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:487-495. [PMID: 36869151 PMCID: PMC10212763 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) can improve functioning and reduce psychological distress in people with chronic health conditions. Obesity frequently co-occurs with chronic health conditions, yet its impact on response to psychological interventions in this population is not known. The current study examined associations between BMI and clinical outcomes (depression, anxiety, disability, and satisfaction with life) following a transdiagnostic iCBT program targeting adjustment to chronic illness. METHODS Participants from a large randomised controlled trial, who provided information on height and weight, were included (N = 234; mean age= 48.32, SD = 13.80; mean BMI = 30.43, SD = 8.30, range 16.18-67.52; 86.8% female). The influence of baseline BMI range on treatment outcomes at post-treatment and 3-month follow-up was examined using generalized estimating equations. We also examined changes in BMI and in participants' perceived impact of weight on their health. RESULTS Improvement in all outcomes occurred across BMI ranges; additionally, persons with obesity or overweight generally experienced greater symptom reductions than those within a healthy weight range. A greater proportion of participants with obesity achieved clinically significant change on key outcomes (e.g., depression: 32% [95% CI: 25%, 39%]) than participants with a healthy weight (21% [95% CI: 15%, 26%]) or overweight (24% [95% CI: 18%, 29%], p = 0.016). There were no significant changes in BMI from pre-treatment to 3-month follow-up, however there were significant reductions on the self-rated impact of weight on health. CONCLUSIONS Persons with chronic health conditions and with obesity or overweight benefit at least as much as those with a healthy BMI from iCBT programs targeting psychological adjustment to chronic illness, even without changes in BMI. iCBT programs may be an important component in the self-management of this population, and may address barriers implicated in health behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea I Heriseanu
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Eyal Karin
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennie Walker
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- MindSpot Clinic, MQ Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amelia J Scott
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Madelyne A Bisby
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Milena Gandy
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanne Dudeney
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alana Fisher
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nickolai Titov
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- MindSpot Clinic, MQ Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Blake F Dear
- eCentreClinic, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Ebru Uçar D, Yıldızer G, Yılmaz İ. Disability Type and Constraints to Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Türkiye. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:411-417. [PMID: 37024104 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the effect of disability type on perceived physical activity (PA) constraints. Investigating the leisure-time PA constraint differences across disability groups would increase the possibility of PA participation, and reverse the physical inactivity trend for disabled populations. OBJECTIVE The purpose was to examine perceived PA constraint differences between individuals with 3 different disability types, which are visual, hearing, and physical disabilities. METHODS The study sample comprised 305 individuals with a visual disability, 203 individuals with a physical disability, and 144 individuals with hearing loss. Leisure Time PA Constraints Scale-Disabled Individuals Form, consisting of 32 items and 8 subscales, was used as for data collection. Data were analyzed with a 3 × 2 two-way multivariate analysis of variance. RESULTS Findings indicated a significant main effect of the disability group (Pillai V = 0.025; F16,639 = 10.132, P < .001, η2 = .112), gender (Pillai V = 0.250; F8,639 = 2.025, P < .05, η2 = .025), and interaction between the disability group and gender (Pillai V = 0.069; F161,280 = 2.847, P < .001, η2 = .034). The follow-up analyses of variance indicated significant differences in facility quality, social environment, family, willpower, time, and ability perception scores between disability groups, P < .05. CONCLUSIONS People with different disabilities have different perceived leisure-time PA barriers with respect to environmental, social, and psychological factors; generally, disabled females perceived more barriers to leisure-time PA. Policies and intervention protocols for disabled individuals should directly address the disability-specific need of individuals to increase leisure-time PA participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Ebru Uçar
- Department of Health Care Services, Anadolu University, Eskişehir,Türkiye
| | - Günay Yıldızer
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir,Türkiye
| | - İlker Yılmaz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir,Türkiye
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D'Alleva M, Vaccari F, Graniero F, Giovanelli N, Floreani M, Fiori F, Marinoni M, Parpinel M, Lazzer S. Effects of 12-week combined training versus high intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and fat metabolism in obese male adults. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:193-201. [PMID: 36820014 PMCID: PMC9937988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background /Objectives: A weekly combination of a high volume of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) with a low volume of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) provides important improvements in body composition and physical capacities in individuals with obesity. However, previous studies did not determine the weekly proportions of HIIT and MICT a priori. This study aimed to investigate changes in body composition, physical capacities and the fat oxidation rate in obese male adults by comparing a combination of MICT and HIIT, called combined training (COMB), with HIIT for a 12-week period. Methods Thirty-four obese male adults (mean age: 39.4 ± 7.0 y; mean body mass index [BMI] 34.0 ± 4.2 kg m-2) participated in this study (n = 18 for COMB, n = 16 HIIT), attending ∼ 36 training sessions. The COMB group performed 3 repetitions of 2 min at 95% of peak oxygen uptake (V'O2 peak) (e.g., HIIT ≤20%), followed by 30 min at 60% of VO2 peak (e.g., MICT ≥80%). The HIIT group performed 5-7 repetitions of 2 min at 95% of VO2 peak. At baseline (PRE) and at the end of the training period (POST), body composition, VO2 peak, and the fat oxidation rate were measured. The two training programs were equivalent in caloric expenditure. Results At POST, body mass (BM) and fat mass (FM) decreased by a mean of 3.09 ± 3.21 kg and 3.90 ± 2.40 kg, respectively (P < 0.05), in both groups and V'O2 peak increased in both groups by a mean of 0.47 ± 0.34 L min-1 (P < 0.05). The maximal fat oxidation rate increased similarly in both groups from 0.32 ± 0.05 to 0.36 ± 0.06 g min-1 (P < 0.05). Conclusion COMB training represents a viable alternative to HIIT to improve anthropometric characteristics, physical capacities and fat oxidation in obese male adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia D'Alleva
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Filippo Vaccari
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Graniero
- Physical Exercise Prescription Center, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Gemona del Friuli, Italy
| | - Nicola Giovanelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Mirco Floreani
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Federica Fiori
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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15
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Bell OJ, Flynn D, Clifford T, West D, Stevenson E, Avery L. Identifying behavioural barriers and facilitators to engaging men in a community-based lifestyle intervention to improve physical and mental health and well-being. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:25. [PMID: 36879249 PMCID: PMC9990339 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few community-based lifestyle interventions designed to target physical and mental health of men. We conducted a qualitative focus group study with men to explore their perceived barriers and facilitators to uptake and engagement with interventions designed to improve their physical and mental health and wellbeing. METHODS A volunteer sampling approach (advertisements posted on a premier league football club's social media) was used to recruit men aged 28 to 65 years who were interested in improving their physical and/or mental health and wellbeing. Focus group discussions were conducted at a local premier league football club to 1) explore men's perceived barriers and facilitators to uptake of community-based interventions; 2) identify health issues considered important to address; 3) obtain participant views on how to best engage men in community-based interventions; and 4) use the findings to inform the development of a multibehavioural complex community-based intervention (called 'The 12th Man'). RESULTS Six focus group discussions were conducted (duration 27 to 57 min) involving 25 participants (median age 41 years, IQR = 21 years). Thematic analyses generated seven themes: 'Lifestyle behaviours for both mental health and physical health'; 'work pressures are barriers to engaging with lifestyle behaviour change'; previous injuries are barriers to engagement in physical activity and exercise'; personal and peer group relationships impact on lifestyle behaviour change'; relationships between body image and self-confidence on mastery of skills for physical activity and exercise'; building motivation and personalised goal setting'; and 'credible individuals increase uptake and continued engagement with lifestyle behaviour change'. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that a multibehavioural community-based lifestyle intervention designed for men should promote parity of esteem between physical and mental health. It should also acknowledge individual needs and preferences, emotions in the context of goal setting and planning, and be delivered by a knowledgeable and credible professional. The findings will inform the development of a multibehavioural complex community-based intervention ('The 12th Man').
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Bell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle United Foundation, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Darren Flynn
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tom Clifford
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Daniel West
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma Stevenson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Leah Avery
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. .,Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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16
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Yan W, Meng Y, Wang L, Zhang T, Chen L, Li H. Research on the Relationship between Physical Literacy, Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16455. [PMID: 36554337 PMCID: PMC9779016 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED During the COVID-19 pandemic, college students' health-related physical activity and physical literacy aroused widespread concern. This study evaluated the relationship among physical literacy (PL), sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA); we further explored whether LAP and SB mediated the association between PL and MVPA. METHODS This study was based on a cross-sectional survey of Chinese college students. The Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument Scale (PPLI-SC) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) were used to investigate the PL, MVPA, LPA, and SB. RESULTS There were 2996 valid questionnaires with 829 boys and 2167 girls. The MVPA, LPA, and PL of boys were significantly higher than girls, while the SB values were significantly lower in girls (p < 0.01). The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the two indexes except for SB and LPA. Path analysis shows that PL directly, significantly, and positively affects MVPA. PL reduces SB (β = -0.085, p < 0.001) and increases LPA (β = 0.097, p < 0.001). The total mediation effect accounted for 14.014%, and the mediation effects of SB and LPA accounted for 4.417% and 9.597%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS LPA and SB partially mediated the relation between PL and MVPA. SB and LPA partially explain the impact of PL on MVPA. The findings suggest that managing SB and improving LPA could play a significant indirect role in increasing the positive effect of PL on MVPA and that increasing the opportunities for LPA increased the MVPA for Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yihan Meng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Leqin Chen
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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17
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Profile and predictors of barriers to physical activities: a cross-sectional assessment focusing community dwellers visiting a public healthcare institute of Quetta city, Pakistan. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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18
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Haynes A, Gilchrist H, Oliveira JS, Sherrington C, Tiedemann A. "I wouldn't have joined if it wasn't online": understanding older people's engagement with teleyoga classes for fall prevention. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:283. [PMID: 36324148 PMCID: PMC9628174 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yoga-based exercise is a promising strategy for promoting healthy ageing, with the potential to reduce falls and increase physical, cognitive and psychological wellbeing. Teleyoga (real-time yoga provided via interactive videoconferencing) can deliver yoga programs at scale, potentially reducing costs, increasing convenience, and reaching people who cannot attend studio-based classes. But better understanding of how older people perceive and engage with teleyoga is needed to optimise its design, implementation and promotion. METHODS This study built on a previous realist process evaluation of the SAGE yoga trial which is testing the effect of a yoga-based exercise program on falls among 700 community-dwelling people aged 60 + years. In this second phase of evaluation we conducted focus groups with participants who had completed the SAGE program online and with the yoga instructors who were delivering it. We also conducted interviews with participants who had withdrawn from the trial. Six program theories developed in the earlier evaluation provided a framework for data analysis, supplemented by inductive coding and an analytical workshop. RESULTS Participants described physical and psychological benefits from the SAGE teleyoga program. While noting that teleyoga cannot facilitate hands-on correction or the same quality of observation or interaction as studio classes, participants were highly appreciative of their yoga instructors' strategies for optimising visibility, instruction, social connection and therapeutic alliance, and for adapting to constrained home environments. Some participants argued that teleyoga was superior to studio classes due to its accessibility and convenience, its lower exposure to potential embarrassment about physical appearance or capabilities, and a reduced sense of peer competition and distraction. Our program theories applied across studio and online modes of delivery. CONCLUSION Teleyoga increases accessibility for people in diverse locations and circumstances; it provides a psychologically safer space which combats self-consciousness and unwanted competitiveness; it may enhance embodiment and mindfulness for some; and it has the potential to be offered relatively cheaply at scale which could support free or reduced price classes for people on low incomes and pensions, thereby encouraging a wider population to engage in yoga for healthy ageing and fall prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Haynes
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInstitute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Gadigal Country, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Heidi Gilchrist
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInstitute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Gadigal Country, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Juliana S Oliveira
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInstitute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Gadigal Country, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInstitute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Gadigal Country, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Anne Tiedemann
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInstitute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Gadigal Country, Sydney, NSW Australia
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Bytyci Katanolli A, Probst-Hensch N, Ann Obas K, Gerold J, Zahorka M, Jerliu N, Ramadani Q, Fota N, Merten S. Perceived barriers to physical activity behaviour among patients with diabetes and hypertension in Kosovo: a qualitative study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2022; 23:257. [PMID: 36180857 PMCID: PMC9523175 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a cohort of primary health care users across Kosovo (KOSCO cohort), high rates and poor control of diabetes and hypertension were observed. These conditions can be prevented and better controlled by adapting to a healthy lifestyle. Physical activity is an important target, as inactivity and related obesity were very prevalent in the KOSCO cohort. This qualitative study aims to identify individual and structural barriers to physical activity perceived by patients with diabetes and/or hypertension so as to inform health care providers and policy-makers in Kosovo on strategies for promoting physical activity. METHODS Interviews were conducted from July to October 2020 with 26 public primary health care users from five municipalities of Kosovo (Mitrovica, Vushtrri, Fushe Kosova, Gjakova, and Malisheva). The qualitative study was nested into the KOSCO cohort. KOSCO was implemented in 2019 and recruited consecutive patients visiting the public primary health care centres in these municipalities. Participants of this qualitative sub-study were selected if they had a doctor's diagnosis of diabetes and/or hypertension. The interview guide consisted of questions related to physical activity barriers these patients are facing, despite having received motivational counselling sessions in primary healthcare centres. Data were analysed using a framework methodology. RESULTS Three main themes moderating physical activity behaviour were identified: 1) neighbourhood built environment, 2) health-related problems, and 3) social support. The barriers to physical activity related to the first theme were structural features of the neighbourhoods such as: crowded sidewalks, lack of green spaces, lack of proper lighting in public spaces, as well as dense traffic. In regards to the second theme, the main health reasons for study participants to delay physical activity were related to: physical discomfort as well as stress, worry, and lack of energy. An additional barrier to exercise was lack of social support specifically from friends. CONCLUSION The study identifies structural and individual targets for integrated and inter-sectoral physical activity promotion efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Bytyci Katanolli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katrina Ann Obas
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jana Gerold
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Zahorka
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Naim Jerliu
- National Institute of Public Health Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
- Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | | | - Nicu Fota
- Accessible Quality Healthcare Project, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Sonja Merten
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Garcês CP, Oliveira e Silva L, Nunes SM, Cheik NC. Effects of social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity level, sitting time, and binge eating: a comparison between overweight/obese and normal-weight adults. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022; 18:1505-1512. [PMID: 35818432 PMCID: PMC9261176 DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare changes in physical activity level (PAL), sitting time (ST), and binge eating disorder (BED) in overweight/obese adults vs. those normal weight during social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out with adults of both sexes, aged 18–60 years, which assessed, through an online form, the PAL, ST, and BED pre (PSD) and during social distancing (DSD) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The PAL and ST were assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the assessment of BED by the Binge Eating Scale. Results 323 responses were included in the analysis (194 normal weight and 129 overweight/obese). There was a decrease in PAL and an increase in the prevalence of BED in both groups; nevertheless, the overweight/obese group had a 62% chance of presenting lower PALs than normal-weight individuals (OR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.03–2.55) and showed a lower total weekly physical activity time during the pandemic (adjusted p = 0.05). In addition, overweight individuals were more likely to binge eat before (OR = 4.21; 95% CI 2.10–8.45) and during the pandemic (OR = 4.24; 95% CI 2.54–7.06) and showed a higher prevalence during social distancing. Conclusion The social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic changed exercise behaviors and increased the prevalence of binge eating in the general population. However, overweight/obese participants engaged in less total weekly physical activity and showed a higher prevalence of binge eating before and during social distancing. Level of evidence Level III; analytical observational cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pereira Garcês
- Health Sciences Graduate Program - Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Luciana Oliveira e Silva
- Health Sciences Graduate Program - Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Sara Menezes Nunes
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Nadia Carla Cheik
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais Brazil
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