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Liu X, Wu Y, Bennett S, Zou J, Xu J, Zhang L. The Effects of Different Dietary Patterns on Bone Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:2289. [PMID: 39064732 PMCID: PMC11280484 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is a process in which osteoclasts continuously clear old bone and osteoblasts form osteoid and mineralization within basic multicellular units, which are in a dynamic balance. The process of bone metabolism is affected by many factors, including diet. Reasonable dietary patterns play a vital role in the prevention and treatment of bone-related diseases. In recent years, dietary patterns have changed dramatically. With the continuous improvement in the quality of life, high amounts of sugar, fat and protein have become a part of people's daily diets. However, people have gradually realized the importance of a healthy diet, intermittent fasting, calorie restriction, a vegetarian diet, and moderate exercise. Although these dietary patterns have traditionally been considered healthy, their true impact on bone health are still unclear. Studies have found that caloric restriction and a vegetarian diet can reduce bone mass, the negative impact of a high-sugar and high-fat dietary (HSFD) pattern on bone health is far greater than the positive impact of the mechanical load, and the relationship between a high-protein diet (HPD) and bone health remains controversial. Calcium, vitamin D, and dairy products play an important role in preventing bone loss. In this article, we further explore the relationship between different dietary patterns and bone health, and provide a reference for how to choose the appropriate dietary pattern in the future and for how to prevent bone loss caused by long-term poor dietary patterns in children, adolescents, and the elderly. In addition, this review provides dietary references for the clinical treatment of bone-related diseases and suggests that health policy makers should consider dietary measures to prevent and treat bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.L.)
| | - Yangming Wu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.L.)
| | - Samuel Bennett
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.L.)
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
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Muralidharan A, Gomez GA, Kesavan C, Pourteymoor S, Larkin D, Tambunan W, Sechriest VF, Mohan S. Sex-Specific Effects of THRβ Signaling on Metabolic Responses to High Fat Diet in Mice. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae075. [PMID: 38935021 PMCID: PMC11237353 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) plays a crucial role in regulating the functions of both bone and adipose tissue. Given that TH exerts its cholesterol-lowering effects in hepatic tissue through the TH receptor-β (TRβ), we hypothesized that TRβ agonist therapy using MGL3196 (MGL) would be effective in treating increased adiposity and bone loss in response to a 12-week high-fat diet (HFD) in adult C57BL/6J mice. Transcriptional and serum profiling revealed that HFD-induced leptin promoted weight gain in both males and females, but MGL only suppressed leptin induction and weight gain in males. In vitro studies suggest that estrogen suppresses MGL activity in adipocytes, indicating that estrogen might interfere with MGL-TRβ function. Compared to systemic adiposity, HFD reduced bone mass in male but not female mice. Paradoxically, MGL treatment reversed macroscopic bone mineral density loss in appendicular bones, but micro-CT revealed that MGL exacerbated HFD-induced trabecular bone loss, and reduced bone strength. In studies on the mechanisms for HFD effects on bone, we found that HFD induced Rankl expression in male femurs that was blocked by MGL. By ex vivo assays, we found that RANKL indirectly represses osteoblast lineage allocation of osteoprogenitors by induction of inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and CCL2. Finally, we found that MGL functions in both systemic adiposity and bone by nongenomic TRβ signaling, as HFD-mediated phenotypes were not rescued in TRβ147F knockout mice with normal genomic but defective nongenomic TRβ signaling. Our findings demonstrate that the negative effects of HFD on body fat and bone phenotypes are impacted by MGL in a gender-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruljothi Muralidharan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Gustavo A Gomez
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Chandrasekhar Kesavan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Sheila Pourteymoor
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Destiney Larkin
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - William Tambunan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - V Franklin Sechriest
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Yao S, Lu H, Zhou T, Jiang Q, Jiang C, Hu W, Li M, Tan CP, Feng Y, Du Q, Shen G, Xiang X, Chen L. Sciadonic acid attenuates high-fat diet-induced bone metabolism disorders in mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:4490-4502. [PMID: 38566566 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04527g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) has been associated with certain negative bone-related outcomes, such as bone metabolism disruption and bone loss. Sciadonic acid (SC), one of the main nutritional and functional components of Torreya grandis seed oil, is a unique Δ5-unsaturated-polymethylene-interrupted fatty acid (Δ5-UPIFA) that has been claimed to counteract such disorders owing to some of its physiological effects. However, the role of SC in ameliorating bone metabolism disorders due to HFD remains unclear. In the present investigation, we observed that SC modulates the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway by modifying the lipid metabolic state and decreasing inflammation in mice. In turn, it could balance bone resorption and formation as well as calcium and phosphorus levels, enhance bone strength and bone mineral density (BMD), and improve its microstructure. In addition, SC could inhibit fat vacuoles in bone, reverse the phenomenon of reduced numbers and poor continuity of bone trabeculae, and promote orderly arrangement of collagen fibers and cartilage repair. This study provides some theoretical basis for SC as a dietary intervention agent to enhance bone nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Yao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green, Low-Carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hongling Lu
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Tianhuan Zhou
- Zhejiang Forest Resources Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Qihong Jiang
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Chenkai Jiang
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Mingqian Li
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
- Xujing (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Yongcai Feng
- Xujing (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Qun Du
- Zhejiang Forest Resources Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Xingwei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green, Low-Carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
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Wang Z, Hu B, Chen X, Zhang Z, Liu L, Li N, Liang C. Integrative analyses of genetic characteristics associated with skeletal endothelial cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13339. [PMID: 38656074 PMCID: PMC11027181 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The osseous vascular endothelium encompasses a vast intricate framework that regulates bone remodeling. Osteoporosis, an age-associated systemic bone disease, is characterized by the degeneration of the vascular architecture. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms underpinning the metamorphosis of endothelial cells (ECs) with advancing age remain predominantly enigmatic. In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the associated pathways in juvenile and mature femoral ECs, utilizing data sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories (GSE148804) and employing bioinformatics tools. Through this approach, we successfully discerned six pivotal genes, namely Adamts1, Adamts2, Adamts4, Adamts14, Col5a1, and Col5a2. Subsequently, we constructed a miRNA-mRNA network based on miRNAs displaying differential expression between CD31hiEMCNhi and CD31lowEMCNlow ECs, utilizing online repositories for prediction. The expression of miR-466i-3p and miR-466i-5p in bone marrow ECs exhibited an inverse correlation with age. Our in vivo experiments additionally unveiled miR-466i-5p as a pivotal regulator in osseous ECs and a promising therapeutic target for age-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department I of Cadre's Ward, Navy 971st Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Department I of Cadre's Ward, Navy 971st Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Rehabilitation, Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department I of Cadre's Ward, Navy 971st Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department I of Cadre's Ward, Navy 971st Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Sun C, Zhao S, Pan Z, Li J, Wang Y, Kuang H. The Role Played by Mitochondria in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:158-174. [PMID: 38588493 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) refers to an endocrine disorder syndrome that are correlated with multiple organs and systems. PCOS has an effect on women at all stages of their lives, and it has an incidence nearly ranging from 6% to 20% worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunctions (e.g., oxidative stress, dynamic imbalance, and abnormal quality control system) have been identified in patients and animal models of PCOS, and the above processes may play a certain role in the development of PCOS and its associated complications. However, their specific pathogenic roles should be investigated in depth. In this review, recent studies on the mechanisms of action of mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS and its associated clinical manifestations are summarized from the perspective of tissues and organs, and some studies on the treatment of the disease by improving mitochondrial function are reviewed to highlight key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zimeng Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yasong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hongying Kuang
- Second Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Liu W, Li M, Guo H, Wei S, Xu W, Yan Y, Shi Y, Xu Z, Chang K, Wei G, Zhao S. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of liver immune microenvironment changes induced by microplastics in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168308. [PMID: 37977403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have discovered that tiny particles of microplastics (MPs) at the nano-scale level can enter the body of organisms from the environment, potentially causing metabolic ailments. However, further investigation is required to understand the alterations in the immune microenvironment associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurrence following exposure to MPs. Experiments were performed using mice, which were given a normal chow or high-fat diet (NCD or HFD, respectively) plus free drinking of sterile water with or without MPs, respectively. Employing an impartial technique known as unbiased single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), the cellular (single-cell) pathology landscape of NAFLD and related changes in the identified immune cell populations induced following MPs plus HFD treatment were assessed. The results showed that mice in the HFD groups had remarkably greater NAFLD activity scores than those from the NCD groups. Moreover, administration of MPs plus HFD further worsened the histopathological changes in the mice's liver, leading to hepatic steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltrations and ballooning degeneration. Following the construction of a sing-cell resolution transcriptomic atlas of 43,480 cells in the mice's livers of the indicated groups, clear cellular heterogeneity and potential cell-to-cell cross-talk could be observed. Specifically, we observed that MPs exacerbated the pro-inflammatory response and influenced the stemness of hepatocytes during HFD feeding. Importantly, treatment with MPs significantly increase the infiltration of the infiltrating liver-protecting Vsig4+ macrophages in the liver of the NAFLD mouse model while remarkably decreasing the angiogenic S100A6+ macrophage subpopulation. Furthermore, mice treated with MPs plus HFD exhibited significantly increased recruitment of CD4+ cells and heightened exhaustion of CD8+ T cells than those from the control group, characteristics typically associated with the dysregulation of immune homeostasis and severe inflammatory damage. Overall, this study offers valuable perspectives into comprehending the potential underlying cellular mechanisms and regulatory aspects of the microenvironment regarding MPs in the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangrui Liu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Huaqi Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shiyin Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yaoping Shi
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Kun Chang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Gang Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Guan J, Liu T, Chen H, Yang K. Association of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:130. [PMID: 38347501 PMCID: PMC10860277 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested that type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is a potentially modifiable risk factor for lower BMD, but the causal relationship is unclear. This study aimed to examine whether the association of DM2 with lower BMD levels was causal by using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS We collected genome-wide association study data for DM2 and BMD of total body and different skeletal sites from the IEU database. Subsequently, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using the Two Sample MR package. RESULTS We identified a positive association between DM2 risk (61,714 DM2 cases and 596,424 controls) and total BMD, and other skeletal sites BMD, such as femoral neck BMD, ultra-distal forearm BMD and heel BMD. However, non-significant trends were observed for the effects of DM2 on lumbar-spine BMD. CONCLUSION In two-sample MR analyses, there was positive causal relationship between DM2 and BMD in both overall samples. In summary, while observational analyses consistently indicate a strong association between DM2 and low BMD, our MR analysis introduces a nuanced perspective. Contrary to the robust association observed in observational studies, our MR analysis suggests a significant link between DM2 and elevated BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guan
- Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaitan Yang
- Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Xi'an, China.
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8
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Li X, Jiang O, Wang S. Molecular mechanisms of cellular metabolic homeostasis in stem cells. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:52. [PMID: 38040705 PMCID: PMC10692173 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many tissues and organ systems have intrinsic regeneration capabilities that are largely driven and maintained by tissue-resident stem cell populations. In recent years, growing evidence has demonstrated that cellular metabolic homeostasis plays a central role in mediating stem cell fate, tissue regeneration, and homeostasis. Thus, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms that regulate metabolic homeostasis in stem cells may contribute to our knowledge on how tissue homeostasis is maintained and provide novel insights for disease management. In this review, we summarize the known relationship between the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and molecular pathways in stem cells. We also discuss potential targets of metabolic homeostasis in disease therapy and describe the current limitations and future directions in the development of these novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ou Jiang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory for Oral and General Health Integration and Translation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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9
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Clayton DJ, Varley I, Papageorgiou M. Intermittent fasting and bone health: a bone of contention? Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1487-1499. [PMID: 36876592 PMCID: PMC10551474 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) is a promising strategy for weight loss and improving metabolic health, but its effects on bone health are less clear. This review aims to summarise and critically evaluate the preclinical and clinical evidence on IF regimens (the 5:2 diet, alternate-day fasting (ADF) and time-restricted eating (TRE)/time-restricted feeding and bone health outcomes. Animal studies have utilised IF alongside other dietary practices known to elicit detrimental effects on bone health and/or in models mimicking specific conditions; thus, findings from these studies are difficult to apply to humans. While limited in scope, observational studies suggest a link between some IF practices (e.g. breakfast omission) and compromised bone health, although lack of control for confounding factors makes these data difficult to interpret. Interventional studies suggest that TRE regimens practised up to 6 months do not adversely affect bone outcomes and may even slightly protect against bone loss during modest weight loss (< 5 % of baseline body weight). Most studies on ADF have shown no adverse effects on bone outcomes, while no studies on the ‘5–2’ diet have reported bone outcomes. Available interventional studies are limited by their short duration, small and diverse population samples, assessment of total body bone mass exclusively (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and inadequate control of factors that may affect bone outcomes, making the interpretation of existing data challenging. Further research is required to better characterise bone responses to various IF approaches using well-controlled protocols of sufficient duration, adequately powered to assess changes in bone outcomes and designed to include clinically relevant bone assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Clayton
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian Varley
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Maria Papageorgiou
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Beaver LM, Prati M, Gilman KE, Luo T, Shay NF, Branscum AJ, Turner RT, Iwaniec UT. Diet composition influences the effect of high fat diets on bone in growing male mice. Bone 2023; 176:116888. [PMID: 37652285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of diet-induced obesity on bone in rodents is variable, with bone mass increases, decreases, and no impact reported. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether the composition of obesogenic diet may influence bone independent of its effect on body weight. As proof-of-principle, we used a mouse model to compare the skeletal effects of a commonly used high fat 'Western' diet and a modified high fat diet. The modified high fat diet included ground English walnut and was isocaloric for macronutrients, but differed in fatty acid composition and contained nutrients (e.g. polyphenols) not present in the standard 'Western' diet. Eight-week-old mice were randomized into 1 of 3 dietary treatments (n = 8/group): (1) low fat control diet (LF; 10 % kcal fat); (2) high fat 'Western' diet (HF; 46 % kcal fat as soybean oil and lard); or (3) modified high fat diet supplemented with ground walnuts (HF + walnut; 46 % kcal fat as soybean oil, lard, and walnut) and maintained on their respective diets for 9 weeks. Bone response in femur was then evaluated using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, microcomputed tomography, and histomorphometry. Consumption of both obesogenic diets resulted in increased weight gain but differed in impact on bone and bone marrow adiposity in distal femur metaphysis. Mice consuming the high fat 'Western' diet exhibited a tendency for lower cancellous bone volume fraction and connectivity density, and had lower osteoblast-lined bone perimeter (an index of bone formation) and higher bone marrow adiposity than low fat controls. Mice fed the modified high fat diet did not differ from mice fed control (low fat) diet in cancellous bone microarchitecture, or osteoblast-lined bone perimeter, and exhibited lower bone marrow adiposity compared to mice fed the 'Western' diet. This proof-of-principal study demonstrates that two obesogenic diets, similar in macronutrient distribution and induction of weight gain, can have different effects on cancellous bone in distal femur metaphysis. Because the composition of the diets used to induce obesity in rodents does not recapitulate a common human diet, our finding challenges the translatability of rodent studies evaluating the impact of diet-induced obesity on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Beaver
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Maud Prati
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Kristy E Gilman
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Ting Luo
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Neil F Shay
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Adam J Branscum
- Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Russell T Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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Koike Y, Takahata M, Nakajima M, Otomo N, Suetsugu H, Liu X, Endo T, Imagama S, Kobayashi K, Kaito T, Kato S, Kawaguchi Y, Kanayama M, Sakai H, Tsuji T, Miyamoto T, Inose H, Yoshii T, Kashii M, Nakashima H, Ando K, Taniguchi Y, Takeuchi K, Ito S, Tomizuka K, Hikino K, Iwasaki Y, Kamatani Y, Maeda S, Nakajima H, Mori K, Seichi A, Fujibayashi S, Kanchiku T, Watanabe K, Tanaka T, Kida K, Kobayashi S, Takahashi M, Yamada K, Takuwa H, Lu HF, Niida S, Ozaki K, Momozawa Y, Yamazaki M, Okawa A, Matsumoto M, Iwasaki N, Terao C, Ikegawa S. Genetic insights into ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine. eLife 2023; 12:e86514. [PMID: 37461309 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL) is an intractable disease leading to severe neurological deficits. Its etiology and pathogenesis are primarily unknown. The relationship between OPLL and comorbidities, especially type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high body mass index (BMI), has been the focus of attention; however, no trait has been proven to have a causal relationship. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) using 22,016 Japanese individuals and identified 14 significant loci, 8 of which were previously unreported. We then conducted a gene-based association analysis and a transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization approach and identified three candidate genes for each. Partitioning heritability enrichment analyses observed significant enrichment of the polygenic signals in the active enhancers of the connective/bone cell group, especially H3K27ac in chondrogenic differentiation cells, as well as the immune/hematopoietic cell group. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Achilles tendon cells from a mouse Achilles tendon ossification model confirmed the expression of genes in GWAS and post-GWAS analyses in mesenchymal and immune cells. Genetic correlations with 96 complex traits showed positive correlations with T2D and BMI and a negative correlation with cerebral aneurysm. Mendelian randomization analysis demonstrated a significant causal effect of increased BMI and high bone mineral density on OPLL. We evaluated the clinical images in detail and classified OPLL into cervical, thoracic, and the other types. GWAS subanalyses identified subtype-specific signals. A polygenic risk score for BMI demonstrated that the effect of BMI was particularly strong in thoracic OPLL. Our study provides genetic insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of OPLL and is expected to serve as a basis for future treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinao Koike
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Otomo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suetsugu
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Kanayama
- Department of Orthopedics, Hakodate Central General Hospital, Hakodate, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spinal Injuries Center, Iizuka, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yoshii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kashii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Ando
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shuji Ito
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Kohei Tomizuka
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiko Hikino
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwasaki
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Bone and Joint Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kanji Mori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Seichi
- Department of Orthopedics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Fujibayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kanchiku
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Kei Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental General Hospital, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Kida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Sho Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masahito Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Obu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takuwa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shumpei Niida
- Core Facility Administration, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kouichi Ozaki
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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