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Mi N, Zhang M, Ying Z, Lin X, Jin Y. Vitamin intake and periodontal disease: a meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:117. [PMID: 38245765 PMCID: PMC10799494 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03850-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A meta-analysis was performed to assess the epidemiological correlation between dietary intake of various types of vitamin intake and the risk of periodontal disease. METHODS A comprehensive computerized search was conducted in eight databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine Disc, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Database, and a random effect model was applied to combine pooled odds ratio (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the included studies, and the sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the impact of a single study on the comprehensive results. RESULTS We finally included 45 effect groups from 23 observational studies, with a total number of study participants of 74,488. The results showed that higher levels of vitamin A (OR: 0.788, 95% CI: 0.640-0.971), vitamin B complex (OR: 0.884, 95% CI: 0.824-0.948), vitamin C (OR: 0.875, 95% CI: 0.775-0.988), vitamin D (OR: 0.964, 95% CI: 0.948-0.981), and vitamin E (OR: 0.868, 95% CI: 0.776-0.971) intake all were negatively correlated with periodontal disease. After removing each study, leave-one-out sensitivity analysis indicated no significant change in the overall results of any of the five meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS The results from this meta-analysis demonstrated a negative association between high-dose vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E consumption and the likelihood of developing periodontal disease, revealing the significant role of vitamins in preventing periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Mi
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zheng Ying
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xiaoping Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Albandar JM. Disparities and social determinants of periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38217495 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent in populations worldwide and are a major global public health problem, with major negative impacts on individuals and communities. This study investigates evidence of disparities in periodontal diseases by age groups, gender, and socioeconomic factors. There is ample evidence that these diseases disproportionally affect poorer and marginalized groups and are closely associated with certain demographics and socioeconomic status. Disparities in periodontal health are associated with social inequalities, which in turn are caused by old age, gender inequality, income and education gaps, access to health care, social class, and other factors. In health care, these factors may result in some individuals receiving better and more professional care compared to others. This study also reviews the potential causes of these disparities and the means to bridge the gap in disease prevalence. Identifying and implementing effective strategies to eliminate inequities among minorities and marginalized groups in oral health status and dental care should be prioritized in populations globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasim M Albandar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Tamiya H, Mitani A, Abe M, Nagase T. Putative Bidirectionality of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Periodontal Disease: A Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5935. [PMID: 37762876 PMCID: PMC10531527 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing worldwide and is currently the third leading cause of death globally. The long-term inhalation of toxic substances, mainly cigarette smoke, deteriorates pulmonary function over time, resulting in the development of COPD in adulthood. Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition that affects most adults and is caused by the bacteria within dental plaque. These bacteria dissolve the gums around the teeth and the bone that supports them, ultimately leading to tooth loss. Periodontal disease and COPD share common risk factors, such as aging and smoking. Other similarities include local chronic inflammation and links with the onset and progression of systemic diseases such as ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Understanding whether interventions for periodontal disease improve the disease trajectory of COPD (and vice versa) is important, given our rapidly aging society. This review focuses on the putative relationship between COPD and periodontal disease while exploring current evidence and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tamiya
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Akihisa Mitani
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masanobu Abe
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Chen HF, Lee HE, Chen IT, Huang YT, Ho PS, Karim SA. Rural-urban disparities in the incidence and treatment intensity of periodontal disease among patients with diabetes. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1241150. [PMID: 37736085 PMCID: PMC10509757 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1241150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes threatens population health, especially in rural areas. Diabetes and periodontal diseases have a bidirectional relationship. A persistence of rural-urban disparities in diabetes may indicate a rural-urban difference in periodontal disease among patients with diabetes; however, the evidence is lacking. This retrospective study aimed to investigate rural-urban discrepancies in the incidence and treatment intensity of periodontal disease among patients who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in the year 2010. Methods The present study was a retrospective cohort design, with two study samples: patients with type 2 diabetes and those who were further diagnosed with periodontal disease. The data sources included the 2010 Diabetes Mellitus Health Database at the patient level, the National Geographic Information Standardization Platform and the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan at the township level. Two dependent variables were a time-to-event outcome for periodontal disease among patients with type 2 diabetes and the treatment intensity measured for patients who were further diagnosed with periodontal disease. The key independent variables are two dummy variables, representing rural and suburban areas, with urban areas as the reference group. The Cox and Poisson regression models were applied for analyses. Results Of 68,365 qualified patients, 49% of them had periodontal disease within 10 years after patients were diagnosed with diabetes. Compared to urban patients with diabetes, rural (HR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75-0.91) and suburban patients (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83-0.89) had a lower incidence of periodontal disease. Among 33,612 patients with periodontal disease, rural patients received less treatment intensity of dental care (Rural: RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.92; suburban: RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.95) than urban patients. Conclusion Given the underutilization of dental care among rural patients with diabetes, a low incidence of periodontal disease indicates potentially undiagnosed periodontal disease, and low treatment intensity signals potentially unmet dental needs. Our findings provide a potential explanation for the persistence of rural-urban disparities in poor diabetes outcomes. Policy interventions to enhance the likelihood of identifying periodontal disease at the early stage for proper treatment would ease the burden of diabetes care and narrow rural-urban discrepancies in diabetes outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Fen Chen
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Big Data Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Er Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Te Chen
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Big Data Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Division of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Ho
- Division of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Saleema A. Karim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Professions, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmomd, VA, United States
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Zhang X, Dai S, Jiang X, Huang W, Zhou Q, Wang S. The pathways from disadvantaged socioeconomic status in childhood to edentulism in mid-to-late adulthood over the life-course. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:150. [PMID: 37553562 PMCID: PMC10408210 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect pathways from childhood socioeconomic status (SES) to the prevalence of edentulism in mid-to-late age Chinese individuals using structural equation modeling (SEM). METHODS This study analyzed data from 17,032 mid- to-late age Chinese individuals in the 2014 and 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Childhood SES was determined based on the parents' education and occupation, financial situation of the family, primary residence, food availability, and medical convenience. Adulthood SES was established according to educational achievements of the individuals. Edentulism is defined as the loss of all natural teeth. SEM was used to examine the statistical significance of the association between childhood SES and edentulism, mediated by childhood health, adulthood SES, and adult health. RESULTS Childhood SES had significant indirect (β = -0.026, p < 0.01), and total (β = -0.040, p < 0.01) effects on edentulism. It was determined that 65% of the total effect of childhood SES on edentulism was indirect, and mainly mediated by adult SES. Also, the goodness-of-fit indices of the best-fitting model were acceptable. CONCLUSION This study revealed that childhood health, adult health and adult SES are mediators that explain the relationship between childhood SES and edentulism. The global attention to alleviate the inequality in edentulism should focus on exploring recommendations and intervention strategies from childhood to adulthood, by considering adult SES, childhood and adult health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shuping Dai
- School of Marxism, Handong Women's University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Lianyungang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, 222007, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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Hwang I, Park K, Park HK. Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors of detention center inmates in South Korea compared with Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) respondents: a retrospective study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:383. [PMID: 36064674 PMCID: PMC9446535 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Correctional institution inmates have reduced access to dental care; however, a quantitative assessment of their oral health condition has not yet been performed in South Korea. Therefore, this study aimed to assess dental caries and compare the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors between inmates and the general South Korean population. Methods The dental records of two detention centers in South Korea were retrospectively analyzed to assess the clinical oral health condition of inmates using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and self-reported questionnaire. These data were compared with similar data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the general South Korean population. Results In total, 642 inmates were analyzed and compared with 13,345 KNHANES participants in the KNHANES. The inmate and KNHANES groups demonstrated significant intergroup differences, with a higher prevalence of untreated caries, DMFT, decayed teeth (DT), and missing teeth (MT) values among the inmates. The prevalence of untreated caries decreased according to the history of dental pain in the inmate group but increased in the KNHANES group. The decrease in DMFT with a history of dental pain was significant only in the inmate group. Furthermore, self-rated oral health was significantly associated with prevalence of untreated caries, DMFT, DT, MT, and filled teeth (FT) in the inmate group but with prevalence of untreated caries, DMFT, DT, and MT in the KNHANES group. It was found that this is because there is an interaction effect by the group. Conclusions The oral health of the inmate group was significantly poorer than that of the general group. Since DMFT, DT, MT, and FT values and prevalence of untreated caries in the inmate group were significantly related to their self-rated oral health, suggesting that self-rated oral health should be incorporated into the dental health screenings of correctional institution inmates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02405-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkwang Hwang
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, #101, Daehak-ro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Park
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Park
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, #101, Daehak-ro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
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Khajavi A, Radvar M, Moeintaghavi A. Socioeconomic determinants of periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2022; 90:13-44. [PMID: 35950737 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Khajavi
- Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Radvar
- Department of Periodontology, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Moeintaghavi
- Department of Periodontology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Shim H, Koo J, Ahn J. Association between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Poor Self-Perceived Oral Health in Korean Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030427. [PMID: 35326903 PMCID: PMC8954365 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and oral health problems have been reported as specific disease units; however, this study was conducted to evaluate the association between RA and comprehensive oral health status. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between RA and oral health using self-perceived oral health (SPOH) variables that can determine the oral health status in Korean adults using representative national data. Methods: Data from 40,186 selected participants were collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) between 2007 and 2018. The prevalence relative risk (PRR) was estimated using Poisson regression analysis to obtain the risk ratio of the SPOH according to RA. Results: The risk of SPOH depending on the RA status was statistically significant (odds ratio [OR] = 1.108, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.005–1.222). In addition, the risk of SPOH depending on the RA status was higher in the group with diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.205, 95% CI 0.966–1.503) than in the group without DM (OR = 1.088, 95% CI 0.976–1.214). Conclusions: In this study, a significant association was identified between RA and SPOH. Oral health experts should identify the factors affecting the oral health of patients with RA and provide correct oral health care; however, additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Shim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Jungwan Koo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.A.); Tel.: +82-2-2258-6268 (J.K.); +82-2-2258-6701 (J.A.); Fax: +82-2-2258-6678 (J.K. & J.A.)
| | - Joonho Ahn
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.A.); Tel.: +82-2-2258-6268 (J.K.); +82-2-2258-6701 (J.A.); Fax: +82-2-2258-6678 (J.K. & J.A.)
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Greater inequalities in dental caries treatment than in caries experience: a concentration index decomposition approach. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:564. [PMID: 34749711 PMCID: PMC8573976 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01935-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the current study was to (a) measure the socioeconomic inequalities in oral health and examine whether the inequalities are greater in disease experience or in its treatment and to (b) decompose the factors that influence oral health inequalities among the adults of Guangdong Province. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 35- to 44-year-old and 65- to 74-year-old adults in Guangdong Province. All participants underwent oral health examinations and answered questionnaires about their oral health. We measured the concentration indices of the DMFT and its separate components, namely, decayed teeth (DT), missing teeth (MT), and filled teeth (FT), to explore the inequalities in oral health status; then, we analysed its decomposition to interpret the factors that influence the inequalities. Results The results showed that significant inequality was concentrated on FT (CI = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.14/0.33, SE = 0.05). The concentration indices for the DMFT (CI = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.02/0.06, SE = 0.02) and MT (CI = 0.02, 95% CI 0.03/0.08, SE = 0.03) were small and close to zero, while the concentration for DT (CI = − 0.04, 95% CI = − 0.01/0.02, SE = 0.03) was not statistically significant. The results from the decomposition analysis suggested that a substantial proportion of the inequality was explained by household income, high education level, regular oral examination and type of insurance (5.1%, 12.4%, 43.2%, − 39.6% (Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance System) and 34.5% (New-Type Rural Medical Collaboration System), respectively). Conclusions The results indicated greater inequalities in dental caries than in caries experience. Among the included factors, household income, high education level, and regular oral health examinations had the greatest impact on the inequalities in the number of FT. In addition, the current medical insurance systems, including the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance System, Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance System, and the New-Type Rural Medical Collaboration System, have not been effectively used in oral treatment. Policy-making and the implementation of interventions for tackling socioeconomic oral health inequalities should focus on reducing the burden of treatment and providing greater access to dental care for low-income groups. Welfare policies are skewed towards rural areas and low-income people.
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Yamamoto T, Tanaka M, Kuribayashi N, Okuguchi F, Isotani H, Iwamoto M, Sugimoto H, Nakagawa O, Minabe M, Fuchida S, Mochida Y, Yokoyama H. Low education is associated with poor periodontal status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 7:419-428. [PMID: 33258300 PMCID: PMC8404492 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Because periodontitis is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, identification of risk factors of periodontitis is valuable to control periodontitis effectively. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of education and household income with periodontal status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Participants were 2,436 patients (59.8% male, aged 29–93 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus from 27 medical clinics. Participants' medical records and information about education, household income, general health status, and health behaviors were collected. Periodontal status was assessed in a nearby dental office. Multiple linear regression analyses and ordered logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of periodontal parameters with education and household income after adjusting for age, sex, general health status, and health behaviors. Results Multiple linear regression analysis showed that mean probing pocket depth was not significantly associated with education and household income. Ordered logistic regression analyses showed statistically significant odds ratios (ORs) of junior high school (reference: university) for the tertiles of the percentage of sites with bleeding on probing (OR: 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–1.81), percentage of mobile teeth (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.24–2.03), and number of teeth present (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.39–0.65), and statistically significant odds ratios of high school (reference: university) for the tertiles of the percentage of mobile teeth (OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.06–1.51) and number of teeth present (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62–0.88), but not household income. Conclusions These results suggest that low education is one of the important predictors of poor periodontal status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is important to provide targeted interventions including periodontal education in junior high school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Michio Tanaka
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Masato Minabe
- Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Shinya Fuchida
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Yuki Mochida
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
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Paksoy T, Ustaoğlu G, Peker K. Association of socio-demographic, behavioral, and comorbidity-related factors with severity of periodontitis in Turkish patients. Aging Male 2020; 23:232-241. [PMID: 32281459 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1748002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the prevalence of comorbidities and periodontal diseases severity in dental patients and to determine the socio-demographic, behavioral, and comorbidity-related predictors of periodontal diseases severity.Material and methods: This retrospective study sample consisted of 2458 patients who referred to faculty dentistry clinic. Socio-demographic, behavioral, and comorbidity characteristics of study participants were collected using hospital database and self-reported questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were used to analyze study data.Results: Of these patients, 55.2% had mild-to-moderate periodontitis and 44.8% had severe periodontitis. The severity of periodontal disease was significantly associated with the presence of comorbidity, the number of comorbidities, age, gender, income level, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Patients with severe periodontitis were more likely being a current smoker, to report drinking alcohol sometimes or every day, to be a male, to have a pulmonary disease, to have an endocrinological and metabolic disorder, to have a cardiovascular disorder and to have a neurological disorder than those with mild/moderate periodontitis. Having a hematological disorder, having a muscle, skeletal and connective tissue disorder, to be a current smoker and lower age were found to be predictors of moderate periodontitis whereas being a female and lower number of comorbidities were predictors of mild periodontitis.Conclusions: The severity of periodontitis was associated with socio-demographic, behavioral, and comorbidity characteristics of periodontal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe Paksoy
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülbahar Ustaoğlu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Peker
- Division of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Global Prevalence of Periodontal Disease and Lack of Its Surveillance. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:2146160. [PMID: 32549797 PMCID: PMC7275199 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2146160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is a public health problem and is strongly associated with systemic diseases; however, its worldwide distribution is not fully understood. Objective To evaluate global data of periodontal disease: (1) among adolescents, adults, and older population and (2) in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Methods This ecological study included data of periodontal disease from the World Health Organization's data bank which are based on the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN code: 0 = no disease; 1 = bleeding on probing; 2 = calculus; 3 = periodontal pocket (PD) 4-5 mm; 4 = PD (6+ mm). Age- and income-related periodontal disease inequalities were evaluated across the globe. Results Compared with 9.3% of adults and 9.7% of older persons, 21.2% of adolescents had no periodontal disease (P = 0.005). Nearly 18.8% of adolescents compared with 8.9% of adults and 5% of older persons had bleeding on probing (P ≤ 0.001). Similarly, 50.3% of adolescents, 44.6% of adults, and 31.9% older persons demonstrated the occurrence of calculus (P = 0.01). On the other hand, older persons had the highest prevalence of PD 4-5 mm and PD 6+ mm than adults and adolescents (P ≤ 0.001). The distribution of periodontitis (CPITN code 3 + 4) in adults differed significantly in low- (28.7%), lower-middle- (10%), upper-middle- (42.5%), and high-income countries (43.7%) (P = 0.04). However, no significant differences in periodontitis (CPITN code 3 + 4) were observed in adolescents and older persons in low- to high-income countries. Conclusions Within the limitations of data, this study found that the distribution of periodontal disease increases with age. Periodontitis was the most common in older persons and in population from high-income countries.
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Association of childhood socioeconomic status with edentulism among Chinese in mid-late adulthood. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:292. [PMID: 31884947 PMCID: PMC6935473 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0968-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the association between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and edentulism. METHODS The edentulous status of Chinese in mid-late adulthood was determined using self-reported lost all of teeth from the Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Childhood SES was determined based on the following parameters: the education, occupation and working status of the parents; financial situation of the family; relationship with the parents; care, love and affection from the mother; quarrels and fights between parents; primary residence; neighbors' willingness to help and with close-knit relationships. Adulthood SES was assessed by educational achievements. This study used principal component analysis (PCA) to select variables and binary logistic regression models to determine the association between childhood SES and edentulism. RESULTS Data were available from a total of 17,713 respondents, 984 of whom were edentulous (2.9%). The prevalence of edentulism in mid- to late-age Chinese individuals was higher in those with poor childhood SES. In final regression model, edentulism was significantly associated with willingness of neighbors to help with close-knit relationships (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.79-0.99), parents with high school education or above (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.01-1.39) and drinking and smoking habits of the father (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.97-1.24). CONCLUSION Childhood SES was significantly associated with the prevalence of edentulism in mid- to late-age Chinese individuals. In particular, parents with high school education or above, unwillingness of neighbor to help with close-knit relationships, drinking and smoking habits of the father independent of adulthood SES were significantly associated with edentulism. Accordingly, the development of optimal recommendations and more effective intervention strategies requires considering the experiences in early life associated with poor SES contributes to poor oral health.
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Jeong W, Choi DW, Kim YK, Lee HJ, Lee SA, Park EC, Jang SI. Associations of electronic and conventional cigarette use with periodontal disease in South Korean adults. J Periodontol 2019; 91:55-64. [PMID: 31355936 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the association of conventional cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping with periodontal disease in South Korean adults. METHODS For this study, data from 13,551 participants, a subset derived from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2013 and 2015, were examined. Participants were divided into four categories: electronic cigarettes vapers, conventional cigarettes smokers, ex-users, and non-users. Periodontal status was measured by the Community Periodontal Index. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of periodontal disease with smoking and vaping individually. RESULTS Out of 187 men and 35 women who vape electronic cigarette, 67 (35.8%) men and 10 (28.6%) women had periodontal diseases. Out of 1,957 men and 363 women who smoke conventional cigarettes, 861 (44.0%) men and 121 (35.3%) women had periodontal diseases. Periodontal disease was more prevalent in each vapers and smokers than non-users in men (electronic cigarettes: odds ratio [OR] = 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.52 to 3.59, conventional cigarettes: OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.76 to 2.68). Furthermore, both vaping and smoking had significant relation to dental caries, toothache, and dental damages. CONCLUSIONS Electronic and conventional cigarette use was each significantly associated with increased periodontal disease rates. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics, both vaping and smoking each had significant association with periodontal diseases. Therefore, this study suggests that vaping may not be a safe alternative to smoking. Cessation of both types of cigarettes is necessary for maintaining oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjeong Jeong
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Choi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hagenfeld D, Zimmermann H, Korb K, El-Sayed N, Fricke J, Greiser KH, Kühnisch J, Linseisen J, Meisinger C, Schmitter M, Kim TS, Becher H. Periodontal Health and Use of Oral Health Services: A Comparison of Germans and Two Migrant Groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16163000. [PMID: 31434329 PMCID: PMC6720619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16163000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was performed with 251 individuals, consisting of 127 Germans, 68 migrants from Turkey, and 56 resettlers (migrants from the former Soviet Union with German ancestors) to compare periodontal health status, with a special focus on associations with lifestyle and anthropometric factors, and use of dental health services. Maximal pocket depth was used as a clinical surrogate marker for periodontitis. Other variables were obtained by questionnaires administered by a Turkish or Russian interpreter. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher in Turks (odds ratio (OR) 2.84, 95% CI = 1.53–5.26) and slightly higher in resettlers (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.71–2.49). These differences are partly explained by a differential distribution of known risk factors for periodontitis. A full model showed a higher prevalence of maximal pocket depth above 5 mm in Turks (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 0.99–3.92). Use of oral health services was significantly lower in the two migrant groups. Individuals who reported regular visits to a dentist had significantly less periodontitis, independent of migrant status. A reasonable conclusion is that, since oral health causes major chronic diseases and has a major effect on total health system expenditures, public health efforts both generally and specifically focused on migrant groups are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hagenfeld
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Periodontology and Restorative Dentistry, University-Hospital of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Heiko Zimmermann
- Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Korb
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nihad El-Sayed
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Fricke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Halina Greiser
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Kühnisch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitter
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ti-Sun Kim
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Becher
- Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Oral health and socio-economic status among children during Syrian crisis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:165. [PMID: 31345205 PMCID: PMC6659224 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Syrian crisis has started eight years ago and has, directly and indirectly, affected all the aspects of the Syrians lives. A lot of new war-related factors contributed to change the socio-economic status, the demographical distribution and the ability to access the public health services. Moreover, the crisis created the biggest displacement crisis both inside and outside Syria. Therefore, it is important to study the prevalence of dental caries and oral health in these specific circumstances in order to build a database to assess and compare future results of preventive programs and to assess health and social needs of the communities affected by war or crisis. The aim of this research is to Study the level of oral health among children during the Syrian crisis, as well as the relation between oral health and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods A cross-sectional study to assess the oral health of children in Damascus city by using DMFT index and other dental indices. The data were collected from ten randomly selected schools covering all the areas of Damascus city, and the final sample size was 811 children. Results DMFT index was used to assess the oral health of the children. The average number was (3.36) among all children; 14% of the sample size had a good oral health, while 86% had at least one decayed, missed, or filled tooth. There was also a strong association between SES of the child and the oral health represented as DMFT Index (P = 0.03), Pearson’s correlation test displayed an inverse association between the SES and oral health (P = − 0.074). Conclusion This study highlights the impact of the Syrian crisis on the SES of the Syrian children and their oral health. Bad oral health has been recorded and it has a significant relation with the SES of the children.
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Moon KH. Screening of Genetic Factor in the Interaction Between Periodontitis and Metabolic Traits Using Candidate Gene Association Study (CGAS). Biochem Genet 2018; 57:466-474. [PMID: 30547318 PMCID: PMC6556154 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-018-9899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis has been reported to relate to metabolic syndrome traits such as obesity, blood pressure, and so on. However, the relation between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome remains unclear. The present study aimed to confirm common genetic factors between periodontitis and metabolic traits using Candidate gene association study (CGAS) in the Korean population. Based on the analysis of CGAS, this study performed linear regression analyses to examine the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome traits. Among the analyzed SNPs, 2649 SNPs in five genes (TENM2, LDLRAD4, SLC9C2, MFSD1, and A2BP1) showed a statistical significance at p < 0.05. Interestingly, A2BP1 and TENM2 were related to obesity. Also, elevated levels of LDLRAD4, SLC9C2, and MFSD1 were observed in the patients with high blood pressure. Taken together, the present study suggests that some of the SNPs are related to periodontitis. Therefore, if any of TENM2, A2BP1, LDLRAD4, SLC9C2, and MFSD1 is detected in the patients with periodontitis, obesity and blood pressure have to be treated simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hui Moon
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Jinju Health College, Uibyeong-ro 51, Jinju, Korea.
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18
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Zhao D, Zhen Z, Pelekos G, Yiu KH, Jin L. Periodontal disease increases the risk for onset of systemic comorbidities in dental hospital attendees: An 18-year retrospective cohort study. J Periodontol 2018; 90:225-233. [PMID: 30296334 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease closely links to various systemic diseases. This l8-year retrospective cohort study investigated whether poor periodontal condition may increase the risk for onset of systemic comorbidities. METHODS A total of 488 individual dental folders from 17 400 dental hospital attendees registered from 1996 to 1998 were randomly selected, and these participants were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, stroke, cognitive impairment, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in the Clinical Management System. The records of periodontal examination and orthopantomogram on the first registration were obtained, and full-mouth bone level (BL) was measured. Onsets of the eight comorbidities concerned above until 2016 were retrieved from the system. RESULTS The participants with worse periodontal status on their first registration had significantly higher numbers of the eight comorbidities/mortality during the 18-year follow-ups than their counterparts (P < 0.05). BL presented as bone loss/age was independently correlated to the comorbidity profiles in two multivariate models (0 to 1 versus ≥2; 0 to 2 versus ≥3) after adjusting for age and sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87; OR = 2.18, P < 0.05), highlighting that the individuals with more bone resorption exhibited a greater number of the comorbidities as compared with their counterparts. Moreover, those with onsets of more comorbidities showed worse periodontal conditions according to four parameters employed (community periodontal index, BL, bone loss/age and number of remaining teeth) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this 18-year retrospective cohort study, our findings provide the first evidence that periodontal disease experience to some extent reflects the host susceptibility to onset of common systemic comorbidities. Further studies with larger sample sizes and appropriate adjustment of critical confounders are highly warranted to substantiate the current observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Discipline of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhe Zhen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - George Pelekos
- Discipline of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Hang Yiu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Discipline of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lee M, Baek H, Park JS, Kim S, Kyung C, Baik SJ, Lee BK, Kim JH, Ahn CW, Kim KR, Kang S. Current Helicobacter pylori infection is significantly associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in healthy subjects: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193646. [PMID: 29499055 PMCID: PMC5834174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a gastrointestinal pathogen known to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, most analyses about the effect of H. pylori infection have been done in patients with a history of CVD but not in healthy subjects. We evaluated the association between H. pylori infection and subclinical atherosclerosis by using cardiac multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in healthy subjects without previous CVD. From December 2007 to February 2014, 463 subjects who underwent the rapid urease test (CLO test), pulse-wave velocity (PWV) measurement, and MDCT for a self-referred health check-up were enrolled to this study. Helicobacter pylori infection was defined on the basis of CLO test positivity on endoscopic gastric biopsy. Significant coronary artery stenosis was defined as ≥50% stenosis in any of the major epicardial coronary vessel on MDCT. The CLO-positive subjects had a lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) level compared to the CLO-negative subjects. The incidence of significant coronary stenosis was higher in the CLO-positive group (7.6% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.01). Furthermore, the number of subjects with coronary artery calcium score >0 and log{(number of segments with plaque)+1} were also significantly higher in the CLO-positive group. However, there was no statistical difference in the number of subjects with coronary artery calcium score >100, the prevalence of any plaque nor the plaque characteristics (calcified, mixed, or soft). Pulse-wave velocity (PWV) was neither associated with CLO test positivity. The CLO-positive group was 3-fold more likely to have significant coronary artery stenosis even after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio 2.813, 95% confidence interval 1.051–7.528, P = 0.04). In a healthy population, current H. pylori infection was associated with subclinical but significant coronary artery stenosis. The causal relationship between H. pylori infection and subclinical atherosclerosis in a “healthy” population remains to be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyoung Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haeri Baek
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, H-plus Yangji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Suk Park
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohee Kim
- Aswell convalescent hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chanhee Kyung
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Rhin Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Su Jung Baik
- Healthcare Research Team, Health Promotion Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jie-Hyun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Rae Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinae Kang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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20
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Lee JH, Oh JY, Choi JK, Kim YT, Park YS, Jeong SN, Choi SH. Trends in the incidence of tooth extraction due to periodontal disease: results of a 12-year longitudinal cohort study in South Korea. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2017; 47:264-272. [PMID: 29093985 PMCID: PMC5663665 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2017.47.5.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated trends in tooth extraction due to acute and chronic periodontal disease (PD) using data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort for 2002–2013. Methods A random sample of 1,025,340 individuals was selected as a representative sample of the population, and a database (DB) of diagnostic and prescription codes was followed up for 12 years. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the incidence of total extraction (TE), extraction due to periodontal disease (EPD), and immediate extraction due to periodontal disease (IEPD) according to sociodemographic factors (sex, age, household income, health status, and area of residence). Results The incidence of tooth extraction was found to be increasing, and at a higher rate for TE in PD patients. In 2002, 50.6% of cases of TE were caused by PD, and this increased to 70.8% in 2013, while the number of cases of IEPD increased from 42.8% to 54.9% over the same period. The incidence rates of extraction due to acute and chronic PD increased monotonically. We found that the incidence rates of TE, EPD, and IEPD were all 2-fold higher among patients with high income levels and those who were not beneficiaries of health insurance. Conclusions The rates of TE, EPD, and IEPD have been steadily increasing despite dental healthcare policies to expand public health insurance coverage, increasing the accessibility of dental clinics. Moreover, the effects of these policies were found to vary with both income and education levels. Consistent patient follow-up is required to observe changes in trends regarding tooth extraction according to changes in dental healthcare policies, and meticulous studies of such changes will ensure optimal policy reviews and revisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Wonkwang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Oh
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Health Insurance Research, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yeon-Tae Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Wonkwang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ye-Sol Park
- Department of Periodontology, Wonkwang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong-Nyum Jeong
- Department of Periodontology, Wonkwang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Wang L, Cheng L, Yuan B, Hong X, Hu T. Association between socio-economic status and dental caries in elderly people in Sichuan Province, China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016557. [PMID: 28947446 PMCID: PMC5623543 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As a vulnerable group, the elders' oral health gained less attention, particularly the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and dental caries. This study aimed to assess the associations and to explore the effects of confounders on the associations in elderly people. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS 3 neighbourhood committees and 3 village committees in Sichuan Province, China. PARTICIPANTS 744 people (362 men and 382 women) aged 65-74 years were included. OUTCOME MEASURES Oral health outcomes included the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index and its components. SES was assigned by educational level, household income and type of household. The bivariate association between the participants' characteristics and DMFT was analysed using non-parametric tests. Four logistic regression models were used to analyse the associations between SES and dental caries by regulating confounders. RESULTS Poor oral health was observed in these participants. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between SES and DMFT (p﹤0.05). Only adjusting gender, high educational level (adjusted (AOR)=0.34, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.66), high household income (AOR=0.47, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.77) were protective factors against dental caries, and living in agricultural families (AOR=1.86, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.63) was risk factor (p﹤0.05). After adjusting other confounders, SES was partly related to the dental caries. Moreover, an interaction existed among SES indicators. CONCLUSIONS SES is associated with dental caries, and older people with low SES have poor oral health. The associations were explained partly by diet, behaviour and awareness. Our results provide effective evidence in targeted policy-making and intervention measures and implicate that pertinence measures, economic assistance and medical insurance funds should be provided to older people of low SES. Furthermore, a follow-up design should attempt to confirm the causal relationship between SES and dental caries and evaluate the effect of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Hong
- Department of General Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Matsuyama Y, Aida J, Tsuboya T, Hikichi H, Kondo K, Kawachi I, Osaka K. Are Lowered Socioeconomic Circumstances Causally Related to Tooth Loss? A Natural Experiment Involving the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186:54-62. [PMID: 28472254 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health status is correlated with socioeconomic status. However, the causal nature of the relationship is not established. Here we describe a natural experiment involving deteriorating socioeconomic circumstances following exposure to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. We investigated the relationship between subjective economic deterioration and housing damage due to the disaster and tooth loss in a cohort of community-dwelling residents (n = 3,039), from whom we obtained information about socioeconomic status and health status in 2010 (i.e., predating the disaster). A follow-up survey was performed in 2013 (postdisaster), and 82.1% of the 4,380 eligible survivors responded. We estimated the impact of subjective economic deterioration and housing damage due to the disaster on tooth loss by fitting an instrumental variable probit model. Subjective economic deterioration and housing damage due to the disaster were significantly associated with 8.1% and 1.7% increases in the probability of tooth loss (probit coefficients were 0.469 (95% confidence interval: 0.065, 0.872) and 0.103 (95% confidence interval: 0.011, 0.196), respectively). In this natural experiment, we confirmed the causal relationship between deteriorating socioeconomic circumstances and tooth loss.
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Park BR, Ma JK, Park KB, Hong KW. Recapitulation of Genome-wide Association Study on Chronic Periodontitis in a Korean Population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.15616/bsl.2017.23.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ruem Park
- TheragenEtex Bio Institute, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Korea
| | | | | | - Kyung-Won Hong
- TheragenEtex Bio Institute, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Korea
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24
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The association of dietary vitamin C intake with periodontitis among Korean adults: Results from KNHANES Ⅳ. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177074. [PMID: 28489936 PMCID: PMC5425026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds The association of dietary vitamin C (vit C) on periodontitis requires more valid evidence from large representative samples to enable sufficient adjustments. This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary vit C intake and periodontitis after controlling for various confounders in the representative Korean adult population Method A total of 10,930 Korean adults (≥19 years) from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set were included in this cross-sectional study. Periodontitis was defined as community periodontal index score of 3 or 4. Dietary vit C intake was estimated from a 24-hour dietary record, and categorized into adequate and inadequate according to the Korean Estimated Average Requirement value. Potential confounders included age, sex, income, frequency of tooth brushing, use of floss, dental visit, drinking, smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. A multivariable logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis were applied. Results Those with inadequate dietary vit C intake were more likely by 1.16 times to have periodontitis than those with adequate dietary vit C intake (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.29). Lowest and middle-low quartile of dietary vit C intake, compared to highest quartile of dietary vit C intake, showed significant association (aOR = 1.28 and 1.22 respectively), which was in a biological-gradient relationship (trend-p <0.05). Conclusions Our data showed that inadequate dietary vit C intake was independently associated with periodontitis among Korean adults. Hence, adequate intake of dietary vitamin C could be substantially important on the promotion of periodontal health among Korean adults.
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Park HJ, Lee JH, Park S, Kim TI. Changes in dental care access upon health care benefit expansion to include scaling. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2016; 46:405-414. [PMID: 28050318 PMCID: PMC5200866 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2016.46.6.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a policy change to expand Korean National Health Insurance (KNHI) benefit coverage to include scaling on access to dental care at the national level. Methods A nationally representative sample of 12,794 adults aged 20 to 64 years from Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2010–2014) was analyzed. To examine the effect of the policy on the outcomes of interest (unmet dental care needs and preventive dental care utilization in the past year), an estimates-based probit model was used, incorporating marginal effects with a complex sampling structure. The effect of the policy on individuals depending on their income and education level was also assessed. Results Adjusting for potential covariates, the probability of having unmet needs for dental care decreased by 6.1% and preventative dental care utilization increased by 14% in the post-policy period compared to those in the pre-policy period (2010, 2012). High income and higher education levels were associated with fewer unmet dental care needs and more preventive dental visits. Conclusions The expansion of coverage to include scaling demonstrated to have a significant association with decreasing unmet dental care needs and increasing preventive dental care utilization. However, the policy disproportionately benefited certain groups, in contrast with the objective of the policy to benefit all participants in the KNHI system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jung Park
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University College of Health Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Hyup Lee
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University College of Health Sciences, Seoul, Korea.; BK21 PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Department of Public Health Sciences, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sujin Park
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University College of Health Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon YJ, Jeon KJ, Chung TH, Lee YJ. Elevated leukocyte count is associated with periodontitis in Korean adults: the 2012-2014 KNHANES. Oral Dis 2016; 23:241-246. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - K-J Jeon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology; Yong-in Severance Hospital; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Yong-in Korea
| | - T-H Chung
- Severance check-up; Severance Hospital; Yonsei University Health System; Seoul Korea
| | - Y-J Lee
- Department of Family Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Lee JH, Lee JS, Choi JK, Kweon HI, Kim YT, Choi SH. National dental policies and socio-demographic factors affecting changes in the incidence of periodontal treatments in Korean: A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study from 2002-2013. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:118. [PMID: 27814698 PMCID: PMC5097391 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental insurance coverage has recently expanded in Korea. The number of patients diagnosed with periodontal disease (PD), and the actual number of periodontally compromised patients has increased. However, few studies have investigated the relationships between the prevalence of periodontal disease and the incidence of PD treatment, dental insurance policies, and socio-demographic factors. To determine the incidence of periodontal treatments required, the comprehensive longitudinal data of the National Health Insurance Service were used. This study evaluated changes in the incidence of periodontal treatments, using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Cohort Database. METHODS A random stratified sample of 1,025,340 Korean patients was selected from National Health Insurance database, using 1,476 multistage samplings (of sex, age, and income level) for 12 years from 2002 to 2013. Chi-square analysis, and univariate, and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the association of socio-demographic factors with the prevalence of PD and the incidence of periodontal treatment. RESULTS The incidence of periodontal treatment steadily and significantly increased, in both male and female participants, from 2002 to 2013. The increase was associated with socio-demographic factors and changes in national dental insurance policies. The incidence of periodontal treatment evaluated by age is influenced by the changes in national dental policies. These results suggest that the increase in patients diagnosed with PD reflects changes in dental policies and insurance benefits. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that national dental policies and socio-demographic factors are related to the incidence of periodontal treatments. The incidence of periodontal treatment is significantly related to the expansion of insurance coverage in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon, 35233, South Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Health Insurance Research, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, Goyang, 10444, South Korea
| | - Hye-In Kweon
- Department of Periodontology, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, 100 Ilsan-ro Ilsan-donggu, Goyang, 10444, South Korea
| | - Young-Taek Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, 100 Ilsan-ro Ilsan-donggu, Goyang, 10444, South Korea.
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Park JB, Han K, Park YG, Ko Y. Association between socioeconomic status and oral health behaviors: The 2008-2010 Korea national health and nutrition examination survey. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2657-2664. [PMID: 27703514 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES) has been reported to be associated with oral health behavior. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the relationship between SES and oral health behaviors in a large sample of the Korean population. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted between 2008 and 2010 by the Division of Chronic Disease Surveillance under the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare, were used in the present study. Daily tooth brushing frequency and the use of secondary oral products according to demographic variables and anthropometric characteristics of the participants were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the associations between daily tooth brushing frequency and the use of secondary oral products, and SES, urban/rural residence, body mass index (BMI), alcohol intake and smoking. An association between SES and tooth brushing frequency and the use of secondary oral products was detected after adjustment. Following adjustment for age, gender, BMI, smoking, drinking, exercise, energy intake, fat intake, periodontal treatment needs and education or income, the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of tooth brushing ≥3 per day in the highest income group were 1.264 (95% CI, 1.094-1.460) and 2.686 (95% CI, 2.286-3.155) for highest education level group. The adjusted odds ratios for the use of secondary oral products in the highest income and highest education groups were 1.835 (95% CI, 1.559-2.161) and 5.736 (95% CI, 4.734-6.951), respectively, after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, BMI, exercise, calorie intake, periodontal treatment requirements or income. The present study demonstrated an association between SES and oral health behaviors in a large sample of the Korean population. Within the limits of the present study, income and education were suggested as potential risk indicators for oral health behaviors; therefore, patients with a low SES should be investigated further, in relation to oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Beom Park
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Gyu Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkyung Ko
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Jeong B, Joo HT, Shin HS, Lim MH, Park JC. Geographic information system analysis on the distribution of patients visiting the periodontology department at a dental college hospital. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2016; 46:207-17. [PMID: 27382508 PMCID: PMC4928208 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2016.46.3.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to analyze and visualize the distribution of patients visiting the periodontology department at a dental college hospital, using a geographic information system (GIS) to utilize these data in patient care and treatment planning, which may help to assess the risk and prevent periodontal diseases. METHODS Basic patient information data were obtained from Dankook University Dental Hospital, including the unit number, gender, date of birth, and address, down to the dong (neighborhood) administrative district unit, of 306,656 patients who visited the hospital between 2007 and 2014. The data of only 26,457 patients who visited the periodontology department were included in this analysis. The patient distribution was visualized using GIS. Statistical analyses including multiple regression, logistic regression, and geographically weighted regression were performed using SAS 9.3 and ArcGIS 10.1. Five factors, namely proximity, accessibility, age, gender, and socioeconomic status, were investigated as the explanatory variables of the patient distribution. RESULTS The visualized patient data showed a nationwide scale of the patient distribution. The mean distance from each patient's regional center to the hospital was 30.94±29.62 km and was inversely proportional to the number of patients from the respective regions. The distance from a regional center to the adjacent toll gate had various effects depending on the local distance from the hospital. The average age of the patients was 52.41±12.97 years. Further, a majority of regions showed a male dominance. Personal income had inconsistent results between analyses. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of patients is significantly affected by the proximity, accessibility, age, gender and socioeconomic status of patients, and the patients visiting the periodontology department travelled farther distances than those visiting the other departments. The underlying reason for this needs to be analyzed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungjoon Jeong
- Department of Dentistry, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun-Tae Joo
- Department of Urban Planning, Hanyang University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Seung Shin
- Department of Periodontology, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Lim
- Department of Urban Planning & Real Estate, Dankook University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jung-Chul Park
- Department of Periodontology, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea
- Eastman Dental Institute, UCL, London, UK
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Ahn YB, Shin MS, Byun JS, Kim HD. The association of hypertension with periodontitis is highlighted in female adults: results from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42:998-1005. [PMID: 26461204 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association of hypertension and high systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) with periodontitis in a nationally representative Korean adult population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total of 14,625 participants of Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV) aged over 19 years were cross-sectionally surveyed. Periodontitis was defined as CPI score of 3 or 4. Hypertension was categorized as: normotensive (SBP < 120 mmHg and DBP < 80 mmHg), pre-hypertensive (120 < SBP < 140 mmHg or 80 < DBP < 90 mmHg) and hypertensive (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication). Multivariate Poisson regression analyses were performed controlling for age, sex, household income, drinking, smoking, physical activity, obesity, hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes mellitus. Stratified analyses were performed to identify specific risk groups. RESULTS Hypertension showed a significant positive association with periodontitis in the fully adjusted model in female adults with a dose-response relationship. This association was highlighted in females aged 30-59 years (prevalence ratio = 1.25; 95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.40). The strength of the association was highest in females aged 30-39 years and decreased with increasing age. Among females aged 30-59 years, high-risk groups of this link were lower middle income quartile, never drinker and non-diabetes groups for both pre-hypertension and hypertension. CONCLUSION Our data showed that hypertension was associated with periodontitis in Korean female adults independent of known confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Been Ahn
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Seop Shin
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Byun
- Department of Applied Statistics, College of IT, Hanshin University, Osan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Hyun-Duck Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Hong KW, Shin MS, Ahn YB, Lee HJ, Kim HD. Genomewide association study on chronic periodontitis in Korean population: results from the Yangpyeong health cohort. J Clin Periodontol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Won Hong
- Theragen Etex Bio Institute; Suwonsi Gyeonggi-do Korea
- Division of Biomedical Informatics; Center for Genome Science; National Institute of Health; KCDC; Cheongju-si Chungbuk Korea
| | - Myung-Seop Shin
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Daehak-ro Seoul Korea
| | - Yoo-Been Ahn
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Daehak-ro Seoul Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Lee
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Daehak-ro Seoul Korea
| | - Hyun-Duck Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Daehak-ro Seoul Korea
- Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Daehak-ro Seoul Korea
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Lee JH, Lee JS, Park JY, Choi JK, Kim DW, Kim YT, Choi SH. Association of Lifestyle-Related Comorbidities With Periodontitis: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1567. [PMID: 26376407 PMCID: PMC4635821 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the association of periodontitis with lifestyle-related comorbidities (LCs) using data in the Korean National Health Insurance Cohort Database from 2002 to 2013. This was a retrospective study involving a large national cohort with patient samples (representing 2% of the total Korean population) stratified on the basis of sociodemographic information. Using this precisely extracted database, the correlations between LCs (cerebral infarction, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, and obesity) and periodontitis were investigated while adjusting for confounding bias. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate differences in variable factors. Among a total of 1,025,340 samples, 321,103 (31.3%) cases were diagnosed with periodontitis. Statistically significant associations were found between all LCs except myocardial infarction and periodontitis (P < 0.005). Periodontitis is significantly and positively correlated with LCs (except for myocardial infarction) after adjusting for confounding bias. In particular, lifestyle-related diseases, erectile dysfunction, and osteoporosis seem to be intimately related to periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Lee
- From the Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul (J-HL, J-SL, J-YP, S-HC); Department of Health Insurance Research (J-KC); Department of Policy Research Affairs (D-WK); and Department of Periodontology, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, Goyang, Korea (Y-TK)
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