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Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Chen S, Du Y, Deng L, Liu L, Li X, Chen W, Xu Z, Xiong Y, Ming Y, Fang S, Chen L, Wang H, Yu D. Transcription factor OsWRKY11 induces rice heading at low concentrations but inhibits rice heading at high concentrations. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:1385-1407. [PMID: 38818952 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The heading date of rice is a crucial agronomic characteristic that influences its adaptability to different regions and its productivity potential. Despite the involvement of WRKY transcription factors in various biological processes related to development, the precise mechanisms through which these transcription factors regulate the heading date in rice have not been well elucidated. The present study identified OsWRKY11 as a WRKY transcription factor which exhibits a pivotal function in the regulation of the heading date in rice through a comprehensive screening of a clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) ‒ CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 mutant library that specifically targets the WRKY genes in rice. The heading date of oswrky11 mutant plants and OsWRKY11-overexpressing plants was delayed compared with that of the wild-type plants under short-day and long-day conditions. Mechanistic investigation revealed that OsWRKY11 exerts dual effects on transcriptional promotion and suppression through direct and indirect DNA binding, respectively. Under normal conditions, OsWRKY11 facilitates flowering by directly inducing the expression of OsMADS14 and OsMADS15. The presence of elevated levels of OsWRKY11 protein promote formation of a ternary protein complex involving OsWRKY11, Heading date 1 (Hd1), and Days to heading date 8 (DTH8), and this complex then suppresses the expression of Ehd1, which leads to a delay in the heading date. Subsequent investigation revealed that a mild drought condition resulted in a modest increase in OsWRKY11 expression, promoting heading. Conversely, under severe drought conditions, a significant upregulation of OsWRKY11 led to the suppression of Ehd1 expression, ultimately causing a delay in heading date. Our findings uncover a previously unacknowledged mechanism through which the transcription factor OsWRKY11 exerts a dual impact on the heading date by directly and indirectly binding to the promoters of target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Yunwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shidie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650092, China
| | - Yang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Luyao Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650092, China
| | - Wanqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhiyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yangyang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - You Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Siyu Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ligang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
| | - Houping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Diqiu Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650092, China
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Tang L, Li G, Wang H, Zhao J, Li Z, Liu X, Shu Y, Liu W, Wang S, Huang J, Ying J, Tong X, Yuan W, Wei X, Tang S, Wang Y, Bu Q, Zhang J. Exogenous abscisic acid represses rice flowering via SAPK8-ABF1-Ehd1/Ehd2 pathway. J Adv Res 2024; 59:35-47. [PMID: 37399924 PMCID: PMC11081964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rice flowering is a major agronomic trait, determining yield and ecological adaptability in particular regions. ABA plays an essential role in rice flowering, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely elusive. OBJECTIVES In this study, we demonstrated a "SAPK8-ABF1-Ehd1/Ehd2" pathway, through which exogenous ABA represses rice flowering in a photoperiod-independent manner. METHODS We generated abf1 and sapk8 mutants using the CRISPR-Cas9 method. Using yeast two-hybrid, Pull down, BiFC and kinase assays, SAPK8 interacted and phosphorylated ABF1. ABF1 directly bound to the promoters of Ehd1 and Ehd2 using ChIP-qPCR, EMSA, and LUC transient transcriptional activity assay, and suppressed the transcription of these genes. RESULTS Under both long day and short day conditions, simultaneous knock-out of ABF1 and its homolog bZIP40 accelerated flowering, while SAPK8 and ABF1 over-expression lines exhibited delayed flowering and hypersensitivity to ABA-mediated flowering repression. After perceiving the ABA signal, SAPK8 physically binds to and phosphorylates ABF1 to enhance its binding to the promoters of master positive flowering regulators Ehd1 and Ehd2. Upon interacting with FIE2, ABF1 recruited PRC2 complex to deposit H3K27me3 suppressive histone modification on Ehd1 and Ehd2 to suppress these genes transcription, thereby leading to later flowering. CONCLUSION Our work highlighted the biological functions of SAPK8 and ABF1 in ABA signaling, flowering control and the involvement of a PRC2-mediated epigenetic repression mechanism in the transcription regulation governed by ABF1 on ABA-mediated rice flowering repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Tang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Guanghao Li
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yazhou Shu
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Wanning Liu
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Jie Huang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Jiezheng Ying
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Wenya Yuan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Qingyun Bu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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Soma F, Kitomi Y, Kawakatsu T, Uga Y. Life-Cycle Multiomics of Rice Shoots Reveals Growth Stage-Specific Effects of Drought Stress and Time-Lag Drought Responses. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:156-168. [PMID: 37929886 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Field-grown rice plants are exposed to various stresses at different stages of their life cycle, but little is known about the effects of stage-specific stresses on phenomes and transcriptomes. In this study, we performed integrated time-course multiomics on rice at 3-d intervals from seedling to heading stage under six drought conditions in a well-controlled growth chamber. Drought stress at seedling and reproductive stages reduced yield performance by reducing seed number and setting rate, respectively. High temporal resolution analysis revealed that drought response occurred in two steps: a rapid response via the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway and a slightly delayed DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN (DREB) pathway, allowing plants to respond flexibly to deteriorating soil water conditions. Our long-term time-course multiomics showed that temporary drought stress delayed flowering due to prolonged expression of the flowering repressor gene GRAIN NUMBER, PLANT HEIGHT AND HEADING DATE 7 (Ghd7) and delayed expression of the florigen genes HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a) and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1). Our life-cycle multiomics dataset on rice shoots under drought conditions provides a valuable resource for further functional genomic studies to improve crop resilience to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyuki Soma
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kan-non-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518 Japan
| | - Yuka Kitomi
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kan-non-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518 Japan
| | - Taiji Kawakatsu
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kan-non-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604 Japan
| | - Yusaku Uga
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kan-non-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518 Japan
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Fan F, Cheng M, Yuan H, Li N, Liu M, Cai M, Luo X, Ahmad A, Li N, Li S. A transposon-derived gene family regulates heading date in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 337:111871. [PMID: 37722508 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of transposon domestication, transposon-derived proteins often acquire important biological functions. However, there have been limited studies on transposon-derived proteins in rice, and a systematic analysis of transposon-derived genes is lacking. Here, for the first time, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the DDE_Tnp_4 (DDE) gene family, which originated from transposons but lost their transpositional ability and acquired new gene functions in Oryza species. A total of 58 DDE family genes, categorized into six groups, were identified in Oryza species, including 13 OsDDE genes in Oryza sativa ssp. japonica. Our analysis indicates that gene duplication events were not the primary mechanism behind the expansion of OsDDE genes in rice. Promoter cis-element analysis combined with haplotype analysis confirmed that OsDDEs regulate the heading date in rice. Specifically, OsDDE9 is a nuclear-localized protein expressed ubiquitously, which promotes heading date by regulating the expression of Ghd7 and Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variations in the OsDDE9 promoter leads to changes in promoter activity, resulting in variations in heading dates. This study provides valuable insights into the molecular function and mechanism of the OsDDE genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mingxing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huanran Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Nannan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Manman Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Meng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Nengwu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shaoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Vicentini G, Biancucci M, Mineri L, Chirivì D, Giaume F, Miao Y, Kyozuka J, Brambilla V, Betti C, Fornara F. Environmental control of rice flowering time. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100610. [PMID: 37147799 PMCID: PMC10504588 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Correct measurement of environmental parameters is fundamental for plant fitness and survival, as well as for timing developmental transitions, including the switch from vegetative to reproductive growth. Important parameters that affect flowering time include day length (photoperiod) and temperature. Their response pathways have been best described in Arabidopsis, which currently offers a detailed conceptual framework and serves as a comparison for other species. Rice, the focus of this review, also possesses a photoperiodic flowering pathway, but 150 million years of divergent evolution in very different environments have diversified its molecular architecture. The ambient temperature perception pathway is strongly intertwined with the photoperiod pathway and essentially converges on the same genes to modify flowering time. When observing network topologies, it is evident that the rice flowering network is centered on EARLY HEADING DATE 1, a rice-specific transcriptional regulator. Here, we summarize the most important features of the rice photoperiodic flowering network, with an emphasis on its uniqueness, and discuss its connections with hormonal, temperature perception, and stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Vicentini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Biancucci
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mineri
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Chirivì
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Giaume
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Yiling Miao
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Kyozuka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Vittoria Brambilla
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Betti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Fornara
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Mineri L, Cerise M, Giaume F, Vicentini G, Martignago D, Chiara M, Galbiati F, Spada A, Horner D, Fornara F, Brambilla V. Rice florigens control a common set of genes at the shoot apical meristem including the F-BOX BROADER TILLER ANGLE 1 that regulates tiller angle and spikelet development. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1647-1660. [PMID: 37285314 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rice flowering is triggered by transcriptional reprogramming at the shoot apical meristem (SAM) mediated by florigenic proteins produced in leaves in response to changes in photoperiod. Florigens are more rapidly expressed under short days (SDs) compared to long days (LDs) and include the HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a) and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (RFT1) phosphatidylethanolamine binding proteins. Hd3a and RFT1 are largely redundant at converting the SAM into an inflorescence, but whether they activate the same target genes and convey all photoperiodic information that modifies gene expression at the SAM is currently unclear. We uncoupled the contribution of Hd3a and RFT1 to transcriptome reprogramming at the SAM by RNA sequencing of dexamethasone-inducible over-expressors of single florigens and wild-type plants exposed to photoperiodic induction. Fifteen highly differentially expressed genes common to Hd3a, RFT1, and SDs were retrieved, 10 of which still uncharacterized. Detailed functional studies on some candidates revealed a role for LOC_Os04g13150 in determining tiller angle and spikelet development and the gene was renamed BROADER TILLER ANGLE 1 (BRT1). We identified a core set of genes controlled by florigen-mediated photoperiodic induction and defined the function of a novel florigen target controlling tiller angle and spikelet development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Mineri
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Cerise
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Giaume
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Vicentini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Damiano Martignago
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiara
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Galbiati
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Spada
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - David Horner
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Fornara
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Brambilla
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Lu K, Guo Z, Di S, Lu Y, Muhammad IAR, Rong C, Ding Y, Li W, Ding C. OsMFT1 Inhibits Seed Germination by Modulating Abscisic Acid Signaling and Gibberellin Biosynthesis under Salt Stress in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:674-685. [PMID: 37022148 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Seed dormancy and germination are regulated by endogenous gene expression as well as hormonal and environmental conditions, such as salinity, which greatly inhibits seed germination. MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 (MFT), which encodes a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, is a key regulator of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. There are two orthologous genes of AtMFT in rice (Oryza sativa), namely, OsMFT1 and OsMFT2. However, the functions of these two genes in regulating rice seed germination under salt stress remain unknown. In this study, we found that seeds of loss-of-function osmft1 mutants germinated faster than wild-type (WT) seeds under salt stress, but this was not the case for loss-of-function osmft2 mutants. Overexpression of OsMFT1 (OsMFT1OE) or OsMFT2 increased the sensitivity to salt stress during seed germination. Transcriptome comparisons of osmft1 vs WT in the absence and presence of salt stress yielded several differentially expressed genes, which were associated with salt stress, plant hormone metabolism and signaling pathways, such as B-BOX ZINC FINGER 6, O. sativa bZIP PROTEIN 8 and GIBBERELLIN (GA) 20-oxidase 1. In addition, the sensitivity of OsMFT1OE seeds to GA and osmft1 seeds to abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination increased under salt stress. Overall, our results indicate that ABA and GA metabolism and their signaling pathways are regulated by OsMFT1, modulating seed germination in rice under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunxun Lu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ziyu Guo
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shiyu Di
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuyang Lu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Chenyu Rong
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Jilin Da'an Agro-ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Experiment Station, Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Chengqiang Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
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Osnato M. Evolution of flowering time genes in rice: From the paleolithic to the anthropocene. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1046-1059. [PMID: 36411270 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary paths of humans and plants have crossed more than once throughout millennia. While agriculture contributed to the evolution of societies in prehistory, human selection of desirable traits contributed to the evolution of crops during centuries of cultivation. Among cereal crops, rice is currently grown around the globe and represents staple food for almost half of the world population. Over time, rice cultivation has expanded from subtropical to temperate regions thanks to artificial selection of mutants with impaired response to photoperiod. Additional regulatory mechanisms control flowering in response to diverse environmental cues, anticipating or delaying the floral transition to produce seeds in more favourable conditions. Nevertheless, the changing climate is threatening grain production because modern cultivars are sensitive to external fluctuations that go beyond their physiological range. One possibility to guarantee food production could be the exploitation of novel varieties obtained by crossing highly productive Asian rice with stress tolerant African rice. This review explores the genetic basis of the key traits that marked the long journey of rice cultivation from the end of the paleolithic to the anthropocene, with a focus on heading date. By 2050, will rice plants of the future flower in the outer space?
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Osnato
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (ICTA-UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
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9
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Yang Z, Qin F. The battle of crops against drought: Genetic dissection and improvement. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:496-525. [PMID: 36639908 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With ongoing global climate change, water scarcity-induced drought stress remains a major threat to agricultural productivity. Plants undergo a series of physiological and morphological changes to cope with drought stress, including stomatal closure to reduce transpiration and changes in root architecture to optimize water uptake. Combined phenotypic and multi-omics studies have recently identified a number of drought-related genetic resources in different crop species. The functional dissection of these genes using molecular techniques has enriched our understanding of drought responses in crops and has provided genetic targets for enhancing resistance to drought. Here, we review recent advances in the cloning and functional analysis of drought resistance genes and the development of technologies to mitigate the threat of drought to crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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10
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Chirivì D, Betti C. Molecular Links between Flowering and Abiotic Stress Response: A Focus on Poaceae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:331. [PMID: 36679044 PMCID: PMC9866591 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extreme temperatures, drought, salinity and soil pollution are the most common types of abiotic stresses crops can encounter in fields; these variations represent a general warning to plant productivity and survival, being more harmful when in combination. Plant response to such conditions involves the activation of several molecular mechanisms, starting from perception to signaling, transcriptional reprogramming and protein modifications. This can influence the plant's life cycle and development to different extents. Flowering developmental transition is very sensitive to environmental stresses, being critical to reproduction and to agricultural profitability for crops. The Poacee family contains some of the most widespread domesticated plants, such as wheat, barley and rice, which are commonly referred to as cereals and represent a primary food source. In cultivated Poaceae, stress-induced modifications of flowering time and development cause important yield losses by directly affecting seed production. At the molecular level, this reflects important changes in gene expression and protein activity. Here, we present a comprehensive overview on the latest research investigating the molecular pathways linking flowering control to osmotic and temperature extreme conditions in agronomically relevant monocotyledons. This aims to provide hints for biotechnological strategies that can ensure agricultural stability in ever-changing climatic conditions.
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11
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Verslues PE, Bailey-Serres J, Brodersen C, Buckley TN, Conti L, Christmann A, Dinneny JR, Grill E, Hayes S, Heckman RW, Hsu PK, Juenger TE, Mas P, Munnik T, Nelissen H, Sack L, Schroeder JI, Testerink C, Tyerman SD, Umezawa T, Wigge PA. Burning questions for a warming and changing world: 15 unknowns in plant abiotic stress. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:67-108. [PMID: 36018271 PMCID: PMC9806664 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We present unresolved questions in plant abiotic stress biology as posed by 15 research groups with expertise spanning eco-physiology to cell and molecular biology. Common themes of these questions include the need to better understand how plants detect water availability, temperature, salinity, and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels; how environmental signals interface with endogenous signaling and development (e.g. circadian clock and flowering time); and how this integrated signaling controls downstream responses (e.g. stomatal regulation, proline metabolism, and growth versus defense balance). The plasma membrane comes up frequently as a site of key signaling and transport events (e.g. mechanosensing and lipid-derived signaling, aquaporins). Adaptation to water extremes and rising CO2 affects hydraulic architecture and transpiration, as well as root and shoot growth and morphology, in ways not fully understood. Environmental adaptation involves tradeoffs that limit ecological distribution and crop resilience in the face of changing and increasingly unpredictable environments. Exploration of plant diversity within and among species can help us know which of these tradeoffs represent fundamental limits and which ones can be circumvented by bringing new trait combinations together. Better defining what constitutes beneficial stress resistance in different contexts and making connections between genes and phenotypes, and between laboratory and field observations, are overarching challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Craig Brodersen
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Thomas N Buckley
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Lucio Conti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Alexander Christmann
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan 85354, Germany
| | - José R Dinneny
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Erwin Grill
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan 85354, Germany
| | - Scott Hayes
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Heckman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Po-Kai Hsu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Thomas E Juenger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Paloma Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Teun Munnik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Green Life Sciences Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam NL-1098XH, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Julian I Schroeder
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Christa Testerink
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen D Tyerman
- ARC Center Excellence, Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Taishi Umezawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 6708 PB, Japan
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Großbeeren 14979, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
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12
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Weng X, Haque T, Zhang L, Razzaque S, Lovell JT, Palacio-Mejía JD, Duberney P, Lloyd-Reilley J, Bonnette J, Juenger TE. A Pleiotropic Flowering Time QTL Exhibits Gene-by-Environment Interaction for Fitness in a Perennial Grass. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6712601. [PMID: 36149808 PMCID: PMC9550986 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate flowering time is a crucial adaptation impacting fitness in natural plant populations. Although the genetic basis of flowering variation has been extensively studied, its mechanisms in nonmodel organisms and its adaptive value in the field are still poorly understood. Here, we report new insights into the genetic basis of flowering time and its effect on fitness in Panicum hallii, a native perennial grass. Genetic mapping in populations derived from inland and coastal ecotypes identified flowering time quantitative trait loci (QTL) and many exhibited extensive QTL-by-environment interactions. Patterns of segregation within recombinant hybrids provide strong support for directional selection driving ecotypic divergence in flowering time. A major QTL on chromosome 5 (q-FT5) was detected in all experiments. Fine-mapping and expression studies identified a gene with orthology to a rice FLOWERING LOCUS T-like 9 (PhFTL9) as the candidate underlying q-FT5. We used a reciprocal transplant experiment to test for local adaptation and the specific impact of q-FT5 on performance. We did not observe local adaptation in terms of fitness tradeoffs when contrasting ecotypes in home versus away habitats. However, we observed that the coastal allele of q-FT5 conferred a fitness advantage only in its local habitat but not at the inland site. Sequence analyses identified an excess of low-frequency polymorphisms at the PhFTL9 promoter in the inland lineage, suggesting a role for either selection or population expansion on promoter evolution. Together, our findings demonstrate the genetic basis of flowering variation in a perennial grass and provide evidence for conditional neutrality underlying flowering time divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taslima Haque
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Samsad Razzaque
- Present address: Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - John T Lovell
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Juan Diego Palacio-Mejía
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá. Kilómetro 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera. Código postal 250047, Colombia
| | - Perla Duberney
- Kika de la Garza Plant Materials Center, USDA-NRCS, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Jason Bonnette
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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13
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Gu H, Zhang K, Chen J, Gull S, Chen C, Hou Y, Li X, Miao J, Zhou Y, Liang G. OsFTL4, an FT-like Gene, Regulates Flowering Time and Drought Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:47. [PMID: 36068333 PMCID: PMC9448835 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The initiation of flowering in cereals is a critical process influenced by environmental and endogenous signals. Flowering Locus T-like (FT-like) genes encode the main signals for flowering. Of the 13 FT-like genes in the rice genome, Hd3a/OsFTL2 and RFT1/OsFTL3 have been extensively studied and revealed to be critical for flowering. In this study, a rice FT-like gene, OsFTL4, was functionally characterized. Specifically, osftl4 mutants were generated using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared with the wild-type control (Guangluai 4), the osftl4-1 and osftl4-2 mutants flowered 9.6 and 5.8 days earlier under natural long-day and short-day conditions, respectively. Additionally, OsFTL4 was mainly expressed in the vascular tissue, with the resulting OsFTL4 protein localized in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Furthermore, OsFTL4 was observed to compete with Hd3a for the interaction with multiple 14-3-3 proteins. An analysis of the effects of simulated drought stress suggested that silencing OsFTL4 enhances drought tolerance by decreasing stomatal conductance and water loss. These results indicate that OsFTL4 helps integrate the flowering process and the drought response in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houwen Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Kunming Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Sadia Gull
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chuyan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yafei Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiangbo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guohua Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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14
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Hickey K, Wood M, Sexton T, Sahin Y, Nazarov T, Fisher J, Sanguinet KA, Cousins A, Kirchhoff H, Smertenko A. Drought Tolerance Strategies and Autophagy in Resilient Wheat Genotypes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111765. [PMID: 35681460 PMCID: PMC9179661 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought resiliency strategies combine developmental, physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms. Here, we compare drought responses in two resilient spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes: a well-studied drought-resilient Drysdale and a resilient genotype from the US Pacific North-West Hollis. While both genotypes utilize higher water use efficiency through the reduction of stomatal conductance, other mechanisms differ. First, Hollis deploys the drought escape mechanism to a greater extent than Drysdale by accelerating the flowering time and reducing root growth. Second, Drysdale uses physiological mechanisms such as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) to dissipate the excess of harvested light energy and sustain higher Fv/Fm and ϕPSII, whereas Hollis maintains constant NPQ but lower Fv/Fm and ϕPSII values. Furthermore, more electron donors of the electron transport chain are in the oxidized state in Hollis than in Drysdale. Third, many ROS homeostasis parameters, including peroxisome abundance, transcription of peroxisome biogenesis genes PEX11 and CAT, catalase protein level, and enzymatic activity, are higher in Hollis than in Drysdale. Fourth, transcription of autophagy flux marker ATG8.4 is upregulated to a greater degree in Hollis than in Drysdale under drought, whereas relative ATG8 protein abundance under drought stress is lower in Hollis than in Drysdale. These data demonstrate the activation of autophagy in both genotypes and a greater autophagic flux in Hollis. In conclusion, wheat varieties utilize different drought tolerance mechanisms. Combining these mechanisms within one genotype offers a promising strategy to advance crop resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahleen Hickey
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Magnus Wood
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Tom Sexton
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Yunus Sahin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Taras Nazarov
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Jessica Fisher
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Karen A. Sanguinet
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646420, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Asaph Cousins
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (A.S.)
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15
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Wang L, Xie J, Mou C, Jiao Y, Dou Y, Zheng H. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Interaction Between FLOWERING LOCUS T Induction and Photoperiodic Signaling in Response to Spaceflight. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:813246. [PMID: 35178402 PMCID: PMC8844200 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.813246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight has an impact on the growth and development of higher plants at both the vegetative stage and reproductive stage. A great deal of information has been available on the vegetative stage in space, but relatively little is known about the influence of spaceflight on plants at the reproductive stage. In this study, we constructed transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the flowering control gene, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), together with the green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) under control of a heat shock-inducible promoter (HSP17.4), by which we induced FT expression inflight through remote controlling heat shock (HS) treatment. Inflight photography data showed that induction of FT expression in transgenic plants in space under non-inductive short-day conditions could promote flowering and reduce the length of the inflorescence stem in comparison with that of wild-type plants under the same conditions. Whole-genome microarray analysis of gene expression changes in leaves of wild-type and these transgenic plants grown under the long-day and short-day photoperiod conditions in space indicated that the function of the photoperiod-related spaceflight responsive genes is mainly involved in protein synthesis and post-translation protein modulation, notably protein phosphorylation. In addition, changes of the circadian component of gene expression in response to spaceflight under different photoperiods indicated that roles of the circadian oscillator could act as integrators of spaceflight response and photoperiodic signals in Arabidopsis plants grown in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyan Xie
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghong Mou
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Jiao
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Dou
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqiong Zheng
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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16
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Beena R, Kirubakaran S, Nithya N, Manickavelu A, Sah RP, Abida PS, Sreekumar J, Jaslam PM, Rejeth R, Jayalekshmy VG, Roy S, Manju RV, Viji MM, Siddique KHM. Association mapping of drought tolerance and agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:484. [PMID: 34686134 PMCID: PMC8539776 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian cultivars were predominantly represented in global rice panel selected for sequencing and to identify novel alleles for drought tolerance. Diverse genetic resources adapted to Indian subcontinent were not represented much in spite harboring useful alleles that could improve agronomic traits, stress resilience and productivity. These rice accessions are valuable genetic resource in developing rice varieties suited to different rice ecosystem that experiences varying drought stress level, and at different crop stages. A core collection of rice germplasm adapted to Southwestern Indian peninsular genotyped using SSR markers and characterized by contrasting water regimes to associate genomic regions for physiological, root traits and yield related traits. Genotyping-By-Sequencing of selected accessions within the diverse panel revealed haplotype variation in genic content within genomic regions mapped for physiological, morphological and root traits. RESULTS Diverse rice panel (99 accessions) were evaluated in field and measurements on plant physiological, root traits and yield related traits were made over five different seasons experiencing varying drought stress intensity at different crop stages. Traits like chlorophyll stability index, leaf rolling, days to 50% flowering, chlorophyll content, root volume and root biomass were identified as best predictors of grain yield under stress. Association mapping revealed genetic variation among accessions and revealed 14 genomic targets associated with different physiological, root and plant production traits. Certain accessions were found to have beneficial allele to improve traits, plant height, root length and spikelet fertility, that contribute to the grain yield under stress. Genomic characterization of eleven accessions revealed haplotype variation within key genomic targets on chromosomes 1, 4, 6 and 11 for potential use as molecular markers to combine drought avoidance and tolerance traits. Genes mined within the genomic QTL intervals identified were prioritized based on tissue specific expression level in publicly available rice transcriptome data. CONCLUSION The genetic and genomic resources identified will enable combining traits with agronomic value to optimize yield under stress and hasten trait introgression into elite cultivars. Alleles associated with plant height, specific leaf area, root length from PTB8 and spikelet fertility and grain weight from PTB26 can be harnessed in future rice breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Beena
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | | | - Narayanan Nithya
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Alagu Manickavelu
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala India
| | - Rameshwar Prasad Sah
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Rice Research Institute, currently named National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, Odisha India
| | - Puthenpeedikal Salim Abida
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pattambi, Kerala Agricultural University, Palakkad, Kerala India
| | - Janardanan Sreekumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Sreekaryam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | | | - Rajendrakumar Rejeth
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Vijayalayam Gengamma Jayalekshmy
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Stephen Roy
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Ramakrishnan Vimala Manju
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Mariasoosai Mary Viji
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
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17
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Yang Y, Amo A, Wei D, Chai Y, Zheng J, Qiao P, Cui C, Lu S, Chen L, Hu YG. Large-scale integration of meta-QTL and genome-wide association study discovers the genomic regions and candidate genes for yield and yield-related traits in bread wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:3083-3109. [PMID: 34142166 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Based on the large-scale integration of meta-QTL and Genome-Wide Association Study, 76 high-confidence MQTL regions and 237 candidate genes that affected wheat yield and yield-related traits were discovered. Improving yield and yield-related traits are key goals in wheat breeding program. The integration of accumulated wheat genetic resources provides an opportunity to uncover important genomic regions and candidate genes that affect wheat yield. Here, a comprehensive meta-QTL analysis was conducted on 2230 QTL of yield-related traits obtained from 119 QTL studies. These QTL were refined into 145 meta-QTL (MQTL), and 89 MQTL were verified by GWAS with different natural populations. The average confidence interval (CI) of these MQTL was 2.92 times less than that of the initial QTL. Furthermore, 76 core MQTL regions with a physical distance less than 25 Mb were detected. Based on the homology analysis and expression patterns, 237 candidate genes in the MQTL involved in photoperiod response, grain development, multiple plant growth regulator pathways, carbon and nitrogen metabolism and spike and flower organ development were determined. A novel candidate gene TaKAO-4A was confirmed to be significantly associated with grain size, and a CAPS marker was developed based on its dominant haplotype. In summary, this study clarified a method based on the integration of meta-QTL, GWAS and homology comparison to reveal the genomic regions and candidate genes that affect important yield-related traits in wheat. This work will help to lay a foundation for the identification, transfer and aggregation of these important QTL or candidate genes in wheat high-yield breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aduragbemi Amo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Di Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongmao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengfang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunge Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yin-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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18
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Meta-QTL and ortho-MQTL analyses identified genomic regions controlling rice yield, yield-related traits and root architecture under water deficit conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6942. [PMID: 33767323 PMCID: PMC7994909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis is a robust approach for genetic dissection of complex quantitative traits. Rice varieties adapted to non-flooded cultivation are highly desirable in breeding programs due to the water deficit global problem. In order to identify stable QTLs for major agronomic traits under water deficit conditions, we performed a comprehensive MQTL analysis on 563 QTLs from 67 rice populations published from 2001 to 2019. Yield and yield-related traits including grain weight, heading date, plant height, tiller number as well as root architecture-related traits including root dry weight, root length, root number, root thickness, the ratio of deep rooting and plant water content under water deficit condition were investigated. A total of 61 stable MQTLs over different genetic backgrounds and environments were identified. The average confidence interval of MQTLs was considerably refined compared to the initial QTLs, resulted in the identification of some well-known functionally characterized genes and several putative novel CGs for investigated traits. Ortho-MQTL mining based on genomic collinearity between rice and maize allowed identification of five ortho-MQTLs between these two cereals. The results can help breeders to improve yield under water deficit conditions.
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Fatiukha A, Deblieck M, Klymiuk V, Merchuk-Ovnat L, Peleg Z, Ordon F, Fahima T, Korol A, Saranga Y, Krugman T. Genomic Architecture of Phenotypic Plasticity in Response to Water Stress in Tetraploid Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041723. [PMID: 33572141 PMCID: PMC7915520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is one of the main mechanisms of adaptation to abiotic stresses via changes in critical developmental stages. Altering flowering phenology is a key evolutionary strategy of plant adaptation to abiotic stresses, to achieve the maximum possible reproduction. The current study is the first to apply the linear regression residuals as drought plasticity scores while considering the variation in flowering phenology and traits under non-stress conditions. We characterized the genomic architecture of 17 complex traits and their drought plasticity scores for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, using a mapping population derived from a cross between durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) and wild emmer wheat (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides). We identified 79 QTLs affected observed traits and their plasticity scores, of which 33 reflected plasticity in response to water stress and exhibited epistatic interactions and/or pleiotropy between the observed and plasticity traits. Vrn-B3 (TaTF1) residing within an interval of a major drought-escape QTL was proposed as a candidate gene. The favorable alleles for most of the plasticity QTLs were contributed by wild emmer wheat, demonstrating its high potential for wheat improvement. Our study presents a new approach for the quantification of plant adaptation to various stresses and provides new insights into the genetic basis of wheat complex traits under water-deficit stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Fatiukha
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (A.F.); (V.K.); (T.F.); (A.K.)
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Mathieu Deblieck
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany; (M.D.); (F.O.)
| | - Valentyna Klymiuk
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (A.F.); (V.K.); (T.F.); (A.K.)
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Lianne Merchuk-Ovnat
- R. H. Smith Institute of Plant Science & Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (L.M.-O.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zvi Peleg
- R. H. Smith Institute of Plant Science & Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (L.M.-O.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Frank Ordon
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany; (M.D.); (F.O.)
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (A.F.); (V.K.); (T.F.); (A.K.)
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Abraham Korol
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (A.F.); (V.K.); (T.F.); (A.K.)
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Yehoshua Saranga
- R. H. Smith Institute of Plant Science & Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (L.M.-O.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Tamar Krugman
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (A.F.); (V.K.); (T.F.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-04-8240783
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20
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Gol L, Haraldsson EB, von Korff M. Ppd-H1 integrates drought stress signals to control spike development and flowering time in barley. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:122-136. [PMID: 32459309 PMCID: PMC7816852 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought impairs growth and spike development, and is therefore a major cause of yield losses in the temperate cereals barley and wheat. Here, we show that the photoperiod response gene PHOTOPERIOD-H1 (Ppd-H1) interacts with drought stress signals to modulate spike development. We tested the effects of a continuous mild and a transient severe drought stress on developmental timing and spike development in spring barley cultivars with a natural mutation in ppd-H1 and derived introgression lines carrying the wild-type Ppd-H1 allele from wild barley. Mild drought reduced the spikelet number and delayed floral development in spring cultivars but not in the introgression lines with a wild-type Ppd-H1 allele. Similarly, drought-triggered reductions in plant height, and tiller and spike number were more pronounced in the parental lines compared with the introgression lines. Transient severe stress halted growth and floral development; upon rewatering, introgression lines, but not the spring cultivars, accelerated development so that control and stressed plants flowered almost simultaneously. These genetic differences in development were correlated with a differential down-regulation of the flowering promotors FLOWERING LOCUS T1 and the BARLEY MADS-box genes BM3 and BM8. Our findings therefore demonstrate that Ppd-H1 affects developmental plasticity in response to drought in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Gol
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Einar B Haraldsson
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria von Korff
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, ‘SMART Plants for Tomorrows Needs’, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence:
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21
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Cerise M, Giaume F, Galli M, Khahani B, Lucas J, Podico F, Tavakol E, Parcy F, Gallavotti A, Brambilla V, Fornara F. OsFD4 promotes the rice floral transition via florigen activation complex formation in the shoot apical meristem. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:429-443. [PMID: 32737885 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In rice, the florigens Heading Date 3a (Hd3a) and Rice Flowering Locus T 1 (RFT1), OsFD-like basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors, and Gf14 proteins assemble into florigen activation/repressor complexes (FACs/FRCs), which regulate transition to flowering in leaves and apical meristem. Only OsFD1 has been described as part of complexes promoting flowering at the meristem, and little is known about the role of other bZIP transcription factors, the combinatorial complexity of FAC formation, and their DNA-binding properties. Here, we used mutant analysis, protein-protein interaction assays and DNA affinity purification (DAP) sequencing coupled to in silico prediction of binding syntaxes to study several bZIP proteins that assemble into FACs or FRCs. We identified OsFD4 as a component of a FAC promoting flowering at the shoot apical meristem, downstream of OsFD1. The osfd4 mutants are late flowering and delay expression of genes promoting inflorescence development. Protein-protein interactions indicate an extensive network of contacts between several bZIPs and Gf14 proteins. Finally, we identified genomic regions bound by bZIPs with promotive and repressive effects on flowering. We conclude that distinct bZIPs orchestrate floral induction at the meristem and that FAC formation is largely combinatorial. While binding to the same consensus motif, their DNA-binding syntax is different, suggesting discriminatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cerise
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20123, Italy
- Department of Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, D-50829, Germany
| | - Francesca Giaume
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20123, Italy
| | - Mary Galli
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Bahman Khahani
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Jérémy Lucas
- CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG-DBSCI-LPCV, University Grenoble Alpes, 17 avenue des martyrs, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - Federico Podico
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20123, Italy
| | - Elahe Tavakol
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
| | - François Parcy
- CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG-DBSCI-LPCV, University Grenoble Alpes, 17 avenue des martyrs, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - Andrea Gallavotti
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Vittoria Brambilla
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20123, Italy
| | - Fabio Fornara
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20123, Italy
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22
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Yoshida T, Fernie AR, Shinozaki K, Takahashi F. Long-distance stress and developmental signals associated with abscisic acid signaling in environmental responses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:477-488. [PMID: 33249671 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flowering plants consist of highly differentiated organs, including roots, leaves, shoots and flowers, which have specific roles: root system for water and nutrient uptake, leaves for photosynthesis and gas exchange and reproductive organs for seed production. The communication between organs through the vascular system, by which water, nutrient and signaling molecules are transported, is essential for coordinated growth and development of the whole plant, particularly under adverse conditions. Here, we highlight recent progress in understanding how signaling pathways of plant hormones are associated with long-distance stress and developmental signals, with particular focus on environmental stress responses. In addition to the root-to-shoot peptide signal that induces abscisic acid accumulation in leaves under drought stress conditions, we summarize the diverse stress-responsive peptide signals reported to date to play a role in environmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yoshida
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fuminori Takahashi
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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23
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Roeber VM, Schmülling T, Cortleven A. The Photoperiod: Handling and Causing Stress in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:781988. [PMID: 35145532 PMCID: PMC8821921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.781988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The photoperiod, which is the length of the light period in the diurnal cycle of 24 h, is an important environmental signal. Plants have evolved sensitive mechanisms to measure the length of the photoperiod. Photoperiod sensing enables plants to synchronize developmental processes, such as the onset of flowering, with a specific time of the year, and enables them to alleviate the impact of environmental stresses occurring at the same time every year. During the last years, the importance of the photoperiod for plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses has received increasing attention. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the signaling pathways involved in the photoperiod-dependent regulation of responses to abiotic (freezing, drought, osmotic stress) and biotic stresses. A central role of GIGANTEA (GI), which is a key player in the regulation of photoperiod-dependent flowering, in stress responses is highlighted. Special attention is paid to the role of the photoperiod in regulating the redox state of plants. Furthermore, an update on photoperiod stress, which is caused by sudden alterations in the photoperiod, is given. Finally, we will review and discuss the possible use of photoperiod-induced stress as a sustainable resource to enhance plant resistance to biotic stress in horticulture.
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24
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Martignago D, Siemiatkowska B, Lombardi A, Conti L. Abscisic Acid and Flowering Regulation: Many Targets, Different Places. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9700. [PMID: 33353251 PMCID: PMC7767233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants can react to drought stress by anticipating flowering, an adaptive strategy for plant survival in dry climates known as drought escape (DE). In Arabidopsis, the study of DE brought to surface the involvement of abscisic acid (ABA) in controlling the floral transition. A central question concerns how and in what spatial context can ABA signals affect the floral network. In the leaf, ABA signaling affects flowering genes responsible for the production of the main florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). At the shoot apex, FD and FD-like transcription factors interact with FT and FT-like proteins to regulate ABA responses. This knowledge will help separate general and specific roles of ABA signaling with potential benefits to both biology and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucio Conti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria, 26-20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (B.S.); (A.L.)
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25
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Wang Y, Lu Y, Guo Z, Ding Y, Ding C. RICE CENTRORADIALIS 1, a TFL1-like Gene, Responses to Drought Stress and Regulates Rice Flowering Transition. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:70. [PMID: 32970268 PMCID: PMC7516004 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The initiation of flowering transition in rice (Oryza sativa) is a complex process regulated by genes and environment. In particular, drought can interfere with flowering; therefore, many plants hasten this process to shorten their life cycle under water scarcity, and this is known as drought-escape response. However, rice has other strategies; for example, drought stress can delay flowering instead of accelerating it. RICE CENTRORADIALIS 1 (RCN1) is a TERMINAL FLOWER-like gene that influences rice flowering transition and spike differentiation. It interacts with 14-3-3 proteins and transcription factor OsFD1 to form a florigen repression complex that suppresses flowering transition in rice. RESULTS In this study, we explored the role of RCN1 in the molecular pathway of drought-regulated flowering transition. The rcn1 mutant plants displayed early heading under both normal water and drought stress conditions, and they were more insensitive to drought stress than the wild-type plants. Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling-mediated drought-induced RCN1 is involved in this process. CONCLUSIONS Thus, RCN1 plays an important role in the process of drought stress inhibiting flowering transition. It may worked by suppressing the protein function rather than transcription of HEADING DATE 3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Lu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Guo
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengqiang Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Shim JS, Jang G. Environmental Signal-Dependent Regulation of Flowering Time in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176155. [PMID: 32858992 PMCID: PMC7504671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition from the vegetative to the reproductive stage of growth is a critical event in the lifecycle of a plant and is required for the plant’s reproductive success. Flowering time is tightly regulated by an internal time-keeping system and external light conditions, including photoperiod, light quality, and light quantity. Other environmental factors, such as drought and temperature, also participate in the regulation of flowering time. Thus, flexibility in flowering time in response to environmental factors is required for the successful adaptation of plants to the environment. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which internal and environmental signals are integrated to regulate flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa).
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27
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Ogbaga CC, Athar HUR, Amir M, Bano H, Chater CC, Jellason NP. Clarity on frequently asked questions about drought measurements in plant physiology. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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28
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Whankaew S, Kaewmanee S, Ruttajorn K, Phongdara A. Indel marker analysis of putative stress-related genes reveals genetic diversity and differentiation of rice landraces in peninsular Thailand. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1237-1247. [PMID: 32549686 PMCID: PMC7266884 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Genetic assessment of rice landraces is important for germplasm evaluation and genetic resource utilization. Rice landraces in peninsular Thailand have adapted to unique environmental stresses over time and have great significance as a genetic resource for crop improvement. In this study, rice landraces derived from rice research centers and farmers from different areas of peninsular Thailand were genetically assessed using 16 polymorphic InDel markers from putative stress-related genes. A total of 36 alleles were obtained. The average PIC value was 0.27/marker. The FST varied from 0.46 to 1.00. Genetic diversity was observed both within and between populations. AMOVA indicated that genetic variations occurred mainly between populations (70%) rather than within populations (30%). The dendrogram, population structure, and PCoA scatter plot clearly demonstrated the differentiation of the two major groups, i.e., landraces from upland and lowland rice ecosystems. The unique alleles of Indel1922, -2543, -6746, -7447 and -8538, which lie in genes encoding putative WAX2, heavy metal-associated domain-containing protein, GA20ox2, PTF1, and PLETHORA2, respectively, were only found in rice from upland ecosystems. Putative WAX2, GA20ox2, and PLETHORA2 are likely related to drought and salt stress. Our findings demonstrate the diversity of landraces in peninsular Thailand. The preservation of these landraces should be facilitated with effective markers to maintain all variant alleles and to protect the genetic diversity. Indel1922, -2543, -6746, -7447 and -8538 have the potential to differentiate upland rice from lowland rice. Furthermore, Indel1922, -6746 and -8538 might be effective markers for drought and salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhuman Whankaew
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
| | - Siriluk Kaewmanee
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
| | - Kedsirin Ruttajorn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phatthalung, 93210 Thailand
| | - Amornrat Phongdara
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
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29
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Forestan C, Farinati S, Zambelli F, Pavesi G, Rossi V, Varotto S. Epigenetic signatures of stress adaptation and flowering regulation in response to extended drought and recovery in Zea mays. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:55-75. [PMID: 31677283 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
During their lifespan, plants respond to a multitude of stressful factors. Dynamic changes in chromatin and concomitant transcriptional variations control stress response and adaptation, with epigenetic memory mechanisms integrating environmental conditions and appropriate developmental programs over the time. Here we analyzed transcriptome and genome-wide histone modifications of maize plants subjected to a mild and prolonged drought stress just before the flowering transition. Stress was followed by a complete recovery period to evaluate drought memory mechanisms. Three categories of stress-memory genes were identified: i) "transcriptional memory" genes, with stable transcriptional changes persisting after the recovery; ii) "epigenetic memory candidate" genes in which stress-induced chromatin changes persist longer than the stimulus, in absence of transcriptional changes; iii) "delayed memory" genes, not immediately affected by the stress, but perceiving and storing stress signal for a delayed response. This last memory mechanism is described for the first time in drought response. In addition, applied drought stress altered floral patterning, possibly by affecting expression and chromatin of flowering regulatory genes. Altogether, we provided a genome-wide map of the coordination between genes and chromatin marks utilized by plants to adapt to a stressful environment, describing how this serves as a backbone for setting stress memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Forestan
- Department of Agronomy Animals Food Natural Resources and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Silvia Farinati
- Department of Agronomy Animals Food Natural Resources and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Federico Zambelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Pavesi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rossi
- CREA - Centro di Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali (CREA-CI), Via Stezzano 24, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Serena Varotto
- Department of Agronomy Animals Food Natural Resources and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
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30
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Cohen SP, Leach JE. Abiotic and biotic stresses induce a core transcriptome response in rice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6273. [PMID: 31000746 PMCID: PMC6472405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42731-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental stresses greatly limit crop yield. With the increase in extreme weather events due to climate change and the constant pressure of diseases and pests, there is an urgent need to develop crop varieties that can tolerate multiple stresses. However, our knowledge of how plants broadly respond to stress is limited. Here, we explore the rice core stress response via meta-analysis of publicly available rice transcriptome data. Our results confirm that rice universally down-regulates photosynthesis in response to both abiotic and biotic stress. Rice also generally up-regulates hormone-responsive genes during stress response, most notably genes in the abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways. We identified several promoter motifs that are likely involved in stress-responsive regulatory mechanisms in rice. With this work, we provide a list of candidate genes to study for improving rice stress tolerance in light of environmental stresses. This work also serves as a proof of concept to show that meta-analysis of diverse transcriptome data is a valid approach to develop robust hypotheses for how plants respond to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Cohen
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, CO, 80523-1177, Fort Collins, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, CO, 80523-1005, Fort Collins, USA
| | - Jan E Leach
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, CO, 80523-1177, Fort Collins, USA.
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Chen JY, Zhang HW, Zhang HL, Ying JZ, Ma LY, Zhuang JY. Natural variation at qHd1 affects heading date acceleration at high temperatures with pleiotropism for yield traits in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:112. [PMID: 29879910 PMCID: PMC5992824 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice is highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Recently, the frequent occurrence of high temperature stress has heavily influenced rice production. Proper heading date in specific environmental conditions could ensure high grain yield. Rice heading greatly depends on the accurate measurement of environmental changes, particularly in day length and temperature. In contrary to the detailed understanding of the photoperiod pathway, little has been known about how temperature regulates the genetic control of rice heading. RESULTS Near isogenic lines that were segregated for qHd1, were developed from a cross between indica rice varieties Zhenshan 97 (ZS97) and Milyang 46 (MY46). Using a five sowing-date experiment in the paddy field, we observed the involvement of qHd1 in temperature responses. With the gradual increase of temperature from Trial I to V, heading date of MY46 homozygotes continued to decrease for about 5 d per trial from 76 to 58 d, while that of ZS97 homozygotes was promoted at the same rate from Trial I to III and then stabilized at 69 d. This thermal response was confirmed in a temperature-gradient experiment conducted in the phytotron. It is also found that tolerance of the ZS97 allele to heading acceleration at high temperature was associated with higher grain weight that resulted in higher grain yield. Then, by qRT-PCR and RNA-seq, we found the pathway OsMADS51-Ehd1-RFT1/Hd3a underlying the qHd1-mediated floral response to temperature. By sequence comparison, OsMADS51 for qHd1 displayed a 9.5-kb insertion in the 1st intron of the ZS97 allele compared to the MY46 allele. Furthermore, this large insertion is commonly found in major early-season indica rice varieties, but not in the middle- and late-season ones, which corresponds to the requirement for high-temperature tolerance during the heading and grain-filling stages of early-season rice. CONCLUSIONS Beneficial alleles at qHd1 confer tolerance to high temperatures at the heading and grain-filling stages, playing a significant role in the eco-geographical adaptation of early-season indica rice during modern breeding. These results, together with the underlying OsMADS51-Ehd1-RFT1/Hd3a floral pathway, provide valuable information for better understanding the molecular mechanism of temperature responsive regulation of heading date and yield traits in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Hua-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jie-Zheng Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Liang-Yong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jie-Yun Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 China
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Shu K, Luo X, Meng Y, Yang W. Toward a Molecular Understanding of Abscisic Acid Actions in Floral Transition. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:215-221. [PMID: 29361058 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The transition from the vegetative growth phase to flowering is a crucial checkpoint for plant reproduction and survival, especially under environmental stress conditions. Numerous factors regulate flowering time, including exogenous environmental cues such as day length and temperature, as well as salt and drought stresses, and endogenous phytohormone signaling cascades. Gibberellins and ABA are one classic combination of phytohormones which antagonistically regulate several biological processes, including seed dormancy and germination, primary root growth and seedling development. As regards control of flowering time, gibberellin exhibits a positive role, and represents an important pathway in the regulation of floral transition. However, over the past decades, numerous investigations have demonstrated that the contribution of the stress hormone ABA to floral transition is still controversial, as both positive and negative effects have been documented. It is important to determine why and how ABA shows this contradictory effect on flowering time. In this up to date review, primarily based on recent publications and emerging data, we summarize the distinct and contrasting roles of ABA on floral transition, while the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying these roles are discussed. Finally, the remaining challenges and open questions in this topic are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shu
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaofeng Luo
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yongjie Meng
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Chen HC, Hsieh-Feng V, Liao PC, Cheng WH, Liu LY, Yang YW, Lai MH, Chang MC. The function of OsbHLH068 is partially redundant with its homolog, AtbHLH112, in the regulation of the salt stress response but has opposite functions to control flowering in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 94:531-548. [PMID: 28631168 PMCID: PMC5504132 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The homologous genes OsbHLH068 and AtbHLH112 have partially redundant functions in the regulation of the salt stress response but opposite functions to control flowering in Arabidopsis. The transcription factor (TF) basic/Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) is important for plant growth, development, and stress responses. OsbHLH068, which is a homologous gene of AtbHLH112 that is up-regulated under drought and salt stresses, as indicated by previous microarray data analysis. However, the intrinsic function of OsbHLH068 remains unknown. In the present study, we characterized the function and compared the role of OsbHLH068 with that of its homolog, AtbHLH112. Histochemical GUS staining indicated that OsbHLH068 and AtbHLH112 share a similar expression pattern in transgenic Arabidopsis during the juvenile-to-adult phase transition. Heterologous overexpression of OsbHLH068 in Arabidopsis delays seed germination, decreases salt-induced H2O2 accumulation, and promotes root elongation, whereas AtbHLH112 knock-out mutant displays an opposite phenotype. Both OsbHLH068-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings and the Atbhlh112 mutant display a late-flowering phenotype. Moreover, the expression of OsbHLH068-GFP driven by an AtbHLH112 promoter can compensate for the germination deficiency in the Atbhlh112 mutant, but the delayed-flowering phenotype tends to be more severe. Further analysis by microarray and qPCR indicated that the expression of FT is down-regulated in both OsbHLH068-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants and Atbhlh112 mutant plants, whereas SOC1 but not FT is highly expressed in AtbHLH112-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. A comparative transcriptomic analysis also showed that several stress-responsive genes, such as AtERF15 and AtPUB23, were affected in both OsbHLH068- and AtbHLH112-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Thus, we propose that OsbHLH068 and AtbHLH112 share partially redundant functions in the regulation of abiotic stress responses but have opposite functions to control flowering in Arabidopsis, presumably due to the evolutionary functional divergence of homolog-encoded proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Vicki Hsieh-Feng
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Chun Liao
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Hsing Cheng
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Yu Liu
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yun-Wei Yang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Hsin Lai
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Men-Chi Chang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Cho LH, Yoon J, An G. The control of flowering time by environmental factors. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 90:708-719. [PMID: 27995671 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The timing of flowering is determined by endogenous genetic components as well as various environmental factors, such as day length, temperature, and stress. The genetic elements and molecular mechanisms that rule this process have been examined in the long-day-flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana and short-day-flowering rice (Oryza sativa). However, reviews of research on the role of those factors are limited. Here, we focused on how flowering time is influenced by nutrients, ambient temperature, drought, salinity, exogenously applied hormones and chemicals, and pathogenic microbes. In response to such stresses or stimuli, plants either begin flowering to produce seeds for the next generation or else delay flowering by slowing their metabolism. These responses vary depending upon the dose of the stimulus, the plant developmental stage, or even the cultivar that is used. Our review provides insight into how crops might be managed to increase productivity under various environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lae-Hyeon Cho
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Jinmi Yoon
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Gynheung An
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
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Gol L, Tomé F, von Korff M. Floral transitions in wheat and barley: interactions between photoperiod, abiotic stresses, and nutrient status. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:1399-1410. [PMID: 28431134 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The timing of plant reproduction has a large impact on yield in crop plants. Reproductive development in temperate cereals comprises two major developmental transitions. During spikelet initiation, the identity of the shoot meristem switches from the vegetative to the reproductive stage and spikelet primordia are formed on the apex. Subsequently, floral morphogenesis is initiated, a process strongly affected by environmental variation. Recent studies in cereal grasses have suggested that this later phase of inflorescence development controls floret survival and abortion, and is therefore crucial for yield. Here, we provide a synthesis of the early morphological and the more recent genetic studies on shoot development in wheat and barley. The review explores how photoperiod, abiotic stress, and nutrient signalling interact with shoot development, and pinpoints genetic factors that mediate development in response to these environmental cues. We anticipate that research in these areas will be important in understanding adaptation of cereal grasses to changing climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Gol
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D-50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Filipa Tomé
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D-50829, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences 'From Complex Traits towards Synthetic Modules', D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria von Korff
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D-50829, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences 'From Complex Traits towards Synthetic Modules', D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Goretti D, Martignago D, Landini M, Brambilla V, Gómez-Ariza J, Gnesutta N, Galbiati F, Collani S, Takagi H, Terauchi R, Mantovani R, Fornara F. Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Mechanisms Limit Heading Date 1 (Hd1) Function to Adapt Rice to High Latitudes. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006530. [PMID: 28068345 PMCID: PMC5221825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice flowering is controlled by changes in the photoperiod that promote the transition to the reproductive phase as days become shorter. Natural genetic variation for flowering time has been largely documented and has been instrumental to define the genetics of the photoperiodic pathway, as well as providing valuable material for artificial selection of varieties better adapted to local environments. We mined genetic variation in a collection of rice varieties highly adapted to European regions and isolated distinct variants of the long day repressor HEADING DATE 1 (Hd1) that perturb its expression or protein function. Specific variants allowed us to define novel features of the photoperiodic flowering pathway. We demonstrate that a histone fold domain scaffold formed by GRAIN YIELD, PLANT HEIGHT AND HEADING DATE 8 (Ghd8) and several NF-YC subunits can accommodate distinct proteins, including Hd1 and PSEUDO RESPONSE REGULATOR 37 (PRR37), and that the resulting OsNF-Y complex containing Hd1 can bind a specific sequence in the promoter of HEADING DATE 3A (Hd3a). Artificial selection has locally favored an Hd1 variant unable to assemble in such heterotrimeric complex. The causal polymorphism was defined as a single conserved lysine in the CCT domain of the Hd1 protein. Our results indicate how genetic variation can be stratified and explored at multiple levels, and how its description can contribute to the molecular understanding of basic developmental processes. Many plant species flower in response to changes in day length and can be categorized depending on their requirements for long or short days. Rice has tropical origins and normally flowers in response to shortening days. However, artificial selection operated by ancient farmers or modern breeders adapted rice cultivation to several environments, including those typical of temperate regions characterized by long days during the cropping season. Modifications of the genetic network controlling flowering that are causal to such expansion have been the subject of extensive studies, but the full complement of genes that regulate it and the molecular bases of their activity remains unknown. We took advantage of germplasm cultivated in Europe—and highly adapted to flower under long days–to isolate widespread variants of the HEADING DATE 1 (Hd1) gene that limits flowering in temperate areas, and showed that such variants are non-functional and unable to prevent long day flowering. We identified the DNA changes causing the gene to be non-functional and used such mutant alleles as tools to demonstrate that Hd1 can bind a specific DNA sequence in the promoter of a florigenic rice gene. Mining genetic diversity becomes thus instrumental to define the molecular properties of regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Goretti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Damiano Martignago
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
- Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Landini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Brambilla
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences–Production, Territory, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Jorge Gómez-Ariza
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
| | - Nerina Gnesutta
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Galbiati
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Collani
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hiroki Takagi
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center and Laboratory of Crop Evolution, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kyoto University, Mozume, Muko, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryohei Terauchi
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center and Laboratory of Crop Evolution, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kyoto University, Mozume, Muko, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Fornara
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Brambilla V, Gomez-Ariza J, Cerise M, Fornara F. The Importance of Being on Time: Regulatory Networks Controlling Photoperiodic Flowering in Cereals. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:665. [PMID: 28491078 PMCID: PMC5405123 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Flowering is the result of the coordination between genetic information and environmental cues. Gene regulatory networks have evolved in plants in order to measure diurnal and seasonal variation of day length (or photoperiod), thus aligning the reproductive phase with the most favorable season of the year. The capacity of plants to discriminate distinct photoperiods classifies them into long and short day species, depending on the conditions that induce flowering. Plants of tropical origin and adapted to short day lengths include rice, maize, and sorghum, whereas wheat and barley were originally domesticated in the Fertile Crescent and are considered long day species. In these and other crops, day length measurement mechanisms have been artificially modified during domestication and breeding to adapt plants to novel areas, to the extent that a wide diversity of responses exists within any given species. Notwithstanding the ample natural and artificial variation of day length responses, some of the basic molecular elements governing photoperiodic flowering are widely conserved. However, as our understanding of the underlying mechanisms improves, it becomes evident that specific regulators exist in many lineages that are not shared by others, while apparently conserved components can be recruited to novel functions during evolution.
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