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Niu Y, Matsubara S, Nedbal L, Lazár D. Dynamics and interplay of photosynthetic regulatory processes depend on the amplitudes of oscillating light. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2240-2257. [PMID: 38482712 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved multiple regulatory mechanisms to cope with natural light fluctuations. The interplay between these mechanisms leads presumably to the resilience of plants in diverse light patterns. We investigated the energy-dependent nonphotochemical quenching (qE) and cyclic electron transports (CET) in light that oscillated with a 60-s period with three different amplitudes. The photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) function-related quantum yields and redox changes of plastocyanin and ferredoxin were measured in Arabidopsis thaliana wild types and mutants with partial defects in qE or CET. The decrease in quantum yield of qE due to the lack of either PsbS- or violaxanthin de-epoxidase was compensated by an increase in the quantum yield of the constitutive nonphotochemical quenching. The mutant lacking NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH)-like-dependent CET had a transient significant PSI acceptor side limitation during the light rising phase under high amplitude of light oscillations. The mutant lacking PGR5/PGRL1-CET restricted electron flows and failed to induce effective photosynthesis control, regardless of oscillation amplitudes. This suggests that PGR5/PGRL1-CET is important for the regulation of PSI function in various amplitudes of light oscillation, while NDH-like-CET acts' as a safety valve under fluctuating light with high amplitude. The results also bespeak interplays among multiple photosynthetic regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Niu
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences/Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Shizue Matsubara
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences/Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ladislav Nedbal
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences/Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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2
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Ji D, Luo M, Guo Y, Li Q, Kong L, Ge H, Wang Q, Song Q, Zeng X, Ma J, Wang Y, Meurer J, Chi W. Efficient scavenging of reactive carbonyl species in chloroplasts is required for light acclimation and fitness of plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:676-693. [PMID: 37545368 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) derived from lipid peroxides can act as critical damage or signaling mediators downstream of reactive oxygen species by modifying target proteins. However, their biological effects and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown in plants. Here, we have uncovered the mechanism by which the RCS 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal (HNE) participates in photosystem II (PSII) repair cycle of chloroplasts, a crucial process for maintaining PSII activity under high and changing light conditions. High Light Sensitive 1 (HLT1) is a potential NADPH-dependent reductase in chloroplasts. Deficiency of HLT1 had no impact on the growth of Arabidopsis plants under normal light conditions but increased sensitivity to high light, which resulted from a defective PSII repair cycle. In hlt1 plants, the accumulation of HNE-modified D1 subunit of PSII was observed, which did not affect D1 degradation but hampered the dimerization of repaired PSII monomers and reassembly of PSII supercomplexes on grana stacks. HLT1 is conserved in all photosynthetic organisms and has functions in overall growth and plant fitness in both Arabidopsis and rice under naturally challenging field conditions. Our work provides the mechanistic basis underlying RCS scavenging in light acclimation and suggests a potential strategy to improve plant productivity by manipulating RCS signaling in chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daili Ji
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Manfei Luo
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinjie Guo
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiuxin Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingxi Kong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haitao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Qiulai Song
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xiannan Zeng
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jinfang Ma
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jörg Meurer
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Wei Chi
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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3
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Gollan PJ, Grebe S, Roling L, Grimm B, Spetea C, Aro E. Photosynthetic and transcriptome responses to fluctuating light in Arabidopsis thylakoid ion transport triple mutant. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e534. [PMID: 37886682 PMCID: PMC10598627 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Fluctuating light intensity challenges fluent photosynthetic electron transport in plants, inducing photoprotection while diminishing carbon assimilation and growth, and also influencing photosynthetic signaling for regulation of gene expression. Here, we employed in vivo chlorophyll-a fluorescence and P700 difference absorption measurements to demonstrate the enhancement of photoprotective energy dissipation of both photosystems in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana after 6 h exposure to fluctuating light as compared with constant light conditions. This acclimation response to fluctuating light was hampered in a triple mutant lacking the thylakoid ion transport proteins KEA3, VCCN1, and CLCe, leading to photoinhibition of photosystem I. Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of genes involved in biotic stress and defense responses in both genotypes after exposure to fluctuating as compared with constant light, yet these responses were demonstrated to be largely upregulated in triple mutant already under constant light conditions compared with wild type. The current study illustrates the rapid acclimation of plants to fluctuating light, including photosynthetic, transcriptomic, and metabolic adjustments, and highlights the connection among thylakoid ion transport, photosynthetic energy balance, and cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Gollan
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Steffen Grebe
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Present address:
Optics of Photosynthesis Laboratory, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Lena Roling
- Institute of Biology/Plant PhysiologyHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Bernhard Grimm
- Institute of Biology/Plant PhysiologyHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Cornelia Spetea
- Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Eva‐Mari Aro
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
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4
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Wu HY, Qiao MY, Zhang YJ, Kang WJ, Ma QH, Gao HY, Zhang WF, Jiang CD. Photosynthetic mechanism of maize yield under fluctuating light environments in the field. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:957-973. [PMID: 36459464 PMCID: PMC9922410 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic mechanism of crop yields in fluctuating light environments in the field remains controversial. To further elucidate this mechanism, we conducted field and simulation experiments using maize (Zea mays) plants. Increased planting density enhanced the light fluctuation frequency and reduced the duration of daily high light, as well as the light-saturated photosynthetic rate, biomass, and yield per plant. Further analysis confirmed a highly significant positive correlation between biomass and yield per plant and the duration of photosynthesis related to daily high light. The simulation experiment indicated that the light-saturated photosynthetic rate of maize leaves decreased gradually and considerably when shortening the daily duration of high light. Under an identical duration of high light exposure, increasing the fluctuation frequency decreased the light-saturated photosynthetic rate slightly. Proteomic data also demonstrated that photosynthesis was mainly affected by the duration of high light and not by the light fluctuation frequency. Consequently, the current study proposes that an appropriate duration of daily high light under fluctuating light environments is the key factor for greatly improving photosynthesis. This is a promising mechanism by which the photosynthetic productivity and yield of maize can be enhanced under complex light environments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Mei-Yu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wei-Jian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qing-Hu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Wang-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Chuang-Dao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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Cun Z, Xu XZ, Zhang JY, Shuang SP, Wu HM, An TX, Chen JW. Responses of photosystem to long-term light stress in a typically shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1095726. [PMID: 36714733 PMCID: PMC9878349 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1095726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic adaptive strategies vary with the growth irradiance. The potential photosynthetic adaptive strategies of shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen to long-term high light and low light remains unclear. Photosynthetic performance, photosynthesis-related pigments, leaves anatomical characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities were comparatively determined in P. notoginseng grown under different light regimes. The thickness of the upper epidermis, palisade tissue, and lower epidermis were declined with increasing growth irradiance. Low-light-grown leaves were declined in transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Cond), but intercellular CO2 concentration (C i) and net photosynthesis rate (P n) had opposite trends. The maximum photo-oxidation P 700 + (P m) was greatly reduced in 29.8% full sunlight (FL) plants; The maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (F v/F m) in 0.2% FL plants was significantly lowest. Electron transport, thermal dissipation, and the effective quantum yield of PSI [Y(I)] and PSII [Y(II)] were declined in low-light-grown plants compared with high-light-grown P. notoginseng. The minimum value of non-regulated energy dissipation of PSII [Y(NO)] was recorded in 0.2% FL P. notoginseng. OJIP kinetic curve showed that relative variable fluorescence at J-phase (V J) and the ratio of variable fluorescent F K occupying the F J-F O amplitude (W k) were significantly increased in 0.2% FL plants. However, the increase in W k was lower than the increase in V J. In conclusion, PSI photoinhibition is the underlying sensitivity of the typically shade-tolerant species P. notoginseng to high light, and the photodamage to PSII acceptor side might cause the typically shade-tolerant plants to be unsuitable for long-term low light stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Cun
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang-Zeng Xu
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Research Center for Collection and Utilization of Tropical Crop Resources, Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Sheng-Pu Shuang
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Min Wu
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Tong-Xin An
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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6
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Neng F, Xiong S, Wei Y, Cao R, Wei Q, Ma X, Wang X. Canopy light distribution effects on light use efficiency in wheat and its mechanism. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1023117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimizing canopy light distribution (CLD) has manifested improved light utility and yield without modifying other inputs. Nonetheless, molecular mechanisms working at cellular and organelle level remain to be elucidated. The current study aimed to assess the effect of CLD on photosynthetic performance and yield of wheat, and to investigate into the molecular mechanism underlying the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)–use efficiency (PUE) at optimized CLD. Wheat was planted in two rows having different spacing [R1 (15 cm) and R2 (25 cm)] to simulate different CLD. Flag and penultimate leaves were subjected to chloroplast proteomics analysis. An increase in row spacing positively affects CLD. A decrease (16.64%) of PAR interception in the upper layer, an increase (19.76%) in the middle layer, improved PUE (12.08%), and increased yield (9.38%) were recorded. The abundance of proteins associated with photosynthetic electron transport, redox state, and carbon-nitrogen assimilation was differentially altered by CLD optimization. In the penultimate leaves, R2 reduced the abundance of photosystem II (PSII) light-harvesting proteins, PSII-subunits, and increased the photosystem I (PSI) light-harvesting proteins, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO) and enzymes involved in carbon assimilation compared to R1. Additionally, leaf stomatal conductance increased. Altogether, these findings demonstrated that the regulation of chloroplast proteome is intimately linked to light utilization, which provide basis for genetic manipulation of crop species for better adaptation and improvement of cultivation strategies.
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Jiang C, Lei M, Guo Y, Gao G, Shi L, Jin Y, Cai Y, Himmelbach A, Zhou S, He Q, Yao X, Kan J, Haberer G, Duan F, Li L, Liu J, Zhang J, Spannagl M, Liu C, Stein N, Feng Z, Mascher M, Yang P. A reference-guided TILLING by amplicon-sequencing platform supports forward and reverse genetics in barley. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100317. [PMID: 35605197 PMCID: PMC9284286 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Barley is a diploid species with a genome smaller than those of other members of the Triticeae tribe, making it an attractive model for genetic studies in Triticeae crops. The recent development of barley genomics has created a need for a high-throughput platform to identify genetically uniform mutants for gene function investigations. In this study, we report an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population consisting of 8525 M3 lines in the barley landrace "Hatiexi" (HTX), which we complement with a high-quality de novo assembly of a reference genome for this genotype. The mutation rate within the population ranged from 1.51 to 4.09 mutations per megabase, depending on the treatment dosage of EMS and the mutation discrimination platform used for genotype analysis. We implemented a three-dimensional DNA pooling strategy combined with multiplexed amplicon sequencing to create a highly efficient and cost-effective TILLING (targeting induced locus lesion in genomes) platform in barley. Mutations were successfully identified from 72 mixed amplicons within a DNA pool containing 64 individual mutants and from 56 mixed amplicons within a pool containing 144 individuals. We discovered abundant allelic mutants for dozens of genes, including the barley Green Revolution contributor gene Brassinosteroid insensitive 1 (BRI1). As a proof of concept, we rapidly determined the causal gene responsible for a chlorotic mutant by following the MutMap strategy, demonstrating the value of this resource to support forward and reverse genetic studies in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Jiang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Lei
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Guangqi Gao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijie Shi
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanlong Jin
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Axel Himmelbach
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Yao
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhong Kan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Georg Haberer
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fengying Duan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihui Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Manuel Spannagl
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chunming Liu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nils Stein
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Zongyun Feng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany.
| | - Ping Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Shuang SP, Zhang JY, Cun Z, Wu HM, Hong J, Chen JW. A Comparison of Photoprotective Mechanism in Different Light-Demanding Plants Under Dynamic Light Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:819843. [PMID: 35463455 PMCID: PMC9019478 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.819843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Light intensity is highly heterogeneous in nature, and plants have evolved a series of strategies to acclimate to dynamic light due to their immobile lifestyles. However, it is still unknown whether there are differences in photoprotective mechanisms among different light-demanding plants in response to dynamic light, and thus the role of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), electron transport, and light energy allocation of photosystems in photoprotection needs to be further understood in different light-demanding plants. The activities of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) in shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng, intermediate species Polygonatum kingianum, and sun-demanding species Erigeron breviscapus were comparatively measured to elucidate photoprotection mechanisms in different light-demanding plants under dynamic light. The results showed that the NPQ and PSII maximum efficiency (F v'/F m') of E. breviscapus were higher than the other two species under dynamic high light. Meanwhile, cyclic electron flow (CEF) of sun plants is larger under transient high light conditions since the slope of post-illumination, P700 dark reduction rate, and plastoquinone (PQ) pool were greater. NPQ was more active and CEF was initiated more readily in shade plants than the two other species under transient light. Moreover, sun plants processed higher quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII), quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion [Y(I)], and quantum yield of non-photochemical energy dissipation due to acceptor side limitation (Y(NA), while the constitutive thermal dissipation and fluorescence (Φf,d) and quantum yield of non-photochemical energy dissipation due to donor side limitation [Y(ND)] of PSI were higher in shade plants. These results suggest that sun plants had higher NPQ and CEF for photoprotection under transient high light and mainly allocated light energy through ΦPSII and ΦNPQ, while shade plants had a higher Φf,d and a larger heat dissipation efficiency of PSI donor. Overall, it has been demonstrated that the photochemical efficiency and photoprotective capacity are greater in sun plants under transient dynamic light, while shade plants are more sensitive to transient dynamic light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Pu Shuang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhu Cun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Min Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Hong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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9
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Yu L, Fujiwara K, Matsuda R. Estimating Light Acclimation Parameters of Cucumber Leaves Using Time-Weighted Averages of Daily Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:809046. [PMID: 35211135 PMCID: PMC8860900 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.809046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaves acclimate to day-to-day fluctuating levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) by adjusting their morphological and physiological parameters. Accurate estimation of these parameters under day-to-day fluctuating PPFD conditions benefits crop growth modeling and light environment management in greenhouses, although it remains challenging. We quantified the relationships between day-to-day PPFD changes over 6 days and light acclimation parameters for cucumber seedling leaves, including leaf mass per area (LMA), chlorophyll (Chl) a/b ratio, maximum net photosynthetic rate (P nmax), maximum rate of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase/oxygenase (V cmax), and maximum rate of electron transport (J max). The last two parameters reflect the capacity of the photosynthetic partial reactions. We built linear regression models of these parameters based on average or time-weighted averages of daily PPFDs. For time-weighted averages of daily PPFDs, the influence of daily PPFD was given a specific weight. We employed three types of functions to calculate this weight, including linear, quadratic, and sigmoid derivative types. We then determined the trend of weights that estimated each parameter most accurately. Moreover, we introduced saturating functions to calibrate the average or time-weighted averages of daily PPFDs, considering that light acclimation parameters are usually saturated under high PPFDs. We found that time-weighted average PPFDs, in which recent PPFD levels had larger weights than earlier levels, better estimated LMA than average PPFDs. This suggests that recent PPFDs contribute more to LMA than earlier PPFDs. Except for the Chl a/b ratio, the average PPFDs estimated P nmax, V cmax, and J max with acceptable accuracy. In contrast, time-weighted averages of daily PPFDs did not improve the estimation accuracy of these four parameters, possibly due to their low response rates and plasticity. Calibrating functions generally improved estimation of Chl a/b ratio, V cmax, and J max because of their saturating tendencies under high PPFDs. Our findings provide a reasonable approach to quantifying the extent to which the leaves acclimate to day-to-day fluctuating PPFDs, especially the extent of LMA.
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Zhong Z, Sun L, Liu Z, Song Z, Liu M, Tong S, Qin S. Ocean acidification exacerbates the inhibition of fluctuating light on the productivity of Ulva prolifera. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113367. [PMID: 35149313 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ulva prolifera, a common species of green macroalgae, is often harmful-algal-bloom causative and significantly impacts local marine ecosystems. Previous studies on the physiological characteristics of U. prolifera have been conducted under constant light (CL). However, light in the natural environment continually changes, and little is known about fluctuating light (FL). Ocean acidification (OA) has been proposed to interact with dynamic surrounding environments to affect the physiological performance of macroalgae. Therefore, we investigated the combined effects of FL (80/300, alternating between 80 μmol photons m-2 s-1 for 2.5 h and 300 μmol photons m-2 s-1 for 1.5 h, with an average light intensity of 160 μmol photons m-2 s-1 and OA (1000 ppm CO2) on U. prolifera. The results clearly showed that FL had no significant effect on the relative growth rate (RGR), whereas OA obviously improved RGR. However, under FL-OA combination conditions, RGR was inhibited significantly, accompanied by a concomitant downgraded photosynthetic performance, while the photoprotective abilities were enhanced. The results would help us accurately predict the primary productivity of macroalgae in coastal waters under future OA conditions with irradiance fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Lin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhimin Song
- Zhuhai Central Station of Marine Environmental Monitoring, State Oceanic Administration, Zhuhai 519015, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Mengying Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Shanying Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Song Qin
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Gjindali A, Herrmann HA, Schwartz JM, Johnson GN, Calzadilla PI. A Holistic Approach to Study Photosynthetic Acclimation Responses of Plants to Fluctuating Light. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:668512. [PMID: 33936157 PMCID: PMC8079764 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.668512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants in natural environments receive light through sunflecks, the duration and distribution of these being highly variable across the day. Consequently, plants need to adjust their photosynthetic processes to avoid photoinhibition and maximize yield. Changes in the composition of the photosynthetic apparatus in response to sustained changes in the environment are referred to as photosynthetic acclimation, a process that involves changes in protein content and composition. Considering this definition, acclimation differs from regulation, which involves processes that alter the activity of individual proteins over short-time periods, without changing the abundance of those proteins. The interconnection and overlapping of the short- and long-term photosynthetic responses, which can occur simultaneously or/and sequentially over time, make the study of long-term acclimation to fluctuating light in plants challenging. In this review we identify short-term responses of plants to fluctuating light that could act as sensors and signals for acclimation responses, with the aim of understanding how plants integrate environmental fluctuations over time and tailor their responses accordingly. Mathematical modeling has the potential to integrate physiological processes over different timescales and to help disentangle short-term regulatory responses from long-term acclimation responses. We review existing mathematical modeling techniques for studying photosynthetic responses to fluctuating light and propose new methods for addressing the topic from a holistic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armida Gjindali
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Helena A. Herrmann
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Giles N. Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo I. Calzadilla
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Bhuiyan R, van Iersel MW. Only Extreme Fluctuations in Light Levels Reduce Lettuce Growth Under Sole Source Lighting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:619973. [PMID: 33584773 PMCID: PMC7875872 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.619973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The cost of providing lighting in greenhouses and plant factories can be high. In the case of variable electricity prices, providing most of the light when electricity prices are low can reduce costs. However, it is not clear how plants respond to the resulting fluctuating light levels. We hypothesized that plants that receive a constant photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) will produce more biomass than those grown under fluctuating light levels. To understand potential growth reductions caused by fluctuating light levels, we quantified the effects of fluctuating PPFD on the photosynthetic physiology, morphology, and growth of 'Little Gem' and 'Green Salad Bowl' lettuce. Plants were grown in a growth chamber with dimmable white LED bars, alternating between high and low PPFDs every 15 min. The PPFDs were ∼400/0, 360/40, 320/80, 280/120, 240/160, and 200/200 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1, with a photoperiod of 16 h and a DLI of ∼11.5 mol⋅m-2⋅day-1 in all treatments. CO2 was ∼800 μmol⋅mol-1. Plants in the 400/0 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1 treatment had ∼69% lower An,30 (net assimilation averaged over 15 min at high and 15 min at low PPFD) than plants grown at a PPFD of 320/80 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1 (or treatments with smaller PPFD fluctuations). The low An,30 in the 400/0, and to a lesser extent the 360/40 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1 treatment was caused by low net assimilation at 360 and 400 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1. Plants grown at 400/0 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1 also had fewer leaves and lower chlorophyll content compared to those in other treatments. The four treatments with the smallest PPFD fluctuations produced plants with similar numbers of leaves, chlorophyll content, specific leaf area (SLA), dry mass, and leaf area. Chlorophyll content, An,30, and dry mass were positively correlated with each other. Our results show that lettuce tolerates a wide range of fluctuating PPFD without negative effects on growth and development. However, when fluctuations in PPFD are extreme (400/0 or 360/40 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1), chlorophyll levels and An,30 are low, which can explain the low poor growth in these treatments. The ability of lettuce to tolerate a wide range of fluctuating light levels suggests that PPFD can be adjusted in response to variable electricity pricing.
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