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Sheikh AH, Zacharia I, Pardal AJ, Dominguez-Ferreras A, Sueldo DJ, Kim JG, Balmuth A, Gutierrez JR, Conlan BF, Ullah N, Nippe OM, Girija AM, Wu CH, Sessa G, Jones AME, Grant MR, Gifford ML, Mudgett MB, Rathjen JP, Ntoukakis V. Dynamic changes of the Prf/Pto tomato resistance complex following effector recognition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2568. [PMID: 37142566 PMCID: PMC10160066 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In both plants and animals, nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors play critical roles in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. In plants, NLRs recognise pathogen-derived effector proteins and initiate effector-triggered immunity (ETI). However, the molecular mechanisms that link NLR-mediated effector recognition and downstream signalling are not fully understood. By exploiting the well-characterised tomato Prf/Pto NLR resistance complex, we identified the 14-3-3 proteins TFT1 and TFT3 as interacting partners of both the NLR complex and the protein kinase MAPKKKα. Moreover, we identified the helper NRC proteins (NLR-required for cell death) as integral components of the Prf /Pto NLR recognition complex. Notably our studies revealed that TFTs and NRCs interact with distinct modules of the NLR complex and, following effector recognition, dissociate facilitating downstream signalling. Thus, our data provide a mechanistic link between activation of immune receptors and initiation of downstream signalling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsheed H Sheikh
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Center for Desert Agriculture, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iosif Zacharia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Alonso J Pardal
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - Daniela J Sueldo
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Hogskoleringen 1, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jung-Gun Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alexi Balmuth
- J.R. Simplot Company, Boise, ID, USA
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Jose R Gutierrez
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Brendon F Conlan
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Najeeb Ullah
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Olivia M Nippe
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Anil M Girija
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Chih-Hang Wu
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Guido Sessa
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Murray R Grant
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Miriam L Gifford
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Mary Beth Mudgett
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - John P Rathjen
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Vardis Ntoukakis
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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Manik MK, Shi Y, Li S, Zaydman MA, Damaraju N, Eastman S, Smith TG, Gu W, Masic V, Mosaiab T, Weagley JS, Hancock SJ, Vasquez E, Hartley-Tassell L, Kargios N, Maruta N, Lim BYJ, Burdett H, Landsberg MJ, Schembri MA, Prokes I, Song L, Grant M, DiAntonio A, Nanson JD, Guo M, Milbrandt J, Ve T, Kobe B. Cyclic ADP ribose isomers: Production, chemical structures, and immune signaling. Science 2022; 377:eadc8969. [PMID: 36048923 DOI: 10.1126/science.adc8969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose (cADPR) isomers are signaling molecules produced by bacterial and plant Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form) (NAD+) hydrolysis. We show that v-cADPR (2'cADPR) and v2-cADPR (3'cADPR) isomers are cyclized by O-glycosidic bond formation between the ribose moieties in ADPR. Structures of 2'cADPR-producing TIR domains reveal conformational changes that lead to an active assembly that resembles those of Toll-like receptor adaptor TIR domains. Mutagenesis reveals a conserved tryptophan that is essential for cyclization. We show that 3'cADPR is an activator of ThsA effector proteins from the bacterial antiphage defense system termed Thoeris and a suppressor of plant immunity when produced by the effector HopAM1. Collectively, our results reveal the molecular basis of cADPR isomer production and establish 3'cADPR in bacteria as an antiviral and plant immunity-suppressing signaling molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K Manik
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yun Shi
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Sulin Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A Zaydman
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63100, USA
| | - Neha Damaraju
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63100, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63100, USA
| | - Samuel Eastman
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Thomas G Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Weixi Gu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Veronika Masic
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Tamim Mosaiab
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - James S Weagley
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven J Hancock
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Eduardo Vasquez
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | | | - Nestoras Kargios
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Natsumi Maruta
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Bryan Y J Lim
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hayden Burdett
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Michael J Landsberg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A Schembri
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ivan Prokes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Lijiang Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Murray Grant
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Aaron DiAntonio
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63100, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63100, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Nanson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Jeffrey Milbrandt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63100, USA
| | - Thomas Ve
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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