1
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Boyne C, Coote A, Synowsky S, Naden A, Shirran S, Powis SJ. Characterising the HLA-I immunopeptidome of plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in patients with melanoma. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 3:e146. [PMID: 38939414 PMCID: PMC11080910 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) frequently express human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules. The immunopeptidomes presented on EV HLA-I are being mapped to provide key information on both specific cancer-related peptides, and for larger immunopeptidomic signatures associated with disease. Utilizing HLA-I immunoisolation and mass spectrometry, we characterised the HLA-I immunopeptidome of EVs derived from the melanoma cancer cell line, ESTDAB-026, and the plasma of 12 patients diagnosed with advanced stage melanoma, alongside 11 healthy controls. The EV HLA-I immunopeptidome derived from melanoma cells features T cell epitopes with known immunogenicity and peptides derived from known tumour associated antigens (TAAs). Both T cell epitopes with known immunogenicity and peptides derived from known TAAs were also identifiable in the melanoma patient samples. Patient stratification into two distinct groups with varying immunological profiles was also observed. The data obtained in this study suggests for the first time that the HLA-I immunopeptidome of EVs derived from blood may aid in the detection of important diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and also provide new immunotherapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Boyne
- School of MedicineUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Abigail Coote
- School of MedicineUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Silvia Synowsky
- School of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
- Biological Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Aaron Naden
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Sally Shirran
- School of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
- Biological Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Simon J. Powis
- School of MedicineUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
- Biological Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
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2
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Abeesh P, Guruvayoorappan C. Withaferin A-Encapsulated PEGylated Nanoliposomes Induce Apoptosis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells by Regulating Bcl2 and Bcl xl Genes and Mitigates Murine Solid Tumor Development. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:29-42. [PMID: 38505911 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2023046909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Withaferin A (WA) is a natural steroidal lactone with promising pharmacological activities, but its poor solubility and bioavailability hinder its clinical application. The liposomal drug delivery system has attracted considerable attention to overcome the delivery limitations of pharmacological agents. The present study investigated the effect of WA-loaded pegylated nanoliposomes (LWA) on in vitro and in vivo B16F10 melanoma tumor models. In vitro results showed that LWA had significantly (P < 0.01) higher cytotoxicity than free WA and induced ROS-mediated apoptosis in B16F10 cells. Transwell cell migration and invasion studies demonstrated that LWA treatment significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the migratory and invasive capacities of melanoma cells compared with WA. In vivo study revealed that treatment significantly (P < 0.01) reduced tumor growth in experimental animals compared with WA or tumor control. Also, LWA administration remarkably inhibited tumor cell proliferation by downregulating the expression of Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 and induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bax, Bcl2, and Bcl xl levels. Our results strongly suggest that LWA could be a promising therapeutic formulation for treating malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathapan Abeesh
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India
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3
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Long T, Li J, Yin T, Liu K, Wang Y, Long J, Wang J, Cheng L. A genetic variant in gene NDUFAF4 confers the risk of non-small cell lung cancer by perturbing hsa-miR-215 binding. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:145-159. [PMID: 37787384 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Hsa-microRNA-215 (hsa-miR-215) plays multiple roles in carcinogenesis through regulating its target genes. Genetic variants in hsa-miR-215 target sites thus may affect hsa-miR-215-mRNA interactions, result in altered expression of target genes and even influence cancer susceptibility. This study aimed to investigate the associations of genetic variants which located in the binding sites of hsa-miR-215 with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) susceptibility in the Chinese population and reveal the potential regulatory mechanism of functional variants in NSCLC development. The candidate genetic variants were predicted and screened through bioinformatics analysis based on the degree of complementarity of hsa-miR-215 sequences. The potential effects of genetic variants on the binding ability of hsa-miR-215 and target genes were also predicted. A case-control study with 932 NSCLC patients and 1036 healthy controls was conducted to evaluate the association of candidate genetic variants with NSCLC susceptibility, and an independent case-control study with 552 NSCLC cases and 571 controls were used to further validate the promising associations. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to explore the regulation of the genetic variants on transcription activity of target gene. Cell phenotyping experiments in vitro and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were then carried out to preliminarily explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of the target genes in NSCLC. A total of five candidate genetic variants located in the binding sites of hsa-miR-215 were screened. The two-stage case-control study showed that a variant rs1854268 A > T, which located in the 3' untranslated (3'UTR) region of NDUFAF4 gene, was associated with decreased risk of NSCLC (additive model, odds ratio [OR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-0.92, p < 0.001). Functional annotation displayed that rs1854268 A > T might downregulate the expression of NDUFAF4 by enhancing the binding affinity of hsa-miR-215-5p to NDUFAF4 mRNA. Additionally, transient knockdown of the NDUFAF4 could inhibit lung cancer cell migration and promote lung cancer cell apoptosis. Further RNA-seq analysis revealed that the knockdown of NDUFAF4 may affect NSCLC development by downregulating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and phosphoinositide 3 kinase-AKT (PI3K-AKT) signaling pathways. Moreover, the overexpression of CCND1 could partially attenuate the effects of NDUFAF4 knock down on lung cancer cell migration and apoptosis, indicating that CCND1 may be involved in the tumor-promoting effects of NDUFAF4 as a downstream molecule of NDUFAF4 gene. In conclusion, the genetic variant rs1854268 (A > T) on NDUFAF4 confers NSCLC susceptibility by altering the binding affinity of hsa-miR-215-5p, thus regulating the expression of NDUFAF4 and subsequently influencing downstream tumor molecules and pathways such as CCND1, NF kappa B, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongxin Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieyi Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Yuan J, Fu Y, Liu Y. Identification of hub genes and drug candidates for NF2-related vestibular schwannoma by bioinformatics tools. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36696. [PMID: 38115252 PMCID: PMC10727542 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)-related vestibular schwannoma (NF2-VS) is a rare genetic disorder that results in bilateral acoustic neuromas. However, the exact pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. This study aims to use bioinformatics analyses to identify potential hub genes and therapeutic. We retrieved the mRNA expression profiles (GSE108524 and GSE141801) of NF2-VS from the database, and selected the leading 25% genes with the most variance across samples for weighted correlation network analysis. Subsequently, we conducted gene ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling network enrichment analyses. The STRING database was employed for protein-protein interaction (PPI) axis construction. The mRNA-miRNA modulatory network was generated via the miRTarBase database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via the R package "limma" in both datasets, and hub genes were screened via intersection of common DEGs, candidate hub genes from the PPI axis, and candidate hub genes from the key module. Finally, common DEGs were uploaded onto the connectivity map database to determine drug candidates. Based on our observations, the blue module exhibited the most significant relation to NF2-VS, and it included the NF2 gene. Using enrichment analysis, we demonstrated that the blue modules were intricately linked to modulations of cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, junction, and actin skeleton. Overall, 356 common DEGs were screened in both datasets, and 33 genes carrying a degree > 15 were chosen as candidate hub genes in the PPI axis. Subsequently, 4 genes, namely, GLUL, CAV1, MYH11, and CCND1 were recognized as real hub genes. In addition, 10 drugs with enrichment scores < -0.7 were identified as drug candidates. Our conclusions offered a novel insight into the potential underlying mechanisms behind NF2-VS. These findings may facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Yuan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Fu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Khorsandi K, Esfahani H, Ghamsari SK, Lakhshehei P. Targeting ferroptosis in melanoma: cancer therapeutics. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:337. [PMID: 37996827 PMCID: PMC10666330 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive kind of skin cancer; its rate has risen rapidly over the past few decades. Melanoma reports for only about 1% of skin cancers but leads to a high majority of skin cancer deaths. Thus, new useful therapeutic approaches are currently required, to state effective treatments to consistently enhance the overall survival rate of melanoma patients. Ferroptosis is a recently identified cell death process, which is different from autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis in terms of biochemistry, genetics, and morphology which plays an important role in cancer treatment. Ferroptosis happens mostly by accumulating iron and lipid peroxides in the cell. Recently, studies have revealed that ferroptosis has a key role in the tumor's progression. Especially, inducing ferroptosis in cells can inhibit the tumor cells' growth, leading to back warding tumorigenesis. Here, we outline the ferroptosis characteristics from its basic role in melanoma cancer and mention its possible applications in melanoma cancer treatment. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamics, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - HomaSadat Esfahani
- Department of Photodynamics, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parisa Lakhshehei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Katkat E, Demirci Y, Heger G, Karagulle D, Papatheodorou I, Brazma A, Ozhan G. Canonical Wnt and TGF-β/BMP signaling enhance melanocyte regeneration but suppress invasiveness, migration, and proliferation of melanoma cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1297910. [PMID: 38020918 PMCID: PMC10679360 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1297910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and develops from the melanocytes that are responsible for the pigmentation of the skin. The skin is also a highly regenerative organ, harboring a pool of undifferentiated melanocyte stem cells that proliferate and differentiate into mature melanocytes during regenerative processes in the adult. Melanoma and melanocyte regeneration share remarkable cellular features, including activation of cell proliferation and migration. Yet, melanoma considerably differs from the regenerating melanocytes with respect to abnormal proliferation, invasive growth, and metastasis. Thus, it is likely that at the cellular level, melanoma resembles early stages of melanocyte regeneration with increased proliferation but separates from the later melanocyte regeneration stages due to reduced proliferation and enhanced differentiation. Here, by exploiting the zebrafish melanocytes that can efficiently regenerate and be induced to undergo malignant melanoma, we unravel the transcriptome profiles of the regenerating melanocytes during early and late regeneration and the melanocytic nevi and malignant melanoma. Our global comparison of the gene expression profiles of melanocyte regeneration and nevi/melanoma uncovers the opposite regulation of a substantial number of genes related to Wnt signaling and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/(bone morphogenetic protein) BMP signaling pathways between regeneration and cancer. Functional activation of canonical Wnt or TGF-β/BMP pathways during melanocyte regeneration promoted melanocyte regeneration but potently suppressed the invasiveness, migration, and proliferation of human melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the opposite regulation of signaling mechanisms between melanocyte regeneration and melanoma can be exploited to stop tumor growth and develop new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Katkat
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Yeliz Demirci
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | | | - Doga Karagulle
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Irene Papatheodorou
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory—European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory—European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
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7
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Marocchi F, Palluzzi F, Nicoli P, Melixetian M, Lovati G, Bertalot G, Pece S, Ferrucci PF, Bossi D, Lanfrancone L. Actionable Genetic Screens Unveil Targeting of AURKA, MEK, and Fatty Acid Metabolism as an Alternative Therapeutic Approach for Advanced Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1993-2006.e10. [PMID: 37003468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable improvements achieved in the management of metastatic melanoma, there are still unmet clinical needs. A considerable fraction of patients does not respond to immune and/or targeted therapies owing to primary and acquired resistance, high-grade immune-related adverse events, and a lack of alternative treatment options. To design effective combination therapies, we set up a functional ex vivo preclinical assay on the basis of a drop-out genetic screen in metastatic melanoma patient-derived xenografts. We showed that this approach can be used to isolate actionable vulnerabilities predictive of drug efficacy. In particular, we highlighted that the dual targeting of AURKA and MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase employing the combination of alisertib and trametinib is highly effective in a cohort of metastatic melanoma patient-derived xenografts, both ex vivo and in vivo. Alisertib and trametinib combination therapy outperforms standard-of-care therapy in both BRAF-mutant patient-derived xenografts and targeted therapy-resistant models. Furthermore, alisertib and trametinib treatment modulates several critical cancer pathways, including an early metabolic reprogramming that leads to the transcriptional upregulation of the fatty acid oxidation pathway. This acquired trait unveiled an additional point of intervention for pharmacological targeting, and indeed, the triple combination of alisertib and trametinib with the fatty acid oxidation inhibitor etomoxir proved to be further beneficial, inducing tumor regression and remarkably prolonging the overall survival of the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Marocchi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Fernando Palluzzi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nicoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Marine Melixetian
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Lovati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy; Unità Operativa Multizonale di Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy; CISMED - Centre for Medical Sciences, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pece
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Francesco Ferrucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Bossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy; Institute of Oncology Research, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Lanfrancone
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.
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Kim YS, Kim D, Park J, Chung YJ. Single-cell RNA sequencing of a poorly metastatic melanoma cell line and its subclones with high lung and brain metastasis potential reveals gene expression signature of metastasis with prognostic implication. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1774-1784. [PMID: 37534569 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying melanoma metastasis remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying gene expression alterations during metastatic potential acquisition and characterize the metastatic subclones within primary cell lines. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of a poorly metastatic melanoma cell line (WM239A) and its subclones with high metastatic potential to the lung (113/6-4L) and the brain (131/4-5B1 and 131/4-5B2). Unsupervised clustering of 8173 melanoma cells identified three distinct clusters according to cell type ('Primary', 'Lung' and 'Brain' clusters) with differential expression of MITF and AXL pathways and putative cancer and cell cycle drivers, with the lung cluster expressing intermediate but distinct gene profiles between primary and brain clusters. Principal component (PC) analysis revealed that PC2 (the second PC), which was positively associated with MITF expression and negatively with AXL pathways, primarily segregated cell types, in addition to PC1 of the cell cycle pathway. Pseudotime trajectory and RNA velocity analyses suggested the existence of cellular subsets with metastatic potential in the Primary cluster and an association between PC2 signature alteration and metastasis potential acquisition. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas melanoma samples by clustering into PC2-high and -low clusters by quartiles of PC2 signature expression revealed that the PC2-high cluster was an independent significant factor for poor prognosis (p-value = 0.003) with distinct genomic and transcriptomic characteristics, compared to the PC2-low cluster. In conclusion, we identified signatures of melanoma metastasis with prognostic significance and putative pro-metastatic subclones within a primary cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Seob Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, IRCGP, Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Department of Microbiology, IRCGP, Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Department of Microbiology, IRCGP, Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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9
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Bélanger F, Roussel C, Sawchyn C, St-Hilaire E, Gezzar-Dandashi S, Kimenyi Ishimwe AB, Mallette FA, Wurtele H, Drobetsky E. A genome-wide screen reveals that Dyrk1A kinase promotes nucleotide excision repair by preventing aberrant overexpression of cyclin D1 and p21. J Biol Chem 2023:104900. [PMID: 37301510 PMCID: PMC10339196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) eliminates highly-genotoxic solar UV-induced DNA photoproducts that otherwise stimulate malignant melanoma development. Here, a genome-wide loss-of-function screen, coupling CRISPR/Cas9 technology with a flow cytometry-based DNA repair assay, was used to identify novel genes required for efficient NER in primary human fibroblasts. Interestingly, the screen revealed multiple genes encoding proteins, with no previously known involvement in UV damage repair, that significantly modulate NER uniquely during S phase of the cell cycle. Among these, we further characterized Dyrk1A, a dual specificity kinase that phosphorylates the proto-oncoprotein cyclin D1 on threonine 286 (T286), thereby stimulating its timely cytoplasmic relocalization and proteasomal degradation which is required for proper regulation of the G1-S phase transition and control of cellular proliferation. We demonstrate that in UV-irradiated HeLa cells, depletion of Dyrk1A leading to overexpression of cyclin D1 causes inhibition of NER uniquely during S phase and reduced cell survival. Consistently, expression/nuclear accumulation of nonphosphorylatable cyclin D1 (T286A) in melanoma cells strongly interferes with S phase NER and enhances cytotoxicity post-UV. Moreover, the negative impact of cyclin D1 (T286A) overexpression on repair is independent of cyclin-dependent kinase activity but requires cyclin D1-dependent upregulation of p21 expression. Our data indicate that inhibition of NER during S phase might represent a previously unappreciated non-canonical mechanism by which oncogenic cyclin D1 fosters melanomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Bélanger
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4
| | - Cassandra Roussel
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4
| | - Christina Sawchyn
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
| | - Edlie St-Hilaire
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4
| | - Sari Gezzar-Dandashi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
| | - Aimé Boris Kimenyi Ishimwe
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
| | - Frédérick Antoine Mallette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
| | - Hugo Wurtele
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4.
| | - Elliot Drobetsky
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Québec, Canada H1T 2M4; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4.
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McFadden JR, Chaudhari AS, Stevanovic M, Tsongalis GJ, Hughes EG, Sriharan A. Gain of CCND1 May Occur Too Infrequently in Cutaneous Melanoma, and Too Late in Melanomagenesis, to Be Diagnostically Useful: Genomic Analysis of 88 Cases. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:311-319. [PMID: 36939129 PMCID: PMC10916931 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Genomic analysis is an important tool in the diagnosis of histologically ambiguous melanocytic neoplasms. Melanomas, in contrast to nevi, are characterized by the presence of multiple copy number alterations. One such alteration is gain of the proto-oncogene CCND1 at 11q13. In melanoma, gain of CCND1 has been reported in approximately one-fifth of cases. Exact frequencies of CCND1 gain vary by melanoma subtype, ranging from 15.8% for lentigo maligna to 25.1% for acral melanoma. We present a cohort of 72 cutaneous melanomas from 2017-2022 in which only 6 (8.3%) showed evidence of CCND1 gain by chromosomal microarray. This CCND1 upregulation frequency falls well below those previously published and is significantly lower than estimated in the literature ( P < 0.05). In addition, all 6 melanomas with CCND1 gain had copy number alterations at other loci (most commonly CDKN2A loss, followed by RREB1 gain), and 5 were either thick or metastatic lesions. This suggests that CCND1 gene amplification may be a later event in melanomagenesis, long after a lesion would be borderline or equivocal by histology. Data from fluorescence in situ hybridization, performed on 16 additional cutaneous melanomas, further corroborate our findings. CCND1 gain may not be a common alteration in melanoma and likely occurs too late in melanomagenesis to be diagnostically useful. We present the largest chromosomal microarray analysis of CCND1 upregulation frequencies in cutaneous melanoma, conjecture 3 hypotheses to explain our novel observation, and discuss implications for the inclusion or exclusion of CCND1 probes in future melanoma gene panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R. McFadden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Mirjana Stevanovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Gregory J. Tsongalis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Edward G. Hughes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Aravindhan Sriharan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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11
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Chen D, Gao S, Gao F, Liu A, Li J, Li J, Liu Q. SMEK1 promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and invasion by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:976-986. [PMID: 36463369 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE SMEK1, also known as PP4R3α, the regulatory subunit 3α of serine and threonine phosphatase PP4, participates in diversely critical biological processes such as the integration of centromere, deacetylation of histones, asymmetric divisions of neuroblast, and other crucial cellular activities. SMEK1 was formerly reported to play a part in carcinogenesis. This study aims to reveal the role of SMEK1 in lung adenocarcinoma and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, the protein level of SMEK1 in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent non-tumor tissue was detected. The functional role of SMEK1 in cell proliferation and invasion was explored using cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. Xenograft tumor experiment was used to investigate the effect of SMEK1 on tumor growth in vivo. The alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was detected by Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS SMEK1 was highly expressed at the protein level in lung adenocarcinoma compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissue. In vitro, suppression of SMEK1 significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, while overexpression of SMEK1 enhanced above abilities. The xenograft model demonstrated that down-regulation of SMEK1 significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. In addition, we found that SMEK1 could positively regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. CONCLUSIONS SMEK1 exerts a cancer-promoting effect in lung adenocarcinoma by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jisheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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12
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Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines and Tissues Express mGluR5: A Potential Link to Ophelia Syndrome and Paraneoplastic Neurological Disease. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040606. [PMID: 36831273 PMCID: PMC9953995 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ophelia syndrome is characterized by the coincidence of severe neuropsychiatric symptoms, classical Hodgkin lymphoma, and the presence of antibodies to the metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor (mGluR5). Little is known about the pathogenetic link between these symptoms and the role that anti-mGluR5-antibodies play. We investigated lymphoma tissue from patients with Ophelia syndrome and with isolated classical Hodgkin lymphoma by quantitative immunocytochemistry for mGluR5-expression. Further, we studied the L-1236, L-428, L-540, SUP-HD1, KM-H2, and HDLM-2 classical Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines by FACS and Western blot for mGluR5-expression, and by transcriptome analysis. mGluR5 surface expression differed significantly in terms of receptor density, distribution pattern, and percentage of positive cells. The highest expression levels were found in the L-1236 line. RNA-sequencing revealed more than 800 genes that were higher expressed in the L-1236 line in comparison to the other classical Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines. High mGluR5-expression was associated with upregulation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways and of downstream targets (e.g., EGR1) known to be involved in classical Hodgkin lymphoma progression. Finally, mGluR5 expression was increased in the classical Hodgkin lymphoma-tissue of our Ophelia syndrome patient in contrast to five classical Hodgkin lymphoma-patients without autoimmune encephalitis. Given the association of encephalitis and classical Hodgkin lymphoma in Ophelia syndrome, it is possible that mGluR5-expression in classical Hodgkin lymphoma cells not only drives tumor progression but also triggers anti-mGluR5 encephalitis even before classical Hodgkin lymphoma becomes manifest.
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13
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Biphasic squamoid alveolar papillary renal cell carcinoma: A unique papillary renal cell carcinoma with distinctive morphology, immunophenotype and molecular genetic features. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 239:154120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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González-Moles MÁ, Keim-del Pino C, Ramos-García P. Hallmarks of Cancer Expression in Oral Lichen Planus: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13099. [PMID: 36361889 PMCID: PMC9658487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and likely autoimmune nature that is currently considered an oral potentially malignant disorder, implying that patients suffering from this process are at risk of developing oral cancer in their lifetime. The molecular alterations that develop in OLP and that make the affected oral epithelium predisposed to malignancy are unknown, although, as in other autoimmune diseases (ulcerative colitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, etc.), they may be linked to oncogenesis-promoting effects mediated by the inflammatory infiltrate. So far there is no in-depth knowledge on how these hallmarks of cancer are established in the cells of the oral epithelium affected by OLP. In this scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses the state of evidence based knowledge in this field is presented, to point out gaps of evidence and to indicate future lines of research. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and Dare were searched for secondary-level studies published before October 2022. The results identified 20 systematic reviews and meta-analyses critically appraising the hallmarks tumor-promoting inflammation (n = 17, 85%), sustaining proliferative signaling (n = 2, 10%), and evading growth suppressors (n = 1, 5%). No evidence was found for the other hallmarks of cancer in OLP. In conclusion, OLP malignization hypothetically derives from the aggressions of the inflammatory infiltrate and a particular type of epithelial response based on increased epithelial proliferation, evasion of growth-suppressive signals and lack of apoptosis. Future evidence-based research is required to support this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Keim-del Pino
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
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15
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Karami Fath M, Azargoonjahromi A, Soofi A, Almasi F, Hosseinzadeh S, Khalili S, Sheikhi K, Ferdousmakan S, Owrangi S, Fahimi M, Zalpoor H, Nabi Afjadi M, Payandeh Z, Pourzardosht N. Current understanding of epigenetics role in melanoma treatment and resistance. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:313. [PMID: 36224606 PMCID: PMC9555085 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer resulting from genetic mutations in melanocytes. Several factors have been considered to be involved in melanoma progression, including genetic alteration, processes of damaged DNA repair, and changes in mechanisms of cell growth and proliferation. Epigenetics is the other factor with a crucial role in melanoma development. Epigenetic changes have become novel targets for treating patients suffering from melanoma. These changes can alter the expression of microRNAs and their interaction with target genes, which involves cell growth, differentiation, or even death. Given these circumstances, we conducted the present review to discuss the melanoma risk factors and represent the current knowledge about the factors related to its etiopathogenesis. Moreover, various epigenetic pathways, which are involved in melanoma progression, treatment, and chemo-resistance, as well as employed epigenetic factors as a solution to the problems, will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Asma Soofi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Sheikhi
- School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Saeid Ferdousmakan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nargund College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, 560085, India
| | - Soroor Owrangi
- Student Research Committe, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Navid Pourzardosht
- Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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16
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Wu HZ, Li LY, Jiang SL, Li YZ, Shi XM, Sun XY, Li Z, Cheng Y. RSK2 promotes melanoma cell proliferation and vemurafenib resistance via upregulating cyclin D1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:950571. [PMID: 36210843 PMCID: PMC9541206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.950571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF inhibitors are commonly used in targeted therapies for melanoma patients harboring BRAFV600E mutant. Despite the benefit of vemurafenib therapy, acquired resistance during or after treatment remains a major obstacle in BRAFV600E mutant melanoma. Here we found that RSK2 is overexpressed in melanoma cells and the high expression of RSK2 indicates poor overall survival (OS) in melanoma patients. Overexpression of RSK2 leads to vemurafenib resistance, and the deletion of RSK2 inhibits cell proliferation and sensitizes melanoma cells to vemurafenib. Mechanistically, RSK2 enhances the phosphorylation of FOXO1 by interacting with FOXO1 and promoting its subsequent degradation, leading to upregulation of cyclin D1 in melanoma cells. These results not only reveal the presence of a RSK2-FOXO1-cyclin D1 signaling pathway in melanoma, but also provide a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of vemurafenib against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhou Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan-Ya Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Long Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Cheng, ; Zhuo Li,
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Cheng, ; Zhuo Li,
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17
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Hasan M, Zafar A, Jabbar M, Tariq T, Manzoor Y, Ahmed MM, Hassan SG, Shu X, Mahmood N. Trident Nano-Indexing the Proteomics Table: Next-Version Clustering of Iron Carbide NPs and Protein Corona. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185754. [PMID: 36144499 PMCID: PMC9500999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein corona composition and precise physiological understanding of differentially expressed proteins are key for identifying disease biomarkers. In this report, we presented a distinctive quantitative proteomics table of molecular cell signaling differentially expressed proteins of corona that formed on iron carbide nanoparticles (NPs). High-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization coupled with ion trap mass analyzer (HPLC/ESI-Orbitrap) and MASCOT helped quantify 142 differentially expressed proteins. Among these proteins, 104 proteins showed upregulated behavior and 38 proteins were downregulated with respect to the control, whereas 48, 32 and 24 proteins were upregulated and 8, 9 and 21 were downregulated CW (control with unmodified NPs), CY (control with modified NPs) and WY (modified and unmodified NPs), respectively. These proteins were further categorized on behalf of their regularity, locality, molecular functionality and molecular masses using gene ontology (GO). A STRING analysis was used to target the specific range of proteins involved in metabolic pathways and molecular processing in different kinds of binding functionalities, such as RNA, DNA, ATP, ADP, GTP, GDP and calcium ion bindings. Thus, this study will help develop efficient protocols for the identification of latent biomarkers in early disease detection using protein fingerprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza Hasan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (X.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Ayesha Zafar
- Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Maryum Jabbar
- Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Tuba Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yasmeen Manzoor
- Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mahmood Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Gul Hassan
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xugang Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (X.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Nasir Mahmood
- School of Science, RMIT University, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (X.S.); (N.M.)
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18
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Brokowska J, Gaffke L, Pierzynowska K, Cyske Z, Węgrzyn G. Cell cycle disturbances in mucopolysaccharidoses: Transcriptomic and experimental studies on cellular models. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1639-1649. [PMID: 36000158 PMCID: PMC9597211 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221114872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage diseases caused by defects in genes coding for proteins involved in degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). These complex carbohydrates accumulate in cells causing their serious dysfunctions. Apart from the physical GAG storage, secondary and tertiary changes may contribute significantly to the pathomechanism of the disease. Among processes which were not systematically investigated in MPS cells to date there is the cell cycle. Here, we studied perturbances in this crucial cellular process in majority of MPS types. Transcriptomic analyses indicated that expression of many genes coding for proteins involved in the cell cycle is dysregulated in all tested MPS cells. Importantly, levels of transcripts of particular genes were changed in the same manner (i.e. either up- or down-regulated) in most or all types of the disease, indicating a common mechanism of the dysregulation. Flow cytometric studies demonstrated that the cell cycle is disturbed in all MPS types, with increased fractions of cells in the G0/G1 phase in most types and decreased fractions of cells in the G2/M phase in all types. We found that increased levels of cyclin D1 and disturbed timing of its appearance during the cell cycle may contribute to the mechanism of dysregulation of this process in MPS. Reduction of GAG levels by either a specific enzyme or genistein-mediated inhibition of synthesis of these compounds improved, but not fully corrected, the cell cycle in MPS fibroblasts. Therefore, it is suggested that combination of the therapeutic approaches devoted to reduction of GAG levels with cyclin D1 inhibitors might be considered in further works on developing effective treatment procedures for MPS.
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González-Moles MÁ, Warnakulasuriya S, López-Ansio M, Ramos-García P. Hallmarks of Cancer Applied to Oral and Oropharyngeal Carcinogenesis: A Scoping Review of the Evidence Gaps Found in Published Systematic Reviews. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153834. [PMID: 35954497 PMCID: PMC9367256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This scoping review of systematic reviews aims to accurately assess the degree of existing scientific evidence on the cancer hallmarks proposed in 2011 by Hanahan and Weinberg, in the form of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, applied to oral potentially malignant disorders, oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, in order to point out gaps in evidence and lines of research that should be implemented in the future to improve the malignant transformation prediction, diagnosis and/or prognosis of these diseases. Abstract In 2000 and 2011, Hanahan and Weinberg published two papers in which they defined the characteristics that cells must fulfil in order to be considered neoplastic cells in all types of tumours that affect humans, which the authors called “hallmarks of cancer”. These papers have represented a milestone in our understanding of the biology of many types of cancers and have made it possible to reach high levels of scientific evidence in relation to the prognostic impact that these hallmarks have on different tumour types. However, to date, there is no study that globally analyses evidence-based knowledge on the importance of these hallmarks in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. For this reason, we set out to conduct this scoping review of systematic reviews with the aim of detecting evidence gaps in relation to the relevance of the cancer hallmarks proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg in oral and oropharyngeal cancer, and oral potentially malignant disorders, and to point out future lines of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- WHO Collaborating for Oral Cancer, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - María López-Ansio
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
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20
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Koirala N, Dey N, Aske J, De P. Targeting Cell Cycle Progression in HER2+ Breast Cancer: An Emerging Treatment Opportunity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126547. [PMID: 35742993 PMCID: PMC9224522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of HER2-targeted therapies has dramatically improved patient survival and patient management and increased the quality of life in the HER2+ breast cancer patient population. Due to the activation of compensatory pathways, patients eventually suffer from resistance to HER2-directed therapies and develop a more aggressive disease phenotype. One of these mechanisms is the crosstalk between ER and HER2 signaling, especially the CDK4/6-Cyclin D-Rb signaling axis that is commonly active and has received attention for its potential role in regulating tumor progression. CDK 4/6 inhibitors interfere with the binding of cell-cycle-dependent kinases (CDKs) with their cognate partner cyclins, and forestall the progression of the cell cycle by preventing Rb phosphorylation and E2F release that consequentially leads to cancer cell senescence. CDK 4/6 inhibitors, namely, palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, in combination with anti-estrogen therapies, have shown impressive outcomes in hormonal receptor-positive (HR+) disease and have received approval for this disease context. As an extension of this concept, preclinical/clinical studies incorporating CDK 4/6 inhibitors with HER2-targeted drugs have been evaluated and have shown potency in limiting tumor progression, restoring therapeutic sensitivity, and may improving the management of the disease. Currently, several clinical trials are examining the synergistic effects of CDK 4/6 inhibitors with optimized HER2-directed therapies for the (ER+/-) HER2+ population in the metastatic setting. In this review, we aim to interrogate the burden of HER2+ disease in light of recent treatment progress in the field and examine the clinical benefit of CDK 4/6 inhibitors as a replacement for traditional chemotherapy to improve outcomes in HER2+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pradip De
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-605-322-3297; Fax: +1-605-322-6901
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21
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Kim YJ, Jung CJ, Na H, Lee WJ, Chang SE, Lee MW, Park CS, Lim Y, Won CH. Cyclin D1 and PRAME expression in distinguishing melanoma in situ from benign melanocytic proliferation of the nail unit. Diagn Pathol 2022; 17:41. [PMID: 35484605 PMCID: PMC9047257 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-022-01218-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinguishing benign lesion from early malignancy in melanocytic lesions of the nail unit still remains a diagnostic challenge, both clinically and histopathologically. While several immunohistochemistry (IHC) stainings have been suggested to help discriminate benign subungual melanocytic proliferation (SMP) and subungual melanoma in situ (MIS), the diagnostic utility of IHC staining for cyclin D1 and PRAME has not been thoroughly investigated in melanocytic lesions of nail unit. METHODS This retrospective study included cases of benign SMP and subungual MIS confirmed by biopsy at Asan Medical Center from January 2016 to December 2020. Cases of melanocytic activation without proliferation and melanoma where dermal invasion was identified were excluded. Cyclin D1 and PRAME expression was assessed by counting proportion of melanocytes with nuclear positivity under 200x magnification. RESULTS A total of 14 patients with benign SMP and 13 patients with subungual MIS were included in this study. 11 patients with benign SMP (71.4%) and 5 patients with subungual MIS (38.5%) showed > 60% nuclear immunostaining for cyclin D1, respectively. While 13 patients with benign SMP (92.9%) showed totally negative staining for PRAME, 10 patients with subungual MIS (76.9%) exhibited > 50% nuclear immunostaining for PRAME. Using the cutoff of 10%, PRAME exhibited good overall discrimination between benign SMP and subungual MIS (AUC = 0.849, 95% CI = 0.659-0.957). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that PRAME IHC staining as a reliable discriminator in distinguishing subungual MIS from benign SMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jae Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Jin Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoungmin Na
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngkyoung Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea.
- Present address: Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak ro, Jongno gu, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic- ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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22
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Wang X, Liu D, Cui G, Shen H. Circ_0088036 mediated progression and inflammation in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis by miR-1263/REL-activated NF-κB pathway. Transpl Immunol 2022; 73:101604. [PMID: 35460876 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common joint disease with abnormal development of human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have essential regulation in the disease progression, and this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of circ_0088036 in RA. METHODS RNA expression analysis was performed through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Cell experiments were conducted by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay for cell viability, EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) assay for proliferation and flow cytometry for cell cycle or apoptosis. The protein detection was conducted using western blot. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine the inflammatory cytokines. The binding identification was carried out through dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay and pull-down assay. RESULTS The level of circ_0088036 RNA was significantly upregulated in sera and in HFLS cells of RA patients. Targeted silencing of circ_0088036 restrained proliferation, cell cycle progression and inflammatory reaction through promoted the apoptosis of HFLS-RA cells via inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. The miR-1263 was identified as a target of circ_0088036. MiR-1263 was found to be down-regulated in sera and in HFLS cells of RA patients. The regulatory effects of circ_0088036 on HFLS-RA cells were attributed to inhibit the miR-1263 level. REL is a susceptibility locus for certain autoimmune diseases. MiR-1263 directly targeted REL, which was discovered to be elevated in sera and HFLS cells of RA patients, and circ_0088036 interacted with miR-1263 to affect REL expression. Functionally, overexpression of miR-1263 suppressed the development of HFLS-RA by blocking the NF-κB pathway, and this phenomenon was reversed by the upregulation of REL. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that circ_0088036/miR-1263/REL/NF-κB pathway was involved in the functional development of HFLS-RA cells, indicating a novel molecular network in RA progression in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Departement of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guofeng Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Haili Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou,Gansu 730030,China.
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23
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Garces S, Medeiros LJ, Marques-Piubelli ML, Coelho Siqueira SA, Miranda RN, Cuglievan B, Sriganeshan V, Medina AM, Garces JC, Saluja K, Bhattacharjee MB, Khoury JD, Li S, Xu J, Jelloul FZ, Thakral B, Cameron Yin C. Cyclin D1 expression in Rosai-Dorfman disease: A near constant finding that is not invariably associated with MAPK/ERK pathway activation. Hum Pathol 2022; 121:36-45. [PMID: 34995673 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Activating mutations in the MAPK/ERK pathway have been shown in nearly half of cases of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD). Cyclin D1, a key cell cycle regulator, constitutes a major downstream target of the MAPK/ERK pathway. In this study, we aim to further understand the pathogenesis of RDD by assessing the lesional histiocytes for cyclin D1, p-ERK, Ki-67 and BCL2 by immunohistochemistry We assessed 35 samples of RDD and a control group of histiocyte-rich reactive lesions. Cyclin D1 was expressed in about 90% of cases of RDD. Cyclin D1 was positive in 25-95% (median, 85%) of lesional histiocytes, was moderately/strongly expressed in 97% of cyclin D1-positive cases, and was significantly higher than in control specimens. p-ERK was positive in 16 of 30 (53%) cases of RDD and was negative in all controls. Whereas all p-ERK-positive RDD cases had concurrent cyclin D1 expression, over a third of cyclin D1-positive cases were negative for p-ERK. Ki-67 was low in RDD (median, 3%). BCL-2 was positive in lesional histiocytes in nine of 10 RDD cases assessed and was negative Overall, these findings point to unexpected, potential roles of these molecules in the pathogenesis of RDD. Overexpression of cyclin D1 in the absence of ERK phosphorylation in a subset of RDD cases opens the possibility of oncogenic mechanisms bypassing ERK, and supports the notion that cyclin D1 overexpression in RDD is multifactorial. Moreover, the observed lack of correlation between cyclin D1 with Ki-67 proliferative index suggests that prosurvival actions of cyclin D1 are, at least in part, cell-cycle independent. Finally, expression of BCL-2 and the low Ki-67 index suggest that RDD might be driven by anti-apoptotic rather than pro-proliferative oncogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mario Luiz Marques-Piubelli
- Department of Hematopathology; Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Branko Cuglievan
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Ana Maria Medina
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Garces
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Oncológico Nacional Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Karan Saluja
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematopathology
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24
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Tetracaine hydrochloride induces cell cycle arrest in melanoma by downregulating hnRNPA1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 434:115810. [PMID: 34822839 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests potential benefits of applying local anesthetics in cancer patients. Specifically, tetracaine has a potent antitumor effect in diverse cancers, including neuroblastoma, breast cancer, and melanoma; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we reported that tetracaine hydrochloride inhibited the growth of melanoma cells and arrested melanoma cells in the G0/G1 phase. Tetracaine hydrochloride treatment resulted in translocation of hnRNPA1 from the nucleoplasm to the nuclear envelope and reduced the protein stability of hnRNPA1 possibly by disrupting the dynamic balance of ubiquitination and neddylation. Elevated hnRNPA1 upregulated cyclin D1 to promote cell cycle in melanoma. The hnRNPA1 overexpression attenuated the effect of tetracaine hydrochloride on melanoma cell growth suppression and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, melanoma homograft experiments demonstrated that tetracaine hydrochloride suppressed melanoma growth, while hnRNPA1 overexpression alleviated tetracaine's antitumor effect on melanoma. Taken together, our findings suggest that tetracaine hydrochloride exerts a potent antitumor effect on melanoma both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect involves cell cycle arrest induction via downregulation of hnRNPA1.
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25
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Wu SQ, Huang SH, Lin QW, Tang YX, Huang L, Xu YG, Wang SP. FDI-6 and olaparib synergistically inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer by repressing BUB1, BRCA1 and CDC25A signaling pathways. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:106040. [PMID: 34954029 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inducing homologous recombination (HR) deficiency is a promising strategy to broaden the indication of PARP1/2 inhibitors in pancreatic cancer treatment. In addition to inhibition kinases, repression of the transcriptional function of FOXM1 has been reported to inhibit HR-mediated DNA repair. We found that FOXM1 inhibitor FDI-6 and PARP1/2 inhibitor Olaparib synergistically inhibited the malignant growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The results of bioinformatic analysis and mechanistic study showed that FOXM1 directly interacted with PARP1. Olaparib induced the feedback overexpression of PARP1/2, FOXM1, CDC25A, CCND1, CDK1, CCNA2, CCNB1, CDC25B, BRCA1/2 and Rad51 to promote the acceleration of cell mitosis and recovery of DNA repair, which caused the generation of adaptive resistance. FDI-6 reversed Olaparib-induced adaptive resistance and inhibited cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair by repressing the expression of FOXM1, PARP1/2, BUB1, CDC25A, BRCA1 and other genes-involved in cell cycle control and DNA damage repair. We believe that targeting FOXM1 and PARP1/2 is a promising combination therapy for pancreatic cancer without HR deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shi-Hui Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian-Wen Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yun-Gen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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26
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Association of Melanoma-Risk Variants with Primary Melanoma Tumor Prognostic Characteristics and Melanoma-Specific Survival in the GEM Study. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:4756-4771. [PMID: 34898573 PMCID: PMC8628692 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate pathway studies have identified low-penetrant genetic variants associated with cutaneous melanoma. We investigated the association of melanoma-risk variants with primary melanoma tumor prognostic characteristics and melanoma-specific survival. The Genes, Environment, and Melanoma Study enrolled 3285 European origin participants with incident invasive primary melanoma. For each of 47 melanoma-risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we used linear and logistic regression modeling to estimate, respectively, the per allele mean changes in log of Breslow thickness and odds ratios for presence of ulceration, mitoses, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). We also used Cox proportional hazards regression modeling to estimate the per allele hazard ratios for melanoma-specific survival. Passing the false discovery threshold (p = 0.0026) were associations of IRF4 rs12203592 and CCND1 rs1485993 with log of Breslow thickness, and association of TERT rs2242652 with presence of mitoses. IRF4 rs12203592 also had nominal associations (p < 0.05) with presence of mitoses and melanoma-specific survival, as well as a borderline association (p = 0.07) with ulceration. CCND1 rs1485993 also had a borderline association with presence of mitoses (p = 0.06). MX2 rs45430 had nominal associations with log of Breslow thickness, presence of mitoses, and melanoma-specific survival. Our study indicates that further research investigating the associations of these genetic variants with underlying biologic pathways related to tumor progression is warranted.
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27
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Garutti M, Targato G, Buriolla S, Palmero L, Minisini AM, Puglisi F. CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Melanoma: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061334. [PMID: 34071228 PMCID: PMC8227121 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, metastatic melanoma was considered a highly lethal disease. However, recent advances in drug development have allowed a significative improvement in prognosis. In particular, BRAF/MEK inhibitors and anti-PD1 antibodies have completely revolutionized the management of this disease. Nonetheless, not all patients derive a benefit or a durable benefit from these therapies. To overtake this challenges, new clinically active compounds are being tested in the context of clinical trials. CDK4/6 inhibitors are drugs already available in clinical practice and preliminary evidence showed a promising activity also in melanoma. Herein we review the available literature to depict a comprehensive landscape about CDK4/6 inhibitors in melanoma. We present the molecular and genetic background that might justify the usage of these drugs, the preclinical evidence, the clinical available data, and the most promising ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Garutti
- CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giada Targato
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (G.T.); (S.B.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Silvia Buriolla
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (G.T.); (S.B.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Lorenza Palmero
- CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.)
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (G.T.); (S.B.); (A.M.M.)
| | | | - Fabio Puglisi
- CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (L.P.); (F.P.)
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (G.T.); (S.B.); (A.M.M.)
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28
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González-Ruiz L, González-Moles MÁ, González-Ruiz I, Ruiz-Ávila I, Ramos-García P. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of CCND1/Cyclin D1 Upregulation in Melanomas: A Systematic Review and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1314. [PMID: 33804108 PMCID: PMC7999631 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of cyclin D1 (CD1) overexpression/CCND1 amplification in melanomas. We searched studies published before September 2019 (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus). We evaluated the quality of the studies included (QUIPS tool). The impact of CD1 overexpression/CCND1 amplification on overall survival and relevant clinicopathological characteristic were meta-analyzed. We performed heterogeneity, sensitivity, small-study effects, and subgroup analyses. Forty-one studies and 3451 patients met inclusion criteria. Qualitative evaluation demonstrated that not all studies were performed with the same rigor, finding the greatest risk of bias in the study confounding domain. Quantitative evaluation showed that immunohistochemical CD1 overexpression had a statistical association with Breslow thickness (p = 0.007; OR = 2.09,95% CI = 1.23-3.57), significantly higher frequency of CCND1/cyclin D1 abnormalities has been observed in the primary tumor compared to distant metastases (p = 0.004), revealed also by immunohistochemical overexpression of the protein (p < 0.001; OR = 0.53,95% CI = 0.40-0.71), while the CCND1 gene amplification does not show association (p = 0.43); while gene amplification, on the contrary, appeared more frequently in distant metastases (p = 0.04; OR = 1.70,95% CI = 1.01-2.85) and not in the primary tumor. In conclusion, CCND1/cyclin D1 upregulation is a common molecular oncogenic alteration in melanomas that probably favors the growth and expansion of the primary tumor. This upregulation is mainly consequence to the overexpression of the cyclin D1 protein, and not to gene amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía González-Ruiz
- Dermatology Service, Ciudad Real General University Hospital, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain; (I.G.-R.); (P.R.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
- WHO Collaborating Group for Oral Cancer, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabel González-Ruiz
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain; (I.G.-R.); (P.R.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Isabel Ruiz-Ávila
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
- Pathology Service, San Cecilio Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain; (I.G.-R.); (P.R.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
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29
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Krajewski A, Gagat M, Mikołajczyk K, Izdebska M, Żuryń A, Grzanka A. Cyclin F Downregulation Affects Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Increasing Proliferation and Migration of the A-375 Melanoma Cell Line. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:13085-13097. [PMID: 33376401 PMCID: PMC7765751 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s279169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclins are well-known cell cycle regulators. The activation of cyclin-dependent kinases by cyclins allows orchestration of the complicated cell cycle machinery and drives the cell from the G1 phase to the end of the mitotic phase. In recent years, it has become evident that cyclins are involved in processes beyond the cell cycle. Cyclin F does not activate CDKs but forms part of the Skp1-Cul1-F-box (SCF) complex where it is responsible for protein target recognition and subsequent degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner. Results Here, we report that the downregulation of cyclin F in the A-375 melanoma cell line increases cell viability and colony formation in a cell cycle independent manner. Lower levels of cyclin F do not appear to affect the cell cycle, based on flow cytometry measuring BrdU incorporation and propidium iodide staining. By means of immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis, we observed changes in cell morphology-related markers which suggested ongoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to cyclin F downregulation. Increases in vimentin and N-cadherin protein levels, decreases in levels of epithelial markers such as ZO-1, along with changes in morphology to a spindle-like shape with the appearance of actin stress fibers, are all hallmarks of EMT. These changes are associated with increased invasive and migratory potential, based on 2D migration assays. Moreover, we observe an increase in RhoABC, talin and paxillin levels, the proteins involved in controlling cell signaling and motility. Lastly, upon knocking down cyclin F expression, we observed a decrease in thrombospondin-1 expression, suggesting a role of cyclin F in angiogenesis. Conclusion Cyclin F depletion induces proliferation and EMT processes in the A-375 melanoma model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Krajewski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Klaudia Mikołajczyk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Izdebska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Żuryń
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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