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Özer Y, Cansever MŞ, Turan H, Bayramoğlu E, Bingöl Aydın D, İşat E, Ceyhun E, Zubarioğlu T, Aktuğlu Zeybek AÇ, Kıykım E, Evliyaoğlu O. Pteridine and tryptophan pathways in children with type 1 diabetes: Isoxanthopterin as an indicator of endothelial dysfunction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116072. [PMID: 38437786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its complications are known to be associated with oxidative stress. Pteridine derivatives and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity can be used as biomarkers in the evaluation of oxidative stress. In this study, our aim is to compare the concentrations of serum and urinary pteridine derivatives, as well as serum IDO activity, in children and adolescents diagnosed with T1D and those in a healthy control group. METHOD A cross-sectional study was performed and included 93 patients with T1D and 71 healthy children. Serum and urine biopterin, neopterin, monapterin, pterin, isoxanthopterin, and pterin-6-carboxylic acid (6PTC) and serum tryptophan and kynurenine levels were analyzed and compared with healthy controls. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for the analysis of pteridine derivatives, tryptophan, and kynurenine. Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, a marker of oxidative stress, was defined by measurement of serum and urine isoxanthopterin. As an indicator of indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity, the ratio of serum kynurenine/tryptophan was used. RESULTS Serum isoxanthopterin and tryptophan concentrations were increased, and serum 6PTC concentration was decreased in children with T1D (p=0.01, p=0.021, p<0.001, respectively). In children with T1D, IDO activity was not different from healthy controls (p>0.05). Serum neopterin level and duration of diabetes were weakly correlated (p=0.045, r=0.209); urine neopterin/creatinine and isoxanthopterin/creatinine levels were weakly correlated with HbA1c levels (p=0.005, r=0.305; p=0.021, r=0.249, respectively). Urine pterin/creatinine level negatively correlated with body mass index-SDS. (p=0.015, r=-0.208). CONCLUSION We found for the first time that isoxanthopterin levels increased and 6PTC levels decreased in children and adolescents with T1D. Elevated isoxanthopterin levels suggest that the XO activity is increased in TID. Increased XO activity may be an indicator of vascular complications reflecting T1D-related endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Özer
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Şerif Cansever
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Turan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elvan Bayramoğlu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Bingöl Aydın
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra İşat
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Ceyhun
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tanyel Zubarioğlu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çiğdem Aktuğlu Zeybek
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Kıykım
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olcay Evliyaoğlu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Krupa A, Łebkowska A, Kondraciuk M, Kaminski KA, Kowalska I. Alteration in kynurenine pathway metabolites in young women with autoimmune thyroiditis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6851. [PMID: 38514790 PMCID: PMC10957988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation includes several compounds that reveal immunomodulatory properties. The present study aimed to investigate the alteration in KP metabolites in young women with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and their associations with thyroid function. The thyroid function tests, antithyroid antibodies measurement and ultrasonography of the thyroid gland have been performed in 57 young women with AIT and 38 age-matched healthy controls. The serum levels of tryptophan, kynurenine (KYN) and its metabolites were determined, and the activity of KP enzymes was calculated indirectly as product-to-substrate ratios. KP was activated and dysregulated in AIT, along with significantly elevated levels of KYN and anthranilic acid (AA), at the expense of the reduction of kynurenic acid (KYNA), which was reflected by the increase in the AA/KYNA ratio (p < 0.001). In univariate and multiple regression analyses, peripheral deiodinase (SPINA-GD) activity in AIT was positively associated with KYNA, AA, and quinolinic acid (QA). The merger of AA, AA/KYNA ratio, QA and SPINA-GD exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity to predict AIT (p < 0.001) in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. In conclusion, the serum KYN metabolite profile is dysregulated in young women with AIT and could serve as a new predictor of AIT risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krupa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Łebkowska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Kondraciuk
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15B, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | - Karol Adam Kaminski
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15B, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | - Irina Kowalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
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Hendrix G, Lokhnygina Y, Ramaker M, Ilkayeva O, Muehlbauer M, Evans W, Rasbach L, Benjamin R, Freemark M, Gumus Balikcioglu P. Catabolism of fats and branched-chain amino acids in children with Type 1 diabetes: Association with glycaemic control and total daily insulin dose. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2023; 6:e448. [PMID: 37715520 PMCID: PMC10638627 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperglycaemia in Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from an absolute insulin deficiency. However, insulin resistance (IR) may exacerbate glycaemic instability in T1D and contribute to long-term cardiovascular complications. We previously showed that IR in teenagers with obesity is associated with sex-dependent derangements in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and fatty acids. Here we hypothesized that byproducts of BCAA and fatty acid metabolism may serve as biomarkers or determinants of glycaemic control and IR in prepubertal or early pubertal children with T1D. METHODS Metabolites, hormones and cytokines from fasting blood samples were analysed in 28 children (15 females, 13 males; age 6-11 years) with T1D. Principal components analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression models were used to correlate metabolites of interest with glycaemic control, total daily insulin dose (TDD, units/kg/d), adiponectin and the triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio. RESULTS Males and females were comparable in age, BMI-z, insulin sensitivity, glycaemic control, inflammatory markers, BCAAs and C2/C3/C5-acylcarnitines. The majority of components retained in PCA were related to fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and BCAA catabolism. HbA1c correlated positively with Factor 2 (acylcarnitines, incomplete FAO) and Factor 9 (fasting glucose). TDD correlated negatively with C3 and C5 and Factor 10 (BCAA catabolism) and positively with the ratio of C2 to C3 + C5 and Factor 9 (fasting glucose). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that glucose intolerance in prepubertal or early pubertal children with T1D is accompanied by incomplete FAO while TDD is associated with preferential catabolism of fats relative to amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Hendrix
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Yuliya Lokhnygina
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Megan Ramaker
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and NutritionDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Michael Muehlbauer
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - William Evans
- University of California‐BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Lisa Rasbach
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Robert Benjamin
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Michael Freemark
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Pinar Gumus Balikcioglu
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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Gao J, Yang T, Song B, Ma X, Ma Y, Lin X, Wang H. Abnormal tryptophan catabolism in diabetes mellitus and its complications: Opportunities and challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115395. [PMID: 37657259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence rate of diabetes mellitus (DM), including type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), has increased year by year and has become a major global health problem. DM can lead to serious complications of macrovascular and microvascular. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid for the human body. Trp is metabolized in the body through the indole pathway, kynurenine (Kyn) pathway and serotonin (5-HT) pathway, and is regulated by intestinal microorganisms to varying degrees. These three metabolic pathways have extensive regulatory effects on the immune, endocrine, neural, and energy metabolism systems of the body, and are related to the physiological and pathological processes of various diseases. The key enzymes and metabolites in the Trp metabolic pathway are also deeply involved in the pathogenesis of DM, playing an important role in pancreatic function, insulin resistance (IR), intestinal barrier, and angiogenesis. In DM and its complications, there is a disruption of Trp metabolic balance. Several therapy approaches for DM and complications have been proven to modify tryptophan metabolism. The metabolism of Trp is becoming a new area of focus for DM prevention and care. This paper reviews the impact of the three metabolic pathways of Trp on the pathogenesis of DM and the alterations in Trp metabolism in these diseases, expecting to provide entry points for the treatment of DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Gao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bohan Song
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yichen Ma
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Hongwu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Lamichhane S, Sen P, Dickens AM, Kråkström M, Ilonen J, Lempainen J, Hyöty H, Lahesmaa R, Veijola R, Toppari J, Hyötyläinen T, Knip M, Orešič M. Circulating metabolic signatures of rapid and slow progression to type 1 diabetes in islet autoantibody-positive children. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1211015. [PMID: 37745723 PMCID: PMC10516565 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1211015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis Appearance of multiple islet cell autoantibodies in early life is indicative of future progression to overt type 1 diabetes, however, at varying rates. Here, we aimed to study whether distinct metabolic patterns could be identified in rapid progressors (RP, disease manifestation within 18 months after the initial seroconversion to autoantibody positivity) vs. slow progressors (SP, disease manifestation at 60 months or later from the appearance of the first autoantibody). Methods Longitudinal samples were collected from RP (n=25) and SP (n=41) groups at the ages of 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, or ≥ 36 months. We performed a comprehensive metabolomics study, analyzing both polar metabolites and lipids. The sample series included a total of 239 samples for lipidomics and 213 for polar metabolites. Results We observed that metabolites mediated by gut microbiome, such as those involved in tryptophan metabolism, were the main discriminators between RP and SP. The study identified specific circulating molecules and pathways, including amino acid (threonine), sugar derivatives (hexose), and quinic acid that may define rapid vs. slow progression to type 1 diabetes. However, the circulating lipidome did not appear to play a major role in differentiating between RP and SP. Conclusion/interpretation Our study suggests that a distinct metabolic profile is linked with the type 1 diabetes progression. The identification of specific metabolites and pathways that differentiate RP from SP may have implications for early intervention strategies to delay the development of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Lamichhane
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Partho Sen
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Alex M. Dickens
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, University, Turku, Finland
| | - Matilda Kråkström
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Lempainen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Mikael Knip
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Mujalli A, Farrash WF, Alghamdi KS, Obaid AA. Metabolite Alterations in Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review of Metabolomics Studies. Metabolites 2023; 13:987. [PMID: 37755267 PMCID: PMC10537330 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, characterized by the immune system's loss of self-tolerance, lack definitive diagnostic tests, necessitating the search for reliable biomarkers. This systematic review aims to identify common metabolite changes across multiple autoimmune diseases. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature review by searching MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus (Elsevier) using keywords "Metabolomics", "Autoimmune diseases", and "Metabolic changes". Articles published in English up to March 2023 were included without a specific start date filter. Among 257 studies searched, 88 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria. The included articles were categorized based on analyzed biological fluids: 33 on serum, 21 on plasma, 15 on feces, 7 on urine, and 12 on other biological fluids. Each study presented different metabolites with indications of up-regulation or down-regulation when available. The current study's findings suggest that amino acid metabolism may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for autoimmune diseases, particularly in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Crohn's disease (CD). While other metabolic alterations were reported, it implies that autoimmune disorders trigger multi-metabolite changes rather than singular alterations. These shifts could be consequential outcomes of autoimmune disorders, representing a more complex interplay. Further studies are needed to validate the metabolomics findings associated with autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Mujalli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia; (W.F.F.); (A.A.O.)
| | - Wesam F. Farrash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia; (W.F.F.); (A.A.O.)
| | - Kawthar S. Alghamdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al-Batin 39511, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmad A. Obaid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia; (W.F.F.); (A.A.O.)
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Lv D, Cao X, Zhong L, Dong Y, Xu Z, Rong Y, Xu H, Wang Z, Yang H, Yin R, Chen M, Ke C, Hu Z, Deng W, Tang B. Targeting phenylpyruvate restrains excessive NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pathological inflammation in diabetic wound healing. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101129. [PMID: 37480849 PMCID: PMC10439185 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Moderate inflammation is essential for standard wound healing. In pathological conditions, such as diabetes, protracted and refractory wounds are associated with excessive inflammation, manifested by persistent proinflammatory macrophage states. However, the mechanisms are still unclear. Herein, we perform a metabolomic profile and find a significant phenylpyruvate accumulation in diabetic foot ulcers. Increased phenylpyruvate impairs wound healing and augments inflammatory responses, whereas reducing phenylpyruvate via dietary phenylalanine restriction relieves uncontrolled inflammation and benefits diabetic wounds. Mechanistically, phenylpyruvate is ingested into macrophages in a scavenger receptor CD36-dependent manner, binds to PPT1, and inhibits depalmitoylase activity, thus increasing palmitoylation of the NLRP3 protein. Increased NLRP3 palmitoylation is found to enhance NLRP3 protein stability, decrease lysosome degradation, and promote NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the release of inflammatory factors, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, finally triggering the proinflammatory macrophage phenotype. Our study suggests a potential strategy of targeting phenylpyruvate to prevent excessive inflammation in diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Lv
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xiaoling Cao
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Li Zhong
- Center of Digestive Diseases, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 517108, China
| | - Yunxian Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, China
| | - Zhongye Xu
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yanchao Rong
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hailin Xu
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Chao Ke
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
| | - Bing Tang
- Department of Burns, Wound Repair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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8
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Zhen D, Ding L, Wang B, Wang X, Hou Y, Ding W, Portha B, Liu J. Oral administration of kynurenic acid delays the onset of type 2 diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17733. [PMID: 37424591 PMCID: PMC10328841 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous catabolite of tryptophan that has been found to demonstrate neuroprotective properties in psychiatric disorders. Recently, accumulating data have suggested that KYNA may also play a significant role in various metabolic diseases by stimulating energy metabolism in adipose tissue and muscle. However, whether KYNA can serves as an anti-diabetes agent has yet to be studied. In this study, we investigated the potential anti-diabetic effects of administering KYNA orally through drinking water in pre-diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats and examined how this treatment may influence energy metabolism regulation within the liver. We found that hyperglycemic Goto-Kakizaki rats showed lower plasmatic KYNA levels compared to normal rats. Oral administration of KYNA significantly delayed the onset of diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats compared to untreated animals. Moreover, we found that KYNA treatment significantly increased respiration exchange ratio and promoted the energy expenditure by stimulating the expression of uncoupling protein (UCP). We confirmed that KYNA stimulated the UCP expression in HepG2 cells and mouse hepatocytes at mRNA and protein levels. Our study reveals that KYNA could potentially act as an anti-diabetic agent and KYNA-induced UCP upregulation is closely associated with the regulation of energy metabolism. These results provide further evidence for the therapeutic potential of KYNA in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Zhen
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lina Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bao Wang
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenyu Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bernard Portha
- Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptive), CNRS UMR 8251, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Junjun Liu
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Haghshenas R, Aftabi Y, Doaei S, Gholamalizadeh M. Synergistic effect of endurance training and nettle leaf extract on the IDO1-KYN-AHR pathway homeostasis and inhibiting of liver toxicity in rats with STZ-induced diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1071424. [PMID: 37305057 PMCID: PMC10251405 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1071424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes adversely affects a number of hepatic molecular pathways, including the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. KYN is produced by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). This study evaluated the effect of endurance training (EndTr) and nettle leaf extract (NLE) on the IDO1-KYN-AHR pathway in the livers of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Methods We divided 48 rats into six groups: controls (Ct), treated with EndTr (EndTr), diabetes-induced (D), D treated with NLE (D + NLE), D treated with EndTr (D + EnTr), and D treated with EndTr and NLE (D + EndTr + NLE). EndTr, D + EnTr, and D + EndTr + NLE groups were subjected to training with running on treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 days per week, 25 min in first session to 59 min at last session with intensity of 55% to 65% VO2max. Using real-time PCR gene (Ahr, Cyp1a1, and Ido1) expressions and ELISA, malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein (IDO1, AHR, and CYP1A1) levels were determined in the liver samples. Results A significant three-way interaction of exercise, nettle, and diabetes was observed on the all variables (P< 0.001). In particular, significant increases in blood glucose level (BGL), in gene and protein expression, and in MDA and KYN levels were observed in the liver samples of the D group versus the Ct group (P< 0.05). BGL and liver MDA levels were significantly lower in the D + EndTr and D + NLE groups than that in the D group. However, the D + EndTr + NLE group showed a more significant decrease in these factors (P< 0.05). In addition, liver KYN levels were significantly lower in the EndTr group compared with that in the Ct group as well as in the D + EndTr + NLE and D + EndTr groups compared with that in the D groups (P< 0.05). Whereas both the EndTr and D + NLE groups showed lower Ahr expression and AHR level compared with the Ct and D groups, respectively (P< 0.05), the D + EndTr + NLE group showed a higher significant reduction in the AHR level than the D group (P< 0.05). The Cyp1a1 expression and IDO1 level significantly decreased only in the D + EndTr + NLE group compared to that in the D group (P< 0.05). Conclusion Overall, this study showed that the combination of EndTr and NLE may synergistically restore the imbalanced IDO1-KYN-AHR pathway in diabetic liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouhollah Haghshenas
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saied Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Kynurenine Pathway in Diabetes Mellitus-Novel Pharmacological Target? Cells 2023; 12:cells12030460. [PMID: 36766803 PMCID: PMC9913876 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway (Trp-KYN) is the major route for tryptophan conversion in the brain and in the periphery. Kynurenines display a wide range of biological actions (which are often contrasting) such as cytotoxic/cytoprotective, oxidant/antioxidant or pro-/anti-inflammatory. The net effect depends on their local concentration, cellular environment, as well as a complex positive and negative feedback loops. The imbalance between beneficial and harmful kynurenines was implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders, psychiatric illnesses and metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Despite available therapies, DM may lead to serious macro- and microvascular complications including cardio- and cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic renal disease, diabetic retinopathy, autonomic neuropathy or cognitive impairment. It is well established that low-grade inflammation, which often coincides with DM, can affect the function of KP and, conversely, that kynurenines may modulate the immune response. This review provides a detailed summary of findings concerning the status of the Trp-KYN pathway in DM based on available animal, human and microbiome studies. We highlight the importance of the molecular interplay between the deranged (functionally and qualitatively) conversion of Trp to kynurenines in the development of DM and insulin resistance. The Trp-KYN pathway emerges as a novel target in the search for preventive and therapeutic interventions in DM.
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11
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Wang G, Xu J, Ma H, Mu Y, Xu W, Yan N, Liu W, Zheng D, Huang X, Li L. Phenolipid JE improves metabolic profile and inhibits gluconeogenesis via modulating AKT-mediated insulin signaling in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106569. [PMID: 36427798 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Phenolipids are characteristic phytochemicals of Syzygium genus. However, the antidiabetic potential and underlying molecular mechanism of these components are not fully elucidated. Herein, we studied the anti-diabetic effects of jambone E (JE), a phenolipid from S. cumini, with in vitro and in vivo models. Data from current study showed that JE enhanced glucose consumption and uptake, promoted glycogen synthesis, and suppressed gluconeogenesis in insulin resistant (IR)-HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes. JE also attenuated streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice. Eleven metabolites (e.g. trimethylamine n-oxide, 4-pyridoxic acid, phosphatidylinositol 39:4, phenaceturic acid, and hippuric acid) were identified as potential serum biomarkers for JE's antidiabetic effects by an untargeted metabolomics approach. The further molecular mechanistic study revealed that JE up-regulated phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, and forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), promoted nuclear exclusion of FoxO1 whilst decreased gene expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose 6-phosphatase in IR-HepG2 cells and T1D mice. Our data suggested that JE might be a potent activator for AKT-mediated insulin signaling pathway, which was confirmed by the usage of AKT inhibitor and AKT-target siRNA interference, as well as the cellular thermal shift assay. Findings from the current study shed light on the anti-diabetic effects of phenolipids in the Syzygium species, which supports the use of medicinal plants in the Syzygium genus for potential pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Jialin Xu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, PR China
| | - Hang Ma
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Yu Mu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Wen Xu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Na Yan
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Xueshi Huang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Liya Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
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12
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Yang H, Wang Z, Shi S, Yu Q, Liu M, Zhang Z. Identification of cerebrospinal fluid metabolites as biomarkers for neurobrucellosis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry approach. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6996-7010. [PMID: 35249459 PMCID: PMC8974019 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2037954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurobrucellosis is the most morbid form in brucellosis disease. Metabolomics is an emerging method which intends to explore the global alterations of various metabolites in samples. We aimed to identify metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as biomarkers that were potentially unique for neurobrucellosis. CSF samples from 25 neurobrucellosis patients and 25 normal controls (uninfected patients with hydrocephalus) were collected for metabolite detection using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approach. Inflammatory cytokines in CSF were measured with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The base peak chromatogram in CSF samples showed that small-molecule metabolites were well separated. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis exhibited the examined samples were arranged in two main clusters in accordance with their group. Projection to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) revealed there was a noticeable separation between neurobrucellosis and normal groups. Orthogonal Partial Least-Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) could responsibly illuminate the differences between neurobrucellosis and normal controls. Neurobrucellosis showed a total of 155 differentiated metabolites. Prominent potential biomarkers including 30 metabolites were then selected out, regarded as more capable of distinguishing neurobrucellosis. TNF-α and IL-6 in CSF were remarkably increased in neurobrucellosis. We presented the heatmaps and correlation analyses among the identified 30 potential biomarkers. In conclusion, this study showed that CSF metabolomics based on LC-MS could distinguish neurobrucellosis patients from normal controls. Our data offered perspectives for diagnosis and treatment for neurobrucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital & Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhenfei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital & Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shujun Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital & Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhelin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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13
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Kiluk M, Lewkowicz J, Pawlak D, Tankiewicz-Kwedlo A. Crosstalk between Tryptophan Metabolism via Kynurenine Pathway and Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Context of Cardio-Metabolic Risk-Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112484. [PMID: 34199713 PMCID: PMC8199979 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific interest in tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway (KP) has increased in the last decades. Describing its metabolites helped to increase their roles in many diseases and disturbances, many of a pro-inflammatory nature. It has become increasingly evident that KP can be considered an important part of emerging mediators of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MS), mostly stemming from chronic systemic low-grade inflammation resulting in the aggravation of cardiovascular complications. An electronic literature search of PubMed and Embase up to March 2021 was performed for papers reporting the effects of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), xanthurenic acid (XA), anthranilic acid (AA), and quinolinic acid (QA), focusing on their roles in carbohydrate metabolism and the cardiovascular system. In this review, we discussed the progress in tryptophan metabolism via KP research, focusing particular attention on the roles in carbohydrate metabolism and its complications in the cardiovascular system. We examined the association between KP and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D), diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We concluded that tryptophan metabolism via KP serves as a potential diagnostic tool in assessing cardiometabolic risk for patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kiluk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Janina Lewkowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Tankiewicz-Kwedlo
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-56-01
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14
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Alcazar O, Hernandez LF, Nakayasu ES, Nicora CD, Ansong C, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, Myer CJ, Bhattacharya SK, Buchwald P, Abdulreda MH. Parallel Multi-Omics in High-Risk Subjects for the Identification of Integrated Biomarker Signatures of Type 1 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:383. [PMID: 33806609 PMCID: PMC7999903 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers are crucial for detecting early type-1 diabetes (T1D) and preventing significant β-cell loss before the onset of clinical symptoms. Here, we present proof-of-concept studies to demonstrate the potential for identifying integrated biomarker signature(s) of T1D using parallel multi-omics. METHODS Blood from human subjects at high risk for T1D (and healthy controls; n = 4 + 4) was subjected to parallel unlabeled proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics. The integrated dataset was analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software for disturbances in the at-risk subjects compared to controls. RESULTS The final quadra-omics dataset contained 2292 proteins, 328 miRNAs, 75 metabolites, and 41 lipids that were detected in all samples without exception. Disease/function enrichment analyses consistently indicated increased activation, proliferation, and migration of CD4 T-lymphocytes and macrophages. Integrated molecular network predictions highlighted central involvement and activation of NF-κB, TGF-β, VEGF, arachidonic acid, and arginase, and inhibition of miRNA Let-7a-5p. IPA-predicted candidate biomarkers were used to construct a putative integrated signature containing several miRNAs and metabolite/lipid features in the at-risk subjects. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary parallel quadra-omics provided a comprehensive picture of disturbances in high-risk T1D subjects and highlighted the potential for identifying associated integrated biomarker signatures. With further development and validation in larger cohorts, parallel multi-omics could ultimately facilitate the classification of T1D progressors from non-progressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Alcazar
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (O.A.); (L.F.H.)
| | - Luis F. Hernandez
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (O.A.); (L.F.H.)
| | - Ernesto S. Nakayasu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; (E.S.N.); (C.D.N.); (C.A.)
| | - Carrie D. Nicora
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; (E.S.N.); (C.D.N.); (C.A.)
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; (E.S.N.); (C.D.N.); (C.A.)
| | - Michael J. Muehlbauer
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; (M.J.M.); (J.R.B.)
| | - James R. Bain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; (M.J.M.); (J.R.B.)
| | - Ciara J. Myer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.J.M.); (S.K.B.)
- Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.J.M.); (S.K.B.)
- Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (O.A.); (L.F.H.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Midhat H. Abdulreda
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (O.A.); (L.F.H.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.J.M.); (S.K.B.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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15
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Balzano-Nogueira L, Ramirez R, Zamkovaya T, Dailey J, Ardissone AN, Chamala S, Serrano-Quílez J, Rubio T, Haller MJ, Concannon P, Atkinson MA, Schatz DA, Triplett EW, Conesa A. Integrative analyses of TEDDY Omics data reveal lipid metabolism abnormalities, increased intracellular ROS and heightened inflammation prior to autoimmunity for type 1 diabetes. Genome Biol 2021; 22:39. [PMID: 33478573 PMCID: PMC7818777 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02262-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is a prospective birth cohort designed to study type 1 diabetes (T1D) by following children with high genetic risk. An integrative multi-omics approach was used to evaluate islet autoimmunity etiology, identify disease biomarkers, and understand progression over time. RESULTS We identify a multi-omics signature that was predictive of islet autoimmunity (IA) as early as 1 year before seroconversion. At this time, abnormalities in lipid metabolism, decreased capacity for nutrient absorption, and intracellular ROS accumulation are detected in children progressing towards IA. Additionally, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, cytotoxicity, angiogenesis, and increased activity of antigen-presenting cells are observed, which may contribute to beta cell destruction. Our results indicate that altered molecular homeostasis is present in IA-developing children months before the actual detection of islet autoantibodies, which opens an interesting window of opportunity for therapeutic intervention. CONCLUSIONS The approach employed herein for assessment of the TEDDY cohort showcases the utilization of multi-omics data for the modeling of complex, multifactorial diseases, like T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Balzano-Nogueira
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ricardo Ramirez
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Tatyana Zamkovaya
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Jordan Dailey
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Alexandria N Ardissone
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Srikar Chamala
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joan Serrano-Quílez
- Gene Expression and RNA Metabolism Laboratory, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Jaume Roig, 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Rubio
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Michael J Haller
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Patrick Concannon
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Desmond A Schatz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ana Conesa
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Amor AJ, Vinagre I, Valverde M, Urquizu X, Meler E, López E, Alonso N, Pané A, Giménez M, Codina L, Conget I, Barahona MJ, Perea V. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic analysis in the assessment of preclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes and preeclampsia. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 171:108548. [PMID: 33238177 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Evaluate the role of plasma metabolomics in atherosclerosis according to the presence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) or previous preeclampsia. METHODS We recruited 105 women without cardiovascular disease and last pregnancy ≥5 years previously, divided according to the presence of T1D or previous preeclampsia. Preclinical atherosclerosis was defined as the presence of carotid plaque (intima-media thickness ≥1.5 mm) assessed by ultrasonography. Metabolomics were evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Bivariate and multivariate-adjusted differences in NMR-metabolomics were evaluated. RESULTS The participants were 44.9 ± 8.1 years-old; 20% harbored plaques. There were significant differences in lipidic-, energetic- and nitrogen-related metabolites according to the presence of T1D/preeclampsia (p < 0.05). In multivariate-adjusted models (by age, statins, blood pressure and T1D/preeclampsia), only lipidomic-related metabolites were associated with atherosclerosis in the whole sample. However, stronger associations were observed in women with previous preeclampsia (vs. without; per 0.5 mmol/L increments); phosphatidylcholine, OR 4.08 (1.32-27.22); free cholesterol, 5.18 (1.22-21.97); saturated fatty acids, OR 2.99 (1.37-6.48); w-7, OR 2.29 (1.15-4.56); and w-9 fatty acids, OR 1.49 (1.00-2.23). CONCLUSIONS NMR-metabolomics showed a differential pattern according to the presence of T1D/preeclampsia in relation to preclinical atherosclerosis. Since most of these metabolites mirror lifestyle factors, they could help tailor dietetic advice in high-risk women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Amor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Irene Vinagre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Valverde
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Xavier Urquizu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Eva Meler
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva López
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Nuria Alonso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Adriana Pané
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marga Giménez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Codina
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Barahona
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain.
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Application of Differential Network Enrichment Analysis for Deciphering Metabolic Alterations. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10120479. [PMID: 33255384 PMCID: PMC7761243 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern analytical methods allow for the simultaneous detection of hundreds of metabolites, generating increasingly large and complex data sets. The analysis of metabolomics data is a multi-step process that involves data processing and normalization, followed by statistical analysis. One of the biggest challenges in metabolomics is linking alterations in metabolite levels to specific biological processes that are disrupted, contributing to the development of disease or reflecting the disease state. A common approach to accomplishing this goal involves pathway mapping and enrichment analysis, which assesses the relative importance of predefined metabolic pathways or other biological categories. However, traditional knowledge-based enrichment analysis has limitations when it comes to the analysis of metabolomics and lipidomics data. We present a Java-based, user-friendly bioinformatics tool named Filigree that provides a primarily data-driven alternative to the existing knowledge-based enrichment analysis methods. Filigree is based on our previously published differential network enrichment analysis (DNEA) methodology. To demonstrate the utility of the tool, we applied it to previously published studies analyzing the metabolome in the context of metabolic disorders (type 1 and 2 diabetes) and the maternal and infant lipidome during pregnancy.
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18
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Jain R, Özgümüş T, Jensen TM, du Plessis E, Keindl M, Møller CL, Falhammar H, Nyström T, Catrina SB, Jörneskog G, Jessen LE, Forsblom C, Haukka JK, Groop PH, Rossing P, Groop L, Eliasson M, Eliasson B, Brismar K, Al-Majdoub M, Nilsson PM, Taskinen MR, Ferrannini E, Spégel P, Berg TJ, Lyssenko V. Liver nucleotide biosynthesis is linked to protection from vascular complications in individuals with long-term type 1 diabetes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11561. [PMID: 32665614 PMCID: PMC7360755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of biomarkers associated with protection from developing diabetic complications is a prerequisite for an effective prevention and treatment. The aim of the present study was to identify clinical and plasma metabolite markers associated with freedom from vascular complications in people with very long duration of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Individuals with T1D, who despite having longer than 30 years of diabetes duration never developed major macro- or microvascular complications (non-progressors; NP) were compared with those who developed vascular complications within 25 years from diabetes onset (rapid progressors; RP) in the Scandinavian PROLONG (n = 385) and DIALONG (n = 71) cohorts. The DIALONG study also included 75 healthy controls. Plasma metabolites were measured using gas and/or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Lower hepatic fatty liver indices were significant common feature characterized NPs in both studies. Higher insulin sensitivity and residual ß-cell function (C-peptide) were also associated with NPs in PROLONG. Protection from diabetic complications was associated with lower levels of the glycolytic metabolite pyruvate and APOCIII in PROLONG, and with lower levels of thiamine monophosphate and erythritol, a cofactor and intermediate product in the pentose phosphate pathway as well as higher phenylalanine, glycine and serine in DIALONG. Furthermore, T1D individuals showed elevated levels of picolinic acid as compared to the healthy individuals. The present findings suggest a potential beneficial shunting of glycolytic substrates towards the pentose phosphate and one carbon metabolism pathways to promote nucleotide biosynthesis in the liver. These processes might be linked to higher insulin sensitivity and lower liver fat content, and might represent a mechanism for protection from vascular complications in individuals with long-term T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Jain
- Department of Clinical Science/Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Türküler Özgümüş
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, 5032, Bergen, Norway
| | - Troels Mygind Jensen
- Research Unit for General Practice, Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Elsa du Plessis
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, 5032, Bergen, Norway
| | - Magdalena Keindl
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, 5032, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Henrik Falhammar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Division of Internal Medicine, Unit for Diabetes Research, Karolinska Institute, South Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Diabetes, Academica Specialist Centrum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gun Jörneskog
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leon Eyrich Jessen
- Department of Health Technology, Section for Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jani K Haukka
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Science/Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mats Eliasson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn Eliasson
- Department of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mahmoud Al-Majdoub
- Department of Clinical Science/Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Science/Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marja-Riitta Taskinen
- Research Program Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Peter Spégel
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tore Julsrud Berg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Science/Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, 5032, Bergen, Norway.
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19
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Wang H, Lu CH, Ho PC. Metabolic adaptation orchestrates tissue context-dependent behavior in regulatory T cells. Immunol Rev 2020; 295:126-139. [PMID: 32147869 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The diverse distribution and functions of regulatory T cells (Tregs) ensure tissue and immune homeostasis; however, it remains unclear which factors can guide distribution, local differentiation, and tissue context-specific behavior in Tregs. Although the emerging concept that Tregs could re-adjust their transcriptome based on their habitations is supported by recent findings, the underlying mechanisms that reprogram transcriptome in Tregs are unknown. In the past decade, metabolic machineries have been revealed as a new regulatory circuit, known as immunometabolic regulation, to orchestrate activation, differentiation, and functions in a variety of immune cells, including Tregs. Given that systemic and local alterations of nutrient availability and metabolite profile associate with perturbation of Treg abundance and functions, it highlights that immunometabolic regulation may be one of the mechanisms that orchestrate tissue context-specific regulation in Tregs. The understanding on how metabolic program instructs Tregs in peripheral tissues not only represents a critical opportunity to delineate a new avenue in Treg biology but also provides a unique window to harness Treg-targeting approaches for treating cancer and autoimmunity with minimizing side effects. This review will highlight the metabolic features on guiding Treg formation and function in a disease-oriented perspective and aim to pave the foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Wang
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Chun-Hao Lu
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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20
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Wang X, Gu H, Palma-Duran SA, Fierro A, Jasbi P, Shi X, Bresette W, Tasevska N. Influence of Storage Conditions and Preservatives on Metabolite Fingerprints in Urine. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100203. [PMID: 31569767 PMCID: PMC6836253 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human urine, which is rich in metabolites, provides valuable approaches for biomarker measurement. Maintaining the stability of metabolites in urine is critical for accurate and reliable research results and subsequent interpretation. In this study, the effect of storage temperature (4, 22, and 40 °C), storage time (24 and 48 h), and use of preservatives (boric acid (BA), thymol) and para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) on urinary metabolites in the pooled urine samples from 20 participants was systematically investigated using large-scale targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics. Statistical analysis of 158 reliably detected metabolites showed that metabolites in urine with no preservative remained stable at 4 °C for 24 and 48 h as well as at 22 °C for 24 h, but significant metabolite differences were observed in urine stored at 22 °C for 48 h and at 40 °C. The mere addition of BA caused metabolite changes. Thymol was observed to be effective in maintaining metabolite stability in urine in all the conditions designed, most likely due to the inhibitory effect of thymol on urine microbiota. Our results provide valuable urine preservation guidance during sample storage, which is essential for obtaining reliable, accurate, and reproducible analytical results from urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Haiwei Gu
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | | | - Andres Fierro
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Paniz Jasbi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Xiaojian Shi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - William Bresette
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Natasha Tasevska
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
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21
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Arneth B, Arneth R, Shams M. Metabolomics of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102467. [PMID: 31109071 PMCID: PMC6566263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are chronic diseases that affect nearly 425 million people worldwide, leading to poor health outcomes and high health care costs. High-throughput metabolomics screening can provide vital insight into the pathophysiological pathways of DM and help in managing its effects. The primary aim of this study was to contribute to the understanding and management of DM by providing reliable evidence of the relationships between metabolites and type 1 diabetes (T1D) and metabolites and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Information for the study was obtained from the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases, and leads to additional articles that were obtained from the reference lists of the studies examined. The results from the selected studies were used to assess the relationships between diabetes (T1D and/or T2D) and metabolite markers—such as glutamine, glycine, and aromatic amino acids—in patients. Seventy studies were selected from the three databases and from the reference lists in the records retrieved. All studies explored associations between various metabolites and T1D or T2D. This review identified several plasma metabolites associated with T2D prediabetes and/or T1D and/or T2D in humans. The evidence shows that metabolites such as glucose, fructose, amino acids, and lipids are typically altered in individuals with T1D and T2D. These metabolites exhibit significant predictive associations with T2D prediabetes, T1D, and/or T2D. The current review suggests that changes in plasma metabolites can be identified by metabolomic techniques and used to identify and analyze T1D and T2D biomarkers. The results of the metabolomic studies can be used to help create effective interventions for managing these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borros Arneth
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Hospital of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Feulgenstr. 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Rebekka Arneth
- Clinics for Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg UKGM, Justus Liebig University. Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Mohamed Shams
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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22
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Stocchero M, Locci E, d'Aloja E, Nioi M, Baraldi E, Giordano G. PLS2 in Metabolomics. Metabolites 2019; 9:E51. [PMID: 30884746 PMCID: PMC6468483 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is the systematic study of the small-molecule profiles of biological samples produced by specific cellular processes. The high-throughput technologies used in metabolomic investigations generate datasets where variables are strongly correlated and redundancy is present in the data. Discovering the hidden information is a challenge, and suitable approaches for data analysis must be employed. Projection to latent structures regression (PLS) has successfully solved a large number of problems, from multivariate calibration to classification, becoming a basic tool of metabolomics. PLS2 is the most used implementation of PLS. Despite its success, PLS2 showed some limitations when the so called 'structured noise' affects the data. Suitable methods have been recently introduced to patch up these limitations. In this study, a comprehensive and up-to-date presentation of PLS2 focused on metabolomics is provided. After a brief discussion of the mathematical framework of PLS2, the post-transformation procedure is introduced as a basic tool for model interpretation. Orthogonally-constrained PLS2 is presented as strategy to include constraints in the model according to the experimental design. Two experimental datasets are investigated to show how PLS2 and its improvements work in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Stocchero
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova (PD), Italy.
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova (PD), Italy.
| | - Emanuela Locci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
| | - Ernesto d'Aloja
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
| | - Matteo Nioi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
| | - Eugenio Baraldi
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova (PD), Italy.
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova (PD), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Giordano
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova (PD), Italy.
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova (PD), Italy.
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23
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Probiotics and Prebiotics for the Amelioration of Type 1 Diabetes: Present and Future Perspectives. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7030067. [PMID: 30832381 PMCID: PMC6463158 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1-diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta (β)-cells. Genetic and environmental interactions play an important role in immune system malfunction by priming an aggressive adaptive immune response against β-cells. The microbes inhabiting the human intestine closely interact with the enteric mucosal immune system. Gut microbiota colonization and immune system maturation occur in parallel during early years of life; hence, perturbations in the gut microbiota can impair the functions of immune cells and vice-versa. Abnormal gut microbiota perturbations (dysbiosis) are often detected in T1D subjects, particularly those diagnosed as multiple-autoantibody-positive as a result of an aggressive and adverse immunoresponse. The pathogenesis of T1D involves activation of self-reactive T-cells, resulting in the destruction of β-cells by CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes. It is also becoming clear that gut microbes interact closely with T-cells. The amelioration of gut dysbiosis using specific probiotics and prebiotics has been found to be associated with decline in the autoimmune response (with diminished inflammation) and gut integrity (through increased expression of tight-junction proteins in the intestinal epithelium). This review discusses the potential interactions between gut microbiota and immune mechanisms that are involved in the progression of T1D and contemplates the potential effects and prospects of gut microbiota modulators, including probiotic and prebiotic interventions, in the amelioration of T1D pathology, in both human and animal models.
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24
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Teixeira LD, Kling DN, Lorca GL, Gonzalez CF. Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 diminishes caspase-1 maturation in the gastrointestinal system of diabetes prone rats. Benef Microbes 2018; 9:527-539. [PMID: 29633641 DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium are the first to contact the microbiota and food components. As a direct consequence of this, these cells are the first line of defence and key players in priming the immune response. One of the first responses against GI insults is the formation of the inflammasome, a multiprotein complex assembled in response to environmental threats. The formation of the inflammasome regulates caspase-1 by cleaving it into its active form. Once activated, caspase-1 can cleave interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which promotes adaptive and humoral immunity. Some strains, like Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2, are able to modulate the biosynthesis of important host metabolites mediating inflammation. Of these metabolites are the pro-inflammatory kynurenines. L. johnsonii N6.2 is able to downregulate kynurenines biosynthesis via a redox active mechanism negatively affecting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of L. johnsonii N6.2 combined with the natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule rosmarinic acid (RA). Inflammasome assembly and the kynurenine pathway were evaluated in GI samples of BioBreeding diabetes-prone (BB-DP) rats. In this work, BB-DP rats were fed daily with RA, L. johnsonii N6.2; or both combined. The transcriptional rate and proteins levels of inflammasome and kynurenine pathway components in ileum tissue were evaluated. Elevated levels of pro-caspase-1 were observed in rats fed with L. johnsonii, while RA had no effect on pro-caspase-1 expression. Western blot assays demonstrated that L. johnsonii fed rats showed lower levels of mature caspase-1, when compared to the other treatments. Furthermore, IL-1β maturation followed a similar pattern across the treatments. Differences were also observed between treatments in expression levels of key enzymes in the kynurenine pathway. These findings support the role of L. johnsonii in modulating the assembly of the inflammasome as well as some steps of the pro-inflammatory kynurenine pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Teixeira
- 1 Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry road, Rm307, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - D N Kling
- 1 Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry road, Rm307, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - G L Lorca
- 1 Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry road, Rm307, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - C F Gonzalez
- 1 Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry road, Rm307, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
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25
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Hu P, Hunt NH, Arfuso F, Shaw LC, Uddin MN, Zhu M, Devasahayam R, Adamson SJ, Benson VL, Chan-Ling T, Grant MB. Increased Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Quinolinic Acid Expression in Microglia and Müller Cells of Diabetic Human and Rodent Retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:5043-5055. [PMID: 28980000 PMCID: PMC5633007 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-21654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the relationship between inflammation, neuronal loss, and expression of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) in the retina of subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in the retina of rats with T1D. Methods Retinas from T1D (n = 7), T2D (n = 13), and 20 age-matched nondiabetic human donors and from T1D (n = 3) and control rats (n = 3) were examined using immunohistochemistry for IDO, QUIN, cluster of differentiation 39 (CD39), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (Iba-1, for macrophages and microglia), Vimentin (VIM; for Müller cells), neuronal nuclei (NeuN; for neurons), and UEA1 lectin (for blood vessels). Results Based on morphologic criteria, CD39+/ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba-1+) resident microglia and CD39−/Iba-1+ bone marrow–derived macrophages were present at higher density in T1D (13% increase) and T2D (26% increase) human retinas when compared with controls. The density and brightness of IDO+ microglia were increased in both T1D and T2D human retinas. The intensity of QUIN+ expression on CD39+ microglia and VIM+ Müller cells was greatly increased in both human T1D and T2D retinas. T1D retinas showed a 63% loss of NeuN+ neurons and T2D retinas lost approximately 43% when compared with nondiabetic human retinas. Few QUIN+ microglia-like cells were seen in nondiabetic retinas, but the numbers increased 18-fold in T1D and 7-fold in T2D in the central retina. In T1D rat retinas, the density of IDO+ microglia increased 2.8-fold and brightness increased 2.1-fold when compared with controls. Conclusions Our findings suggest that IDO and QUIN expression in the retinas of diabetic rats and humans could contribute to the neuronal degeneration that is characteristic of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, the Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Nicholas H Hunt
- Department of Pathology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Stem Cell & Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lynn C Shaw
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Mohammad Nasir Uddin
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meidong Zhu
- Lions New South Wales Eye Bank, New South Wales Organ and Tissue Donation Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Raj Devasahayam
- Lions New South Wales Eye Bank, New South Wales Organ and Tissue Donation Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samuel J Adamson
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vicky L Benson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tailoi Chan-Ling
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.,Univeristy of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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26
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Buchwald P, Tamayo-Garcia A, Ramamoorthy S, Garcia-Contreras M, Mendez AJ, Ricordi C. Comprehensive Metabolomics Study To Assess Longitudinal Biochemical Changes and Potential Early Biomarkers in Nonobese Diabetic Mice That Progress to Diabetes. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3873-3890. [PMID: 28799767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A global nontargeted longitudinal metabolomics study was carried out in male and female NOD mice to characterize the time-profile of the changes in the metabolic signature caused by onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and identify possible early biomarkers in T1D progressors. Metabolomics profiling of samples collected at five different time-points identified 676 and 706 biochemicals in blood and feces, respectively. Several metabolites were expressed at significantly different levels in progressors at all time-points, and their proportion increased strongly following onset of hyperglycemia. At the last time-point, when all progressors were diabetic, a large percentage of metabolites had significantly different levels: 57.8% in blood and 27.8% in feces. Metabolic pathways most strongly affected included the carbohydrate, lipid, branched-chain amino acid, and oxidative ones. Several biochemicals showed considerable (>4×) change. Maltose, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and kojibiose increased, while 1,5-anhydroglucitol decreased more than 10-fold. At the earliest time-point (6-week), differences between the metabolic signatures of progressors and nonprogressors were relatively modest. Nevertheless, several compounds had significantly different levels and show promise as possible early T1D biomarkers. They include fatty acid phosphocholine derivatives from the phosphatidylcholine subpathway (elevated in both blood and feces) as well as serotonin, ribose, and arabinose (increased) in blood plus 13-HODE, tocopherol (increased), diaminopimelate, valerate, hydroxymethylpyrimidine, and dulcitol (decreased) in feces. A combined metabolic signature based on these compounds might serve as an early predictor of T1D-progressors.
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