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Peterson C, Bitterfeld L. Modification and scoring of a transition tool to understand transition readiness among pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Pediatr Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s00467-024-06497-0. [PMID: 39240281 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A successful transition from pediatric to adult healthcare for adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients is essential for maintaining graft and overall health. Readiness for transition is multifactorial and can be challenging to assess. The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a scoring system for a transition readiness assessment for pediatric kidney transplant recipients and assess overall and domain-specific readiness for transition. METHODS This is an observational study of adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients over 5 years who were given either the modified Middle (MTRC-m) or modified Late Transition Readiness Checklist (LTRC-m) during post-transplant clinic visits. We developed a scoring system for both checklists and assessed their reliability. RESULTS The MTRC-m (38 items) demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.84). The LTRC-m (43 items) demonstrated excellent reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.90). On both the MTRC-m and LTRC-m, patients scored highest on adherence and risky behavior knowledge. Scores were lowest in the "Managing my healthcare needs (self-advocacy)" and "How I feel about myself" domains. CONCLUSIONS A scored transition assessment allows for rapid appraisal of transition readiness within a clinic setting. We find that participants report high levels of knowledge regarding health-seeking behaviors and risky behaviors, endorse less readiness for managing their care independently, and express a moderate to high degree of worry about their future and their health. While transition programs have traditionally, and necessarily, focused on education, our results demonstrate that programs should expand to also focus on behavior performance and emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Peterson
- Intermountain Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Children's Specialty Group, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Leandra Bitterfeld
- Intermountain Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- School of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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2
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Vittorio J, Kosmach-Park B, Wadhwani S, Jackson W, Kerkar N, Corbo H, Vekaria P, Gupta N, Yeh H, King LY. Adult provider role in transition of care for young adult pediatric recipients of liver transplant: An expert position statement. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0486. [PMID: 39023314 PMCID: PMC11262821 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Health care transition (HCT) is the process of changing from a pediatric to an adult model of care. Young adult pediatric recipients of liver transplant transferring from pediatric to adult health care services are highly vulnerable and subject to poor long-term outcomes. Barriers to successful transition are multifaceted. A comprehensive HCT program should be initiated early in pediatrics and continued throughout young adulthood, even after transfer of care has been completed. It is critical that pediatric and adult liver transplant providers establish a partnership to optimize care for these patients. Adult providers must recognize the importance of HCT and the need to continue the transition process following transfer. While this continued focus on HCT is essential, current literature has primarily offered guidance for pediatric providers. This position paper outlines a framework with a sample set of tools for the implementation of a standardized, multidisciplinary approach to HCT for adult transplant providers utilizing "The Six Core Elements of HCT." To implement more effective strategies and work to improve long-term outcomes for young adult patients undergoing liver transplant, HCT must be mandated as a routine part of posttransplant care. Increased advocacy efforts with the additional backing and support of governing organizations are required to help facilitate these practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Vittorio
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University (NYU) Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Beverly Kosmach-Park
- Department of Transplant Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sharad Wadhwani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Whitney Jackson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nanda Kerkar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Heather Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pooja Vekaria
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nitika Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Heidi Yeh
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lindsay Y. King
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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3
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Piotrowski CC, Strong J, Giesbrecht A, Goldberg A, Kudar K, Pappas K, Rempel G. Coping With COVID-19: Perspectives of Caregivers of Children and Young People With Chronic Kidney Disease. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14823. [PMID: 39030950 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers of children and young people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face challenging circumstances on a daily basis; however, the difficulties they experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as potentially positive experiences, are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to explore the pandemic-related experiences of these caregivers. METHODS Twelve caregivers were recruited from a hospital-based pediatric renal program; eight families were posttransplant. Caregivers participated in virtual semistructured interviews conducted between March 2021 and November 2022. They provided responses to open-ended questions concerning how the pandemic affected their child with CKD, their family, and themselves. Interviews were transcribed and coded using thematic analysis. RESULTS Four main themes were identified: (1) Family Life, which included disruptions in routine, reduced social supports, and changes in the quality of family relationships; (2) Mental Health and Coping, which included increased anxiety and positive coping strategies; (3) Work and School Life, which included changes to work and school; and (4) Health and Health Care Systems, which included virtual health care and public health restrictions. CONCLUSIONS Despite facing profound challenges, caregivers identified both positive and negative aspects of their pandemic experiences. Their coping strategies highlighted individual and family resilience characteristics. Implications for health care providers, including future pandemic planning, support for the transition from in-person to virtual care, and strategies to better address barriers to resources for families of children with chronic kidney disease were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C Piotrowski
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Julie Strong
- HSC Children's Hospital of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Aviva Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kira Kudar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Katerina Pappas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gina Rempel
- Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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4
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Vittorio J, Kosmach-Park B, King L. The Crucial Role of Empowerment in Engaging Adolescents and Young Adults for Independence: Essential Strategies and Skills for a Successful Transition. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14826. [PMID: 39054875 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of pediatric solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are surviving into adolescence and young adulthood. The transition from pediatric to adult-oriented care occurs during a unique and vulnerable period. METHODS Presented here is a structured approach to healthcare transition (HCT) for adolescent and young adult SOT recipients aimed at optimizing independence in order to assist young patients with adherence, self-management, and improved quality of life. RESULTS Close attention must be paid to neurocognitive development, mental well-being, and social determinants of health. CONCLUSIONS These efforts require a multidisciplinary team approach as well as collaboration between pediatric and adult providers in order to achieve these goals and patient longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Vittorio
- New York University (NYU) Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Beverly Kosmach-Park
- Department of Transplant Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindsay King
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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5
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House TR, Marks SD, Freeman MA. Holistic care and symptom management for pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:1759-1769. [PMID: 37851087 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
While many aspects of life may improve substantially for children and young people undergoing kidney transplant, there may be new challenges including symptoms that can be detrimental to health-related quality of life. Addressing symptoms requires attention to patient and family perspectives and a holistic approach grounded in symptom management. The interdisciplinary pediatric nephrology transplant team should be attuned to the prevalence of common symptoms including fatigue, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, pain, and sleep disturbances, as well as poor body image and sexual health. These common symptoms require regular assessment with a focus on appropriate interventions and how care may be impacted by transplant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor R House
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Stephen D Marks
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Michael A Freeman
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Departments of Pediatrics and Humanities, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, 90 Hope Drive, PO Box 855, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA.
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Spence CM, Foshaug R, Rowland S, Krysler A, Conway J, Urschel S, West L, Stickland M, Boulanger P, Spence JC, Khoury M. Evaluating a Telemedicine Video Game-Linked High-Intensity Interval Training Exercise Programme in Paediatric Heart Transplant Recipients. CJC PEDIATRIC AND CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 2023; 2:198-205. [PMID: 37969861 PMCID: PMC10642108 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjcpc.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Paediatric heart transplant recipients (HTRs) have reduced exercise capacity, physical activity (PA), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and self-efficacy towards PA. Exercise interventions have demonstrated improvements in exercise capacity and functional status in adult HTRs, with a specific emerging interest in the role of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Studies of exercise interventions in paediatric HTRs have been limited and nonrandomized to date. HIIT has not yet been evaluated in paediatric HTRs. We thus seek to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a randomized crossover trial of a 12-week, home-based, video game-linked HIIT intervention using a cycle ergometer with telemedicine and remote physiological monitoring capabilities (MedBIKE) in paediatric HTRs. The secondary objective is to evaluate the impact of the intervention on (1) exercise capacity, (2) PA, (3) HRQoL and self-efficacy towards PA, and (4) sustained changes in secondary outcomes at 6 and 12 months after intervention. After a baseline assessment of the secondary outcomes, participants will be randomized to receive the MedBIKE intervention (12 weeks, 36 sessions) or usual care. After the intervention and a repeated assessment, all participants will cross over. Follow-up assessments will be administered at 6 and 12 months after the MedBIKE intervention. We anticipate that the MedBIKE intervention will be feasible and safely yield sustained improvements in exercise capacity, PA, HRQoL, and self-efficacy towards PA in paediatric HTRs. This study will serve as the foundation for a larger, multicentre randomized crossover trial and will help inform exercise rehabilitation programmes for paediatric HTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Spence
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rae Foshaug
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samira Rowland
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amanda Krysler
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer Conway
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simon Urschel
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lori West
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Stickland
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pierre Boulanger
- Department of Computing Science, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John C. Spence
- Sedentary Living Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Khoury
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Laliberté Durish C, Lin J, Pol SJ, Damer A, Anthony SJ, Wray J, Gold A. Quality of life and psychosocial outcomes of adults who were pediatric solid organ transplant recipients: A systematic review. Pediatr Transplant 2022; 27:e14448. [PMID: 36510449 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of pediatric SOT recipients surviving into adulthood is increasing. Thus, understanding their psychosocial and QoL outcomes is important. We conducted a systematic review to collate existing literature examining QoL outcomes (physical functioning, psychological functioning, social functioning), as well as risk and protective factors associated with QoL, among adults who underwent SOT during childhood. METHODS A systematic search of five databases, from inception to January 6, 2021, was conducted to identify articles that reported on QoL outcomes for adults (≥18-year of age) who received a SOT during childhood (<19-year of age). RESULTS Twenty-five articles met inclusion criteria. Studies examined QoL across a range of SOT populations (liver, kidney, heart). QoL and psychosocial outcomes were variable; however, the majority of studies indicated QoL in this population to be similar to the general population, or at least similar to other chronic illness groups, with the exception of physical and social functioning. Factors related to a more optimal medical course, younger age at transplant and follow-up, and positive psychosocial functioning, were found to be predictive of better QoL outcomes. CONCLUSIONS While several studies indicated QoL to be similar to the general population, the literature is limited in both quantity and quality. No study employed prospective, longitudinal methodologies to systematically evaluate QoL over time and few studies utilized normative-based measures of QoL. Furthermore, several SOT groups were under-represented in the literature (e.g., lung, intestine, multi-visceral). Nonetheless, findings have implications for intervention and clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia Lin
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences (CHES), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah J Pol
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences (CHES), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alameen Damer
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences (CHES), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha J Anthony
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences (CHES), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jo Wray
- Heart and Lung Directorate, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anna Gold
- The Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Nash RP, Loiselle MM, Stahl JL, Conklin JL, Rose TL, Hutto A, Evon DM, Flythe JE, Burker EJ. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Growth following Kidney Transplantation. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:1590-1598. [PMID: 36245667 PMCID: PMC9528379 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0008152021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Kidney transplantation (KT) is a life-saving therapy for kidney failure. However, KT recipients can suffer from debilitating depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicide. In contrast to PTSD, post-traumatic growth (PTG) is a positive psychologic change in response to a challenging situation. PTG has been studied in other chronic diseases, but less is known about its role in the setting of KT. We sought to elucidate the prevalence, predictors, and the effect of PTSD and PTG on post-KT outcomes. We also considered the roles of benefit finding and resilience. Methods In a literature review, we identified publications that examined PTSD, PTG, benefit finding, and/or resilience in KT recipients. We excluded case reports and first-person narratives. Publications meeting the specified criteria after full text review underwent data abstraction and descriptive analysis. Results Of the 1013 unique citations identified, 39 publications met our criteria. PTSD was the most common construct evaluated (16 publications). Resilience was studied in 11 publications, PTG in nine, and benefit finding in five. Up to 21% of adult and 42% of pediatric KT recipients may experience PTSD, which is associated with lower quality of life (QOL), impaired sleep, and other psychiatric comorbidity. PTG was associated with improved QOL, kidney function, and reduced risk of organ rejection. Although benefit finding tended to increase post KT, resilience remained stable post KT. Like PTG, resilience was associated with lower psychologic distress and increased treatment adherence and confidence in the health care team. Conclusions PTG, resilience, and benefit finding appear to reduce the risk of PTSD, promote well-being, and reduce risk of graft failure in KT recipients. Future research to understand these relationships better will allow clinicians and researchers to develop interventions to promote PTG, resilience, and benefit finding, and potentially improve post-transplant outcomes such as adherence and reducing risk of organ rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah P. Nash
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Marci M. Loiselle
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jessica L. Stahl
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jamie L. Conklin
- Health Science Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Terra L. Rose
- Division of Clinical Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alissa Hutto
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Donna M. Evon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer E. Flythe
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Kidney Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eileen J. Burker
- Division of Clinical Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Düken ME, Zengin M, Yayan EH. The effect of perceived social support on the psychosocial status of parents whose child had liver transplantation. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 66:e130-e136. [PMID: 35527086 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe parental psychosocial outcomes following paediatric liver transplantation and the relationship between parental psychosocial outcomes and social support. METHOD This is a correlational, descriptive study conducted between April 2021 and October 2021 in the paediatric hepatology polyclinics of the liver transplantation institute of a university hospital. The SPSS 25 and AMOS 23 package programmes were used to perform data analyses. RESULTS Data analysis revealed that the parents' social support level was low (44.6 ± 14.8), while their levels of trait anxiety (51.5 ± 4.8) and loneliness (48.5 ± 5.4) were high, and their depression level was moderate (26.4 ± 5.8). Established structural equation modelling demonstrated that the social support parents received had a significant effect on their levels of loneliness (β = -0.88; p < 0.001), trait anxiety (β = -0.37; p < 0.001), and depression (β = -0.44; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The authors conclude that in parents of children who have had a liver transplant, increased levels of perceived social support result in decreased levels of anxiety, loneliness, and depression. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The authors recommend that healthcare professionals can contribute to reducing the anxiety, loneliness and depression in parents of paediatric liver transplant recipients by strengthening their social support systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Düken
- Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Mürşide Zengin
- Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey.
| | - Emriye Hilal Yayan
- Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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10
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Duncan-Park S, Danziger-Isakov L, Armstrong B, Williams N, Odim J, Shemesh E, Sweet S, Annunziato R. Posttraumatic stress and medication adherence in pediatric transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:937-946. [PMID: 34837457 PMCID: PMC8897237 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent transplant recipients may encounter a range of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) pre- and posttransplant, yet little is known about the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and medication adherence in this population. In the present study, adolescent recipients and caregivers completed psychosocial questionnaires at enrollment. Outpatient tacrolimus trough level data were collected over 1 year to calculate the Medication Level Variability Index (MLVI), a measure of medication adherence. Nonadherence (MLVI ≥2) was identified in 34.8% of patients, and most (80.7%) reported ≥1 PTE exposure. Levels of PTSS indicating likely posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were endorsed by 9.2% of patients and 43.7% of caregivers. PTSS and MLVI were significantly correlated in the liver subgroup (r = .30, p = .04). Hierarchical multivariable linear regression analyses revealed overall patient PTSS were significantly associated with QoL (p < .001). PTEs are common in adolescent recipients; a minority may meet criteria for PTSD. PTSS screening to identify nonadherence risk requires further investigation and addressing PTSS may improve QoL. Caregivers appear at greater risk for PTSD and may require their own supports. The study was approved by each participating center's Institutional Review Board.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duncan-Park
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY
- Fordham University, Bronx, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rachel Annunziato
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY
- Fordham University, Bronx, NY
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11
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Stolz MG, Rea KE, Cushman GK, Quast LF, Gutierrez-Colina AM, Eaton C, Blount RL. Associations between executive functioning, personality, and posttraumatic stress symptoms in adolescent solid organ transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2022; 26:e14176. [PMID: 34723407 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric solid organ transplant recipients are susceptible to posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), given the presence of a life-threatening chronic medical condition and potential for complications. However, little is known about what individual characteristics are associated with an increased risk for PTSS among youth who received an organ transplant. The aim of the current study was to evaluate PTSS and its associations with executive functioning (EF) and personality (i.e., neuroticism and conscientiousness) among adolescents with solid organ transplants. METHODS Fifty-three adolescents (Mage = 16.40, SD = 1.60) with a kidney, heart, or liver transplant completed self-report measures of PTSS and personality, whereas caregivers completed a caregiver-proxy report of adolescent EF. RESULTS Twenty-two percent of adolescent transplant recipients reported clinically significant levels of PTSS. Higher EF difficulties and neuroticism levels, and lower conscientiousness levels were significantly associated with higher PTSS (rs -.34 to .64). Simple slope analyses revealed that adolescents with both high EF impairment and high levels of neuroticism demonstrated the highest PTSS (t = 3.47; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Most adolescent transplant recipients in the present study did not report clinically significant levels of PTSS; however, those with high neuroticism and greater EF difficulties may be particularly vulnerable to PTSS following organ transplantation. Following transplantation, medical providers should assess for PTSS and risk factors for developing PTSS. Identification of those at risk for PTSS is critical, given the strong associations between PTSS and certain medical outcomes (e.g., medication nonadherence) among these youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gray Stolz
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Kelly E Rea
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Grace K Cushman
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Lauren F Quast
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Cyd Eaton
- The John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald L Blount
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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12
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A scoping review of the experiences and well-being of siblings of children with chronic kidney disease: implications for practice and research. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:3019-3029. [PMID: 35507144 PMCID: PMC9066131 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their families deal with challenging circumstances. While numerous studies have shown that both patients and parents in these families can experience a variety of challenges and concerns, the experience of siblings is less well understood. The focus of this scoping review was on research addressing the experiences and well-being of siblings of children with CKD. METHODS Following scoping review methodology, five databases were searched for peer-reviewed research or graduate theses published in English that addressed the experience or well-being of siblings aged 25 years or younger (biological, step or foster) of children with CKD; studies from any year or location were included. Two independent coders identified relevant studies. Findings were summarized and synthesized. RESULTS Of the 2990 studies identified, 19 were chosen for full text review and eight fit the inclusion criteria. Five of the selected studies were qualitative, two were quantitative and one used mixed-methods. Four broad themes across studies were identified including family functioning, significant relationships, psychological well-being, and coping strategies. While there was some convergence between qualitative and quantitative findings, these linkages were weak. CONCLUSIONS Several unmet needs of siblings were uncovered by this review. Sibling perceptions of differential parental treatment and desire for information about CKD emerged as priorities for practice. Using a strength-based approach in order to better understand sibling experiences and well-being was also recommended for future research. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Triplett KN, Mayersohn GS, Masood SS, Pickwith K, Mbroh H, Killian M. Posttraumatic Growth in Youth, Young Adults, and Caregivers Who Experienced Solid Organ Transplant. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 47:965-977. [PMID: 34957509 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore posttraumatic growth (PTG) in pediatric patients who have undergone solid organ transplant (SOT) and their caregivers, and to examine potential correlates of PTG. METHOD Youth and young adults with a history of SOT (heart, kidney, liver) at least 1 month prior to participation and caregivers completed measures of PTG, demographic, and medical factors. In total, 59 youth (M = 12.68 years, SD = 1.91), 21 young adults (M = 19.37, SD = 0.82), and 95 caregivers (M = 37.95 years, SD = 9.37) participated. RESULTS Overall, 67% of youth, 76% of young adults, and 89% of caregivers reported PTG within the medium to very high range. Appreciation of Life was the highest PTG subscale across all groups. Youth and caregiver PTG scores were significantly positively correlated. Religious affiliation and religious coping were positively associated with PTG for caregivers, and the relationship yielded large effect sizes for young adults. Caregivers of children with kidney transplants endorsed lower PTG than other organ types and caregivers of children who had an acute medical condition endorsed greater PTG than caregivers of children who had chronic illness. CONCLUSION Findings suggest the pediatric SOT experience can yield positive changes such as a greater appreciation of life. Although small sample sizes may have led to reduced power for detecting significant findings for some analyses, results suggest religious, medical, and parent-child relationship factors are likely related to PTG in pediatric SOT and warrant future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli N Triplett
- Department of Solid Organ Transplant, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gillian S Mayersohn
- Department of Psychology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Saba S Masood
- Department of Solid Organ Transplant, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kristine Pickwith
- Department of Solid Organ Transplant, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hayden Mbroh
- Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Killian
- College of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Villegas L, Amaral S. Patient-Reported Outcomes in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease. Semin Nephrol 2021; 41:476-484. [PMID: 34916009 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are quantitative assessments of a patient's perspective on their health and are derived directly from the patient, as opposed to clinician interpretation. PROs can serve as unique tools to improve health care providers' understanding of the patient's daily lived experience and highlight salient domains that are specific to children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). As such, PROs fill an important gap in achieving optimal health and well-being for children with CKD. However, several knowledge gaps remain in the implementation of PROs within both the clinical and research realms. This review provides a broad overview of PRO development, implementation for children with CKD, and highlights future directions and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonela Villegas
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Sandra Amaral
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Latif F, Albreiki M. Management of Common Psychiatric Illnesses on Pediatric Medical Floors. Psychiatr Ann 2021. [DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20210920-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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