1
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Zhou N, Ma S, Zhang M, Wang J. Effects of Different Cutting Styles on Physiological Properties in Fresh-Cut Carrots. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1665. [PMID: 38931097 PMCID: PMC11207583 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
With the internationalization of Chinese culture, ready-to-cook Chinese food has become popular. Vegetables in Chinese preparations are usually cut into slices, cubes, and shreds. Carrots, as a typical Chinese side dish, were selected as the model in this work. The polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, O2-, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, lignin, antioxidant enzymes, and other enzymes activities were analyzed. The results indicated that these parameters were insignificantly different between three cutting styles. Therefore, metabolomics is further employed. Pathway enrichment indicated that glyceollin II and 6″-malonylgenistin were metabolites particularly expressed in the isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathway; (+)-gallocatechin, trans-chlorogenic acid, and (-)-epiafzelechin were specifically identified in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway after slicing; and shredding caused the expression of coniferyl aldehyde and eugenol, which were specifically expressed in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. These results indicate that different cutting styles do not change the physiological indicators of carrots but induce the expression of specific metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiayi Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China (M.Z.)
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2
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Cheng Y, Zheng T, Yang D, Peng Q, Dong J, Xi D. Cucumber mosaic virus impairs the physiological homeostasis of Panax notoginseng and induces saponin-mediated resistance. Virology 2024; 591:109983. [PMID: 38237218 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.109983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
As an important medicinal plant, Panax notoginseng often suffers from various abiotic and biotic stresses during its growth, such as drought, heavy metals, fungi, bacteria and viruses. In this study, the symptom and physiological parameters of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-infected P. notoginseng were analyzed and the RNA-seq was performed. The results showed that CMV infection affected the photosynthesis of P. notoginseng, caused serious oxidative damage to P. notoginseng and increased the activity of several antioxidant enzymes. Results of transcriptome analysis and corresponding verification showed that CMV infection changed the expression of genes related to plant defense and promoted the synthesis of P. notoginseng saponins to a certain extent, which may be defensive ways of P. notoginseng against CMV infection. Furthermore, pretreatment plants with saponins reduced the accumulation of CMV. Thus, our results provide new insights into the role of saponins in P. notoginseng response to virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Tianrui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Daoyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Qiding Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Jiahong Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resource, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Dehui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
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3
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Jin R, Yan M, Li G, Liu M, Zhao P, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Zhu X, Wang J, Yu Y, Zhang A, Yang J, Tang Z. Comparative physiological and transcriptome analysis between potassium-deficiency tolerant and sensitive sweetpotato genotypes in response to potassium-deficiency stress. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:61. [PMID: 38225545 PMCID: PMC10789036 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sweetpotato is a typical ''potassium (K+) favoring'' food crop, which root differentiation process needs a large supply of potassium fertilizer and determine the final root yield. To further understand the regulatory network of the response to low potassium stress, here we analyze physiological and biochemical characteristics, and investigated root transcriptional changes in two sweetpotato genotypes, namely, - K tolerant "Xu32" and - K susceptible"NZ1". RESULT We found Xu32 had the higher capability of K+ absorption than NZ1 with better growth performance, higher net photosynthetic rate and higher chlorophyll contents under low potassium stress, and identified 889 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Xu32, 634 DEGs in NZ1, 256 common DEGs in both Xu32 and NZ1. The Gene Ontology (GO) term in molecular function enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs under low K+ stress are predominately involved in catalytic activity, binding, transporter activity and antioxidant activity. Moreover, the more numbers of identified DEGs in Xu32 than that in NZ1 responded to K+-deficiency belong to the process of photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, ion transport, hormone signaling, stress-related and antioxidant system may result in different ability to K+-deficiency tolerance. The unique genes in Xu32 may make a great contribution to enhance low K+ tolerance, and provide useful information for the molecular regulation mechanism of K+-deficiency tolerance in sweetpotato. CONCLUSIONS The common and distinct expression pattern between the two sweetpotato genotypes illuminate a complex mechanism response to low potassium exist in sweetpotato. The study provides some candidate genes, which can be used in sweetpotato breeding program for improving low potassium stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
- sishui lifeng food products Co., Ltd, Jining, China
| | - Mengxiao Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Guanghua Li
- sishui lifeng food products Co., Ltd, Jining, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Sishui County Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Jining, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhang
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhu
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongchao Yu
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Zhonghou Tang
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Myers RJ, Zandalinas SI, Mittler R. Live Whole-Plant Detection of Rapidly Accumulating Reactive Oxygen Species Following Applied Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:387-401. [PMID: 36944890 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) waves serve as key systemic signals within plants. Following the initial sensation of a stress, auto-propagation of ROS (the ROS wave) begins and rapidly spreads to distant, systemic tissues of the plant and invokes important physiological responses. Highly sensitive methods capable of imaging this systemic signal at the whole-plant level have long been desired for the study of ROS signaling. Here, we describe a straightforward and highly sensitive method for the detection and quantification of ROS in planta at the whole-plant level in Arabidopsis thaliana with the In Vivo Imaging System (IVIS) Lumina S5 imaging platform and the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (H2DCFDA). This method can be used for high-throughput screening of the ROS Wave within Arabidopsis plants, with up to 16 plants capable of being imaged approximately every half hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J Myers
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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6
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Martin RE, Postiglione AE, Muday GK. Reactive oxygen species function as signaling molecules in controlling plant development and hormonal responses. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 69:102293. [PMID: 36099672 PMCID: PMC10475289 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as second messengers in plant signaling pathways to remodel plant growth and development. New insights into how enzymatic ROS-producing machinery is regulated by hormones or localized during development have provided a framework for understanding the mechanisms that control ROS accumulation patterns. Signaling-mediated increases in ROS can then modulate the activity of proteins through reversible oxidative modification of specific cysteine residues. Plants also control the synthesis of antioxidants, including plant-specialized metabolites, to further define when, where, and how much ROS accumulate. The availability of sophisticated imaging capabilities, combined with a growing tool kit of ROS detection technologies, particularly genetically encoded biosensors, sets the stage for improved understanding of ROS as signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Emily Martin
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA; Department of Biology and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Anthony E Postiglione
- Department of Biology and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA; Department of Biology and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
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7
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Zhu Y, Elcin E, Jiang M, Li B, Wang H, Zhang X, Wang Z. Use of whole-cell bioreporters to assess bioavailability of contaminants in aquatic systems. Front Chem 2022; 10:1018124. [PMID: 36247665 PMCID: PMC9561917 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1018124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Water contamination has become increasingly a critical global environmental issue that threatens human and ecosystems’ health. Monitoring and risk assessment of toxic pollutants in water bodies is essential to identifying water pollution treatment needs. Compared with the traditional monitoring approaches, environmental biosensing via whole-cell bioreporters (WCBs) has exhibited excellent capabilities for detecting bioavailability of multiple pollutants by providing a fast, simple, versatile and economical way for environmental risk assessment. The performance of WCBs is determined by its elements of construction, such as host strain, regulatory and reporter genes, as well as experimental conditions. Previously, numerous studies have focused on the design and construction of WCB rather than improving the detection process and commercialization of this technology. For investigators working in the environmental field, WCB can be used to detect pollutants is more important than how they are constructed. This work provides a review of the development of WCBs and a brief introduction to genetic construction strategies and aims to summarize key studies on the application of WCB technology in detection of water contaminants, including organic pollutants and heavy metals. In addition, the current status of commercialization of WCBs is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Evrim Elcin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Division of Enzyme and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mengyuan Jiang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Boling Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaokai Zhang,
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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8
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Satyakam, Zinta G, Singh RK, Kumar R. Cold adaptation strategies in plants—An emerging role of epigenetics and antifreeze proteins to engineer cold resilient plants. Front Genet 2022; 13:909007. [PMID: 36092945 PMCID: PMC9459425 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.909007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stress adversely affects plant growth, development, and yield. Also, the spatial and geographical distribution of plant species is influenced by low temperatures. Cold stress includes chilling and/or freezing temperatures, which trigger entirely different plant responses. Freezing tolerance is acquired via the cold acclimation process, which involves prior exposure to non-lethal low temperatures followed by profound alterations in cell membrane rigidity, transcriptome, compatible solutes, pigments and cold-responsive proteins such as antifreeze proteins. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin dynamics and small non-coding RNAs play a crucial role in cold stress adaptation. Here, we provide a recent update on cold-induced signaling and regulatory mechanisms. Emphasis is given to the role of epigenetic mechanisms and antifreeze proteins in imparting cold stress tolerance in plants. Lastly, we discuss genetic manipulation strategies to improve cold tolerance and develop cold-resistant plants.
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9
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Xu E, Tikkanen M, Seyednasrollah F, Kangasjärvi S, Brosché M. Simultaneous Ozone and High Light Treatments Reveal an Important Role for the Chloroplast in Co-ordination of Defense Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:883002. [PMID: 35873979 PMCID: PMC9303991 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.883002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants live in a world of changing environments, where they are continuously challenged by alternating biotic and abiotic stresses. To transfer information from the environment to appropriate protective responses, plants use many different signaling molecules and pathways. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical signaling molecules in the regulation of plant stress responses, both inside and between cells. In natural environments, plants can experience multiple stresses simultaneously. Laboratory studies on stress interaction and crosstalk at regulation of gene expression, imply that plant responses to multiple stresses are distinctly different from single treatments. We analyzed the expression of selected marker genes and reassessed publicly available datasets to find signaling pathways regulated by ozone, which produces apoplastic ROS, and high light treatment, which produces chloroplastic ROS. Genes related to cell death regulation were differentially regulated by ozone versus high light. In a combined ozone + high light treatment, the light treatment enhanced ozone-induced cell death in leaves. The distinct responses from ozone versus high light treatments show that plants can activate stress signaling pathways in a highly precise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjun Xu
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Tikkanen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Fatemeh Seyednasrollah
- Institute of Biotechnology, HILIFE – Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Martin RE, Marzol E, Estevez JM, Muday GK. Ethylene signaling increases reactive oxygen species accumulation to drive root hair initiation in Arabidopsis. Development 2022; 149:275731. [PMID: 35713303 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Root hair initiation is a highly regulated aspect of root development. The plant hormone ethylene and its precursor, 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, induce formation and elongation of root hairs. Using confocal microscopy paired with redox biosensors and dyes, we demonstrated that treatments that elevate ethylene levels lead to increased hydrogen peroxide accumulation in hair cells prior to root hair formation. In the ethylene-insensitive receptor mutant, etr1-3, and the signaling double mutant, ein3eil1, the increase in root hair number or reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation after ACC and ethylene treatment was lost. Conversely, etr1-7, a constitutive ethylene signaling receptor mutant, has increased root hair formation and ROS accumulation, similar to ethylene-treated Col-0 seedlings. The caprice and werewolf transcription factor mutants have decreased and elevated ROS levels, respectively, which are correlated with levels of root hair initiation. The rhd2-6 mutant, with a defect in the gene encoding the ROS-synthesizing RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG C (RBOHC), and the prx44-2 mutant, which is defective in a class III peroxidase, showed impaired ethylene-dependent ROS synthesis and root hair formation via EIN3EIL1-dependent transcriptional regulation. Together, these results indicate that ethylene increases ROS accumulation through RBOHC and PRX44 to drive root hair formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Emily Martin
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27109,USA
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina, C1405BWE
| | - Jose M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina, C1405BWE.,Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago, Santiago, Chile and ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) and Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile, 8370146
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27109,USA
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11
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Lee J, Hanh Nguyen H, Park Y, Lin J, Hwang I. Spatial regulation of RBOHD via AtECA4-mediated recycling and clathrin-mediated endocytosis contributes to ROS accumulation during salt stress response but not flg22-induced immune response. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:816-830. [PMID: 34797009 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Various environmental stresses can induce production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to turn on signaling for proper responses to those stresses. Plasma membrane (PM)-localized respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), in particular RBOHD, produce ROS via the post-translational activation upon abiotic and biotic stresses. Although the mechanisms of RBOHD activation upon biotic stress have been elucidated in detail, it remains elusive how salinity stress activates RBOHD. Here, we present evidence that trafficking of PM-localized RBOHD to endosomes and then its recycling back to the PM is critical for ROS accumulation upon salinity stress. ateca4 plants that were defective in recycling of proteins from endosomes to the PM and clc2-1 and chc2-1 plants that were defective in endocytosis showed a defect in salinity stress-induced ROS production. In addition, ateca4 plants showed a defect in transient accumulation of GFP:RBOHD to the PM at the early stage of salinity stress. By contrast, ateca4 plants showed no defect in the increase in the ROS level and accumulation of RBOHD to the PM upon flg22 treatment as wild-type plants. Based on these observations, we propose that factors involved in the trafficking machinery such as AtECA4 and clathrin are important players in salt stress-induced, but not flg22-induced, ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeong Lee
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Hong Hanh Nguyen
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Youngmin Park
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
- Bioapplications, Pohang, Korea
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Key Lab of Photosynthesis and Molecular Environmental Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
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12
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Akter S, Khan MS, Smith EN, Flashman E. Measuring ROS and redox markers in plant cells. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1384-1401. [PMID: 34704044 PMCID: PMC8495998 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced throughout plant cells as a by-product of electron transfer processes. While highly oxidative and potentially damaging to a range of biomolecules, there exists a suite of ROS-scavenging antioxidant strategies that maintain a redox equilibrium. This balance can be disrupted in the event of cellular stress leading to increased ROS levels, which can act as a useful stress signal but, in excess, can result in cell damage and death. As crop plants become exposed to greater degrees of multiple stresses due to climate change, efforts are ongoing to engineer plants with greater stress tolerance. It is therefore important to understand the pathways underpinning ROS-mediated signalling and damage, both through measuring ROS themselves and other indicators of redox imbalance. The highly reactive and transient nature of ROS makes this challenging to achieve, particularly in a way that is specific to individual ROS species. In this review, we describe the range of chemical and biological tools and techniques currently available for ROS and redox marker measurement in plant cells and tissues. We discuss the limitations inherent in current methodology and opportunities for advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Akter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Oxford UK
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shahneawz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Oxford UK
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
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13
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Heyman L, Ferrarini E, Sanchez L, Barka EA, Höfte M. A sensitive chemiluminescence method for quantification of the oxidative burst in grapevine cells and rice roots. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 307:110892. [PMID: 33902853 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Roots are prominent plant-microbe interaction sites and of great biological relevance for many studies. The root response is of interest when searching for potential systemic resistance inducers. Screening of elicitors often focuses on the oxidative burst, the rapid and transient production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). However, to our knowledge, no high-throughput, sensitive methods have been developed for the quantification of ROS released by roots. Here, we report on the development of an L-012-based chemiluminescence bioassay to quantitatively determine the oxidative burst following elicitation events in roots. Rice and grapevine were used as monocot and dicot models. We demonstrate that chitosan, a recognized elicitor in rice cells, was able to elicit ROS production in rice roots. Chitosan also triggered a strong oxidative burst in grapevine cell suspension cultures, while grapevine roots were not responsive. Although this method is broadly applicable, the L-012 probe requires careful consideration of solvents and plant species. Insufficient extracellular ROS, quenching, and the interference of solvents with the probe can undermine the assay sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Heyman
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Enrico Ferrarini
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lisa Sanchez
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.
| | - Monica Höfte
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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14
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Oxidative signalling in seed germination and early seedling growth: an emerging role for ROS trafficking and inter-organelle communication. Biochem J 2021; 478:1977-1984. [PMID: 34047788 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Underground early development of higher plants includes two distinct developmental processes, seed germination and then skotomorphogenesis, a mechanism which favours elongation of the hypocotyl and helps the seedling to find light. Interestingly, both processes, which are regulated by plant hormones, have been shown to depend on reactive oxygen species metabolism and to be related to mitochondrial retrograde signalling. Here we review the recent outcomes in this field of research and highlight the emerging role of ROS communication between organelles and cell compartments. We point out the role of mitochondria as an environmental and developmental sensor organelle that regulates ROS homeostasis and downstream events and we propose future directions of research that should help better understanding the roles of ROS in germination and seedling emergence.
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15
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Fichman Y, Mittler R. A systemic whole-plant change in redox levels accompanies the rapid systemic response to wounding. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:4-8. [PMID: 33793948 PMCID: PMC8154084 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The wounding-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) wave is accompanied by a systemic whole-plant redox response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Fichman
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201
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16
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Rahmati Ishka M, Brown E, Rosenberg A, Romanowsky S, Davis JA, Choi WG, Harper JF. Arabidopsis Ca2+-ATPases 1, 2, and 7 in the endoplasmic reticulum contribute to growth and pollen fitness. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1966-1985. [PMID: 33575795 PMCID: PMC8133587 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Generating cellular Ca2+ signals requires coordinated transport activities from both Ca2+ influx and efflux pathways. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), multiple efflux pathways exist, some of which involve Ca2+-pumps belonging to the Autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPase (ACA) family. Here, we show that ACA1, 2, and 7 localize to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and are important for plant growth and pollen fertility. While phenotypes for plants harboring single-gene knockouts (KOs) were weak or undetected, a triple KO of aca1/2/7 displayed a 2.6-fold decrease in pollen transmission efficiency, whereas inheritance through female gametes was normal. The triple KO also resulted in smaller rosettes showing a high frequency of lesions. Both vegetative and reproductive phenotypes were rescued by transgenes encoding either ACA1, 2, or 7, suggesting that all three isoforms are biochemically redundant. Lesions were suppressed by expression of a transgene encoding NahG, an enzyme that degrades salicylic acid (SA). Triple KO mutants showed elevated mRNA expression for two SA-inducible marker genes, Pathogenesis-related1 (PR1) and PR2. The aca1/2/7 lesion phenotype was similar but less severe than SA-dependent lesions associated with a double KO of vacuolar pumps aca4 and 11. Imaging of Ca2+ dynamics triggered by blue light or the pathogen elicitor flg22 revealed that aca1/2/7 mutants display Ca2+ transients with increased magnitudes and durations. Together, these results indicate that ER-localized ACAs play important roles in regulating Ca2+ signals, and that the loss of these pumps results in male fertility and vegetative growth deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati Ishka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Elizabeth Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Alexa Rosenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Shawn Romanowsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - James A Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Won-Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Jeffrey F Harper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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17
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Medina E, Kim SH, Yun M, Choi WG. Recapitulation of the Function and Role of ROS Generated in Response to Heat Stress in Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020371. [PMID: 33671904 PMCID: PMC7918971 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In natural ecosystems, plants are constantly exposed to changes in their surroundings as they grow, caused by a lifestyle that requires them to live where their seeds fall. Thus, plants strive to adapt and respond to changes in their exposed environment that change every moment. Heat stress that naturally occurs when plants grow in the summer or a tropical area adversely affects plants' growth and poses a risk to plant development. When plants are subjected to heat stress, they recognize heat stress and respond using highly complex intracellular signaling systems such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS was previously considered a byproduct that impairs plant growth. However, in recent studies, ROS gained attention for its function as a signaling molecule when plants respond to environmental stresses such as heat stress. In particular, ROS, produced in response to heat stress in various plant cell compartments such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, plays a crucial role as a signaling molecule that promotes plant growth and triggers subsequent downstream reactions. Therefore, this review aims to address the latest research trends and understandings, focusing on the function and role of ROS in responding and adapting plants to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Medina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (E.M.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Su-Hwa Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (E.M.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Miriam Yun
- Biology and Psychology Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
| | - Won-Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (E.M.); (S.-H.K.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Chávez-Martínez AI, Ortega-Amaro MA, Torres M, Serrano M, Jiménez-Bremont JF. Arabidopsis adc-silenced line exhibits differential defense responses to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae infection. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:494-503. [PMID: 33049445 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
During plant-microbe interactions, polyamines participate in the plant defense response. Previously, we reported that silencing of ADC genes in Arabidopsis thaliana causes a drastic reduction of polyamine levels as well as increments in reactive oxygen species content. In this study, we examined the response of the adc-silenced line to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae infection. The adc-silenced line was more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea, showing larger lesion length and a higher incidence of fungal infection. Pre-treatments with putrescine reestablished the response of the adc-silenced line to Botrytis cinerea, resulting in a similar phenotype to the parental plant. Expression levels of defense-related genes were analyzed during fungal infection showing that the salicylic acid-induced gene PR1 was up-regulated, while the jasmonic acid-related genes LOX3 and PDF1.2, as well as, the camalexin biosynthetic gene PAD3 were down-regulated in the adc-silenced line. Furthermore, methyl jasmonate pre-treatments reduced Botrytis cinerea infection in the adc-silenced line. On the other hand, the adc-silenced line showed an increased resistance to Pseudomonas syringae infection. SA-related genes such as PR1, ZAT1.2, WRKY54 and WRKY70 were highly expressed in the adc-silenced line upon bacterial interaction. Our data show that the adc-silenced line has altered the defense-response against Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae, that is consistent with deregulation of SA- and JA-mediated response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Chávez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a La Presa de San José, 2055, Lomas 4 sección, A.C, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - María Azucena Ortega-Amaro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a La Presa de San José, 2055, Lomas 4 sección, A.C, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Martha Torres
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mario Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a La Presa de San José, 2055, Lomas 4 sección, A.C, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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19
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Fichman Y, Mittler R. Noninvasive Live ROS Imaging of Whole Plants Grown in Soil. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:1052-1053. [PMID: 32565022 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Fichman
- The Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- The Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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20
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Zhao M, Fang Y, Ma L, Zhu X, Jiang L, Li M, Han Q. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antibacterial mechanism study of two Keggin-type polyoxometalates. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 210:111131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Fichman Y, Miller G, Mittler R. Whole-Plant Live Imaging of Reactive Oxygen Species. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:1203-1210. [PMID: 31220601 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key regulators of numerous subcellular, cellular, and systemic signals. They function in plants as an integral part of many different hormonal, physiological, and developmental pathways, as well as play a critical role in defense and acclimation responses to different biotic and abiotic conditions. Although many ROS imaging techniques have been developed and utilized in plants, a whole-plant imaging platform for the dynamic detection of ROS in mature plants is lacking. Here we report a robust and straightforward method for the whole-plant live imaging of ROS in mature plants grown in soil. This new method could be used to study local and systemic ROS signals in different genetic variants, conduct phenotyping studies to identify new pathways for ROS signaling, monitor the stress level of different plants and mutants, and unravel novel routes of ROS integration into stress, growth regulation, and development in plants. We demonstrate the utility of this new method for studying systemic ROS signals in different Arabidopsis mutants and wound responses in cereals such as wheat and corn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Fichman
- The Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Gad Miller
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, The Gonda Medical Diagnostic Research Building (204), Room 211, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Ron Mittler
- The Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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22
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On the Origin and Fate of Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Cell Compartments. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8040105. [PMID: 30999668 PMCID: PMC6523537 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been recognized as important signaling compounds of major importance in a number of developmental and physiological processes in plants. The existence of cellular compartments enables efficient redox compartmentalization and ensures proper functioning of ROS-dependent signaling pathways. Similar to other organisms, the production of individual ROS in plant cells is highly localized and regulated by compartment-specific enzyme pathways on transcriptional and post-translational level. ROS metabolism and signaling in specific compartments are greatly affected by their chemical interactions with other reactive radical species, ROS scavengers and antioxidant enzymes. A dysregulation of the redox status, as a consequence of induced ROS generation or decreased capacity of their removal, occurs in plants exposed to diverse stress conditions. During stress condition, strong induction of ROS-generating systems or attenuated ROS scavenging can lead to oxidative or nitrosative stress conditions, associated with potential damaging modifications of cell biomolecules. Here, we present an overview of compartment-specific pathways of ROS production and degradation and mechanisms of ROS homeostasis control within plant cell compartments.
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