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Chen W, Sun Q, Wang J, Wu Y, Zhu B, Qin L. Colonization by the endophytic fungus Phyllosticta fallopiae combined with the element Si promotes the growth of Dendrobium nobile. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133343. [PMID: 38925191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi can promote plant growth and development, particularly of Orchidaceae species. Previously, we found that the endophytic fungus Phyllosticta fallopiae DN14, collected from Dendrobium nobile growing on rocks in a wild habitat, significantly promoted growth of its host plant D. nobile, an important herb in Chinese traditional medicine that contains the bioactive component dendrobine. Phyllosticta was positively correlated with FW and dendrobine content of D. nobile and with Si content of the epiphytic matrix. Si is also highly beneficial for the growth and productivity of many plants. Here, we co-cultured D. nobile with P. fallopiae DN14 in half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium with and without various concentrations of Si to investigate the effects of DN14 and Si on plant fresh weight and dendrobine content. We also explored the effects of DN14 infection and colonization on host plant growth, Si accumulation and transport, and expression of key genes, as well as the interaction between DN14 and Si. The combination of DN14 and Si promoted the lignification of D. nobile roots, stems, and leaves and markedly increased the thickening of xylem cell walls. Co-culture with DN14 increased transport of Si from roots to stems and from stems to leaves. Transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses showed that enhancement of D. nobile growth by DN14 and Si may involve upregulation of plant hormone-related genes (AUX/IAA and MYC) and lignin biosynthesis genes (HCT, PAL1, and PAL2). Insoluble Si promoted the growth of DN14, perhaps through downregulation of genes (e.g., FBP, MPI, RPIAD) related to carbohydrate metabolism, and DN14 in turn promoted the transformation of insoluble Si into soluble Si for plant uptake. These findings demonstrate that endophytic fungi and Si can improve the growth of D. nobile and therefore show promise as organic amendments for commercial cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Qingmei Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Yutong Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
| | - Luping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
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Yang Y, Cheng Y, Lu Z, Ye H, Du G, Li Z. Comparative proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal stress responses of hemp to salinity. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:154. [PMID: 38809335 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Integrated omics analyses outline the cellular and metabolic events of hemp plants in response to salt stress and highlight several photosynthesis and energy metabolism related pathways as key regulatory points. Soil salinity affects many physiological processes of plants and leads to crop yield losses worldwide. For hemp, a crop that is valued for multiple aspects, such as its medical compounds, fibre, and seed, a comprehensive understanding of its salt stress responses is a prerequisite for resistance breeding and tailoring its agronomic performance to suit certain industrial applications. Here, we first observed the phenotype of salt-stressed hemp plants and found that under NaCl treatment, hemp plants displayed pronounced growth defects, as indicated by the significantly reduced average height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content. Next, we conducted comparative proteomics and metabolomics to dissect the complex salt-stress response mechanisms. A total of 314 proteins and 649 metabolites were identified to be differentially behaving upon NaCl treatment. Functional classification and enrichment analysis unravelled that many differential proteins were proteases associated with photosynthesis. Through metabolic pathway enrichment, several energy-related pathways were found to be altered, such as the biosynthesis and degradation of branched-chain amino acids, and our network analysis showed that many ribosomal proteins were involved in these metabolic adaptations. Taken together, for hemp plants, influences on chloroplast function probably represent a major toxic effect of salinity, and modulating several energy-producing pathways possibly through translational regulation is presumably a key protective mechanism against the negative impacts. Our data and analyses provide insights into our understanding of hemp's stress biology and may lay a foundation for future functional genomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Zhenhua Lu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Hailong Ye
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Guanghui Du
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, 650091, China.
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Dabravolski SA, Isayenkov SV. The Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Silicon Action in Salt Stress Amelioration. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:525. [PMID: 38498577 PMCID: PMC10893008 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most common abiotic stress factors affecting different biochemical and physiological processes in plants, inhibiting plant growth, and greatly reducing productivity. During the last decade, silicon (Si) supplementation was intensively studied and now is proposed as one of the most convincing methods to improve plant tolerance to salt stress. In this review, we discuss recent papers investigating the role of Si in modulating molecular, biochemical, and physiological processes that are negatively affected by high salinity. Although multiple reports have demonstrated the beneficial effects of Si application in mitigating salt stress, the exact molecular mechanism underlying these effects is not yet well understood. In this review, we focus on the localisation of Si transporters and the mechanism of Si uptake, accumulation, and deposition to understand the role of Si in various relevant physiological processes. Further, we discuss the role of Si supplementation in antioxidant response, maintenance of photosynthesis efficiency, and production of osmoprotectants. Additionally, we highlight crosstalk of Si with other ions, lignin, and phytohormones. Finally, we suggest some directions for future work, which could improve our understanding of the role of Si in plants under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siarhei A. Dabravolski
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Braude Academic College of Engineering, Snunit 51, Karmiel 2161002, Israel;
| | - Stanislav V. Isayenkov
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Strasse 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Department of Plant Food Products and Biofortification, Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Baidi-Vyshneveckogo Str. 2a, 04123 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Luyckx M, Hausman JF, Guerriero G, Lutts S. Silicon reduces zinc absorption and triggers oxidative tolerance processes without impacting growth in young plants of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:943-955. [PMID: 35907072 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21797-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a promising crop for non-food agricultural production on soils contaminated by moderate doses of heavy metals, while silicon, as a beneficial element, is frequently reported to improve stressed plant behavior. Using a hydroponic system, plants of Cannabis sativa (cv. Santhica 27) were exposed for 1 week to 100 µM Zn in the presence or absence of 2 mM Si. Zinc accumulated in all plant organs but was mainly sequestered in the roots. Additional Si reduced Zn absorption but had no impact on Zn translocation. Zn accumulation had a slight negative impact on leaf number, stem length, and chlorophyll content, and additional Si did not mitigate these symptoms. Exogenous Si reduced the Zn-induced membrane lipid peroxidation (assessed by malondialdehyde quantification) and increased the total antioxidant activities estimated by the FRAP index. In the absence of Si, leaf phytochelatin and total glutathione were the highest in Zn-treated plants and Si significantly decreased their concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Luyckx
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELIA), Université Catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Jean-François Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELIA), Université Catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Niu Y, Liu L, Wang F, Liu X, Huang Z, Zhao H, Qi B, Zhang G. Exogenous silicon enhances resistance to 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene in rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157248. [PMID: 35820528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination with 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) is a threat to rice growth, and ultimately, to human health. Silicon (Si) plays an important role in plants' stress responses. However, little is known about the effects of Si on the TCB tolerance of rice plants. We investigated the effects of Si on the morphological, physiological, and molecular characteristics of rice plants under TCB stress. First, we compared the TCB tolerance of 13 rice cultivars by measuring seven growth-related and 13 physiological indices across four treatments. Then, six cultivars with contrasting TCB tolerance were selected to study the expression of Si transport and detoxification related genes. Compared with the control, the TCB treatment resulted in decreased growth indices, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activities, and increased the superoxide anion content and root electrical conductivity. Application of Si improved rice growth, chlorophyll content and alleviated oxidative damage caused by TCB. The alleviating effect of Si ranged from 4.1 % to 56.72 % among the cultivars, with the strongest alleviating effect on Wuyujing 36. The transcript levels of genes encoding Si transporters and detoxification enzymes were higher in tolerant cultivars than in sensitive cultivars. The TCB treatment induced the expression of GST and Lsi2 in roots and HO-1 in leaves; these genes as well as Lsi1 were differentially expressed in roots and/or leaves in the TCB + Si treatment. Lsi1 played a key role in Si-mediated TCB tolerance in Wuyujing 36. The joint analysis of gene transcript levels in TCB and TCB + Si treatments confirmed that all six genes were associated with TCB tolerance, especially Lsi1 and Lsi2 in roots and GST and CuZn-SOD in leaves. Si can increase rice plants' resistance to TCB stress by improving growth and enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and chlorophyll content, and by up-regulating genes involved in Si transport and detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Niu
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Le Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Xinhai Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Hongliang Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Bo Qi
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China; State Key Laboratory of soil and agricultural sustainable development, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Attapulgite Clay Resource Utilization, Huai'an 223003, China.
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6
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Mukarram M, Petrik P, Mushtaq Z, Khan MMA, Gulfishan M, Lux A. Silicon nanoparticles in higher plants: Uptake, action, stress tolerance, and crosstalk with phytohormones, antioxidants, and other signalling molecules. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119855. [PMID: 35940485 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is absorbed as uncharged mono-silicic acid by plant roots through passive absorption of Lsi1, an influx transporter belonging to the aquaporin protein family. Lsi2 then actively effluxes silicon from root cells towards the xylem from where it is exported by Lsi6 for silicon distribution and accumulation to other parts. Recently, it was proposed that silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) might share a similar route for their uptake and transport. SiNPs then initiate a cascade of morphophysiological adjustments that improve the plant physiology through regulating the expression of many photosynthetic genes and proteins along with photosystem I (PSI) and PSII assemblies. Subsequent improvement in photosynthetic performance and stomatal behaviour correspond to higher growth, development, and productivity. On many occasions, SiNPs have demonstrated a protective role during stressful environments by improving plant-water status, source-sink potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and enzymatic profile. The present review comprehensively discusses the crop improvement potential of SiNPs stretching their role during optimal and abiotic stress conditions including salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Moreover, in the later section of this review, we offered the understanding that most of these upgrades can be explained by SiNPs intricate correspondence with phytohormones, antioxidants, and signalling molecules. SiNPs can modulate the endogenous phytohormones level such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (IAAs), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), and jasmonic acid (JA). Altered phytohormones level affects plant growth, development, and productivity at various organ and tissue levels. Similarly, SiNPs regulate the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle leading to an upgraded defence system. At the cellular and subcellular levels, SiNPs crosstalk with various signalling molecules such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, nitric oxide (NO), ROS, soluble sugars, and transcription factors (TFs) was also explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Petrik
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Mohd Gulfishan
- Glocal School of Agricultural Science, Glocal University, Saharanpur, 247121, India
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
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7
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Biosorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution with hemp waste, investigation of isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies and modeling using multigene genetic programming. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02411-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Impact of Pseudomonas sp. SVB-B33 on Stress- and Cell Wall-Related Genes in Roots and Leaves of Hemp under Salinity. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a type of abiotic stress that negatively affects plant growth and development. Textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an important multi-purpose crop that shows sensitivity to salt stress in a genotype- and developmental stage-dependent manner. The root and shoot biomasses decrease in the presence of NaCl during vegetative growth and several stress-responsive genes are activated. Finding environmentally friendly ways to increase plant health and resilience to exogenous stresses is important for a sustainable agriculture. In this context, the use of beneficial bacteria, collectively referred to as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), is becoming an attractive and emergent agricultural strategy. In this study, data are provided on the effects of a Pseudomonas isolate (Pseudomonas sp. SVB-B33) phylogenetically closely related to P. psychrotolerans applied via roots to salt-stressed hemp. The application of both living and dead bacteria impacts the fresh weight of the root biomass, as well as the expression of several stress-related genes in roots and leaves. These results pave the way to future investigations on the use of Pseudomonas sp. SVB-B33 in combination with silica to mitigate stress symptoms and increase the resilience to other forms of exogenous stresses in textile hemp.
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Luyckx M, Hausman JF, Sergeant K, Guerriero G, Lutts S. Molecular and Biochemical Insights Into Early Responses of Hemp to Cd and Zn Exposure and the Potential Effect of Si on Stress Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:711853. [PMID: 34539703 PMCID: PMC8446647 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.711853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the intensification of human activities, plants are more frequently exposed to heavy metals (HM). Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) are frequently and simultaneously found in contaminated soils, including agronomic soils contaminated by the atmospheric fallout near smelters. The fiber crop Cannabis sativa L. is a suitable alternative to food crops for crop cultivation on these soils. In this study, Cd (20 μM) and Zn (100 μM) were shown to induce comparable growth inhibition in C. sativa. To devise agricultural strategies aimed at improving crop yield, the effect of silicon (Si; 2 mM) on the stress tolerance of plants was considered. Targeted gene expression and proteomic analysis were performed on leaves and roots after 1 week of treatment. Both Cd- and Zn-stimulated genes involved in proline biosynthesis [pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR)] and phenylpropanoid pathway [phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL)] but Cd also specifically increased the expression of PCS1-1 involved in phytochelatin (PC) synthesis. Si exposure influences the expression of numerous genes in a contrasting way in Cd- and Zn-exposed plants. At the leaf level, the accumulation of 122 proteins was affected by Cd, whereas 47 proteins were affected by Zn: only 16 proteins were affected by both Cd and Zn. The number of proteins affected due to Si exposure (27) alone was by far lower, and 12 were not modified by heavy metal treatment while no common protein seemed to be modified by both CdSi and ZnSi treatment. It is concluded that Cd and Zn had a clear different impact on plant metabolism and that Si confers a specific physiological status to stressed plants, with quite distinct impacts on hemp proteome depending on the considered heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Luyckx
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute – Agronomy (ELI-A), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute – Agronomy (ELI-A), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Hoffmann J, Berni R, Sutera FM, Gutsch A, Hausman JF, Saffie-Siebert S, Guerriero G. The Effects of Salinity on the Anatomy and Gene Expression Patterns in Leaflets of Tomato cv. Micro-Tom. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081165. [PMID: 34440339 PMCID: PMC8392013 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a form of abiotic stress that impacts growth and development in several economically relevant crops and is a top-ranking threat to agriculture, considering the average rise in the sea level caused by global warming. Tomato is moderately sensitive to salinity and shows adaptive mechanisms to this abiotic stressor. A case study on the dwarf tomato model Micro-Tom is here presented in which the response to salt stress (NaCl 200 mM) was investigated to shed light on the changes occurring at the expression level in genes involved in cell wall-related processes, phenylpropanoid pathway, stress response, volatiles' emission and secondary metabolites' production. In particular, the response was analyzed by sampling older/younger leaflets positioned at different stem heights (top and bottom of the stem) and locations along the rachis (terminal and lateral) with the goal of identifying the most responsive one(s). Tomato plants cv. Micro-Tom responded to increasing concentrations of NaCl (0-100-200-400 mM) by reducing the leaf biomass, stem diameter and height. Microscopy revealed stronger effects on leaves sampled at the bottom and the expression analysis identified clusters of genes expressed preferentially in older or younger leaflets. Stress-related genes displayed a stronger induction in lateral leaflets sampled at the bottom. In conclusion, in tomato cv. Micro-Tom subjected to salt stress, the bottom leaflets showed stronger stress signs and response, while top leaflets were less impacted by the abiotic stressor and had an increased expression of cell wall-related genes involved in expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Hoffmann
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | - Roberto Berni
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Flavia Maria Sutera
- SiSaf Ltd., Surrey Research Park, Guildford GU2 7RE, UK; (F.M.S.); (S.S.-S.)
| | - Annelie Gutsch
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | | | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +352-27-5888-5096
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Luyckx M, Hausman JF, Blanquet M, Guerriero G, Lutts S. Silicon reduces cadmium absorption and increases root-to-shoot translocation without impacting growth in young plants of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) on a short-term basis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37963-37977. [PMID: 33728605 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a non-edible multipurpose crop suitable for fiber production and/or phytoremediation on moderately heavy metal-contaminated soils. Experiments were conducted in nutrient solution to assess the short-term impact of silicon (Si), a well-known beneficial element, on plants exposed to 20 μM cadmium (Cd) in nutrient solution. Cd decreased plant growth and affected photosynthesis through non-stomatal effects. Cd translocation factor was higher than 1, confirming the interest of hemp for phytoextraction purposes. Additional Si did not improve plant growth after 1 week of treatment but decreased Cd accumulation in all organs and improved water use efficiency through a decrease in transpiration rate. Si had only marginal impact on Cd distribution among organs. It increased glutathione and phytochelatin synthesis allowing the plants to efficiently cope with oxidative stress through the improvement of Cd sequestration on thiol groups in the roots. Si may thus have a fast impact on the plant behavior before the occurrence of plant growth stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Luyckx
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute (Agronomy), Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Mathilde Blanquet
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute (Agronomy), Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute (Agronomy), Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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12
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Guerriero G, Sutera FM, Torabi-Pour N, Renaut J, Hausman JF, Berni R, Pennington HC, Welsh M, Dehsorkhi A, Zancan LR, Saffie-Siebert S. Phyto-Courier, a Silicon Particle-Based Nano-biostimulant: Evidence from Cannabis sativa Exposed to Salinity. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3061-3069. [PMID: 33523648 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and sea level rise are serious threats to agriculture. The negative effects caused by severe salinity include discoloration and reduced surface of the leaves, as well as wilting due to an impaired uptake of water from the soil by roots. Nanotechnology is emerging as a valuable ally in agriculture: several studies have indeed already proven the role of silicon nanoparticles in ameliorating the conditions of plants subjected to (a) biotic stressors. Here, we introduce the concept of phyto-courier: hydrolyzable nanoparticles of porous silicon, stabilized with the nonreducing saccharide trehalose and containing different combinations of lipids and/or amino acids, were used as vehicle for the delivery of the bioactive compound quercetin to the leaves of salt-stressed hemp (Cannabis sativa L., Santhica 27). Hemp was used as a representative model of an economically important crop with multiple uses. Quercetin is an antioxidant known to scavenge reactive oxygen species in cells. Four different silicon-based formulations were administered via spraying in order to investigate their ability to improve the plant's stress response, thereby acting as nano-biostimulants. We show that two formulations proved to be effective at decreasing stress symptoms by modulating the amount of soluble sugars and the expression of genes that are markers of stress-response in hemp. The study proves the suitability of the phyto-courier technology for agricultural applications aimed at crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | | | | | - Jenny Renaut
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Roberto Berni
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Michael Welsh
- SiSaf Ltd., Surrey Research Park, Guildford GU2 7RE, United Kingdom
| | - Ashkan Dehsorkhi
- SiSaf Ltd., Surrey Research Park, Guildford GU2 7RE, United Kingdom
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