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Pedersen SG, Anke A, Friborg O, Ørbo MC, Løkholm MT, Kirkevold M, Heiberg G, Halvorsen MB. Metacognitive beliefs, mood symptoms, and fatigue four years after stroke: An explorative study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305896. [PMID: 38917133 PMCID: PMC11198774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between metacognition and mood symptoms four years post-stroke and examined fatigue as a potential moderator for this relationship. METHODS A number of 143 participants completed a survey that included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (functional status) four years after stroke. Multiple regression analyses adjusting for demographic and stroke-specific covariates were performed with anxiety and depression as dependent variables and fatigue as a moderator. RESULTS The proportions of participants satisfying the caseness criteria for anxiety and depression were 20% and 19%, respectively, and 35% reported severe fatigue. Analysed separately, all MCQ-30 subscales contributed significantly to anxiety, whereas only three MCQ-30 subscales contributed significantly to depression. In the adjusted analyses, the MCQ-30 subscales 'positive beliefs' (p < 0.05) and 'uncontrollability and danger' (p < 0.001), as well as fatigue (p < 0.001) and functional status at four years (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms. Similarly, the MCQ-30 subscales 'cognitive confidence' (p < 0.05) and 'self-consciousness' (p < 0.05), as well as fatigue (p < 0.001), stroke severity at baseline (p < 0.01), and functional status at four years (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with depression symptoms. Fatigue did not significantly moderate the relationship between any MCQ-30 subscale and HADS scores. CONCLUSION Maladaptive metacognitions were associated with the mood symptoms of anxiety and depression, independent of fatigue, even after controlling for demographic and stroke-specific factors. Future studies should implement longitudinal designs to determine whether metacognitions precede anxiety or depression after a stroke, and more strongly indicate the potential of metacognitive therapy for improving the mental health of individuals after a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synne G. Pedersen
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Audny Anke
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Institute of Health and Society, Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Model and Services (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Oddgeir Friborg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marte C. Ørbo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mari T. Løkholm
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marit Kirkevold
- Institute of Health and Society, Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Model and Services (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guri Heiberg
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marianne B. Halvorsen
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Goksan Yavuz B, Acar E, Sancak B, Sayin E, Yalinay Dikmen P, Ilgaz Aydinlar E. The role of metacognition, negative automatic thoughts and emotions in migraine-related disability among adult migraine patients. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:3177-3189. [PMID: 35880729 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2104884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between problematic metacognitions, negative cognitive content and emotional distress, and migraine-related disability among adult migraine patients. The migraine group consisted of 74 patients. Forty-seven healthy volunteers with similar sociodemographic characteristics were selected as the comparison group. Sociodemographic form, Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Automatic Thought Questionnaire, and Metacognition Questionnaire-30 were administered. Our results showed that higher depression, anxiety, stress levels, and negative automatic thoughts are significantly associated with more significant migraine disability. Our data also showed that high levels of depression and increased headache frequency predict migraine-related severe disability. We found that the frequency of headaches over three months and positive beliefs about worry significantly predicted the presence of chronicity in migraine. Our findings may help determine different approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy and relaxation techniques in treating migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Goksan Yavuz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Acar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Sancak
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ekin Sayin
- School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Yalinay Dikmen
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Ilgaz Aydinlar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lian SL, Cao XX, Xiao QL, Zhu XW, Yang C, Liu QQ. Family cohesion and adaptability reduces mobile phone addiction: the mediating and moderating roles of automatic thoughts and peer attachment. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1122943. [PMID: 37397308 PMCID: PMC10311501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1122943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the popularity of mobile Internet devices, the incidence of mobile phone addiction has been increasing, which has aroused the concern of all sectors of society. Due to the difficulty of eliminating the risk factors of mobile phone addiction, it's significant for researchers to examine the function and underlying mechanisms of positive environmental factors in reducing individuals' mobile phone addiction. Thus, the current study aimed to examine the relationship between family cohesion and adaptability and mobile phone addiction among university students and analyzed the mediating role of automatic thoughts as well as the moderating role of peer attachment in this link. The sample consisted of 958 Chinese university students. Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing family cohesion and adaptability, mobile phone addiction, automatic thoughts, and peer attachment. PROCESS model 8 was significant (the total effect model (F (5, 952) = 19.64, R2 = 0.09, p < 0.001)). Results indicated that family cohesion and adaptability could not only negatively predict mobile phone addiction directly, but also indirectly through the mediating effect of automatic thoughts. Moreover, both the direct association between family cohesion and adaptability and mobile phone addiction as well as the indirect effect of automatic thoughts were moderated by peer attachment. Findings emphasized the beneficial role of peer attachment on the effect of family cohesion and adaptability on automatic thoughts and mobile phone addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Lei Lian
- College of Education and Sports Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Cao
- College of Education and Sports Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Qing-Lu Xiao
- College of Education and Sports Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhu
- College of Education and Sports Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Research Group Milestones of Early Cognitive Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Qing-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
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Zhou H, Liu H, Ma X, Deng Y. The psychometric properties of positive and negative beliefs about the rumination scale in Chinese undergraduates. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:107. [PMID: 37041578 PMCID: PMC10091571 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rumination, a transdiagnostic factor in different psychopathological conditions, is believed to be activated and sustained by dysfunctional metacognition. The Positive Beliefs about Rumination Scale (PBRS) and the Negative Beliefs about Rumination Scale (NBRS) have been used to measure the metacognitive beliefs of rumination and have been investigated in many cultural contexts. However, it remains unclear whether these scales can work as well for the Chinese population. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Chinese versions of these scales and to test the metacognitive model of rumination for students with different levels of depression. METHODS The PBRS and NBRS were forward-backward translated into Mandarin. In total 1,025 college students were recruited to complete a battery of web-based questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis were used to test the structure, validity, and reliability of the two scales, as well as their item correlations with rumination. RESULTS A new two-factor structure of the PBRS (rather than the original one-factor model) and a new three-factor structure of the NBRS (rather than the original two-factor model) were extracted. The goodness-of-fit indices of these two factor models showed they had a good to very good fit with the data. The internal consistency and construct validity of PBRS and NBRS were also affirmed. CONCLUSION The Chinese versions of the PBRS and the NBRS were generally shown to be reliable and valid, but their newly extracted structures fit the Chinese college students better than their original structures. These new models of PBRS and NBRS are of value to be further explored in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggui Zhou
- Psychosomatic Health Research Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Education Center for Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunlong Deng
- Psychosomatic Health Research Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Examining Relations Between Parent and Child Psychopathology in Children with ADHD: Do Parent Cognitions Matter? JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-023-10023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Zhang R, Xie R, Ding W, Wang X, Song S, Li W. Why is my world so dark? Effects of child physical and emotional abuse on child depression: The mediating role of self-compassion and negative automatic thoughts. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 129:105677. [PMID: 35640351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adverse effects of childhood maltreatment on the mental health of individuals have received increasing attention. However, it is unclear whether the effects of invisible emotional abuse and visible physical abuse differ on child depression and the mediating processes under this relationship. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether self-compassion and negative automatic thoughts mediated the effects of physical abuse and emotional abuse on child depression and the underlying mechanistic differences. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Using a two-wave longitudinal design, a total of 946 elementary school students completed the self-report questionnaires at two-time points, including child abuse, self-compassion, negative automatic thoughts, and depression. METHODS This study constructed structural equation models (SEM) to examine the mediating role of self-compassion and negative automatic thoughts between emotional/physical abuse and child depression. RESULTS After controlling for demographic covariates, structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that only physical abuse significantly and positively predicted child depression directly (β = 0.16, p < 0.01). Emotional abuse was positively associated with child depression through self-compassion (β = 0.02, p < 0.05) and negative automatic thoughts (β = 0.02, p < 0.05), while physical abuse influenced child depression only via negative automatic thoughts (β = 0.07, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The findings showed a strong association between emotional/physical abuse and child depression, but there were mechanistic differences under these relationships. Therefore, we also need to pay equal attention to the adverse effects of emotional abuse on children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Parent Education Research Center in Zhejiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ruibo Xie
- Parent Education Research Center in Zhejiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Wan Ding
- Parent Education Research Center in Zhejiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Parent Education Research Center in Zhejiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Shengcheng Song
- Parent Education Research Center in Zhejiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Weijian Li
- Institute of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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Stress events and Changes in Dysfunctional Attitudes and Automatic Thoughts Following Recovery from Depression in Inpatient Psychotherapy: Mediation Analyses with Longitudinal Data. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-021-10280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Stressful event exposure, dysfunctional attitudes (DA), negative automatic thoughts (NAT), and declining positive automatic thoughts (PAT) have been associated with depressive relapse/recurrence. Few studies have investigated the course of these variables and their relevance for relapse/recurrence in remitted depression.
Methods
Following successful inpatient treatment, in 39 remitted depressive patients, stressful events, DA, NAT, PAT, and depressive relapse/recurrence were assessed five times during a 16-month follow-up. Data were analyzed with mixed effect models, and mediation effects were tested.
Results
Stressful events after discharge correlated with depressive relapse/recurrence. This association was mainly mediated by a stress-related decline of PAT within four months post discharge. Patients’ DA were relatively stable during the observation period and did not depend on stressful events, indicating DA as a risk trait for depressive relapse/recurrence. Mediation analyses revealed that independent of stress, DA were linked to depressive relapse/recurrence through more NAT.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest stressful events evoke relapse/recurrence in remitted depression through rapid deterioration of PAT after discharge from inpatient therapy. DA are expressed through NAT which additionally contribute to higher risk of depressive relapse/recurrence. Consequently, maintenance therapy requires techniques to promote the maintenance of PAT, and to effectively restructure DA and NAT.
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Aadahl V, Wells A, Hallard R, Pratt D. Metacognitive Beliefs and Suicidal Ideation: An Experience Sampling Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312336. [PMID: 34886060 PMCID: PMC8656543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to examine the relationship between metacognitive beliefs about suicidal ideation and the content and process of suicidal ideation. This was to examine the potential contribution of the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model (Wells and Matthew, 2015) to suicidal ideation. Twenty-seven participants completed both trait and state-level measures of suicidal ideation, negative affect, defeat, hopelessness, entrapment and metacognitive beliefs. Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM) was adopted to measure state-level measurements with participants invited to complete an online diary up to seven times a day for six days. Multi-level modelling enabled a detailed examination of the relationships between metacognitive beliefs and suicidal ideation. Positive (β = 0.241, p < 0.001) and negative (β = 0.167, p < 0.001) metacognitive beliefs about suicidal ideation were positively associated with concurrent suicidal ideation even when known cognitive correlates of suicide were controlled for. The results have important clinical implications for the assessment, formulation and treatment of suicidal ideation. Novel meta-cognitive treatments targeting beliefs about suicidal ideation are now indicated. A limited range of characteristics reported by participants affects the generalizability of findings. Future research is recommended to advance understanding of metacognition and suicide but results demonstrate an important contribution of the S-REF model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikki Aadahl
- Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health (CeNTrUM), Division of Psychology & Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (A.W.); (R.H.); (D.P.)
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester M25 3BL, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0161-716-2777
| | - Adrian Wells
- Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health (CeNTrUM), Division of Psychology & Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (A.W.); (R.H.); (D.P.)
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester M25 3BL, UK
| | - Robert Hallard
- Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health (CeNTrUM), Division of Psychology & Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (A.W.); (R.H.); (D.P.)
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester M25 3BL, UK
| | - Daniel Pratt
- Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health (CeNTrUM), Division of Psychology & Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (A.W.); (R.H.); (D.P.)
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester M25 3BL, UK
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Zhou H, Dang L, Lam LW, Zhang MX, Wu AM. A cross-lagged panel model for testing the bidirectional relationship between depression and smartphone addiction and the influences of maladaptive metacognition on them in Chinese adolescents. Addict Behav 2021; 120:106978. [PMID: 33971499 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite the high prevalence of both depression and smartphone addiction among Chinese adolescents, research examining their bidirectional relationship has been limited. Moreover, longitudinal research regarding the influence of maladaptive metacognitive beliefs on smartphone addiction is scarce. This 6-month longitudinal study aimed to address these research gaps by testing a cross-lagged panel model of maladaptive metacognition, depression, and smartphone addiction. METHODS Four hundred and fifty-nine Chinese high school students voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire at baseline, and 313 of them (36.1% male; age = 14 to 18; M = 16.88, SD = 0.62) completed the same questionnaire at follow-up. RESULTS Positive correlations were shown among depression, smartphone addiction, and maladaptive metacognition at both waves (r = 0.16 to 0.57, p < .01). The results of the cross-lagged analysis demonstrated only the prospective effect of depression on smartphone addiction (β = 0.18, p < .001) but not vice versa. Moreover, maladaptive metacognition assessed at baseline significantly predicted subsequent depression (β = 0.14, p < .01) but not smartphone addiction (p>.05). Additional path analysis showed a significant indirect effect of baseline maladaptive metacognition (0.099 [95% CI = 0.042, 0.183]) on subsequent smartphone addiction, via depression. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study showed that the relationship between depression and smartphone addiction was unidirectional rather than bidirectional among Chinese adolescents. Specifically, depression predicted smartphone addiction, while maladaptive metacognition predicted depression. Depression also mediated the relationship between maladaptive metacognition and smartphone addiction. The findings suggest that incorporating metacognition and depression interventions into smartphone addiction prevention designs for adolescents may be beneficial.
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Pössel P, Smith E. Integrating Beck's Cognitive Theory of Depression and the Hopelessness Model in an Adolescent Sample. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 48:435-451. [PMID: 31832835 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period in the development of depression. Hence, researching the applicability of cognitive theories in adolescents is crucial. Currently, much remains unknown about how cognitive variables proposed in different theories interplay with one another and whether gender differences in these associations exist. Attempting to integrate Beck's cognitive model and the hopelessness model in adolescents, we conducted a 4-wave study using self-report instruments with 499 adolescents (mean ageTime1 = 15.33 years; SD = 0.75; 63.3% female; 73.7% White, 13.8% Black, 5.4% Latina/o, 4.4% mixed race/ethnicity, and 2.6% other) from a high school where almost one third of the students were eligible for free or reduced lunch. Using AMOS and PROCESS to calculate and compare four different theory-driven models, we found support for an integrated model in which the inferential styles proposed in the hopelessness model are located between cognitive errors and the cognitive triad from Beck's cognitive theory. Further, the individual inferential styles and elements of the cognitive triad are associated differently with each other and other variables in the integrated cognitive model. The gender differences we found were limited and did not form a meaningful pattern. If replicated, the integrated model could be the basis to understand how therapeutic techniques developed to modify cognitive variables proposed in one model can impact cognitive constructs from a different theory. This might make cognitive psychotherapies for depression more effective, as it will allow clinicians to integrate therapeutic techniques based on either of the original theories in one theory-driven treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Pössel
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Louisville, 2301 S. Third Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
| | - Eric Smith
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Louisville, 2301 S. Third Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
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Durak Batıgün A, Şenkal Ertürk İ. COVID-19 associated psychological symptoms in Turkish population: A path model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:2436-2447. [PMID: 34230790 PMCID: PMC8247107 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the mediator roles of risk factors (intolerance of uncertainty, negative metacognition, and negative prospections) and protective factors (positive prospections and psychological resilience) together on the link between COVID-19-related feelings and behaviors, thoughts, and precautions taken and psychological symptoms with an integrative approach in Turkey. The online sample consisted of Turkish adults. The results of path analyses indicated that feelings and behaviors related to COVID-19, thoughts about COVID-19, and precautions taken related to COVID-19 are significantly associated with intolerance of uncertainty. Intolerance of uncertainty is significantly associated with negative metacognition, negative and positive prospections, psychological symptoms, and psychological resilience. Negative metacognition, negative and positive prospections, and psychological resilience are significantly associated with psychological symptoms. Mediation analysis demonstrated that intolerance of uncertainty significantly mediated the relationship between feelings and behaviors related to COVID-19, thoughts about COVID-19, and precautions taken related to COVID-19 and negative metacognition, psychological resilience, positive and negative prospections, and psychological symptoms. Lastly, negative metacognition, psychological resilience, positive and negative prospections significantly mediated the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological symptoms. Implications for mental health providers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Durak Batıgün
- Faculty of Languages History and Geography, Department of Psychology, Ankara University, PC: 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara Turkey
| | - İpek Şenkal Ertürk
- Faculty of Languages History and Geography, Department of Psychology, Ankara University, PC: 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara Turkey
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Parent-peer attachment, negative automatic thoughts and psychological problems among Pakistani adolescents: A moderated mediation model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang MX, Lei LSM, Wells A, Dang L, Wu AMS. Validation of a Chinese version of the short form of Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30). J Affect Disord 2020; 277:417-424. [PMID: 32866800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the short form of Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30), which is an effective tool to assess metacognitive beliefs that have been linked to mental disturbance/disorder. We also tested whether metacognition factors would correlate with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) tendency. METHODS Six hundred and eighty Chinese university students (Mean age=19.72, SD=1.38; 31.9% male) voluntarily completed an anonymous online questionnaire. Using standard translation procedures, the MCQ-30 items were translated from English into Chinese language and then back-translated. Depression, anxiety, and IGD tendency were assessed by validated scales. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results supported the five-factor structure of the MCQ-30, with satisfactory model fit and good reliability. Criterion-related validity was also supported by significant positive correlations between the five factors and depression/anxiety symptoms. All of the five metacognition factors were also significantly correlated with IGD tendency, with positive beliefs about worry and cognitive confidence being the most salient factor after controlling for gender and age. LIMITATIONS This study did not examine the test-retest reliability of this scale, and the generalizability of the findings to other age groups remains unclear. CONCLUSIONS This study showed satisfactory psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the MCQ-30 and is the first to demonstrate a positive association between specific metacognition factors and IGD tendency among Chinese people. The latter finding supports an application of metacognitive therapy to the treatment of behavioral addictions, including IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xuan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, China
| | - Louisa S M Lei
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Adrian Wells
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Le Dang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, China; Faculty of Teacher Education, Pingdingshan University, South Weilai Road, Xinhua District, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, China.
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Capobianco L, Faija C, Husain Z, Wells A. Metacognitive beliefs and their relationship with anxiety and depression in physical illnesses: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238457. [PMID: 32911486 PMCID: PMC7500039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are common among patients with chronic physical illnesses
and have a significant impact on morbidity, quality of life, and health service
utilisation. Psychological treatment of anxiety and depression has small to
moderate efficacy in this group and is not commonly based on a model of causal
mechanisms. A novel approach to understanding and improving mental health
outcomes in physical illnesses is needed. One approach may be to explore the
role of metacognitive beliefs which are reliably associated with anxiety and
depression in individuals with mental health difficulties. The current
systematic review aimed to evaluate the contribution of metacognitive beliefs to
anxiety and depression across physical illnesses. Systematic searches were
conducted on Web of Science, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL of studies
published between 1997 and January 2019. 13 eligible studies were identified
that in sum comprised 2851 participants. Metacognitive beliefs were found to
have reliable, moderate, positive and significant associations with anxiety and
depression symptoms across a range of physical illnesses. There appeared to be
commonality and some specificity in the relationships. Negative metacognitive
beliefs concerned with uncontrollability and danger of worry were associated
with both anxiety and depression across all physical illnesses assessed, whilst
more specific associations emerged for individual medical conditions where
positive beliefs about worry, cognitive confidence and cognitive
self-consciousness were unique correlates. Negative metacognitive beliefs of
uncontrollability and danger significantly and positively predicted symptoms of
anxiety and depression after controlling for factors including age, gender,
disease factors and cognition (illness perceptions and intolerance of
uncertainty). The results suggest that the metacognitive model of psychological
disorder is applicable to psychological symptoms of anxiety and depression
across a range of chronic medical conditions, implying that metacognitive
therapy might be helpful in improving outcomes in multiple morbidities that
involve poor mental and medical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora Capobianco
- Research and Innovation, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation
Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Cintia Faija
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University
of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zara Husain
- Research and Innovation, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation
Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Wells
- Research and Innovation, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation
Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Psychological
Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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15
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Rehman Z, Lopes B, Jaspal R. Predicting self-harm in an ethnically diverse sample of lesbian, gay and bisexual people in the United Kingdom. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2020; 66:349-360. [PMID: 32122180 PMCID: PMC7488821 DOI: 10.1177/0020764020908889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor mental health is prevalent in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people due in part to social stigma. The social, psychological and clinical risk factors for self-harm among LGB people are unclear, which limits our ability to predict when and how this will occur and, crucially, how to prevent it. AIMS Drawing on the cognitive-behavioral approach in clinical psychology, this study identifies the predictors of self-harm in LGB people in the United Kingdom. RESULTS Women, lesbians, those with lower income and younger people were more likely to engage in self-harm. Self-harmers exhibited much more discrimination, LGB victimization and, thus, internalized homophobia and depressive symptomatology than non-self-harmers. The structural equation model showed direct effects of age and gender, and indirect effects of income and sexual orientation, on self-harm, through the mediating variables of discrimination, LGB victimization and internalized homophobia. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with the cognitive-behavioral model, the results indicate that exposure to situational stressors can increase the risk of developing a self-hatred and depressive psychological self-schema, resulting in greater risk of self-harm as a maladaptive coping strategy. An integrative clinical intervention for enhancing psychological wellbeing in LGB people is proposed to mitigate the risk of self-harm in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaqia Rehman
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Barbara Lopes
- CINEICC, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rusi Jaspal
- School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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16
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Hou XL, Bian XH, Zuo ZH, Xi JZ, Ma WJ, Owens LD. Childhood maltreatment on young adult depression: A moderated mediation model of negative automatic thoughts and self-compassion. J Health Psychol 2020; 26:2552-2562. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105320918351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the mediating role of negative automatic thoughts on the link between childhood maltreatment and young adult depression, and the moderating role of self-compassion in this indirect link. College students ( N = 578) completed self-report questionnaires assessing the mentioned study variables. The results showed that childhood maltreatment was positively associated with young adult depression via negative automatic thoughts. Moreover, self-compassion moderated this indirect link such that participants with low self-compassion demonstrated a stronger indirect link than those with high self-compassion. These findings highlight the important role of self-compassion in countering the adverse outcomes of childhood maltreatment.
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17
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Jaspal R, Lopes B, Rehman Z. A structural equation model for predicting depressive symptomatology in Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic gay, lesbian and bisexual people in the UK. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2019.1690560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rusi Jaspal
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
- Minority Research Profile, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Barbara Lopes
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciencias da Educação, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Zaqia Rehman
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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18
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Capobianco L, Heal C, Bright M, Wells A. What Comes First Metacognition or Negative Emotion? A Test of Temporal Precedence. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2507. [PMID: 31803090 PMCID: PMC6877699 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Self-Regulatory Executive Function model predicts that emotional symptoms and metacognition can causally affect each other. Crucially, for the model metacognition must cause emotion disorder symptoms. Therefore, in time-series data involving repeated measurements, metacognitions should predict subsequent changes in emotion. 265 participants completed a questionnaire battery three times over a 2 month period. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using cross-lagged panel analysis tested the inter-relationships between metacognitive beliefs, anxiety and depression symptoms over time. The cross-lagged structural model was a significantly better fit than the autoregressive model. Metacognitive beliefs were found to predict subsequent symptoms of anxiety while symptoms of anxiety predicted later metacognition over different time courses. The metacognition factor representing uncontrollability and danger of thoughts appeared to be prominent in the effects observed. Metacognitions and depression were also positively related over time to a lesser degree, but in the cross-lagged model these temporal relationships were non-significant. This is likely due to low levels of depression within the sample and low variability over time. The findings for anxiety are consistent with the S-REF model and with experimental and prospective studies supporting metacognitive beliefs as a causal mechanism in psychological distress symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora Capobianco
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Calvin Heal
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Division of Population Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Measha Bright
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Wells
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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19
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Faija CL, Reeves D, Heal C, Capobianco L, Anderson R, Wells A. Measuring the Cognitive Attentional Syndrome in Cardiac Patients With Anxiety and Depression Symptoms: Psychometric Properties of the CAS-1R. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2109. [PMID: 31620051 PMCID: PMC6760032 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) is a recent treatment with established efficacy in mental health settings. MCT is grounded in the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model of emotional disorders and treats a negative perseverative style of thinking called the cognitive attentional syndrome (CAS), thought to maintain psychological disorders, such as anxiety and depression. The evaluation of effective psychological therapies for anxiety and depression in chronic physical illness is a priority and research in this area depends on the suitability and validity of measures assessing key psychological constructs. The present study examined the psychometric performance of a ten-item scale measuring the CAS, the CAS-1R, in a sample of cardiac rehabilitation patients experiencing mild to severe symptoms of anxiety and/or depression (N = 440). Participants completed the CAS scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Metacognitions Questionnaire 30 (MCQ-30). The latent structure of the CAS-1R was assessed using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). In addition, the validity of the measure in explaining anxiety and depression was assessed using hierarchical regression. CFA supported a three-factor solution (i.e., coping strategies, negative metacognitive beliefs and positive metacognitive beliefs). CFA demonstrated a good fit, with a CFI = 0.988 and an RMSEA = 0.041 (90% CI = 0.017–0.063). Internal consistency was acceptable for the first two factors but low for the third, though all three demonstrated construct validity and the measure accounted for additional variance in anxiety and depression beyond age and gender. Results support the multi-factorial assessment of the CAS using this instrument, and demonstrate suitability for use in cardiac patients who are psychologically distressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia L Faija
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David Reeves
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR School for Primary Care Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Calvin Heal
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Centre for Biostatistics, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lora Capobianco
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Anderson
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Wells
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom
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20
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Sun X, So SH, Chan RCK, Chiu CD, Leung PWL. Worry and metacognitions as predictors of the development of anxiety and paranoia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14723. [PMID: 31605005 PMCID: PMC6789003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that worry and related negative metacognitions are characteristic in generalized anxiety and paranoia respectively. However, most of these studies did not take into account common co-occurrence of anxiety and paranoia, and longitudinal modelling of the role of worry and metacognitions on the development of anxiety and paranoia is rare. The current study aimed at examining the bidirectional longitudinal relationship between anxiety and paranoia, as well as the importance of worry and metacognitions in the development of these symptoms. Our validated sample consisted of 2291 participants recruited from universities, among whom 1746 participants (76.21%) completed online questionnaires at baseline and at one year, reporting levels of anxiety, paranoia, worry, and negative metacognitions. Structural equation modeling analyses, followed by path comparisons, revealed that anxiety and paranoia mutually reinforced each other over time. Negative metacognitions, rather than worry itself, were contributive to the development of both symptoms over time. Negative metacognitions showed bi-directional relationships with anxiety over the time period assessed and showed uni-directional relationships with paranoia. Clinical implications of our findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Sun
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Suzanne H So
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chui-De Chiu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Patrick W L Leung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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21
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DIREKTÖR CEMALIYE, NURI CAHIT. Personality beliefs as a predictor of smartphone addiction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Beck Lichtenstein M, Dervisevic A, Eg J, Wilson R, Wesselhoeft R. A psychometric evaluation of the automatic thoughts questionnaire in Danish adolescents and emerging adults. NORDIC PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19012276.2019.1604252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Beck Lichtenstein
- Research Unit for E-Mental Health Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Ajla Dervisevic
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University Function), Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Julie Eg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University Function), Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Rhonda Wilson
- Research Unit for E-Mental Health Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rikke Wesselhoeft
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University Function), Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark
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23
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Bostan CM, Maricuțoiu LP, Constantin T. Successful management of automatic dysfunctional thoughts in the context of negative emotions. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2018; 31:686-701. [PMID: 30183344 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2018.1518634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cognitive and affective overloads trigger automatic dysfunctional thoughts and undermine their voluntary management [ADTs; Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: Meridian; Wegner, D. M. (1994). Ironic processes of mental control. Psychology Review, 101(1), 34-52]. Taking into account intense negative emotions as triggers for the ADTs, we explored whether context (i.e., social context) and emotional experience (i.e., emotional intensity) predict the successful management of ADTs. We also examine the moderating role of difficulties in emotional regulation strategies. METHOD Thirty-eight participants wrote in a personal online diary of at least 10 times in 40 weeks. We analyzed the conditions for managing ADTs by means of multilevel in stages models. RESULTS Emotional intensity negatively predicted successful management of ADTs. Attempts to control ADTs and work context positively predicted successful management of ADTs. The negative relation between the emotional intensity and the management of ADTs was stronger as individuals were less aware of their own emotions, and was weaker as they had less clear representations of their own emotions. Superior access to emotion regulation strategies explained a stronger relationship between the work context and the successful management of ADTs. CONCLUSIONS We discuss theoretical and practical implications of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ticu Constantin
- a Department of Psychology , "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University , Iasi , Romania
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24
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Hart TA, Noor SW, Vernon JRG, Kidwai A, Roberts K, Myers T, Calzavara L. Childhood Maltreatment, Bullying Victimization, and Psychological Distress Among Gay and Bisexual Men. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2018; 55:604-616. [PMID: 29190141 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2017.1401972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minority men report higher psychological distress than heterosexual men, including depression and anxiety. Research suggests that these health disparities may be due to the heightened stressors that gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals experience. Some of these stressors occur early on in life, such as childhood abuse and bullying, and may include stressors that are topically related to sexual minority status, such as anti-gay bullying and teasing for gender nonconformity to masculine gender norms. We tested a structural equation model on the association between negative childhood experiences and adult psychological distress among 304 gay and bisexual men. The model fit the data well, and demonstrated an indirect effect of negative childhood experiences on adult psychological distress via dysfunctional thoughts toward oneself. The results integrate the childhood abuse and anti-gay bullying victimization literatures by showing that both forms of adverse childhood experiences are associated with adult psychological distress. The findings suggest the benefit of treatments to reduce negative, dysfunctional thoughts among gay and bisexual men who have experienced adverse childhood events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor A Hart
- a Department of Psychology , Ryerson University and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto
| | - Syed W Noor
- b Department of Psychology, Ryerson University
| | | | | | | | - Ted Myers
- d Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto
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25
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Nordahl H, Nordahl HM, Vogel PA, Wells A. Explaining depression symptoms in patients with social anxiety disorder: Do maladaptive metacognitive beliefs play a role? Clin Psychol Psychother 2018; 25:457-464. [PMID: 29493054 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a major risk factor for developing symptoms of depression. Severity of social anxiety has previously been identified as a risk factor, and cognitive models emphasize dysfunctional schemas and self-processing as the key vulnerability factors underlying general distress in SAD. However, in the metacognitive model, depressive and other symptoms are related to metacognitive beliefs. The aim of this study was therefore to test the relative contribution of metacognitions when controlling for SAD severity and factors postulated in cognitive models. In a cross-sectional design, 102 patients diagnosed with primary SAD were included. We found that negative metacognitive beliefs concerning uncontrollability and danger and low confidence in memory emerged as the only factors explaining depressive symptoms in the regression model, suggesting that metacognitive beliefs are associated with increased depressive symptoms in SAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Nordahl
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,St. Olavs Hospital, Nidaros DPS, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hans M Nordahl
- St. Olavs Hospital, Nidaros DPS, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Patrick A Vogel
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrian Wells
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, UK
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26
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Hjemdal O, Hagen R, Solem S, Nordahl H, Kennair LEO, Ryum T, Nordahl HM, Wells A. Metacognitive Therapy in Major Depression: An Open Trial of Comorbid Cases. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Ryum T, Kennair LEO, Hjemdal O, Hagen R, Halvorsen JØ, Solem S. Worry and Metacognitions as Predictors of Anxiety Symptoms: A Prospective Study. Front Psychol 2017; 8:924. [PMID: 28620338 PMCID: PMC5450809 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Both worry and metacognitive beliefs have been found to be related to the development of anxiety, but metacognitive theory (Wells and Matthews, 1994; Wells, 2009) suggest that metacognitive beliefs may play a more prominent role. The aim of the present prospective study was to examine whether worry, metacognitive beliefs or the interaction between worry and metacognitive beliefs, were the best predictor of anxiety over time, utilizing a longitudinal, prospective study design. An undergraduate student sample (N = 190) was assessed on measures of worry (PSWQ), metacognitive beliefs (MCQ-30) and anxiety (BAI) at three points in time over a 7-month period. A mixed-model analysis revealed that both worry and metacognitive beliefs predicted development of anxiety, independently of each other, with no indication of an interaction-effect (PSWQ * MCQ-30). Further, analyses of the MCQ-30 subscales indicated that negative metacognitive beliefs may be particularly important in the development of anxiety. While gender was correlated with worry, gender predicted anxiety beyond the effect of worry. Taken together, the results imply that both worry and metacognitive beliefs play a prominent role for the development of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truls Ryum
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway
| | | | - Odin Hjemdal
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway
| | - Roger Hagen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway
| | | | - Stian Solem
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway
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28
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Kreitler S. The meaning profiles of anxiety and depression: similarities and differences in two age groups. Cogn Emot 2017; 32:1499-1513. [DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2017.1311248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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29
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Kruger JR, Kim P, Iyer V, Marko-Holguin M, Fogel J, DeFrino D, Gladstone T, Van Voorhees BW. Evaluation of protective and vulnerability factors for depression following an internet-based intervention to prevent depression in at-risk adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2017.1308264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Liu X, Lin X, Zhou Q, Zhou N, Li Y, Lin D. Family and Individual Risk and Protective Factors of Depression among Chinese Migrant Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms. Front Psychol 2017; 8:508. [PMID: 28421024 PMCID: PMC5378708 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Migrant children reached 35.81 million in China and were vulnerable to serious emotional problems including depression. The present study aimed to identify the family and individual risk and protective factors for depression in an at-risk sample of Chinese migrant children. Participants were 368 children (9.47 ± 1.46 years old, 73.4% boys) who had at least one symptom of Oppositional Defiant Disorder symptoms (ODD) and their parents in Mainland China. Risk and protective factors within both family (i.e., family maltreatment and family functioning) and individual (i.e., automatic thoughts and resilience) perspectives. Family maltreatment and negative automatic thoughts served as risk factors in relation to children's depression. Further, automatic thoughts mediated the relationship between family maltreatment and children's depression. Family functioning (cohesion, but bot adaptability) and individual resilience could buffer the effects of risk factors in the Structure Emotion Model such that both cohesion and resilience moderated the relationship between family maltreatment and children's automatic thoughts only. Our findings highlighted the urgent need to decrease risk factors and increase protective factors of both family and child individual characteristics in prevention and intervention depression among migrant children with ODD symptoms in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xiuyun Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Psychology, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nan Zhou
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yanbin Li
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Danhua Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
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31
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Ramos-Cejudo J, Salguero JM. Negative metacognitive beliefs moderate the influence of perceived stress and anxiety in long-term anxiety. Psychiatry Res 2017; 250:25-29. [PMID: 28135644 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Metacognitive theory of emotional disorders (Matthews and Wells, 1994; Wells, 2009) suggests that metacognitive beliefs can play a causal role in the development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms. In this prospective study, we examine the relationships between metacognitive beliefs, perceived stress and anxiety in a non-clinical sample. Participants were 135 undergraduate students who completed a battery of questionnaire at two time points (3- months apart). Results revealed metacognitive beliefs do not predict long-term anxiety independently. However, moderation analyses demonstrated negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger prospectively moderated the relationship between perceived stress and Time 2 anxiety. Negative metacognitive beliefs also interacted with baseline anxiety to predict the change in anxiety symptoms. The results confirm metacognitions play a causal role in anxiety and have implications for cognitive models and the treatment of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ramos-Cejudo
- Dept. Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment II (Differential Psychology). School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Martín Salguero
- Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment. School of Psychology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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Keleş Altun İ, Uysal E, Özkorumak Karagüzel E. Differences between autogenous and reactive obsessions in terms of metacognitions and automatic thoughts. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:2977-2985. [PMID: 29263672 PMCID: PMC5732555 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s151083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions have been classified as autogenous obsessions and reactive obsessions on the basis of the cognitive theory of Lee and Kwon. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between autogenous groups (AG) and reactive groups (RG) in terms of metacognition and automatic thoughts, for the purpose of investigating the differences of cognitive appraisals. METHODS One hundred and thirty-three patients diagnosed with OCD were included in the study as the patient group. A control group was formed of 133 age, gender and education-matched healthy individuals. The OCD group patients were separated into subgroups according to the primary obsessions. The sociodemographic data, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scores of the AG, RG, and control groups were compared. RESULTS The MCQ-30 (total) and the subscales of MCQ-30 and ATQ scale points were seen to be significantly higher in the AG than in the RG and significantly higher in the RG than in the control group. In the reactive obsession group, the predictive variables of the ATQ points were determined to be MCQ-30 (total), BDI and BAI. In the autogenous obsession group, the predictive variables of the ATQ points were determined to be BDI and BAI. CONCLUSION In the current study, differences were determined between the AG and the RG in respect of metacognitions and automatic thoughts. In light of these results, the recommended grouping can be considered useful in the identification of OCD sub-types. There is a need for further studies to identify more homogenous sub-types of OCD. Future multi-centered studies of sub-typing with larger samples using more specific instruments to sub-type and dimensional evaluation will be useful for detailed evaluation and better understanding of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlkay Keleş Altun
- Department of Psychiatry, Kanuni Research and Training Hospital, Trabzon
| | - Emel Uysal
- Department of Psychiatry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Sellers R, Varese F, Wells A, Morrison AP. A meta-analysis of metacognitive beliefs as implicated in the self-regulatory executive function model in clinical psychosis. Schizophr Res 2017; 179:75-84. [PMID: 27670237 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis investigated whether the five metacognitive beliefs implicated in the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model (Wells and Matthews, 1994; Wells and Matthews, 1996) are elevated in people with clinical psychosis compared to people with emotional disorder and non-psychiatric controls. The review followed guidance set-out in the PRISMA statement. Primary analyses compared summary effect sizes on each sub-scale of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ) for people with psychosis and non-psychiatric controls; and people with psychosis and people with emotional disorder. Eleven eligible studies were identified comprised of 568 psychosis participants, 212 emotional disorder participants and 776 non-psychiatric controls. Findings indicated that people with psychosis had higher scores on all sub-scales of the MCQ compared to non-psychiatric controls; and higher scores on the positive beliefs about worry sub-scale compared to people with emotional disorder. This suggests metacognitive beliefs may be associated with the presence of psychological disorder and distress in general, rather than specific diagnoses. Implications for models of psychosis and treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sellers
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester West Mental Health Foundation NHS Trust, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester, M25 3BL, United Kingdom.
| | - Filippo Varese
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Wells
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony P Morrison
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester West Mental Health Foundation NHS Trust, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester, M25 3BL, United Kingdom
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Rojas R, Ilg T, Geissner E, Hautzinger M. Auswirkungen von automatischen Gedanken und psychologischer Flexibilität auf die depressive Symptomatik und Rückfallwahrscheinlichkeit remittiert Depressiver. VERHALTENSTHERAPIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1159/000452920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bailey R, Wells A. Is metacognition a causal moderator of the relationship between catastrophic misinterpretation and health anxiety? A prospective study. Behav Res Ther 2016; 78:43-50. [PMID: 26851713 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Psychological theories have identified a range of variables contributing to health anxiety, including, dysfunctional illness beliefs, catastrophic misinterpretation, somatosensory amplification and neuroticism. More recently, metacognitive beliefs have been proposed as important in health anxiety. This study aimed to test the potential causal role of metacognitive beliefs in health anxiety. A prospective design was employed and participants (n = 105) completed a battery of questionnaire at two time points (6 months apart). Results demonstrated that cognitive, personality and metacognitive variables were bi-variate prospective correlates of health anxiety. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that only metacognitive beliefs emerged as independent and significant prospective predictors of health anxiety. Moderation analysis demonstrated that metacognitive beliefs prospectively moderated the relationship between catastrophic misinterpretation and health anxiety. Follow-up regression analysis incorporating the interaction term (metacognition × misinterpretation) showed that the term explained additional variance in health anxiety. The results confirm that metacognition is a predictor of health anxiety and it is more substantive than misinterpretations of symptoms, somatosensory amplification, neuroticism, and illness beliefs. These results may have major implications for current cognitive models and for the treatment of health anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Bailey
- Division of Clinical Psychology, University of Manchester, Rawnsley Building, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK; School of Health, BB235, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Adrian Wells
- Division of Clinical Psychology, University of Manchester, Rawnsley Building, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
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Fastame MC, Hitchcott PK, Penna MP. Do self-referent metacognition and residential context predict depressive symptoms across late-life span? A developmental study in an Italian sample. Aging Ment Health 2016; 19:698-704. [PMID: 25255033 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2014.962003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is controversial evidence concerning the variables favoring depression in community-dwelling elderly individuals. This study mainly investigates the impact of lifestyle, residential environment, cognitive efficiency and social desirability in predicting self-assessed depressive signs in late adult span. METHOD One hundred forty-nine elders were recruited in Northern Italy and Sardinia - an Italian island characterized by the longevity of people living in the inner areas. Participants were presented a battery of questionnaires assessing cognitive efficiency and self-referent measures of depression, metacognition and social desirability. RESULTS A hierarchical regression analysis showed that residential environment was the most effective predictor of depressive symptoms, along with gardening and spending time for hobbies. In contrast, social desirability and metacognitive scores played a minor role in predicting mental health. An analysis of variance showed that Sardinian elders showed fewer signs of depression than age-matched elders residing in Northern Italy. CONCLUSION The Sardinian residential environment is a strong predictor of preserved mental health in late adulthood. In contrast, self-rated metacognitive efficiency and social desirability play a very marginal role in predicting depression among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Fastame
- a Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
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Solem S, Thunes SS, Hjemdal O, Hagen R, Wells A. A Metacognitive Perspective on Mindfulness: An Empirical Investigation. BMC Psychol 2015; 3:24. [PMID: 26175895 PMCID: PMC4501210 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-015-0081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The primary aim of this study was to explore how metacognition, as implicated in Wells and Matthews’ metacognitive theory of emotional disorder, might relate to the concept of mindfulness, and whether metacognition or mindfulness best predicted symptoms of emotional disorder. Methods Data was collected from 224 community controls on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Revised (OCI-R). Results The MCQ-30 and FFMQ subscales constituted two latent factors which appeared to assess metacognition and mindfulness. The FFMQ subscales nonjudging of inner experience and acting with awareness loaded on metacognition, while observing, nonreacting to inner experience and describing formed a unique mindfulness factor. Metacognition correlated strongly with symptoms of depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Regression analyses found metacognition to be an important predictor of symptoms explaining between 42 % and 49 % of the variance when controlling for age and gender, while mindfulness was a weaker predictor explaining between 0 % and 2 % of the variance in symptoms. Conclusions The structure amongst scales and the pattern of correlations with symptoms were generally consistent with the metacognitive theory which focuses on metacognitive beliefs, enhancing awareness of thoughts and disengaging extended processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stian Solem
- Department of psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway ; St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Susanne Semb Thunes
- Department of psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Department of psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Roger Hagen
- Department of psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrian Wells
- Department of psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway ; Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, England
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Martín J, Padierna A, Unzurrunzaga A, González N, Berjano B, Quintana JM. Adaptation and validation of the Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ-30) in Spanish clinical and nonclinical samples. J Affect Disord 2015; 167:228-34. [PMID: 24997225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The short form of the Metacognitions Questionnaire is a brief multidimensional measure of a range of metacognitive processes and metacognitive beliefs about worry and cognition relevant to vulnerability to and maintenance of emotional disorders. The aim of the study was adapt and validate a Spanish version of the short form of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30) and to evaluate its psychometric properties in clinical and nonclinical samples. METHOD The MCQ-30 was administered to a sample of 316 patients with psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, and eating disorders) and to a sample of 169 individuals belonging to the general population. Instrument reliability (internal consistency), construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis [CFA], convergent validity, known groups) and responsiveness were measured. RESULTS The clinical sample scored the highest on all factors when compared to nonclinical sample. The exploratory factor analysis supported the MCQ׳s original five-factor solution. The CFA suggested a good fit of the model. Correlation with measure of worry demonstrated convergent validity. Known-groups validity was supported by significant differences in the MCQ-30 mean scores according to certain variables, such as educational level and employment status. LIMITATIONS This study did not assess the test-retest reliability. CONCLUSIONS The MCQ-30 has good psychometric properties and can be used to evaluate several dimensions of metacognition in both clinical and nonclinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune Martín
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Angel Padierna
- Department of Psychiatry, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
| | - Anette Unzurrunzaga
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
| | - Nerea González
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
| | - Belén Berjano
- Department of Psychiatry, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José M Quintana
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
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Jauregui P, Urbiola I, Estevez A. Metacognition in Pathological Gambling and Its Relationship with Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology. J Gambl Stud 2015; 32:675-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10899-015-9552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cook SA, Salmon P, Dunn G, Holcombe C, Cornford P, Fisher P. A Prospective Study of the Association of Metacognitive Beliefs and Processes with Persistent Emotional Distress After Diagnosis of Cancer. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2015; 39:51-60. [PMID: 25657483 PMCID: PMC4312385 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-014-9640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two hundred and six patients, diagnosed with primary breast or prostate cancer completed self-report questionnaires on two occasions: before treatment (T1) and 12 months later (T2). The questionnaires included: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; Impact of Events Scale; the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) and the Illness Perceptions Questionnaire-revised. A series of regression analyses indicated that metacognitive beliefs at T1 predicted between 14 and 19 % of the variance in symptoms of anxiety, depression and trauma at T2 after controlling for age and gender. For all three outcomes, the MCQ-30 subscale 'negative beliefs about worry' made the largest individual contribution with 'cognitive confidence' also contributing in each case. For anxiety, a third metacognitive variable, 'positive beliefs about worry' also predicted variance in T2 symptoms. In addition, hierarchical analyses indicated that metacognitive beliefs explained a small but significant amount of variance in T2 anxiety (2 %) and T2 depression (4 %) over and above that explained by demographic variables, T1 symptoms and T1 illness perceptions. The findings suggest that modifying metacognitive beliefs and processes has the potential to alleviate distress associated with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A. Cook
- Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, The Whelan Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB UK
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Peter Salmon
- Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, The Whelan Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB UK
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Graham Dunn
- Centre for Biostatistics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Chris Holcombe
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Philip Cornford
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Peter Fisher
- Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, The Whelan Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB UK
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Halvorsen M, Hagen R, Hjemdal O, Eriksen MS, Sørli ÅJ, Waterloo K, Eisemann M, Wang CEA. Metacognitions and Thought Control Strategies in Unipolar Major Depression: A Comparison of Currently Depressed, Previously Depressed, and Never-Depressed Individuals. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-014-9638-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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