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Wang H, Shen M, Shen X, Liu J, Huang W, Jiang X, Liu H, Zeng S, Nan K, Cai S. An enzyme-free sensing platform for miRNA detection and in situ imaging in clinical samples based on DNAzyme cleavage-triggered catalytic hairpin assembly. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 256:116279. [PMID: 38608496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is demonstrated to be associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases including cancer. Currently, most miRNA detection methods are confined to in vitro detection and cannot obtain information on the temporal and spatial expression of miRNA in relevant tissues and cells. In this work, we established a novel enzyme-free method that can be applied to both in vitro detection and in situ imaging of miRNA by integrating DNAzyme and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) circuits. This developed CHA-Amplified DNAzyme miRNA (CHAzymi) detection system can realize the quantitively in vitro detection of miR-146b (the biomarker of papillary thyroid carcinoma, PTC) ranging from 25 fmol to 625 fmol. This strategy has also been successfully applied to in situ imaging of miR-146b both in human PTC cell TPC-1 and clinical samples, showing its capacity as an alternative diagnostic method for PTC. Furthermore, this CHAzymi system can be employed as a versatile sensing platform for various miRNAs by revising the relevant sequences. The results imply that this system may expand the modality of miRNA detection and show promise as a novel diagnostic tool in clinical settings, providing valuable insights for effective treatment and management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hechen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Minzhe Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xudan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiatong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianfeng Jiang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Su Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kewang Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Gastroenterology Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China.
| | - Sheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China.
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2
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Stewart SL, Withers A, Graham AA, Poss J. Identifying Factors Associated with Bullying Roles Using the interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health (ChYMH) Suite of Instruments. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01698-y. [PMID: 38584249 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Bullying is a common problem amongst school-aged children and youth and is a significant concern for caregivers and teachers. interRAI is an international not-for-profit network of roughly 150 researchers and clinicians from over 35 countries. The main goal of interRAI is to develop and support standardized assessment systems for vulnerable individuals to support care planning, evidence-based clinical decision making, outcome measurement and quality assurance. This study aimed to examine factors associated with bullying roles in a large clinical sample (n = 26,069) using interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health assessments. Findings revealed children who both bullied peers and were victims of bullying (compared to those who were solely bullies, victims, or neither) were more likely to experience interpersonal traumas including witnessing domestic violence, physical and sexual assault; increased risk of self-harm and suicide, depression; more behavioural/externalizing problems; conflict within the school and home contexts; and higher levels of financial, familial, and living instability. The potential causes and implications of these distinctions are discussed. Findings can aid professionals in tailoring preventive measures that could more effectively minimize the incidence and effect of bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Stewart
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1G7, Canada
| | - Abigail Withers
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1G7, Canada.
| | - Alana A Graham
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1G7, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Poss
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G5, Canada
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3
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Takeuchi JS, Fukano K, Kito Y, Yamamoto K, Kimura M. Evaluation of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection reagent LAMPdirect Genelyzer KIT using nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116297. [PMID: 38604076 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The LAMPdirect Genelyzer KIT allows for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva samples with a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method and generates results within 20 min. It has been approved by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency in Japan. In this study, the performance of the LAMPdirect Genelyzer KIT was compared with that of the RT-qPCR reference method using 50 nasopharyngeal swabs and 100 saliva samples. In addition, we evaluated the applicability of an alternative reverse transcriptase and the effects of an inactivation buffer. The total agreement rates were 80.0 % and 82.0 % for nasopharyngeal and saliva samples, respectively. When considering samples at the detection limit (50 copies/reaction) that increases the chance of transmission between humans, the total agreement rates were 100% and 94.1% for nasopharyngeal and saliva samples, respectively. The LAMP method is simple, fast, and inexpensive, making it useful for small medical institutions or rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko S Takeuchi
- Department of Academic-Industrial Partnerships Promotion, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Kento Fukano
- Department of Academic-Industrial Partnerships Promotion, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Kito
- Department of Academic-Industrial Partnerships Promotion, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Kei Yamamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Moto Kimura
- Department of Academic-Industrial Partnerships Promotion, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
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4
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Alrezaihi A, Penrice-Randal R, Dong X, Prince T, Randle N, Semple MG, Openshaw PJM, MacGill T, Myers T, Orr R, Zakotnik S, Suljič A, Avšič-Županc T, Petrovec M, Korva M, AlJabr W, Hiscox JA. Enrichment of SARS-CoV-2 sequence from nasopharyngeal swabs whilst identifying the nasal microbiome. J Clin Virol 2024; 171:105620. [PMID: 38237303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneously characterising the genomic information of coronaviruses and the underlying nasal microbiome from a single clinical sample would help characterise infection and disease. Metatranscriptomic approaches can be used to sequence SARS-CoV-2 (and other coronaviruses) and identify mRNAs associated with active transcription in the nasal microbiome. However, given the large sequence background, unenriched metatranscriptomic approaches often do not sequence SARS-CoV-2 to sufficient read and coverage depth to obtain a consensus genome, especially with moderate and low viral loads from clinical samples. In this study, various enrichment methods were assessed to detect SARS-CoV-2, identify lineages and define the nasal microbiome. The methods were underpinned by Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing and variations of sequence independent single primer amplification (SISPA). The utility of the method(s) was also validated on samples from patients infected seasonal coronaviruses. The feasibility of profiling the nasal microbiome using these enrichment methods was explored. The findings shed light on the performance of different enrichment strategies and their applicability in characterising the composition of the nasal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Malcolm G Semple
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Liverpool, UK; Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Tracy MacGill
- Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging Threats, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, USA
| | - Todd Myers
- Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging Threats, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, USA
| | - Robert Orr
- Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging Threats, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, USA
| | | | - Alen Suljič
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Miša Korva
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Waleed AlJabr
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julian A Hiscox
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Liverpool, UK; Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
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Wu C, Yan L, Zhan Z, Qu R, Wang Y, Zeng X, Yang H, Feng P, Wei Z, Chen P. Biomolecules-mediated electrochemical signals of Cu 2+: Y-DNA nanomachines enable homogeneous rapid one-step assay of lung cancer circulating tumor cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 249:116030. [PMID: 38241796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a straightforward efficient technique for extracting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and a rapid one-step electrochemical method (45 min) for detecting lung cancer A549 cells based on the specific recognition of mucin 1 using aptamers and the modulation of Cu2+ electrochemical signals by biomolecules. The CTCs separation and enrichment process can be completed within 45 min using lymphocyte separation solution (LSS), erythrocyte lysis solution (ELS), and three centrifugations. Besides, the influence of various biomolecules on Cu2+ electrochemical signals is comprehensively discussed, with DNA nanospheres selected as the medium. Three single-stranded DNA sequences were hybridized to form Y-shaped DNA (Y-DNA), creating DNA nanospheres. Upon specific capture of mucin 1 by the aptamer, most DNA nanospheres could form complexes with Cu2+ (DNA nanosphere-Cu2+), significantly reducing the concentration of free Cu2+. Our approach yielded the limit of detection (LOD) of 2 ag/mL for mucin 1 and 1 cell/mL for A549 cells. 39 clinical blood samples were used for further validation, yielding results closely correlated with pathological, computed tomography (CT) scan findings and folate receptor-polymerase chain reaction (FR-PCR) kits. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve displayed an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.960, demonstrating 100% specificity and 93.1% sensitivity for the assay. Taken together, our findings indicate that this straightforward and efficient pretreatment and rapid, highly sensitive electrochemical assay holds great promise for liquid biopsy-based tumor detection using CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zixuan Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Runlian Qu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xianghu Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Haihui Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Pan Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zeliang Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Piaopiao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Out-patient Department, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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6
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Liu C, Shen X, Yan L, Qu R, Wang Y, He Y, Zhan Z, Chen P, Lin F. Controllable self-assembled DNA nanomachine enable homogeneous rapid electrochemical one-pot assay of lung cancer circulating tumor cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115865. [PMID: 38035517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous rapid (45 min) one-pot electrochemical (EC) aptasensor was established to quantitatively detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in lung cancer patients using mucin 1 as a marker. The core of this study is that the three single-stranded DNA (Y1, Y2, and Y3) could be hybridized to form Y-shaped DNA (Y-DNA) and further self-assemble to form DNA nanosphere. The aptamer of mucin 1 could be complementary and paired with Y1, thus disrupting the conformation of the DNA nanosphere. When mucin 1 was present, the aptamer combined specifically with mucin 1, thus preserving the DNA nanosphere structure. Methylene blue (MB) acted as a signal reporter, which could be embedded between two base pairs in the DNA nanosphere to form a DNA nanosphere-MB complex, reducing free MB and resulting in a lower electrochemical signal. The results demonstrated that the linear ranges for mucin 1 and A549 cells were 1 ag/mL-1 fg/mL and 1-100 cells/mL, respectively, with minimum detectable concentrations were 1 ag/mL and 1 cell/mL, respectively. The quantitative analysis of CTCs in 44 clinical blood samples was performed, and the results were consistent with the computerized tomography (CT) images, pathological findings and folate receptor-polymerase chain reaction (FR-PCR) kits. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve exhibited an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.970. The assay revealed 100% specificity and 94.1% sensitivity. It is believed that this electrochemical aptasensor could provide a new approach to detect CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xu Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Runlian Qu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yaqin He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zixuan Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Piaopiao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, Out-patient Department, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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7
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Yokoyama S, Matsuo K, Tanimoto A. Methylation-Specific Electrophoresis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2763:259-268. [PMID: 38347417 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3670-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Methylation of CpG sites in the promoter region of genomic DNA is an important epigenetic modification that plays a critical role in gene regulation, particularly in gene silencing. Epigenetic abnormalities, along with genetic alterations, are implicated in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Numerous studies have investigated the role of epigenetics in cancer using various tools to assess DNA methylation. However, conventional analysis methods for DNA methylation require a large amount of DNA but lack higher sensitivity, making them unsuitable for analysis of samples with high heterogeneity, such as tumor tissues. In this study, we introduce a novel electrophoresis method named "methylation-specific electrophoresis (MSE)," which utilizes a denaturing gradient acrylamide gel. We demonstrate the applicability of the MSE method for DNA methylation analysis of the mucin gene as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Yokoyama
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Kei Matsuo
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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8
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Hannesson HH, Smárason O, Højgaard DRMA, Lauth B, Wessman I, Sigurjónsdóttir SA, Skarphéðinsson G. Evaluating the Interrater Reliability of the Icelandic Version of K-SADS-PL DSM-5. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01644-4. [PMID: 38157097 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) is a valuable tool for diagnosing mental disorders in children and adolescents. Previous studies have examined its interrater reliability, but there is limited information on individual disorders, on the updated DSM-5 version. This study aims to analyse the interrater reliability of the Icelandic translation of K-SADS-PL, DSM-5 version. K-SADS-PL was administered to a clinical sample of outpatients from the Icelandic Anxiety Centre for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults, and The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at Landspítali, the National University Hospital in Reykjavík, Iceland. In total, 135 patients aged 6-18 were included in this study. We assessed the interrater reliability using Cohen's κ, with results ranging from poor to excellent (0.3-1.0), though most disorders showed excellent reliability (κ > 0.75). The Icelandic translation of the DSM-5 K-SADS-PL is generally reliable when used by properly trained post-graduate students, which supports its use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Hektor Hannesson
- Children's Mental Health Center for the Primary Health Care of the Capital Area (Geðheilsumistöð barna Heilsugæslu höfuðborgarsvæðisins), Reykjavík, Iceland.
| | - Orri Smárason
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Davíð R M A Højgaard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bertrand Lauth
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Inga Wessman
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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9
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Gresko SA, Rieselbach M, Corley RP, Hopfer CJ, Stallings MC, Hewitt JK, Rhee SH. Subjective effects as predictors of substance use disorders in a clinical sample: A longitudinal study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 249:110822. [PMID: 37331303 PMCID: PMC10851615 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature on the association between subjective effects (SEs; i.e., how an individual perceives their physiological and psychological reactions to a drug) and substance use disorders (SUDs) is largely limited to community samples. The present study addressed the following aims in a clinical sample: whether SEs predict general versus substance-specific SUD in adolescence and adulthood after controlling for conduct disorder symptoms (CDsymp); whether SEs predict SUDs across drug classes; whether SEs predict change in SUD from adolescence to adulthood; and whether there are racial/ethnic differences in associations. METHODS Longitudinal analyses were conducted using data from a sample of 744 clinical probands recruited from residential and outpatient SUD treatment facilities in CO during adolescence (Mage = 16.26) and re-assessed twice in adulthood (Mages = 22.56 and 28.96), approximately seven and twelve years after first assessment. SEs and CDsymp were assessed in adolescence. SUD severity was assessed at adolescence and twice during adulthood. RESULTS SEs assessed in adolescence robustly predicted general SUD for legal and illegal substances in adolescence and adulthood, whereas CDsymp predicted SUD primarily in adolescence. Higher positive and negative SEs in adolescence were associated with greater SUD severity after controlling for CDsymp, with similar magnitudes. Results indicated cross-substance effects of SEs on SUD. We found no evidence for racial/ethnic differences in associations. CONCLUSIONS We investigated the progression of SUD in a high-risk sample with greater odds of sustained SUD. In contrast to CDsymp, both positive and negative SEs consistently predicted general SUD across substances in adolescence and adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley A Gresko
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States.
| | - Maya Rieselbach
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States
| | - Robin P Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States
| | - Christian J Hopfer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; University of Colorado Denver Medical School, United States
| | - Michael C Stallings
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States
| | - John K Hewitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States
| | - Soo Hyun Rhee
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States
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10
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Wu J, Huang Y, Ding X, Kang L, Wang X, Li D, Cheng W, Liu G, Xue J, Ding S. CPA-Cas12a-based lateral flow strip for portable assay of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in clinical sample. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:234. [PMID: 37481551 PMCID: PMC10362775 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid and accurate identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at an early antibiotic therapy stage would be benefit to disease diagnosis and antibiotic selection. Herein, we integrated cross-priming amplification (CPA) and CRISPR/Cas 12a (designated as CPA-Cas 12a) systems to establish a sensitive and efficient lateral flow assay to detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This assay relies on the CPA isothermal nucleic acid amplification strategy which can amplify the DNA extracted from Staphylococcus aureus and accompanying the indiscriminately trans-cleavage process of Cas 12a/CrRNA duplex after recognizing specific sequence. Taking the advantage of reporter and high turnover Cas 12a activity, a dramatic change in response was achieved to produce a significant increase in the analytical sensitivity. The signal conversion and output were realized using a lateral flow strip to achieve field-deployable detection. Furthermore, this bioassay was accommodated with a microfluidic device to realize automatically portable detection. This proposed assay completed within 30 min with the detection limit of 5 CFU mL-1, was verified by testing bacterial suspension and 202 clinical samples. Given the high sensitivity, specificity and efficiency, this colorimetric readout assay through strip could be further promoted to the clinical diagnosis, clinical medication of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangling Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical Sciences Research Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Lina Kang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical Sciences Research Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical Sciences Research Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Jianjiang Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical Sciences Research Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), college of laboratory medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Zimmerman K, Muñiz V, Snyder M, Elkins GR. Reliability and Validity of the Elkins Hypnotizability Scale within a Clinical Sample. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37399308 PMCID: PMC10403209 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2023.2226179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypnotherapy is used in clinical settings to treat mental and physical health-related conditions. Hypnotic response can be measured through hypnotizability scales to help interventionists personalize treatment plans to suit the patients' individualized hypnotic abilities. Examples of these scales are the Elkins Hypnotizability Scale (EHS) and the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form C (SHSS:C). According to the previous literature, these scales have good discriminating ability and internal consistency (α = 0.85) in collegiate samples, but the psychometric properties of the EHS for a targeted clinical population have not been determined yet. This study assessed said properties, and results showed adequate reliability of the EHS in a targeted clinical sample and strong convergent validity of the EHS to the SHSS:C. The authors conclude that the EHS is a strong and useful measure of hypnotizability that is pleasant, safe, brief, and sensible to individualities in hypnotic ability found in diverse clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Zimmerman
- Mind-Body Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Vanessa Muñiz
- Mind-Body Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Morgan Snyder
- Mind-Body Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Gary R Elkins
- Mind-Body Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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12
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Colasante T, Galarneau E, Speidel R, Suri A, Acland E, Jambon M, Andrade BF, Malti T. Autonomic Arousal, Ethical Guilt, and Externalizing Behavior in Childhood: A Clinical Extension and Replication. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:427-440. [PMID: 36370222 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00988-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Lower autonomic arousal is associated with higher externalizing behavior in childhood but the mechanisms explaining this link are still debated. One possibility is that lower autonomic arousal makes it difficult for children to anticipate or express social emotions, such as ethical guilt rooted in concern for others, thereby increasing their likelihood of externalizing behavior. However, evidence for this social-emotional hypothesis has been limited to community samples. The present study included ethnically diverse samples of 150 typically developing children (Mage = 8.01 years; 50% girls) and 62 children referred for clinically elevated externalizing behavior (Mage = 9.16 years; 16% girls; N = 212). Caregivers reported children's externalizing behavior. Children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured as an indicator of parasympathetic activity in response to hypothetical vignettes depicting externalizing behavior. Children's ethical guilt was coded from semi-structured interviews following each vignette. Greater RSA increases (indicating a low-arousal, rest-and-digest response) were associated with lower ethical guilt. Lower ethical guilt was associated with higher externalizing behavior. A significant indirect effect showed that RSA increases were associated with higher externalizing behavior through relative lapses in ethical guilt. Results were consistent across and within the community and clinical samples. Theoretical and practical implications for clinically elevated externalizing behavior are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Colasante
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Rd, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
| | - Emma Galarneau
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Rd, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Ruth Speidel
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Rd, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Anjali Suri
- Child, Youth and Emerging Adult Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Erinn Acland
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marc Jambon
- Department of Psychology, Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Brendan F Andrade
- Child, Youth and Emerging Adult Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tina Malti
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Rd, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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13
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Matsuo Y. Full-Length 16S rRNA Gene Analysis Using Long-Read Nanopore Sequencing for Rapid Identification of Bacteria from Clinical Specimens. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2632:193-213. [PMID: 36781730 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2996-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene is a practical and reliable measure for taxonomic profiling of bacterial communities. This chapter describes the detailed workflow for full-length 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis using nanopore sequencing and bioinformatics pipelines to analyze nanopore sequencing data for taxonomic assignment. This approach offers a higher taxonomic resolution for bacterial identification from clinical specimens with a markedly reduced timeframe and improved versatility.
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14
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Rodríguez-Blanco L, Carballo JJ, de León S, Baca-García E. User profiles of electronic ecological momentary assessment in outpatient child and adolescent mental health services. Span J Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 16:5-10. [PMID: 32446867 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electronic ecological momentary assessment (EMA) can provide precise information regarding day-to-day functioning of patients overcoming some of the limitations of usual clinical evaluation; however adherence to this methodology might be a major threat. Research and application of EMA concerning clinical settings remains scant. Our goal was to study the user profiles of EMA in a clinical sample of adolescents. MATERIAL AND METHODS 209 adolescents following an outpatient mental health treatment accepted to use EMA. They were evaluated in different sociodemographic and clinical variables as well as the use that they made of EMA. RESULTS 39.7% of patients were considered users and 60.3% non-active users. Certain self-harm behaviours were more common in the group of active users, while hyperkinetic disorders were more common in the group of non-active users. A regression analysis revealed that non-suicidal self-injury (OR=2.99) and hyperkinetic disorders (OR=0.51) were related to the use of EMA. CONCLUSION This preliminary study adds novel and promising information about EMA use in clinical practice. Adolescents with self-harm behaviours EMA seem more prone to use this tool. Our study provides support for actively monitoring self-harm behaviours with EMA. Future studies might consider a comprehensive analysis of adherence and EMA data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Rodríguez-Blanco
- General Hospital of Villalba, Carretera de Alpedrete a Moralzarzal M-608 Km 41, 28400 Collado Villalba, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan J Carballo
- Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Madrid Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; CIBERSAM, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Baca-García
- General Hospital of Villalba, Carretera de Alpedrete a Moralzarzal M-608 Km 41, 28400 Collado Villalba, Madrid, Spain; CIBERSAM, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Jiménez Díaz Foundation University Hospital, Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Infanta Elena University Hospital, Av. de los Reyes Católicos 21, 28342 Valdemoro, Madrid, Spain; Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Madrid Autonomous University, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile; Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nimes, Nimes, France
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15
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Xia Y, Huang Z, Chen T, Xu L, Zhu G, Chen W, Chen G, Wu S, Lan J, Lin X, Chen J. Sensitive fluorescent detection of exosomal microRNA based on enzymes-assisted dual-signal amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 209:114259. [PMID: 35421672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) in exosomes offers significant information for a rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of cancer. However, the clinical utility of miRNAs as biomarkers is often hampered by their low abundance in exosomes. Herein, we develop a dual-signal amplification biosensor for the sensitive detection of exosomal miRNA-21 (miR-21). In the presence of a cognate target, it hybridizes with a biotin-modified capture probe (Cp) to form a DNA-RNA heteroduplex that serves as a substrate for duplex-specific nuclease (DSN). With the assistance of DSN, the Cps are enzymatically hydrolyzed and numerous DNA catalysts are released, leading to the first signal amplification. After magnetic isolation, the DNA catalyst remaining in the supernatant triggers a strand displacement reaction based on the nicking-assisted reactant recycling strategy, without depleting the reactants, to implement the second signal amplification. Using this dual-signal amplification concept, our biosensor achieves a limit of detection of miR-21 of 0.34 fM, with a linear range of 0.5-100 fM. The receiver operating characteristic curve generated during clinical sample analysis indicates that the exosomal miR-21 outperforms serum carcinoembryonic antigen in discriminating between patients with gastric cancer (GC) and patients with precancerous (PC) lesions (area under the curve: 0.89 versus 0.74, n = 40). Moreover, the proposed biosensor exhibits an 83.9% accuracy in classifying patients with GC or PC lesions and healthy donors using a confusion matrix. Furthermore, patients with GC with or without metastases are discriminated using the proposed biosensor. Our technology may expand the applications of DNA-based biosensor-enabled cancer diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaokun Xia
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350108, PR China
| | - Zening Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Tingting Chen
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province PR China, 350108, PR China
| | - Lilan Xu
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province PR China, 350108, PR China
| | - Gengzhen Zhu
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province PR China, 350108, PR China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province PR China, 350108, PR China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province PR China, 350108, PR China
| | - Shuxiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350108, PR China
| | - Jianming Lan
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province PR China, 350108, PR China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350108, PR China.
| | - Jinghua Chen
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province PR China, 350108, PR China.
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16
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Scherbaum N, Seiffert F, Schifano F, Specka M, Bonnet U, Bender S. High lifetime, but low current, prevalence of new psychotropic substances (NPS) use in German drug detoxification treatment young inpatients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110144. [PMID: 33091544 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last 15 years, a large number of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has been identified, with their use being associated with a range of acute medical and psychopathological complications. Conversely, NPS addictive liability levels have not been systematically assessed in clinical populations. AIMS OF THE STUDY Investigating the lifetime and current prevalence of NPS use in a sample of substance use disorder (SUD) patients admitted to an inpatient detoxification treatment centre. METHODS Assessment of previous/current NPS intake carried out with the means of standardised questionnaire based on the European version of Addiction Severity Index. RESULTS Some 206 patients (males 77.1%; average age: 30.7 years-old; most typical diagnosis: opioid/polydrug dependence) participated to the survey. Roughly half (e.g. 111/206; 53.9%) of them reported a lifetime use of NPS, most typically synthetic cannabinoids. Conversely, the current prevalence of NPS use was 2.9%; no NPS dependence condition was diagnosed. Among NPS users, 56.3% reported severe side-effects such as heavy anxiety or psychotic experience, and 64% reported an aversion of ever using the respective NPS again, whilst 84.3% of those reporting a single NPS intake reported an aversion. DISCUSSION The sharp contrast between lifetime prevalence of NPS use and prevalence of current use might be explained by the high frequency of severe side effects reported by NPS users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Scherbaum
- LVR-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Seiffert
- LWL-Klinik Marsberg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Marsberg, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Schifano
- University of Hertfordshire, 'Psychopharmacology, Substance Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances' Research Unit, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Specka
- LVR-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Udo Bonnet
- LVR-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany
| | - Stefan Bender
- LWL-Klinik Marsberg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Marsberg, Germany
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17
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Cleare S, Wetherall K, Eschle S, Forrester R, Drummond J, O'Connor RC. Using the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour to differentiate those with and without suicidal intent in hospital treated self-harm. Prev Med 2021; 152:106592. [PMID: 34538374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Self-harm is a major public health concern. In order to respond to self-harm effectively, it is important to understand the factors associated with self-harm with and without suicidal intent. To this end, we investigated psychological factors selected from the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour in individuals who had recently been admitted to hospital for self-harm, with the aim of examining the characteristics of those who expressed intent to die versus those without suicidal intent. Individuals (n = 500, 60.6% female) admitted to two hospitals in central Scotland following self-harm with (suicide attempt [SA] group, n = 336) or without (non-suicidal self-harm [NSSH] group, n = 164) suicidal intent completed a range of psychological measures. Over half of the participants reported previous episodes of self-harm (SA, n = 239, 71.1%; NSSH, n = 91, 55.5%). Univariate analyses revealed that the SA and NSSH groups differed on some of the psychological measures with higher depressive symptoms, defeat, entrapment, acquired capability and impulsivity in the SA compared to the NSSH group. In the multivariate model, suicidal ideation, defeat, internal entrapment and perceived burdensomeness independently differentiated between the groups. These findings highlight the complex profiles of individuals presenting at hospital with self-harm and emphasise the need to investigate differences between subtypes of self-harm in order to support individuals optimally. Applying frameworks such as the IMV model to further understanding of self-harm might assist in the development of targeted psychological interventions to reduce risk of repeat self-harm or suicide.
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Zsido AN, Varadi-Borbas B, Arato N. Psychometric properties of the social interaction anxiety scale and the social phobia scale in Hungarian adults and adolescents. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:171. [PMID: 33771109 PMCID: PMC7995698 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although social anxiety disorder is one of the most frequent disorders, it often remained unrecognized. Utilizing brief, yet reliable screening tools, such as the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS-6) and the Social Phobia Scale (SPS-6) are helping to solve this problem in parts of Western Europe and the US. Still some countries, like Hungary, lag behind. For this purpose, previous studies call for further evidence on the applicability of the scales in various populations and cultures, as well as the elaborative validity of the short forms. Here, we aimed to provide a thorough analysis of the scales in five studies. We employed item response theory (IRT) to explore the psychometric properties of the SIAS-6 and the SPS-6 in Hungarian adults (n = 3213, age range:19-80) and adolescents (n = 292, age range:14-18). RESULTS In both samples, IRT analyses demonstrated that the items of SIAS-6 and SPS-6 had high discriminative power and cover a wide range of the latent trait. Using various subsamples, we showed that (1) the scales had excellent convergent and divergent validity in relation to domains of anxiety, depression, and cognitive emotion regulation in both samples. Further, that (2) the scales discriminated those with a history of fainting or avoidance from those without such history. Lastly, (3) the questionnaires can discriminate people diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (n = 30, age range:13-71) and controls. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the questionnaires are suitable for screening for SAD in adults and adolescents. Although the confirmation of the two-factor structure may be indicative of the validity of the "performance only" specifier of SAD in DSM-V, the high correlation between the factors and the similar patter of convergent validity might indicate that it is not a discrete entity but rather a part of SAD; and that SAD is latently continuous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras N. Zsido
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, 6, Ifjusag street, Pécs, Baranya H-7624 Hungary
| | - Brigitta Varadi-Borbas
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Arato
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, 6, Ifjusag street, Pécs, Baranya H-7624 Hungary
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Shaban M, Ghaffary S, Hanaee J, Karbakhshzadeh A, Soltani S. Synthesis and characterization of new surface modified magnetic nanoparticles and application for the extraction of letrozole from human plasma and analysis with HPLC-fluorescence. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113659. [PMID: 33176243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Acetic acid-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles modified by (3-amino-propyl)-tri-ethoxy silane was synthesized and used as a new solid-phases adsorbent. Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Electrophoretic Light Scattering (ELS) were used to characterize the modified nanoparticles. The molecular interaction between letrozole and nanoparticles (NPs) was studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The developed nanoparticles were applied for dispersive solid-phase extraction of letrozole (an anticancer drug) from human plasma. Extracted letrozole was quantified using an isocratic HPLC/FL method. The extraction efficiency was optimized using one experiment at a time optimization method based on the adsorbent quantity, sample pH, adsorption time, desorption time, and elution solvent type/volume. The analysis method was fully validated according to the FDA guideline for bioanalytical method validation. The linear quantification range was 0.01-1 μg/mL and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.01 μg/mL. Plasma samples of 6 patients were analyzed and the measured letrozole concentrations range was 0.04-0.31 μg/mL. The newly synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were used successfully for the extraction of letrozole from spiked and clinical plasma samples. The developed method is a precise and simple method that is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Shaban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medicinal Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Ghaffary
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Hanaee
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medicinal Science, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayda Karbakhshzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medicinal Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somaieh Soltani
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medicinal Science, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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20
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Jarjees KK. Molecular detection of type III secretory toxins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2020; 66:9-14. [PMID: 33040805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been known as a common unscrupulous pathogen that reasons cause nosocomial infections in patients with immunocompromise. Infection with multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in many patients is a public health problem. The bacterium causes urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin inflammation and inflammation, soft tissue infections, bacteremia, bone and joint infections, gastrointestinal infections and various systemic infections, especially in patients with severe burns, cancer and AIDS, whose immune systems are suppressed. Among diverse virulence factors, the type III secretion system is known as a significant agent in virulence and development of antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa. A total of 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa were gathered from burn wound and milk specimens. Documentation and antimicrobial susceptibility evidence were performed using the VITEK 2 system. Multiplex PCR was done to detect the secretion toxins-encoding genes. Out of 50 samples: 45/225 (20%) burn wound and 6/120 (5%) raw milk samples were found positive for P. aeruginosa. The multiplex PCR analysis of ExoT and ExoY genes showed that all P. aeruginosa 50 (100%) were positive. The occurrence of the ExoS and ExoU genes was 97.7% and 86.6% among clinical isolates while none of the raw milk isolates harbored the ExoU gene and 60% of them carried the ExoS gene. The results found 20 (40%) of isolates were multidrug resistance and the most effective antibiotics against clinical isolates were Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem. The aim of this study was to prevalence the exotoxin genes encoded type III secretion system and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical and raw milk specimens.
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Liu ZJ, Yang LY, Wei QX, Ye CL, Xu XW, Zhong GX, Zheng YJ, Chen JY, Lin XH, Liu AL. A novel ligase chain reaction-based electrochemical biosensing strategy for highly sensitive point mutation detection from human whole blood. Talanta 2020; 216:120966. [PMID: 32456905 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Challenged by the detection of trace amounts of mutants and disturbance from endogenous substances in clinical samples, herein, we present a novel electrochemical biosensor based on ligase chain reaction (eLCR) via the thermostable ligase with high mutation recognizing ability. The lengthened double-stranded DNAs exponentially generated via LCR were uniformly distributed on a bovine serum albumin-modified gold electrode, in which the phosphate buffer was tactfully added to remove adsorbed uninterested-probes, and thereafter the amperometry current was collected for the specific binding of streptavidin-poly-HRP and subsequent catalysis in the 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine substrate that contained hydrogen peroxide. It found that, under optimized conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited a high selectivity of mutant targets from the 104-fold excess of co-existent wild targets within a detection limit of 0.5 fM. Impressively, without the involvement of pre-PCR, the homozygous mutants were specifically distinguished from the wild genotype of CYP2C19*2 allele in human whole blood samples. Therefore, the proposed eLCR, due to its advantages in simple primer design, operational ease and ease of miniaturization, has demonstrated its considerable potential for point-of-care testing in the diagnosis of point mutation-related diseases and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Jie Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Liang-Yong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Qing-Xia Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Chen-Liu Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xiong-Wei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Guang-Xian Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Xin-Hua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Arnoldussen M, Steensma TD, Popma A, van der Miesen AIR, Twisk JWR, de Vries ALC. Re-evaluation of the Dutch approach: are recently referred transgender youth different compared to earlier referrals? Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:803-11. [PMID: 31473831 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The background of this article is to examine whether consecutively transgender clinic-referred adolescents between 2000 and 2016 differ over time in demographic, psychological, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics. The sample under study consisted of 1072 adolescents (404 assigned males, 668 assigned females, mean age 14.6 years, and range 10.1-18.1 years). The data regarding the demographic, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics were collected from the adolescents' files. Psychological functioning was measured by the Child Behaviour Check List and the Youth Self-Report, intensity of gender dysphoria by the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale. Time trend analyses were performed with 2016 as reference year. Apart from a shift in sex ratio in favour of assigned females, no time trends were observed in demographics and intensity of dysphoria. It was found, however, that the psychological functioning improved somewhat over time (CBCL β - 0.396, p < 0.001, 95% CI - 0.553 to - 0.240, YSR β - 0.278, p < 0.001, 95% CI - 0.434 to - 0.122). The percentage of referrals diagnosed with gender dysphoria (mean 84.6%, range 75-97.4%) remained the same. The percentage of diagnosed adolescents that started with affirmative medical treatment (puberty suppression and/or gender-affirming hormones) did not change over time (mean 77.7%; range 53.8-94.9%). These findings suggest that the recently observed exponential increase in referrals might reflect that seeking help for gender dysphoria has become more common rather than that adolescents are referred to gender identity services with lower intensities of gender dysphoria or more psychological difficulties.
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Berle D, Starcevic V, Viswasam K, Milicevic D, Hannan A, Brakoulias V, Steel Z. Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Nepean Dysphoria Scale in a Clinical Sample. Psychiatr Q 2018; 89:621-9. [PMID: 29404831 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-018-9564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The construct of dysphoria has been described inconsistently across a broad range of psychopathology. The term has been used to refer to an irritable state of discontent, but is also thought to incorporate anger, resentment and nonspecific symptoms associated with anxiety and depression, such as tension and unhappiness. The Nepean Dysphoria Scale has been developed to allow assessment of dysphoria, but its factor structure has not yet been investigated in clinical samples. We aimed to determine the latent structure of dysphoria as reflected by the Nepean Dysphoria Scale, using a clinical sample. Adults (N = 206) seeking treatment at a range of mental health services were administered the Nepean Dysphoria Scale. Four putative factor structures were investigated using confirmatory factor analysis: a single-factor model, a hierarchical model, a bifactor model and a four-factor model as identified in previous studies. No model fit the data except for a four-factor model when a revised 22-item version of the original 24-item scale was investigated. A four-factor structure similar to that identified in non-clinical samples was supported, albeit following the removal of two items. The Nepean Dysphoria Scale appears to have utility for the assessment of dysphoria in routine clinical settings.
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Abstract
CONTEXT Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a known nosocomial pathogen which is intrinsically resistant to multiple antibiotics. In India, S. maltophilia infection has only few case reports. AIM To determine the incidence of S. maltophilia infection from clinical isolates based on the specimen type, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and impact on outcome. SETTINGS AND DESIGN One-year retrospective study was done at a tertiary liver care center. METHODS Patients with S. maltophilia isolation in clinical samples were selected. Serial levels of serum procalcitonin and total leukocyte count were recorded. Environmental surveillance was done from the wards of S. maltophilia isolation as part of routine practice. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Continuous data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test/Mann-Whitney test. The categorical data were compared by Chi-square/Fisher's exact test, wherever necessary. Besides this, an appropriate analysis like survival was carried out at the time of data analysis. RESULTS One hundred isolates were obtained from eighty patients of six wards. The greatest number (44/100, 44%) were from the Liver Coma Intensive Care Unit and the lowest (3/100) from the day care. Isolation from the respiratory samples was 1.32% and bloodstream infection 0.6%. Of 100 isolates, 12 (12%) were resistant to both trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin. CONCLUSION S. maltophilia was effectively isolated from the hospital environment, with two of hand impression and three of water samples' positive. Patients with respiratory infection had most S. maltophilia isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility revealed more resistance than reported in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradheer Gupta
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratibha Kale
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Khillan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Farré-Sender B, Torres A, Gelabert E, Andrés S, Roca A, Lasheras G, Valdés M, Garcia-Esteve L. Mother-infant bonding in the postpartum period: assessment of the impact of pre-delivery factors in a clinical sample. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018; 21:287-297. [PMID: 29046965 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-017-0785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the extent to which a variety of pre-delivery factors (demographic, reproductive, psychological, psychiatric, and psychopathological) predict disturbances in mother-infant bonding (MIB) in the postpartum period. Two hundred fifty-one pregnant women enrolled at a public perinatal psychiatric service were assessed between the first and second trimester of pregnancy and at 6-7 weeks after delivery. During pregnancy, the psychological risk factors were assessed with the Vulnerable Personality Style Questionnaire, the Marital Adjustment Scale, the Early Trauma Inventory, and the General Health Questionnaire. To detect psychopathology, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used. At the postpartum evaluation, MIB was measured by the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire. The results of the final regression model showed that emotional abuse in childhood, family psychiatric history, previous psychiatric hospitalization, and anxiety during pregnancy were significant predictors of MIB disturbances in postpartum, explaining 10.7% of the variance. The evaluation of women's risk factors in pregnancy is important in order to prevent MIB disturbances and thus to ensure the welfare of mothers and their babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Farré-Sender
- Perinatal Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Clinic, C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Psychosomatics, Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Torres
- Perinatal Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Clinic, C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Vulnerability, Psychopathology and Gender research group (SGR2014/1411), Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estel Gelabert
- Neuropsychopharmacology Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Andrés
- Perinatal Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Clinic, C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Roca
- Perinatal Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Clinic, C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gracia Lasheras
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Psychosomatics, Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Valdés
- Vulnerability, Psychopathology and Gender research group (SGR2014/1411), Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluïsa Garcia-Esteve
- Perinatal Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Clinic, C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Vulnerability, Psychopathology and Gender research group (SGR2014/1411), Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalonia, Spain
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Balázs J, Győri D, Horváth LO, Mészáros G, Szentiványi D. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and nonsuicidal self-injury in a clinical sample of adolescents: the role of comorbidities and gender. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:34. [PMID: 29409473 PMCID: PMC5801900 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) with special focus on the role of comorbidities and gender in a clinical sample of adolescents with both a dimensional and a categorical approach to psychopathology. METHODS Using a structured interview, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Kid and a self-rated questionnaire, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory, the authors examined 202 inpatient adolescents (aged: 13-18 years) in the Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, Budapest, Hungary. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test and mediator model were used. RESULTS Fifty-two adolescents met full criteria for ADHD and a further 77 showed symptoms of ADHD at the subthreshold level. From the 52 adolescents diagnosed with ADHD, 35 (67.30%) had NSSI, of whom there were significantly more girls than boys, boys: n = 10 (28.60%), girls: n = 25 (71.40%) ((χ2(1) = 10.643 p < .001 ϕ = .452). Multiple mediation analyses resulted in a moderated mediation model in which the relationship between symptoms of ADHD and the prevalence of current NSSI was fully mediated by the symptoms of comorbid conditions in both sex. Significant mediators were the symptoms of affective and psychotic disorders and suicidality in both sexes and the symptoms of alcohol abuse/dependence disorders in girls. CONCLUSIONS ADHD symptoms are associated with an increased risk of NSSI in adolescents, especially in the case of girls. Our findings suggest that clinicians should routinely screen for the symptoms of ADHD and comorbidity, with a special focus on the symptoms of affective disorders and alcohol abuse/dependence psychotic symptoms to prevent NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Balázs
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest, 1064, Hungary. .,Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Győri
- 0000 0001 2294 6276grid.5591.8Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary
| | - Lili Olga Horváth
- 0000 0001 2294 6276grid.5591.8Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary ,0000 0001 2294 6276grid.5591.8Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Mészáros
- Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital, Budapest, Hungary ,0000 0001 0942 9821grid.11804.3cSemmelweis University, School of Ph.D. Studies, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Szentiványi
- 0000 0001 2294 6276grid.5591.8Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary ,0000 0001 2294 6276grid.5591.8Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Andreas S, Schedler K, Schulz H, Nutzinger DO. Evaluation of a German version of a brief diagnosis questionnaire of symptoms of orthorexia nervosa in patients with mental disorders (Ortho-10). Eat Weight Disord 2018; 23:75-85. [PMID: 29294251 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-017-0473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In recent years, a new term-orthorexia nervosa (ON)-has been introduced in the field of clinical assessment and psychotherapy. Orthorexia nervosa is defined as a fixation on healthy food and a pathological obsession to eat food with more natural, higher quality ingredients. Although instruments to measure ON are available, no study on the psychometric properties of the original developed instrument by Bratman (Orthorexia nervosa: Overcoming the obsession with healthful eating, Broadway Books, New York, 2000) in a large clinical sample exists until now. METHODS The study was conducted in a large clinic in Germany. The study sample consisted of N = 1122 inpatients, 70% were female, and the mean age was 41 years (SD = 14 years). The main diagnoses at the end of treatment were affective disorders (46%), followed by eating disorders (13%), anxiety disorders (10%), and personality disorders (10%). The patients filled out several instruments, like the Ortho-10, the 10-item version of the orthorexia nervosa instrument, and other construct-related, disorder-specific and construct-distant instruments. RESULTS The exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure: an eating disorder-specific factor and an orthorexia-nervosa specific factor. The eating disorder factor showed good convergent and discriminative validity in which patients with eating disorders and those without could correctly be classified. However, the orthorexia-nervosa specific factor revealed no informational gain compared to the eating disorder-specific factor in this clinical sample. CONCLUSIONS Further investigation is necessary to approach the concept of ON and its sense in clinical samples. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II: evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylke Andreas
- Institute of Psychology, Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, Universitätsstr. 65-67, 9020, Klagenfurt, Austria.
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Psychology, University of Witten, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Schedler
- Medizinisch-Psychosomatische Klinik Bad Bramstedt, Schön-Kliniken, Birkenweg 10, 24576, Bad Bramstedt, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Detlev O Nutzinger
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
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Curry I, Luk JW, Trim RS, Hopfer CJ, Hewitt JK, Stallings MC, Brown SA, Wall TL. Impulsivity Dimensions and Risky Sex Behaviors in an At-Risk Young Adult Sample. Arch Sex Behav 2018; 47:529-536. [PMID: 28884246 PMCID: PMC6067112 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-017-1054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity is a personality-based risk factor that has been well studied in relation to risky sexual behavior. Recent conceptualizations of impulsivity have proposed multidimensional facets comprised of premeditation, perseverance, sensation seeking, negative urgency, and positive urgency (UPPS-P model). Prior studies have found that these facets are associated with risky sexual behavior in adolescent and college student samples, but no prior studies have evaluated them in clinical samples. The current study examined how impulsivity-related traits related to two different risky sexual behaviors in a clinical sample of at-risk young adults who had both conduct disorder and substance use disorder symptoms as adolescents (n = 529). Lack of premeditation was also tested as a moderator of the relationship between facets of impulsivity and both risky sex outcomes. Results demonstrated that sensation seeking, negative urgency, and positive urgency were correlated with risky sex behaviors. Additionally, multiple regression analyses indicated that sensation seeking was uniquely associated with the number of sexual partners in the past 5 years, whereas positive urgency was uniquely associated with unprotected sex while under the influence. Finally, a significant interaction between lack of premeditation and negative urgency suggests that at-risk young adults with both high negative urgency and lack of premeditation were the likeliest to have the most sexual partners in the past 5 years. This study adds to the current understanding of the relationship between reward- and affect-driven facets of impulsivity and risky sexual behaviors and may lend utility to the development of interventions for at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Curry
- V.A. San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive (116B), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Jeremy W Luk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive (116B), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Health Behavior Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryan S Trim
- V.A. San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive (116B), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Christian J Hopfer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado, Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - John K Hewitt
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Michael C Stallings
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Sandra A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive (116B), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Tamara L Wall
- V.A. San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive (116B), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
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Zullo L, Horton S, Eaddy M, King J, Hughes J, Diederich A, Kennard B, Emslie G, Stewart S. Adolescent insomnia, suicide risk, and the interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:242-8. [PMID: 28780282 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although insomnia has been repeatedly linked with suicide ideation, the reason for the linkage is not clear. The Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) proposes that three core variables (thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability) are the final common pathway for all risk factors for suicide ideation and behavior. Recent research has suggested that insomnia may be associated with suicide ideation independently of the IPTS. We examined cross-sectional data from 151 psychiatric inpatients (ages 12-17) to determine if the association between insomnia symptoms and a continuous measure of suicide risk (measured as increasingly severe ideation and plan) was explained by the framework of the IPTS. When all IPTS variables and depressive symptoms were included in the model, insomnia symptoms did not contribute unique variance to suicide risk. Perceived burdensomeness and depressive symptoms were found to explain the relationship between insomnia symptoms and suicide risk. Our findings suggest that improved sleep might reduce suicide risk, that management of interpersonal need cognitions might reduce risk in the presence of insomnia symptoms, and reinforce the independent role of depressive symptoms in suicide risk in clinical samples of adolescents.
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Mala W, Faksri K, Samerpitak K, Yordpratum U, Kaewkes W, Tattawasart U, Chomvarin C. Antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of the SXT element in Vibrio cholerae from clinical and environmental water samples in northeastern Thailand. Infect Genet Evol 2017; 52:89-95. [PMID: 28412524 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance in V. cholerae has been increasing around the world including northeastern Thailand. The aquatic environment is a reservoir of V. cholerae and might be an important source of resistant strains. The aims of this study were to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of intSXT gene sequences from 31 clinical and 14 environmental V. cholerae O1 and non-O1/non-O139 isolates and 11 sequences amplified directly from environmental water samples. We also amplified class 1 integrons, the SXT elements (targeting the intSXT gene) and antimicrobial resistance genes directly from water samples. Phylogenetic analysis displayed two major distinct clusters (clusters 1 and 2). Most V. cholerae O1 (19/20, 95%) and non-O1/non-O139 isolates (8/11, 72.7%) from clinical sources, and all sequences obtained directly from water samples, belonged to cluster 1. Cluster 2 mostly comprised environmental non-O1/non-O139 isolates (10/12, 83.3%). We successfully amplified the SXT elements directly from17.5% of water samples. Associated resistance genes were also amplified as follows: sul2 (41.3% of water samples), dfrA1 (60%), dfr18 (33.8%), strB (70%) and tetA (2.5%). Class 1 integrons were not found in water samples, indicating that the SXT element was the major contributor of multidrug resistance determinants in this region. The SXT element and antimicrobial resistance genes could be transferred from clinical V. cholerae O1 to environmental V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 was demonstrated by conjugation experiment. These findings indicate that there may have been cross dissemination and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of the SXT element harbored by V. cholerae O1 and non-O1/non-O139 strains isolated from clinical and environmental water sources. Environmental water might be an important source of antimicrobial resistance genes in V. cholerae in this region. Direct detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in water samples can be used for monitoring the spread of such genes in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanida Mala
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kiatichai Faksri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kittipan Samerpitak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Umaporn Yordpratum
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wanlop Kaewkes
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Unchalee Tattawasart
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chariya Chomvarin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Villadsen A, Thorgaard MV, Hybel KA, Jensen JS, Thomsen PH, Rask CU. Health anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents diagnosed with OCD. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 26:241-251. [PMID: 27357512 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Health anxiety (HA) is an overlooked area in paediatric research. Little is known about the occurrence of HA symptoms in a child and adolescent psychiatric setting, and there are no age-appropriate diagnostic criteria and only limited number of assessment tools. It is therefore likely that HA is seen as part of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) due to construct overlap and the diagnostic uncertainty of HA in this age group. In the present study, the extent of HA symptoms was investigated in 94 children and adolescents with a primary ICD-10 diagnosis of OCD. Self-reported HA symptoms were assessed using the Childhood Illness Attitude Scales. Clinician-rated OCD symptoms and severity were measured using the Children's Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Information on socio-demographics was obtained from the child's/adolescent's medical record. The distribution of HA symptoms resembled a normal curve shifted to the right compared with a normal population of Danish children, and 30 % presented with high HA symptoms. Chi-squared tests were used to examine the proportion of children and adolescents with high HA symptoms in relation to various clinical characteristics. Clinician-rated illness worries and comorbid anxiety disorder were associated with high self-reported HA symptoms. The results contribute to the understanding of how HA and OCD overlap conceptually in young patients and bring attention to the need for improved recognition of OCD patients dominated by illness worries. Further research in the description of childhood HA is important in order to understand whether HA is a distinct disorder early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Villadsen
- Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. .,Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Mette V Thorgaard
- Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Katja A Hybel
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens Søndergaard Jensen
- Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Per H Thomsen
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Charlotte U Rask
- Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Urbán R, Arrindell WA, Demetrovics Z, Unoka Z, Timman R. Cross-cultural confirmation of bi-factor models of a symptom distress measure: Symptom Checklist-90-Revised in clinical samples. Psychiatry Res 2016; 239:265-74. [PMID: 27039011 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Four decades have elapsed since the introduction for clinical and research purposes of the Symptom Checklist-90(-R). Yet, its underlying dimensional structure has not been clearly delineated. A shift has been observed in the methods utilized-from predominantly exploratory factor analytic in nature in the first two decades or so to different confirmatory methods in recent years. A need remains to search for a structure that remains invariant across samples and nations. In that context, the present study attempted to replicate and extend recent findings yielded in a Hungarian general population sample (N=2,874) with two psychiatric patient samples from Hungary (N=972) and The Netherlands (N=1,902). In doing so, four models were contrasted: the one-factor model, Derogatis' nine factor model, a second-ordered factor model, and a bi-factor model. The bi-factor model was shown to yield the closest fit to the data in both countries. Further studies are needed to determine the stable number and kind of subscale scores that reflect the specific (primary) symptoms best, that is, those subscales with minimal shared variance with the overall general psychological distress dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Urbán
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest 1064, Hungary.
| | - Willem A Arrindell
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, 10-12 Dinh Tien Hoang street, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Hochiminh City, Vietnam
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest 1064, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Unoka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Balassa J. utca 6, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Reinier Timman
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Psychology & Psychotherapy, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Guerra C, Pereda N, Guilera G, Abad J. Internalizing symptoms and polyvictimization in a clinical sample of adolescents: The roles of social support and non-productive coping strategies. Child Abuse Negl 2016; 54:57-65. [PMID: 27019122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Given the high prevalence of internalizing disorders during adolescence, it is necessary to determine the factors influencing their development and evolution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of polyvictimization in developing internalizing symptoms while considering the possible effect of non-productive coping and the availability of social support. The participants were 144 adolescents (M=14.31, SD=1.48) cared for in child and adolescent mental health services. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that polyvictimization, non-productive coping and social support were good predictors of internalizing symptoms. In addition, non-productive coping acted as a mediator in the relationship between polyvictimization and internalizing symptoms. The results of the study emphasized the importance of the studied factors to understanding the process of development internalizing symptoms and to preventing or treating adolescents who suffer from these types of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Guerra
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Santo Tomás, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Infancia, Adolescencia y Familia, ONG Paicabi, Chile
| | - Noemí Pereda
- Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Cervell, Cognició i Conducta (IR3C), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Georgina Guilera
- Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Cervell, Cognició i Conducta (IR3C), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Abad
- Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Hu Y, Ren X, Li L, Xiao Y, Dong J, Sun L, Zhu Y, Yang F, Zhang X, Jin Q. Rapid genome sequencing and characterization of novel avian-origin influenza A H7N9 virus directly from clinical sample by semiconductor sequencing. J Clin Virol 2015; 73:84-88. [PMID: 26580409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent outbreaks of severe pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome have attracted much public interest. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of the causative agent is key for an adequate response to suspected outbreaks. OBJECTIVES We report a case that highlights the potential of semiconductor sequencing to rapidly determine the novel virus genome sequences. STUDY DESIGN We have developed a method for rapid de novo assembly of the novel influenza A H7N9 virus genome directly from the tracheal aspirate of a patient using semiconductor sequencer without culture and prior sequence information. Further, characteristic amino acids were analyzed and phylogenetic analysis were done for key genes of the influenza A virus. RESULTS Deep sequencing yielded 435,239 reads assigned to H7N9 viruses, with an average length of 172 bp, accounting for 18.6% of total reads (2,339,680). Complete genome of the virus was obtained by de novo assembly method within 2 days. Genomic average depth of coverage of the Ion Torrent PGM was up to 5679 fold. Selected characteristic amino acids were observed, and phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel H7 virus was genetically close to 2011 duck H7N3 viruses in Zhejiang. The novel N9 sequences were most closely related to gene sequences of N9 derived from ducks H11N9 in 2011 in Jiangxi and H2N9 sequences from Hong Kong in 2010, in China, and therefore they may share a common ancestor. CONCLUSIONS The sequence-independent semiconductor sequencing is a powerful tool to investigate outbreak of a novel pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Hu
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Xianwen Ren
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Li Li
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Yan Xiao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Jie Dong
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Lilian Sun
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Yafang Zhu
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Qi Jin
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100176, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Martín J, Padierna A, Unzurrunzaga A, González N, Berjano B, Quintana JM. Adaptation and validation of the Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ-30) in Spanish clinical and non clinical samples. J Affect Disord 2015; 167:228-34. [PMID: 24997225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The short form of the Metacognitions Questionnaire is a brief multidimensional measure of a range of metacognitive processes and metacognitive beliefs about worry and cognition relevant to vulnerability to and maintenance of emotional disorders. The aim of the study was adapt and validate a Spanish version of the short form of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30) and to evaluate its psychometric properties in clinical and nonclinical samples. METHOD The MCQ-30 was administered to a sample of 316 patients with psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, and eating disorders) and to a sample of 169 individuals belonging to the general population. Instrument reliability (internal consistency), construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis [CFA], convergent validity, known groups) and responsiveness were measured. RESULTS The clinical sample scored the highest on all factors when compared to nonclinical sample. The exploratory factor analysis supported the MCQ׳s original five-factor solution. The CFA suggested a good fit of the model. Correlation with measure of worry demonstrated convergent validity. Known-groups validity was supported by significant differences in the MCQ-30 mean scores according to certain variables, such as educational level and employment status. LIMITATIONS This study did not assess the test-retest reliability. CONCLUSIONS The MCQ-30 has good psychometric properties and can be used to evaluate several dimensions of metacognition in both clinical and nonclinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune Martín
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Angel Padierna
- Department of Psychiatry, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
| | - Anette Unzurrunzaga
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
| | - Nerea González
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
| | - Belén Berjano
- Department of Psychiatry, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José M Quintana
- Research Unit, 9th Floor, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network - REDISSEC, Spain
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Rockett R, Barraclough KA, Isbel NM, Dudley KJ, Nissen MD, Sloots TP, Bialasiewicz S. Specific rolling circle amplification of low-copy human polyomaviruses BKV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, and STLPyV. J Virol Methods 2015; 215-216:17-21. [PMID: 25698464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Eleven new human polyomaviruses have been recently discovered, yet for most of these viruses, little is known of their biology and clinical impact. Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is an ideal method for the amplification of the circular polyomavirus genome due to its high fidelity amplification of circular DNA. In this study, a modified RCA method was developed to selectively amplify a range of polyomavirus genomes. Initial evaluation showed a multiplexed temperature-graded reaction profile gave the best yield and sensitivity in amplifying BK polyomavirus in a background of human DNA, with up to 1 × 10(8)-fold increases in viral genomes from as little as 10 genome copies per reaction. Furthermore, the method proved to be more sensitive and provided a 200-fold greater yield than that of random hexamers based standard RCA. Application of the method to other novel human polyomaviruses showed successful amplification of TSPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and STLPyV from low-viral load positive clinical samples, with viral genome enrichment ranging from 1 × 10(8) up to 1 × 10(10). This directed RCA method can be applied to selectively amplify other low-copy polyomaviral genomes from a background of competing non-specific DNA, and is a useful tool in further research into the rapidly expanding Polyomaviridae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rockett
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Nicole M Isbel
- Department of Renal Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kevin J Dudley
- Institute for Future Environments, Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael D Nissen
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Theo P Sloots
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Seweryn Bialasiewicz
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Montalvo AM, Fraga J, El Safi S, Gramiccia M, Jaffe CL, Dujardin JC, Van der Auwera G. Direct Leishmania species typing in Old World clinical samples: evaluation of 3 sensitive methods based on the heat-shock protein 70 gene. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 80:35-9. [PMID: 25038029 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the diagnosis of leishmaniasis, identification of the causative Leishmania species is relevant for treatment, prognosis, and epidemiology. Three new hsp70-based PCR variants were developed and recently validated on clinical samples from Peru, without the need for culturing. We evaluated their performance on 133 clinical samples (bone marrow, blood, buffy coat, lymph node aspirates, lesion biopsies) from 42 cutaneous and 56 visceral leishmaniasis patients and 35 negative cases, all from Old World countries (Italy, Sudan, Israel, and Tunisia). The 3 new PCRs were significantly more sensitive than those previously described for hsp70, and their respective restriction fragment analyses were more efficient for species identification. In 79% of the parasitologically confirmed positive samples, the species could be identified directly from sample DNA. This evaluation demonstrated that these new tools are globally applicable in different geographical, clinical, and sampling contexts, and they could become the reference method for identification of Leishmania species in clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Montalvo
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí", Havana, Cuba
| | - Jorge Fraga
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí", Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Marina Gramiccia
- Unit of Vector-Borne Diseases and International Health, MIPI Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Charles L Jaffe
- Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jean-Claude Dujardin
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of BioMedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gert Van der Auwera
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
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