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Muniz FB, Kalina E, Patock-Peckham JA, Berberian S, Fulop B, Williams J, Leeman RF. A Test of the Self-Medication Hypothesis Using a Latent Measurement Model: Are Stress and Impaired Control over Alcohol Mediating Mechanisms of Parenting Styles on Heavy Episodic Drinking and Alcohol-Related Problems among University Students? Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:384. [PMID: 38785875 PMCID: PMC11117968 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The self-medication hypothesis (SMH) suggests that individuals consume alcohol to alleviate stressful emotions. Still, the underlying mechanisms between stress and heavy episodic drinking remain to be explored. Impaired control over drinking (IC) reflects a failure of self-regulation specific to the drinking context, with individuals exceeding self-prescribed limits. Parenting styles experienced during childhood have a lasting influence on the stress response, which may contribute to IC. METHOD We examined the indirect influences of parenting styles (e.g., permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative) on heavy episodic drinking and alcohol-related problems through the mediating mechanisms of stress and IC. We fit a latent measurement model with 938 (473 men; 465 women) university students, utilizing bootstrap confidence intervals, in Mplus 8.0. RESULTS Higher levels of authoritative parenting (mother and father) were indirectly linked to fewer alcohol-related problems and less heavy episodic drinking through less stress and IC. Maternal permissiveness was indirectly linked to more alcohol-related problems and heavy episodic drinking through more stress and, in turn, more IC. Impaired control appeared to be a mediator for stress and alcohol-related problems. CONCLUSIONS Maternal permissiveness contributes to the use of alcohol to alleviate stress. Thus, reducing stress may reduce problematic heavy drinking and alcohol problems among emerging adults with high IC who may also have experienced permissive parenting. Stress may exacerbate behavioral dysregulation of drinking within self-prescribed limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix B. Muniz
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; (J.A.P.-P.); (S.B.)
| | - Elena Kalina
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Julie A. Patock-Peckham
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; (J.A.P.-P.); (S.B.)
| | - Sophia Berberian
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; (J.A.P.-P.); (S.B.)
| | - Brittney Fulop
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; (J.A.P.-P.); (S.B.)
| | - Jason Williams
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Robert F. Leeman
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
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He E, Ye X, Zhang W. The effect of parenting styles on adolescent bullying behaviours in China: The mechanism of interpersonal intelligence and intrapersonal intelligence. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15299. [PMID: 37151708 PMCID: PMC10161597 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullying is a problematic public behaviour of great concern worldwide, which occurs commonly in China. Parenting and emotional intelligence have previously been verified as crucial aspects in determining the bullying behaviours of adolescents. However, evidence of the interactive effect of these vital factors needs to be more extensive. This study attempts to analyze the relationships and mechanisms of parenting on bullying through emotional intelligence, which consists of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence. Based on Chinese education panel survey data of 8730 adolescents, this paper used OLS regression and SEM methods to estimate the impact and mechanisms of parenting styles on bullying behaviours among adolescents. High-demand and responsive parenting styles can significantly reduce adolescents' bullying behaviours. Intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligence are important mediating variables, and parenting with high demandingness and high responsiveness can significantly improve the interpersonal intelligence of adolescents, thereby reducing children's bullying behaviour. Although low levels of intrapersonal intelligence would increase bullying behaviours in adolescents, high demandingness and high responsiveness of parenting can significantly improve adolescents' intrapersonal intelligence. Parents can reduce adolescents' bullying behaviours by increasing emotional responses and normative requirements. This result provides a new perspective on the solution to the problem of youth bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelin He
- College of International Education at Shanghai University, China
| | - Xiaomei Ye
- Graduate School of Education at Peking University, China
- Corresponding author.
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Browning MH, Li D, White MP, Bratman GN, Becker D, Benfield JA. Association between residential greenness during childhood and trait emotional intelligence during young adulthood: A retrospective life course analysis in the United States. Health Place 2022; 74:102755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Shaygan M, Bostanian P, Zarmehr M, Hassanipour H, Mollaie M. Understanding the relationship between parenting style and chronic pain in adolescents: a structural equation modelling approach. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:201. [PMID: 34952639 PMCID: PMC8709993 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the context of parenting has been incorporated into psychosocial pain research, very little attention has been paid to how parenting styles influence chronic pain in adolescents. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and psychological distress in the association between parenting styles and chronic pain. METHOD Seven hundred and thirty nine adolescents and their parents participated in this study. To identify adolescents with chronic pain, screening questions based on the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases were used. Baumrind parenting style questionnaire was used to assess the parenting style (permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative parenting styles). The structural equation modelling (SEM) was carried out in M-Plus version 6 to evaluate the direct, indirect, and total effects of different parenting styles on chronic pain. RESULTS The results in the SEM models revealed that only the indirect paths from authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles to pain through emotional intelligence (βauthoritative = - 0.003, 95% CI = - 0.008 to - 0.003; βauthoritarian = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.001 to 0.003) and psychological distress (βauthoritative = - 0.010, 95% CI = - 0.021 to - 0.004; βauthoritarian = 0.008, 95% CI = 0.004 to 0.016) were significant. Indirect paths from permissive style to pain and the mediating role of self-esteem were not significant. DISCUSSION Emotional intelligence and psychological distress significantly mediated the effects of authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles on chronic pain. The current results support the notion that interventions targeting effective parent-adolescent communication may be an important part of chronic pain management in adolescents. Moreover, the results provide rationale for targeting emotional intelligence and psychological distress in adolescents by explicitly teaching effective communication skills, expressing opinions and minds, and emotion regulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shaygan
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 713451359, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Pardis Bostanian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mina Zarmehr
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Hassanipour
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Mollaie
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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5
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The moderating role of emotional intelligence in the association between parenting practices and academic achievement among adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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A Proposed Model to Explain Happiness in College Students: The Roles of Perceived Parenting Styles, Emotional Self-Efficacy, and Forgiveness. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-021-09378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wu CW, Chen WW, Jen CH. Emotional Intelligence and Cognitive Flexibility in the Relationship Between Parenting and Subjective Well-Being. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-020-09357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Skokou M, Sakellaropoulos G, Zairi NA, Gourzis P, Andreopoulou O. An Exploratory Study of Trait Emotional Intelligence and Mental Health in Freshmen Greek Medical Students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gugliandolo MC, Mavroveli S, Costa S, Cuzzocrea F, Larcan R. The relative contribution of parenting practices in predicting trait emotional intelligence in an Italian adolescent sample. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 37:585-599. [PMID: 31469185 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI), support, and parental psychological control practices. Three hundred adolescents, between 11 and 13 years old, took part in the study (163 were males and 137 were females). Participants completed the Perceptions of Parents Scales for the parental support, the Dependency (DPC)- and Achievement (APC)-oriented Psychological Control Scales for the parental psychological control, and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Child Form for the child's trait EI. Trait EI was related to parenting variables, and also, parental practices (both support and psychological control) predicted global trait EI in adolescents. Some gender-specific differences were found: both APC and DPC were negative predictors of trait EI in males, whereas only APC significantly predicted trait EI in females. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine these results and to shed light on the processes involved in the development of trait EI. STATEMENT OF CONTRIBUTION: What is already known on the subject? There exists strong evidence of the interaction between parenting practices and emotional development in children and adolescents. Therefore, parental psychological control is negatively correlated with peer support and self-esteem, and positively related to anxiety and aggressive behaviour in children. However, there is paucity on research examining the relationship between parenting and trait EI in children. What does this study adds? This study extends earlier work in this field and investigates whether there is a relationship between trait EI and parenting practices (parental support and psychological control) and whether it depends on child and parent gender. This study, therefore, aims to investigate, for the first time, parental factors that may, in addition to those constitutional, be related to trait EI in children. Specifically, the objective of the present study was to investigate whether parenting practices would predict adolescents' trait EI and whether these relations depend on the gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Gugliandolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Stella Mavroveli
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Surgery, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Sebastiano Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Cuzzocrea
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Larcan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
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Yeung JWK, Tsang EYH, Chen HF. Parental Socialization and Development of Chinese Youths: A Multivariate and Comparative Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101730. [PMID: 31100867 PMCID: PMC6572391 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parental socialization has been recently reported as a multifaceted concept, which includes parenting practices and family processes. Nevertheless, prior family research generally treated parental socialization tantamount to parenting behavior only and overlooked its different effects on multiple youth outcomes simultaneously, especially in the Chinese population. This study, with a sample of 223 Chinese parent-youth dyads (80.7% mothers; 55.6% male youths; meanage = 16.7 years), found that both authoritative parenting and positive family processes, as measured by a multi-informant approach, significantly predicted higher self-esteem, self-control, future orientation, other perspective taking and lower externalizing problem behavior of Chinese youths concomitantly. Furthermore, youth self-esteem was found to significantly mediate the effects of authoritative parenting and positive family processes on their self-control, future orientation, other perspective taking and externalizing problem behavior, and different facets of parental socialization significantly predicted the youth outcomes differentially. Results of this study highlight importance of considering the multifaceted nature of parental socialization and interrelations of youth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerf W K Yeung
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Eileen Y H Tsang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hui-Fang Chen
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Segrin C, Flora J. Fostering social and emotional intelligence: What are the best current strategies in parenting? SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Azhar H, Baig Z, Koleth S, Mohammad K, Petkari E. Psychosocial associations of emotion-regulation strategies in young adults residing in the United Arab Emirates. Psych J 2019; 8:431-438. [PMID: 30816020 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The management and expression of emotions can have a positive impact on psychological health and overall functioning. Thus, it is crucial to focus on the study of emotion regulation and the strategies young adults employ to achieve it, namely cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, as well as their associations with the long neglected psychosocial factors. The current study aimed at exploring the associations between psychosocial factors and the two emotion-regulation strategies, after controlling for potential sociodemographic confounders. This study used a sample of 136 participants from the Indian subcontinent living in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, aged 18-25 years, who completed instruments measuring social anxiety, social support, and parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive) as well as the use of the emotion-regulation strategies of suppression and reappraisal. The results indicated that having experienced authoritarian parenting and perceiving low social support were associated with the use of suppression, while having experienced authoritative parenting and low levels of social anxiety were associated with the use of emotional reappraisal. Our study provides evidence on the importance of psychosocial factors for the use of emotion-regulation strategies and suggests their modification for the promotion of adaptive ways of managing emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humna Azhar
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahra Baig
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shihab Koleth
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kausar Mohammad
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eleni Petkari
- Department of Behavioural and Social Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Costa S, Barberis N, Gugliandolo MC, Larcan R, Cuzzocrea F. The intergenerational transmission of trait emotional intelligence: The mediating role of parental autonomy support and psychological control. J Adolesc 2018; 68:105-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Relationship Between Self-Compassion, Emotional Quotient and Maternal Styles with Well-Being in Shiraz School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/intjsh.82296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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15
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Chen WW, Yan JJ, Chen CC. Lesson of emotions in the family: The role of emotional intelligence in the relation between filial piety and life satisfaction among Taiwanese college students. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin Jin Yan
- University of Texas at Austin; Austin Texas USA
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Alavi M, Mehrinezhad SA, Amini M, Parthaman Singh MKA. Family functioning and trait emotional intelligence among youth. Health Psychol Open 2018; 4:2055102917748461. [PMID: 29379632 PMCID: PMC5779938 DOI: 10.1177/2055102917748461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the relationship between family functioning and trait emotional intelligence among 547 respondents, between the age of 16 and 24 years from Malaysia, Iran, China, Sudan, Somalia, Morocco, the United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands. The questionnaires were Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between family functioning and trait emotional intelligence. The higher the family functioning, the higher the trait emotional intelligence among youths. The findings provide a deeper understanding in the field of family functioning and trait emotional intelligence and have implications for parents, administrators and child relationships dealing with trait emotional intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Alavi
- Alzahra University, Iran
- Masoumeh Alavi, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, 1993893973, Iran.
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Wischerth GA, Mulvaney MK, Brackett MA, Perkins D. The Adverse Influence of Permissive Parenting on Personal Growth and the Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2016.1224223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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