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Li X, Su Z, Wang L, Li J, Diao Y. Psychometric evaluation of the pictorial scale of perceived movement skill competence in Chinese children: An item response theory analysis. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13275. [PMID: 38801211 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) in Chinese children, utilizing the principles of item response theory (IRT). METHODS A total of 284 children (147 boys), aged 4-10 years (Mage = 7.39, SD = 2.18), from four schools were recruited for testing, adhering to the principle of random sampling. The Rasch model was applied to evaluate the rating scale validity, local independence, scale dimensionality, person and item fit statistics, and differential item functioning (DIF). RESULTS (1) The rating scale validity was confirmed by the monotonically increasing trend in both average item difficulty measures and Andrich thresholds. (2) However, the observation that standardized residual correlations for all items remained below 0.3 unequivocally confirmed the presence of local independence among the variables. (3) The scale's dimensions were substantiated, with Rasch measures explaining 40.6% of total variance, exceeding the 40% threshold. Additionally, the first contrast had an eigenvalue of 1.8 and explained 8.80% of the variance, both exceeding the minimum 3:1 ratio. Consequently, the unidimensionality assumption of the item was supported. (4) Person and item fit statistics indicated requisite reliability and separation, with all achieving suitable infit and outfit measures, and point-biserial correlations exceeding 0.55. (5) Regarding gender DIF, it was observed that the majority of items did not exhibit statistically significant gender DIF effects (p > 0.05) except item 8 (Bounce a ball, t = -2.74, p < 0.01, DIF = -0.51). CONCLUSION Rasch analysis revealed that the instrument exhibited strong scale validity among Chinese children, adhering to the Rasch model's unidimensionality and local independence principles, with robust person and item reliability and separation. All items demonstrated a good fit. Additionally, the significant gender difference in item 8 (Bounce a ball) warrants further consideration. In conclusion, PMSC is suitable for assessing the PMSC of Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxi Li
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng Su
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yucui Diao
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Praxedes P, Maia J, Santos C, Garbeloto F, Hedeker D, Barreira TV, Garganta R, Farias C, Tani G, Chaput JP, Stodden DF, Katzmarzyk PT, Pereira S. Associations of obesity, movement behaviors, and socioeconomic status with fundamental movement skills in children: Results from the REACT project. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24108. [PMID: 38794903 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of biological characteristics (age, sex, and obesity), movement behaviors (physical activity and sedentary time), and family socioeconomic status with fundamental movement skills (FMS) in primary school children. METHODS This cross-sectional study sampled 1014 children (537 girls) aged 6 to 10 years from 25 primary schools in Matosinhos, north of Portugal. Five object control skills (dribbling, kicking, catching, throwing, and underarm rolling) were assessed with a categorical scale using the Meu Educativo® platform. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated and transformed into z-scores. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time were monitored with accelerometry (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) for seven consecutive days. Family socioeconomic status (SES) was obtained from the Portuguese social support system. Ordinal multilevel logistic regression was used to analyze the associations of weight status, MVPA, sedentary time and SES with FMS, adjusted for sex and age. RESULTS Boys (odds ratio (OR) = 6.54; 95% CI: 5.13-8.36) and older children (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.85-2.26) were more likely to achieve higher FMS scores. Children with obesity (OR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.45-0.80), those less active (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.42-0.75) and children with more sedentary time (OR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.77-0.97) were less likely to score high on FMS. Family SES was not significantly associated with FMS scores. CONCLUSION Primary school children's FMS are significantly related to biological and behavioral factors but not to family SES. These findings highlight the need for suitable strategies to enhance children's FMS proficiency, considering differences in these characteristics. Fostering adequate motor skill proficiency levels will assist in establishing a robust foundation for healthy lifestyles of all children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscyla Praxedes
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Maia
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Santos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernando Garbeloto
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Rui Garganta
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudio Farias
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Go Tani
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Educational and Developmental Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sara Pereira
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
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Wong MYC, Ou KL, Wong WS, Hon SS, Chung PK. Physical fitness levels and trends of kindergarteners in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:202-207. [PMID: 38559909 PMCID: PMC10979272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives The study aimed to examine the physical fitness and activity levels of kindergarteners in Hong Kong during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods A total of 2052 kindergarteners (48% girls; 32.9% Grade 1, 34% Grade 2, and 33.1% Grade 3) were recruited from July 2020 to November 2021. Participants completed the physical fitness tests, including body composition, flexibility, lower-limb muscle strength, upper-limb muscle strength, lower-limb muscle endurance, and agility. Children's physical activity and overall well-being were examined using parental proxy reports. Parents also reported their physical activity and parental support to children's physical activity engagement, as well as their perception of children's kindergarten physical activity environment. Fitness differences by age and gender were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and ANCOVA measuring effect size with partial eta-squared. Additionally, correlations assessed the relationship between children's fitness and parents' proxy reports. Results The results of the physical fitness tests were higher than those in previous studies conducted by the Physical Fitness Association of Hong Kong in 2015-2018. Gender-based differences were observed in most tests for children aged 4 years and older, with boys showing higher scores in the standing long jump, shot put, and balance tests, while girls had higher scores in the sit-and-reach test. Parents' proxy questionnaire answers indicated that children's continuous jump test performances were significantly related to their frequency of physical activity per week (r = 0.19, p < 0.001), and that children's health was significantly and positively correlated with their fitness level (r = 0.179, p < 0.009). Inadequate school physical activity was associated with poor upper-limb strength (r = 0.078, p < 0.005). Moreover, a high level of parental support for their children's participation in physical activity was correlated with a high level of parental participation in vigorous-intensity physical activities (r = 0.167, p < 0.005). Conclusion The physical fitness of children in Hong Kong was less affected by the epidemic. Parents' healthy behaviors and support were related to children's participation in PA. Efforts to improve children's physical fitness and motor development should include parent education and physical activity involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yu Claudia Wong
- The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-ling Ou
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Sum Wong
- The Physical Fitness Association of Hong Kong, China
| | - Sze Sze Hon
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Scheiber B, Spiegl C, Plattner J, Monsberger S, Federolf P. Is screening for motor skill deficits in Tyrolean preschool children warranted and feasible? A protocol for a two-stage cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081311. [PMID: 38908849 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) show deviations in motor development and motor skills in early childhood where the learning and execution of coordinated motor skills are below the level expected for their age. Early detection of DCD is critical to provide an opportunity for intervention and support, yet many cases remain undetected until school age. The study described aims to determine the warranty, feasibility and validity of a mobility screening in Tyrolean kindergartens and evaluate its potential benefit to enhance the motor development prospects of affected children. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This research employs a two-stage cross-sectional approach with 6 months of follow-up assessments. The initial stage involves a playful mobility screening for all participating kindergarten children, followed by individual assessments for those displaying conspicuous motor skills. Motor skills will be evaluated using MobiScreen 4-6 and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2. Prior to the screening, informed consent is obtained from kindergarten bodies and authorities, parents and the children themselves. Parents are provided with information sheets and questionnaires to assess their attitudes and their child's eligibility. The study described aims to form a representative sample of kindergarten children, aged 4-6, in Tyrol. To target approximately 20-40 children with DCD for follow-up, the goal is to include 650 children, assuming an incidence of 3%-6%. For the follow-up, matching control groups will be formed and information about how identified motor deficits were addressed, including therapies or sports, will be gathered. Quantitative data will mainly be analysed descriptively, while feedback from kindergarten teachers regarding the practical implementation will be analysed using qualitative content analyses, according to Mayring. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the Research Committee for Scientific Ethical Questions (RCSEQ 3369/24). Findings will be disseminated through contributions, peer-reviewed journals, and conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Scheiber
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Spiegl
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jasmin Plattner
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Monsberger
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Federolf
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Hurtado-Almonacid J, Reyes-Amigo T, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Cortés-Roco G, Oñate-Navarrete C, Olivares-Arancibia J, Páez-Herrera J. Development of Basic Motor Skills from 3 to 10 Years of Age: Comparison by Sex and Age Range in Chilean Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:715. [PMID: 38929294 PMCID: PMC11202137 DOI: 10.3390/children11060715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Basic motor skills are recognized as fundamental movements that allow children to interact with their environment and are identified as the basic structure on which more complex movements are built. OBJECTIVE to identify the level of motor development of children from 3 to 10 years of age according to sex and age group. METHODOLOGY We studied a sample with a total of 328 participants (girls = 170; boys = 158) at preschool (n = 154) and school levels (n = 174). The ages of the students ranged from 3 to 10 years, with a mean of 5.94 years (±2.53). TGMD2 was applied to identify motor development. RESULTS boys and girls present low levels of physical activity, with most of them in the very poor, poor, and low-average categories (n = 182, 55.5%). Levels of motor development in locomotion, manipulation, and general development by age show significant differences (p = 0.000). However, levels of development by sex are not significant in manipulation, locomotion, and gross motor skills tests, respectively (p = 0.150, p = 0.208, and p = 0.210), and in relation to chronological age and motor development age show significant differences (p = 0.000).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hurtado-Almonacid
- eFidac Research Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340025, Chile; (J.H.-A.); (J.P.-H.)
| | - Tomás Reyes-Amigo
- Physical Activity Sciences Observatory (OCAF), Departament of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaiso 2360072, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Guillermo Cortés-Roco
- School of Education, Sport Coach, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile;
| | - Cristian Oñate-Navarrete
- Department of Therapeutic Processes, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Jorge Olivares-Arancibia
- AfySE Group, Research in Physical Activity and School Health, School of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500975, Chile
| | - Jacqueline Páez-Herrera
- eFidac Research Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340025, Chile; (J.H.-A.); (J.P.-H.)
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Yu Y, Xia L, Yan H, Lu Y. Effects of 8 weeks parent-accompanied swimming on physical capacity and intelligence in preschool children. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1410707. [PMID: 38883199 PMCID: PMC11176541 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1410707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential effects of 8-week parents-accompanied swimming on the physical capacity and intelligence of preschool children in China. Thirty-six boys (mean age 3.56 ± 0.27 years) were divided into three groups: the traditional physical exercise group (TP, n = 12), the accompanied swimming group (AS, n = 12) and the independent swimming group (IS, n = 12). Participants' physical capacity was assessed before and after the intervention using the following indicators: height, weight, distance of tennis ball throw, standing long jump distance, time for the 10-meter shuttle run, time for a two-legged continuous jump, sit-and-reach distance, and time on the walking balance beam. Intelligence was assessed at three points: pre-test, mid-test after 4 weeks, and post-test. Data were analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni test (p < 0.05) and effect size. The time of the AS and IS groups to walk the balance beam was significantly lower than the TP group, with a difference of 1.81 s (p < 0.01, [95% CI -3.22 to -0.40], ES = 1.53) and 1.25 s (p < 0.05, [95% CI -2.66 to 0.16], ES = 0.81). At the mid-test, the IQ scores of the TP group were lower than the AS group (p < 0.05, [95% CI -12.45 to -0.96], ES = 0.89). Additionally, at post-test, the IQ scores of the TP group were significantly lower than those of both AS (p < 0.01, [95% CI -14.12 to -2.74], ES = 1.15) and IS groups (p < 0.01, [95% CI -12.53 to -3.31], ES = 1.21). Swimming enhances children's balance and IQ scores more than traditional physical exercises. Involving parents in swimming leads to a more significant increase in IQ scores within 4 weeks of initial swimming exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Yu
- The School of Sports Coaching, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Shenzhen School Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiping Yan
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Lu
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
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Godoy-Cumillaf A, Fuentes-Merino P, Giakoni-Ramírez F, Duclos-Bastías D, Bruneau-Chávez J, Vergara-Ampuero D, Merellano-Navarro E. Association between Gross Motor Competence and Physical Fitness in Chilean Children Aged 4 to 6 Years. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:561. [PMID: 38790556 PMCID: PMC11119627 DOI: 10.3390/children11050561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The preschool period is considered critical for the development of motor competence, but as far as we know, no studies have investigated the association between motor competence and physical fitness in Chilean children. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between gross motor competence and physical fitness, controlling for possible confounding factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 144 preschool children (56.25% girls) with an average age of 5.3 years (4 to 6 years) from the Araucanía region, Chile. Motor competence was measured using the Children's Movement Assessment Battery, 2nd Edition (MABC-2). Regarding physical fitness, the components of cardiorespiratory fitness, lower body muscle strength and speed/agility were evaluated using the Battery to Assess FITness in PREschool (PREFIT). Partial correlation models and analysis of variance (ANCOVA) were used to assess differences in physical fitness between motor competence categories, controlling for age and body mass index. The mean fitness scores for cardiorespiratory fitness, lower body muscle strength and speed/agility components were significantly higher in children with higher gross motor competence. In terms of effect size, large values were found for the lower body strength component in model 1 for boys and in model 2 for the total samples of girls and boys. The results of this study suggest that good levels of gross motor competence are associated with better physical fitness levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.G.-C.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Paola Fuentes-Merino
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.G.-C.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Frano Giakoni-Ramírez
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
| | - Daniel Duclos-Bastías
- Escuela de Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
- IGOID Research Group, Physical Activity and Sport Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - José Bruneau-Chávez
- Departamento de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Diego Vergara-Ampuero
- Escuela de Ciencias del Deporte y la Actividad Física, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile;
| | - Eugenio Merellano-Navarro
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
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Vargas-Vitoria R, Faúndez-Casanova C, Cruz-Flores A, Hernandez-Martinez J, Jarpa-Preisler S, Villar-Cavieres N, González-Muzzio MT, Garrido-González L, Flández-Valderrama J, Valdés-Badilla P. Effects of Combined Movement and Storytelling Intervention on Fundamental Motor Skills, Language Development and Physical Activity Level in Children Aged 3 to 6 Years: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1530. [PMID: 37761491 PMCID: PMC10530241 DOI: 10.3390/children10091530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This study protocol aims to analyze and compare the effects of combined movement and storytelling intervention (CMSI) on fundamental motor skills (locomotor skills and object control), language development (language comprehension, language expression, vocabulary and language description), and physical activity levels (light intensity, moderate-to-vigorous intensity and sedentary time) in children aged 3 to 6 years. The sample will consist of 144 children from 12 class groups, randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups (n = 72 children) and 3 control groups (n = 72 children), belonging to 4 class groups of upper-middle-level classes (2 experimental and 2 control; 3 to 4 years), 4 transition level 1 classes (2 experimental and 2 control; 4 to 5 years) and 4 transition level 2 classes (2 experimental and 2 control; 5 to 6 years). The experimental groups will perform CMSI for 3 sessions per week (40 min per session) over 12 weeks (using one motor story per week), while the control groups will not receive any treatment. The main outcome will provide information about fundamental motor skills, language development, and physical activity levels. Our hypothesis indicates that CMSI has the potential to generate significant increases in selected assessments. If this intervention proves to be beneficial, it could contribute to preschool and school curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Vargas-Vitoria
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile; (R.V.-V.); (C.F.-C.)
| | - César Faúndez-Casanova
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile; (R.V.-V.); (C.F.-C.)
| | - Alberto Cruz-Flores
- Doctorado en Educación en Consorcio, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile;
| | - Jordan Hernandez-Martinez
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile;
- Programa de Investigación en Deporte, Sociedad y Buen Vivir, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile
| | - Stefany Jarpa-Preisler
- Carrera de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile;
| | - Natalia Villar-Cavieres
- Departamento Formación Inicial Escolar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile; (N.V.-C.); (M.T.G.-M.); (L.G.-G.)
- Escuela de Educación Parvularia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - María Teresa González-Muzzio
- Departamento Formación Inicial Escolar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile; (N.V.-C.); (M.T.G.-M.); (L.G.-G.)
- Escuela de Educación Parvularia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Lorena Garrido-González
- Departamento Formación Inicial Escolar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile; (N.V.-C.); (M.T.G.-M.); (L.G.-G.)
- Escuela de Educación Parvularia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Jorge Flández-Valderrama
- Escuela de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 509000, Chile;
| | - Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile; (R.V.-V.); (C.F.-C.)
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
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Liu C, Cao Y, Zhang Z, Gao R, Qu G. Correlation of fundamental movement skills with health-related fitness elements in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1129258. [PMID: 37050960 PMCID: PMC10083251 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1129258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo examine the correlations between fundamental movement skills and health-related fitness elements (cardiopulmonary function, flexibility, body composition, muscle strength and endurance) in children and adolescents and investigate the evaluation methods and tools of fundamental movement skills and health-related fitness.MethodsSix electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, EBSCO and CNKI) were searched, and the research literature on the correlation between children's and adolescents' fundamental movement skills and health-related fitness published since 2002 was collected. The guidelines of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement and the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement were used to evaluate the quality of the literature, and the sources, samples, measurement methods, main results and statistical data of the study were analyzed, summarized and discussed.ResultsAfter applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 49 studies were included. There were 13 tools for evaluating fundamental movement skills and 4 tools for evaluating comprehensive health-related fitness in the included literature. Sufficient research evidence supports a significant positive correlation between fundamental movement skills and cardiopulmonary function (10, 100%) and muscle strength and endurance (12, 100%), and most studies support the positive correlation between fundamental movement skills and flexibility (4, 66.7%), and the significant negative correlation between fundamental movement skills and body composition (29, 67.4%). Studies used skinfold, AF%, BF%, FM, and FFMI as evaluation methods. They showed a consistently significant negative correlation between body composition and fundamental movement skills (9, 100%), while BMI or waist circumference as evaluation methods showed no consistent significant negative correlation result (20, 58.8%). Moreover, in the sub-item evaluation of fundamental movement skills, object manipulation, locomotor and balance skills were all significantly and positively correlated with cardiopulmonary function and muscle strength and endurance. In contrast, locomotor skills were more closely related to body composition than object manipulation skills.ConclusionA significant correlation exists between children's and adolescents' fundamental movement skills and health-related fitness elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Cong Liu
| | - Yuxian Cao
- Primary School Department, Tianjin Binhai Foreign Language School, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Primary School Department, Tianjin Binhai Foreign Language School, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Gao
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Gao
| | - Guofeng Qu
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Guofeng Qu
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10
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Garbeloto F, Miarka B, Guimarães E, Gomes FRF, Tagusari FI, Tani G. A New Developmental Approach for Judo Focusing on Health, Physical, Motor, and Educational Attributes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2260. [PMID: 36767628 PMCID: PMC9916334 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Judo is currently the most practiced combat sport in the world. There is no doubt of its importance for children, adolescents, adults, and seniors. However, due to its inherent complexity, coaches tend to place greater or lesser emphasis only on one of its multiple domains during the judoka formative years. The present study presents a novel developmental approach signaling Judo as an excellent way for physical, motor, educational, and health development across the lifespan. In this study, we consulted 23 Judo coaches, aiming to clarify the relevance and adequacy of the domains (Competitive, Health, Technical-Tactical, and Philosophical-Educational) and phases of the proposed model. Our findings showed that the model contents-physical, motor, educational, and health-are entwined with its four domains, which were considered of utmost importance by experts in the development of judokas. We, therefore, contend that our model is essential to better understand the growth and development of young judokas. Also, it may be a useful tool for Motor Development experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Garbeloto
- Centre of Research Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bianca Miarka
- Department of Fights, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Guimarães
- Centre of Research Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Fernando Ikeda Tagusari
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Go Tani
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
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11
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Verbecque E, Coetzee D, Smits-Engelsman B. Underweight children are agile but lack power. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:490. [PMID: 35982448 PMCID: PMC9386997 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the knowledge gap in literature on the impact of undernutrition on muscular power and agility in school-aged children, the aim of this study was to compare physical fitness in such underweight- and normal weight children. In this cross-sectional study, 853 children were included (459 boys; mean age: 9.2 (1.8) years). The children were grouped according to their BMI-for-age-and-sex: normal weight (− 1 ≤ z-score < 2) and underweight (z-score < − 1). Within the underweight group, three thinness subgroups were composed: grade 1 (− 2 ≤ z-score < − 1), grade 2 (− 3 ≤ z-score < − 2) and grade 3 (z-score < − 3). Their agility, muscular endurance and power were assessed with the Performance and Fitness test battery (PERF-FIT). Regardless the country they lived in, the underweight children showed better agility (p = 0.012) and muscular endurance (p = 0.004) than those with normal weight. They presented with lower muscular power than the normal weight group, shown by significantly shorter overhead throwing distances (p = 0.017) and less standing long jump peak power (p < 0.001). The standing long jump peak power decreased further with increasing thinness grade (p = 0.027). Conclusion: Underweight children are more agile, but have lower muscular power compared to their normal weight peers. Its relationship with motor competence and physical activity, necessitates attention for tackling muscular strength deficiencies in these children, enabling them to meet the basic requirements for a healthy lifestyle later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Verbecque
- Rehabilitation Research Centre (REVAL), Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dané Coetzee
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Bouwien Smits-Engelsman
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. .,Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Suite F-45, Old Main Building, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
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12
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Paez J, Hurtado J, Reyes T, Abusleme R, Arroyo P, Oñate C. Relationship between Parents' Physical Activity Level and the Motor Development Level and BMI of Their Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159145. [PMID: 35897516 PMCID: PMC9332858 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
All the variables that arise in family dynamics can have significant effects on the lives of children concerning their nutritional status and motor development. The objective of this study was to relate the PAL of parents to the level of motor development and the BMI of their children. A total of 198 subjects participated, with the age of the students ranging between 8 and 10 years. To measure the BMI, the norms for the nutritional evaluation of children and teenagers from 5 to 19 years were used; to identify the motor behaviors, the TGMD-2 Test was used; and to identify the level of physical activity of parents, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. For the analysis, the independent samples t-test and the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test (Wilcoxon) were used, and for the correlational analysis, Spearman’s rho test was applied. This study found no significant correlation between the activity level of parents and nutritional status variables (p = 0.162), or between the PAL variables of parents and the motor development of their children (p = 0.738). A parent’s level of physical activity does not have a direct relationship with the nutritional status or the motor development of their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Paez
- Escuela Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar 252000, Chile; (J.H.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Juan Hurtado
- Escuela Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar 252000, Chile; (J.H.); (R.A.)
| | - Tomas Reyes
- Escuela Educación Física, Universidad Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Rosita Abusleme
- Escuela Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar 252000, Chile; (J.H.); (R.A.)
| | - Patricio Arroyo
- Escuela Educación Física, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Cristian Oñate
- Escuela de Kinesiologia, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
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Testing Seefeldt's Proficiency Barrier: A Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127184. [PMID: 35742433 PMCID: PMC9222670 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The idea that proficiency in the fundamental movement skills (FMS) is necessary for the development of more complex motor skills (i.e., the proficiency barrier) and to promote health-enhancing physical activity and health-related physical fitness levels is widespread in the literature of motor development. Nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study assessing whether children presenting proficiency below a specified proficiency barrier would demonstrate difficulty in improving performance in more complex skills-even when subjected to a period of practice in these complex skills. The present study tested this. Eighty-five normal children (44 boys) aged 7 to 10 years participated in the study. The intervention took place during 10 consecutive classes, once a week, lasting 40 min each. Six FMS (running, hopping, leaping, kicking, catching and stationary dribbling) and one transitional motor skill (TMS) (speed dribbling skill) were assessed. The results showed that only those who showed sufficient proficiency in running and stationary dribbling before the intervention were able to show high performance values in the TMS after intervention. In addition, in line with recent propositions, the results show that the basis for development of the TMS was specific critical components of the FMS and that the barrier can be captured through a logistic function. These results corroborate the proficiency barrier hypothesis and highlight that mastering the critical components of the FMS is a necessary condition for motor development.
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Wang G, Zi Y, Li B, Su S, Sun L, Wang F, Ren C, Liu Y. The Effect of Physical Exercise on Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Fitness among Preschool Children: Study Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106331. [PMID: 35627867 PMCID: PMC9141773 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Evidence shows that physical exercise promotes preschoolers’ fundamental movement skills (FMSs) and physical fitness (PF). However, studies that assess the effectiveness of different types of physical exercise interventions to improve FMSs and PF in preschool children remain scarce. To explore and compare the effectiveness of different physical exercise on FMSs and PF, interventions comprising ball games (BGs), rhythm activities (RAs), basic movements (BMs), and a combination of all related activities (multiple activities, MAs) will be conducted among preschoolers. Methods: A single-blind, five-arm, cluster-randomized trial will be conducted in kindergarten in Shanghai, China. In total, 300 healthy preschoolers, aged 4 to 5 years, will be randomized to four intervention groups (BG, RA, BM, or MA) and one control group (unorganized physical activities). Four intervention groups will receive three 30-min lessons weekly for 16 weeks. At the baseline, the end of the 16-week intervention, and the 6-month follow-up after the end of the intervention, the primary outcomes (FMSs and PF) and physical activity (PA), and sociodemographic and anthropometric data will be assessed. Discussion: This study will provide vital information regarding the effect of different physical exercise interventions on preschool children’s FMSs and PF, PA, and the potential interactions between these domains. The most effective intervention strategy can be generalized to kindergarten and other preschool educational institutions in practice to promote preschoolers’ development of FMSs and PF. Conclusions: This study protocol aims to provide a method to solve the problem of “how to arrange physical exercise and which kind of physical exercise program can promote FMS and PF better in preschool children”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxu Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (G.W.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.S.); (F.W.); (C.R.)
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yahua Zi
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Bo Li
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (G.W.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.S.); (F.W.); (C.R.)
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Shan Su
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (G.W.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.S.); (F.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (G.W.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.S.); (F.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (G.W.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.S.); (F.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Chener Ren
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (G.W.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.S.); (F.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (G.W.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.S.); (F.W.); (C.R.)
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- Correspondence:
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15
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Foundational Movement Skills and Play Behaviors during Recess among Preschool Children: A Compositional Analysis. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8070543. [PMID: 34202803 PMCID: PMC8306790 DOI: 10.3390/children8070543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations between play behaviors during preschool recess and foundational movement skills (FMS) in typically developing preschool children. One hundred and thirty-three children (55% male; mean age 4.7 ± 0.5 years) from twelve preschools were video-assessed for six locomotor and six object-control FMS using the Champs Motor Skill Protocol. A modified System for Observing Children's Activity and Relationships during Play assessed play behaviors during preschool recess. Associations between the composition of recess play behaviors with FMS were analyzed using compositional data analysis and linear regression. Results: Relative to time spent in other types of play behaviors, time spent in play without equipment was positively associated with total and locomotor skills, while time spent in locomotion activities was negatively associated with total and locomotor skills. No associations were found between activity level and group size play behavior compositions and FMS. The findings suggest that activity type play behaviors during recess are associated with FMS. While active games without equipment appear beneficial, preschool children may need a richer playground environment, including varied fixed and portable equipment, to augment the play-based development of FMS.
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16
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Bardid F, Utesch T, Stodden DF, Lenoir M. Developmental perspectives on motor competence and physical fitness in youth. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31 Suppl 1:5-7. [PMID: 33871089 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farid Bardid
- School of Education, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Till Utesch
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Physical Education, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Matthieu Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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