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Li J, Chen Y, Wang L, Li D, Liu L, Li M. An ethylene response factor AcERF116 identified from A. catechu is involved in fruitlet abscission. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 344:112091. [PMID: 38615719 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Procedural abscission of outer reproductive organs during flower and fruit development occurs in most plant lineages. Undesired abscission, such as fruitlet shedding causes considerable yield loss in many fruit-producing species. Ethylene is one of the key factors regulating organ abscission. However, the participants involved in the ethylene-mediated abscission pathway remains largely unidentified. In this study, we focused on the ethylene response transcription factors (ERFs) regulating fruitlet abscission in an industrial tree species, A. catechu. A total of 165 ERF genes have been found in the A. catechu genome and eight of these showed distinct expression between the "about-to-abscise" and "non-abscised" samples. An AcERF116 gene with high expression level in the fruit abscission zone (FAZ) was selected for further study. Overexpression of the AcERF116 gene accelerated cell separation in the abscission zone (AZ) and promoted pedicel abscission in transgenic tomato lines. The PG (ploygalacturonase) activity was enhanced in the FAZs of A. catechu fruitlets during ethylene-induced fruitlet abscission, while the PME (pectin methylesterase) activity was suppressed. In addition, cytosolic alkalization was observed in the AZs during abscission in both tomato and A. catechu. Our results suggest that AcERF116 plays a critical role in the crosstalk of ethylene and fruitlet abscission in A. catechu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, PR China
| | - Yunche Chen
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Linkai Wang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, PR China
| | - Dongxia Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, PR China
| | - Liyun Liu
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, PR China.
| | - Meng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, PR China.
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Qiu Z, Hou Q, Wen Z, Tian T, Hong Y, Yang K, Qiao G, Wen X. Identification of PavHB16 gene in Prunus avium and validation of its function in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:559-570. [PMID: 38737325 PMCID: PMC11087415 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is one of the most economically important fruits in the world. However, severe fruit abscission has brought significant challenges to the cherry industry. To better understand the molecular regulation mechanisms underlying excessive fruit abscission in sweet cherry, the fruit abscission characteristics, the anatomical characteristics of the abscission zone (AZ), as well as a homeodomain-Leucine Zipper gene family member PavHB16 function were analyzed. The results showed that the sweet cherry exhibited two fruit abscission peak stages, with the "Brooks" cultivar demonstrating the highest fruit-dropping rate (97.14%). During these two fruit abscission peak stages, both the retention pedicel and the abscising pedicel formed AZs. but the AZ in the abscising pedicel was more pronounced. In addition, a transcription factor, PavHB16, was identified from sweet cherry. The evolutionary analysis showed that there was high homology between PavHB16 and AtHB12 in Arabidopsis. Moreover, the PavHB16 protein was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of PavHB16 in Arabidopsis accelerated petal shedding. In the PavHB16-overexpressed lines, the AZ cells in the pedicel became smaller and denser, and the expression of genes involved in cell wall remodeling, such as cellulase 3 gene (AtCEL3), polygalacturonase 1 (AtPG1), and expandin 24(AtEXPA24) were upregulated. The results suggest that PavHB16 may promote the expression of genes related to cell wall remodeling, ultimately facilitating fruit abscission. In summary, this study cloned the sweet cherry PavHB16 gene and confirmed its function in regulating sweet cherry fruit abscission, which provided new data for further study on the fruit abscission mechanism. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01443-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering (School of Health Medicine Modern Industry), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Qiandong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou China
| | - Zhuang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou China
| | - Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou China
| | - Yi Hong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou China
| | - Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou China
| | - Guang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou China
| | - Xiaopeng Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou China
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Li J, Chen Y, Zhou G, Li M. Phytohormones and candidate genes synergistically regulate fruitlet abscission in Areca catechu L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:537. [PMID: 37919647 PMCID: PMC10623784 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fruit population of most plants is under the control of a process named "physiological drop" to selectively abort some developing fruitlets. However, frequent fruitlet abscission severely restricts the yield of Areca catechu. To reveal the physiological and molecular variations in this process, we detected the variation of phytohormone levels in abscised and non-abscised fruitlets in A. catechu. RESULTS The levels of gibberellin acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, abscisic acid and zeatin were elevated, while the indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-carboxaldehyde levels were declined in the "about-to-abscise" part (AB) of abscission zone (AZ) compared to the "non-abscised" part (CK). Then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AB and CK were screened based on transcriptome data. DEGs involved in phytohormone synthesis, response and transportation were identified as key genes. Genes related to cell wall biosynthesis, degradation, loosening and modification, and critical processes during fruit abscission were identified as role players. In addition, genes encoding transcription factors, such as NAC, ERF, WRKY, MADS and Zinc Finger proteins, showed differentially expressed patterns between AB and CK, were also identified as candidates. CONCLUSIONS These results unraveled a phytohormone signaling cross talk and key genes involved in the fruitlet abscission process in A. catechu. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for fruitlet abscission in A. catechu, but also identified many candidate genes or potential molecular markers for further breeding of fruit trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, 571339, Hainan, China
| | - Yunche Chen
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, 571339, Hainan, China
| | - Guangzhen Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, P. R. China.
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He Z, Ma X, Wang F, Li J, Zhao M. LcERF10 functions as a positive regulator of litchi fruitlet abscission. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126264. [PMID: 37572813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormone ethylene is well-known in positive modulation of plant organ abscission. However, the molecular mechanism underlying ethylene-induced abscission remains largely unknown. Here, we identified an ethylene-responsive factor, LcERF10, as a key regulatory gene in litchi fruitlet abscission. LcERF10 was strongly induced in the fruitlet abscission zone (FAZ) during the ethylene-activated abscission. Silencing of LcERF10 in litchi weakened the cytosolic alkalization of the FAZ and reduced fruitlet abscission. Moreover, LcERF10 directly bound the promoter and repressed the expression of LcNHX7, a Na+/H+ exchanger that was down-regulated in FAZ following the ethylene-activated abscission and up-regulated after LcERF10 silencing. Additionally, ectopic expression of LcERF10 in Arabidopsis promoted the cytosolic alkalization of the floral organ AZ and accelerated the floral organ abscission. Collectively, our results suggest that the transcription factor LcERF10 plays a positive role in litchi fruitlet abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidi He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xingshuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Minglei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhang C, Zhang C, Xu X, Liao M, Tong N, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Xu Han X, Lin Y, Lai Z. Transcriptome analysis provides insight into the regulatory mechanisms underlying pollen germination recovery at normal high ambient temperature in wild banana ( Musa itinerans). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1255418. [PMID: 37822335 PMCID: PMC10562711 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1255418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Cultivated banana are polyploid, with low pollen fertility, and most cultivars are male sterile, which leads to difficulties in banana breeding research. The selection of male parent with excellent resistance and pollen fertility is therefore essential for banana breeding. Wild banana (Musa itinerans) have developed many good characteristics during natural selection and constitute an excellent gene pool for breeding. Therefore, research on wild banana breeding is very important for banana breeding. Results In the current analysis, we examined the changes in viability of wild banana pollens at different temperatures by in vitro germination, and found that the germination ability of wild banana pollens cultured at 28°C for 2 days was higher than that of pollens cultured at 23°C (pollens that could not germinate normally under low temperature stress), 24°C (cultured at a constant temperature for 2 days) and 32°C (cultured at a constant temperature for 2 days). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the germination restoration process in wild banana pollens, we selected the wild banana pollens that had lost its germination ability under low temperature stress (23°C) as the control group (CK) and the wild banana pollens that had recovered its germination ability under constant temperature incubation of 28°C for 2 days as the treatment group (T) for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 921 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in CK vs T, of which 265 were up-regulated and 656 were down-regulated. The combined analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) revealed that the activation, metabolism of various substances (lipids, sugars, amino acids) play a major role in restoring pollen germination capacity. TCA cycle and the sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthetic pathways were also significantly enriched in the KEGG pathway. And we found that some DEGs may be associated with pollen wall formation, DNA methylation and DNA repair. The cysteine content, free fatty acid (FFA) content, H2O2 content, fructose content, and sucrose content of pollen were increased at treatment of 28°C, while D-Golactose content was decreased. Finally, the GO pathway was enriched for a total of 24 DEGs related to pollen germination, of which 16 DEGs received targeted regulation by 14 MYBs. Discussions Our study suggests that the balance between various metabolic processes, pollen wall remodelling, DNA methylation, DNA repairs and regulation of MYBs are essential for germination of wild banana pollens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Xu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minzhang Liao
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Tong
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Xu Han
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institut de la Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Toulouse, IRIT-ARI, Toulouse, France
| | - Yuling Lin
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Liao G, Duan Y, Wang C, Zhuang Z, Wang H. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of the NAC Gene Family in Litchi chinensis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1416. [PMID: 37510318 PMCID: PMC10379382 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
NAC proteins play an essential role in the growth and development of litchi, especially during reproductive development. However, a comprehensive analysis of the litchi NAC gene family is currently absent. Based on information from the litchi genome, we found that the 112 NAC genes of litchi show an uneven distribution on the chromosomes. Phylogenetic and conserved structural domain analyses indicated that different types of variability were exhibited in the family of litchi NACs (LcNACs). Gene covariance analysis showed that the LcNACs showed better similarity in the same genus than with Arabidopsis. We further investigated the differential expression patterns of LcNACs in buds and rudimentary leaves of litchi. qRT-PCR results implied that they were involved in the process. Profiling of LcNAC promoter elements in litchi showed that they were extensively involved in light response, phytohormone regulation, abiotic stress response, and plant growth and development processes. This study provides new insights into the identification, structural characterization, tissue-specific expression analysis, and promoter response elements of LcNACs. It reveals the characteristics of the LcNACs and lays the foundation for the subsequent understanding of its biological functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Liao
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Zebin Zhuang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Haishi Wang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou 510520, China
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Zhao X, Zeng L, Wang J, Shi Y, Zhang B, Liu Y, Pan Y, Li X. Quantitative N-Glycomic and N-Glycoproteomic Profiling of Peach [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] during Fruit Ripening. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:885-895. [PMID: 36725203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Being part of the human diet, peach is an important fruit consumed worldwide. In the present study, a systematic first insight into the N-glycosylation of peach fruit during ripening was provided. First, N-glycome by reactive matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry indicated that 6 of 24 N-glycans of peach were differentially expressed. Second, a comparative N-glycoproteome was characterized via 18O-tagged N-glycosylation site labeling followed by nano-liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS/MS). Totally 1464 N-glycosites on 881 N-glycoproteins were identified, among which 291 N-glycosites on 237 N-glycoproteins were expressed differentially with a fold change value of 1.5 or 0.67. The enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG revealed that four pathways including other glycan degradation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were mainly enriched, in which several important N-glycoproteins with dynamic change during fruit ripening were further screened out. Our findings on a large scale for N-glycosylation analysis of peach fruit during ripening may provide new molecular insights for comprehending N-glycoprotein functions, which should be of great interest to both glycobiologists and analytical chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanna Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Yi JW, Ge HT, Abbas F, Zhao JT, Huang XM, Hu GB, Wang HC. Function of a non-enzymatic hexokinase LcHXK1 as glucose sensor in regulating litchi fruit abscission. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:130-141. [PMID: 35951668 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fruit abscission is a severe hindrance to commercial crop production, and a lack of carbohydrates causes fruit abscission to intensify in a variety of plant species. However, the precise mechanism by which carbohydrates affect fruit setting potential has yet to be determined. In the current study, we noticed negative correlation between hexose level and fruit setting by comparing different cultivars, bearing shoots of varying diameters, and girdling and defoliation treatments. The cumulative fruit-dropping rate was significantly reduced in response to exogenous glucose dipping. These results suggested that hexose, especially glucose, is the key player in lowering litchi fruit abscission. Moreover, five putative litchi hexokinase genes (LcHXKs) were isolated and the subcellular localization as well as activity of their expressed proteins in catalyzing hexose phosphorylation were investigated. LcHXK2 was only found in mitochondria and expressed catalytic protein, whereas the other four HXKs were found in both mitochondria and nuclei and had no activity in catalyzing hexose phosphorylation. LcHXK1 and LcHXK4 were found in the same cluster as previously reported hexose sensors AtHXK1 and MdHXK1. Furthermore, VIGS-mediated silencing assay confirms that LcHXK1 suppression increases fruit abscission. These findings revealed that LcHXK1 functions as hexose sensor, negatively regulating litchi fruit abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Wen Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Han-Tao Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie-Tang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xu-Ming Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gui-Bing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling 408100, China
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Lu L, Arif S, Yu JM, Lee JW, Park YH, Tucker ML, Kim J. Involvement of IDA-HAE Module in Natural Development of Tomato Flower Abscission. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:185. [PMID: 36616314 PMCID: PMC9823658 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The unwanted detachment of organs such as flowers, leaves, and fruits from the main body of a plant (abscission) has significant effects on agricultural practice. Both timely and precise regulation of organ abscission from a plant is crucial as it influences the agricultural yield. The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has become a model system for research on organ abscission. Here, we characterized four tomato natural abscission variants named jointless (j), functionally impaired jointless (fij), functionally impaired jointless like (fij like), and normal joint (NJ), based on their cellular features within the flower abscission zones (AZ). Using eight INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (SlIDA) genes and eight HAESA genes (SlHAE) identified in the genome sequence of tomato, we analyzed the pattern of gene expression during flower abscission. The AZ-specific expression for three tomato abscission polygalacturonases (SlTAPGs) in the development of flower AZ, and the progression of abscission validated our natural abscission system. Compared to that of j, fij, and fij like variants, the AZ-specific expression for SlIDA, SlIDL2, SlIDL3, SlIDL4, and SlIDL5 in the NJ largely corelated and increased with the process of abscission. Of eight SlHAE genes examined, the expression for SlHSL6 and SlHSL7 were found to be AZ-specific and increased as abscission progressed in the NJ variant. Unlike the result of gene expression obtained from natural abscission system, an in silico analysis of transcriptional binding sites uncovered that SlIDA genes (SlIDA, SlIDL6, and SlIDL7) are predominantly under the control of environmental stress, while most of the SlHSL genes are affiliated with the broader context in developmental processes and stress responses. Our result presents the potential bimodal transcriptional regulation of the tomato IDA-HAE module associated with flower abscission in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Samiah Arif
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Myoung Yu
- Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - June Woo Lee
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
- Quality Assurance Team, Quality Assurance Department, Nongwoobio Co., Ltd., Yeoju 12655, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Park
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Leo Tucker
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Lab, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Building 006, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Joonyup Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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10
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, He Y, Du T, Shan D, Fan H, Wang W, Qin Z, Xin C, Pei H. Metabolome and transcriptome integration reveals insights into the process of delayed petal abscission in rose by STS. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1045270. [PMID: 36457520 PMCID: PMC9706100 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1045270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The abscission of plant organs plays an important role in ensuring the normal life activities. Rose is one of the most important ornamental plants, and its premature abscission of petal has seriously affected the quality and commercial value. Silver Thiosulfate (STS) is an ethylene inhibitor, which is often used preservative to delay the senescence of fresh cut flowers. To understand the regulatory mechanism of petal abscission in rose by STS, integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome profiles was performed in abscission zone (AZ) tissues of rose under different treatments (MOCK, STS, ETH, STS+ETH). The results showed that STS significantly delayed the petal abscission in phenotype and reduced the activity of two enzymes (pectinase and cellulase) associated with cell wall degradation in physiological level. STS affected the contents of five metabolites (shikonin, jasmonic acid, gluconolactone, stachyose and D-Erythrose 4-phosphate), and involved changes in the expression of 39 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with these five metabolites. Five DEGs (LOC112192149, LOC112196726, LOC112189737, LOC112188495, and LOC112188936) were probably directly associated with the biosynthesis of shikonin, jasmonic acid, and D-Erythrose 4-phosphate. Meanwhile, the effect of STS on the abscission process significantly involved in the pentose phosphate pathway and amino acid biosynthesis pathway. In addition, STS had a greater effect on the transcription factors, phytohormone related DEGs represented by auxin and ethylene, DEGs related to disease resistance and amino acid, etc. Above all, STS negatively influences petal abscission of rose, these results maybe provide a reference for subsequent studies on petal abscission of rose by STS.
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11
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Li J, Jia X, Yang Y, Chen Y, Wang L, Liu L, Li M. Genome-Wide Identification of the DOF Gene Family Involved in Fruitlet Abscission in Areca catechu L. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911768. [PMID: 36233072 PMCID: PMC9569674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruitlet abscission frequently occurs in Areca catechu L. and causes considerable production loss. However, the inducement mechanism of fruitlet abscission remains mysterious. In this study, we observed that the cell architecture in the abscission zone (AZ) was distinct with surrounding tissues, and varied obviously before and after abscission. Transcriptome analysis of the “about-to-abscise” and “non-abscised” AZs were performed in A. catechu, and the genes encoding the plant-specific DOF (DNA-binding with one finger) transcription factors showed a uniform up-regulation in AZ, suggesting a role of the DOF transcription in A. catechu fruitlet abscission. In total, 36 members of the DOF gene family distributed in 13 chromosomes were identified from the A. catechu genome. The 36 AcDOF genes were classified into nine subgroups based on phylogenic analysis. Six of them showed an AZ-specific expression pattern, and their expression levels varied according to the abscission process. In total, nine types of phytohormone response cis-elements and five types of abiotic stress related cis-elements were identified in the promoter regions of the AcDOF genes. In addition, histochemical staining showed that lignin accumulation of vascular bundles in AZ was significantly lower than that in pedicel and mesocarp, indicating the specific characteristics of the cell architecture in AZ. Our data suggests that the DOF transcription factors might play a role in fruitlet abscission regulation in A. catechu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Xiaocheng Jia
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Yaodong Yang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Yunche Chen
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Linkai Wang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Liyun Liu
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13319516033
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12
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Zhou Y, Li Z, Zhu H, Jiang Y, Jiang G, Qu H. Energy homeostasis mediated by the LcSnRK1α-LcbZIP1/3 signaling pathway modulates litchi fruit senescence. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:698-712. [PMID: 35634876 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cellular energy status is a key factor deciding the switch-on of the senescence of horticultural crops. Despite the established significance of the conserved energy master regulator sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) in plant development, its working mechanism and related signaling pathway in the regulation of fruit senescence remain enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that energy deficit accelerates fruit senescence, whereas exogenous ATP treatment delays it. The transient suppression of LcSnRK1α in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruit inhibited the expression of energy metabolism-related genes, while its ectopic expression in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) promoted ripening and a high energy level. Biochemical analyses revealed that LcSnRK1α interacted with and phosphorylated the transcription factors LcbZIP1 and LcbZIP3, which directly bound to the promoters to activate the expression of DARK-INDUCIBLE 10 (LcDIN10), ASPARAGINE SYNTHASE 1 (LcASN1), and ANTHOCYANIN SYNTHASE (LcANS), thereby fine-tuning the metabolic reprogramming to ensure energy and redox homeostasis. Altogether, these observations reveal a post-translational modification mechanism by which LcSnRK1α-mediated phosphorylation of LcbZIP1 and LcbZIP3 regulates the expression of metabolic reprogramming-related genes, consequently modulating litchi fruit senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guoxiang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Hongxia Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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13
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Song X, Dai H, Wang S, Ji S, Zhou X, Li J, Zhou Q. Putrescine Treatment Delayed the Softening of Postharvest Blueberry Fruit by Inhibiting the Expression of Cell Wall Metabolism Key Gene VcPG1. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11101356. [PMID: 35631781 PMCID: PMC9143846 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The postharvest shelf life of blueberries is very short at room temperature owing to softening, which reduces their edible value. Putrescine (Put) plays an important role in maintaining the firmness and prolonging the storage time of fruits. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between Put and the cell wall metabolism and their roles in the postharvest softening of blueberry. Harvested blueberry fruit was immersed in 1 mM Put aqueous solution for 10 min. After treatment, the blueberries were stored at 20 ± 0.5 °C and 80% relative humidity for 10 days. The results show that Put delayed the softening of the blueberries. Compared to the control, the blueberry fruit treated with Put showed higher levels of firmness and protopectin. Moreover, the activity and expression levels of the cell wall metabolism enzymes were markedly inhibited by the Put treatment, including polygalacturonase (PG), β−galactosylase (β−Gal), and β−glucosidase (β−Glu). The Put treatment promoted the expression of the Put synthesis gene VcODC and inhibited the expression of the Put metabolism gene VcSPDS. Further tests showed that the fruit firmness decreased significantly after the overexpression of VcPG1, which verified that VcPG1 is a key gene for fruit softening. The key transcription factors of fruit softening were preliminarily predicted and the expressions were analyzed, laying a foundation for the subsequent study of transcriptional regulation. These results indicate that Put delays the softening of postharvest blueberry by restraining the cell wall metabolism and maintaining the fruit firmness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchong Song
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.S.); (H.D.); (S.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongyu Dai
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.S.); (H.D.); (S.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Siyao Wang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China;
| | - Shujuan Ji
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.S.); (H.D.); (S.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.S.); (H.D.); (S.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianan Li
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.S.); (H.D.); (S.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Qian Zhou
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.S.); (H.D.); (S.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Cui Z, Sun H, Lu Y, Ren L, Xu X, Li D, Wang R, Ma C. Variations in Pedicel Structural Properties Among Four Pear Species ( Pyrus): Insights Into the Relationship Between the Fruit Characteristics and the Pedicel Structure. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:815283. [PMID: 35173757 PMCID: PMC8841830 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.815283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fruit pedicel is the bridge linking the parent tree and the fruit, which is an important channel for water and nutrients transport to the fruit. The genetic specificity determines the characteristics of the pedicel and the fruit, but the relationship between the pedicel structure and the fruit characteristics is unexplored. Combining the investigation of fruit characteristics, the statistical analysis of the pedicel structural properties, and the 2D and 3D anatomical observation of the pedicel, this study found distinctive contributions of the pedicel elements to the fruit characteristics in four pear species. The European pear (Conference) showed distinct fruit shape index and pedicel structural properties compared with the oriental pears (Akizuki, Yali, and Nanguoli). The fruit size positively correlated with pedicel length, fiber area, pedicel diameter, the area percentage of the cortex, and the area percentage of phloem; however, fruit firmness and soluble solids concentration are showed a stronger positive correlation with xylem area, pith area, the area percentage of xylem, the area percentage of sieve tube, and the area percentage of pith. Pedicel elements, including pith, fiber, and cortex, likely play a certain role in the fruit growth due to the variations of their characteristics demonstrated in the four pear species. The porosity, the ratio of the surface area to the volume, and the spatial arrangement of the vessels showed significant variations across the pear species, indicating the distinction of the hydraulic conductance of the pedicels. Our findings provided direct evidence that pedicel structural elements contributed distinctively to the fruit characteristics among pear species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Cui
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoqi Sun
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuqin Lu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Lixin Ren
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinrui Xu
- Sanying Precision Instruments Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Dingli Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Ran Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunhui Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
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