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Meulenbeld A, Ramondt S, Sweegers MG, Quee FA, Prinsze FJ, Hoogendijk EO, Swinkels DW, van den Hurk K. Effectiveness of ferritin-guided donation intervals in whole-blood donors in the Netherlands (FIND'EM): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 2024; 404:31-43. [PMID: 38880108 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01085-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-blood donors are at increased risk for iron deficiency and anaemia. The current standard of haemoglobin monitoring is insufficient to ensure the maintenance of proper iron reserves and donor health. We aimed to determine the effects of ferritin-guided donation intervals for blood donor health and blood supply in the Netherlands. METHODS In this stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial (FIND'EM), the 138 fixed and mobile donation centres in the Netherlands are organised into 29 geographical clusters and the clusters were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, with two groups being further split into two per a protocol amendment. Eligible donors were whole-blood donors who consented for use of their leftover material in the study. Each group was sequentially crossed over from the existing policy (haemoglobin-based screening; control) to a ferritin-guided donation interval policy over a 3-year period. In the intervention groups, in addition to the existing haemoglobin screening, ferritin was measured in all new donors and at every fifth donation in repeat donors. Subsequent donation intervals were extended to 6 months if ferritin concentrations were 15-30 ng/mL and to 12 months if they were less than 15 ng/mL. Outcomes were measured cross-sectionally across all donation centres at four timepoints. Primary outcomes were ferritin and haemoglobin concentrations, iron deficiency, and haemoglobin-based deferrals. We assessed all outcomes by sex and menopausal status and significance for primary outcomes was indicated by a p value of less than 0·0125. This trial is registered in the Dutch trial registry, NTR6738, and is complete. FINDINGS Between Sept 11, 2017, and Nov 27, 2020, 412 888 whole-blood donors visited a donation centre, and we did measurements on samples from 37 621 donations from 36 099 donors. Over 38 months, ferritin-guided donation intervals increased mean ferritin concentrations (by 0·18 log10 ng/mL [95% CI 0·15-0·22; p<0·0001] in male donors, 0·10 log10 ng/mL [0·06-0·15; p<0·0001] in premenopausal female donors, and 0·17 log10 ng/mL [0·12-0·21; p<0·0001] in postmenopausal female donors) and mean haemoglobin concentrations (by 0·30 g/dL [95% CI 0·22-0·38; p<0·0001] in male donors, 0·12 g/dL [0·03-0·20; p<0·0074] in premenopausal female donors, and 0·16 g/dL [0·05-0·27; p<0·0044] in postmenopausal female donors). Iron deficiency decreased by 36-38 months (odds ratio [OR] 0·24 [95% CI 0·18-0·31; p<0·0001] for male donors, 0·49 [0·37-0·64; p<0·0001] for premenopausal female donors, and 0·24 [0·15-0·37; p<0·0001] for postmenopausal female donors). At 36-38 months, haemoglobin-based deferral decreased significantly in male donors (OR at 36-38 months 0·21 [95% CI 0·10-0·40, p<0·0001]) but not significantly in premenopausal or postmenopausal female donors (0·81 [0·54-1·20; p=0·29] and 0·50 [95% CI 0·25-0·98; p=0·051], respectively). INTERPRETATION Ferritin-guided donation intervals significantly improved haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations and significantly decreased iron deficiency over the study period. Haemoglobin-based deferrals decreased significantly for male donors, but not female donors. Although this intervention is overall beneficial for maintenance of iron and haemoglobin concentrations in donors, increased efforts are needed to recruit and retain donors. FUNDING The Sanquin Research Programming Committee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Meulenbeld
- Donor Health, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven Ramondt
- Donor Health, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Communication Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Franke A Quee
- Donor Health, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of General Practice, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, location VU University Medical centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dorine W Swinkels
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands; Centre for Iron Disorders Sanquin, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katja van den Hurk
- Donor Health, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Infanti L. Protecting the blood donor: ferritin-based intervals to improve donor health. Lancet 2024; 404:2-3. [PMID: 38880109 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Infanti
- Regional Transfusion Centre Swiss Red Cross Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Hematology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland.
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Jagirdar H, Nwobi NH, Swanevelder R, Cockeran R, Bruhn R, Kaidarova Z, Bravo MD, van den Berg K, Custer BS, Vassallo R, Ding Y, Panagiotoglou D, Russell WA. Blood donor return behavior in South Africa and the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Transfusion 2024. [PMID: 38940011 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies preceding the COVID-19 pandemic found that slower time-to-return was associated with first-time, deferred, and mobile drive blood donors. How donor return dynamics changed during the COVID-19 pandemic is not well understood. METHODS We analyzed visits by whole blood donors from 2017 to 2022 in South Africa (SA) and the United States (US) stratified by mobile and fixed environment, first-time and repeat donor status, and pre-COVID19 (before March 2020) and intra-COVID19. We used Kaplan-Meier curves to characterize time-to-return, cumulative incidence functions to analyze switching between donation environments, and Cox proportional hazards models to analyze factors influencing time-to-return. RESULTS Overall time-to-return was shorter in SA. Pre-COVID19, the proportion of donors returning within a year of becoming eligible was lower for deferred donors in both countries regardless of donation environment and deferral type. Intra-COVID19, the gap between deferred and non-deferred donors widened in the US but narrowed in SA, where efforts to schedule return visits from deferred donors were intensified, particularly for non-hemoglobin-related deferrals. Intra-COVID19, the proportion of donors returning within a year in SA was higher for deferred first-time donors (>81%) than for successful first-time donors (80% at fixed sites; 69% at mobile drives). CONCLUSIONS The pandemic complicated efforts to recruit new donors and schedule returning visits after completed donations. Concerted efforts to improve time-to-return for deferred donors helped mitigate donation loss in SA during the public health emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huzbah Jagirdar
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nkasiobi H Nwobi
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Riana Cockeran
- South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Roberta Bruhn
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Karin van den Berg
- South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Clinical Haematology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Brian S Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Yichuan Ding
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - W Alton Russell
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Espinoza Chamorro R, Santos LHO, Mori Y, Liu C, Yamamoto G, Kuroda T. Gamification Approach to Provide Support About the Deferral Experience in Blood Donation: Design and Feasibility Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2024; 11:e50086. [PMID: 38875005 PMCID: PMC11214031 DOI: 10.2196/50086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have examined the impact of deferral on the motivation of prospective blood donors, proposing various policies and strategies to support individuals who undergo this experience. However, existing information and communications technology systems focused on blood donation have not yet integrated these ideas or provided options to assist with the deferral experience. OBJECTIVE This study aims to propose an initial gamified design aimed at mitigating the impact of the deferral experience by addressing the drivers of awareness and knowledge, interaction and validation, and motivation. Additionally, the study explores the feasibility of implementing such a system for potential users. METHODS We conducted a literature review focusing on the dynamics of motivation and intention related to blood donation, as well as the deferral situation and its impact on citizens. Through this review, we identified weak donor identity, lack of knowledge, and reduced motivation as key factors requiring support from appropriate interventions. These factors were then defined as our key drivers. Taking these into account, we proposed a gamification approach that incorporates concepts from the MDA framework. The aim is to stimulate the aforementioned drivers and expand the concept of contribution and identity in blood donation. For a preliminary evaluation, we designed a prototype to collect feedback on usability, usefulness, and interest regarding a potential implementation of our proposed gamification approach. RESULTS Among the participants, a total of 11 citizens interacted with the app and provided feedback through our survey. They indicated that interacting with the app was relatively easy, with an average score of 4.13 out of 5 when considering the 11 tasks of interaction. The SUS results yielded a final average score of 70.91 from the participants' answers. Positive responses were received when participants were asked about liking the concept of the app (3.82), being likely to download it (3.55), and being likely to recommend it to others (3.64). Participants expressed positivity about the implementation of the design but also highlighted current shortcomings and suggested possible improvements in both functionality and usability. CONCLUSIONS Although deferral is a common issue in blood donation, there is a missed opportunity in existing ICT services regarding how to effectively handle such experiences. Our proposed design and implementation seem to have captured the interest of prospective users due to its perceived positive usefulness and potential. However, further confirmation is needed. Improving the design of activities that currently rely heavily on extrinsic motivation elements and integrating more social components to create an enhanced activity loop for intrinsic motivation could further increase the value of the proposed project. Future research could involve conducting a more specialized and longitudinal design evaluation with a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chang Liu
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Ekroos S, Karregat J, Toffol E, Castrén J, Arvas M, van den Hurk K. Menstrual blood loss is an independent determinant of hemoglobin and ferritin levels in premenopausal blood donors. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024. [PMID: 38856303 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To prevent blood donors from developing iron deficiency (ferritin <15 μg/L) and subsequent anemia (hemoglobin <120 g/L), blood services rely on information about known risk factors, including the donor's sex and age. For example, while Finnish women are able to donate whole blood with a minimum donation interval of 91 days, women in the 18 to 25-year-old age group are recommended to donate no more than once per year. Menstrual blood loss is not accounted for in blood donation interval recommendations, despite being a known risk factor of iron deficiency. We aim to investigate to what extent menstrual bleeding is associated with ferritin and hemoglobin levels in female blood donors, and quantify the association of other menstruation-related variables not currently accounted for by blood services (i.e., use of hormonal contraception, heavy menstrual bleeding) with iron deficiency or anemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study population consisted of 473 premenopausal and 491 postmenopausal Dutch whole blood donors. Exclusion criteria were current pregnancy, BMI ≥50, ferritin ≥200, pictorial blood assessment chart (PBAC) ≥400, and age <18 or ≥70 years. Menstrual blood loss was quantified using a PBAC, a semiquantitative method to evaluate the number of used menstrual products and the degree of staining. We identified predictors of log(ferritin)/hemoglobin and iron deficiency/anemia using Bayesian linear and logistic regression models and quantified the average percentage of variance in log(ferritin) and hemoglobin explained by the covariates. RESULTS Menstrual blood loss accounted for most of the explained variance in hemoglobin (8%) and second only to the number of days since last donation for ferritin (8%). Heavy menstrual bleeding (PBAC ≥150, OR = 3.56 [1.45-8.85], prevalence 13%) was associated with anemia, and use of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device was negatively associated with iron deficiency (OR = 0.06 [0.01-0.44]). After statistical control for menstrual blood loss, age was not associated with iron status. CONCLUSIONS Menstrual blood loss and blood donation were the most important determinants of iron status in premenopausal women. Thus, results suggest that accounting for menstrual blood loss in donation interval guidelines may benefit blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Ekroos
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Karregat
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Toffol
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Castrén
- Finnish Red Cross, Blood Service (FRCBS), Research and Development, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Arvas
- Finnish Red Cross, Blood Service (FRCBS), Research and Development, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja van den Hurk
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Maßnahmen zur Spendewerbung. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024; 67:606-608. [PMID: 38743257 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
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Preußel K, Albrecht S, Offergeld R. Compliance of blood donors in Germany with non-sexual deferral criteria. Vox Sang 2024; 119:308-314. [PMID: 38226700 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In addition to mandatory testing of blood donations, the deferral of donors in the case of various sexual and non-sexual risk exposures ensures the safety of blood products in Germany. The study aimed to quantify non-disclosure of non-sexual risk exposures, as no data are available so far. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted an anonymous online survey among whole-blood donors with successful donations between January and March 2020. Data on travel to countries with endemic malaria, recent mild or febrile infections, tattoos or piercings and drug use were collected. We analysed non-compliance in relation to donor demographics by multivariable analyses. RESULTS Altogether, 5.4% of the donors were non-compliant. Non-disclosure was highest for mild infection with 3.3% of donors, followed by febrile infections (1.4%), travel to malaria endemic countries (0.7%) and body modifications (0.5%). Intravenous drug use was negligible in our study population. Age was a predictor for all investigated risks, with higher prevalence in younger age groups. Prevalence ratios for non-disclosure of body modifications and mild infection were higher in females than males. Donation in blood establishments with mobile services was associated with higher non-disclosure of mild infections. CONCLUSION The considerable degree of non-compliance in some donor groups reflects the prevalence of risk factors in the underlying population (e.g., body modification) as well as probable tendency to socially desirable responding. Donor education should not focus exclusively on sexual risk behaviour, as undisclosed non-sexual exposures may bear risks for recipients and donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Preußel
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Albrecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruth Offergeld
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Karregat JHM, Blokhuis D, Quee FA, van den Hurk K. Iron supplementation: A qualitative study on the perception of blood donors, blood collection staff and donor physicians. Vox Sang 2024; 119:16-26. [PMID: 37861453 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Iron supplementation is an effective strategy to mitigate donation-induced iron deficiency in blood donors. However, evidence on the perception of individuals involved in blood donation on iron supplementation as a blood service policy is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and perception of whole blood donors (donors), blood collection staff (collection staff) and donor physicians (physicians) regarding donation-induced iron loss and iron supplementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Online focus group discussions had four to six participants and followed a structured questioning approach. All participants had to be fluent in Dutch to participate, and donors had donated at least five times. Sixteen donors, eight collection staff members and four physicians participated in this study. Recordings were transcribed, coded and analysed using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS Awareness of donation-induced iron loss was limited in donors. Donors and physicians were predominantly positive towards iron supplementation; the primary motivator for donors was to prevent deferral and reduce iron-deficiency-related symptoms. Improving donor health was the main argument for physicians to advocate iron supplementation. Staff had a critical view on iron supplementation as a policy, as they perceived it as unethical and possibly ineffective. A knowledge gap might underlie their concerns. CONCLUSION Most individuals involved in blood donation are positive towards iron supplementation as a blood service policy. If implemented, guidance and monitoring is desired and adequate education of all stakeholders is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H M Karregat
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health (APH) Research Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dayna Blokhuis
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franke A Quee
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health (APH) Research Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katja van den Hurk
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health (APH) Research Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Feng W, Yun W, Le W, Zhi-guo X, Hai-ying Y, Shu-fang W, Zhen-yan W, Yi-zhu C, Quan S, Jing-xian F. The influence of demographic and lifestyle factors on blood donation delay among student population: a retrospective study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1297472. [PMID: 38125844 PMCID: PMC10731257 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1297472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study analysed blood donation deferral trends, reasons and demographic/lifestyle characteristics among students in Huzhou City. The aim was to understand the health status of students and reduce the deferral rate. Methods Data on blood donation deferral among students in Huzhou City from 2018 to 2022 were collected and analysed. Deferral trends and main reasons were investigated. Using demographic and lifestyle data from 2,619 cases in 2022, a risk prediction model for deferral was constructed. Results The deferral rate among students in Huzhou City from 2018 to 2022 was 12.60% (p = 0.000, 95%CI: 12.14-13.06%), showing a significant increasing trend. Temporary deferral was the main reason, with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood pressure (BP) and haemoglobin (Hb) as the main deferral factors. ALT had a deferral rate of 5.23% (4.92-5.53%), BP 3.30% (3.06-3.55%), and Hb 2.92% (2.68-3.15%). Demographic and lifestyle characteristics in 2022 showed no significant differences between education level, household registration and deferral rate (p > 0.05). However, age, sex, blood donation history, sleep quality, diet and mental state had variable effects on ALT, BP, and Hb deferrals (p < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that sex, blood donation history, sleep quality, diet and mental status were independent risk factors for ALT deferral (p < 0.05), with odds ratios (ORs) of 5.057, 2.735, 1.594, 3.679, and 1.957, respectively. Age, blood donation history, sleep quality and mental state were independent risk factors for BP deferral (p < 0.05), with ORs of 0.256, 3.658, 6.042, and 1.812, respectively. Gender, blood donation history and diet were independent risk factors for Hb deferral (p < 0.05), with ORs of 0.244, 0.542, and 3.103, respectively. Conclusion Students' health problems require attention. Effective health education should improve self-health management and pre-donation health behaviour to encourage regular blood donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Feng
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wang Yun
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wang Le
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Zhi-guo
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Hai-ying
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Shu-fang
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhen-yan
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Yi-zhu
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sun Quan
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Jing-xian
- Huzhou Central Blood Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Siekierska B, Tomaszek L, Kurleto P, Turkanik E, Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska W. Blood donation practice and its associated factors among Polish population: secondary data analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1251828. [PMID: 37927867 PMCID: PMC10620306 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1251828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Blood transfusion is an intervention widely used in therapeutics (e.g., in the perioperative period), thus, knowledge about factors associated with blood donation is important. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sociodemographic factors, personal values and life satisfaction on blood donation in Poland. Methods Secondary analysis of data. A multiple logistic regression was carried out to assess the relationship between sociodemographic factors, life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale), personal values (Personal Values List) and blood donation. Results Of the 770 respondents aged 18-65 years, 262 respondents (34%) donated blood at least once in their lives. Respondents who believed that blood donation is safe (OR = 1.71; Cl95%: 1.20 to 2.43), were male (OR = 1.47; Cl95%: 1.26 to 1.72), married (OR = 1.31; Cl95%: 1.11 to 1.54) and those with high school education (OR = 0.81; Cl95%: 0.66 to 0.99) were more often blood donors. Conclusion Perceived blood donation safety and sociodemographic factors such as gender, marital status, and education level may influence blood donation. Health education is necessary to increase knowledge and shape positive attitudes toward blood donation among the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Siekierska
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lucyna Tomaszek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
- Pediatric Division, Institute for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Rabka-Zdrój, Poland
| | - Paulina Kurleto
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Edyta Turkanik
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska
- Department of Anaesthesiology Nursing and Intensive Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Hughes SD, France CL, West-Mitchell KA, Pina T, McElfresh D, Sayers M, Bryant BJ. Advancing Understandings of Blood Donation Motivation and Behavior. Transfus Med Rev 2023; 37:150780. [PMID: 37996288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2023.150780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we provide critical analysis of social science research into blood donation motivation and behavior. We first share an understanding of the existing literature and recommendations for future research collectively developed by members of the Working Group on Blood Donors and the Supply: Diversifying while Maintaining the Donor Pool, Donor Selection, and Optimizing Blood Availability and Safety, as part of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's 2022 State of the Science in Transfusion Medicine symposium. Then, rather than aim for a comprehensive treatment, we review 4 newer manuscripts that exemplify aspects of the group's recommendations and report results from countries where the blood supply is based on voluntary, nonremunerated donations. From the substantial existing literature, we selected: (1) a study that employed motivational interviewing techniques, thematic analysis, and surveys to link donation motivations and barriers reported by diverse young donors in the United States to actual donation behavior over a year of subsequent eligibility; (2) a survey regarding donation motivations and barriers and monetary amounts associated with willingness to participate in whole blood, plasma, or platelet collection; (3) a survey-based assessment of various emotional states reported by donors at 2 time points during donation and the relationship between emotional experience and subsequent vasovagal reactions; and (4) an interpretive discourse analysis of blood collection agency messaging to donors and the public in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. We close by noting several challenges posed by the structure of the United States blood system and the current funding environment to conducting rigorous research and translating findings into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana D Hughes
- Vitalant Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | | - Kamille A West-Mitchell
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Theresa Pina
- Gulf Coast Regional Blood Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Duncan McElfresh
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; US Department of Veterans Affairs, Program Evaluation Resource Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Merlyn Sayers
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Carter BloodCare, Bedford, TX, USA
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12
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Mowat Y, Hoad V, Haire B, Masser B, Kaldor J, Heywood A, Thorpe R, McManus H, McGregor S. Prevalence of blood donation eligibility in Australia: A population survey. Transfusion 2023; 63:1519-1527. [PMID: 37464879 PMCID: PMC10952191 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliable estimates of the population proportion eligible to donate blood are needed by blood collection agencies to model the likely impact of changes in eligibility criteria and inform targeted population-level education, recruitment, and retention strategies. In Australia, the sole estimate was calculated 10+ years ago. With several subsequent changes to the eligibility criteria, an updated estimate is required. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional national population survey to estimate eligibility for blood donation. Respondents were aged 18+ and resident in Australia. Results were weighted to obtain a representative sample of the population. RESULTS Estimated population prevalence of blood donation eligibility for those aged 18-74 was 57.3% (95% CI 55.3-59.3). The remaining 42.7% (95% CI 40.7-44.7) were either temporarily (25.3%, 95% CI 23.5-27.2) or permanently ineligible (17.4%, 95% CI 16.1-18.9). Of those eligible at the time of the survey, that is, with the UK geographic deferral for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease included, (52.9%, 95% CI 50.8-54.9), 14.2% (95% CI 12.3-16.3) reported donating blood within the previous 2 years. Eligibility was higher among men (62.6%, 95% CI 59.6-65.6) than women (52.8%, 95% CI 50.1-55.6). The most common exclusion factor was iron deficiency/anemia within the last 6 months; 3.8% (95% CI 3.2-4.6) of the sample were ineligible due to this factor alone. DISCUSSION We estimate that approximately 10.5 million people (57.3% of 18-74-year-olds) are eligible to donate blood in Australia. Only 14.2% of those eligible at the time of survey reported donating blood within the previous 2 years, indicating a large untapped pool of potentially eligible blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Mowat
- The Kirby InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | | | - Bridget Haire
- The Kirby InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Barbara Masser
- Australian Red Cross LifebloodMelbourneAustralia
- School of PsychologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - John Kaldor
- The Kirby InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Anita Heywood
- School of Population HealthUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | | | - Hamish McManus
- The Kirby InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Skye McGregor
- The Kirby InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
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13
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Gammon RR. Personalized medicine comes to a blood center near you. Transfusion 2023; 63:437-440. [PMID: 36905352 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Gammon
- Scientific, Medical and Technical Department, OneBlood, Orlando, Florida, USA
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14
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Vhanda D, Timire C, Chitungo IJB, Chinowaita F, Nkomo SZ, Chagonda S, Nherera B, Dzinamarira T, Kouamou V. Blood donor retention and iron deficiency anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa: A call for more robust donor screening methods. Vox Sang 2023; 118:354-356. [PMID: 36852764 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald Vhanda
- Chemical Pathology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | | | - Frank Chinowaita
- Pathology Department, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Svitsai Chagonda
- Chemical Pathology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Brenda Nherera
- Chemical Pathology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Vinie Kouamou
- Internal Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
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15
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Review of blood donor deferral with emphasis on donor and patient safety. Transfus Clin Biol 2023; 30:56-62. [PMID: 35835317 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood donor deferral is a part and parcel of the commitment of the blood transfusion services to assure the safety and health of the blood donor as well as the recipient. Periodic review of blood donor deferral is to incorporate or revoke deferral reasons based on the evidence generated in the process of review. Therefore, emphasis must be laid on preparing strategies to only judiciously defer blood donors, recruit and retain first time blood donors, which needs critical appraisal of the existing deferral policies, so that the evidence based changes can be done. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of deferral in blood donors who presented at the blood donation centre of an institute of national importance over a span of nine years (2011-2019). Donors were screened as per the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 and Rules 1945 given by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt of India. RESULTS There were 1,37,935 donors attempts, out of which 20,167 (14.6%) donors were deferred from donating blood. Most of the deferred donors were male (88.5%), first time (86.1%) and temporarily deferred (87.6%). Almost comparable number of donors (49.1 % & 48.5%) were deferred for donor safety and patient safety reasons respectively. Overall the three most common reasons for deferral were low hemoglobin (21.6%), hypertension (11.4%) and history of jaundice (9%). In donor safety reasons, low hemoglobin (43.4%), hypertension (22.9%) and low blood pressure (4.5%), and in patient safety, a history of jaundice (18.6%), common cold (15.8%), and high-risk behavior (8.8%) emerged as the three most common reasons for deferral respectively. CONCLUSION Blood donor deferral is an essential quality indicator of the blood donor selection process. Initiatives like fortification of dietary ingredients with iron, optimizing protein in diet served in schools under mid-day meal program, screening for iron deficiency, hypertension and education about high-risk behavior in schools and colleges may have long term effects of promotion of better health.
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16
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Strengers P, O'Brien SF, Politis C, Mayr W, Seifried E, Spencer BR. White paper on pandemic preparedness in the blood supply. Vox Sang 2023; 118:8-15. [PMID: 36427057 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In March 2020, the WHO declared the SARS-CoV-2 corona virus a pandemic which caused a great disruption to global society and had a pronounced effect on the worldwide supply of blood. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 2022 an on-line meeting was organised with experts from Austria, Canada, Germany, Greece, Netherlands and United States to explore the opportunities for increasing preparedness within blood systems for a potential future pandemic with similar, or more devastating, consequences. The main themes included the value of preparedness, current risks to the blood supply, supply chain vulnerabilities, and the role of innovation in increasing resiliency and safety. RESULTS Seven key recommendations were formulated and including required actions at different levels. CONCLUSION Although SARS-CoV-2 might be seen as a unique event, global health risks are expected to increase and will affect blood transfusion medicine if no preparedness plans are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Constantina Politis
- Department of Medicine, Athens University, Athens, Greece.,National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece
| | - Wolfgang Mayr
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Vienna, Austria.,European Blood Alliance, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erhard Seifried
- European Blood Alliance, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,DRK Blutspendedienst, Frankfurt, Germany
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17
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Naing S, Thorpe R, Jensen K, Masser B, Guerin N. 'Stay at home and limit contact': The impact of stay-at-home advice on the behavior of Australian donors aged 70 and over in the first year of the pandemic. Transfusion 2022; 62:2568-2576. [PMID: 36205417 PMCID: PMC9874543 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, Australian donors aged 70 and over were advised to temporarily stop donating. The aim of this research was to understand the factors associated with some of these donors continuing to donate despite the advice, and whether adherence to the advice had negative implications for donor retention. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Survey data from 2078 donors were analyzed to understand the factors associated with donating blood during the first 6 months of the pandemic, and the impact of following stay-at-home advice during the first 6 months of the pandemic on donor return 6-12 months into the pandemic. Panel data were used to gain an overview of donation behavior before, during, and after the initial phase of the pandemic. RESULTS Donations by donors aged 70 and over decreased disproportionately to other age groups during the early stages of the pandemic. Sex, total donation count, awareness of stay-at-home advice from the Blood Collection Agency, the mode of receiving stay-at-home advice, donor risk perceptions and attitudes toward stay-at-home advice were associated with donation behavior in the first 6 months of the pandemic. Donors who did not donate in the first 6 months of the pandemic had lower odds of returning 6-12 months into the pandemic. CONCLUSION Stay-at-home advice was partially successful in preventing older donors from donating; however, more tailored communication approaches may have prevented more donors from donating. Implementation of stay-at-home advice should be accompanied by strategies to prevent ongoing donor lapse in the medium- to long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda Naing
- Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Rachel Thorpe
- Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia,Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross LifebloodWest MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kyle Jensen
- Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross LifebloodWest MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Barbara Masser
- Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross LifebloodWest MelbourneVictoriaAustralia,School of PsychologyThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Nicola Guerin
- Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross LifebloodWest MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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18
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Zhu H, Wang J, Lin H. Prevalence and causes of pre-donation deferrals among potential plateletpheresis donors at a blood center in Eastern China. Transfus Clin Biol 2022; 30:189-194. [PMID: 36257581 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, the platelet donation interval is 14 days. The eligibility criterion of plateletpheresis donors (PD) is more stringent than that of whole blood donors, so the deferral causes are very complicated. However, the deferral prevalence and causes among PDs are not well known in China. OBJECTIVE To analyse the deferral prevalence and influencing factors during pre-donation among PDs in a blood centre in Eastern China. METHODS From December 26, 2020 to December 25, 2021, all data of potential PDs during pre-donation were extracted from the register system and collected using Microsoft Excel. The number of deferred visits and the corresponding causes were retrospectively analysed, and the re-donation rate of deferred donors was calculated. RESULTS A total of 19,762 visits were included in the study. Of these 17,847 (90.3%) donated platelets successfully and 1915 (9.7%) were deferred. The prevalence of deferrals was high among those less than 35 years old (p < 0.05) and first-time donors (p = 0). The leading cause for deferral was elevated alanine transaminase (51.4%) followed by abnormal haematological parameters (37.15%). High white blood cell count was the first deferral factor (26.9%) in abnormal haematological parameters. In more than 2 ineligible items, low haemoglobin and haematocrit simultaneously were dominant (58.3%). The re-donation rate of repeat donors (65.4%) was higher than that of first-time donors (19.3%) (p = 0). CONCLUSION The deferral prevalence in Chinese plateletpheresis donors was not high. First-time and young donors were more frequently deferred. The repeat donors should be of concern, especially with abnormal haematological parameters.
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19
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M Ferreira C, Vieites Y, Goldszmidt R, B Andrade E. The effect of temporary deferrals on donor return: A 26-year assessment in a setting without retention activities. Transfusion 2022; 62:1583-1593. [PMID: 35855649 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies that describe the negative association between temporary deferrals and donor return rates commonly come from settings where mechanisms are in place to win back lapsing donors. There is little evidence on the size and prevalence of this negative association in settings with no such retention activities. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We use data from more than 2 million donation attempts made at a blood collection agency in Brazil over a 26-year period. We describe the distribution of deferrals across donor demographic and behavioral characteristics, and estimate multivariate survival analysis models with matched samples to measure the impact of deferrals on return rates. We control for sex, race, age, education, donation type, number of previous attempts, previous donations, and previous deferrals. We test for heterogeneous effects in interaction models with selected donor demographic and behavioral characteristics. RESULTS Temporary deferrals were associated with a 50% decrease in the likelihood of return. Although the effect was observed for all population subgroups and across the full length of the dataset, it varied in magnitude. The influence of deferrals was more negative among older donors and those reporting replacement motives, and less negative among more educated donors and those with a previous donation. DISCUSSION We found that temporary deferrals meaningfully harm donor careers in a setting where specific retention activities are absent. Although the effects are widespread across the population and persistent in time, there are also heterogeneities, which must be considered when designing interventions targeted at wining-back specific groups of deferred donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio M Ferreira
- Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration, Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV-EBAPE), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yan Vieites
- Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration, Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV-EBAPE), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Goldszmidt
- Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration, Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV-EBAPE), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B Andrade
- Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration, Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV-EBAPE), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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20
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Castillo G, Vesnaver E, Gibson E, Butler-Foster T, Goldman M, Hill NE, Rosser A, Lapierre D, Rubini KA, MacDonagh R, Miguel G, Palumbo A, MacPherson P, Randall T, Osbourne-Sorrell W, O'Brien SF, Bridel W, Otis J, Greaves M, Al-Bakri TB, Reid M, Labrecque M, Germain M, Orvis S, Clapperton AT, Devine D, Presseau J. Staff perspectives on barriers and enablers to implementing alternative source plasma eligibility criteria for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. Transfusion 2022; 62:1571-1582. [PMID: 35834537 PMCID: PMC9544875 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canadian Blood Services introduced new eligibility criteria that allows some sexually active gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) to donate source plasma, marking a significant change from time-based deferral criteria. We aimed to identify potential barriers and enablers to implementing the new criteria from the perspective of donor center staff. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted Theoretical Domains Framework-informed interviews with staff from two source plasma donation centers in Canada. RESULTS We completed 28 interviews between June 2020 and April 2021. Three themes representing eight domains captured key tensions. Valuing inclusive eligibility criteria: staff support inclusive criteria; many were concerned the new criteria remained discriminatory. Investing in positive donor experiences: staff wished to foster positive donor experiences; however, they worried gbMSM donors would express anger and disappointment regarding the new criteria, staff would experience unease over using stigmatizing criteria and convey nonverbal cues of discomfort, and recurring plasma donors may behave inappropriately. Supporting education, training, and transparency of eligibility criteria: participants believed providing in-person training (i.e., to explain criteria rationale, address discomfort, practice responding to donor questions) and ensuring donors and the public were well-informed of the upcoming changes would improve implementation. DISCUSSION Participant views emphasize the importance of supporting staff through training and transparent communication to optimize the delivery of world-class equitable care for a new cohort of donors who have previously been excluded from plasma donation. Findings inform which staff supports to consider to improve implementation as policies continue to shift internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisell Castillo
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Vesnaver
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Emily Gibson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Mindy Goldman
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nolan E Hill
- Centre for Sexuality, Calgary, Canada.,Local Advisory Group, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Don Lapierre
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Amelia Palumbo
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Paul MacPherson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | - Sheila F O'Brien
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Joanne Otis
- Department of Sexology, Université du Québec À Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc Germain
- Héma-Québec, Medical Affairs, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | | | - Dana Devine
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Justin Presseau
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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21
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Gemelli CN, Kruse SP, Thijsen A, Van Dyke N, Karki S, Davison TE. Improving donor retention following a temporary deferral: A cluster randomized controlled trial of deferral educational materials. Transfusion 2022; 62:1230-1239. [PMID: 35506577 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Providing educational materials to deferred donors has been shown to increase their understanding about their deferral and knowledge about their return. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of educational materials in increasing the retention of deferred donors. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted, with the following conditions: (a) Incenter Brochure plus Email; (b) Email Only; (c) Control. The Incenter Brochure plus Email condition also included a guided conversation led by staff at the point of deferral. Donors were followed up for 3 months after their deferral had ended to determine if they had attempted to donate. RESULTS Compared with the Control condition, donors in the Incenter Brochure plus Email condition had increased odds of return at 3 months after their deferral ended (OR: 1.16; 95% CI 1.00-1.33). Subgroup analysis highlighted that novice (OR: 1.38; 95% CI 1.04-1.83) and established donors (OR: 1.36; 95% CI 1.13-1.64) had increased odds of return if they received the incenter materials. Donors who were deferred to maintain their well-being (OR: 1.28; 95% CI 1.03-1.60) and donors with a prior deferral history (OR: 1.55; 95% CI 1.15-1.55) had increased odds of return if they received the incenter materials. No significant differences were found between the Email Only and Control conditions. DISCUSSION This trial demonstrates the benefits of providing onsite educational materials to donors at the point of deferral. This is a simple, effective strategy to increase the return behavior of donors within 3 months of their deferral ending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carley N Gemelli
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah P Kruse
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda Thijsen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nina Van Dyke
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.,Mitchell Institute for Education and Health Policy, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Surendra Karki
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Art Design and Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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22
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Pina T, Lewis M, Garrison C, Razatos A. Using Automation to Manage Donor Engagement and Fine-Tune Supply and Demand During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Transfus Apher Sci 2022; 61:103420. [PMID: 35277354 PMCID: PMC8897834 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2022.103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusions
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23
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Weidmann C, Derstroff M, Klüter H, Oesterer M, Müller-Steinhardt M. Motivation, blood donor satisfaction and intention to return during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vox Sang 2021; 117:488-494. [PMID: 34725833 PMCID: PMC8661571 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives This study aimed to describe motives as well as donation experiences and the intention to return for further donations of German whole blood donors who donated at the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Materials and Methods To describe motives and donor experiences, a retrospective survey was conducted among whole blood donors that had a donation appointment at the German Red Cross Blood Donation Service in the first 4 weeks of the pandemic. A donor questionnaire including 17 retrospective questions was sent to 7500 donors. Donor motivation and donor experiences were compared for different donor groups using chi‐square statistics. Finally, in an ordinal logistic regression model predictors for the intention to return were identified. Results More than half of the participating donors (56.9%) wanted to contribute to the fight against the pandemic by donating blood. Most of the donors were satisfied with their last donation experience and felt safe during the blood donor appointment. However, some donors would have liked more information on how to deal with the pandemic (20.3%). Intention to return for further donations was strongly associated with overall satisfaction (OR: 1.67, CI: 1.47–1.90) and the feeling of being safe during blood donation (OR: 1.33, CI: 1.05–1.68). Conclusion Donor satisfaction with the last donation was high and the vast majority of donors felt very safe. However, those donors who felt unsafe expressed a low intention to return and blood donation services should therefore carefully monitor donor satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Weidmann
- Faculty for Health, Safety and Society, Hochschule Furtwangen, Furtwangen, Germany
| | - Marie Derstroff
- Faculty for Health, Safety and Society, Hochschule Furtwangen, Furtwangen, Germany
| | - Harald Klüter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DRK-Blood Service Baden-Wuerttemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Oesterer
- DRK-Blood Service Baden-Wuerttemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Müller-Steinhardt
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DRK-Blood Service Baden-Wuerttemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
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