1
|
Atieh O, Azzi NMJ, Lteif GJ, Atieh NA, Germanos NY, Grandjean V, Yarkiner Z, Saliba Z, Khalife MCF, Raad G. Paternal peri-conceptional physical activity and the risk of congenital heart disease in offspring: A case-control study. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 38605599 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and environmental factors have been shown to contribute to the development of congenital heart disease (CHD). To date, the focus of scientific articles has primarily centered on genetics and maternal environmental factors, with comparatively less attention given to paternal risk factors. OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the potential association between paternal pre-conceptional physical activity levels (PA), along with paternal peri-conceptional smoking and alcohol consumption, and the risk of CHD in offspring. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational case-control study was conducted in Lebanon, with 279 participants, aiming to investigate potential risk factors for CHD. We included children with confirmed CHD, born between 2012 and 2022. Controls born in the same timeframe were selected randomly from the general population using online questionnaire forms. Mean age of children included was 6 years old (0-10). The pre-conceptional PA was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire validated in Arabic. In addition, paternal smoking, alcohol consumption, and maternal risk factors were collected. RESULTS The study included 128 CHD cases (45.9%) and their parents, as well as 151 healthy infants (54.1%) and their parents. There were no statistically significant variations in the alcohol consumption noted between the fathers in the case and control groups (p = 0.18). The paternal involvement in recreational-related PA during the peri-conception period was associated with a reduced risk of the CHD development in offspring by 46.9% (OR = 0.531, 95% CI: 0.301-0.936, p = 0.029). Additionally, increasing paternal total sitting time by 1 h above the average, which was approximately 260 min (4 h), increased the risk of CHD in offspring by 0.4% (p = 0.001). Moreover, paternal smoking exhibited an apparent association with a 56% increased risk of offspring developing CHD, notwithstanding that the confidence intervals included the null (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.86-2.8, p = 0.136). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This observational study is the first to report a potential association between paternal PA, and CHD in offspring. This study aligns with previous reports, advocating for the paternal engagement in PA and the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits, especially during the critical stages of conception. Such practices are strongly recommended to enhance fertility and promote optimal health for offspring. However, due to the subjectivity in reporting PA and lack of molecular proof, additional prospective and molecular studies are required to validate these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ornina Atieh
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Nohad Maria J Azzi
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Georges J Lteif
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Ninar A Atieh
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Nadim Y Germanos
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Valérie Grandjean
- Inserm, C3M, Team Control of Gene Expression (10), Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Zalihe Yarkiner
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Northern Cyprus via Mersin, Cyprus International University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Zakhia Saliba
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hotel Dieu de France University Medical Center, Saint Joseph University, Alfred Naccache Boulevard, Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marie-Claude Fadous Khalife
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Pediatrics Department, Notre Dame des Secours University Hospital Center, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Georges Raad
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mthembu SXH, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Ziqubu K, Muvhulawa N, Marcheggiani F, Cirilli I, Nkambule BB, Muller CJF, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Potential regulatory role of PGC-1α within the skeletal muscle during metabolic adaptations in response to high-fat diet feeding in animal models. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:283-293. [PMID: 38044359 PMCID: PMC10847180 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) feeding in rodents has become an essential tool to critically analyze and study the pathological effects of obesity, including mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) regulates cellular energy metabolism to influence insulin sensitivity, beyond its active role in stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis to facilitate skeletal muscle adaptations in response to HFD feeding. Here, some of the major electronic databases like PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were accessed to update and critically discuss information on the potential role of PGC-1α during metabolic adaptations within the skeletal muscle in response to HFD feeding in rodents. In fact, available evidence suggests that partial exposure to HFD feeding (potentially during the early stages of disease development) is associated with impaired metabolic adaptations within the skeletal muscle, including mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced insulin sensitivity. In terms of implicated molecular mechanisms, these negative effects are partially associated with reduced activity of PGC-1α, together with the phosphorylation of protein kinase B and altered expression of genes involving nuclear respiratory factor 1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A within the skeletal muscle. Notably, metabolic abnormalities observed with chronic exposure to HFD (likely during the late stages of disease development) may potentially occur independently of PGC-1α regulation within the muscle of rodents. Summarized evidence suggests the causal relationship between PGC-1α regulation and effective modulations of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic flexibility during the different stages of disease development. It further indicates that prominent interventions like caloric restriction and physical exercise may affect PGC-1α regulation during effective modulation of metabolic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X H Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Sithandiwe E Mazibuko-Mbeje
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Ndivhuwo Muvhulawa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa.
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bak ST, Haupt-Jorgensen M, Dudele A, Wegener G, Wang T, Nielsen AL, Lund S. The anti-inflammatory agent 5-ASA reduces the level of specific tsRNAs in sperm cells of high-fat fed C57BL/6J mouse sires and improves glucose tolerance in female offspring. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108563. [PMID: 37499293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of obesity and associated comorbidities have increased to epidemic proportions globally. Paternal obesity is an independent risk factor for developing obesity and type 2 diabetes in the following generation, and growing evidence suggests epigenetic inheritance as a mechanism for this predisposition. How and why obesity induces epigenetic changes in sperm cells remain to be clarified in detail. Yet, recent studies show that alterations in sperm content of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) can transmit the effects of paternal obesity to offspring. Obesity is closely associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Thus, we evaluated whether the anti-inflammatory agent 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) could intervene in the transmission of epigenetic inheritance of paternal obesity by reducing the inflammatory state in obese fathers. METHODS Male C57BL/6JBomTac mice were either fed a high-fat diet or a high-fat diet with 5-ASA for ten weeks before mating. The offspring metabolic phenotype was evaluated, and spermatozoa from sires were isolated for assessment of specific tsRNAs levels. RESULTS 5-ASA intervention reduced the levels of Glu-CTC tsRNAs in sperm cells and improved glucose tolerance in female offspring fed a chow diet. Paternal high-fat diet-induced obesity per se had only a moderate impact on the metabolic phenotype of both male and female offspring in our setting. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the low-grade inflammatory response associated with obesity may be an important factor in epigenetic inheritance of paternal obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Haupt-Jorgensen
- The Bartholin Institute, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Anete Dudele
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Department of Clinial Medicine, Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Tobias Wang
- Department of Bioscience, Section for Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Sten Lund
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Genders AJ, Kuang J, Saner NJ, Botella J, Bishop DJ. Ammonium chloride administration prevents training-induced improvements in mitochondrial respiratory function in the soleus muscle of male rats. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C67-C75. [PMID: 36542512 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00165.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exercise training can increase both mitochondrial content and mitochondrial respiration. Despite its popularity, high-intensity exercise can be accompanied by mild acidosis (also present in certain pathological states), which may limit exercise-induced adaptations to skeletal muscle mitochondria. The aim of this study was to determine if administration of ammonium chloride (0.05 g/kg) to Wistar rats before each individual exercise session (5 high-intensity exercise sessions/wk for 8 wk) reduced training-induced increases in mitochondrial content (measured by citrate synthase activity and protein content of electron transport system complexes) and respiration (measured in permeabilized muscle fibers). In the soleus muscle, the exercise-training-induced increase in mitochondrial respiration was reduced in rats administered ammonium chloride compared to control animals, but mitochondrial content was not altered. These effects were not present in the white gastrocnemius muscle. In conclusion, ammonium chloride administration before each exercise session over 8 wk reduced improvements in mitochondrial respiration in the soleus muscle but did not alter mitochondrial content. This suggests that mild acidosis may affect training-induced improvements in the respiration of mitochondria in some muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Genders
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jujiao Kuang
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Saner
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Human Integrative Physiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Javier Botella
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Metabolic Research Unit, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - David J Bishop
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gestational Exercise Increases Male Offspring's Maximal Workload Capacity Early in Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073916. [PMID: 35409278 PMCID: PMC8999565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mothers’ antenatal strategies to improve the intrauterine environment can positively decrease pregnancy-derived intercurrences. By challenging the mother–fetus unit, gestational exercise (GE) favorably modulates deleterious stimuli, such as high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet-induced adverse consequences for offspring. We aimed to analyze whether GE alters maternal HFHS-consumption effects on male offspring’s maximal workload performance (MWP) and in some skeletal muscle (the soleus—SOL and the tibialis anterior—TA) biomarkers associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative fitness. Infant male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental groups according to mothers’ dietary and/or exercise conditions: offspring of sedentary control diet-fed or HFHS-fed mothers (C–S or HFHS–S, respectively) and of exercised HFHS-fed mothers (HFHS–E). Although maternal HFHS did not significantly alter MWP, offspring from GE dams exhibited increased MWP. Lower SOL AMPk levels in HFHS–S were reverted by GE. SOL PGC-1α, OXPHOS C-I and C-IV subunits remained unaltered by maternal diet, although increased in HFHS–E offspring. Additionally, GE prevented maternal diet-related SOL miR-378a overexpression, while upregulated miR-34a expression. Decreased TA C-IV subunit expression in HFHS–S was reverted in HFHS–E, concomitantly with the downregulation of miR-338. In conclusion, GE in HFHS-fed dams increases the offspring’s MWP, which seems to be associated with the intrauterine modulation of SM mitochondrial density and functional markers.
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen R, Chen L, Liu Y, Wang F, Wang S, Huang Y, Hu KL, Fan Y, Liu R, Zhang R, Zhang D. Association of parental prepregnancy BMI with neonatal outcomes and birth defect in fresh embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:793. [PMID: 34836492 PMCID: PMC8627045 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04261-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parental body mass index (BMI) is associated with pregnancy outcomes. But the effect of parental prepregnancy BMI on offspring conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), especially the birth defect, remains to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the associations of parental prepregnancy BMI with neonatal outcomes and birth defect in fresh embryo transfer cycles. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 5741 couples in their first fresh IVF/ICSI cycles admitted to Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University from January 2013 to July 2016. The primary outcome was birth defects, which was classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. Secondary outcomes included preterm delivery rate, infant gender, birth weight, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA). Multilevel regression analyses were used to assess the associations of parental prepregnancy BMI with neonatal outcomes and birth defect. Results In singletons, couples with prepregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2 had higher odds of LGA than those with BMI < 25 kg/m2. The birth defect rate was significantly higher when paternal prepregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2 in IVF cycles (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.06–3.10) and maternal BMI ≥25 kg/m2 in ICSI cycles (aOR 4.89, 95% CI 1.45–16.53). For subcategories of birth defects, only the odds of congenital malformations of musculoskeletal system was significantly increased in IVF offspring with paternal BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (aOR 4.55, 95% CI 1.32–15.71). For twins, there was no significant difference among four groups, except for the lower birth weight of IVF female infants. Conclusions Parental prepregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2 is associated with higher incidence of LGA in IVF/ICSI singletons. Paternal prepregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2 was likely to have higher risk of birth defect in IVF offspring than those with BMI < 25 kg/m2, particularly in the musculoskeletal system. It is essential for overweight or obesity couples to lose weight before IVF/ICSI treatments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-021-04261-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai-Lun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuzhi Fan
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruoyan Liu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Runjv Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China. .,Women's Reproductive Health Research Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Beleza J, Stevanović-Silva J, Coxito P, Costa RC, Ascensão A, Torrella JR, Magalhães J. Building-up fit muscles for the future: Transgenerational programming of skeletal muscle through physical exercise. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13515. [PMID: 33580562 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
'Special issue - In Utero and Early Life Programming of Aging and Disease'. Skeletal muscle (SM) adaptations to physical exercise (PE) have been extensively studied due, not only to the relevance of its in situ plasticity, but also to the SM endocrine-like effects in noncontractile tissues, such as brain, liver or adipocytes. Regular PE has been considered a pleiotropic nonpharmacological strategy to prevent and counteract the deleterious consequences of several metabolic, cardiovascular, oncological and neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, PE performed by parents seems to have a direct impact in the offspring through the transgenerational programming of different tissues, such as SM. In fact, SM offspring programming mechanisms seems to be orchestrated, at least in part, by epigenetic machinery conditioning transcriptional or post-transcriptional processes. Ultimately, PE performed in the early in life is also a critical window of opportunity to positively modulate the juvenile and adult phenotype. Parental PE has a positive impact in several health-related offspring outcomes, such as SM metabolism, differentiation, morphology and ultimately in offspring exercise volition and endurance. Also, early-life PE counteracts conceptional-related adverse effects and induces long-lasting healthy benefits throughout adulthood. Additionally, epigenetics mechanisms seem to play a key role in the PE-induced SM adaptations. Despite the undoubtedly positive role of parental and early-life PE on SM phenotype, a strong research effort is still needed to better understand the mechanisms that positively regulate PE-induced SM programming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Beleza
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jelena Stevanović-Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Coxito
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Carlos Costa
- Department of Communication and Art, Research Institute for Design, Media and Culture (ID+), Aveiro University, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joan Ramon Torrella
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Magalhães
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sousa Neto I, Fontes W, Prestes J, Marqueti R. Impact of paternal exercise on physiological systems in the offspring. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13620. [PMID: 33606364 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of studies have demonstrated that paternal exercise modulates future generations via effects on the sperm epigenome. However, comprehensive information regarding the effects of exercise performed by the father on different tissues and their clinical relevance has not yet been explored in detail. This narrative review is focused on the effects of paternal exercise training on various physiological systems of offspring. A detailed mechanistic understanding of these effects could provide crucial clues for the exercise physiology field and aid the development of therapeutic approaches to mitigate disorders in future generations. Non-coding RNA and DNA methylation are major routes for transmitting epigenetic information from parents to offspring. Resistance and treadmill exercise are the most frequently used modalities of planned and structured exercise in controlled experiments. Paternal exercise orchestrated protective effects over changes in fetus development and placenta inflammatory status. Moreover paternal exercise promoted modifications in the ncRNA profiles, gene and protein expression in the hippocampus, left ventricle, skeletal muscle, tendon, liver and pancreas in the offspring, while the transgenerational effects are unknown. Paternal exercise demonstrates clinical benefits to the offspring and provides a warning on the harmful effects of a paternal unhealthy lifestyle. Exercise in fathers is presented as one of the most logical and cost-effective ways of restoring health in the offspring and, consequently, modifying the phenotype. It is important to consider that paternal programming might have unique significance in the developmental origins of offspring diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Sousa Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health Faculdade de Ceilândia ‐ Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry Department of Cell Biology Institute of Biology Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Graduate Program on Physical Education Universidade Católica de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Rita Marqueti
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health Faculdade de Ceilândia ‐ Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rutkowska J, Lagisz M, Bonduriansky R, Nakagawa S. Mapping the past, present and future research landscape of paternal effects. BMC Biol 2020; 18:183. [PMID: 33246472 PMCID: PMC7694421 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00892-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although in all sexually reproducing organisms an individual has a mother and a father, non-genetic inheritance has been predominantly studied in mothers. Paternal effects have been far less frequently studied, until recently. In the last 5 years, research on environmentally induced paternal effects has grown rapidly in the number of publications and diversity of topics. Here, we provide an overview of this field using synthesis of evidence (systematic map) and influence (bibliometric analyses). RESULTS We find that motivations for studies into paternal effects are diverse. For example, from the ecological and evolutionary perspective, paternal effects are of interest as facilitators of response to environmental change and mediators of extended heredity. Medical researchers track how paternal pre-fertilization exposures to factors, such as diet or trauma, influence offspring health. Toxicologists look at the effects of toxins. We compare how these three research guilds design experiments in relation to objects of their studies: fathers, mothers and offspring. We highlight examples of research gaps, which, in turn, lead to future avenues of research. CONCLUSIONS The literature on paternal effects is large and disparate. Our study helps in fostering connections between areas of knowledge that develop in parallel, but which could benefit from the lateral transfer of concepts and methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Rutkowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Malgorzata Lagisz
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Russell Bonduriansky
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Transcription of mtDNA and dyslipidemia are ameliorated by aerobic exercise in type 2 diabetes. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7297-7303. [PMID: 32804305 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity and unhealthy food intake are strongly associated with the growing prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Dyslipidemia, a characteristic of T2D patient, contributes to an increase in intra-myocellular lipid accumulation and mitochondria dysfunction, in skeletal muscle cells and further to insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on dyslipidemia, mitochondrial homeostasis and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcription in T2D- induced animals. Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were fed a diet containing 60% fat over 9 weeks, at day 14 a single injection of STZ (25 mg/kg) was administered (T2D-induced). At week 3 of the experiment half of the animals started on an aerobic exercise 5-days/week. Blood and soleus muscle were collected at 9th experimental week. Abdominal fat, blood glucose, triglyceride, low-density-lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and cellular mtDNA copy number, cytochrome b (cytb) mRNA and 8-isoprostane were measured. T2D-induced animals exhibited changes in blood glucose, weight gain, abdominal fat, LDL and muscular 8-isoprostane, mtDNA copy number and cytb mRNA. Aerobic exercise attenuated the increase in weight gain and abdominal fat and the decreased cytb mRNA, and increased HDL. Our results suggest that aerobic exercise might not affect all characteristics related to the development of T2D in the same way. However, since T2D is a multifactorial disease, improvement in parameters such as HDL levels, abdominal fat and weight gain induced by aerobic exercise might delay or inhibit the onset of T2D.
Collapse
|
11
|
Falcão-Tebas F, Marin EC, Kuang J, Bishop DJ, McConell GK. Maternal exercise attenuates the lower skeletal muscle glucose uptake and insulin secretion caused by paternal obesity in female adult rat offspring. J Physiol 2020; 598:4251-4270. [PMID: 32539156 PMCID: PMC7586952 DOI: 10.1113/jp279582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Paternal obesity negatively influences metabolic outcomes in adult rat offspring. Maternal voluntary physical activity has previously been reported to improve glucose metabolism in adult rat offspring sired by healthy fathers. Here, we investigated whether a structured programme of maternal exercise training before and during gestation can attenuate the negative impacts that paternal obesity has on insulin sensitivity and secretion in female adult offspring. Exercise before and during pregnancy normalised the lower insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and the lower insulin secretion observed in female offspring sired by obese fathers. This paper presents a feasible, low-cost and translatable intervention strategy that can be applied perinatally to support multifactor interventions to break the cycle of metabolic dysfunction caused by paternal obesity. ABSTRACT We investigated whether maternal exercise before and during gestation could attenuate the negative metabolic effects of paternal high-fat diet-induced obesity in female adult rat offspring. Fathers consumed a normal chow or high-fat diet before mating. Mothers exercised on a treadmill before and during gestation or remained sedentary. In adulthood, female offspring were assessed using intraperitoneal insulin and glucose tolerance tests (IPITT and IPGTT, respectively), pancreatic morphology, ex vivo skeletal muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and mitochondrial respiratory function. Paternal obesity impaired whole-body and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in adult offspring. Maternal exercise attenuated the lower insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in offspring sired by obese fathers but distal insulin signalling components (p-AKT Thr308 and Ser473, p-TBC1D4 Thr642 and GLUT4) remained unchanged (P > 0.05). Maternal exercise increased citrate synthase activity only in offspring sired by obese fathers. Maternal exercise also reversed the lower insulin secretion in vivo observed in offspring of obese fathers, probably due to an attenuation of the decrease in pancreatic beta cell mass. In summary, maternal exercise before and during pregnancy in rats attenuated skeletal muscle insulin resistance and attenuated the decrease in pancreatic beta cell mass and insulin secretion observed in the female offspring of obese fathers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippe Falcão-Tebas
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Evelyn C Marin
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jujiao Kuang
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Bishop
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Glenn K McConell
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sylow L, Richter EA. Current advances in our understanding of exercise as medicine in metabolic disease. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Donelan SC, Hellmann JK, Bell AM, Luttbeg B, Orrock JL, Sheriff MJ, Sih A. Transgenerational Plasticity in Human-Altered Environments. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 35:115-124. [PMID: 31706627 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Our ability to predict how species will respond to human-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC) may depend upon our understanding of transgenerational plasticity (TGP), which occurs when environments experienced by previous generations influence phenotypes of subsequent generations. TGP evolved to help organisms cope with environmental stressors when parental environments are highly predictive of offspring environments. HIREC can alter conditions that favored TGP in historical environments by reducing parents' ability to detect environmental conditions, disrupting previous correlations between parental and offspring environments, and interfering with the transmission of parental cues to offspring. Because of the propensity to produce errors in these processes, TGP will likely generate negative fitness outcomes in response to HIREC, though beneficial fitness outcomes may occur in some cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Donelan
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA
| | - Jennifer K Hellmann
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Program in Neuroscience, Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Alison M Bell
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Program in Neuroscience, Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Barney Luttbeg
- Department of Integrative Biology, 501 Life Sciences West, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - John L Orrock
- Department of Integrative Biology, 145 Noland Hall, 250 North Mills Street, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Michael J Sheriff
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Andrew Sih
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bell AM, Hellmann JK. An Integrative Framework for Understanding the Mechanisms and Multigenerational Consequences of Transgenerational Plasticity. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2019; 50:97-118. [PMID: 36046014 PMCID: PMC9427003 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-024613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Transgenerational plasticity (TGP) occurs when the environment experienced by a parent influences the development of their offspring. In this article, we develop a framework for understanding the mechanisms and multi-generational consequences of TGP. First, we conceptualize the mechanisms of TGP in the context of communication between parents (senders) and offspring (receivers) by dissecting the steps between an environmental cue received by a parent and its resulting effects on the phenotype of one or more future generations. Breaking down the problem in this way highlights the diversity of mechanisms likely to be involved in the process. Second, we review the literature on multigenerational effects and find that the documented patterns across generations are diverse. We categorize different multigenerational patterns and explore the proximate and ultimate mechanisms that can generate them. Throughout, we highlight opportunities for future work in this dynamic and integrative area of study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Bell
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Program in Neuroscience and Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jennifer K Hellmann
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chatmethakul T, Roghair RD. Risk of hypertension following perinatal adversity: IUGR and prematurity. J Endocrinol 2019; 242:T21-T32. [PMID: 30657741 PMCID: PMC6594910 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Consistent with the paradigm shifting observations of David Barker and colleagues that revealed a powerful relationship between decreased weight through 2 years of age and adult disease, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preterm birth are independent risk factors for the development of subsequent hypertension. Animal models have been indispensable in defining the mechanisms responsible for these associations and the potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Among the modifiable risk factors, micronutrient deficiency, physical immobility, exaggerated stress hormone exposure and deficient trophic hormone production are leading candidates for targeted therapies. With the strong inverse relationship seen between gestational age at delivery and the risk of hypertension in adulthood trumping all other major cardiovascular risk factors, improvements in neonatal care are required. Unfortunately, therapeutic breakthroughs have not kept pace with rapidly improving perinatal survival, and groundbreaking bench-to-bedside studies are urgently needed to mitigate and ultimately prevent the tsunami of prematurity-related adult cardiovascular disease that may be on the horizon. This review highlights our current understanding of the developmental origins of hypertension and draws attention to the importance of increasing the availability of lactation consultants, nutritionists, pharmacists and physical therapists as critical allies in the battle that IUGR or premature infants are waging not just for survival but also for their future cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trassanee Chatmethakul
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Robert D Roghair
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kelly AC, Limesand SW. Classic solutions to a modern problem: exercise training improves metabolic disorders in offspring from fathers on a high fat diet. J Physiol 2018; 597:9-10. [PMID: 30431645 DOI: 10.1113/jp277316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Kelly
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sean W Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|