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Ruud M, Frisk M, Melleby AO, Norseng PA, Mohamed BA, Li J, Aronsen JM, Setterberg IE, Jakubiczka J, van Hout I, Coffey S, Shen X, Nygård S, Lunde IG, Tønnessen T, Jones PP, Sjaastad I, Gullestad L, Toischer K, Dahl CP, Christensen G, Louch WE. Regulation of cardiomyocyte t-tubule structure by preload and afterload: Roles in cardiac compensation and decompensation. J Physiol 2024; 602:4487-4510. [PMID: 38686538 DOI: 10.1113/jp284566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanical load is a potent regulator of cardiac structure and function. Although high workload during heart failure is associated with disruption of cardiomyocyte t-tubules and Ca2+ homeostasis, it remains unclear whether changes in preload and afterload may promote adaptive t-tubule remodelling. We examined this issue by first investigating isolated effects of stepwise increases in load in cultured rat papillary muscles. Both preload and afterload increases produced a biphasic response, with the highest t-tubule densities observed at moderate loads, whereas excessively low and high loads resulted in low t-tubule levels. To determine the baseline position of the heart on this bell-shaped curve, mice were subjected to mildly elevated preload or afterload (1 week of aortic shunt or banding). Both interventions resulted in compensated cardiac function linked to increased t-tubule density, consistent with ascension up the rising limb of the curve. Similar t-tubule proliferation was observed in human patients with moderately increased preload or afterload (mitral valve regurgitation, aortic stenosis). T-tubule growth was associated with larger Ca2+ transients, linked to upregulation of L-type Ca2+ channels, Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, mechanosensors and regulators of t-tubule structure. By contrast, marked elevation of cardiac load in rodents and patients advanced the heart down the declining limb of the t-tubule-load relationship. This bell-shaped relationship was lost in the absence of electrical stimulation, indicating a key role of systolic stress in controlling t-tubule plasticity. In conclusion, modest augmentation of workload promotes compensatory increases in t-tubule density and Ca2+ cycling, whereas this adaptation is reversed in overloaded hearts during heart failure progression. KEY POINTS: Excised papillary muscle experiments demonstrated a bell-shaped relationship between cardiomyocyte t-tubule density and workload (preload or afterload), which was only present when muscles were electrically stimulated. The in vivo heart at baseline is positioned on the rising phase of this curve because moderate increases in preload (mice with brief aortic shunt surgery, patients with mitral valve regurgitation) resulted in t-tubule growth. Moderate increases in afterload (mice and patients with mild aortic banding/stenosis) similarly increased t-tubule density. T-tubule proliferation was associated with larger Ca2+ transients, with upregulation of the L-type Ca2+ channel, Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, mechanosensors and regulators of t-tubule structure. By contrast, marked elevation of cardiac load in rodents and patients placed the heart on the declining phase of the t-tubule-load relationship, promoting heart failure progression. The dependence of t-tubule structure on preload and afterload thus enables both compensatory and maladaptive remodelling, in rodents and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Ruud
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Olav Melleby
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Andreas Norseng
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Belal A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jia Li
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingunn E Setterberg
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joanna Jakubiczka
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Isabelle van Hout
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine and HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Theis Tønnessen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter P Jones
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Gullestad
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Toischer
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cristen P Dahl
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Manfra O, Louey S, Jonker SS, Perdreau-Dahl H, Frisk M, Giraud GD, Thornburg KL, Louch WE. Augmenting workload drives T-tubule assembly in developing cardiomyocytes. J Physiol 2024; 602:4461-4486. [PMID: 37128962 PMCID: PMC10854476 DOI: 10.1113/jp284538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Contraction of cardiomyocytes is initiated at subcellular elements called dyads, where L-type Ca2+ channels in t-tubules are located within close proximity to ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. While evidence from small rodents indicates that dyads are assembled gradually in the developing heart, it is unclear how this process occurs in large mammals. We presently examined dyadic formation in fetal and newborn sheep (Ovis aries), and the regulation of this process by fetal cardiac workload. By employing advanced imaging methods, we demonstrated that t-tubule growth and dyadic assembly proceed gradually during fetal sheep development, from 93 days of gestational age until birth (147 days). This process parallels progressive increases in fetal systolic blood pressure, and includes step-wise colocalization of L-type Ca2+ channels and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger with ryanodine receptors. These proteins are upregulated together with the dyadic anchor junctophilin-2 during development, alongside changes in the expression of amphiphysin-2 (BIN1) and its partner proteins myotubularin and dynamin-2. Increasing fetal systolic load by infusing plasma or occluding the post-ductal aorta accelerated t-tubule growth. Conversely, reducing fetal systolic load with infusion of enalaprilat, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, blunted t-tubule formation. Interestingly, altered t-tubule densities did not relate to changes in dyadic junctions, or marked changes in the expression of dyadic regulatory proteins, indicating that distinct signals are responsible for maturation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In conclusion, augmenting blood pressure and workload during normal fetal development critically promotes t-tubule growth, while additional signals contribute to dyadic assembly. KEY POINTS: T-tubule growth and dyadic assembly proceed gradually in cardiomyocytes during fetal sheep development, from 93 days of gestational age until the post-natal stage. Increasing fetal systolic load by infusing plasma or occluding the post-ductal aorta accelerated t-tubule growth and hypertrophy. In contrast, reducing fetal systolic load by enalaprilat infusion slowed t-tubule development and decreased cardiomyocyte size. Load-dependent modulation of t-tubule maturation was linked to altered expression patterns of the t-tubule regulatory proteins junctophilin-2 and amphiphysin-2 (BIN1) and its protein partners. Altered t-tubule densities did not influence dyadic formation, indicating that distinct signals are responsible for maturation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Manfra
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Samantha Louey
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, OR, USA
| | - Sonnet S Jonker
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, OR, USA
| | - Harmonie Perdreau-Dahl
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - George D Giraud
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, OR, USA
- VA Portland Health Care System Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, OR, USA
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Hamaguchi S, Agata N, Seki M, Namekata I, Tanaka H. Developmental Changes in the Excitation-Contraction Mechanisms of the Ventricular Myocardium and Their Sympathetic Regulation in Small Experimental Animals. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:267. [PMID: 39330325 PMCID: PMC11432613 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11090267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The developmental changes in the excitation-contraction mechanisms of the ventricular myocardium of small animals (guinea pig, rat, mouse) and their sympathetic regulation will be summarized. The action potential duration monotonically decreases during pre- and postnatal development in the rat and mouse, while in the guinea pig it decreases during the fetal stage but turns into an increase just before birth. Such changes can be attributed to changes in the repolarizing potassium currents. The T-tubule and the sarcoplasmic reticulum are scarcely present in the fetal cardiomyocyte, but increase during postnatal development. This causes a developmental shift in the Ca2+ handling from a sarcolemma-dependent mechanism to a sarcoplasmic reticulum-dependent mechanism. The sensitivity for beta-adrenoceptor-mediated positive inotropy decreases during early postnatal development, which parallels the increase in sympathetic nerve innervation. The alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated inotropy in the mouse changes from positive in the neonate to negative in the adult. This can be explained by the change in the excitation-contraction mechanism mentioned above. The shortening of the action potential duration enhances trans-sarcolemmal Ca2+ extrusion by the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger. The sarcoplasmic reticulum-dependent mechanism of contraction in the adult allows Na+-Ca2+ exchanger activity to cause negative inotropy, a mechanism not observed in neonatal myocardium. Such developmental studies would provide clues towards a more comprehensive understanding of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hikaru Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan; (S.H.); (N.A.); (M.S.); (I.N.)
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Lickiss B, Hunker J, Bhagwan J, Linder P, Thomas U, Lotay H, Broadbent S, Dragicevic E, Stoelzle-Feix S, Turner J, Gossmann M. Chamber-specific contractile responses of atrial and ventricular hiPSC-cardiomyocytes to GPCR and ion channel targeting compounds: A microphysiological system for cardiac drug development. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2024; 128:107529. [PMID: 38857637 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2024.107529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) have found utility for conducting in vitro drug screening and disease modelling to gain crucial insights into pharmacology or disease phenotype. However, diseases such as atrial fibrillation, affecting >33 M people worldwide, demonstrate the need for cardiac subtype-specific cells. Here, we sought to investigate the base characteristics and pharmacological differences between commercially available chamber-specific atrial or ventricular hiPSC-CMs seeded onto ultra-thin, flexible PDMS membranes to simultaneously measure contractility in a 96 multi-well format. We investigated the effects of GPCR agonists (acetylcholine and carbachol), a Ca2+ channel agonist (S-Bay K8644), an HCN channel antagonist (ivabradine) and K+ channel antagonists (4-AP and vernakalant). We observed differential effects between atrial and ventricular hiPSC-CMs on contractile properties including beat rate, beat duration, contractile force and evidence of arrhythmias at a range of concentrations. As an excerpt of the compound analysis, S-Bay K8644 treatment showed an induced concentration-dependent transient increase in beat duration of atrial hiPSC-CMs, whereas ventricular cells showed a physiological increase in beat rate over time. Carbachol treatment produced marked effects on atrial cells, such as increased beat duration alongside a decrease in beat rate over time, but only minimal effects on ventricular cardiomyocytes. In the context of this chamber-specific pharmacology, we not only add to contractile characterization of hiPSC-CMs but propose a multi-well platform for medium-throughput early compound screening. Overall, these insights illustrate the key pharmacological differences between chamber-specific cardiomyocytes and their application on a multi-well contractility platform to gain insights for in vitro cardiac liability studies and disease modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Hunker
- innoVitro GmbH, Artilleriestr 2, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jamie Bhagwan
- Axol Bioscience Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Peter Linder
- innoVitro GmbH, Artilleriestr 2, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Thomas
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstr 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Hardeep Lotay
- Axol Bioscience Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Steven Broadbent
- Axol Bioscience Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Elena Dragicevic
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstr 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jan Turner
- Axol Bioscience Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
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Giraud Q, Laporte J. Amphiphysin-2 (BIN1) functions and defects in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:579-591. [PMID: 38514365 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Amphiphysin-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein also known as bridging integrator 1 (BIN1), playing a critical role in membrane remodeling, trafficking, and cytoskeleton dynamics in a wide range of tissues. Mutations in the gene encoding BIN1 cause centronuclear myopathies (CNM), and recent evidence has implicated BIN1 in heart failure, underlining its crucial role in both skeletal and cardiac muscle. Furthermore, altered expression of BIN1 is linked to an increased risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease and several types of cancer, including breast, colon, prostate, and lung cancers. Recently, the first proof-of-concept for potential therapeutic strategies modulating BIN1 were obtained for muscle diseases. In this review article, we discuss the similarities and differences in BIN1's functions in cardiac and skeletal muscle, along with its associated diseases and potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Giraud
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, 67400, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, 67400, France.
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6
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Min S, Kim S, Sim WS, Choi YS, Joo H, Park JH, Lee SJ, Kim H, Lee MJ, Jeong I, Cui B, Jo SH, Kim JJ, Hong SB, Choi YJ, Ban K, Kim YG, Park JU, Lee HA, Park HJ, Cho SW. Versatile human cardiac tissues engineered with perfusable heart extracellular microenvironment for biomedical applications. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2564. [PMID: 38519491 PMCID: PMC10960018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Engineered human cardiac tissues have been utilized for various biomedical applications, including drug testing, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. However, the applications of cardiac tissues derived from human pluripotent stem cells are often limited due to their immaturity and lack of functionality. Therefore, in this study, we establish a perfusable culture system based on in vivo-like heart microenvironments to improve human cardiac tissue fabrication. The integrated culture platform of a microfluidic chip and a three-dimensional heart extracellular matrix enhances human cardiac tissue development and their structural and functional maturation. These tissues are comprised of cardiovascular lineage cells, including cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells, as well as vascular endothelial cells. The resultant macroscale human cardiac tissues exhibit improved efficacy in drug testing (small molecules with various levels of arrhythmia risk), disease modeling (Long QT Syndrome and cardiac fibrosis), and regenerative therapy (myocardial infarction treatment). Therefore, our culture system can serve as a highly effective tissue-engineering platform to provide human cardiac tissues for versatile biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Min
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Suran Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Cellartgen, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sup Sim
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Sun Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyebin Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Park
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Kim
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhea Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Baofang Cui
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Beom Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Jik Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Ban
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Ung Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Ae Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Jun Park
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
- Cell Death Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Cellartgen, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Fujita N, Girada S, Vogler G, Bodmer R, Kiger AA. PI(4,5)P 2 role in Transverse-tubule membrane formation and muscle function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.31.578124. [PMID: 38352484 PMCID: PMC10862868 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.31.578124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Transverse (T)-tubules - vast, tubulated domains of the muscle plasma membrane - are critical to maintain healthy skeletal and heart contractions. How the intricate T-tubule membranes are formed is not well understood, with challenges to systematically interrogate in muscle. We established the use of intact Drosophila larval body wall muscles as an ideal system to discover mechanisms that sculpt and maintain the T-tubule membrane network. A muscle-targeted genetic screen identified specific phosphoinositide lipid regulators necessary for T-tubule organization and muscle function. We show that a PI4KIIIα - Skittles/PIP5K pathway is needed for T-tubule localized PI(4)P to PI(4,5)P 2 synthesis, T-tubule organization, calcium regulation, and muscle and heart rate functions. Muscles deficient for PI4KIIIα or Amphiphysin , the homolog of human BIN1 , similarly exhibited specific loss of transversal T-tubule membranes and dyad junctions, yet retained longitudinal membranes and the associated dyads. Our results highlight the power of live muscle studies, uncovering distinct mechanisms and functions for sub-compartments of the T-tubule network relevant to human myopathy. Summary T-tubules - vast, tubulated domains of the muscle plasma membrane - are critical to maintain skeletal and heart contractions. Fujita et al . establish genetic screens and assays in intact Drosophila muscles that uncover PI(4,5)P 2 regulation critical for T-tubule maintenance and function. Key Findings PI4KIIIα is required for muscle T-tubule formation and larval mobility. A PI4KIIIα-Sktl pathway promotes PI(4)P and PI(4,5)P 2 function at T-tubules. PI4KIIIα is necessary for calcium dynamics and transversal but not longitudinal dyads. Disruption of PI(4,5)P 2 function in fly heart leads to fragmented T-tubules and abnormal heart rate.
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Laasmaa M, Branovets J, Stolova J, Shen X, Rätsepso T, Balodis MJ, Grahv C, Hendrikson E, Louch WE, Birkedal R, Vendelin M. Cardiomyocytes from female compared to male mice have larger ryanodine receptor clusters and higher calcium spark frequency. J Physiol 2023; 601:4033-4052. [PMID: 37561554 DOI: 10.1113/jp284515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in cardiac physiology are receiving increased attention as it has become clear that men and women have different aetiologies of cardiac disease and require different treatments. There are experimental data suggesting that male cardiomyocytes exhibit larger Ca2+ transients due to larger Ca2+ sparks and a higher excitation-contraction coupling gain; in addition, they exhibit a larger response to adrenergic stimulation with isoprenaline (ISO). Here, we studied whether there are sex differences relating to structural organization of the transverse tubular network and ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Surprisingly, we found that female cardiomyocytes exhibited a higher spark frequency in a range of spark magnitudes. While overall RyR expression and phosphorylation were the same, female cardiomyocytes had larger but fewer RyR clusters. The density of transverse t-tubules was the same, but male cardiomyocytes had more longitudinal t-tubules. The Ca2+ transients were similar in male and female cardiomyocytes under control conditions and in the presence of ISO. The synchrony of the Ca2+ transients was similar between sexes as well. Overall, our data suggest subtle sex differences in the Ca2+ influx and efflux pathways and their response to ISO, but these differences are balanced, resulting in similar Ca2+ transients in field-stimulated male and female cardiomyocytes. The higher spark frequency in female cardiomyocytes is related to the organization of RyRs into larger, but fewer clusters. KEY POINTS: During a heartbeat, the force of contraction depends on the amplitude of the calcium transient, which in turn depends on the amount of calcium released as calcium sparks through ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Previous studies suggest that cardiomyocytes from male compared to female mice exhibit larger calcium sparks, larger sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release and greater response to adrenergic stimulation triggering a fight-or-flight response. In contrast, we show that cardiomyocytes from female mice have a higher spark frequency during adrenergic stimulation and similar spark morphology. The higher spark frequency is related to the organization of ryanodine receptors into fewer, but larger clusters in female compared to male mouse cardiomyocytes. Despite subtle sex differences in cardiomyocyte structure and calcium fluxes, the differences are balanced, leading to similar calcium transients in cardiomyocytes from male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Laasmaa
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jelena Branovets
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jekaterina Stolova
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Triinu Rätsepso
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Jaan Balodis
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Cärolin Grahv
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Eliise Hendrikson
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - William Edward Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rikke Birkedal
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marko Vendelin
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
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9
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Li J, Sundnes J, Hou Y, Laasmaa M, Ruud M, Unger A, Kolstad TR, Frisk M, Norseng PA, Yang L, Setterberg IE, Alves ES, Kalakoutis M, Sejersted OM, Lanner JT, Linke WA, Lunde IG, de Tombe PP, Louch WE. Stretch Harmonizes Sarcomere Strain Across the Cardiomyocyte. Circ Res 2023; 133:255-270. [PMID: 37401464 PMCID: PMC10355805 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing cardiomyocyte contraction during myocardial stretch serves as the basis for the Frank-Starling mechanism in the heart. However, it remains unclear how this phenomenon occurs regionally within cardiomyocytes, at the level of individual sarcomeres. We investigated sarcomere contractile synchrony and how intersarcomere dynamics contribute to increasing contractility during cell lengthening. METHODS Sarcomere strain and Ca2+ were simultaneously recorded in isolated left ventricular cardiomyocytes during 1 Hz field stimulation at 37 °C, at resting length and following stepwise stretch. RESULTS We observed that in unstretched rat cardiomyocytes, differential sarcomere deformation occurred during each beat. Specifically, while most sarcomeres shortened during the stimulus, ≈10% to 20% of sarcomeres were stretched or remained stationary. This nonuniform strain was not traced to regional Ca2+ disparities but rather shorter resting lengths and lower force production in systolically stretched sarcomeres. Lengthening of the cell recruited additional shortening sarcomeres, which increased contractile efficiency as less negative, wasted work was performed by stretched sarcomeres. Given the known role of titin in setting sarcomere dimensions, we next hypothesized that modulating titin expression would alter intersarcomere dynamics. Indeed, in cardiomyocytes from mice with titin haploinsufficiency, we observed greater variability in resting sarcomere length, lower recruitment of shortening sarcomeres, and impaired work performance during cell lengthening. CONCLUSIONS Graded sarcomere recruitment directs cardiomyocyte work performance, and harmonization of sarcomere strain increases contractility during cell stretch. By setting sarcomere dimensions, titin controls sarcomere recruitment, and its lowered expression in haploinsufficiency mutations impairs cardiomyocyte contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | | | - Yufeng Hou
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Martin Laasmaa
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Marianne Ruud
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Andreas Unger
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Germany (A.U., W.A.L.)
| | - Terje R. Kolstad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Per Andreas Norseng
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | | | - Ingunn E. Setterberg
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Estela S. Alves
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.S.A., M.K., J.T.L.)
| | - Michaeljohn Kalakoutis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.S.A., M.K., J.T.L.)
| | - Ole M. Sejersted
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Johanna T. Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (E.S.A., M.K., J.T.L.)
| | - Wolfgang A. Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Germany (A.U., W.A.L.)
| | - Ida G. Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
| | - Pieter P. de Tombe
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago (P.P.d.T.)
- Phymedexp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, France (P.P.d.T.)
| | - William E. Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., P.A.N., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Norway (J.L., Y.H., M.L., M.R., T.R.K., M.F., I.E.S., O.M.S., I.G.L., W.E.L.)
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10
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Grandi E, Navedo MF, Saucerman JJ, Bers DM, Chiamvimonvat N, Dixon RE, Dobrev D, Gomez AM, Harraz OF, Hegyi B, Jones DK, Krogh-Madsen T, Murfee WL, Nystoriak MA, Posnack NG, Ripplinger CM, Veeraraghavan R, Weinberg S. Diversity of cells and signals in the cardiovascular system. J Physiol 2023; 601:2547-2592. [PMID: 36744541 PMCID: PMC10313794 DOI: 10.1113/jp284011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This white paper is the outcome of the seventh UC Davis Cardiovascular Research Symposium on Systems Approach to Understanding Cardiovascular Disease and Arrhythmia. This biannual meeting aims to bring together leading experts in subfields of cardiovascular biomedicine to focus on topics of importance to the field. The theme of the 2022 Symposium was 'Cell Diversity in the Cardiovascular System, cell-autonomous and cell-cell signalling'. Experts in the field contributed their experimental and mathematical modelling perspectives and discussed emerging questions, controversies, and challenges in examining cell and signal diversity, co-ordination and interrelationships involved in cardiovascular function. This paper originates from the topics of formal presentations and informal discussions from the Symposium, which aimed to develop a holistic view of how the multiple cell types in the cardiovascular system integrate to influence cardiovascular function, disease progression and therapeutic strategies. The first section describes the major cell types (e.g. cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neurons, immune cells, etc.) and the signals involved in cardiovascular function. The second section emphasizes the complexity at the subcellular, cellular and system levels in the context of cardiovascular development, ageing and disease. Finally, the third section surveys the technological innovations that allow the interrogation of this diversity and advancing our understanding of the integrated cardiovascular function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Manuel F. Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rose E. Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana M. Gomez
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Osama F. Harraz
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, and Vermont Center for Cardiovascular and Brain Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David K. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Trine Krogh-Madsen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Walter Lee Murfee
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew A. Nystoriak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Nikki G. Posnack
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric and Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Heart Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University – Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seth Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University – Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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11
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Hurley ME, White E, Sheard TMD, Steele D, Jayasinghe I. Correlative super-resolution analysis of cardiac calcium sparks and their molecular origins in health and disease. Open Biol 2023; 13:230045. [PMID: 37220792 PMCID: PMC10205181 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid release of calcium from internal stores via ryanodine receptors (RyRs) is one of the fastest types of cytoplasmic second messenger signalling in excitable cells. In the heart, rapid summation of the elementary events of calcium release, 'calcium sparks', determine the contraction of the myocardium. We adapted a correlative super-resolution microscopy protocol to correlate sub-plasmalemmal spontaneous calcium sparks in rat right ventricular myocytes with the local nanoscale RyR2 positions. This revealed a steep relationship between the integral of a calcium spark and the sum of the local RyR2s. Segmentation of recurring spark sites showed evidence of repeated and triggered saltatory activation of multiple local RyR2 clusters. In myocytes taken from failing right ventricles, RyR2 clusters themselves showed a dissipated morphology and fragmented (smaller) clusters. They also featured greater heterogeneity in both the spark properties and the relationship between the integral of the calcium spark and the local ensemble of RyR2s. While fragmented (smaller) RyR2 clusters were rarely observed directly underlying the larger sparks or the recurring spark sites, local interrogation of the channel-to-channel distances confirmed a clear link between the positions of each calcium spark and the tight, non-random clustering of the local RyR2 in both healthy and failing ventricles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E. Hurley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ed White
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas M. D. Sheard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Derek Steele
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Izzy Jayasinghe
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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12
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Polycystin-1 Is a Crucial Regulator of BIN1 Expression and T-Tubule Remodeling Associated with the Development of Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010667. [PMID: 36614108 PMCID: PMC9820588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is commonly observed in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), even when they have normal renal function and arterial pressure. The role of cardiomyocyte polycystin-1 (PC1) in cardiovascular pathophysiology remains unknown. PC1 is a potential regulator of BIN1 that maintains T-tubule structure, and alterations in BIN1 expression induce cardiac pathologies. We used a cardiomyocyte-specific PC1-silenced (PC1-KO) mouse model to explore the relevance of cardiomyocyte PC1 in the development of heart failure (HF), considering reduced BIN1 expression induced T-tubule remodeling as a potential mechanism. PC1-KO mice exhibited an impairment of cardiac function, as measured by echocardiography, but no signs of HF until 7-9 months of age. Of the PC1-KO mice, 43% died suddenly at 7 months of age, and 100% died after 9 months with dilated cardiomyopathy. Total BIN1 mRNA, protein levels, and its localization in plasma membrane-enriched fractions decreased in PC1-KO mice. Moreover, the BIN1 + 13 isoform decreased while the BIN1 + 13 + 17 isoform was overexpressed in mice without signs of HF. However, BIN1 + 13 + 17 overexpression was not observed in mice with HF. T-tubule remodeling and BIN1 score measured in plasma samples were associated with decreased PC1-BIN1 expression and HF development. Our results show that decreased PC1 expression in cardiomyocytes induces dilated cardiomyopathy associated with diminished BIN1 expression and T-tubule remodeling. In conclusion, positive modulation of BIN1 expression by PC1 suggests a novel pathway that may be relevant to understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to cardiomyopathy in ADPKD patients.
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13
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Menzele A, Aboalgasm H, Ballo R, Gwanyanya A. Hyperglycaemia-induced impairment of the autorhythmicity and gap junction activity of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte-like cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 159:329-337. [PMID: 36547741 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus with hyperglycaemia is a major risk factor for malignant cardiac dysrhythmias. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, especially during the embryonic developmental phase of the heart. This study investigated the effect of hyperglycaemia on the pulsatile activity of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were differentiated into cardiac-like cells through embryoid body (EB) formation, in either baseline glucose or high glucose conditions. Action potentials (APs) were recorded using a voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye and gap junction activity was evaluated using scrape-loading lucifer yellow dye transfer assay. Molecular components were detected using immunocytochemistry and immunoblot analyses. High glucose decreased the spontaneous beating rate of EBs and shortened the duration of onset of quinidine-induced asystole. Furthermore, it altered AP amplitude, but not AP duration, and had no impact on neither the expression of the hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated isoform 4 (HCN4) channel nor on the EB beating rate response to ivabradine nor isoprenaline. High glucose also decreased both the intercellular spread of lucifer yellow within an EB and the expression of the cardiac gap junction protein connexin 43 as well as upregulated the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and phosphorylated Smad3. High glucose suppressed the autorhythmicity and gap junction conduction of mESC-derived cardiomyocytes, via mechanisms probably involving TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling. The results allude to glucotoxicity related proarrhythmic effects, with potential clinical implications in foetal diabetic cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Menzele
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Hamida Aboalgasm
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Robea Ballo
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Asfree Gwanyanya
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
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14
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Smith CER, Pinali C, Eisner DA, Trafford AW, Dibb KM. Enhanced calcium release at specialised surface sites compensates for reduced t-tubule density in neonatal sheep atrial myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 173:61-70. [PMID: 36038009 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.08.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac myocytes rely on transverse (t)-tubules to facilitate a rapid rise in calcium throughout the cell. However, despite their importance in triggering synchronous Ca2+ release, t-tubules are highly labile structures. They develop postnatally, increase in density during exercise training and are lost in diseases such as heart failure (HF). In the majority of settings, an absence of t-tubules decreases function. Here we show that despite reduced t-tubule density due to immature t-tubules, the newborn atrium is highly specialised to maintain Ca2+ release. To compensate for fewer t-tubules triggering a central rise in Ca2+, Ca2+ release at sites on the cell surface is enhanced in the newborn, exceeding that at all Ca2+ release sites in the adult. Using electron and super resolution microscopy to investigate myocyte ultrastructure, we found that newborn atrial cells had enlarged surface sarcoplasmic reticulum and larger, more closely spaced surface and central ryanodine receptor clusters. We suggest that these adaptations mediate enhanced Ca2+ release at the sarcolemma and aid propagation to compensate for reduced t-tubule density in the neonatal atrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E R Smith
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Pinali
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - David A Eisner
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew W Trafford
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Katharine M Dibb
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom.
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15
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Birkedal R, Laasmaa M, Branovets J, Vendelin M. Ontogeny of cardiomyocytes: ultrastructure optimization to meet the demand for tight communication in excitation-contraction coupling and energy transfer. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210321. [PMID: 36189816 PMCID: PMC9527910 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ontogeny of the heart describes its development from the fetal to the adult stage. In newborn mammals, blood pressure and thus cardiac performance are relatively low. The cardiomyocytes are thin, and with a central core of mitochondria surrounded by a ring of myofilaments, while the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is sparse. During development, as blood pressure and performance increase, the cardiomyocytes become more packed with structures involved in excitation–contraction (e-c) coupling (SR and myofilaments) and the generation of ATP (mitochondria) to fuel the contraction. In parallel, the e-c coupling relies increasingly on calcium fluxes through the SR, while metabolism relies increasingly on fatty acid oxidation. The development of transverse tubules and SR brings channels and transporters interacting via calcium closer to each other and is crucial for e-c coupling. However, for energy transfer, it may seem counterintuitive that the increased structural density restricts the overall ATP/ADP diffusion. In this review, we discuss how this is because of the organization of all these structures forming modules. Although the overall diffusion across modules is more restricted, the energy transfer within modules is fast. A few studies suggest that in failing hearts this modular design is disrupted, and this may compromise intracellular energy transfer. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The cardiomyocyte: new revelations on the interplay between architecture and function in growth, health, and disease’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Birkedal
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia 15, room SCI-218, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Martin Laasmaa
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia 15, room SCI-218, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jelena Branovets
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia 15, room SCI-218, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marko Vendelin
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia 15, room SCI-218, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
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16
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Hamledari H, Asghari P, Jayousi F, Aguirre A, Maaref Y, Barszczewski T, Ser T, Moore E, Wasserman W, Klein Geltink R, Teves S, Tibbits GF. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes to understand the mechanisms driving cardiomyocyte maturation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:967659. [PMID: 36061558 PMCID: PMC9429949 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.967659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality and reduced quality of life globally. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) provide a personalized platform to study inherited heart diseases, drug-induced cardiac toxicity, and cardiac regenerative therapy. However, the immaturity of CMs obtained by current strategies is a major hurdle in utilizing hiPSC-CMs at their fullest potential. Here, the major findings and limitations of current maturation methodologies to enhance the utility of hiPSC-CMs in the battle against a major source of morbidity and mortality are reviewed. The most recent knowledge of the potential signaling pathways involved in the transition of fetal to adult CMs are assimilated. In particular, we take a deeper look on role of nutrient sensing signaling pathways and the potential role of cap-independent translation mediated by the modulation of mTOR pathway in the regulation of cardiac gap junctions and other yet to be identified aspects of CM maturation. Moreover, a relatively unexplored perspective on how our knowledge on the effects of preterm birth on cardiovascular development can be actually utilized to enhance the current understanding of CM maturation is examined. Furthermore, the interaction between the evolving neonatal human heart and brown adipose tissue as the major source of neonatal thermogenesis and its endocrine function on CM development is another discussed topic which is worthy of future investigation. Finally, the current knowledge regarding transcriptional mediators of CM maturation is still limited. The recent studies have produced the groundwork to better understand CM maturation in terms of providing some of the key factors involved in maturation and development of metrics for assessment of maturation which proves essential for future studies on in vitro PSC-CMs maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Hamledari
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Parisa Asghari
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Farah Jayousi
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alejandro Aguirre
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yasaman Maaref
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tiffany Barszczewski
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Terri Ser
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Edwin Moore
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wyeth Wasserman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ramon Klein Geltink
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sheila Teves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Glen F. Tibbits
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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17
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Abstract
In mammalian cardiac myocytes, the plasma membrane includes the surface sarcolemma but also a network of membrane invaginations called transverse (t-) tubules. These structures carry the action potential deep into the cell interior, allowing efficient triggering of Ca2+ release and initiation of contraction. Once thought to serve as rather static enablers of excitation-contraction coupling, recent work has provided a newfound appreciation of the plasticity of the t-tubule network's structure and function. Indeed, t-tubules are now understood to support dynamic regulation of the heartbeat across a range of timescales, during all stages of life, in both health and disease. This review article aims to summarize these concepts, with consideration given to emerging t-tubule regulators and their targeting in future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine M Dibb
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom;
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Andrew W Trafford
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom;
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18
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Dixon RE. Nanoscale Organization, Regulation, and Dynamic Reorganization of Cardiac Calcium Channels. Front Physiol 2022; 12:810408. [PMID: 35069264 PMCID: PMC8769284 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.810408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The architectural specializations and targeted delivery pathways of cardiomyocytes ensure that L-type Ca2+ channels (CaV1.2) are concentrated on the t-tubule sarcolemma within nanometers of their intracellular partners the type 2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2) which cluster on the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (jSR). The organization and distribution of these two groups of cardiac calcium channel clusters critically underlies the uniform contraction of the myocardium. Ca2+ signaling between these two sets of adjacent clusters produces Ca2+ sparks that in health, cannot escalate into Ca2+ waves because there is sufficient separation of adjacent clusters so that the release of Ca2+ from one RyR2 cluster or supercluster, cannot activate and sustain the release of Ca2+ from neighboring clusters. Instead, thousands of these Ca2+ release units (CRUs) generate near simultaneous Ca2+ sparks across every cardiomyocyte during the action potential when calcium induced calcium release from RyR2 is stimulated by depolarization induced Ca2+ influx through voltage dependent CaV1.2 channel clusters. These sparks summate to generate a global Ca2+ transient that activates the myofilaments and thus the electrical signal of the action potential is transduced into a functional output, myocardial contraction. To generate more, or less contractile force to match the hemodynamic and metabolic demands of the body, the heart responds to β-adrenergic signaling by altering activity of calcium channels to tune excitation-contraction coupling accordingly. Recent accumulating evidence suggests that this tuning process also involves altered expression, and dynamic reorganization of CaV1.2 and RyR2 channels on their respective membranes to control the amplitude of Ca2+ entry, SR Ca2+ release and myocardial function. In heart failure and aging, altered distribution and reorganization of these key Ca2+ signaling proteins occurs alongside architectural remodeling and is thought to contribute to impaired contractile function. In the present review we discuss these latest developments, their implications, and future questions to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose E Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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19
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Approaches to Optimize Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Maturation and Function. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-021-00197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Setterberg IE, Le C, Frisk M, Li J, Louch WE. The Physiology and Pathophysiology of T-Tubules in the Heart. Front Physiol 2021; 12:718404. [PMID: 34566684 PMCID: PMC8458775 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.718404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In cardiomyocytes, invaginations of the sarcolemmal membrane called t-tubules are critically important for triggering contraction by excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. These structures form functional junctions with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and thereby enable close contact between L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) and Ryanodine Receptors (RyRs). This arrangement in turn ensures efficient triggering of Ca2+ release, and contraction. While new data indicate that t-tubules are capable of exhibiting compensatory remodeling, they are also widely reported to be structurally and functionally compromised during disease, resulting in disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis, impaired systolic and/or diastolic function, and arrhythmogenesis. This review summarizes these findings, while highlighting an emerging appreciation of the distinct roles of t-tubules in the pathophysiology of heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF and HFpEF). In this context, we review current understanding of the processes underlying t-tubule growth, maintenance, and degradation, underscoring the involvement of a variety of regulatory proteins, including junctophilin-2 (JPH2), amphiphysin-2 (BIN1), caveolin-3 (Cav3), and newer candidate proteins. Upstream regulation of t-tubule structure/function by cardiac workload and specifically ventricular wall stress is also discussed, alongside perspectives for novel strategies which may therapeutically target these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn E Setterberg
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher Le
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jia Li
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Biquand A, Spinozzi S, Tonino P, Cosette J, Strom J, Elbeck Z, Knöll R, Granzier H, Lostal W, Richard I. Titin M-line insertion sequence 7 is required for proper cardiac function in mice. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271843. [PMID: 34401916 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Titin is a giant sarcomeric protein that is involved in a large number of functions, with a primary role in skeletal and cardiac sarcomere organization and stiffness. The titin gene (TTN) is subject to various alternative splicing events, but in the region that is present at the M-line, the only exon that can be spliced out is Mex5, which encodes for the insertion sequence 7 (is7). Interestingly, in the heart, the majority of titin isoforms are Mex5+, suggesting a cardiac role for is7. Here, we performed comprehensive functional, histological, transcriptomic, microscopic and molecular analyses of a mouse model lacking the Ttn Mex5 exon (ΔMex5), and revealed that the absence of the is7 is causative for dilated cardiomyopathy. ΔMex5 mice showed altered cardiac function accompanied by increased fibrosis and ultrastructural alterations. Abnormal expression of excitation-contraction coupling proteins was also observed. The results reported here confirm the importance of the C-terminal region of titin in cardiac function and are the first to suggest a possible relationship between the is7 and excitation-contraction coupling. Finally, these findings give important insights for the identification of new targets in the treatment of titinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Biquand
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Généthon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Simone Spinozzi
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Généthon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Paola Tonino
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | | | - Joshua Strom
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Zaher Elbeck
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (ICMC), Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ralph Knöll
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (ICMC), Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden.,Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, 431 50 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henk Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - William Lostal
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Généthon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Isabelle Richard
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Généthon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
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22
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Frisk M, Le C, Shen X, Røe ÅT, Hou Y, Manfra O, Silva GJJ, van Hout I, Norden ES, Aronsen JM, Laasmaa M, Espe EKS, Zouein FA, Lambert RR, Dahl CP, Sjaastad I, Lunde IG, Coffey S, Cataliotti A, Gullestad L, Tønnessen T, Jones PP, Altara R, Louch WE. Etiology-Dependent Impairment of Diastolic Cardiomyocyte Calcium Homeostasis in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:405-419. [PMID: 33509397 PMCID: PMC7840890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whereas heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with ventricular dilation and markedly reduced systolic function, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients exhibit concentric hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Impaired cardiomyocyte Ca2+ homeostasis in HFrEF has been linked to disruption of membrane invaginations called t-tubules, but it is unknown if such changes occur in HFpEF. OBJECTIVES This study examined whether distinct cardiomyocyte phenotypes underlie the heart failure entities of HFrEF and HFpEF. METHODS T-tubule structure was investigated in left ventricular biopsies obtained from HFrEF and HFpEF patients, whereas cardiomyocyte Ca2+ homeostasis was studied in rat models of these conditions. RESULTS HFpEF patients exhibited increased t-tubule density in comparison with control subjects. Super-resolution imaging revealed that higher t-tubule density resulted from both tubule dilation and proliferation. In contrast, t-tubule density was reduced in patients with HFrEF. Augmented collagen deposition within t-tubules was observed in HFrEF but not HFpEF hearts. A causative link between mechanical stress and t-tubule disruption was supported by markedly elevated ventricular wall stress in HFrEF patients. In HFrEF rats, t-tubule loss was linked to impaired systolic Ca2+ homeostasis, although diastolic Ca2+ removal was also reduced. In contrast, Ca2+ transient magnitude and release kinetics were largely maintained in HFpEF rats. However, diastolic Ca2+ impairments, including reduced sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity, were specifically observed in diabetic HFpEF but not in ischemic or hypertensive models. CONCLUSIONS Although t-tubule disruption and impaired cardiomyocyte Ca2+ release are hallmarks of HFrEF, such changes are not prominent in HFpEF. Impaired diastolic Ca2+ homeostasis occurs in both conditions, but in HFpEF, this mechanism for diastolic dysfunction is etiology-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. https://twitter.com/IEMRLouch
| | - Christopher Le
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åsmund T Røe
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yufeng Hou
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ornella Manfra
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gustavo J J Silva
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Isabelle van Hout
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Einar S Norden
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Magnus Aronsen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Laasmaa
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emil K S Espe
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Regis R Lambert
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Christen P Dahl
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine and HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alessandro Cataliotti
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Gullestad
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Theis Tønnessen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter P Jones
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. https://twitter.com/IEMRLouch
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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23
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Naumenko N, Mutikainen M, Holappa L, Ruas JL, Tuomainen T, Tavi P. PGC-1α deficiency reveals sex-specific links between cardiac energy metabolism and EC-coupling during development of heart failure in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1520-1534. [PMID: 34086875 PMCID: PMC9074965 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Biological sex has fundamental effects on mammalian heart physiology and pathogenesis. While it has been established that female sex is a protective factor against most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), this beneficial effect may involve pathways associated with cardiac energy metabolism. Our aim was to elucidate the role of transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in sex dimorphism of heart failure (HF) development. Methods and results Here, we show that mice deficient in cardiac expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) develop dilated HF associated with changes in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, calcium handling, cell structure, electrophysiology, as well as gene expression. These cardiac changes occur in both sexes, but female mice develop an earlier and more severe structural and functional phenotype associated with dyssynchronous local calcium release resulting from disruption of t-tubular structures of the cardiomyocytes. Conclusions These data reveal that the integrity of the subcellular Ca2+ release and uptake machinery is dependent on energy metabolism and that female hearts are more prone to suffer from contractile dysfunction in conditions with compromised production of cellular energy. Furthermore, these findings suggest that PGC-1α is a central mediator of sex-specific differences in heart function and CVD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Naumenko
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lari Holappa
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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24
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Roth R, Kim S, Kim J, Rhee S. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics approaches of cardiovascular development and disease. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 32684243 PMCID: PMC7473476 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.8.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in the resolution and throughput of single-cell analyses, including single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), have achieved significant progress in biomedical research in the last decade. These techniques have been used to understand cellular heterogeneity by identifying many rare and novel cell types and characterizing subpopulations of cells that make up organs and tissues. Analysis across various datasets can elucidate temporal patterning in gene expression and developmental cues and is also employed to examine the response of cells to acute injury, damage, or disruption. Specifically, scRNA-seq and spatially resolved transcriptomics have been used to describe the identity of novel or rare cell subpopulations and transcriptional variations that are related to normal and pathological conditions in mammalian models and human tissues. These applications have critically contributed to advance basic cardiovascular research in the past decade by identifying novel cell types implicated in development and disease. In this review, we describe current scRNA-seq technologies and how current scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic (ST) techniques have advanced our understanding of cardiovascular development and disease. [BMB Reports 2020; 53(8): 393-399].
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Roth
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jeesu Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Siyeon Rhee
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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25
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Yamakawa S, Wu D, Dasgupta M, Pedamallu H, Gupta B, Modi R, Mufti M, O'Callaghan C, Frisk M, Louch WE, Arora R, Shiferaw Y, Burrell A, Ryan J, Nelson L, Chow M, Shah SJ, Aistrup G, Zhou J, Marszalec W, Wasserstrom JA. Role of t-tubule remodeling on mechanisms of abnormal calcium release during heart failure development in canine ventricle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1658-H1669. [PMID: 33635163 PMCID: PMC8260383 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00946.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to investigate the role of t-tubule (TT) remodeling in abnormal Ca2+ cycling in ventricular myocytes of failing dog hearts. Heart failure (HF) was induced using rapid right ventricular pacing. Extensive changes in echocardiographic parameters, including left and right ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, elevated left ventricular filling pressures, and abnormal cardiac mechanics, indicated that severe HF developed. TT loss was extensive when measured as the density of total cell volume, derived from three-dimensional confocal image analysis, and significantly increased the distances in the cell interior to closest cell membrane. Changes in Ca2+ transients indicated increases in heterogeneity of Ca2+ release along the cell length. When critical properties of Ca2+ release variability were plotted as a function of TT organization, there was a complex, nonlinear relationship between impaired calcium release and decreasing TT organization below a certain threshold of TT organization leading to increased sensitivity in Ca2+ release below a TT density threshold of 1.5%. The loss of TTs was also associated with a greater incidence of triggered Ca2+ waves during rapid pacing. Finally, virtually all of these observations were replicated by acute detubulation by formamide treatment, indicating an important role of TT remodeling in impaired Ca2+ cycling. We conclude that TT remodeling itself is a major contributor to abnormal Ca2+ cycling in HF, reducing myocardial performance. The loss of TTs is also responsible for a greater incidence of triggered Ca2+ waves that may play a role in ventricular arrhythmias arising in HF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Three-dimensional analysis of t-tubule density showed t-tubule disruption throughout the whole myocyte in failing dog ventricle. A double-linear relationship between Ca2+ release and t-tubule density displays a steeper slope at t-tubule densities below a threshold value (∼1.5%) above which there is little effect on Ca2+ release (T-tubule reserve). T-tubule loss increases incidence of triggered Ca2+ waves. Chemically induced t-tubule disruption suggests that t-tubule loss alone is a critical component of abnormal Ca2+ cycling in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Yamakawa
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel Wu
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mona Dasgupta
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Havisha Pedamallu
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Binita Gupta
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rishi Modi
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maryam Mufti
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Caitlin O'Callaghan
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rishi Arora
- California State University Northridge, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yohannes Shiferaw
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amy Burrell
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Juliet Ryan
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lauren Nelson
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Madeleine Chow
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- The Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, New York
| | - Gary Aistrup
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Junlan Zhou
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William Marszalec
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Laasmaa M, Branovets J, Barsunova K, Karro N, Lygate CA, Birkedal R, Vendelin M. Altered calcium handling in cardiomyocytes from arginine-glycine amidinotransferase-knockout mice is rescued by creatine. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H805-H825. [PMID: 33275525 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00300.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The creatine kinase system facilitates energy transfer between mitochondria and the major ATPases in the heart. Creatine-deficient mice, which lack arginine-glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) to synthesize creatine and homoarginine, exhibit reduced cardiac contractility. We studied how the absence of a functional CK system influences calcium handling in isolated cardiomyocytes from AGAT-knockouts and wild-type littermates as well as in AGAT-knockout mice receiving lifelong creatine supplementation via the food. Using a combination of whole cell patch clamp and fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrate that the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) current amplitude and voltage range of activation were significantly lower in AGAT-knockout compared with wild-type littermates. Additionally, the inactivation of LTCC and the calcium transient decay were significantly slower. According to our modeling results, these changes can be reproduced by reducing three parameters in knockout mice when compared with wild-type: LTCC conductance, the exchange constant of Ca2+ transfer between subspace and cytosol, and SERCA activity. Because tissue expression of LTCC and SERCA protein were not significantly different between genotypes, this suggests the involvement of posttranslational regulatory mechanisms or structural reorganization. The AGAT-knockout phenotype of calcium handling was fully reversed by dietary creatine supplementation throughout life. Our results indicate reduced calcium cycling in cardiomyocytes from AGAT-knockouts and suggest that the creatine kinase system is important for the development of calcium handling in the heart.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Creatine-deficient mice lacking arginine-glycine amidinotransferase exhibit compromised cardiac function. Here, we show that this is at least partially due to an overall slowing of calcium dynamics. Calcium influx into the cytosol via the L-type calcium current (LTCC) is diminished, and the rate of the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) pumping calcium back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum is slower. The expression of LTCC and SERCA did not change, suggesting that the changes are regulatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Laasmaa
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jelena Branovets
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Karina Barsunova
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Niina Karro
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Craig A Lygate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, and the British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Tallinn, United Kingdom
| | - Rikke Birkedal
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marko Vendelin
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Department of Cybernetics, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
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Fiegle DJ, Schöber M, Dittrich S, Cesnjevar R, Klingel K, Volk T, Alkassar M, Seidel T. Severe T-System Remodeling in Pediatric Viral Myocarditis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:624776. [PMID: 33537349 PMCID: PMC7848076 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.624776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (HF) in adults causes remodeling of the cardiomyocyte transverse tubular system (t-system), which contributes to disease progression by impairing excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. However, it is unknown if t-system remodeling occurs in pediatric heart failure. This study investigated the t-system in pediatric viral myocarditis. The t-system and integrity of EC coupling junctions (co-localization of L-type Ca2+ channels with ryanodine receptors and junctophilin-2) were analyzed by 3D confocal microscopy in left-ventricular (LV) samples from 5 children with myocarditis (age 14 ± 3 months), undergoing ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation, and 5 children with atrioventricular septum defect (AVSD, age 17 ± 3 months), undergoing corrective surgery. LV ejection fraction (EF) was 58.4 ± 2.3% in AVSD and 12.2 ± 2.4% in acute myocarditis. Cardiomyocytes from myocarditis samples showed increased t-tubule distance (1.27 ± 0.05 μm, n = 34 cells) and dilation of t-tubules (volume-length ratio: 0.64 ± 0.02 μm2) when compared with AVSD (0.90 ± 0.02 μm, p < 0.001; 0.52 ± 0.02 μm2, n = 61, p < 0.01). Intriguingly, 4 out of 5 myocarditis samples exhibited sheet-like t-tubules (t-sheets), a characteristic feature of adult chronic heart failure. The fraction of extracellular matrix was slightly higher in myocarditis (26.6 ± 1.4%) than in AVSD samples (24.4 ± 0.8%, p < 0.05). In one case of myocarditis, a second biopsy was taken and analyzed at VAD explantation after extensive cardiac recovery (EF from 7 to 56%) and clinical remission. When compared with pre-VAD, t-tubule distance and density were unchanged, as well as volume-length ratio (0.67 ± 0.04 μm2 vs. 0.72 ± 0.05 μm2, p = 0.5), reflecting extant t-sheets. However, junctophilin-2 cluster density was considerably higher (0.12 ± 0.02 μm−3 vs. 0.05 ± 0.01 μm−3, n = 9/10, p < 0.001), approaching values of AVSD (0.13 ± 0.05 μm−3, n = 56), and the measure of intact EC coupling junctions showed a distinct increase (20.2 ± 5.0% vs. 6.8 ± 2.2%, p < 0.001). Severe t-system loss and remodeling to t-sheets can occur in acute HF in young children, resembling the structural changes of chronically failing adult hearts. T-system remodeling might contribute to cardiac dysfunction in viral myocarditis. Although t-system recovery remains elusive, recovery of EC coupling junctions may be possible and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik J Fiegle
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Schöber
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Dittrich
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Cesnjevar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilmann Volk
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Muhannad Alkassar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Seidel
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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28
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Gross P, Johnson J, Romero CM, Eaton DM, Poulet C, Sanchez-Alonso J, Lucarelli C, Ross J, Gibb AA, Garbincius JF, Lambert J, Varol E, Yang Y, Wallner M, Feldsott EA, Kubo H, Berretta RM, Yu D, Rizzo V, Elrod J, Sabri A, Gorelik J, Chen X, Houser SR. Interaction of the Joining Region in Junctophilin-2 With the L-Type Ca 2+ Channel Is Pivotal for Cardiac Dyad Assembly and Intracellular Ca 2+ Dynamics. Circ Res 2021; 128:92-114. [PMID: 33092464 PMCID: PMC7790862 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) in normal hearts requires close approximation of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) within the transverse tubules (T-tubules) and RyR (ryanodine receptors) within the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. CICR is disrupted in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, which is associated with loss of T-tubules and disruption of cardiac dyads. In these conditions, LTCCs are redistributed from the T-tubules to disrupt CICR. The molecular mechanism responsible for LTCCs recruitment to and from the T-tubules is not well known. JPH (junctophilin) 2 enables close association between T-tubules and the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum to ensure efficient CICR. JPH2 has a so-called joining region that is located near domains that interact with T-tubular plasma membrane, where LTCCs are housed. The idea that this joining region directly interacts with LTCCs and contributes to LTCC recruitment to T-tubules is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine if the joining region in JPH2 recruits LTCCs to T-tubules through direct molecular interaction in cardiomyocytes to enable efficient CICR. METHODS AND RESULTS Modified abundance of JPH2 and redistribution of LTCC were studied in left ventricular hypertrophy in vivo and in cultured adult feline and rat ventricular myocytes. Protein-protein interaction studies showed that the joining region in JPH2 interacts with LTCC-α1C subunit and causes LTCCs distribution to the dyads, where they colocalize with RyRs. A JPH2 with induced mutations in the joining region (mutPG1JPH2) caused T-tubule remodeling and dyad loss, showing that an interaction between LTCC and JPH2 is crucial for T-tubule stabilization. mutPG1JPH2 caused asynchronous Ca2+-release with impaired excitation-contraction coupling after β-adrenergic stimulation. The disturbed Ca2+ regulation in mutPG1JPH2 overexpressing myocytes caused calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II activation and altered myocyte bioenergetics. CONCLUSIONS The interaction between LTCC and the joining region in JPH2 facilitates dyad assembly and maintains normal CICR in cardiomyocytes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism
- Cats
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Excitation Contraction Coupling
- Humans
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Kinetics
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/pathology
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Organelle Biogenesis
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Gross
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Jaslyn Johnson
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Carlos M. Romero
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Deborah M. Eaton
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Claire Poulet
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Jose Sanchez-Alonso
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Carla Lucarelli
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Jean Ross
- Bioimaging Center Research, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark
| | - Andrew A. Gibb
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Joanne F. Garbincius
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Jonathan Lambert
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Erdem Varol
- Columbia University, Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Department of Statistics, New York, NY
| | - Yijun Yang
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Markus Wallner
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, CBmed GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Eric A. Feldsott
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Hajime Kubo
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Remus M. Berretta
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Daohai Yu
- Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - John Elrod
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia
| | - Abdelkarim Sabri
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Julia Gorelik
- Imperial College London, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
| | - Steven R. Houser
- Lewis Katz Temple University School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Philadelphia
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29
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Poulet C, Sanchez-Alonso J, Swiatlowska P, Mouy F, Lucarelli C, Alvarez-Laviada A, Gross P, Terracciano C, Houser S, Gorelik J. Junctophilin-2 tethers T-tubules and recruits functional L-type calcium channels to lipid rafts in adult cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:149-161. [PMID: 32053184 PMCID: PMC7797210 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In cardiomyocytes, transverse tubules (T-tubules) associate with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), forming junctional membrane complexes (JMCs) where L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) are juxtaposed to Ryanodine receptors (RyR). Junctophilin-2 (JPH2) supports the assembly of JMCs by tethering T-tubules to the SR membrane. T-tubule remodelling in cardiac diseases is associated with downregulation of JPH2 expression suggesting that JPH2 plays a crucial role in T-tubule stability. Furthermore, increasing evidence indicate that JPH2 might additionally act as a modulator of calcium signalling by directly regulating RyR and LTCCs. This study aimed at determining whether JPH2 overexpression restores normal T-tubule structure and LTCC function in cultured cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS Rat ventricular myocytes kept in culture for 4 days showed extensive T-tubule remodelling with impaired JPH2 localization and relocation of the scaffolding protein Caveolin3 (Cav3) from the T-tubules to the outer membrane. Overexpression of JPH2 restored T-tubule structure and Cav3 relocation. Depletion of membrane cholesterol by chronic treatment with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) countered the stabilizing effect of JPH2 overexpression on T-tubules and Cav3. Super-resolution scanning patch-clamp showed that JPH2 overexpression greatly increased the number of functional LTCCs at the plasma membrane. Treatment with MβCD reduced LTCC open probability and activity. Proximity ligation assays showed that MβCD did not affect JPH2 interaction with RyR and the pore-forming LTCC subunit Cav1.2, but strongly impaired JPH2 association with Cav3 and the accessory LTCC subunit Cavβ2. CONCLUSIONS JPH2 promotes T-tubule structural stability and recruits functional LTCCs to the membrane, most likely by directly binding to the channel. Cholesterol is involved in the binding of JPH2 to T-tubules as well as in the modulation of LTCC activity. We propose a model where cholesterol and Cav3 support the assembly of lipid rafts which provide an anchor for JPH2 to form JMCs and a platform for signalling complexes to regulate LTCC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Poulet
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jose Sanchez-Alonso
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Pamela Swiatlowska
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Florence Mouy
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Carla Lucarelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Anita Alvarez-Laviada
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Polina Gross
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Cesare Terracciano
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Steven Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
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30
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Rubinstein J, Woo JG, Garcia AM, Alsaied T, Li J, Lunde PK, Moore RA, Laasmaa M, Sammons A, Mays WA, Miyamoto SD, Louch WE, Veldtman GR. Probenecid Improves Cardiac Function in Subjects with a Fontan Circulation and Augments Cardiomyocyte Calcium Homeostasis. Pediatr Cardiol 2020; 41:1675-1688. [PMID: 32770262 PMCID: PMC7704717 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-020-02427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Subjects with functionally univentricular circulation who have completed staged single ventricle palliation, with the final stage culminating in the Fontan procedure, are often living into adulthood. However, high morbidity and mortality remain prevalent in these patients, as diastolic and systolic dysfunction of the single systemic ventricle are linked to Fontan circulatory failure. We presently investigated the effects of probenecid in post-Fontan patients. Used for decades for the treatment of gout, probenecid has been shown in recent years to positively influence cardiac function via effects on the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channel in cardiomyocytes. Indeed, we observed that probenecid improved cardiac function and exercise performance in patients with a functionally univentricular circulation. This was consistent with our findings from a retrospective cohort of patients with single ventricle physiology where TRPV2 expression was increased. Experiments in isolated cardiomyocytes associated these positive actions to augmentation of diastolic calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health & Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| | - Jessica G Woo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anastacia M Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tarek Alsaied
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jia Li
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ryan A Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Martin Laasmaa
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amanda Sammons
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wayne A Mays
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shelley D Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gruschen R Veldtman
- Adult Congenital Heart Disease Service, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Piquereau J, Veksler V, Novotova M, Ventura-Clapier R. Energetic Interactions Between Subcellular Organelles in Striated Muscles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581045. [PMID: 33134298 PMCID: PMC7561670 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult striated muscle cells present highly organized structure with densely packed intracellular organelles and a very sparse cytosol accounting for only few percent of cell volume. These cells have a high and fluctuating energy demand that, in continuously working oxidative muscles, is fulfilled mainly by oxidative metabolism. ATP produced by mitochondria should be directed to the main energy consumers, ATPases of the excitation-contraction system; at the same time, ADP near ATPases should rapidly be eliminated. This is achieved by phosphotransfer kinases, the most important being creatine kinase (CK). Specific CK isoenzymes are located in mitochondria and in close proximity to ATPases, forming efficient energy shuttle between these structures. In addition to phosphotransfer kinases, ATP/ADP can be directly channeled between mitochondria co-localized with ATPases in a process called “direct adenine nucleotide channeling, DANC.” This process is highly plastic so that inactivation of the CK system increases the participation of DANC to energy supply owing to the rearrangement of cell structure. The machinery for DANC is built during postnatal development in parallel with the increase in mitochondrial mass, organization, and complexification of the cell structure. Disorganization of cell architecture remodels the mitochondrial network and decreases the efficacy of DANC, showing that this process is intimately linked to cardiomyocyte structure. Accordingly, in heart failure, disorganization of the cell structure along with decrease in mitochondrial mass reduces the efficacy of DANC and together with alteration of the CK shuttle participates in energetic deficiency contributing to contractile failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Piquereau
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Vladimir Veksler
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Marta Novotova
- Department of Cellular Cardiology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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32
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Jiang X, Zhu Y, Liu H, Chen S, Zhang D. Effect of BIN1 on cardiac dysfunction and malignant arrhythmias. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13429. [PMID: 31837094 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the end-stage syndrome for most cardiac diseases, and the 5-year morbidity and mortality of HF remain high. Malignant arrhythmia is the main cause of sudden death in the progression of HF. Recently, bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) was discovered as a regulator of transverse tubule function and calcium signalling in cardiomyocytes. BIN1 downregulation is linked to abnormal cardiac contraction, and it increases the possibility of malignant arrhythmias preceding HF. Because of the detectability of cardiac BIN1 in peripheral blood, BIN1 may serve as a predictor of HF and may be useful in therapy development. However, the mechanism of BIN1 downregulation in HF and how BIN1 regulates normal cardiac function under physiological conditions remain unclear. In this review, recent progress in the biological studies of BIN1-related cardiomyocytes and the effect of cardiac dysfunction and malignant arrhythmia will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Xin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Rong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Ming Liu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan P. R. China
| | - Shao‐Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Dai‐Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
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33
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Tazmini K, Frisk M, Lewalle A, Laasmaa M, Morotti S, Lipsett DB, Manfra O, Skogestad J, Aronsen JM, Sejersted OM, Sjaastad I, Edwards AG, Grandi E, Niederer SA, Øie E, Louch WE. Hypokalemia Promotes Arrhythmia by Distinct Mechanisms in Atrial and Ventricular Myocytes. Circ Res 2020; 126:889-906. [PMID: 32070187 PMCID: PMC7098435 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Hypokalemia occurs in up to 20% of hospitalized patients and is associated with increased incidence of ventricular and atrial fibrillation. It is unclear whether these differing types of arrhythmia result from direct and perhaps distinct effects of hypokalemia on cardiomyocytes. OBJECTIVE To investigate proarrhythmic mechanisms of hypokalemia in ventricular and atrial myocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiments were performed in isolated rat myocytes exposed to simulated hypokalemia conditions (reduction of extracellular [K+] from 5.0 to 2.7 mmol/L) and supported by mathematical modeling studies. Ventricular cells subjected to hypokalemia exhibited Ca2+ overload and increased generation of both spontaneous Ca2+ waves and delayed afterdepolarizations. However, similar Ca2+-dependent spontaneous activity during hypokalemia was only observed in a minority of atrial cells that were observed to contain t-tubules. This effect was attributed to close functional pairing of the Na+-K+ ATPase and Na+-Ca2+ exchanger proteins within these structures, as reduction in Na+ pump activity locally inhibited Ca2+ extrusion. Ventricular myocytes and tubulated atrial myocytes additionally exhibited early afterdepolarizations during hypokalemia, associated with Ca2+ overload. However, early afterdepolarizations also occurred in untubulated atrial cells, despite Ca2+ quiescence. These phase-3 early afterdepolarizations were rather linked to reactivation of nonequilibrium Na+ current, as they were rapidly blocked by tetrodotoxin. Na+ current-driven early afterdepolarizations in untubulated atrial cells were enabled by membrane hyperpolarization during hypokalemia and short action potential configurations. Brief action potentials were in turn maintained by ultra-rapid K+ current (IKur); a current which was found to be absent in tubulated atrial myocytes and ventricular myocytes. CONCLUSIONS Distinct mechanisms underlie hypokalemia-induced arrhythmia in the ventricle and atrium but also vary between atrial myocytes depending on subcellular structure and electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiarash Tazmini
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.T., E.Ø.)
| | - Michael Frisk
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (M.F., M.L., O.M., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandre Lewalle
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.L., S.A.N.)
| | - Martin Laasmaa
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (M.F., M.L., O.M., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefano Morotti
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis (S.M., A.G.E., E.G.)
| | - David B. Lipsett
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ornella Manfra
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (M.F., M.L., O.M., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas Skogestad
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan M. Aronsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
- Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.)
| | - Ole M. Sejersted
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (M.F., M.L., O.M., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew G. Edwards
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis (S.M., A.G.E., E.G.)
| | - Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis (S.M., A.G.E., E.G.)
| | - Steven A. Niederer
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.L., S.A.N.)
| | - Erik Øie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.T., E.Ø.)
| | - William E. Louch
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital (K.T., M.F., M.L., D.B.L., O.M., J.S., J.M.A., O.M.S., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (M.F., M.L., O.M., I.S., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
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34
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Shiferaw Y, Aistrup GL, Louch WE, Wasserstrom JA. Remodeling Promotes Proarrhythmic Disruption of Calcium Homeostasis in Failing Atrial Myocytes. Biophys J 2019; 118:476-491. [PMID: 31889516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that heart failure (HF) typically coexists with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, until now, no clear mechanism has been established that relates HF to AF. In this study, we apply a multiscale computational framework to establish a mechanistic link between atrial myocyte structural remodeling in HF and AF. Using a spatially distributed model of calcium (Ca) signaling, we show that disruption of the spatial relationship between L-type Ca channels (LCCs) and ryanodine receptors results in markedly increased Ca content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This increase in SR load is due to changes in the balance between Ca entry via LCCs and Ca extrusion due to the sodium-calcium exchanger after an altered spatial relationship between these signaling proteins. Next, we show that the increased SR load in atrial myocytes predisposes these cells to subcellular Ca waves that occur during the action potential (AP) and are triggered by LCC openings. These waves are common in atrial cells because of the absence of a well-developed t-tubule system in most of these cells. This distinct spatial architecture allows for the presence of a large pool of orphaned ryanodine receptors, which can fire and sustain Ca waves during the AP. Finally, we incorporate our atrial cell model in two-dimensional tissue simulations and demonstrate that triggered wave generation in cells leads to electrical waves in tissue that tend to fractionate to form wavelets of excitation. This fractionation is driven by the underlying stochasticity of subcellular Ca waves, which perturbs AP repolarization and consequently induces localized conduction block in tissue. We outline the mechanism for this effect and argue that it may explain the propensity for atrial arrhythmias in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Shiferaw
- Department of Physics, California State University, Northridge, California.
| | - Gary L Aistrup
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, New York
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J A Wasserstrom
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and The Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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35
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Chaudhry F, Isherwood J, Bawa T, Patel D, Gurdziel K, Lanfear DE, Ruden DM, Levy PD. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of the Cardiovascular System: New Looks for Old Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:173. [PMID: 31921894 PMCID: PMC6914766 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease encompasses a wide range of conditions, resulting in the highest number of deaths worldwide. The underlying pathologies surrounding cardiovascular disease include a vast and complicated network of both cellular and molecular mechanisms. Unique phenotypic alterations in specific cell types, visualized as varying RNA expression-levels (both coding and non-coding), have been identified as crucial factors in the pathology underlying conditions such as heart failure and atherosclerosis. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have elucidated a new realm of cell subpopulations and transcriptional variations that are associated with normal and pathological physiology in a wide variety of diseases. This breakthrough in the phenotypical understanding of our cells has brought novel insight into cardiovascular basic science. scRNA-seq allows for separation of widely distinct cell subpopulations which were, until recently, simply averaged together with bulk-tissue RNA-seq. scRNA-seq has been used to identify novel cell types in the heart and vasculature that could be implicated in a variety of disease pathologies. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has been able to identify significant heterogeneity of phenotypes within individual cell subtype populations. The ability to characterize single cells based on transcriptional phenotypes allows researchers the ability to map development of cells and identify changes in specific subpopulations due to diseases at a very high throughput. This review looks at recent scRNA-seq studies of various aspects of the cardiovascular system and discusses their potential value to our understanding of the cardiovascular system and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Chaudhry
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Jenna Isherwood
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Tejeshwar Bawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dhruvil Patel
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Katherine Gurdziel
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - David E Lanfear
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Douglas M Ruden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Phillip D Levy
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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36
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Glucocorticoids preserve the t-tubular system in ventricular cardiomyocytes by upregulation of autophagic flux. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:47. [PMID: 31673803 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A major contributor to contractile dysfunction in heart failure is remodelling and loss of the cardiomyocyte transverse tubular system (t-system), but underlying mechanisms and signalling pathways remain elusive. It has been shown that dexamethasone promotes t-tubule development in stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and that cardiomyocyte-specific glucocorticoid receptor (GR) knockout (GRKO) leads to heart failure. Here, we studied if the t-system is altered in GRKO hearts and if GR signalling is required for t-system preservation in adult cardiomyocytes. Confocal and 3D STED microscopy of myocardium from cardiomyocyte-specific GRKO mice revealed decreased t-system density and increased distances between ryanodine receptors (RyR) and L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC). Because t-system remodelling and heart failure are intertwined, we investigated the underlying mechanisms in vitro. Ventricular cardiomyocytes from failing human and healthy adult rat hearts cultured in the absence of glucocorticoids (CTRL) showed distinctively lower t-system density than cells treated with dexamethasone (EC50 1.1 nM) or corticosterone. The GR antagonist mifepristone abrogated the effect of dexamethasone. Dexamethasone improved RyR-LTCC coupling and synchrony of intracellular Ca2+ release, but did not alter expression levels of t-system-associated proteins junctophilin-2 (JPH2), bridging integrator-1 (BIN1) or caveolin-3 (CAV3). Rather, dexamethasone upregulated LC3B and increased autophagic flux. The broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine prevented dexamethasone-induced upregulation of autophagy and t-system preservation, and autophagy inhibitors bafilomycin A and chloroquine accelerated t-system loss. Conversely, induction of autophagy by rapamycin or amino acid starvation preserved the t-system. These findings suggest that GR signalling and autophagy are critically involved in t-system preservation and remodelling in the heart.
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37
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Frisk M, Lipsett DB, Louch WE. Reply from M. Frisk, D. B. Lipsett and W. E. Louch. J Physiol 2019; 597:2967-2968. [PMID: 31021407 DOI: 10.1113/jp278067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - D B Lipsett
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - W E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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38
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Crocini C, Ferrantini C, Coppini R, Pavone FS, Poggesi C, Cerbai E, Sacconi L. Letter to the Editor. J Physiol 2019; 597:2965-2966. [PMID: 30924149 DOI: 10.1113/jp278018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Crocini
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology & BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - C Ferrantini
- Division of Physiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, 50019, Italy
| | - R Coppini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department 'NeuroFarBa', University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - F S Pavone
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, 50019, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - C Poggesi
- Division of Physiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, 50019, Italy
| | - E Cerbai
- Division of Pharmacology, Department 'NeuroFarBa', University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - L Sacconi
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, 50019, Italy.,National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Florence, 50125, Italy
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