1
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Lindeboom RGH, Worlock KB, Dratva LM, Yoshida M, Scobie D, Wagstaffe HR, Richardson L, Wilbrey-Clark A, Barnes JL, Kretschmer L, Polanski K, Allen-Hyttinen J, Mehta P, Sumanaweera D, Boccacino JM, Sungnak W, Elmentaite R, Huang N, Mamanova L, Kapuge R, Bolt L, Prigmore E, Killingley B, Kalinova M, Mayer M, Boyers A, Mann A, Swadling L, Woodall MNJ, Ellis S, Smith CM, Teixeira VH, Janes SM, Chambers RC, Haniffa M, Catchpole A, Heyderman R, Noursadeghi M, Chain B, Mayer A, Meyer KB, Chiu C, Nikolić MZ, Teichmann SA. Human SARS-CoV-2 challenge uncovers local and systemic response dynamics. Nature 2024; 631:189-198. [PMID: 38898278 PMCID: PMC11222146 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing global health threat, yet our understanding of the dynamics of early cellular responses to this disease remains limited1. Here in our SARS-CoV-2 human challenge study, we used single-cell multi-omics profiling of nasopharyngeal swabs and blood to temporally resolve abortive, transient and sustained infections in seronegative individuals challenged with pre-Alpha SARS-CoV-2. Our analyses revealed rapid changes in cell-type proportions and dozens of highly dynamic cellular response states in epithelial and immune cells associated with specific time points and infection status. We observed that the interferon response in blood preceded the nasopharyngeal response. Moreover, nasopharyngeal immune infiltration occurred early in samples from individuals with only transient infection and later in samples from individuals with sustained infection. High expression of HLA-DQA2 before inoculation was associated with preventing sustained infection. Ciliated cells showed multiple immune responses and were most permissive for viral replication, whereas nasopharyngeal T cells and macrophages were infected non-productively. We resolved 54 T cell states, including acutely activated T cells that clonally expanded while carrying convergent SARS-CoV-2 motifs. Our new computational pipeline Cell2TCR identifies activated antigen-responding T cells based on a gene expression signature and clusters these into clonotype groups and motifs. Overall, our detailed time series data can serve as a Rosetta stone for epithelial and immune cell responses and reveals early dynamic responses associated with protection against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik G H Lindeboom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Kaylee B Worlock
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lisa M Dratva
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Scobie
- Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Helen R Wagstaffe
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laura Richardson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Josephine L Barnes
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Puja Mehta
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Waradon Sungnak
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, and Integrative Computational BioScience Center, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rasa Elmentaite
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Ensocell Therapeutics, BioData Innovation Centre, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Ni Huang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lira Mamanova
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rakesh Kapuge
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liam Bolt
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Prigmore
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ben Killingley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Leo Swadling
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Samuel Ellis
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Claire M Smith
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Vitor H Teixeira
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel C Chambers
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Robert Heyderman
- Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mahdad Noursadeghi
- Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Benny Chain
- Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andreas Mayer
- Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kerstin B Meyer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher Chiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marko Z Nikolić
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Woodall MNJ, Cujba AM, Worlock KB, Case KM, Masonou T, Yoshida M, Polanski K, Huang N, Lindeboom RGH, Mamanova L, Bolt L, Richardson L, Cakir B, Ellis S, Palor M, Burgoyne T, Pinto A, Moulding D, McHugh TD, Saleh A, Kilich E, Mehta P, O'Callaghan C, Zhou J, Barclay W, De Coppi P, Butler CR, Cortina-Borja M, Vinette H, Roy S, Breuer J, Chambers RC, Heywood WE, Mills K, Hynds RE, Teichmann SA, Meyer KB, Nikolić MZ, Smith CM. Age-specific nasal epithelial responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:1293-1311. [PMID: 38622380 PMCID: PMC11087271 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 rarely progress to respiratory failure. However, the risk of mortality in infected people over 85 years of age remains high. Here we investigate differences in the cellular landscape and function of paediatric (<12 years), adult (30-50 years) and older adult (>70 years) ex vivo cultured nasal epithelial cells in response to infection with SARS-CoV-2. We show that cell tropism of SARS-CoV-2, and expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in nasal epithelial cell subtypes, differ between age groups. While ciliated cells are viral replication centres across all age groups, a distinct goblet inflammatory subtype emerges in infected paediatric cultures and shows high expression of interferon-stimulated genes and incomplete viral replication. In contrast, older adult cultures infected with SARS-CoV-2 show a proportional increase in basaloid-like cells, which facilitate viral spread and are associated with altered epithelial repair pathways. We confirm age-specific induction of these cell types by integrating data from in vivo COVID-19 studies and validate that our in vitro model recapitulates early epithelial responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kaylee B Worlock
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tereza Masonou
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ni Huang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Liam Bolt
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Samuel Ellis
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Machaela Palor
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Thomas Burgoyne
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andreia Pinto
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Dale Moulding
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Timothy D McHugh
- UCL Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aarash Saleh
- Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eliz Kilich
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Puja Mehta
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wendy Barclay
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Colin R Butler
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Heloise Vinette
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Sunando Roy
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Judith Breuer
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Rachel C Chambers
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wendy E Heywood
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mills
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory/Dept Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Marko Z Nikolić
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Claire M Smith
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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3
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Ellis S, Way R, Nel M, Burleigh A, Doykov I, Kembou-Ringert J, Woodall M, Masonou T, Case KM, Ortez AT, McHugh TD, Casal A, McCoy LE, Murdan S, Hynds RE, Gilmour KC, Grandjean L, Cortina-Borja M, Heywood WE, Mills K, Smith CM. Salivary IgA and vimentin differentiate in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection: A study of 290 convalescent COVID-19 patients. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:124-136. [PMID: 38007005 PMCID: PMC11139657 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 initially infects cells in the nasopharynx and oral cavity. The immune system at these mucosal sites plays a crucial role in minimizing viral transmission and infection. To develop new strategies for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, this study aimed to identify proteins that protect against viral infection in saliva. We collected 551 saliva samples from 290 healthcare workers who had tested positive for COVID-19, before vaccination, between June and December 2020. The samples were categorized based on their ability to block or enhance infection using in vitro assays. Mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay experiments were used to identify and measure the abundance of proteins that specifically bind to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Immunoglobulin (Ig)A specific to SARS-CoV-2 antigens was detectable in over 83% of the convalescent saliva samples. We found that concentrations of anti-receptor-binding domain IgA >500 pg/µg total protein in saliva correlate with reduced viral infectivity in vitro. However, there is a dissociation between the salivary IgA response to SARS-CoV-2, and systemic IgG titers in convalescent COVID-19 patients. Then, using an innovative technique known as spike-baited mass spectrometry, we identified novel spike-binding proteins in saliva, most notably vimentin, which correlated with increased viral infectivity in vitro and could serve as a therapeutic target against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ellis
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Rosie Way
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Miranda Nel
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Alice Burleigh
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ivan Doykov
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tereza Masonou
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | | | - Timothy D McHugh
- UCL Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Antonio Casal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Laura E McCoy
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Robert E Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Kimberly C Gilmour
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Louis Grandjean
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Wendy E Heywood
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mills
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Claire M Smith
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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4
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Ren B, Chiaravalloti TR, Belony NL, Romero DI, Chai W, Leon C, Wu L, Lamango NS, Offringa IA, Huang Y. Design and Realization of Lung Organoid Cultures for COVID-19 Applications. Biodes Manuf 2023; 6:646-660. [PMID: 38993804 PMCID: PMC11238720 DOI: 10.1007/s42242-023-00255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been spreading globally and threatening public health. Advanced in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and functioning of specific tissues and organs are in high demand for COVID-19-related pathology studies and drug screening. Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cultures such as self-assembled and engineered organoid cultures surpass conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures and animal models with respect to the increased cellular complexity, better human-relevant environment, and reduced cost, thus presenting as promising platforms for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing new therapeutics. This review highlights the recent advances in self-assembled and engineered organoid technologies that are used for COVID-19 studies. The challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | | | - Nadine L Belony
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Diana I Romero
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Wenxuan Chai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Christopher Leon
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Surgery and of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Lizi Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Nazarius S Lamango
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307
| | - Ite A Offringa
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Surgery and of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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5
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Tommasini F, Benoist T, Shibuya S, Woodall MNJ, Naldi E, Palor M, Orr JC, Giobbe GG, Maughan EF, Saleh T, Gjinovci A, Hutchinson JC, Arthurs OJ, Janes SM, Elvassore N, Hynds RE, Smith CM, Michielin F, Pellegata AF, De Coppi P. Lung viral infection modelling in a bioengineered whole-organ. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122203. [PMID: 37515903 PMCID: PMC10281738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Lung infections are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and this situation has been exacerbated by the emergence of COVID-19. Pre-clinical modelling of viral infections has relied on cell cultures that lack 3D structure and the context of lung extracellular matrices. Here, we propose a bioreactor-based, whole-organ lung model of viral infection. The bioreactor takes advantage of an automated system to achieve efficient decellularization of a whole rat lung, and recellularization of the scaffold using primary human bronchial cells. Automatization allowed for the dynamic culture of airway epithelial cells in a breathing-mimicking setup that led to an even distribution of lung epithelial cells throughout the distal regions. In the sealed bioreactor system, we demonstrate proof-of-concept for viral infection within the epithelialized lung by infecting primary human airway epithelial cells and subsequently injecting neutrophils. Moreover, to assess the possibility of drug screening in this model, we demonstrate the efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral remdesivir. This whole-organ scale lung infection model represents a step towards modelling viral infection of human cells in a 3D context, providing a powerful tool to investigate the mechanisms of the early stages of pathogenic infections and the development of effective treatment strategies for respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Tommasini
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Benoist
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Soichi Shibuya
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maximillian N J Woodall
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eleonora Naldi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Machaela Palor
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica C Orr
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth F Maughan
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tarek Saleh
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Asllan Gjinovci
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Ciaran Hutchinson
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Owen J Arthurs
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Claire M Smith
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Federica Michielin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Alessandro Filippo Pellegata
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
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6
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Woodall M, Tarran R, Lee R, Anfishi H, Prins S, Counsell J, Vergani P, Hart S, Baines D. Expression of gain-of-function CFTR in cystic fibrosis airway cells restores epithelial function better than wild-type or codon-optimized CFTR. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 30:593-605. [PMID: 37701179 PMCID: PMC10494266 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Class Ia/b cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) variants cause severe lung disease in 10% of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and are untreatable with small-molecule pharmaceuticals. Genetic replacement of CFTR offers a cure, but its effectiveness is limited in vivo. We hypothesized that enhancing protein levels (using codon optimization) and/or activity (using gain-of-function variants) of CFTR would more effectively restore function to CF bronchial epithelial cells. Three different variants of the CFTR protein were tested: codon optimized (high codon adaptation index [hCAI]), a gain-of-function (GOF) variant (K978C), and a combination of both (hˆK978C). In human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells, initial results showed that hCAI and hˆK978C produced greater than 10-fold more CFTR protein and displayed ∼4-fold greater activity than wild-type (WT) CFTR. However, functionality was profoundly different in CF bronchial epithelial cells. Here, K978C CFTR more potently restored essential epithelial functions (anion transport, airway surface liquid height, and pH) than WT CFTR. hCAI and hˆK978C CFTRs had limited impact because of mislocalization in the cell. These data provide a proof of principle showing that GOF variants may be more effective than codon-optimized forms of CFTR for CF gene therapy. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximillian Woodall
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, Tooting, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Robert Tarran
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
| | - Rhianna Lee
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
| | - Hafssa Anfishi
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, Tooting, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Stella Prins
- Neuroscience, Physiology, & Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - John Counsell
- Genetics & Genomic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Paola Vergani
- Neuroscience, Physiology, & Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stephen Hart
- Genetics & Genomic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Deborah Baines
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, Tooting, London SW17 0RE, UK
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7
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Ding Y, Lv B, Zheng J, Lu C, Liu J, Lei Y, Yang M, Wang Y, Li Z, Yang Y, Gong W, Han J, Gao C. RBC-hitchhiking chitosan nanoparticles loading methylprednisolone for lung-targeting delivery. J Control Release 2021; 341:702-715. [PMID: 34933051 PMCID: PMC8684098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyper-inflammation associated with cytokine storm syndrome causes high mortality in patients with COVID-19. Glucocorticoids, such as methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS), effectively inhibit this inflammatory response. However, frequent and chronic administration of glucocorticoids at high doses leads to hormone dependence and serious side effects. The aim of the present study was to combine nanoparticles with erythrocytes for the targeted delivery of MPSS to the lungs. Chitosan nanoparticles loading MPSS (MPSS-CSNPs) were prepared and adsorbed on the surface of red blood cells (RBC-MPSS-CSNPs) by non-covalent interaction. In vivo pharmacokinetic study indicated that RBC-hitchhiking could significantly reduce the plasma concentration of the drug and prolong the circulation time. The mean residence time (MRT) and area under the curve (AUC) of the RBC-MPSS-CSNPs group were significantly higher than those of the MPSS-CSNPs group and the MPSS injection group. Moreover, in vivo imaging and tissue distribution indicated that RBC-hitchhiking facilitated the accumulation of nanoparticles loading fluorescein in the lung, preventing uptake of these nanoparticles by the liver. Furthermore, compared with the MPSS-CSNPs and MPSS treatment groups, treatment with RBC-MPSS-CSNPs considerably inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, and consequently attenuated lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. Therefore, RBC-hitchhiking is a potentially effective strategy for the delivery of nanoparticles to the lungs for the treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110017, China; State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bai Lv
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Jinpeng Zheng
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Caihong Lu
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jingzhou Liu
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yaran Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110017, China; State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Meiyan Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wei Gong
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Jing Han
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110017, China; State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
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