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Anwar S, Peng JL, Zahid KR, Zhou YM, Ali Q, Qiu CR. Cystic Fibrosis: Understanding Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator Mutation Classification and Modulator Therapies. Adv Respir Med 2024; 92:263-277. [PMID: 39051188 PMCID: PMC11270331 DOI: 10.3390/arm92040026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A common life-threatening hereditary disease, Cystic Fibrosis (CF), affects primarily Caucasian infants. High sweat-salt levels are observed as a result of a single autosomal mutation in chromosome 7 that affects the critical function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR). For establishing tailored treatment strategies, it is important to understand the broad range of CFTR mutations and their impacts on disease pathophysiology. This study thoroughly investigates the six main classes of classification of CFTR mutations based on their functional effects. Each class is distinguished by distinct molecular flaws, such as poor protein synthesis, misfolding, gating defects, conduction defects, and decreased CFTR expression at the apical membrane. Furthermore, this paper focuses on the emerging field of CFTR modulators, which intend to restore CFTR function or mitigate its consequences. These modulators, which are characterized by the mode of action and targeted mutation class, have the potential to provide personalized therapy regimens in CF patients. This review provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of CF pathology, and highlights the potential for precision medicine methods in CF therapy by thoroughly investigating CFTR mutation classification and related modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Anwar
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore 53700, Pakistan;
| | - Jin-Liang Peng
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (J.-L.P.); (Y.-M.Z.)
| | - Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianaapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Yu-Ming Zhou
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (J.-L.P.); (Y.-M.Z.)
| | - Qurban Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Chong-Rong Qiu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (J.-L.P.); (Y.-M.Z.)
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Amoakon JP, Mylavarapu G, Amin RS, Naren AP. Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunctions in Cystic Fibrosis. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:0. [PMID: 38501963 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00024.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by a deleterious mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Given that the CFTR protein is a chloride channel expressed on a variety of cells throughout the human body, mutations in this gene impact several organs, particularly the lungs. For this very reason, research regarding CF disease and CFTR function has historically focused on the lung airway epithelium. Nevertheless, it was discovered more than two decades ago that CFTR is also expressed and functional on endothelial cells. Despite the great strides that have been made in understanding the role of CFTR in the airway epithelium, the role of CFTR in the endothelium remains unclear. Considering that the airway epithelium and endothelium work in tandem to allow gas exchange, it becomes very crucial to understand how a defective CFTR protein can impact the pulmonary vasculature and overall lung function. Fortunately, more recent research has been dedicated to elucidating the role of CFTR in the endothelium. As a result, several vascular dysfunctions associated with CF disease have come to light. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on pulmonary vascular dysfunctions in CF and discuss applicable therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Amoakon
- Department of Systems Biology and Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Goutham Mylavarapu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Raouf S Amin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Anjaparavanda P Naren
- Department of Systems Biology and Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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Stastna N, Hrabovska L, Homolka P, Homola L, Svoboda M, Brat K, Fila L. The long-term effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot observational study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:260. [PMID: 38807122 PMCID: PMC11134686 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is a crucial demand on cystic fibrosis treatment management. The highest value of oxygen uptake (VO2peak) is an appropriate tool to evaluate the physical activity in these patients. However, there are several other valuable CPET parameters describing exercise tolerance (Wpeak, VO2VT1, VO2VT2, VO2/HRpeak, etc.), and helping to better understand the effect of specific treatment (VE, VT, VD/VT etc.). Limited data showed ambiguous results of this improvement after CFTR modulator treatment. Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor medication improves pulmonary function and quality of life, whereas its effect on CPET has yet to be sufficiently demonstrated. METHODS We performed a single group prospective observational study of 10 adolescent patients with cystic fibrosis who completed two CPET measurements between January 2019 and February 2023. During this period, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor treatment was initiated in all of them. The first CPET at the baseline was followed by controlled CPET at least one year after medication commencement. We focused on interpreting the data on their influence by the novel therapy. We hypothesized improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness following treatment. We applied the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The data were adjusted for age at the time of CPET to eliminate bias of aging in adolescent patients. RESULTS We observed significant improvement in peak workload, VO2 peak, VO2VT1, VO2VT2, VE/VCO2 slope, VE, VT, RQ, VO2/HR peak and RR peak. The mean change in VO2 peak was 5.7 mL/kg/min, or 15.9% of the reference value (SD ± 16.6; p= 0.014). VO2VT1 improved by 15% of the reference value (SD ± 0.1; p= 0.014), VO2VT2 improved by 0.5 (SD ± 0.4; p= 0.01). There were no differences in other parameters. CONCLUSION Exercise tolerance improved after elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor treatment initiation. We suggest that the CFTR modulator alone is not enough for recovering physical decondition, but should be supplemented with physical activity and respiratory physiotherapy. Further studies are needed to examine the effect of CFTR modulators and physical therapy on cardiopulmonary exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nela Stastna
- Department of Pulmonology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Hrabovska
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Homolka
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Homola
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Svoboda
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses Ltd. and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristian Brat
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Fila
- Department of Pulmonology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Kramer EL, Hudock KM, Davidson CR, Clancy JP. CFTR dysfunction in smooth muscle drives TGFβ dependent airway hyperreactivity. Respir Res 2023; 24:198. [PMID: 37568151 PMCID: PMC10416378 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary underlying defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) is disrupted ion transport in epithelia throughout the body. It is unclear if symptoms such as airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) volume in people with CF are due to inherent abnormalities in smooth muscle or are secondary to epithelial dysfunction. Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGFβ) is an established genetic modifier of CF lung disease and a known driver of abnormal ASM function. Prior studies have demonstrated that CF mice develop greater AHR, goblet cell hyperplasia, and ASM hypertrophy after pulmonary TGFβ exposure. However, the mechanism driving these abnormalities in CF lung disease, specifically the contribution of CFTR loss in ASM, was unknown. METHODS In this study, mice with smooth muscle-specific loss of CFTR function (Cftrfl/fl; SM-Cre mice) were exposed to pulmonary TGFβ. The impact on lung pathology and physiology was investigated through examination of lung mechanics, Western blot analysis, and pulmonary histology. RESULTS Cftrfl/fl; SM-Cre mice treated with TGFβ demonstrated greater methacholine-induced AHR than control mice. However, Cftrfl/fl; SM-Cre mice did not develop increased inflammation, ASM area, or goblet cell hyperplasia relative to controls following TGFβ exposure. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate a direct smooth muscle contribution to CF airway obstruction mediated by TGFβ. Dysfunction in non-epithelial tissues should be considered in the development of CF therapeutics, including potential genetic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Kristin M Hudock
- Division of Adult Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cynthia R Davidson
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Wang G. Genome Editing for Cystic Fibrosis. Cells 2023; 12:1555. [PMID: 37371025 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane-conductance Regulator gene (CFTR). Remarkable progress in basic research has led to the discovery of highly effective CFTR modulators. Now ~90% of CF patients are treatable. However, these modulator therapies are not curative and do not cover the full spectrum of CFTR mutations. Thus, there is a continued need to develop a complete and durable therapy that can treat all CF patients once and for all. As CF is a genetic disease, the ultimate therapy would be in-situ repair of the genetic lesions in the genome. Within the past few years, new technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas gene editing, have emerged as an appealing platform to revise the genome, ushering in a new era of genetic therapy. This review provided an update on this rapidly evolving field and the status of adapting the technology for CF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Campos NE, Vendrusculo FM, Pérez-Ruiz M, Donadio MVF. Ventilatory Threshold and Risk of Pulmonary Exacerbations in Cystic Fibrosis. Respir Care 2023; 68:620-627. [PMID: 37015814 PMCID: PMC10171343 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whereas pulmonary exacerbations and aerobic fitness play a key role in the prognosis of cystic fibrosis (CF), the use of ventilatory threshold data as markers of exacerbation risk has been scarcely addressed. This study sought to examine the association between aerobic fitness, assessed through ventilatory threshold variables recorded during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and the risk of exacerbations in individuals with CF. METHODS Participants of this retrospective cohort study were subjects from 6 y of age. Over a 4-y period, the following data were recorded: lung function indicators, CPET variables, time to first exacerbation and antibiotic use, along with demographic, clinical, and anthropometric data. RESULTS The mean age of 20 subjects included was 16 ± 5.4 y. Univariate regression analysis revealed that lung function (FEV1: Cox hazard ratio [HR] 0.97, P = .03; and forced expiratory flow between 25-75% of vital capacity [FEF25-75]: Cox HR 0.98, P = .036) and aerobic fitness (oxygen consumption [V̇O2 ] at ventilatory threshold: Cox HR 0.94, P = .01; and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide [V̇E/V̇CO2 ] at ventilatory threshold: Cox HR 1.13, P = .049) were associated with exacerbation risk, whereas in the multivariate model, only V̇O2 at the ventilatory threshold (%max) (Cox HR 0.92, P = .01) had a significant impact on this risk. Consistently, individuals experiencing exacerbation had significantly lower V̇O2 values (%max) at the ventilatory threshold (P = .050) and higher ventilatory equivalent for oxygen consumption (V̇E/V̇O2 ) (P = .040) and V̇E/V̇O2 (P = .037) values at the ventilatory threshold. Time to exacerbation was significantly correlated with V̇O2 at the ventilatory threshold (r = 0.50, P = .02), V̇E/V̇O2 (r = -0.48, P = .02), and V̇E/V̇CO2 (r = -0.50, P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an association between CPET variables at the ventilatory threshold and exacerbations. Percentage V̇O2 at the ventilatory threshold could serve as a complementary variable to monitor exacerbations in people with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália E Campos
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Vendrusculo
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Margarita Pérez-Ruiz
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Márcio V F Donadio
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; and Department of Physiotherapy, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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Sudi S, Thomas FM, Daud SK, Ag Daud DM, Sunggip C. The Pleiotropic Role of Extracellular ATP in Myocardial Remodelling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052102. [PMID: 36903347 PMCID: PMC10004151 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodelling is a molecular, cellular, and interstitial adaptation of the heart in response to altered environmental demands. The heart undergoes reversible physiological remodelling in response to changes in mechanical loading or irreversible pathological remodelling induced by neurohumoral factors and chronic stress, leading to heart failure. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is one of the potent mediators in cardiovascular signalling that act on the ligand-gated (P2X) and G-protein-coupled (P2Y) purinoceptors via the autocrine or paracrine manners. These activations mediate numerous intracellular communications by modulating the production of other messengers, including calcium, growth factors, cytokines, and nitric oxide. ATP is known to play a pleiotropic role in cardiovascular pathophysiology, making it a reliable biomarker for cardiac protection. This review outlines the sources of ATP released under physiological and pathological stress and its cell-specific mechanism of action. We further highlight a series of cardiovascular cell-to-cell communications of extracellular ATP signalling cascades in cardiac remodelling, which can be seen in hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, fibrosis, hypertrophy, and atrophy. Finally, we summarize current pharmacological intervention using the ATP network as a target for cardiac protection. A better understanding of ATP communication in myocardial remodelling could be worthwhile for future drug development and repurposing and the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaini Sudi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fiona Macniesia Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siti Kadzirah Daud
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Dayang Maryama Ag Daud
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Health through Exercise and Active Living (HEAL) Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Caroline Sunggip
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Causer AJ, Shute JK, Cummings MH, Shepherd AI, Wallbanks SR, Pulsford RM, Bright V, Connett G, Saynor ZL. Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor improves exercise capacity in adolescents with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2652-2658. [PMID: 35851858 PMCID: PMC9795914 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor is a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator with the potential to improve exercise capacity. This case series of three adolescents with CF aimed to investigate whether 6 weeks treatment with Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor could improve exercise capacity in CFTR modulator naive adolescents with CF. METHODS Three adolescents (14.0 ± 1.4 years) with CF (FEV1 % predicted: 62.5 ± 17.1; F508del/F508del genotype) completed an exhaustive maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer to determine peak oxygen uptake ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:mover><mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mo>̇</mml:mo></mml:mover> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$\dot{{\rm{V}}}$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> O2peak ) and measure changes in gas exchange and ventilation during exercise at 6 weeks. We also analyzed wrist-worn device-based physical activity (PA) data in two of the three cases. Validated acceleration thresholds were used to quantify time spent in each PA intensity category. RESULTS Clinically meaningful improvements in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:mover><mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mo>̇</mml:mo></mml:mover> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$\dot{{\rm{V}}}$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> O2peak were observed in all three cases (+17.6%, +52.4%, and +32.9%, respectively), with improvements greatest in those with more severe lung disease and lower fitness at baseline. Although lung function increased in all cases, inconsistent changes in markers of ventilatory and peripheral muscle efficiency likely suggest different mechanisms of improvement in this case group of adolescents with CF. Device-based analysis of PA was variable, with one case increasing and one case decreasing. CONCLUSION In this case series, we have observed, for the first time, improvements in exercise capacity following 6 weeks of treatment with Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor. Improvements were greatest in the presence of more severe CF lung disease and lower aerobic fitness at baseline. The mechanism(s) responsible for these changes warrant further investigation in larger trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Causer
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.,Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Janis K Shute
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Michael H Cummings
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Anthony I Shepherd
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Samuel R Wallbanks
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Richard M Pulsford
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Victoria Bright
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Gary Connett
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,National Institute for Health Research, Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton Children's Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Zoe L Saynor
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.,Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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10
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Lu LY, Pan N, Huang ZH, Wang JS, Tang YB, Sun HS, Han H, Yang HY, Zhu JZ, Guan YY, Zhang B, Li DZ, Wang GL. CFTR Suppresses Neointimal Formation Through Attenuating Proliferation and Migration of Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:914-924. [PMID: 35266910 PMCID: PMC9162269 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) plays important roles in arterial functions and the fate of cells. To further understand its function in vascular remodeling, we examined whether CFTR directly regulates platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and migration, as well as the balloon injury-induced neointimal formation. The CFTR adenoviral gene delivery was used to evaluate the effects of CFTR on neointimal formation in a rat model of carotid artery balloon injury. The roles of CFTR in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMC proliferation and migration were detected by mitochondrial tetrazolium assay, wound healing assay, transwell chamber method, western blot, and qPCR. We found that CFTR expression was declined in injured rat carotid arteries, while adenoviral overexpression of CFTR in vivo attenuated neointimal formation in carotid arteries. CFTR overexpression inhibited PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation and migration, whereas CFTR silencing caused the opposite results. Mechanistically, CFTR suppressed the phosphorylation of PDGF receptor β, serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1, JNK, p38 and ERK induced by PDGF-BB, and the increased mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and MMP2 induced by PDGF-BB. In conclusion, our results indicated that CFTR may attenuate neointimal formation by suppressing PDGF-BB-induced activation of serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 and the JNK/p38/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Yi Lu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Pan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Han Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Song Wang
- Vascular surgery department, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Yong-Bo Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Departments of Surgery, Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Zhen Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Yuan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guan-Lei Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Gusev E, Liang F, Bhattarai S, Broering FE, Leduc-Gaudet JP, Hussain SNA, Radzioch D, Petrof B. Characterization of skeletal muscle wasting pathways in diaphragm and limb muscles of cystic fibrosis mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 322:R551-R561. [PMID: 35411814 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00225.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients often suffer from skeletal muscle atrophy, most often attributed to physical inactivity and nutritional factors. CF is also characterized by abnormally elevated systemic inflammation. However, it is unknown whether the lack of a functional CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene predisposes to exaggerated inflammation-induced muscle proteolysis. METHODS CF mice (CFTR-/-) and their wild-type (WT=CFTR+/+) littermate controls were systemically injected with Pseudomonas-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After 24 hours, the diaphragm and limb muscles (fast-twitch tibialis anterior, slow-twitch soleus) were assessed for induction of inflammatory cytokines (TNFa, IL1b, IL6), oxidative stress, canonical muscle proteolysis pathways (Calpain, Ubiquitin-Proteasome, Autophagy), muscle fiber histology, and diaphragm contractile function. RESULTS At baseline, CF and WT muscles did not differ with respect to indices of inflammation, proteolysis, or contractile function. After LPS exposure, there was significantly greater induction of all proteolysis pathways (Calpain activity; Ubiquitin-Proteasome: MuRF1 and Atrogin1; Autophagy: LC3B, Gabarapl-1, BNIP3) in CF mice for the diaphragm and tibialis anterior, but not the soleus. Proteolysis pathway upregulation and correlations with inflammatory cytokine induction were most prominent in the tibialis anterior. Diaphragm force normalized to muscle cross-sectional area was reduced by LPS to an equivalent degree in CF and WT mice. CONCLUSIONS CF skeletal muscles containing a high proportion of fast-twitch fibers (diaphragm, tibialis anterior) exhibit abnormally exaggerated upregulation of multiple muscle wasting pathways after exposure to an acute inflammatory stimulus, but not under basal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Gusev
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Feng Liang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Salyan Bhattarai
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Felipe E Broering
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Phillipe Leduc-Gaudet
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sabah N A Hussain
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danuta Radzioch
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Basil Petrof
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Center and Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Cystic fibrosis-related liver disease: Clinical presentations, diagnostic and monitoring approaches in the era of CFTR modulator therapies. J Hepatol 2022; 76:420-434. [PMID: 34678405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease in the Caucasian population. Cystic fibrosis-related liver disease (CFLD) is defined as the pathogenesis related to the underlying CFTR defect in biliary epithelial cells. CFLD needs to be distinguished from other liver manifestations that may not have any pathological significance. The clinical/histological presentation and severity of CFLD vary. The main histological presentation of CFLD is focal biliary fibrosis, which is usually asymptomatic. Portal hypertension develops in a minority of cases (about 10%) and may require specific management including liver transplantation for end-stage liver disease. Portal hypertension is usually the result of the progression of focal biliary fibrosis to multilobular cirrhosis during childhood. Nevertheless, non-cirrhotic portal hypertension as a result of porto-sinusoidal vascular disease is now identified increasingly more frequently, mainly in young adults. To evaluate the effect of new CFTR modulator therapies on the liver, the spectrum of hepatobiliary involvement must first be precisely classified. This paper discusses the phenotypic features of CFLD, its underlying physiopathology and relevant diagnostic and follow-up approaches, with a special focus on imaging.
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13
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Caterini JE, Ratjen F, Barker AR, Williams CA, Rendall K, Schneiderman JE, Wells GD. Exercise intolerance in cystic fibrosis-the role of CFTR modulator therapies. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 21:282-292. [PMID: 34955387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exercise intolerance is common in people with CF (pwCF), but not universal among all individuals. While associated with disease prognosis, exercise intolerance is not simply a reflection of the degree of lung disease. In people with severe CF, respiratory limitations may contribute more significantly to impaired exercise capacity than in those with mild-moderate CF. At all levels of disease severity, there are peripheral factors e.g., abnormal macro- and micro-vascular function that impair blood flow and reduce oxygen extraction, and mitochondrial defects that diminish metabolic efficiency. We discuss advances in understanding the central and peripheral mechanisms underlying exercise intolerance in pwCF. Exploring both the central and peripheral factors that contribute to exercise intolerance in CF can help inform the development of new therapeutic targets, as well as help define prognostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Caterini
- Translational Medicine Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Queen's Medical School, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Felix Ratjen
- Translational Medicine Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Alan R Barker
- Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Craig A Williams
- Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Kate Rendall
- Translational Medicine Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jane E Schneiderman
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Greg D Wells
- Translational Medicine Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
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14
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Antigny F, Le Ribeuz H, Humbert M, Montani D. Comment on: Transcriptomic analysis of CFTR-impaired endothelial cells reveals a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:58/2/2101365. [PMID: 34413125 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01365-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Antigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France .,INSERM UMR_S 999 "Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Hélène Le Ribeuz
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 "Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 "Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - David Montani
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 "Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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15
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Cystic Fibrosis Human Organs-on-a-Chip. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12070747. [PMID: 34202364 PMCID: PMC8305167 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene: the gene product responsible for transporting chloride and bicarbonate ions through the apical membrane of most epithelial cells. Major clinical features of CF include respiratory failure, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and intestinal disease. Many CF animal models have been generated, but some models fail to fully capture the phenotypic manifestations of human CF disease. Other models that better capture the key characteristics of the human CF phenotype are cost prohibitive or require special care to maintain. Important differences have been reported between the pathophysiology seen in human CF patients and in animal models. These limitations present significant limitations to translational research. This review outlines the study of CF using patient-derived organs-on-a-chip to overcome some of these limitations. Recently developed microfluidic-based organs-on-a-chip provide a human experimental model that allows researchers to manipulate environmental factors and mimic in vivo conditions. These chips may be scaled to support pharmaceutical studies and may also be used to study organ systems and human disease. The use of these chips in CF discovery science enables researchers to avoid the barriers inherent in animal models and promote the advancement of personalized medicine.
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16
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Le Ribeuz H, To L, Ghigna MR, Martin C, Nagaraj C, Dreano E, Rucker-Martin C, Girerd B, Bouliguan J, Pechoux C, Lambert M, Boet A, Issard J, Mercier O, Hoetzenecker K, Manoury B, Becq F, Burgel PR, Cottart CH, Olschewski A, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Perros F, Humbert M, Montani D, Antigny F. Involvement of CFTR in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.00653-2020. [PMID: 33926975 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00653-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A reduction in pulmonary artery (PA) relaxation is a key event in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) pathogenesis. CFTR dysfunction in airway epithelial cells plays a central role in cystic fibrosis (CF); CFTR is also expressed in PAs and has been shown to control endothelium-independent relaxation. AIM AND OBJECTIVES We aimed to delineate the role of CFTR in PAH pathogenesis through observational and interventional experiments in human tissues and animal models. METHODS AND RESULTS RT-Q-PCR, confocal imaging and electron microscopy showed that CFTR expression was reduced in PAs from patients with idiopathic PAH (iPAH) and in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). Moreover, using myograph on human, pig and rat PAs, we demonstrated that CFTR activation induces PAs relaxation. CFTR-mediated PA relaxation was reduced in PAs from iPAH patients and rats with monocrotaline- or chronic hypoxia-induced PH. Long-term in vivo CFTR inhibition in rats significantly increased right ventricular systolic pressure, which was related to exaggerated pulmonary vascular cell proliferation in situ and vessel neomuscularization. Pathologic assessment of lungs from patients with severe CF (F508del-CFTR) revealed severe PA remodeling with intimal fibrosis and medial hypertrophy. Lungs from homozygous F508delCftr rats exhibited pulmonary vessel neomuscularization. The elevations in right ventricular systolic pressure and end diastolic pressure in monocrotaline-exposed rats with chronic CFTR inhibition were more prominent than those in vehicle-exposed rats. CONCLUSIONS CFTR expression is strongly decreased in PA smooth muscle and endothelial cells in human and animal models of PH. CFTR inhibition increases vascular cell proliferation and strongly reduces PA relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Le Ribeuz
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lucie To
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Maria-Rosa Ghigna
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Clémence Martin
- Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladie Rare Mucoviscidose, ERN-Lung, Cochin Hospital, , Paris, France.,Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Elise Dreano
- Inserm U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253 - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Centre Maladie Rare Mucoviscidose, ERN Lung, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Rucker-Martin
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Barbara Girerd
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jérôme Bouliguan
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR-1185, Université Paris Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Christine Pechoux
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mélanie Lambert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Angèle Boet
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Justin Issard
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Boris Manoury
- Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire - UMR_S 1180, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Frédéric Becq
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre-Régis Burgel
- Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladie Rare Mucoviscidose, ERN-Lung, Cochin Hospital, , Paris, France.,Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Henry Cottart
- Inserm U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253 - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Centre Maladie Rare Mucoviscidose, ERN Lung, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- Inserm U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253 - Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Centre Maladie Rare Mucoviscidose, ERN Lung, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Perros
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - David Montani
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France .,INSERM UMR_S 999 " Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique ", Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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17
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Zhang YP, Ye LL, Yuan H, Duan DD. CFTR plays an important role in the regulation of vascular resistance and high-fructose/salt-diet induced hypertension in mice. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 20:516-524. [PMID: 33279469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiological roles of cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl- channels in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) remain controversial. Here we studied the function of CFTR Cl- channels in regulation of BP and in the high-fructose-salt-diet (HFSD) induced hypertension in mice. METHODS The systolic, diastolic and mean BP (SBP, DBP and MBP, respectively) were continuously monitored from unrestricted conscious wild-type (cftr+/+) FVB and CFTR-knockout (cftr-/-) mice (8-week old, male). HFSD (64.7% fructose, 2% NaCl water) or control normal starch diet (CNSD, 58.9% corn starch, 0 NaCl water) was given for 8 weeks and vascular Doppler were performed. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to examine mRNA and protein expression, respectively. RESULTS The aortic stiffness, daytime and nighttime SBP, DBP, and MBP of the cftr-/- mice were significantly higher than those in the age- and gender-matched cftr+/+ mice, which is consistent with the findings of increased vascular resistance in cystic fibrosis patients. The aortic stiffness, daytime and nighttime SBP, DBP, and MBP of cftr+/+ mice fed with HFSD were all significantly higher than those fed with CNSD. Importantly, HFSD caused a significant decrease in mRNA and protein expression of WINK1, WINK4 and CFTR in aorta and mesenteric arteries, but not in the kidney, corroborating that HSFD-induced downregulation of WINKs and loss of CFTR function specifically in the arteries may mediate the increased BP. CONCLUSIONS CFTR regulates peripheral arterial resistance and BP in vivo. HFSD-induced CFTR downregulation specifically in the arteries may be a novel mechanism for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Zhang
- The Heart Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lingyu Linda Ye
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, the Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Dayue Darrel Duan
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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18
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The role of endothelial cells in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2019; 18:752-761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Roesch EA, Drumm ML. Powerful tools for genetic modification: Advances in gene editing. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017; 52:S15-S20. [PMID: 28960896 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent discoveries and technical advances in genetic engineering, methods called gene or genome editing, provide hope for repairing genes that cause diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF) or otherwise altering a gene for therapeutic benefit. There are both hopes and hurdles with these technologies, with new ideas emerging almost daily. Initial studies using intestinal organoid cultures carrying the common, F508del mutation have shown that gene editing by CRISPR/Cas9 can convert cells lacking CFTR function to cells with normal channel function, providing a precedent that this technology can be harnessed for CF. While this is an important precedent, the challenges that remain are not trivial. A logistical issue for this and many other genetic diseases is genetic heterogeneity. Approximately, 2000 mutations associated with CF have been found in CFTR, the gene responsible for CF, and thus a feasible strategy that would encompass all individuals affected by the disease is particularly difficult to envision. However, single strategies that would be applicable to all subjects affected by CF have been conceived and are being investigated. With all of these approaches, efficiency (the proportion of cells edited), accuracy (how often other sites in the genome are affected), and delivery of the gene editing components to the desired cells are perhaps the most significant, impending hurdles. Our understanding of each of these areas is increasing rapidly, and while it is impossible to predict when a successful strategy will reach the clinic, there is every reason to believe it is a question of "when" and not "if."
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Roesch
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mitchell L Drumm
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Children's Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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20
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Cook DP, Adam RJ, Zarei K, Deonovic B, Stroik MR, Gansemer ND, Meyerholz DK, Au KF, Stoltz DA. CF airway smooth muscle transcriptome reveals a role for PYK2. JCI Insight 2017; 2:95332. [PMID: 28878137 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.95332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal airway smooth muscle function can contribute to cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease. We previously found that airway smooth muscle from newborn CF pigs had increased basal tone, an increased bronchodilator response, and abnormal calcium handling. Since CF pigs lack airway infection and inflammation at birth, these findings suggest intrinsic airway smooth muscle dysfunction in CF. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CFTR loss in airway smooth muscle would produce a distinct set of changes in the airway smooth muscle transcriptome that we could use to develop novel therapeutic targets. Total RNA sequencing of newborn wild-type and CF airway smooth muscle revealed changes in muscle contraction-related genes, ontologies, and pathways. Using connectivity mapping, we identified several small molecules that elicit transcriptional signatures opposite of CF airway smooth muscle, including NVP-TAE684, an inhibitor of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2). In CF airway smooth muscle tissue, PYK2 phosphorylation was increased and PYK2 inhibition decreased smooth muscle contraction. In vivo NVP-TAE684 treatment of wild-type mice reduced methacholine-induced airway smooth muscle contraction. These findings suggest that studies in the newborn CF pig may provide an important approach to enhance our understanding of airway smooth muscle biology and for discovery of novel airway smooth muscle therapeutics for CF and other diseases of airway hyperreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cook
- Department of Internal Medicine.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and
| | - Ryan J Adam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Keyan Zarei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Benjamin Deonovic
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | | | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kin Fai Au
- Department of Internal Medicine.,Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - David A Stoltz
- Department of Internal Medicine.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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21
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Kim SK, Massett MP. Genetic Regulation of Endothelial Vasomotor Function. Front Physiol 2016; 7:571. [PMID: 27932996 PMCID: PMC5122706 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium plays an important role in the regulation of vasomotor tone and the maintenance of vascular integrity. Endothelial dysfunction, i.e., impaired endothelial dependent dilation, is a fundamental component of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Although endothelial dysfunction is associated with a number of cardiovascular disease risk factors, those risk factors are not the only determinants of endothelial dysfunction. Despite knowing many molecules involved in endothelial signaling pathways, the genetic contribution to endothelial function has yet to be fully elucidated. This mini-review summarizes current evidence supporting the genetic contribution to endothelial vasomotor function. Findings from population-based studies, association studies for candidate genes, and unbiased large genomic scale studies in humans and rodent models are discussed. A brief synopsis of the current studies addressing the genetic regulation of endothelial responses to exercise training is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Kyum Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Molecular Cardiology Research InstituteBoston, MA, USA
| | - Michael P. Massett
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, USA
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22
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Aliyeu TM, Berdnikova DV, Fedorova OA, Gulakova EN, Stremmel C, Ihmels H. Regiospecific Photocyclization of Mono- and Bis-Styryl-Substituted N-Heterocycles: A Synthesis of DNA-Binding Benzo[c]quinolizinium Derivatives. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9075-9085. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tseimur M. Aliyeu
- A.
N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department
Chemie-Biologie, Organische Chemie II, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str.
2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Daria V. Berdnikova
- A.
N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department
Chemie-Biologie, Organische Chemie II, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str.
2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Olga A. Fedorova
- A.
N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena N. Gulakova
- A.
N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Christopher Stremmel
- Department
Chemie-Biologie, Organische Chemie II, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str.
2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Heiko Ihmels
- Department
Chemie-Biologie, Organische Chemie II, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str.
2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
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23
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Boedtkjer E, Matchkov VV, Boedtkjer DMB, Aalkjaer C. Negative News: Cl− and HCO3− in the Vascular Wall. Physiology (Bethesda) 2016; 31:370-83. [DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00001.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cl− and HCO3− are the most prevalent membrane-permeable anions in the intra- and extracellular spaces of the vascular wall. Outwardly directed electrochemical gradients for Cl− and HCO3− permit anion channel opening to depolarize vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Transporters and channels for Cl− and HCO3− also modify vascular contractility and structure independently of membrane potential. Transport of HCO3− regulates intracellular pH and thereby modifies the activity of enzymes, ion channels, and receptors. There is also evidence that Cl− and HCO3− transport proteins affect gene expression and protein trafficking. Considering the extensive implications of Cl− and HCO3− in the vascular wall, it is critical to understand how these ions are transported under physiological conditions and how disturbances in their transport can contribute to disease development. Recently, sensing mechanisms for Cl− and HCO3− have been identified in the vascular wall where they modify ion transport and vasomotor function, for instance, during metabolic disturbances. This review discusses current evidence that transport (e.g., via NKCC1, NBCn1, Ca2+-activated Cl− channels, volume-regulated anion channels, and CFTR) and sensing (e.g., via WNK and RPTPγ) of Cl− and HCO3− influence cardiovascular health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donna M. B. Boedtkjer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; and
| | - Christian Aalkjaer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Cook DP, Rector MV, Bouzek DC, Michalski AS, Gansemer ND, Reznikov LR, Li X, Stroik MR, Ostedgaard LS, Abou Alaiwa MH, Thompson MA, Prakash YS, Krishnan R, Meyerholz DK, Seow CY, Stoltz DA. Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator in Sarcoplasmic Reticulum of Airway Smooth Muscle. Implications for Airway Contractility. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:417-26. [PMID: 26488271 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201508-1562oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE An asthma-like airway phenotype has been described in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Whether these findings are directly caused by loss of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function or secondary to chronic airway infection and/or inflammation has been difficult to determine. OBJECTIVES Airway contractility is primarily determined by airway smooth muscle. We tested the hypothesis that CFTR is expressed in airway smooth muscle and directly affects airway smooth muscle contractility. METHODS Newborn pigs, both wild type and with CF (before the onset of airway infection and inflammation), were used in this study. High-resolution immunofluorescence was used to identify the subcellular localization of CFTR in airway smooth muscle. Airway smooth muscle function was determined with tissue myography, intracellular calcium measurements, and regulatory myosin light chain phosphorylation status. Precision-cut lung slices were used to investigate the therapeutic potential of CFTR modulation on airway reactivity. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We found that CFTR localizes to the sarcoplasmic reticulum compartment of airway smooth muscle and regulates airway smooth muscle tone. Loss of CFTR function led to delayed calcium reuptake following cholinergic stimulation and increased myosin light chain phosphorylation. CFTR potentiation with ivacaftor decreased airway reactivity in precision-cut lung slices following cholinergic stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Loss of CFTR alters porcine airway smooth muscle function and may contribute to the airflow obstruction phenotype observed in human CF. Airway smooth muscle CFTR may represent a therapeutic target in CF and other diseases of airway narrowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cook
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine.,2 Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael A Thompson
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology and.,4 Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y S Prakash
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology and.,4 Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- 5 Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | | | - Chun Y Seow
- 7 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, James Hogg Research Centre/St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David A Stoltz
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine.,2 Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics.,8 Department of Biomedical Engineering, and.,9 Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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25
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Zeng JW, Zeng XL, Li FY, Ma MM, Yuan F, Liu J, Lv XF, Wang GL, Guan YY. Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) prevents apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide in basilar artery smooth muscle cells. Apoptosis 2015; 19:1317-29. [PMID: 24999019 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-1014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) acts as a cAMP-dependent chloride channel, has been studied in various types of cells. CFTR is abundantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells and closely linked to vascular tone regulation. However, the functional significance of CFTR in basilar vascular smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) remains elusive. Accumulating evidence has shown the direct role of CFTR in cell apoptosis that contributes to several main pathological events in CF, such as inflammation, lung injury and pancreatic insufficiency. We therefore investigated the role of CFTR in BASMC apoptotic process induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We found that H2O2-induced cell apoptosis was parallel to a significant decrease in endogenous CFTR protein expression. Silencing CFTR with adenovirus-mediated CFTR specific siRNA further enhanced H2O2-induced BASMC injury, mitochondrial cytochrome c release into cytoplasm, cleaved caspase-3 and -9 protein expression and oxidized glutathione levels; while decreased cell viability, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, mitochondrial membrane potential, total glutathione levels, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. The pharmacological activation of CFTR with forskolin produced the opposite effects. These results strongly suggest that CFTR may modulate oxidative stress-related BASMC apoptosis through the cAMP- and mitochondria-dependent pathway and regulating endogenous antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, and Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
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26
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Hübner CA, Schroeder BC, Ehmke H. Regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure: role of chloride transport in vascular smooth muscle. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:605-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1684-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Bulley S, Jaggar JH. Cl⁻ channels in smooth muscle cells. Pflugers Arch 2014; 466:861-72. [PMID: 24077695 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In smooth muscle cells (SMCs), the intracellular chloride ion (Cl−) concentration is high due to accumulation by Cl−/HCO3− exchange and Na+–K+–Cl− cotransportation. The equilibrium potential for Cl− (ECl) is more positive than physiological membrane potentials (Em), with Cl− efflux inducing membrane depolarization. Early studies used electrophysiology and nonspecific antagonists to study the physiological relevance of Cl− channels in SMCs. More recent reports have incorporated molecular biological approaches to identify and determine the functional significance of several different Cl− channels. Both "classic" and cGMP-dependent calcium (Ca2+)-activated (ClCa) channels and volume-sensitive Cl− channels are present, with TMEM16A/ANO1, bestrophins, and ClC-3, respectively, proposed as molecular candidates for these channels. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) has also been described in SMCs. This review will focus on discussing recent progress made in identifying each of these Cl− channels in SMCs, their physiological functions, and contribution to diseases that modify contraction, apoptosis, and cell proliferation.
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28
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El Hiani Y, Linsdell P. Conformational changes opening and closing the CFTR chloride channel: insights from cysteine scanning mutagenesis. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 92:481-8. [PMID: 25367045 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis, the most common lethal genetic disease affecting young people in North America, is caused by failure of the chloride ion channel known as CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator). CFTR belongs to the large family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters. In CFTR, ATP-driven events at the nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs) open and close a gate that controls chloride permeation. However, the conformational changes concomitant with opening and closing of the CFTR gate are unknown. Diverse techniques including substituted cysteine accessibility method, disulfide cross-linking, and patch-clamp recording have been used to explore CFTR channel structure. Here, we consider the architecture of both the open and the closed CFTR channel. We review how CFTR channel structure changes between the closed and the open channel conformations and portray the relative function of both cytoplasmic and vestigial gates during the gating cycle. Understanding how the CFTR channel gates chloride permeation is central for understanding how CFTR defects lead to CF. Such knowledge opens the door for novel ways to maximize CFTR channel activity in a CF setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine El Hiani
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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29
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Cuppoletti J, Chakrabarti J, Tewari KP, Malinowska DH. Differentiation between human ClC-2 and CFTR Cl− channels with pharmacological agents. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 307:C479-92. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00077.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been difficult to separate/identify the roles of ClC-2 and CFTR in Cl− transport studies. Using pharmacological agents, we aimed to differentiate functionally between ClC-2 and CFTR Cl− channel currents. Effects of CFTR inhibitor 172 (CFTRinh172), N-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)- N′-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)urea (DASU-02), and methadone were examined by whole cell patch clamp on Cl− currents in recombinant human ClC-2/human embryonic kidney 293 (ClC-2/HEK293) cells stably transformed with Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (hClC-2/293EBNA) and human CFTR/HEK293 (hCFTR/HEK293) cells and by short-circuit current ( Isc) measurements in T84 cells. Lubiprostone and forskolin-IBMX were used as activators. CFTRinh172 inhibited forskolin-IBMX-stimulated recombinant human CFTR (hCFTR) and lubiprostone-stimulated recombinant human ClC-2 (hClC-2) Cl− currents in a concentration-dependent manner equipotently. DASU-02 inhibited forskolin-IBMX-stimulated Cl− currents in hCFTR/HEK293 cells, but not lubiprostone-stimulated Cl− currents in hClC-2/293EBNA cells. In T84 cells with basolateral nystatin or 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO), lubiprostone-stimulated and forskolin-IBMX-cyclosporin A (FICA)-stimulated Isc components were observed. CFTRinh172 inhibited major portions of both components. DASU-02 had no effect on lubiprostone-stimulated Isc but partially inhibited FICA-stimulated Isc. T84 cells in which ClC-2 or CFTR was knocked down using siRNAs were constructed. T84 ClC-2 knockdown cells did not respond to lubiprostone but did respond to forskolin-IBMX in a methadone-insensitive, DASU-02-sensitive manner, indicating CFTR function. T84 CFTR knockdown cells responded separately to lubiprostone and forskolin-IBMX in a methadone-sensitive and DASU-02-insensitive manner, indicating ClC-2 function. Low lubiprostone concentrations activated ClC-2, but not CFTR, and both channels were activated by forskolin-IBMX but have different inhibitor sensitivities. Methadone, but not DASU-02, inhibited ClC-2. DASU-02, but not methadone, inhibited CFTR. In T84 cells, both ClC-2 and CFTR are present and likely play roles in Cl− secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Cuppoletti
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jayati Chakrabarti
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kirti P. Tewari
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Danuta H. Malinowska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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30
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Olschewski A, Papp R, Nagaraj C, Olschewski H. Ion channels and transporters as therapeutic targets in the pulmonary circulation. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 144:349-68. [PMID: 25108211 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary circulation is a low pressure, low resistance, high flow system. The low resting vascular tone is maintained by the concerted action of ion channels, exchangers and pumps. Under physiological as well as pathophysiological conditions, they are targets of locally secreted or circulating vasodilators and/or vasoconstrictors, leading to changes in expression or to posttranslational modifications. Both structural changes in the pulmonary arteries and a sustained increase in pulmonary vascular tone result in pulmonary vascular remodeling contributing to morbidity and mortality in pediatric and adult patients. There is increasing evidence demonstrating the pivotal role of ion channels such as K(+) and Cl(-) or transient receptor potential channels in different cell types which are thought to play a key role in vasoconstrictive remodeling. This review focuses on ion channels, exchangers and pumps in the pulmonary circulation and summarizes their putative pathophysiological as well as therapeutic role in pulmonary vascular remodeling. A better understanding of the mechanisms of their actions may allow for the development of new options for attenuating acute and chronic pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodeling treating the devastating disease pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Experimental Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Rita Papp
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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31
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Marcorelles P, Friocourt G, Uguen A, Ledé F, Férec C, Laquerrière A. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR) expression in the developing human brain: comparative immunohistochemical study between patients with normal and mutated CFTR. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:791-801. [PMID: 25062999 DOI: 10.1369/0022155414546190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein has recently been shown to be expressed in the human adult central nervous system (CNS). As CFTR expression has also been documented during embryonic development in several organs, such as the respiratory tract, the intestine and the male reproductive system, suggesting a possible role during development we decided to investigate the expression of CFTR in the human developing CNS. In addition, as some, although rare, neurological symptoms have been reported in patients with CF, we compared the expression of normal and mutated CFTR at several fetal stages. Immunohistochemistry was performed on brain and spinal cord samples of foetuses between 13 and 40 weeks of gestation and compared with five patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) of similar ages. We showed in this study that CFTR is only expressed in neurons and has an early and widespread distribution during development. Although we did not observe any cerebral abnormality in patients with CF, we observed a slight delay in the maturation of several brain structures. We also observed different expression and localization of CFTR depending on the brain structure or the cell maturation stage. Our findings, along with a literature review on the neurological phenotypes of patients with CF, suggest that this gene may play previously unsuspected roles in neuronal maturation or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Marcorelles
- Pathology Laboratory, Pole Pathologie-Biologie, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France (PM, AU, FL)Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest, Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (PM)Inserm, UMR1078, Brest, France (GF, CF)Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (GF, CF)CHRU Brest, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Histocompatibility, Brest, France (GF, CF)Pathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France (AL)NeoVasc Region-Inserm Team ERI28, Laboratory of Microvascular Endothelium and Neonate Brain Lesions, Institute of Research for Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France (AL)
| | - Gaëlle Friocourt
- Pathology Laboratory, Pole Pathologie-Biologie, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France (PM, AU, FL)Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest, Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (PM)Inserm, UMR1078, Brest, France (GF, CF)Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (GF, CF)CHRU Brest, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Histocompatibility, Brest, France (GF, CF)Pathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France (AL)NeoVasc Region-Inserm Team ERI28, Laboratory of Microvascular Endothelium and Neonate Brain Lesions, Institute of Research for Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France (AL)
| | - Arnaud Uguen
- Pathology Laboratory, Pole Pathologie-Biologie, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France (PM, AU, FL)Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest, Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (PM)Inserm, UMR1078, Brest, France (GF, CF)Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (GF, CF)CHRU Brest, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Histocompatibility, Brest, France (GF, CF)Pathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France (AL)NeoVasc Region-Inserm Team ERI28, Laboratory of Microvascular Endothelium and Neonate Brain Lesions, Institute of Research for Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France (AL)
| | - Françoise Ledé
- Pathology Laboratory, Pole Pathologie-Biologie, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France (PM, AU, FL)Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest, Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (PM)Inserm, UMR1078, Brest, France (GF, CF)Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (GF, CF)CHRU Brest, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Histocompatibility, Brest, France (GF, CF)Pathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France (AL)NeoVasc Region-Inserm Team ERI28, Laboratory of Microvascular Endothelium and Neonate Brain Lesions, Institute of Research for Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France (AL)
| | - Claude Férec
- Pathology Laboratory, Pole Pathologie-Biologie, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France (PM, AU, FL)Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest, Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (PM)Inserm, UMR1078, Brest, France (GF, CF)Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (GF, CF)CHRU Brest, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Histocompatibility, Brest, France (GF, CF)Pathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France (AL)NeoVasc Region-Inserm Team ERI28, Laboratory of Microvascular Endothelium and Neonate Brain Lesions, Institute of Research for Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France (AL)
| | - Annie Laquerrière
- Pathology Laboratory, Pole Pathologie-Biologie, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France (PM, AU, FL)Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest, Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (PM)Inserm, UMR1078, Brest, France (GF, CF)Brest University, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Brest, France (GF, CF)CHRU Brest, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Histocompatibility, Brest, France (GF, CF)Pathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France (AL)NeoVasc Region-Inserm Team ERI28, Laboratory of Microvascular Endothelium and Neonate Brain Lesions, Institute of Research for Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Rouen, France (AL)
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Peotta VA, Bhandary P, Ogu U, Volk KA, Roghair RD. Reduced blood pressure of CFTR-F508del carriers correlates with diminished arterial reactivity rather than circulating blood volume in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96756. [PMID: 24801204 PMCID: PMC4011854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The F508del mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is the most common cause of cystic fibrosis (CF). Both CF patients and F508del carriers have decreased blood pressure. While this has been attributed to salt depletion, recent studies have shown F508del expression interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium mobilization. We tested the hypothesis that carriers of the F508del mutation have lower adult blood pressures and reduced aortic contractility without a reduction in circulating blood volume. By radiotelemetry, F508del heterozygous mice had significantly lower arterial pressures than wild-type C57BL/6 controls, with the greatest effect seen at the time of dark-to-light cycle transition (mean difference of 10 mmHg). To replicate the vascular effects of sympathetic arousal, isoproterenol and epinephrine were co-infused, and F508del mice again had significantly reduced arterial pressures. Aortas isolated from F508del heterozygous mice had significantly decreased constriction to noradrenaline (0.9±0.2 versus 2.9±0.7 mN). Inhibition of wild-type CFTR or the inositol triphosphate receptor replicated the phenotype of F508del aortas. CFTR carrier status did not alter circulating blood volume. We conclude the CFTR-F508del mutation decreases aortic contractility and lowers arterial pressures. As a cAMP-activated chloride channel that facilitates calcium mobilization, we speculate wild-type CFTR co-activation during adrenergic receptor stimulation buffers the vasodilatory response to catecholamines, and loss of this compensatory vasoconstrictor tone may contribute to the lower arterial pressures seen in heterozygote carriers of a CFTR-F508del mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica A. Peotta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Prasad Bhandary
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ugochi Ogu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Kenneth A. Volk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Robert D. Roghair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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ANO1 contributes to Angiotensin-II-activated Ca2+-dependent Cl− current in human atrial fibroblasts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 68:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Guo JJ, Stoltz DA, Zhu V, Volk KA, Segar JL, McCray PB, Roghair RD. Genotype-specific alterations in vascular smooth muscle cell function in cystic fibrosis piglets. J Cyst Fibros 2013; 13:251-9. [PMID: 24183914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common CF-causing mutations interfere with CFTR trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (CFTR-F508del) or prematurely terminate transcription (CFTR-null). We suspected that genotype-specific patterns of CFTR expression would have differential effects on smooth muscle cell calcium signaling and hence vascular tone. We hypothesized that compared to wild-type or CFTR-null aorta, aorta from CFTR-F508del (dF) piglets will have reduced endoplasmic reticulum calcium mobilization and decreased vasoconstriction. METHODS Aortic reactivity was assessed by myography, and ratiometric calcium imaging was performed in isolated vascular smooth muscle cells. RESULTS Aorta from dF piglets had reduced myogenic tone (P<0.001) and decreased constriction to KCl (P<0.05). Combined inhibition of ryanodine and IP3 receptors decreased wild-type and CFTR-null responses to levels seen in dF aorta. Compared to wild-type cells, dF-expressing smooth muscle cells had reduced calcium transients, while CFTR-null cells had decreased baseline intracellular calcium concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Expression of CFTR-F508del interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium handling and decreases aortic responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinny J Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - David A Stoltz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Vivian Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Kenneth A Volk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Segar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Paul B McCray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Robert D Roghair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
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Norez C, Jayle C, Becq F, Vandebrouck C. Bronchorelaxation of the human bronchi by CFTR activators. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013; 27:38-43. [PMID: 23827485 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The airway functions are profoundly affected in many diseases including asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis (CF). CF the most common lethal autosomal recessive genetic disease is caused by mutations of the CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane Conductance Regulator) gene, which normally encodes a multifunctional and integral membrane cAMP regulated and ATP gated Cl(-) channel expressed in airway epithelial cells. Using human lung tissues obtained from patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer, we demonstrated that CFTR participates in bronchorelaxation. Using human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HBSMC), we applied iodide influx assay to analyze the CFTR-dependent ionic transport and immunofluorescence technique to localize CFTR proteins. Moreover, the relaxation was studied in isolated human bronchial segments after pre-contraction with carbachol to determine the implication of CFTR in bronchodilation. We found in HBSMC that the pharmacology and regulation of CFTR is similar to that of its epithelial counterpart both for activation (using forskolin/genistein or a benzo[c]quinolizinium derivative) and for inhibition (CFTR(inh)-172 and GPinh5a). With human bronchial rings, we observed that whatever the compound used including salbutamol, the activation of muscular CFTR leads to a bronchodilation after constriction with carbachol. Altogether, these observations revealed that CFTR in the human airways is expressed in bronchial smooth muscle cells and can be pharmacologically manipulated leading to the hypothesis that this ionic channel could contribute to bronchodilation in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Norez
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires CNRS FRE3511, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Christophe Jayle
- Service de chirurgie cardiothoracique, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | - Frédéric Becq
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires CNRS FRE3511, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Clarisse Vandebrouck
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires CNRS FRE3511, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
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Weiler CA, Drumm ML. Genetic influences on cystic fibrosis lung disease severity. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:40. [PMID: 23630497 PMCID: PMC3632778 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the causes of variation in clinical manifestations of disease should allow for design of new or improved therapeutic strategies to treat the disease. If variation is caused by genetic differences between individuals, identifying the genes involved should present therapeutic targets, either in the proteins encoded by those genes or the pathways in which they function. The technology to identify and genotype the millions of variants present in the human genome has evolved rapidly over the past two decades. Originally only a small number of polymorphisms in a small number of subjects could be studied realistically, but speed and scope have increased nearly as dramatically as cost has decreased, making it feasible to determine genotypes of hundreds of thousands of polymorphisms in thousands of subjects. The use of such genetic technology has been applied to cystic fibrosis (CF) to identify genetic variation that alters the outcome of this single gene disorder. Candidate gene strategies to identify these variants, referred to as “modifier genes,” has yielded several genes that act in pathways known to be important in CF and for these the clinical implications are relatively clear. More recently, whole-genome surveys that probe hundreds of thousands of variants have been carried out and have identified genes and chromosomal regions for which a role in CF is not at all clear. Identification of these genes is exciting, as it provides the possibility for new areas of therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen A Weiler
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH, USA
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How the airway smooth muscle in cystic fibrosis reacts in proinflammatory conditions: implications for airway hyper-responsiveness and asthma in cystic fibrosis. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2013; 1:137-47. [PMID: 24429094 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(12)70058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Among patients with cystic fibrosis there is a high prevalence (40-70%) of asthma signs and symptoms such as cough and wheezing and airway hyper-responsiveness to inhaled histamine or methacholine. Whether these abnormal airway responses are due to a primary deficiency in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) or are secondary to the inflammatory environment in the cystic fibrosis lungs is not clear. A role for the CFTR in smooth muscle function is emerging, and alterations in contractile signalling have been reported in CFTR-deficient airway smooth muscle. Persistent bacterial infection, especially with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, stimulates interleukin-8 release from the airway epithelium, resulting in neutrophilic inflammation. Increased neutrophilia and skewing of CFTR-deficient T-helper cells to type 2 helper T cells creates an inflammatory environment characterised by high concentrations of tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin-8, and interleukin-13, which might all contribute to increased contractility of airway smooth muscle in cystic fibrosis. An emerging role of interleukin-17, which is raised in patients with cystic fibrosis, in airway smooth muscle proliferation and hyper-responsiveness is apparent. Increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the altered smooth muscle physiology in patients with cystic fibrosis might provide insight into airway dysfunction in this disease.
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Abstract
Vascular remodeling of cerebral arterioles, including proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is the major cause of changes in the cross-sectional area and diameter of the arteries and sudden interruption of blood flow or hemorrhage in the brain, ie, stroke. Accumulating evidence strongly supports an important role for chloride (Cl(-)) channels in vascular remodeling and stroke. At least three Cl(-) channel genes are expressed in VSMCs: 1) the TMEM16A (or Ano1), which may encode the calcium-activated Cl(-) channels (CACCs); 2) the CLC-3 Cl(-) channel and Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter, which is closely related to the volume-regulated Cl(-) channels (VRCCs); and 3) the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which encodes the PKA- and PKC-activated Cl(-) channels. Activation of the CACCs by agonist-induced increase in intracellular Ca(2+) causes membrane depolarization, vasoconstriction, and inhibition of VSMC proliferation. Activation of VRCCs by cell volume increase or membrane stretch promotes the production of reactive oxygen species, induces proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of VSMCs. Activation of CFTR inhibits oxidative stress and may prevent the development of hypertension. In addition, Cl(-) current mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor has also been implicated a role in ischemic neuron death. This review focuses on the functional roles of Cl(-) channels in the development of stroke and provides a perspective on the future directions for research and the potential to develop Cl(-) channels as new targets for the prevention and treatment of stroke.
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Matchkov VV, Secher Dam V, Bødtkjer DMB, Aalkjær C. Transport and Function of Chloride in Vascular Smooth Muscles. J Vasc Res 2013; 50:69-87. [DOI: 10.1159/000345242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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40
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Left ventricular and aortic dysfunction in cystic fibrosis mice. J Cyst Fibros 2012; 12:517-24. [PMID: 23269368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2012.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular (LV) abnormalities have been reported in cystic fibrosis (CF); however, it remains unclear if loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function causes heart defects independent of lung disease. METHODS Using gut-corrected F508del CFTR mutant mice (ΔF508), which do not develop human lung disease, we examined in vivo heart and aortic function via 2D transthoracic echocardiography and LV catheterization. RESULTS ΔF508 mouse hearts showed LV concentric remodeling along with enhanced inotropy (increased +dP/dt, fractional shortening, decreased isovolumetric contraction time) and greater lusitropy (-dP/dt, Tau). Aortas displayed increased stiffness and altered diastolic flow. β-adrenergic stimulation revealed diminished cardiac reserve (attenuated +dP/dt,-dP/dt, LV pressure). CONCLUSIONS In a mouse model of CF, CFTR mutation leads to LV remodeling with alteration of cardiac and aortic functions in the absence of lung disease. As CF patients live longer, more active lives, their risk for cardiovascular disease should be considered.
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Cystic fibrosis: insight into CFTR pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:1132-44. [PMID: 22698459 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is the most common life-threatening recessively inherited disease in Caucasians. Due to early provision of care in specialized reference centers and more comprehensive care, survival has improved over time. Despite great advances in supportive care and in our understanding of its pathophysiology, there is still no cure for the disease. Therapeutic strategies aimed at rescuing the abnormal protein are either being sought after or under investigation. This review highlights salient insights into pathophysiology and candidate molecules suitable for CFTR pharmacotherapy. Clinical trials using Ataluren, VX-809 and ivacaftor have provided encouraging data. Preclinical data with inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type 5, such as sildenafil and analogs, have highlighted their potential for CFTR pharmacotherapy. Because sildenafil and analogs are in clinical use for other clinical applications, research on this class of drugs might speed up the development of new therapies for CF.
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42
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Lohman AW, Billaud M, Isakson BE. Mechanisms of ATP release and signalling in the blood vessel wall. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 95:269-80. [PMID: 22678409 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) has classically been considered the cell's primary energy currency. Importantly, a novel role for ATP as an extracellular autocrine and/or paracrine signalling molecule has evolved over the past century and extensive work has been conducted to characterize the ATP-sensitive purinergic receptors expressed on almost all cell types in the body. Extracellular ATP elicits potent effects on vascular cells to regulate blood vessel tone but can also be involved in vascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis. While the effects of purinergic signalling in the vasculature have been well documented, the mechanism(s) mediating the regulated release of ATP from cells in the blood vessel wall and circulation are now a key target of investigation. The aim of this review is to examine the current proposed mechanisms of ATP release from vascular cells, with a special emphasis on the transporters and channels involved in ATP release from vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, circulating red blood cells, and perivascular sympathetic nerves, including vesicular exocytosis, plasma membrane F(1)/F(0)-ATP synthase, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, connexin hemichannels, and pannexin channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Lohman
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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43
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Association of CFTR gene mutation with bronchial asthma. Indian J Med Res 2012; 135:469-78. [PMID: 22664493 PMCID: PMC3385229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutation on both the copies of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene results in cystic fibrosis (CF), which is a recessively transmitted genetic disorder. It is hypothesized that individuals heterozygous for CFTR gene mutation may develop obstructive pulmonary diseases like asthma. There is great heterogeneity in the phenotypic presentation and severity of CF lung disease. This could be due to genetic or environmental factors. Several modifier genes have been identified which may directly or indirectly interact with CFTR pathway and affect the severity of disease. This review article discusses the information related to the association of CFTR gene mutation with asthma. Association between CFTR gene mutation and asthma is still unclear. Report ranges from studies showing positive or protective association to those showing no association. Therefore, studies with sufficiently large sample size and detailed phenotype are required to define the potential contribution of CFTR in the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Uramoto H, Okada T, Okada Y. Protective Role of Cardiac CFTR Activation Upon Early Reperfusion Against Myocardial Infarction. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 30:1023-38. [DOI: 10.1159/000341479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Hodges CA, Grady BR, Mishra K, Cotton CU, Drumm ML. Cystic fibrosis growth retardation is not correlated with loss of Cftr in the intestinal epithelium. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 301:G528-36. [PMID: 21659619 PMCID: PMC3174541 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00052.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Maldigestion due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency leads to intestinal malabsorption and consequent malnutrition, a mechanism proposed to cause growth retardation associated with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, although enzyme replacement therapy combined with increased caloric intake improves weight gain, the effect on stature is not significant, suggesting that growth retardation has a more complex etiology. Mouse models of CF support this, since these animals do not experience exocrine pancreatic insufficiency yet are growth impaired. Cftr absence from the intestinal epithelium has been suggested as a primary source of growth retardation in CF mice, a concept we directly tested by generating mouse models with Cftr selectively inactivated or restored in intestinal epithelium. The relationship between growth and functional characteristics of the intestines, including transepithelial electrophysiology, incidence of intestinal obstruction, and histopathology, were assessed. Absence of Cftr exclusively from intestinal epithelium resulted in loss of cAMP-stimulated short-circuit current, goblet cell hyperplasia, and occurrence of intestinal obstructions but only slight and transient impaired growth. In contrast, specifically restoring Cftr to the intestinal epithelium resulted in restoration of ion transport and completely protected against obstruction and histopathological anomalies, but growth was indistinguishable from CF mice. These results indicate that absence of Cftr in the intestinal epithelium is an important contributor to the intestinal obstruction phenotype in CF but does not correlate with the observed growth reduction in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mitchell L. Drumm
- Departments of 1Pediatrics, ,3Genetics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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Al-Nakkash L, Batia L, Bhakta M, Peterson A, Hale N, Skinner R, Sears S, Jensen J. Stimulation of murine intestinal secretion by daily genistein injections: gender-dependent differences. Cell Physiol Biochem 2011; 28:239-50. [PMID: 21865731 DOI: 10.1159/000331736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The effect of daily injections with genistein (naturally occurring phytoestrogen) on intestinal chloride (Cl(-)) secretion was measured with Ussing chamber short circuit current (I(sc), μA/cm(2)), in C57BL/6J male and female mice, using 600 mg/kg genistein/day (600G), 300 mg/kg genistein/day (300G), 150 mg/kg genistein/day (150G) or genistein-free vehicle control (0G) for 1- or 2-weeks. METHODS AND RESULTS Injecting with 600G elicited significant increases in basal I(sc) in females after 1-week (ñ70 μA/cm(2), n=15, p < 0.05) and in males after 2-weeks (ñ80 μA/cm(2), n=5, p < 0.05) compared to their 0G counterparts. Chloride-free ringer significantly reduced basal I(sc) by 65% in 600G males and 72% in 600G females, suggesting that Cl(-) was the major anion comprising the genistein-stimulated secretion. The forskolin-stimulated (10 μM) I(sc) was significantly inhibited by the CFTR chloride channel inhibitors, glibenclamide (500 μM) and CFTR(inh)-172 (100 μM) in 600G males and females, suggesting some contribution by genistein-dependent CFTR-mediated Cl(-) secretion. We found no associated changes in intestinal morphology, nor change in total CFTR protein with 600G. There was a 5% increase in apical/subapical ratio in 600G males compared to controls (no change in females). CONCLUSION These data suggest that male and female mice both exhibit increased Cl- secretion with 600G, however, the mechanisms mediating this are gender-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Al-Nakkash
- Department of Physiology, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA.
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47
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Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein expression in the male excretory duct system during development. Hum Pathol 2011; 43:390-7. [PMID: 21840567 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2011.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sterility due to bilateral destruction in utero or in early infancy resulting in congenital absence of the vas deferens is the rule in male patients with cystic fibrosis. To understand the developmental pattern of this anomaly, the microscopic morphology of the male excretory system was analyzed during development and the expression of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein was explored by immunohistochemistry. We observed that cystic fibrosis fetuses had no excretory ducts agenesis or obstruction until 22 weeks of gestation. However, a focal inflammatory pattern and mucinous plugs in the oldest cystic fibrosis case suggested a disruptive mechanism. Immunolabeling of cytoplasmic epithelial cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein was demonstrated in all cystic fibrosis and control cases with a similar pattern of expression of the protein between age-matched controls and cystic fibrosis cases. At midgestation, an apical intensification appeared in both cystic fibrosis and control cases and was stable during the remainder of fetal life. No gradient of intensity could be detected between the different segments of the excretory tract. These findings are different from those reported in adults. The absence of any morphologic anomaly until 22 weeks of gestation, the focal destruction of the epithelial structures during the second trimester, and the chronological pattern of expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator are of interest for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Qu F, Liu HJ, Xiang Y, Tan YR, Liu C, Zhu XL, Qin XQ. Activation of CFTR trafficking and gating by vasoactive intestinal peptide in human bronchial epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112:902-8. [PMID: 21328463 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an apical membrane chloride channel critical to the regulation of fluid, chloride, and bicarbonate transport in epithelia and other cell types. The most common cause of cystic fibrosis (CF) is the abnormal trafficking of CFTR mutants. Therefore, understanding the cellular machineries that transit CFTR from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface is important. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) plays an important role in CFTR-dependent chloride transport. The present study was designed to observe the affection of VIP on the trafficking of CFTR, and channel gating in human bronchial epithelium cells (HBEC). Confocal microscopy revealed CFTR immunofluorescence extending from the apical membrane deeply into the cell cytoplasm. After VIP treatment, apical extension of CFTR immunofluorescence into the cell was reduced and the peak intensity of CFTR fluorescence shifted towards the apical membrane. Western blot showed VIP increased cell surface and total CFTR. Compared with the augmented level of total CFTR, the surface CFTR increased more markedly. Immunoprecipitation founded that the mature form of CFTR had a marked increase in HBEC treated with VIP. VIP led to a threefold increase in Cl(-) efflux in HBEC. Glibenclamide-sensitive and DIDS-insensitive CFTR Cl(-) currents were consistently observed after stimulation with VIP (10(-8) mol/L). The augmentation of CFTR Cl(-) currents enhanced by VIP (10(-8) mol/L) was reversed, at least in part, by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H-89 and the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, H-7, suggesting PKA and PKC participate in the VIP-promoted CFTR Cl(-) currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
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Becq F. CFTR channels and adenosine triphosphate release: the impossible rendez-vous revisited in skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2011; 588:4605-6. [PMID: 21123201 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Becq
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Poitiers, France.
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50
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Ouedraogo M, Ruiz M, Vardelle E, Carreyre H, Coustard JM, Potreau D, Sawadogo LL, Cognard C, Becq F, Vandebrouck C, Bescond J. From the vasodilator and hypotensive effects of an extract fraction from Agelanthus dodoneifolius (DC) Danser (Loranthaceae) to the active compound dodoneine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:345-352. [PMID: 20937377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Effects of the different fractions obtained by partition of ethanolic extract (EE) of Agelanthus dodoneifolius through column chromatography were investigated on rat blood pressure and aortic relaxation and compared to those observed in the presence of crude EE. MATERIALS AND METHODS The acute hypotensive activity of EE, fractions and dodoneine, administrated intravenously, was evaluated in anaesthetized rats using the invasive method of blood pressure recording. Bioassay-guided fractionation using rat aorta pre-contracted by norepinephrine to monitor the relaxant activity led to the isolation of dodoneine. RESULTS In normotensive rats, injection of EE (0.01-10 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure without any significant change in heart rate. In a similar way, the EE (0.001-3 mg/mL) caused relaxation of rat pre-contracted aorta in a concentration-dependent manner. Fractionation of the EE afforded 14 fractions, F1-F14, that were tested on rat precontracted aortic rings. At the concentration level of 1 mg/mL, a maximum relaxation effect was observed for fractions F2-F5. F4 was the most effective to elicit a concentration-dependent relaxation effect with an ED(50)=160±1.1 μg/mL (n=5) and to decreased systolic and diastolic control pressure by 56.9% and 81.6% respectively. F4 contains most of the dihydropyranone dodoneine, with 93% of the sample mass. Dodoneine separated from this fraction was also able to decrease both systolic and diastolic arterial pressure by 32.5% and 38.7% at 100 μg/kg, respectively. CONCLUSION For the first time, this study demonstrates the hypotensive property of the dodoneine present in Agelanthus dodoneifolius.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ouedraogo
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Université de Poitiers, CNRS/UMR 6187, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau F-86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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