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Kim S, Goo W, Karima G, Lee JH, Kim HD. Polyacrylamide/Gel-Based Self-Healing Artificial Tympanic Membrane for Drug Delivery of Otitis Treatment. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0049. [PMID: 38952716 PMCID: PMC11214819 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the bacterial infections caused by tympanic membrane perforation is otitis media (OM). Middle ear inflammation causes continuous pain and can be accompanied by aftereffects such as facial nerve paralysis if repeated chronically. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an artificial tympanic membrane (TM) that can effectively regenerate the eardrum due to the easy implantation and removal of OM inflammation. In this study, we synthesized hydrogel by mixing gelatin and polyacrylamide. Cefuroxime sodium salt was then incorporated into this hydrogel to both regenerate the TM and treat OM. Cytotoxicity experiments confirmed the biocompatibility of hydrogels equipped with antibiotics, and we conducted drug release and antibacterial experiments to examine continuous drug release. Through experiments, we have verified the excellent biocompatibility, drug release ability, and antibacterial effectiveness of hydrogel. It holds the potential to serve as an effective strategy for treating OM and regenerating TM as a drug delivery substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Kim
- Department of IT Convergence (Brain Korea Plus 21),
Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonhoe Goo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,
Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gul Karima
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,
Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan D. Kim
- Department of IT Convergence (Brain Korea Plus 21),
Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
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2
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Ebrahimian A, Mohammadi H, Maftoon N. Relative importance and interactions of parameters of finite-element models of human middle ear. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:619-634. [PMID: 37535428 DOI: 10.1121/10.0020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, finite-element models of the middle ear have been widely used to predict the middle-ear vibration outputs. Even with the simplest linear assumption for material properties of the structures in the middle ear, these models need tens of parameters. Due to the complexities of measurements of material properties of these structures, accurate estimations of the values of most of these parameters are not possible. In this study, we benefited from the stochastic finite-element model of the middle ear we had developed in the past, to perform global sensitivity analysis. For this aim, we implemented Sobol' sensitivity analysis which ranks the importance of all uncertain parameters and interactions among them at different frequencies. To decrease the computational costs, we found Sobol' indices from surrogate models that we created using stochastic finite-element results and the polynomial chaos expansion method. Based on the results, the Young's modulus and thickness of the tympanic membrane, Young's modulus and damping of the stapedial annular ligaments, and the Young's modulus of ossicles are among the parameters with the greatest impacts on vibrations of the umbo and stapes footplate. Furthermore, the most significant interactions happen between the Young's modulus and thickness of the tympanic membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ebrahimian
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hossein Mohammadi
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nima Maftoon
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Najafidoust M, Hashemi A, Oskui IZ. Effect of temperature on dynamic compressive behavior of periodontal ligament. Med Eng Phys 2023; 116:103986. [PMID: 37230701 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2023.103986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal ligament (PDL) attaches tooth root to the surrounding bone. Its existence between tooth and jaw bone is of utmost importance due to its significant role in absorbing and distributing physiological and para-physiological loading. According to the previous studies, various mechanical tests have been performed to characterize the mechanical properties of the PDL; however, all of them have been done at room temperature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which the testing was performed at body temperature. The present research was planned to measure the dependency of PDL's viscoelastic behavior on temperature and frequency. Three different temperatures, including body and room temperature, were opted to perform the dynamic compressive tests of the bovine PDL. In addition, a Generalized Maxwell model (GMM) was presented based on empirical outcomes. At 37 °C, amounts of loss factor were found to be greater than those in 25 °C, which demonstrates that the viscous phase of the PDL in higher temperatures plays a critical role. Likewise, by raising the temperature from 25 °C to 37 °C, the model parameters show an enlargement in the viscous part and lessening in the elastic part. It was concluded that the PDL's viscosity in body temperature is much higher than that in room temperature. This model would be functional for a more accurate computational analysis of the PDL at the body temperature (37 °C) in various loading conditions such as orthodontic simulations, mastication, and impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Najafidoust
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Neuroscience Research Australia and Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ata Hashemi
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Iman Z Oskui
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
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4
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Ebrahimian A, Mohammadi H, Rosowski JJ, Cheng JT, Maftoon N. Inaccuracies of deterministic finite-element models of human middle ear revealed by stochastic modelling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7329. [PMID: 37147426 PMCID: PMC10163043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34018-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For over 40 years, finite-element models of the mechanics of the middle ear have been mostly deterministic in nature. Deterministic models do not take into account the effects of inter-individual variabilities on middle-ear parameters. We present a stochastic finite-element model of the human middle ear that uses variability in the model parameters to investigate the uncertainty in the model outputs (umbo, stapes, and tympanic-membrane displacements). We demonstrate: (1) uncertainties in the model parameters can be magnified by more than three times in the umbo and stapes footplate responses at frequencies above 2 kHz; (2) middle-ear models are biased and they distort the output distributions; and (3) with increased frequency, the highly-uncertain regions spatially spread out on the tympanic membrane surface. Our results assert that we should be mindful when using deterministic finite-element middle-ear models for critical tasks such as novel device developments and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ebrahimian
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Hossein Mohammadi
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - John J Rosowski
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jeffrey Tao Cheng
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Nima Maftoon
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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5
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Shi H, Xiang S, Wang L, Sun Y, Wang J, Liu Z. Characterization of middle ear soft tissue damping and its role in sound transmission. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:1003-1018. [PMID: 36881185 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Damping plays an important role in the middle ear (ME) sound transmission system. However, how to mechanically characterize the damping of ME soft tissues and the role of damping in ME sound transmission have not yet reached a consensus. In this paper, a finite element (FE) model of the partial external and ME of the human ear, considering both Rayleigh damping and viscoelastic damping for different soft tissues, is developed to quantitatively investigate the damping in soft tissues effects on the wide-frequency response of the ME sound transmission system. The model-derived results can capture the high-frequency (above 2 kHz) fluctuations and obtain the 0.9 kHz resonant frequency (RF) of the stapes velocity transfer function (SVTF) response. The results show that the damping of pars tensa (PT), stapedial annular ligament (SAL) and incudostapedial joints (ISJ) can help smooth the broadband response of the umbo and stapes footplate (SFP). It is found that, between 1 and 8 kHz, the damping of the PT increases the magnitude and phase delay of the SVTF above 2 kHz while the damping of the ISJ can avoid excessive phase delay of the SVTF, which is important in maintaining the synchronization in high-frequency vibration but has not been revealed before. Below 1 kHz, the damping of the SAL plays a more important role, and it can decrease the magnitude but increases the phase delay of the SVTF. This study has implications for a better understanding of the mechanism of ME sound transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Shi
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Xiang
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Mechanics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Control, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongtao Sun
- Department of Mechanics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Control, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Audiological Technology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhanli Liu
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Thompson CW, Rohani SA, Dirckx JJ, Ladak HM, Agrawal SK. Finite element modelling of the human middle ear using synchrotron-radiation phase-contrast imaging. Comput Biol Med 2023; 157:106747. [PMID: 36907036 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Finite element (FE) models of the middle ear often lack accurate geometry of soft tissue structures, such as the suspensory ligaments, as they can be difficult to discern using conventional imaging modalities, such as computed tomography. Synchrotron-radiation phase-contrast imaging (SR-PCI) is a non-destructive imaging modality that has been shown to produce excellent visualization of soft tissue structures without the need for extensive sample preparation. The objectives of the investigation were to firstly use SR-PCI to create and evaluate a biomechanical FE model of the human middle ear that includes all soft tissue structures, and secondly, to investigate how modelling assumptions and simplifications of ligament representations affect the simulated biomechanical response of the FE model. The FE model included the suspensory ligaments, ossicular chain, tympanic membrane, the incudostapedial and incudomalleal joints, and the ear canal. Frequency responses obtained from the SR-PCI-based FE model agreed well with published laser doppler vibrometer measurements on cadaveric samples. Revised models with exclusion of the superior malleal ligament (SML), simplification of the SML, and modification of the stapedial annular ligament were studied, as these revised models represented modelling assumptions that have been made in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb W Thompson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Seyed A Rohani
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joris J Dirckx
- Laboratory of Biomedical Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hanif M Ladak
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumit K Agrawal
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Ugarteburu M, Withnell RH, Cardoso L, Carriero A, Richter CP. Mammalian middle ear mechanics: A review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:983510. [PMID: 36299283 PMCID: PMC9589510 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.983510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The middle ear is part of the ear in all terrestrial vertebrates. It provides an interface between two media, air and fluid. How does it work? In mammals, the middle ear is traditionally described as increasing gain due to Helmholtz’s hydraulic analogy and the lever action of the malleus-incus complex: in effect, an impedance transformer. The conical shape of the eardrum and a frequency-dependent synovial joint function for the ossicles suggest a greater complexity of function than the traditional view. Here we review acoustico-mechanical measurements of middle ear function and the development of middle ear models based on these measurements. We observe that an impedance-matching mechanism (reducing reflection) rather than an impedance transformer (providing gain) best explains experimental findings. We conclude by considering some outstanding questions about middle ear function, recognizing that we are still learning how the middle ear works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maialen Ugarteburu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert H. Withnell
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Luis Cardoso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alessandra Carriero
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Carriero, ; Claus-Peter Richter,
| | - Claus-Peter Richter
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- The Hugh Knowles Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Carriero, ; Claus-Peter Richter,
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8
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Lobato LC, Paul S, Cordioli JA. Statistical analysis of the human middle ear mechanical properties. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 151:2043. [PMID: 35364966 DOI: 10.1121/10.0009890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Many experimental data on the human middle ear (ME) mechanics and dynamics can be found in the literature. Nevertheless, discussions about the uncertainties of these data are scarce. The present study compiles experimental data on the mechanical properties of the human ME. The summary statistics of mean and standard deviation of the data were collected and the coefficients of variation were computed and pooled. Moreover, the linear correlation and distribution were assessed for the ossicles' mass. Results show that, generally, the uncertainties of the stiffness properties of the tympanic membrane, ligaments, and tendons are larger than the uncertainties of the ossicles' mass. In addition, the uncertainties of the ME response vary across frequency. The vibration measures, such as the stapes' velocity normalized by the sound pressure at the tympanic membrane, are more uncertain than ME input impedance and reflectance. It is expected that the results presented in this study will provide the basis for the development of probabilistic models of the human ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas C Lobato
- Acoustic and Vibration Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Stephan Paul
- Acoustic and Vibration Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Júlio A Cordioli
- Acoustic and Vibration Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
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9
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Muyshondt PGG, Dirckx JJJ. Structural stiffening in the human middle ear due to static pressure: Finite-element analysis of combined static and dynamic middle-ear behavior. Hear Res 2020; 400:108116. [PMID: 33291007 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The vibration response of the middle ear (ME) to sound changes when static pressure gradients are applied across the tympanic membrane (TM). To date, it has not been well understood which mechanisms lead to these changes in ME vibration response. In this study, a 3D finite-element model of the human ME was developed that simulates the sound-induced ME vibration response when positive and negative static pressures of up to 4 kPa are applied to the TM. Hyperelasticity of the soft-tissue components was considered to simulate large deformations under static pressure. Some ME components were treated as viscoelastic materials to capture the difference between their static and dynamic stiffness, which was needed to replicate both static and dynamic ME behavior. The change in dynamic stiffness with static preload was simulated by linearization of the hyperelastic constitutive model around the predeformed state. For the preloaded harmonic response, we found that the statically deformed ME geometry introduced asymmetry in the vibration loss between positive and negative pressure, which was due to the TM cone shape. As opposed to previous assumptions, the prestress in the ME due to static pressure had a substantial impact on the vibration response. We also found that material nonlinearity led to a higher stiffening at the umbo but a less pronounced stiffening at the footplate compared to the linear elastic condition. The results suggest that flexibility of the incudomalleolar joint (IMJ) enhances the decoupling of static umbo and footplate displacements, and that viscosity and viscoelasticity of the IMJ could play a role in the transfer of sound-induced vibrations from the umbo to the footplate. The components of the incudostapedial joint had minimal effect on ME mechanical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter G G Muyshondt
- Biophysics and Biomedical Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Joris J J Dirckx
- Biophysics and Biomedical Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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10
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Najafidoust M, Hashemi A, Oskui IZ. Dynamic viscoelastic behavior of bovine periodontal ligament in compression. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:651-659. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Najafidoust
- Biomechanical Engineering Group Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Ata Hashemi
- Biomechanical Engineering Group Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Iman Z. Oskui
- Biomechanical Engineering Group Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Sahand University of Technology Tabriz Iran
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11
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Muyshondt PGG, Dirckx JJJ. How flexibility and eardrum cone shape affect sound conduction in single-ossicle ears: a dynamic model study of the chicken middle ear. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 19:233-249. [PMID: 31372910 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that non-mammals have poor hearing at high frequencies because the sound-conduction performance of their single-ossicle middle ears declines above a certain frequency. To better understand this behavior, a dynamic three-dimensional finite-element model of the chicken middle ear was constructed. The effect of changing the flexibility of the cartilaginous extracolumella on middle-ear sound conduction was simulated from 0.125 to 8 kHz, and the influence of the outward-bulging cone shape of the eardrum was studied by altering the depth and orientation of the eardrum cone in the model. It was found that extracolumella flexibility increases the middle-ear pressure gain at low frequencies due to an enhancement of eardrum motion, but it decreases the pressure gain at high frequencies as the bony columella becomes more resistant to extracolumella movement. Similar to the inward-pointing cone shape of the mammalian eardrum, it was shown that the outward-pointing cone shape of the chicken eardrum enhances the middle-ear pressure gain compared to a flat eardrum shape. When the outward-pointing eardrum was replaced by an inward-pointing eardrum, the pressure gain decreased slightly over the entire frequency range. This decrease was assigned to an increase in bending behavior of the extracolumella and a reduction in piston-like columella motion in the model with an inward-pointing eardrum. Possibly, the single-ossicle middle ear of birds favors an outward-pointing eardrum over an inward-pointing one as it preserves a straight angle between the columella and extrastapedius and a right angle between the columella and suprastapedius, which provides the optimal transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter G G Muyshondt
- Biophysics and Biomedical Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Joris J J Dirckx
- Biophysics and Biomedical Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
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12
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Lobato L, Paul S, Cordioli J, Cruz OLM. How Stapes Ankylosis and Fracture Affect Middle Ear Dynamics: A Numerical Study. J Biomech Eng 2019; 141:2735314. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4043875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Numerical models of the human middle ear have been developed throughout the last 30 years, for different purposes. While several types of pathologies have been studied, stapedial disorders were seldomly explored. This papers aims to clarify how stapes fracture and some forms of stapes ankylosis, such as stapedial tendon (ST) ossification, augmented pyramidal eminence (PE) and bony bar presence, affect the sound transmission through the middle ear. In addition, the stapes dynamics is also analyzed by means of total displacement and first principal strain. For the purpose of the study, first, a three-dimensional finite element model of the human middle ear is detailed and validated under normal (healthy) conditions. The model is then modified to represent the stapedial disorders of interest. A measure is established for evaluating how the disorders reduce sound transmission through the middle ear. Results of the reduction of sound transmission showed that the different forms of stapes ankylosis affect primarily low frequencies, while the stapes fracture mostly affects high frequency sound transmission. According to the results, an augmented PE does not restrict stapes movement unless followed by some ossification of the ST. In addition, the question whether the fracture is in the anterior or posterior crus and the distance of the fractured part from the stapes footplate have a relevant role in the reduction of the sound transmission. Finally, the analysis of total displacement and first principal strain of the stapes helped to highlight some differences among the stapedial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lobato
- Acoustical and Vibration Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Stephan Paul
- Acoustical and Vibration Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Júlio Cordioli
- Acoustical and Vibration Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo L. M. Cruz
- Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
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13
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Kiryk EA, Kamieniecki K, Kwacz M. Design of a resilient ring for middle ear's chamber stapes prosthesis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2018; 21:771-779. [PMID: 30409041 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2018.1519070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the process of designing a new elastic element replacing a membrane in the chamber stapes prosthesis (ChSP). The results of the study are volume displacement characteristics obtained for the prosthesis and physiological stapes. Simulation tests on a 3D CAD model have confirmed that a properly designed ring can stimulate perilymph with the same or greater efficacy as the physiological stapes footplate placed on the elastic annular ligament. The ChSP with a new elastic element creates a good chance of improving hearing in patients suffering from otosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Anna Kiryk
- a Institute of Radioelectronics , Warsaw University of Technology , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Konrad Kamieniecki
- b Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics , Warsaw University of Technology , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Monika Kwacz
- b Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics , Warsaw University of Technology , Warsaw , Poland
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14
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Mechanical, material, and biological study of a PCL/bioactive glass bone scaffold: Importance of viscoelasticity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 90:280-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Jiang S, Gan RZ. Dynamic properties of human incudostapedial joint—Experimental measurement and finite element modeling. Med Eng Phys 2018; 54:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Shahin-Shamsabadi A, Hashemi A, Tahriri M. A Viscoelastic Study of Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Microsphere Sintered Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold. J Med Biol Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-017-0325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Alper CM, Luntz M, Takahashi H, Ghadiali SN, Swarts JD, Teixeira MS, Csákányi Z, Yehudai N, Kania R, Poe DS. Panel 2: Anatomy (Eustachian Tube, Middle Ear, and Mastoid-Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Pathogenesis). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 156:S22-S40. [PMID: 28372527 DOI: 10.1177/0194599816647959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective In this report, we review the recent literature (ie, past 4 years) to identify advances in our understanding of the middle ear-mastoid-eustachian tube system. We use this review to determine whether the short-term goals elaborated in the last report were achieved, and we propose updated goals to guide future otitis media research. Data Sources PubMed, Web of Science, Medline. Review Methods The panel topic was subdivided, and each contributor performed a literature search within the given time frame. The keywords searched included middle ear, eustachian tube, and mastoid for their intersection with anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, and pathology. Preliminary reports from each panel member were consolidated and discussed when the panel met on June 11, 2015. At that meeting, the progress was evaluated and new short-term goals proposed. Conclusions Progress was made on 13 of the 20 short-term goals proposed in 2011. Significant advances were made in the characterization of middle ear gas exchange pathways, modeling eustachian tube function, and preliminary testing of treatments for eustachian tube dysfunction. Implications for Practice In the future, imaging technologies should be developed to noninvasively assess middle ear/eustachian tube structure and physiology with respect to their role in otitis media pathogenesis. The new data derived from these structure/function experiments should be integrated into computational models that can then be used to develop specific hypotheses concerning otitis media pathogenesis and persistence. Finally, rigorous studies on medical or surgical treatments for eustachian tube dysfunction should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuneyt M Alper
- 1 Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,2 Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,3 Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michal Luntz
- 4 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center; Technion-The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Haruo Takahashi
- 5 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Samir N Ghadiali
- 6 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,7 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - J Douglas Swarts
- 2 Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Miriam S Teixeira
- 2 Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Csákányi
- 8 Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Heim Pal Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noam Yehudai
- 4 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center; Technion-The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Romain Kania
- 9 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Diderot University, University Paris Sorbonne, Paris, France
| | - Dennis S Poe
- 10 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,11 Department of Otolaryngology and Communications Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Hitt BM, Wang X, Gan RZ. Dynamic property changes in stapedial annular ligament associated with acute otitis media in the chinchilla. Med Eng Phys 2017; 40:65-74. [PMID: 27989383 PMCID: PMC5292076 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Located at the end of the ossicular chain, the stapedial annular ligament (SAL) serves as a closed yet mobile boundary between the cochlear fluid and stapes footplate. It is unclear how SAL properties change with acute otitis media (AOM). This paper reports the measurements of SAL dynamic properties in chinchilla AOM model using dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and frequency-temperature superposition (FTS) principle. AOM was analyzed in two infection groups: 4 days (4D) and 8 days (8D) post induction. SAL specimens were measured using DMA at three temperatures: 5, 25, and 37°C. To extend the testing frequencies to higher levels, FTS principle was employed. Then generalized Maxwell model was utilized to define the constitutive equations of the SAL. The complex shear moduli were obtained from seven samples of control, 4D, and 8D groups. Results show that the storage and loss shear moduli of SALs decreased due to AOM. The storage moduli for 4D and 8D ears were similar below 100Hz, and the loss modulus for 4D was significantly larger than 8D across the entire frequency range. This study reports data that contributes to ear biomechanics and improves understanding on the effects of AOM in middle ear tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke M Hitt
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, United States
| | - Xuelin Wang
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, United States
| | - Rong Z Gan
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, United States.
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Dynamic tensile properties of bovine periodontal ligament: A nonlinear viscoelastic model. J Biomech 2016; 49:756-764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3D finite element model of the chinchilla ear for characterizing middle ear functions. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2016; 15:1263-77. [PMID: 26785845 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-016-0758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chinchilla is a commonly used animal model for research of sound transmission through the ear. Experimental measurements of the middle ear transfer function in chinchillas have shown that the middle ear cavity greatly affects the tympanic membrane (TM) and stapes footplate (FP) displacements. However, there is no finite element (FE) model of the chinchilla ear available in the literature to characterize the middle ear functions with the anatomical features of the chinchilla ear. This paper reports a recently completed 3D FE model of the chinchilla ear based on X-ray micro-computed tomography images of a chinchilla bulla. The model consisted of the ear canal, TM, middle ear ossicles and suspensory ligaments, and the middle ear cavity. Two boundary conditions of the middle ear cavity wall were simulated in the model as the rigid structure and the partially flexible surface, and the acoustic-mechanical coupled analysis was conducted with these two conditions to characterize the middle ear function. The model results were compared with experimental measurements reported in the literature including the TM and FP displacements and the middle ear input admittance in chinchilla ear. An application of this model was presented to identify the acoustic role of the middle ear septa-a unique feature of chinchilla middle ear cavity. This study provides the first 3D FE model of the chinchilla ear for characterizing the middle ear functions through the acoustic-mechanical coupled FE analysis.
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Wang J, Jiang LD, He AY, Wang DR, Zhu J, Duan RS, Tao C. Annular ligament reconstruction by suture anchor for treatment of radial head dislocation in children. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16:181. [PMID: 26242600 PMCID: PMC4525736 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-015-0642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the efficacy of annular ligament reconstruction by suture anchor in the treatment of radial head dislocation (RHD) in children. METHOD A total of 20 RHD children nderwent annular ligament reconstruction surgery using suture anchor. Preoperative and postoperative elbow functions were evaluated according to Broberg and Morrey 100-point scale. Recovery of radial nerve function was assessed using the Chinese Medical Association of Hand Surgery Branch of Upper Limb Functional Assessment Standard. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 17.0 software. RESULTS All 20 RHD children who underwent the procedure were followed up for a median duration of 24 months. At the last follow-up, the average Broberg-Morrey score was 94.3, with 12 children (60.0%) showing excellent outcomes (score range, 95 to 100), 7 children (35.0%) showing good outcomes (score range, 80 to 94), 1 child (5.0%) displayed a fair outcome (score range, 60 to 79), and 0 (0%) poor outcome. A significant difference in the excellent-good rate was observed when the elbow function before surgery was compared to after surgery (χ(2) = 5.559, P = 0.018). The radial nerve function of the 13 RHD children with radial nerve injury also recovered to normal. Among these 13 RHD children, nine exhibited excellent outcomes, 3 showed good outcomes, 1 displayed a fair outcome, and no patient showed a poor outcome. A significant difference in the excellent-good rate of radial nerve function was also observed when before surgery was compared to after surgery in these RHD children (χ(2) = 4.887, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION Our results strongly indicated that suture anchor is highly effective for reconstruction of the annular ligament and to promote full functional recovery in RHD children, demonstrating that the procedure is an excellent treatment choice in RHD children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road No.139, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang-Dong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ai-Yong He
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road No.139, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dai-Rong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road No.139, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road No.139, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Run-Shan Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road No.139, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cheng Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road No.139, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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