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Mao X, Li H, Zheng J. Effects of xenobiotics on CYP1 enzyme-mediated biotransformation and bioactivation of estradiol. Drug Metab Rev 2023; 55:1-49. [PMID: 36823774 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2177671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous estradiol (E2) exerts diverse physiological and pharmacological activities, commonly used for hormone replacement therapy. However, prolonged and excessive exposure to E2 potentially increases estrogenic cancer risk. Reportedly, CYP1 enzyme-mediated biotransformation of E2 is largely concerned with its balance between detoxification and carcinogenic pathways. Among the three key CYP1 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1), CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 mainly catalyze the formation of nontoxic 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OH-E2), while CYP1B1 specifically catalyzes the formation of genotoxic 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OH-E2). 4-OH-E2 can be further metabolized to electrophilic quinone intermediates accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering DNA damage. Since abnormal alterations in CYP1 activities can greatly affect the bioactivation process of E2, regulatory effects of xenobiotics on CYP1s are essential for E2-associated cancer development. To date, thousands of natural and synthetic compounds have been found to show potential inhibition and/or induction actions on the three CYP1 members. Generally, these chemicals share similar planar polycyclic skeletons, the structural motifs and substituent groups of which are important for their inhibitory/inductive efficiency and selectivity toward CYP1 enzymes. This review comprehensively summarizes these known inhibitors and/or inductors of E2-metabolizing CYP1s based on chemical categories and discusses their structure-activity relationships, which would contribute to better understanding of the correlation between xenobiotic-regulated CYP1 activities and estrogenic cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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2
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Coelho NR, Pimpão AB, Correia MJ, Rodrigues TC, Monteiro EC, Morello J, Pereira SA. Pharmacological blockage of the AHR-CYP1A1 axis: a call for in vivo evidence. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 100:215-243. [PMID: 34800164 PMCID: PMC8605459 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that can be activated by structurally diverse compounds arising from the environment and the microbiota and host metabolism. Expanding evidence has been shown that the modulation of the canonical pathway of AHR occurs during several chronic diseases and that its abrogation might be of clinical interest for metabolic and inflammatory pathological processes. However, most of the evidence on the pharmacological abrogation of the AHR-CYP1A1 axis has been reported in vitro, and therefore, guidance for in vivo studies is needed. In this review, we cover the state-of-the-art of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of AHR antagonists and CYP1A1 inhibitors in different in vivo rodent (mouse or rat) models of disease. This review will serve as a road map for those researchers embracing this emerging therapeutic area targeting the AHR. Moreover, it is a timely opportunity as the first AHR antagonists have recently entered the clinical stage of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Coelho
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A B Pimpão
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M J Correia
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T C Rodrigues
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E C Monteiro
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Morello
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S A Pereira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
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3
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Tylińska B, Wiatrak B. Bioactive Olivacine Derivatives-Potential Application in Cancer Therapy. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:564. [PMID: 34205757 PMCID: PMC8235335 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Olivacine and its derivatives are characterized by multidirectional biological activity. Noteworthy is their antiproliferative effect related to various mechanisms, such as inhibition of growth factors, enzymes, kinases and others. The activity of these compounds was tested on cell lines of various tumors. In most publications, the most active olivacine derivatives exceeded the effects of doxorubicin (a commonly used anticancer drug), so in the future, they may become the main new anticancer drugs. In this publication, we present the groups of the most active olivacine derivatives obtained. In this work, the in vitro and in vivo activity of olivacine and its most active derivatives are presented. We describe olivacine derivatives that have been in clinical trials. We conducted a structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis that may be used to obtain new olivacine derivatives with better properties than the available anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Tylińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
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4
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Coelho NR, Matos C, Pimpão AB, Correia MJ, Sequeira CO, Morello J, Pereira SA, Monteiro EC. AHR canonical pathway: in vivo findings to support novel antihypertensive strategies. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105407. [PMID: 33418029 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (HTN) is a disease where genetic and environmental factors interact to produce a high prevalent set of almost indistinguishable phenotypes. The weak definition of what is under the umbrella of HTN is a consequence of the lack of knowledge on the players involved in environment-gene interaction and their impact on blood pressure (BP) and mechanisms. The disclosure of these mechanisms that sense and (mal)adapt to toxic-environmental stimuli might at least determine some phenotypes of essential HTN and will have important therapeutic implications. In the present manuscript, we looked closer to the environmental sensor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in cardiovascular physiology, but better known by its involvement in biotransformation of xenobiotics through its canonical pathway. This review aims to disclose the contribution of the AHR-canonical pathway to HTN. For better mirror the complexity of the mechanisms involved in BP regulation, we privileged evidence from in vivo studies. Here we ascertained the level of available evidence and a comprehensive characterization of the AHR-related phenotype of HTN. We reviewed clinical and rodent studies on AHR-HTN genetic association and on AHR ligands and their impact on BP. We concluded that AHR is a druggable mechanistic linker of environmental exposure to HTN. We conclude that is worth to investigate the canonical pathway of AHR and the expression/polymorphisms of its related genes and/or other biomarkers (e.g. tryptophan-related ligands), in order to identify patients that may benefit from an AHR-centered antihypertensive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno R Coelho
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Clara Matos
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal
| | - António B Pimpão
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal
| | - M João Correia
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Catarina O Sequeira
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Judit Morello
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Sofia A Pereira
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Emília C Monteiro
- Translational Pharmacology Lab, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa, 1169-056, Portugal
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5
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Costa de Oliveira R, Soares Pontes G, Kostyuk A, Coutinho Camargo GB, Dhyani A, Shvydenko T, Shvydenko K, Grafov A. Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Activities of a Novel Water-Soluble Derivative of Ellipticine. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092130. [PMID: 32370100 PMCID: PMC7248987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer still remains a major public health concern around the world and the search for new potential antitumor molecules is essential for fighting the disease. This study evaluated the anticancer and immunomodulatory potential of the newly synthetized ellipticine derivate: sodium bromo-5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-7-sulfonate (Br-Ell-SO3Na). It was prepared by the chlorosulfonation of 9-bromoellipticine. The ellipticine-7-sulfonic acid itself is not soluble, but its saponification with sodium hydroxide afforded a water-soluble sodium salt. The cytotoxicity of Br-Ell-SO3Na was tested against cancerous (K562 cell line) and non-cancerous cells (Vero cell line and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)) using a Methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell cycle arrest was assessed by flow cytometry and the immunomodulatory activity was analyzed through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the Br-Ell-SO3Na molecule has specific anticancer activity (IC50 = 35 µM) against the K562 cell line, once no cytotoxicity effect was verified against non-cancerous cells. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that K562 cells treated with Br-Ell-SO3Na were arrested in the phase S. Moreover, the production of IL-6 increased and the expression of IL-8 was inhibited in the human PBMC treated with Br-Ell-SO3Na. The results demonstrated that Br-Ell-SO3Na is a promising anticancer molecule attested by its noteworthy activity against the K562 tumor cell line and immunomodulatory activity in human PBMC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regiane Costa de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Av. Djalma Batista, 3578-Flores, Manaus-AM, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (G.S.P.); (G.B.C.C.)
| | - Gemilson Soares Pontes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Av. Djalma Batista, 3578-Flores, Manaus-AM, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (G.S.P.); (G.B.C.C.)
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2.936-Petrópolis-Manaus-AM, Brazil;
| | - Aleksandr Kostyuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Str. 5, 02660 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Gabriel B. Coutinho Camargo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Av. Djalma Batista, 3578-Flores, Manaus-AM, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (G.S.P.); (G.B.C.C.)
| | - Anamika Dhyani
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2.936-Petrópolis-Manaus-AM, Brazil;
| | - Tetiana Shvydenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Str. 5, 02660 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.K.); (K.S.)
- JSC “Farmak”, Kyrylivska str. 63, 04080 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
| | - Kostiantyn Shvydenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Str. 5, 02660 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.K.); (K.S.)
- JSC “Farmak”, Kyrylivska str. 63, 04080 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Grafov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
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6
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Alarcan J, Dubreil E, Huguet A, Aráoz R, Brée F, Bouaita B, Hurtaud-Pessel D, Braeuning A, Hessel-Pras S, Lampen A, Le Hégarat L, Fessard V. Metabolism of the lipophilic phycotoxin 13-Desmethylspirolide C using human and rat in vitro liver models. Toxicol Lett 2019; 307:17-25. [PMID: 30825503 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
13-Desmethylspirolide C (13-SPX-C) is a phycotoxin produced by dinoflagellates which can accumulate in shellfish. 13-SPX-C induces neurotoxic effects in rodents through blockade of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. As no human intoxication has been to date attributed to the consumption of 13-SPX-C-contaminated seafood, this toxin is not regulated according to the Codex Alimentarius. Nevertheless, shellfish consumers can be exposed to 13-SPX-C via shellfish consumption. In order to follow the fate of the toxin after ingestion and to verify whether metabolic detoxification could explain the lack of human intoxications, we assessed the metabolism of 13-SPX-C using several in vitro liver systems. First, both phase I and II reactions occurring with rat and human liver S9 fractions were screened. Our results indicated that 13-SPX-C was almost completely metabolized with both rat and human liver S9. Using a receptor binding assay towards nicotinic acetylcholine receptors we demonstrated that the resulting metabolites showed less affinity towards nicotinic acetylcholine receptors than 13-SPX-C. Finally, we showed that 13-SPX-C induced a pronounced increase of gene expression of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP) CYP1A2. The role of this CYP in 13-SPX-C metabolism was clarified using an innovative in vitro tool, CYP1A2-Silensomes™. In summary, this study highlights that liver first-pass metabolism can contribute to the detoxification of 13-SPX-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Alarcan
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, ANSES, Fougères, 35306, France; BfR, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max Dohrn Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Estelle Dubreil
- Analysis of Residues and Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, ANSES, Fougères, 35306, France.
| | - Antoine Huguet
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, ANSES, Fougères, 35306, France.
| | - Romulo Aráoz
- CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences (Neuro-PSI), UMR9197, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France; CEA/DRF/JOLIOT/SIMOPRO, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Françoise Brée
- Eurosafe, Parc d'Affaires La Bretêche, 35760, Saint Grégoire, France.
| | - Belkacem Bouaita
- Biopredic International, Parc d'Affaires La Bretêche, 35760, Saint Grégoire, France.
| | - Dominique Hurtaud-Pessel
- Analysis of Residues and Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, ANSES, Fougères, 35306, France.
| | - Albert Braeuning
- BfR, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max Dohrn Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Hessel-Pras
- BfR, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max Dohrn Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- BfR, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max Dohrn Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ludovic Le Hégarat
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, ANSES, Fougères, 35306, France.
| | - Valérie Fessard
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, ANSES, Fougères, 35306, France.
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7
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Reed L, Indra R, Mrizova I, Moserova M, Schmeiser HH, Wolf CR, Henderson CJ, Stiborova M, Phillips DH, Arlt VM. Application of hepatic cytochrome b 5/P450 reductase null (HBRN) mice to study the role of cytochrome b 5 in the cytochrome P450-mediated bioactivation of the anticancer drug ellipticine. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 366:64-74. [PMID: 30685480 PMCID: PMC6382462 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The anticancer drug ellipticine exerts its genotoxic effects after metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. The present study has examined the role of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) and cytochrome b5 (Cyb5), electron donors to P450 enzymes, in the CYP-mediated metabolism and disposition of ellipticine in vivo. We used Hepatic Reductase Null (HRN) and Hepatic Cytochrome b5/P450 Reductase Null (HBRN) mice. HRN mice have POR deleted specifically in hepatocytes; HBRN mice also have Cyb5 deleted in the liver. Mice were treated once with 10 mg/kg body weight ellipticine (n = 4/group) for 24 h. Ellipticine-DNA adduct levels measured by 32P-postlabelling were significantly lower in HRN and HBRN livers than in wild-type (WT) livers; however no significant difference was observed between HRN and HBRN livers. Ellipticine-DNA adduct formation in WT, HRN and HBRN livers correlated with Cyp1a and Cyp3a enzyme activities measured in hepatic microsomes in the presence of NADPH confirming the importance of P450 enzymes in the bioactivation of ellipticine in vivo. Hepatic microsomal fractions were also utilised in incubations with ellipticine and DNA in the presence of NADPH, cofactor for POR, and NADH, cofactor for Cyb5 reductase (Cyb5R), to examine ellipticine-DNA adduct formation. With NADPH adduct formation decreased as electron donors were lost which correlated with the formation of the reactive metabolites 12- and 13-hydroxy-ellipticine in hepatic microsomes. No difference in adduct formation was observed in the presence of NADH. Our study demonstrates that Cyb5 contributes to the P450-mediated bioactivation of ellipticine in vitro, but not in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Reed
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Mrizova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Moserova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Roland Wolf
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Colin J Henderson
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Rizvi NF, Howe JA, Nahvi A, Klein DJ, Fischmann TO, Kim HY, McCoy MA, Walker SS, Hruza A, Richards MP, Chamberlin C, Saradjian P, Butko MT, Mercado G, Burchard J, Strickland C, Dandliker PJ, Smith GF, Nickbarg EB. Discovery of Selective RNA-Binding Small Molecules by Affinity-Selection Mass Spectrometry. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:820-831. [PMID: 29412640 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in understanding the relevance of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) to disease have increased interest in drugging ncRNA with small molecules. The recent discovery of ribocil, a structurally distinct synthetic mimic of the natural ligand of the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) riboswitch, has revealed the potential chemical diversity of small molecules that target ncRNA. Affinity-selection mass spectrometry (AS-MS) is theoretically applicable to high-throughput screening (HTS) of small molecules binding to ncRNA. Here, we report the first application of the Automated Ligand Detection System (ALIS), an indirect AS-MS technique, for the selective detection of small molecule-ncRNA interactions, high-throughput screening against large unbiased small-molecule libraries, and identification and characterization of novel compounds (structurally distinct from both FMN and ribocil) that target the FMN riboswitch. Crystal structures reveal that different compounds induce various conformations of the FMN riboswitch, leading to different activity profiles. Our findings validate the ALIS platform for HTS screening for RNA-binding small molecules and further demonstrate that ncRNA can be broadly targeted by chemically diverse yet selective small molecules as therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen F. Rizvi
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - John A. Howe
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ali Nahvi
- Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Daniel J. Klein
- Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | | | - Hai-Young Kim
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mark A. McCoy
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Scott S. Walker
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Alan Hruza
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Chad Chamberlin
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peter Saradjian
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | | | - Gabriel Mercado
- Biodesy, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Julja Burchard
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | | | | | - Graham F. Smith
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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9
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Metabolism of the Marine Phycotoxin PTX-2 and Its Effects on Hepatic Xenobiotic Metabolism: Activation of Nuclear Receptors and Modulation of the Phase I Cytochrome P450. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9070212. [PMID: 28678150 PMCID: PMC5535159 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9070212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PTX-2 is a marine biotoxin frequently found in shellfish that can lead to food intoxication in humans. Information regarding PTX-2 metabolism is scarce, and little is known of its effect on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XME) or its molecular pathways. The aim of this study was consequently to examine PTX-2 Phase I metabolism using rat and human liver S9 fractions, and also to assess the capability of PTX-2: (i) to modulate the gene expression of a panel of Phase I (CYP450) and II (UGT, SULT, NAT, and GST) enzymes, as well as the Phase III or 0 (ABC and SLCO) transporters in the human hepatic HepaRG cell line using qPCR; (ii) to induce specific CYP450 in HepaRG cells measured by immunolabeling detection and the measurement of the cells’ activities; and (iii) to activate nuclear receptors and induce CYP promoter activities in HEK-T and HepG2 transfected cell lines using transactivation and reporter gene assay, respectively. Our results indicate that PTX-2 hydroxylation occurred with both rat and human S9 fractions. Whereas PTX-2 mostly upregulated the gene expression of CYP1A1 and 1A2, no induction of these two CYP activities was observed. Lastly, PTX-2 did not act as an agonist of CAR or PXR. Due to its effects on some key XME, more attention should be paid to possible drug–drug interactions with phycotoxins, especially as shellfish can accumulate several phycotoxins as well as other kinds of contaminants.
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Vélez C, Soto J, Ríos K, Silva L, Hernandez W, Rivera LA, Ortiz-Colón AI, Cox O, Zayas B. Toxicity and Apoptosis Related Effects of Benzimidazo [3,2-α] Quinolinium Salts Upon Human Lymphoma Cells. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2017; 11:54-65. [PMID: 28761559 PMCID: PMC5510565 DOI: 10.2174/1874104501711010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study evaluates novel cationic quinoline derivatives known as benzimidazo[3,2-a]quinolinium salts (BQS) named NBQ-48 and ABQ-48 that have structural similarities to known anti-cancer substances such as ellipticine and berberine. METHODS Toledo human lymphoma (ATCC CRL2631) cells were treated for 24 to 48 hours. Apoptosis related endpoints such as cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial damage, RNS and ROS generation and the activity of several apoptosis related proteins such as caspases and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) were studied using fluorescence staining and western blot respectively. RESULTS Results indicated a higher toxicity from the amino substituted ABQ-48 versus the NBQ-48 (GI50's of 50uM versus 100uM respectively). Both compounds induced cell death through various apoptosis related endpoints including a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential with an increase in ROS and activation of the effector caspase 3. Interestingly, AIF release was observed on cells treated with the amino substituted ABQ-48 but not on the nitro substituted NBQ-48 samples suggesting a caspase independent mechanism for ABQ-48. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained presents the toxic effects of two novel benzimidazo[3,2-a]quinolinium salts in human lymphoma tumor cells. The identified mechanism of action includes multiple apoptosis related effects. Furthermore the data presents a clear variation in caspase dependent or independent mechanism for each compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vélez
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Jessica Soto
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Karoline Ríos
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luz Silva
- Institute of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences Research of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Wigberto Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis A Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Ana I Ortiz-Colón
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Osvaldo Cox
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Beatriz Zayas
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Regulation of Human Cytochrome P4501A1 (hCYP1A1): A Plausible Target for Chemoprevention? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5341081. [PMID: 28105425 PMCID: PMC5220472 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5341081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human cytochrome P450 1A1 (hCYP1A1) has been an object of study due to its role in precarcinogen metabolism; for this reason it is relevant to know more in depth the mechanisms that rule out its expression and activity, which make this enzyme a target for the development of novel chemiopreventive agents. The aim of this work is to review the origin, regulation, and structural and functional characteristics of CYP1A1 letting us understand its role in the bioactivation of precarcinogen and the consequences of its modulation in other physiological processes, as well as guide us in the study of this important protein.
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Stiborová M, Moserová M, Mrízová I, Dračínská H, Martínek V, Indra R, Frei E, Adam V, Kizek R, Schmeiser HH, Kubáčková K, Arlt VM. Induced expression of microsomal cytochrome b5 determined at mRNA and protein levels in rats exposed to ellipticine, benzo[ a]pyrene, and 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan I). MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016; 147:897-904. [PMID: 27110040 PMCID: PMC4828491 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The microsomal protein cytochrome b5 , which is located in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, has been shown to modulate many reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. We investigated the influence of exposure to the anticancer drug ellipticine and to two environmental carcinogens, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan I), on the expression of cytochrome b5 in livers of rats, both at the mRNA and protein levels. We also studied the effects of these compounds on their own metabolism and the formation of DNA adducts generated by their activation metabolite(s) in vitro. The relative amounts of cytochrome b5 mRNA, measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, were induced by the test compounds up to 11.7-fold in rat livers. Western blotting using antibodies raised against cytochrome b5 showed that protein expression was induced by up to sevenfold in livers of treated rats. Microsomes isolated from livers of exposed rats catalyzed the oxidation of ellipticine, BaP, and Sudan I and the formation of DNA adducts generated by their reactive metabolite(s) more effectively than hepatic microsomes isolated from control rats. All test compounds are known to induce CYP1A1. This induction is one of the reasons responsible for increased oxidation of these xenobiotics by microsomes. However, induction of cytochrome b5 can also contribute to their enhanced metabolism. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Moserová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Mrízová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Dračínská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Martínek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Frei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - René Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kateřina Kubáčková
- Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH UK
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Kumar N, Kumar R, Nemaysh V, Lal N, Luthra PM. Bis((1,4-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methyl)amine-mediated anticancer effect triggered by sequence-specific cleavage of DNA leading to programmed cell death in the human U87 cell line. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12999d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis((1,4-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methyl)amine (DMCM) has been designed as a novel anti-cancer agent which is believed to have a sequence-specific groove binding interaction with DNA, leading to anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kumar
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research
- University of Delhi
- Delhi – 110007
- India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research
- University of Delhi
- Delhi – 110007
- India
| | - Vishal Nemaysh
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research
- University of Delhi
- Delhi – 110007
- India
| | - Neetika Lal
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research
- University of Delhi
- Delhi – 110007
- India
| | - Pratibha Mehta Luthra
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research
- University of Delhi
- Delhi – 110007
- India
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14
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Stiborová M, Černá V, Moserová M, Mrízová I, Arlt VM, Frei E. The anticancer drug ellipticine activated with cytochrome P450 mediates DNA damage determining its pharmacological efficiencies: studies with rats, Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Reductase Null (HRN™) mice and pure enzymes. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 16:284-306. [PMID: 25547492 PMCID: PMC4307247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is a DNA-damaging agent acting as a prodrug whose pharmacological efficiencies and genotoxic side effects are dictated by activation with cytochrome P450 (CYP). Over the last decade we have gained extensive experience in using pure enzymes and various animal models that helped to identify CYPs metabolizing ellipticine. In this review we focus on comparison between the in vitro and in vivo studies and show a necessity of both approaches to obtain valid information on CYP enzymes contributing to ellipticine metabolism. Discrepancies were found between the CYP enzymes activating ellipticine to 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine generating covalent DNA adducts and those detoxifying this drug to 9-hydroxy- and 7-hydroellipticine in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, formation of ellipticine-DNA adducts is dependent not only on expression levels of CYP3A, catalyzing ellipticine activation in vitro, but also on those of CYP1A that oxidize ellipticine in vitro mainly to the detoxification products. The finding showing that cytochrome b5 alters the ratio of ellipticine metabolites generated by CYP1A1/2 and 3A4 explained this paradox. Whereas the detoxification of ellipticine by CYP1A and 3A is either decreased or not changed by cytochrome b5, activation leading to ellipticine-DNA adducts increased considerably. We show that (I) the pharmacological effects of ellipticine mediated by covalent ellipticine-derived DNA adducts are dictated by expression levels of CYP1A, 3A and cytochrome b5, and its own potency to induce these enzymes in tumor tissues, (II) animal models, where levels of CYPs are either knocked out or induced are appropriate to identify CYPs metabolizing ellipticine in vivo, and (III) extrapolation from in vitro data to the situation in vivo is not always possible, confirming the need for these animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Věra Černá
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Moserová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Iveta Mrízová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environmental & Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Eva Frei
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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15
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Jeřábek P, Florián J, Stiborová M, Martínek V. Flexible docking-based molecular dynamics/steered molecular dynamics calculations of protein-protein contacts in a complex of cytochrome P450 1A2 with cytochrome b5. Biochemistry 2014; 53:6695-705. [PMID: 25313797 DOI: 10.1021/bi500814t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Formation of transient complexes of cytochrome P450 (P450) with another protein of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, cytochrome b5 (cyt b5), dictates the catalytic activities of several P450s. Therefore, we examined formation and binding modes of the complex of human P450 1A2 with cyt b5. Docking of soluble domains of these proteins was performed using an information-driven flexible docking approach implemented in HADDOCK. Stabilities of the five unique binding modes of the P450 1A2-cyt b5 complex yielded by HADDOCK were evaluated using explicit 10 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in aqueous solution. Further, steered MD was used to compare the stability of the individual P450 1A2-cyt b5 binding modes. The best binding mode was characterized by a T-shaped mutual orientation of the porphyrin rings and a 10.7 Å distance between the two redox centers, thus satisfying the condition for a fast electron transfer. Mutagenesis studies and chemical cross-linking, which, in the absence of crystal structures, were previously used to deduce specific P450-cyt b5 interactions, indicated that the negatively charged convex surface of cyt b5 binds to the positively charged concave surface of P450. Our simulations further elaborate structural details of this interface, including nine ion pairs between R95, R100, R138, R362, K442, K455, and K465 side chains of P450 1A2 and E42, E43, E49, D65, D71, and heme propionates of cyt b5. The universal heme-centric system of internal coordinates was proposed to facilitate consistent classification of the orientation of the two porphyrins in any protein complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Jeřábek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Albertov 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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16
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Stiborová M, Dračínská H, Martínek V, Svášková D, Hodek P, Milichovský J, Hejduková Ž, Brotánek J, Schmeiser HH, Frei E. Induced expression of cytochrome P450 1A and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase determined at mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity levels in rats exposed to the carcinogenic azo dye 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan I). Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:290-9. [PMID: 23289503 DOI: 10.1021/tx3004533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sudan I (1-phenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthol) is a suspected human carcinogen causing tumors in the livers and urinary bladders of rats, mice, and rabbits. Here, we investigated for the first time the influence of Sudan I exposure on the expression of several biotransformation enzymes in the livers, kidneys, and lungs of rats concomitantly at the mRNA and protein levels and assayed their enzymatic activities. We also studied its effect on the formation of Sudan I-derived DNA adducts in vitro. Sudan I increased the total amounts of cytochrome P450 (P450) in all organs tested. Western blots using antibodies raised against various P450s, NADPH:P450 reductase, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) showed that the expression of P450 1A1 and NQO1 was induced in the liver, kidney, and lung of rats treated with Sudan I. The higher protein levels correlated with increased enzyme activities of P450 1A1/2 and NQO1. Furthermore, 9.9-, 5.9-, and 2.8-fold increases in the formation of Sudan I oxidative metabolites catalyzed by microsomes isolated from the liver, kidney, and lung, respectively, of rats treated with Sudan I were found. The relative amounts of P450 1A and NQO1 mRNA, measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, demonstrated that Sudan I induced the expression of P450 1A1 and NQO1 mRNA in the liver, kidney, and lung, and of P450 1A2 mRNA in kidney and lung. Finally, microsomes isolated from livers, kidneys, and lungs of Sudan I exposed rats more effectively catalyzed the formation of Sudan I-DNA adducts than microsomes from organs of control rats. This was attributable to the higher P450 1A1 expression. Because P450 1A1 is playing a major role in the bioactivation of Sudan I in rat and human systems, its induction by Sudan I may have a profound effect on cancer risk by this azo dye. In addition, the induction of P450 1A1/2 and NQO1 enzymes can influence individual human susceptibility to other environmental carcinogens and have an effect on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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17
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O'Sullivan EC, Miller CM, Deane FM, McCarthy FO. Emerging Targets in the Bioactivity of Ellipticines and Derivatives. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62615-8.00006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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18
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Sutherland M, Gill JH, Loadman PM, Laye JP, Sheldrake HM, Illingworth NA, Alandas MN, Cooper PA, Searcey M, Pors K, Shnyder SD, Patterson LH. Antitumor Activity of a Duocarmycin Analogue Rationalized to Be Metabolically Activated by Cytochrome P450 1A1 in Human Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 12:27-37. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Stiborová M, Indra R, Moserová M, Černá V, Rupertová M, Martínek V, Eckschlager T, Kizek R, Frei E. Cytochrome b5 Increases Cytochrome P450 3A4-Mediated Activation of Anticancer Drug Ellipticine to 13-Hydroxyellipticine Whose Covalent Binding to DNA Is Elevated by Sulfotransferases and N,O-Acetyltransferases. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:1075-85. [DOI: 10.1021/tx3000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Moserová
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Černá
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Rupertová
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Martínek
- Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Eckschlager
- Department of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - René Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University,
Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Frei
- Division
of Preventive Oncology,
National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Kizek R, Adam V, Hrabeta J, Eckschlager T, Smutny S, Burda JV, Frei E, Stiborova M. Anthracyclines and ellipticines as DNA-damaging anticancer drugs: Recent advances. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 133:26-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Cytochrome b5 shifts oxidation of the anticancer drug ellipticine by cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 from its detoxication to activation, thereby modulating its pharmacological efficacy. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:669-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Ellipticine cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines - a comparative study. Interdiscip Toxicol 2011; 4:98-105. [PMID: 21753906 PMCID: PMC3131681 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-011-0017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is a potent antineoplastic agent exhibiting multiple mechanisms of action. This anticancer agent should be considered a pro-drug, whose pharmacological efficiency and/or genotoxic side effects are dependent on its cytochrome P450 (CYP)- and/or peroxidase-mediated activation to species forming covalent DNA adducts. Ellipticine can also act as an inhibitor or inducer of biotransformation enzymes, thereby modulating its own metabolism leading to its genotoxic and pharmacological effects. Here, a comparison of the toxicity of ellipticine to human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells, leukemia HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells, neuroblastoma IMR-32, UKF-NB-3 and UKF-NB-4 cells and U87MG glioblastoma cells and mechanisms of its action to these cells were evaluated. Treatment of all cells tested with ellipticine resulted in inhibition of cell growth and proliferation. This effect was associated with formation of two covalent ellipticine-derived DNA adducts, identical to those formed by 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine, the ellipticine metabolites generated by CYP and peroxidase enzymes, in MCF-7, HL-60, CCRF-CEM, UKF-NB-3, UKF-NB-4 and U87MG cells, but not in neuroblastoma UKF-NB-3 cells. Therefore, DNA adduct formation in most cancer cell lines tested in this comparative study might be the predominant cause of their sensitivity to ellipticine treatment, whereas other mechanisms of ellipticine action also contribute to its cytotoxicity to neuroblastoma UKF-NB-3 cells.
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Stiborová M, Rupertová M, Frei E. Cytochrome P450- and peroxidase-mediated oxidation of anticancer alkaloid ellipticine dictates its anti-tumor efficiency. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:175-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 05/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Mizerovská J, Dračínská H, Frei E, Schmeiser HH, Arlt VM, Stiborová M. Induction of biotransformation enzymes by the carcinogenic air-pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone in liver, kidney and lung, after intra-tracheal instillation in rats. Mutat Res 2010; 720:34-41. [PMID: 21167309 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
3-Nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA), a carcinogenic air pollutant, was investigated for its ability to induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1/2 and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) in liver, kidney and lung of rats treated by intra-tracheal instillation. The organs used were from a previous study performed to determine the persistence of 3-NBA-derived DNA adducts in target and non-target tissues (Bieler et al., Carcinogenesis 28 (2007) 1117-1121, [22]). NQO1 is the enzyme reducing 3-NBA to N-hydroxy-3-aminobenzanthrone (N-OH-3-ABA) and CYP1A enzymes oxidize a human metabolite of 3-NBA, 3-aminobenzanthrone (3-ABA), to yield the same reactive intermediate. 3-NBA and 3-ABA are both activated to species forming DNA adducts by cytosols and/or microsomes isolated from rat lung, the target organ for 3-NBA carcinogenicity, and from liver and kidney. Each compound generated the same five DNA adducts detectable by (32)P-postlabelling. When hepatic cytosols from rats treated with 0.2 or 2mg/kg body weight of 3-NBA were incubated with 3-NBA, DNA adduct formation was 3.2- and 8.6-fold higher, respectively, than in incubations with cytosols from control animals. Likewise, cytosols isolated from lungs and kidneys of rats exposed to 3-NBA more efficiently activated 3-NBA than those of control rats. This increase corresponded to an increase in protein levels and enzymatic activities of NQO1. Incubations of hepatic, pulmonary or renal microsomes of 3-NBA-treated rats with 3-ABA led to an 9.6-fold increase in DNA-adduct formation relative to controls. The highest induction in DNA-adduct levels was found in lung. The stimulation of DNA-adduct formation correlated with expression of CYP1A1/2 induced by the intra-tracheal instillation of 3-NBA. The results demonstrate that 3-NBA induces NQO1 and CYP1A1/2 in livers, lungs and kidneys of rats after intra-tracheal instillation, thereby enhancing its own genotoxic and carcinogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Mizerovská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, Czech Republic
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25
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Willemann C, Grünert R, Bednarski PJ, Troschütz R. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 5,6-heteroaromatically annulated pyridine-2,4-diamines. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:4406-19. [PMID: 19481463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5,6-heteroaromatically annulated pyridine-2,4-diamines have been synthesized and their in vitro cytotoxic activities evaluated against six human cancer cell lines. Benzo[g] annulated pyrido[2,3-b]indolediamines 7a-b and 8 showed relatively high cytotoxic activity as well as most of the diamines with pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 17, thieno[2,3-b]pyridine and furo[2,3-b]pyridine 26-28, 1,8-naphthyridine 32 and 34 and benzo[h]quinoline 37 skeletons. Surprisingly, pyrido[2,3-b]indolediamines 13 and 14 without benzo[g] annulation were inactive. None of the new compounds were as potent as ellipticine, the reference compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Willemann
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Erlangen, Germany
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Anwar-Mohamed A, Elbekai RH, El-Kadi AOS. Regulation of CYP1A1 by heavy metals and consequences for drug metabolism. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2009; 5:501-21. [DOI: 10.1517/17425250902918302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Stiborová M, Dracínská H, Martínková M, Mizerovská J, Hudecek J, Hodek P, Liberda J, Frei E, Schmeiser HH, Phillips DH, Arlt VM. 3-aminobenzanthrone, a human metabolite of the carcinogenic environmental pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone, induces biotransformation enzymes in rat kidney and lung. Mutat Res 2009; 676:93-101. [PMID: 19398038 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 04/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3-aminobenzanthrone (3-ABA) is the metabolite of the carcinogenic air pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA). 3-ABA was investigated for its ability to induce cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) in kidney and lung of rats, and for the influence of such induction on DNA adduct formation by 3-ABA and 3-NBA. NQO1 is the enzyme that reduces 3-NBA to N-hydroxy-3-aminobenzanthrone (N-OH-3-ABA) and CYP1A enzymes oxidize 3-ABA to the same intermediate. When activated by cytosolic and and/or microsomal fractions isolated from rat lung, the target organ for 3-NBA carcinogenicity, and kidney, both compounds generated the same DNA-adduct pattern, consisting of five adducts. When pulmonary cytosols isolated from rats that had been treated i.p. with 40 mg/kg bw of 3-ABA were incubated with 3-NBA, DNA adduct formation was up to 1.7-fold higher than in incubations with cytosols from control animals. This increase corresponded to an increase in protein level and enzymatic activity of NQO1. In contrast, no induction of NQO1 expression by 3-ABA treatment was found in the kidney. Incubations of 3-ABA with renal and pulmonary microsomes of 3-ABA-treated rats led to an increase of up to a 4.5-fold in DNA-adduct formation relative to controls. The stimulation of DNA-adduct formation correlated with a higher protein expression and activity of CYP1A1 induced by 3-ABA. These results show that by inducing lung and kidney CYP1A1 and NQO1, 3-ABA increases its own enzymatic activation as well as that of the environmental pollutant, 3-NBA, thereby enhancing the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of both compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Aimová D, Poljaková J, Kotrbová V, Moserová M, Frei E, Arlt VM, Stiborová M. Ellipticine and benzo(a)pyrene increase their own metabolic activation via modulation of expression and enzymatic activity of cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2. Interdiscip Toxicol 2008; 1:160-8. [PMID: 21218107 PMCID: PMC2993483 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-010-0033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two compounds known to covalently bind to DNA after their activation with cytochromes P450 (CYPs), carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and an antineoplastic agent ellipticine, were investigated for their potential to induce CYP and NADPH:CYP reductase (POR) enzymes in rodent livers, the main target organ for DNA adduct formation. Two animal models were used in the study: (i) rats as animals mimicking the fate of ellipticine in humans and (ii) mice, especially wild-type (WT) and hepatic POR null (HRN™) mouse lines. Ellipticine and BaP induce expression of CYP1A enzymes in livers of experimental models, which leads to increase in their enzymatic activity. In addition, both compounds are capable of generating DNA adducts, predominantly in livers of studied organisms. As determined by (32)P postlabelling analysis, levels of ellipticine-derived DNA adducts formed in vivo in the livers of HRN™ mice were reduced (by up to 65%) relative to levels in WT mice, indicating that POR mediated CYP enzyme activity is important for the activation of ellipticine. In contrast to these results, 6.4 fold higher DNA binding of BaP was observed in the livers of HRN™ mice than in WT mice. This finding suggests a detoxication role of CYP1A in BaP metabolism in vivo. In in vitro experiments, DNA adduct formation in calf thymus DNA was up to 25 fold higher in incubations of ellipticine or BaP with microsomes from pretreated animals than with controls. This stimulation effect was attributed to induction of CYP1A1/2 enzymes, which are responsible for oxidative activation of both compounds to the metabolites generating major DNA adducts in vitro. Taken together, these results demonstrate that by inducing CYP1A1/2, ellipticine and BaP modulate their own enzymatic metabolic activation and detoxication, thereby modulating their either pharmacological (ellipticine) and/or genotoxic potential (both compounds).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Aimová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Jitka Poljaková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Věra Kotrbová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Michaela Moserová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Eva Frei
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, GERMANY
| | - Volker M. Arlt
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Institute of Cancer Research, Brookes Lawley Building, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, CZECH REPUBLIC
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Stiborová M, Arlt VM, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR, Kotrbová V, Moserová M, Hudeček J, Phillips DH, Frei E. Role of hepatic cytochromes P450 in bioactivation of the anticancer drug ellipticine: Studies with the hepatic NADPH:Cytochrome P450 reductase null mouse. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008; 226:318-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 09/14/2007] [Accepted: 09/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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