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Zhang YN, Zhu GH, Liu W, Xiong Y, Hu Q, Zhuang XY, Jia GH, Zhang WD, Ge GB. Discovery and characterization of the covalent SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro inhibitors from Ginkgo biloba extract via integrating chemoproteomic and biochemical approaches. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154796. [PMID: 37037086 PMCID: PMC10052880 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 3C-like proteases (3CLpros) are cysteine-rich homodimeric proteins and can be covalently modified by numerous natural and synthetic compounds, which in turn, block the proteolytic activity or the formation of enzymatically active dimeric forms. Although herbal medicines have been widely used to treat COVID-19, identification of the key herbal constituents that can covalently modify the 3CLpros in β-coronaviruses (CoVs) remains a big challenge. AIMS To construct a comprehensive approach for efficient discovering the covalent SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors from herbal medicines. To decipher the key anti-SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro constituents in Ginkgo biloba extract 50 (GBE50) and to study their anti-SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro mechanisms. METHODS SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibition assay including time-dependent inhibition assays and inactivation kinetic analyses were conducted using a fluorescence-based biochemical assay. The constituents in GBE50 were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. The peptides modified by herbal constituents were characterized by using nanoLC-MS/MS. RESULTS Following testing the anti-SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro effects of 104 herbal medicines, it was found that Ginkgo biloba extract 50 (GBE50) potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro in dose- and time-dependent manners. A total of 38 constituents were identified from GBE50 by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS, while 26 peptides modified by 18 constituents were identified by chemoproteomic profiling. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro effects of 18 identified covalent inhibitors were then validated by performing time-dependent inhibition assays. The results clearly demonstrated that most tested constituents showed time-dependent inhibition on SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, while gallocatechin and sciadopitysin displayed the most potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro effects. CONCLUSION Collectively, GBE50 and some constituents in this herbal product could strongly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro in dose- and time-dependent manner. Gallocatechin and sciadopitysin were identified as potent SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors, which offers promising lead compounds for the development of novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ni Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guang-Hao Zhu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Clinical Pharmacy Center, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhuang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Gui-Hua Jia
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Khan A, Heng W, Imran K, Zhu G, Ji J, Zhang Y, Guan X, Ge G, Wei DQ. Discovery of Isojacareubin as a covalent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease using structural and experimental approaches. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28542. [PMID: 36727647 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic with the emergence of immune evasion potential and, particularly, the current omicron subvariants intensified the situation further. Although vaccines are available, the immune evasion capabilities of the recent variants demand further efficient therapeutic choices to control the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Hence, considering the necessity of the small molecule inhibitor, we target the main protease (3CLpro), which is an appealing target for the development of antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2. High-throughput molecular in silico screening of South African natural compounds database reported Isojacareubin and Glabranin as the potential inhibitors for the main protease. The calculated docking scores were reported to be -8.47 and -8.03 kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, the structural dynamic assessment reported that Isojacareubin in complex with 3CLpro exhibit a more stable dynamic behavior than Glabranin. Inhibition assay indicated that Isojacareubin could inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 16.00 ± 1.35 μM (60 min incubation). Next, the covalent binding sites of Isojacareubin on SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro was identified by biomass spectrometry, which reported that Isojacareubin can covalently bind to thiols or Cysteine through Michael addition. To evaluate the inactivation potency of Isojacareubin, the inactivation kinetics was further investigated. The inactivation kinetic curves were plotted according to various concentrations with gradient-ascending incubation times. The KI value of Isojacareubin was determined as 30.71 μM, whereas the Kinact value was calculated as 0.054 min-1 . These results suggest that Isojacareubin is a covalent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro .
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biological Statistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Zhongjing Research and Industrialization Institute of Chinese Medicine, Zhongguancun Scientific Park, Meixi, Nayang, Henan, P.R., China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R., China
| | - Wang Heng
- International School of Cosmetics, School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, P.R., China
| | - Kashif Imran
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Guanghao Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ji
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, P.R., China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Vanke Cloud City, Nashan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R., China
| | - Xiaoqing Guan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biological Statistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Zhongjing Research and Industrialization Institute of Chinese Medicine, Zhongguancun Scientific Park, Meixi, Nayang, Henan, P.R., China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R., China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Vanke Cloud City, Nashan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R., China
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Wang R, Hu Q, Wang H, Zhu G, Wang M, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Li C, Zhang Y, Ge G, Chen H, Chen L. Identification of Vitamin K3 and its analogues as covalent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:182-192. [PMID: 33901557 PMCID: PMC8064871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
After the emergence of the pandemic, repurposed drugs have been considered as a quicker way of finding potential antiviral agents. SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro is essential for processing the viral polyproteins into mature non-structural proteins, making it an attractive target for developing antiviral agents. Here we show that Vitamin K3 screened from the FDA-Approved Drug Library containing an array of 1,018 compounds has potent inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro with the IC50 value of 4.78 ± 1.03 μM, rather than Vitamin K1, K2 and K4. Next, the time-dependent inhibitory experiment was carried out to confirm that Vitamin K3 could form the covalent bond with SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. Then we analyzed the structure-activity relationship of Vitamin K3 analogues and identified 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone with 9.8 times higher inhibitory activity than Vitamin K3. Further mass spectrometric analysis and molecular docking study verified the covalent binding between Vitamin K3 or 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. Thus, our findings provide valuable information for further optimization and design of novel inhibitors based on Vitamin K3 and its analogues, which may have the potential to fight against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haonan Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guanghao Zhu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengge Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yishu Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Xiong Y, Zhu GH, Zhang YN, Hu Q, Wang HN, Yu HN, Qin XY, Guan XQ, Xiang YW, Tang H, Ge GB. Flavonoids in Ampelopsis grossedentata as covalent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro: Inhibition potentials, covalent binding sites and inhibitory mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:976-987. [PMID: 34333006 PMCID: PMC8322037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus 3C-like protease (3CLpro) is a crucial target for treating coronavirus diseases including COVID-19. Our preliminary screening showed that Ampelopsis grossedentata extract (AGE) displayed potent SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro inhibitory activity, but the key constituents with SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro inhibitory effect and their mechanisms were unrevealed. Herein, a practical strategy via integrating bioactivity-guided fractionation and purification, mass spectrometry-based peptide profiling and time-dependent biochemical assay, was applied to identify the crucial constituents in AGE and to uncover their inhibitory mechanisms. The results demonstrated that the flavonoid-rich fractions (10-17.5 min) displayed strong SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro inhibitory activities, while the constituents in these fractions were isolated and their SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro inhibitory activities were investigated. Among all isolated flavonoids, dihydromyricetin, isodihydromyricetin and myricetin strongly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro in a time-dependent manner. Further investigations demonstrated that myricetin could covalently bind on SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro at Cys300 and Cys44, while dihydromyricetin and isodihydromyricetin covalently bound at Cys300. Covalent docking coupling with molecular dynamics simulations showed the detailed interactions between the orthoquinone form of myricetin and two covalent binding sites (surrounding Cys300 and Cys44) of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. Collectively, the flavonoids in AGE strongly and time-dependently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, while the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors in AGE offer promising lead compounds for developing novel antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guang-Hao Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Ni Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Nan Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Nan Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Qin
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Guan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Wei Xiang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Espiritu MJ, Chen J, Yadav J, Larkin M, Pelletier RD, Chan JM, Gc JB, Natesan S, Harrelson JP. Mechanisms of Herb-Drug Interactions Involving Cinnamon and CYP2A6: Focus on Time-Dependent Inhibition by Cinnamaldehyde and 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:1028-1043. [PMID: 32788161 PMCID: PMC7543486 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Information is scarce regarding pharmacokinetic-based herb-drug interactions (HDI) with trans-cinnamaldehyde (CA) and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCA), components of cinnamon. Given the presence of cinnamon in food and herbal treatments for various diseases, HDIs involving the CYP2A6 substrates nicotine and letrozole with MCA (KS = 1.58 µM; Hill slope = 1.16) and CA were investigated. The time-dependent inhibition (TDI) by MCA and CA of CYP2A6-mediated nicotine metabolism is a complex process involving multiple mechanisms. Molecular dynamic simulations showed that CYP2A6's active site accommodates two dynamic ligands. The preferred binding orientations for MCA and CA were consistent with the observed metabolism: epoxidation, O-demethylation, and aromatic hydroxylation of MCA and cinnamic acid formation from CA. The percent remaining activity plots for TDI by MCA and CA were curved, and they were analyzed with a numerical method using models of varying complexity. The best-fit models support multiple inactivator binding, inhibitor depletion, and partial inactivation. Deconvoluted mass spectra indicated that MCA and CA modified CYP2A6 apoprotein with mass additions of 156.79 (142.54-171.04) and 132.67 (123.37-141.98), respectively, and it was unaffected by glutathione. Heme degradation was observed in the presence of MCA (48.5% ± 13.4% loss; detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). In the absence of clinical data, HDI predictions were made for nicotine and letrozole using inhibition parameters from the best-fit TDI models and parameters scaled from rats. Predicted area under the concentration-time curve fold changes were 4.29 (CA-nicotine), 4.92 (CA-letrozole), 4.35 (MCA-nicotine), and 5.00 (MCA-letrozole). These findings suggest that extensive exposure to cinnamon (corresponding to ≈ 275 mg CA) would lead to noteworthy interactions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Human exposure to cinnamon is common because of its presence in food and cinnamon-based herbal treatments. Little is known about the risk for cinnamaldehyde and methoxycinnamaldehyde, two components of cinnamon, to interact with drugs that are eliminated by CYP2A6-mediated metabolism. The interactions with CYP2A6 are complex, involving multiple-ligand binding, time-dependent inhibition of nicotine metabolism, heme degradation, and apoprotein modification. An herb-drug interaction prediction suggests that extensive exposure to cinnamon would lead to noteworthy interactions with nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Espiritu
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - Justin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - Jaydeep Yadav
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - Michael Larkin
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - Robert D Pelletier
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - Jeannine M Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - Jeevan B Gc
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - Senthil Natesan
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
| | - John P Harrelson
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, Hillsboro, Oregon (M.J.E., M.L., J.P.H.); College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.C., J.B.G., S.N.); Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.Y.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (R.D.P.); and Chemistry Department, Pacific University Oregon, Forest Grove, Oregon (J.M.C.)
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Kaoud TS, Johnson WH, Ebelt ND, Piserchio A, Zamora-Olivares D, Van Ravenstein SX, Pridgen JR, Edupuganti R, Sammons R, Cano M, Warthaka M, Harger M, Tavares CDJ, Park J, Radwan MF, Ren P, Anslyn EV, Tsai KY, Ghose R, Dalby KN. Modulating multi-functional ERK complexes by covalent targeting of a recruitment site in vivo. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5232. [PMID: 31745079 PMCID: PMC6863825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the targeting of ERK with ATP-competitive inhibitors has emerged as a potential clinical strategy to overcome acquired resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitor combination therapies. In this study, we investigate an alternative strategy of targeting the D-recruitment site (DRS) of ERK. The DRS is a conserved region that lies distal to the active site and mediates ERK-protein interactions. We demonstrate that the small molecule BI-78D3 binds to the DRS of ERK2 and forms a covalent adduct with a conserved cysteine residue (C159) within the pocket and disrupts signaling in vivo. BI-78D3 does not covalently modify p38MAPK, JNK or ERK5. BI-78D3 promotes apoptosis in BRAF inhibitor-naive and resistant melanoma cells containing a BRAF V600E mutation. These studies provide the basis for designing modulators of protein-protein interactions involving ERK, with the potential to impact ERK signaling dynamics and to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ERK-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer S Kaoud
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - William H Johnson
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Nancy D Ebelt
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrea Piserchio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Sabrina X Van Ravenstein
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jacey R Pridgen
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Edupuganti
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Rachel Sammons
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Micael Cano
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Mangalika Warthaka
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Matthew Harger
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Clint D J Tavares
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jihyun Park
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed F Radwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pengyu Ren
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Ranajeet Ghose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Graduate Programs in Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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Khan H, Ullah H, Nabavi SM. Mechanistic insights of hepatoprotective effects of curcumin: Therapeutic updates and future prospects. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 124:182-191. [PMID: 30529260 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the most essential organ of the body performing vital functions. Hepatic disorders affect the physiological and biochemical functions of the body. These disorders include hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), liver cirrhosis, hepatic failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Drugs related hepatotoxicity is one of the major challenges facing by clinicians as it is a leading cause of liver failure. During post-marketing surveillance studies, detection and reporting of drug-induced hepatotoxicity may lead to drug withdrawal or warnings. Several mechanisms are involved in hepatotoxicity such as cell membrane disruption, initiating an immune response, alteration of cellular pathways of drug metabolism, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and cell death. Curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric and exhibits therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and various types of cancers. Curcumin is strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and thus it possesses hepatoprotective properties. Despite its low bioavailability, its hepatoprotective effects have been studied in various protocols of hepatotoxicity including acetaminophen, alcohol, lindane, carbon tetrachloride (CCL4), diethylnitrosamine and heavy metals induced hepatotoxicities. This report reviews the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin with a focus on its mechanistic insights in various hepatotoxic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Seyed M Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ho HK, Chan JCY, Hardy KD, Chan ECY. Mechanism-based inactivation of CYP450 enzymes: a case study of lapatinib. Drug Metab Rev 2015; 47:21-8. [PMID: 25639891 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2014.1003648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of CYP450 enzymes is a unique form of inhibition in which the enzymatic machinery of the victim is responsible for generation of the reactive metabolite. This precondition sets up a time-dependency for the inactivation process, a hallmark feature that characterizes all MBI. Yet, MBI itself is a complex biochemical phenomenon that operates in different modes, namely, covalent binding to apoprotein, covalent binding of the porphyrin group and also complexation of the catalytic iron. Using lapatinib as a recent example of toxicological interest, we present an example of a mixed-function MBI that can confound clinical drug-drug interactions manifestation. Lapatinib exhibits both covalent binding to the apoprotein and formation of a metabolite-intermediate complex in an enzyme-selective manner (CYP3A4 versus CYP3A5), each with different reactive metabolites. The clinical implication of this effect is also contingent upon genetic polymorphisms of the enzyme involved as well as the co-administration of other substrates, inhibitors or inducers, culminating in drug-drug interactions. This understanding recapitulates the importance of applying isoform-specific mechanistic investigations to develop customized strategies to manage such outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Kiat Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore , Singapore and
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Dalvie D, Kalgutkar AS, Chen W. Practical approaches to resolving reactive metabolite liabilities in early discovery. Drug Metab Rev 2014; 47:56-70. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2014.984813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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