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Samizo S, Kaneko H. Predictive Modeling of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitory Activity and Design of New HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27247-27255. [PMID: 37546661 PMCID: PMC10399166 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
As blood cholesterol increases, it accumulates in the intima of blood vessels, elevating the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Drugs that inhibit enzymes essential for cholesterol synthesis are effective in improving blood cholesterol levels. Statins are used to treat hypercholesterolemia as they inhibit 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR), the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Statins are known to exert their effects by translocating to the liver, where they are taken up by the organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1). Therefore, we hypothesized that a compound with high HMGR inhibitory activity and high affinity for OATP1B1 would be an excellent new therapeutic agent for hypercholesterolemia with increased liver selectivity and fewer side effects. In this study, we developed two models for predicting HMGR inhibitory activity and OATP1B1 affinity to propose the chemical structure of a new therapeutic agent for hypercholesterolemia with both high inhibitory activity and high liver selectivity. HMGR inhibitory activity and OATP1B1 affinity prediction models were constructed with high prediction accuracy for the test data: r2 = 0.772 and 0.768, respectively. New chemical structures were then input into these models to search for candidate compounds. We found compounds with higher HMGR inhibitory activity and OATP1B1 affinity than rosuvastatin, the most recently developed statin drug, and compounds that did not have a common structure of statins with high HMGR inhibitory activity.
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Cintra M, Pedraza Cezón LA, Martín Navarro JA, Torres Aguilera E, Albalate Ramón M, Alcázar Arroyo R, Procaccini F, Puerta Carretero M, Ortega Díaz M, Medina Zahonero L, Jaldo Rodríguez MT, de Sequera P. Acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis in relation to abiraterone and rosuvastatin. Nefrologia 2023; 43:374-376. [PMID: 37500306 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Cintra
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain.
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Marie S, Frost KL, Hau RK, Martinez-Guerrero L, Izu JM, Myers CM, Wright SH, Cherrington NJ. Predicting disruptions to drug pharmacokinetics and the risk of adverse drug reactions in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1-28. [PMID: 36815037 PMCID: PMC9939324 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver plays a central role in the pharmacokinetics of drugs through drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) causes disease-specific alterations to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes, including a decrease in protein expression of basolateral uptake transporters, an increase in efflux transporters, and modifications to enzyme activity. This can result in increased drug exposure and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Our goal was to predict drugs that pose increased risks for ADRs in NASH patients. Bibliographic research identified 71 drugs with reported ADRs in patients with liver disease, mainly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 54 of which are known substrates of transporters and/or metabolizing enzymes. Since NASH is the progressive form of NAFLD but is most frequently undiagnosed, we identified other drugs at risk based on NASH-specific alterations to ADME processes. Here, we present another list of 71 drugs at risk of pharmacokinetic disruption in NASH, based on their transport and/or metabolism processes. It encompasses drugs from various pharmacological classes for which ADRs may occur when used in NASH patients, especially when eliminated through multiple pathways altered by the disease. Therefore, these results may inform clinicians regarding the selection of drugs for use in NASH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Marie
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Kayla L. Frost
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Raymond K. Hau
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Lucy Martinez-Guerrero
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Jailyn M. Izu
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Cassandra M. Myers
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Stephen H. Wright
- College of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Nathan J. Cherrington
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA,Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 520 6260219; fax: +1 520 6266944.
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Dawed AY, Yee SW, Zhou K, van Leeuwen N, Zhang Y, Siddiqui MK, Etheridge A, Innocenti F, Xu F, Li JH, Beulens JW, van der Heijden AA, Slieker RC, Chang YC, Mercader JM, Kaur V, Witte JS, Lee MTM, Kamatani Y, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Palmer CN, Florez JC, Hedderson MM, 't Hart LM, Giacomini KM, Pearson ER. Response to Comment on Dawed et al. Genome-Wide Meta-analysis Identifies Genetic Variants Associated With Glycemic Response to Sulfonylureas. Diabetes Care 2021;44:2673-2682. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:e82-e83. [PMID: 35349657 PMCID: PMC9016729 DOI: 10.2337/dci21-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adem Y. Dawed
- Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - Sook Wah Yee
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kaixin Zhou
- Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - Nienke van Leeuwen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA
| | - Moneeza K. Siddiqui
- Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - Amy Etheridge
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Federico Innocenti
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Fei Xu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Josephine H. Li
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
| | - Joline W. Beulens
- Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amber A. van der Heijden
- Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roderick C. Slieker
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yu-Chuan Chang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Josep M. Mercader
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
| | - Varinderpal Kaur
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
| | - John S. Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Colin N.A. Palmer
- Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Monique M. Hedderson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Leen M. 't Hart
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Section Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kathleen M. Giacomini
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ewan R. Pearson
- Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
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Yin M, Storelli F, Unadkat JD. Is The Protein-Mediated Uptake Of Drugs By OATPs A Real Phenomenon Or An Artifact?. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:1132-1141. [PMID: 35351775 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma proteins or human serum albumin (HSA) have been reported to increase the in vitro intrinsic uptake clearance (CLint,uptake) of drugs by hepatocytes or organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)-transfected cell lines. This, so called protein-mediated uptake effect (PMUE), is thought to be due to an interaction between the drug-protein complex and the cell membrane causing an increase in the unbound drug concentration at the cell surface resulting in an increase in the apparent CLint,uptake of the drug. To determine if the PMUE on OATP-mediated drug uptake is an artifact or a real phenomenon, we determined the effect of 1%, 2% and 5% HSA on OATP1B1-mediated (HEK293 transfected cells) and passive CLint,uptake (MOCK HEK293 cells) of a cocktail of five statins. In addition, we determined the non-specific binding (NSB) of the statin-HSA complex to the cells/labware. The increase in uptake of atorvastatin, fluvastatin and rosuvastatin in the presence of HSA was completely explained by the extent of NSB of the statin-HSA complex, indicating that the PMUE for these statins is an artifact. In contrast, this was not the case for OATP1B1-mediated uptake of pitavastatin and passive uptake of cerivastatin suggesting that the PMUE is a real phenomenon for these drugs. Additionally, the PMUE on OATP1B1-mediated uptake of pitavastatin was confirmed by a decrease in its unbound IC50 in the presence of 5% HSA vs. HBSS buffer. These data question the utility of routinely including plasma proteins or HSA in uptake experiments and the previous findings on PMUE on OATP-mediated drug uptake. Significance Statement Here we report, for the first time, that the protein-mediated uptake effect (PMUE) on OATP-transported drugs could be an artifact of the non-specific binding (NSB) of the drug-albumin complex to cells/labware. Future experiments on PMUE must take into consideration such NSB. In addition, mechanisms other than PMUE need to be explored to explain the underprediction of in vivo OATP-mediated hepatic drug CL from in vitro uptake studies.
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Cintra M, Pedraza Cezón LA, Martín Navarro JA, Torres Aguilera E, Albalate Ramón M, Alcázar Arroyo R, Procaccini F, Puerta Carretero M, Ortega Díaz M, Medina Zahonero L, Jaldo Rodríguez MT, de Sequera P. Acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis in relation to abiraterone and rosuvastatin. Nefrologia 2021; 43:S0211-6995(21)00165-X. [PMID: 34503863 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Cintra
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España.
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Zhang L, Sarangi V, Ho MF, Moon I, Kalari KR, Wang L, Weinshilboum RM. SLCO1B1: Application and Limitations of Deep Mutational Scanning for Genomic Missense Variant Function. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:395-404. [PMID: 33658230 PMCID: PMC8042483 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SLCO1B1 (solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1) is an important transmembrane hepatic uptake transporter. Genetic variants in the SLCO1B1 gene have been associated with altered protein folding, resulting in protein degradation and decreased transporter activity. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of pharmacogenes is being applied increasingly to associate variation in drug response with genetic sequence variants. However, it is difficult to link variants of unknown significance with functional phenotypes using "one-at-a-time" functional systems. Deep mutational scanning (DMS) using a "landing pad cell-based system" is a high-throughput technique designed to analyze hundreds of gene open reading frame (ORF) missense variants in a parallel and scalable fashion. We have applied DMS to analyze 137 missense variants in the SLCO1B1 ORF obtained from the Exome Aggregation Consortium project. ORFs containing these variants were fused to green fluorescent protein and were integrated into "landing pad" cells. Florescence-activated cell sorting was performed to separate the cells into four groups based on fluorescence readout indicating protein expression at the single cell level. NGS was then performed and SLCO1B1 variant frequencies were used to determine protein abundance. We found that six variants not previously characterized functionally displayed less than 25% and another 12 displayed approximately 50% of wild-type protein expression. These results were then functionally validated by transporter studies. Severely damaging variants identified by DMS may have clinical relevance for SLCO1B1-dependent drug transport, but we need to exercise caution since the relatively small number of severely damaging variants identified raise questions with regard to the application of DMS to intrinsic membrane proteins such as organic anion transporter protein 1B1. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The functional implications of a large numbers of open reading frame (ORF) "variants of unknown significance" (VUS) in transporter genes have not been characterized. This study applied deep mutational scanning to determine the functional effects of VUS that have been observed in the ORF of SLCO1B1(s olute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1). Several severely damaging variants were identified, studied, and validated. These observations have implications for both the application of deep mutational scanning to intrinsic membrane proteins and for the clinical effect of drugs and endogenous compounds transported by SLCO1B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxin Zhang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., M.-F.H., I.M., L.W., R.M.W.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (V.S., K.R.K.), and Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine (L.W., R.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Vivekananda Sarangi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., M.-F.H., I.M., L.W., R.M.W.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (V.S., K.R.K.), and Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine (L.W., R.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ming-Fen Ho
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., M.-F.H., I.M., L.W., R.M.W.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (V.S., K.R.K.), and Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine (L.W., R.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Irene Moon
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., M.-F.H., I.M., L.W., R.M.W.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (V.S., K.R.K.), and Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine (L.W., R.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Krishna R Kalari
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., M.-F.H., I.M., L.W., R.M.W.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (V.S., K.R.K.), and Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine (L.W., R.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Liewei Wang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., M.-F.H., I.M., L.W., R.M.W.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (V.S., K.R.K.), and Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine (L.W., R.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Richard M Weinshilboum
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., M.-F.H., I.M., L.W., R.M.W.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (V.S., K.R.K.), and Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine (L.W., R.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Noorlander A, Fabian E, van Ravenzwaay B, Rietjens IMCM. Novel testing strategy for prediction of rat biliary excretion of intravenously administered estradiol-17β glucuronide. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:91-102. [PMID: 33159584 PMCID: PMC7811516 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop a generic rat physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model that includes a novel testing strategy where active biliary excretion is incorporated using estradiol-17β glucuronide (E217βG) as the model substance. A major challenge was the definition of the scaling factor for the in vitro to in vivo conversion of the PBK-model parameter Vmax. In vitro values for the Vmax and Km for transport of E217βG were found in the literature in four different studies based on experiments with primary rat hepatocytes. The required scaling factor was defined based on fitting the PBK model-based predicted values to reported experimental data on E217βG blood levels and cumulative biliary E217βG excretion. This resulted in a scaling factor of 129 mg protein/g liver. With this scaling factor the PBK model predicted the in vivo data for blood and cumulative biliary E217βG levels with on average of less than 1.8-fold deviation. The study provides a proof of principle on how biliary excretion can be included in a generic PBK model using primary hepatocytes to define the kinetic parameters that describe the biliary excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Noorlander
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Eric Fabian
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | - Ivonne M C M Rietjens
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Kayesh R, Farasyn T, Crowe A, Liu Q, Pahwa S, Alam K, Neuhoff S, Hatley O, Ding K, Yue W. Assessing OATP1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Vemurafenib Using R-Value and Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Models. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:314-324. [PMID: 32590030 PMCID: PMC7750294 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 are important determinants of transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Current studies assessed the OATP1B1 and OATP1B3-mediated DDI potential of vemurafenib, a kinase inhibitor drug with high protein binding and low aqueous solubility, using R-value and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. The total half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50,total) values of vemurafenib against OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 were determined in 100% human plasma in transporter-overexpressing human embryonic kidney 293 stable cell lines. The unbound fraction of vemurafenib in human plasma before (fu,plasma) and after addition into the uptake assay plate (fu,plasma,inc) were determined by rapid equilibrium dialysis. There was no statistically significant difference between fu,plasma and fu,plasma,inc. Vemurafenib IC50,total values against OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 are 175 ± 82 and 231 ± 26 μM, respectively. The R-values [R = 1 + fu,plasma × Iin,max/(fu,plasma,inc × IC50,total)] were then simplified as R = 1+Iin,max/IC50,total, and were 1.76 and 1.57 for OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, respectively. The simulated pravastatin AUC ratio was 1.28 when a single dose of pravastatin (40 mg) was co-administered with vemurafenib (960 mg, twice daily) at steady-state, compared to pravastatin alone. Both R-value and PBPK models predict that vemurafenib has the potential to cause OATP1B1- and OATP1B3-mediated DDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhul Kayesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Taleah Farasyn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Alexandra Crowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Qiang Liu
- ARL Bio Pharma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Sonia Pahwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Khondoker Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Sibylle Neuhoff
- Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield, S1 2BJ United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Hatley
- Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield, S1 2BJ United Kingdom
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104.
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Rifampicin Transport by OATP1B1 Variants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.00955-20. [PMID: 32690641 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00955-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the OATP1B1 transporter have been suggested to partially explain the large interindividual variation in rifampicin exposure. HEK293 cells overexpressing wild-type (WT) or OATP1B1 variants *1b, *4, *5, and *15 were used to determine the in vitro rifampicin intrinsic clearance. For OATP1B1*5 and *15, a 36% and 42% reduction in intrinsic clearance, respectively, compared to WT was found. We consider that these differences in intrinsic clearance most likely have minor clinical implications.
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Ould-Nana I, Cillis M, Gizzi M, Gillion V, Hantson P, Gérard L. Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury induced by the association of rosuvastatin and abiraterone: A case report and review of the literature. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2020; 27:216-219. [DOI: 10.1177/1078155220923001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Abiraterone acetate is an inhibitor of androgens biosynthesis, approved as first-line treatment in castration-resistant prostate cancer and metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Abiraterone has been rarely associated with severe rhabdomyolysis, but the mechanism of muscle toxicity is unknown. Case report We hereby present a case of severe rhabdomyolysis resulting in acute on chronic kidney injury following abiraterone initiation in a patient previously under rosuvastatin. Management and outcome Rhabdomyolysis was resolutive after rosuvastatin and abiraterone discontinuation, and kidney function recovered. There was no recurrence of muscle toxicity after re-initiation of abiraterone alone. Discussion Abiraterone selectively inhibits CYP17 as well as the hepatic transporter OATP1B1. OATP1B1 is an efflux transporter, whose function is to extract several drugs from the portal blood, allowing them to undergo hepatic metabolism. We hypothesize that abiraterone-induced inhibition of plasmatic uptake of rosuvastatin by OATP1B1 increased plasmatic concentration of rosuvastatin, leading to toxicity on muscle cells. We therefore suggest that the association between rosuvastatin and abiraterone should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ould-Nana
- Department of Intensive Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marine Cillis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Gizzi
- Department of Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentine Gillion
- Department of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Hantson
- Department of Intensive Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Gérard
- Department of Intensive Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Bowman CM, Chen E, Chen L, Chen YC, Liang X, Wright M, Chen Y, Mao J. Changes in Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide Uptake in HEK293 Overexpressing Cells in the Presence and Absence of Human Plasma. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 48:18-24. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.088948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Chen L, Liu L, Chen Y, Liu M, Xiong Y, Zhang H, Huang S, Xia C. Modulation of transporter activity of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 by the major active components of Radix Ophiopogonis. Xenobiotica 2019; 49:1221-1228. [PMID: 29944058 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1493757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Radix Ophiopogonis is often an integral part of many traditional Chinese formulas, such as Shenmai injection used to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the four active components of Radix Ophiopogonis on the transport activity of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. The uptake of rosuvastatin in OATP1B1-HEK293T cells were stimulated by methylophiopogonanone A (MA) and ophiopogonin D' (OPD') with EC50 calculated to be 11.33 ± 2.78 and 4.62 ± 0.64 μM, respectively. However, there were no remarkable influences on rosuvastatin uptake in the presence of methylophiopogonanone B (MB) or ophiopogonin D (OPD). The uptake of atorvastatin in OATP1B1-HEK293T cells can be increased by MA, MB, OPD and OPD' with EC50 calculated to be 6.00 ± 1.60, 13.64 ± 4.07, 10.41 ± 1.28 and 3.68 ± 0.85 μM, respectively. The uptake of rosuvastatin in OATP1B3-HEK293T cells was scarcely influenced by MA, MB and OPD, but was considerably increased by OPD' with an EC50 of 14.95 ± 1.62 μM. However, the uptake of telmisartan in OATP1B3-HEK293T cells was notably reduced by OPD' with an IC50 of 4.44 ± 1.10 μM, and barely affected by MA, MB and OPD. The four active components of Radix Ophiopogonis affect the transporting activitives of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 in a substrate-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- a Clinical Pharmacology Institute , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China.,b Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of TCM , Nanchang , China
| | - Linlin Liu
- b Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of TCM , Nanchang , China
| | - Yu Chen
- a Clinical Pharmacology Institute , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Mingyi Liu
- a Clinical Pharmacology Institute , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Yuqing Xiong
- a Clinical Pharmacology Institute , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Hong Zhang
- a Clinical Pharmacology Institute , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Shibo Huang
- a Clinical Pharmacology Institute , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Chunhua Xia
- a Clinical Pharmacology Institute , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
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14
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Crowe A, Zheng W, Miller J, Pahwa S, Alam K, Fung KM, Rubin E, Yin F, Ding K, Yue W. Characterization of Plasma Membrane Localization and Phosphorylation Status of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 c.521 T>C Nonsynonymous Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism. Pharm Res 2019; 36:101. [PMID: 31093828 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Membrane transport protein organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 mediates hepatic uptake of many drugs (e.g. statins). The OATP1B1 c.521 T > C (p. V174A) polymorphism has reduced transport activity. Conflicting in vitro results exist regarding whether V174A-OATP1B1 has reduced plasma membrane localization; no such data has been reported in physiologically relevant human liver tissue. Other potential changes, such as phosphorylation, of the V174A-OATP1B1 protein have not been explored. Current studies characterized the plasma membrane localization of V174A-OATP1B1 in genotyped human liver tissue and cell culture and compared the phosphorylation status of V174A- and wild-type (WT)-OATP1B1. METHODS Localization of V174A- and WT-OATP1B1 were determined in OATP1B1 c.521 T > C genotyped human liver tissue (n = 79) by immunohistochemistry and in transporter-overexpressing human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 and HeLa cells by surface biotinylation and confocal microscopy. Phosphorylation and transport of OATP1B1 was determined using 32P-orthophosphate labeling and [3H]estradiol-17β-glucuronide accumulation, respectively. RESULTS All three methods demonstrated predominant plasma membrane localization of both V174A- and WT-OATP1B1 in human liver tissue and in cell culture. Compared to WT-OATP1B1, the V174A-OATP1B1 has significantly increased phosphorylation and reduced transport. CONCLUSIONS We report novel findings of increased phosphorylation, but not impaired membrane localization, in association with the reduced transport function of the V174A-OATP1B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Crowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jonathan Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Sonia Pahwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Khondoker Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Erin Rubin
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA.
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15
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Utility of curcumin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus: Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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16
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Proteomics of human liver membrane transporters: a focus on fetuses and newborn infants. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 124:217-227. [PMID: 30171984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic membrane transporters are involved in the transport of many endogenous and exogenous compounds, including drugs. We aimed to study the relation of age with absolute transporter protein expression in a cohort of 62 mainly fetus and newborn samples. METHODS Protein expressions of BCRP, BSEP, GLUT1, MCT1, MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, MRP3, NTCP, OCT1, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1 and ATP1A1 were quantified with LC-MS/MS in isolated crude membrane fractions of snap-frozen post-mortem fetal and pediatric, and surgical adult liver samples. mRNA expression was quantified using RNA sequencing, and genetic variants with TaqMan assays. We explored relationships between protein expression and age (gestational age [GA], postnatal age [PNA], and postmenstrual age); between protein and mRNA expression; and between protein expression and genotype. RESULTS We analyzed 36 fetal (median GA 23.4 weeks [range 15.3-41.3]), 12 premature newborn (GA 30.2 weeks [24.9-36.7], PNA 1.0 weeks [0.14-11.4]), 10 term newborn (GA 40.0 weeks [39.7-41.3], PNA 3.9 weeks [0.3-18.1]), 4 pediatric (PNA 4.1 years [1.1-7.4]) and 8 adult liver samples. A relationship with age was found for BCRP, BSEP, GLUT1, MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, MRP3, NTCP, OATP1B1 and OCT1, with the strongest relationship for postmenstrual age. For most transporters mRNA and protein expression were not correlated. No genotype-protein expression relationship was detected. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Various developmental patterns of protein expression of hepatic transporters emerged in fetuses and newborns up to four months of age. Postmenstrual age was the most robust factor predicting transporter expression in this cohort. Our data fill an important gap in current pediatric transporter ontogeny knowledge.
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17
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Liu X, Chen L, Liu M, Zhang H, Huang S, Xiong Y, Xia C. Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd Remarkably Inhibited the Hepatic Uptake of Ophiopogonin D in Shenmai Injection Mediated by OATPs/oatps. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:957. [PMID: 30186179 PMCID: PMC6113708 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Shenmai injection (SMI) is derived from traditional Chinese herbal prescription Shendong yin and widely used for treating cardiovascular diseases. Ophiopogonin D (OPD) is one of the main active components of SMI. The hepatic uptake of OPD is mediated by organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs/oatps) and inhibited by some other components in SMI. This study aimed to identify the active components of SMI responsible for the inhibitory effects on hepatic uptake of OPD in rats and explore the compatibility mechanisms of complex components in SMI based on OATPs/oatps. The known effective fractions, the known components in Shenmai Formula, and the fractions obtained from SMI by HPLC gradual-separation technology were individually/combinedly tested for their effects on OPD uptake in rat primary hepatocytes and recombinant OATP1B1/OATP1B3-expressing HEK293T cells. The results indicated that the OPD uptake was inhibited by panaxadiol-type ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd), but slightly influenced by panaxatriol-type ginsenosides in rat primary hepatocytes and recombinant cells. The fractions of SMI-3-1 (0–11 min) and SMI-3-3 (15–20 min) obtained by HPLC gradual-separation technology were proved to be the major effective fractions that influenced the OPD uptake, and subsequently identified as ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd, respectively. The plasma concentrations of OPD in rats given OPD+ginsenoside Rb1+ginsenoside Rd were higher compared to rats given OPD alone at the same dose. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd are the major effective components in SMI that remarkably inhibited the hepatic OPD uptake mediated by OATPs/oatps. The interaction of complex components by OATPs/oatps may be one of the important compatibility mechanisms in SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of TCM, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingyi Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shibo Huang
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuqing Xiong
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunhua Xia
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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18
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Rocha KCE, Pereira BMV, Rodrigues AC. An update on efflux and uptake transporters as determinants of statin response. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 14:613-624. [PMID: 29842801 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1482276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Statins are used in the treatment of dyslipidemia promoting primary and secondary prevention against detrimental cardiovascular events. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) membrane transporters transport statins across the cell membrane. Differences in drug transporter tissue expression and activity contribute to variability in statin pharmacokinetics (PK) and response. Areas covered: The purpose of this review is to discuss factors impacting transporter expression and the effect this has on statin efficacy and safety. Previous studies have demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms, drug-drug interactions (DDI), nuclear receptors, and microRNAs affect statin PK and pharmacodynamics. Expert opinion: Genetic variants of ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 transporters affect statin PK and, as a result, the intended lipid-lowering response. However, the effect size is small, limiting its applicability in clinical practice. Furthermore, genetic variants do not totally explain the observed intervariability in statin response. Thus, it is likely that transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of drug transporters are also highly involved. Further studies are required to understand the contribution of each of these new factors in statin disposition and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cunha E Rocha
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Beatriz Maria Veloso Pereira
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Alice Cristina Rodrigues
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , SP , Brazil
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19
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Notenboom S, Weigand KM, Proost JH, van Lipzig MM, van de Steeg E, van den Broek PH, Greupink R, Russel FG, Groothuis GM. Development of a mechanistic biokinetic model for hepatic bile acid handling to predict possible cholestatic effects of drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 115:175-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Wegler C, Gaugaz FZ, Andersson TB, Wiśniewski JR, Busch D, Gröer C, Oswald S, Norén A, Weiss F, Hammer HS, Joos TO, Poetz O, Achour B, Rostami-Hodjegan A, van de Steeg E, Wortelboer HM, Artursson P. Variability in Mass Spectrometry-based Quantification of Clinically Relevant Drug Transporters and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3142-3151. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wegler
- Department
of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal 431 50, Sweden
| | | | - Tommy B. Andersson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal 431 50, Sweden
| | - Jacek R. Wiśniewski
- Biochemical
Proteomics Group, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Diana Busch
- Center
of Drug Absorption and Transport, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - Christian Gröer
- Center
of Drug Absorption and Transport, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - Stefan Oswald
- Center
of Drug Absorption and Transport, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - Agneta Norén
- Department
of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Frederik Weiss
- NMI Natural
and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, Reutlingen 72770, Germany
| | - Helen S. Hammer
- NMI Natural
and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, Reutlingen 72770, Germany
| | - Thomas O. Joos
- NMI Natural
and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, Reutlingen 72770, Germany
| | - Oliver Poetz
- NMI Natural
and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, Reutlingen 72770, Germany
| | - Brahim Achour
- Centre
for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Amin Rostami-Hodjegan
- Centre
for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Evita van de Steeg
- TNO (Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), 3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Heleen M. Wortelboer
- TNO (Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), 3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Per Artursson
- Department
of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
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21
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Li M, de Graaf IA, van de Steeg E, de Jager MH, Groothuis GM. The consequence of regional gradients of P-gp and CYP3A4 for drug-drug interactions by P-gp inhibitors and the P-gp/CYP3A4 interplay in the human intestine ex vivo. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 40:26-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Surendran S, Paul D, Sushmita R, Krishna L, Tiwari NK, Giri S, Satheeshkumar N. A validated LC–MS/MS method for the estimation of glimepiride and pitavastatin in rat plasma: Application to drug interaction studies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1046:218-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Kim CO, Oh ES, Kim H, Park MS. Pharmacokinetic interactions between glimepiride and rosuvastatin in healthy Korean subjects: does the SLCO1B1 or CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism affect these drug interactions? DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:503-512. [PMID: 28260863 PMCID: PMC5330189 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s129586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
To improve cardiovascular outcomes, dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes needs to be treated. Thus, these patients are likely to take glimepiride and rosuvastatin concomitantly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between these two drugs in healthy males and to explore the effect of SLCO1B1 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms on their interactions in two randomized, open-label crossover studies. Glimepiride was studied in part 1 and rosuvastatin in part 2. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to each part. All subjects (n=24) completed part 1, and 22 subjects completed part 2. A total of 38 subjects among the participants of the PK interaction studies were enrolled in the genotype study to analyze their SLCO1B1 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms retrospectively (n=22 in part 1, n=16 in part 2). Comparison of the PK and safety of each drug alone with those of the drugs in combination showed that both glimepiride and rosuvastatin did not interact with each other and had tolerable safety profiles in all subjects. However, with regard to glimepiride PK, the SLCO1B1 521TC group had a significantly higher maximum plasma concentration (Cmax,ss) and area under the plasma concentration–time curve during the dose interval at steady state (AUCτ,ss) for glimepiride in combination with rosuvastatin than those for glimepiride alone. However, other significant effects of the SLCO1B1 or CYP2C9 polymorphism on the interaction between the two drugs were not observed. In conclusion, there were no significant PK interactions between the two drugs; however, the exposure to glimepiride could be affected by rosuvastatin in the presence of the SLCO1B1 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Ok Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Eun Sil Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon
| | - Hohyun Kim
- Korea Medicine Research Institute, Inc., Seongnam
| | - Min Soo Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Vaessen SFC, van Lipzig MMH, Pieters RHH, Krul CAM, Wortelboer HM, van de Steeg E. Regional Expression Levels of Drug Transporters and Metabolizing Enzymes along the Pig and Human Intestinal Tract and Comparison with Caco-2 Cells. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:353-360. [PMID: 28153842 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.072231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal transporter proteins and metabolizing enzymes play a crucial role in the oral absorption of a wide variety of drugs. The aim of the current study was to characterize better available intestinal in vitro models by comparing expression levels of these proteins and enzymes between porcine intestine, human intestine, and Caco-2 cells. We therefore determined the absolute protein expression of 19 drug transporters and the mRNA expression of 12 metabolic enzymes along the pig intestinal tract (duodenum, jejunum, ileum; N = 4), in human intestine (jejunum; N = 9), and Caco-2 cells. Expression of the included transporters and enzymes was in general well comparable between porcine and human intestinal tissue, although breast cancer resistance protein, monocarboxylate transporter 5, multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 1, MRP1, MRP3 (∼2-fold), and organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 4A1 (∼6-fold) was higher expressed in pig compared with human jejunum. Alternatively, expression level of relevant transporter proteins (glucose transporter 1, OATP4A1, MRP2, MRP1, and OATP2B1) was significantly higher (3- to 130-fold) in Caco-2 cells compared with human jejunum. Moreover, all examined CYPs showed at least a fivefold lower gene expression in Caco-2 cells compared with human jejunum, with the smallest differences for CYP1A1 and CYP3A5 and the largest difference for CYP3A4 (871-fold higher expression in human jejunum compared with Caco-2 cells). In conclusion, a comprehensive overview is provided of the expression levels of clinically relevant transporter proteins and metabolic enzymes in porcine and human intestinal tissue and Caco-2 cells, which may assist in deciding upon the most suitable model to further improve our understanding of processes that determine intestinal absorption of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan F C Vaessen
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands (M.M.H.L, C.A.M.K, H.M.W, E.S); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.H.H.P, J.A.S,); Research Centre Technology & Innovation; and Innovative Testing in Life sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.F.C.V, R.H.H.P, C.A.M.K)
| | - Marola M H van Lipzig
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands (M.M.H.L, C.A.M.K, H.M.W, E.S); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.H.H.P, J.A.S,); Research Centre Technology & Innovation; and Innovative Testing in Life sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.F.C.V, R.H.H.P, C.A.M.K)
| | - Raymond H H Pieters
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands (M.M.H.L, C.A.M.K, H.M.W, E.S); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.H.H.P, J.A.S,); Research Centre Technology & Innovation; and Innovative Testing in Life sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.F.C.V, R.H.H.P, C.A.M.K)
| | - Cyrille A M Krul
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands (M.M.H.L, C.A.M.K, H.M.W, E.S); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.H.H.P, J.A.S,); Research Centre Technology & Innovation; and Innovative Testing in Life sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.F.C.V, R.H.H.P, C.A.M.K)
| | - Heleen M Wortelboer
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands (M.M.H.L, C.A.M.K, H.M.W, E.S); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.H.H.P, J.A.S,); Research Centre Technology & Innovation; and Innovative Testing in Life sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.F.C.V, R.H.H.P, C.A.M.K)
| | - Evita van de Steeg
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands (M.M.H.L, C.A.M.K, H.M.W, E.S); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.H.H.P, J.A.S,); Research Centre Technology & Innovation; and Innovative Testing in Life sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands (S.F.C.V, R.H.H.P, C.A.M.K)
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25
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Johnson M, Patel D, Matheny C, Ho M, Chen L, Ellens H. Inhibition of Intestinal OATP2B1 by the Calcium Receptor Antagonist Ronacaleret Results in a Significant Drug-Drug Interaction by Causing a 2-Fold Decrease in Exposure of Rosuvastatin. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 45:27-34. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.072397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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26
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Kikuchi R, Peterkin VC, Chiou WJ, de Morais SM, Bow DAJ. Validation of a total IC50 method which enables in vitro assessment of transporter inhibition under semi-physiological conditions. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:825-832. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1233372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kikuchi
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vincent C. Peterkin
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William J. Chiou
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sonia M. de Morais
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel A. J. Bow
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL, USA
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Tian X, Gao Y, Xu Z, Lian S, Ma Y, Guo X, Hu P, Li Z, Huang C. Pharmacokinetics of mangiferin and its metabolite-Norathyriol, Part 1: Systemic evaluation of hepatic first-pass effect in vitro and in vivo. Biofactors 2016; 42:533-544. [PMID: 27130074 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mangiferin (MGF), a glucoside of xanthone existing in phytomedicines and food, is increasingly attracting attention on diabetes treatment, while the underlying mechanism leading to its low oral bioavailability is unclear. Norathyriol (NTR), an active metabolite with hypoglycemic activity and its exposure after MGF dosing remains unclear. Hence, a rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was established and validated to determine MGF and NTR and applied in the PK study in rats. Correspondingly, the in vitro experiments on temperature-dependent uptake, and MGF metabolism in hepatocyte and enterobacteria samples were performed. Results revealed that hepatic first-pass effect slightly contributed to the poor bioavailability of MGF, based on the MGF exposure in portal vein plasma was nearly similar to that in systemic plasma, and the MGF accumulation in the liver was limited, so was that of NTR. Correspondingly, the in vitro study revealed the MGF uptake was mainly dependent on poor passive transport, possibly leading to its limited hepatic metabolism and accumulation. Moreover, the NTR exposure remained considerably low (Cmax < 3 ng/mL, AUCNTR /AUCMGF < 3%) in plasma after single MGF dosing, corresponding to its tiny proportion (0.1%) of MGF in MGF-incubated enterobacteria samples. However, given the low generation and elimination rates of NTR, NTR might accumulate in plasma and exert effects after repeated MGF dosing, although requires further study. This work is the first systemic study on PK profiles of MGF and NTR in vitro and in vivo, which is important for the interpretation on the poor bioavailability and pharmacodynamics of MGF. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(5):533-544, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Tian
- Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gao
- Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Xu
- College of life and environmental sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Lian
- Department of pharmacy ,Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Ma
- Department of pharmacy ,Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Hu
- Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenggang Huang
- Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Shaik AN, Bohnert T, Williams DA, Gan LL, LeDuc BW. Mechanism of Drug-Drug Interactions Between Warfarin and Statins. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:1976-1986. [PMID: 27103011 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The anticoagulant drug warfarin and the lipid-lowering statin drugs are commonly co-administered to patients with cardiovascular diseases. Clinically significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between these drugs have been recognized through case studies for many years, but the biochemical mechanisms causing these interactions have not been explained fully. Previous theories include kinetic alterations in cytochrome P-450-mediated drug metabolism or disturbances of drug-protein binding, leading to anticoagulant activity of warfarin; however, neither the enantioselective effects on warfarin metabolism nor the potential disruption of drug transporter function have been well investigated. This study investigated the etiology of the DDIs between warfarin and statins. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods were developed and validated to quantify racemic warfarin, 6 of its hydroxylated metabolites, and pure enantiomers of warfarin; these methods were applied to study the role of different absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties, leading to DDIs. Plasma protein binding displacement of warfarin was performed in the presence of statins using equilibrium dialysis method. Substrate kinetics of warfarin and pure enantiomers were performed with human liver microsomes to determine the kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax) for the formation of all 6 hydroxywarfarin metabolites, inhibition of warfarin metabolism in the presence of statins, was determined. Uptake transport studies of warfarin were performed using overexpressing HEK cell lines and efflux transport using human adenocarcinoma colonic cell line cells. Fluvastatin significantly displaced plasma protein binding of warfarin and pure enantiomers; no other statin resulted in significant displacement of warfarin. All the statins that inhibited the formation of 10-hydroxywarfarin, atorvastatin, pitavastatin, and simvastatin were highly potent compared to other statins; in contrast, only fluvastatin was found to be a potent inhibitor of formation of 7-hydroxy warfarin. Uptake and efflux drug transporters do not play any role in these DDIs. The results showed that DDIs between warfarin and statins are primarily caused by cytochrome P-450 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Naveed Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MCPHS University, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140.
| | - Tonika Bohnert
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140
| | - David A Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MCPHS University, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Lawrence L Gan
- Development Center for Biotechnology, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - Barbara W LeDuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MCPHS University, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Alam K, Pahwa S, Wang X, Zhang P, Ding K, Abuznait AH, Li L, Yue W. Downregulation of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 Transport Function by Lysosomotropic Drug Chloroquine: Implication in OATP-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:839-51. [PMID: 26750564 PMCID: PMC4970216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 mediates the hepatic uptake of many drugs including lipid-lowering statins. Decreased OATP1B1 transport activity is often associated with increased systemic exposure of statins and statin-induced myopathy. Antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) is also used for long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. CQ is lysosomotropic and inhibits protein degradation in lysosomes. The current studies were designed to determine the effects of CQ on OATP1B1 protein degradation, OATP1B1-mediated transport in OATP1B1-overexpressing cell line, and statin uptake in human sandwich-cultured hepatocytes (SCH). Treatment with lysosome inhibitor CQ increased OATP1B1 total protein levels in HEK293-OATP1B1 cells and in human SCH as determined by OATP1B1 immunoblot. In HEK293-FLAG-tagged OATP1B1 stable cell line, co-immunofluorescence staining indicated that intracellular FLAG-OATP1B1 is colocalized with lysosomal associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP)-2, a marker protein of late endosome/lysosome. Enlarged LAMP-2-positive vacuoles with FLAG-OATP1B1 protein retained inside were readily detected in CQ-treated cells, consistent with blocking lysosomal degradation of OATP1B1 by CQ. In HEK293-OATP1B1 cells, without pre-incubation, CQ concentrations up to 100 μM did not affect OATP1B1-mediated [(3)H]E217G accumulation. However, pre-incubation with CQ at clinically relevant concentration(s) significantly decreased [(3)H]E217G and [(3)H]pitavastatin accumulation in HEK293-OATP1B1 cells and [(3)H]pitavastatin accumulation in human SCH. CQ pretreatment (25 μM, 2 h) resulted in ∼1.9-fold decrease in Vmax without affecting Km of OATP1B1-mediated [(3)H]E217G transport in HEK293-OATP1B1 cells. Pretreatment with monensin and bafilomycin A1, which also have lysosome inhibition activity, significantly decreased OATP1B1-mediated transport in HEK293-OATP1B1 cells. Pharmacoepidemiologic studies using data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System indicated that CQ plus pitavastatin, rosuvastatin, and pravastatin, which are minimally metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzymes, led to higher myopathy risk than these statins alone. In summary, the present studies report novel findings that lysosome is involved in degradation of OATP1B1 protein and that pre-incubation with lysosomotropic drug CQ downregulates OATP1B1 transport activity. Our in vitro data in combination with pharmacoepidemiologic studies support that CQ has potential to cause OATP-mediated drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khondoker Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Sonia Pahwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Xueying Wang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126, United States
| | - Alaa H. Abuznait
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Lang Li
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
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Eng H, Scialis RJ, Rotter CJ, Lin J, Lazzaro S, Varma MV, Di L, Feng B, West M, Kalgutkar AS. The Antimicrobial Agent Fusidic Acid Inhibits Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide-Mediated Hepatic Clearance and May Potentiate Statin-Induced Myopathy. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:692-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.067447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Mustafa D, Ma D, Zhou W, Meisenheimer P, Cali JJ. Novel No-Wash Luminogenic Probes for the Detection of Transporter Uptake Activity. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:87-101. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Mustafa
- Promega Biosciences LLC, 277
Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, California 93401, United States
| | - Dongping Ma
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods
Hollow Road, Madison, Wisconsin 53711-5399, United States
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- Promega Biosciences LLC, 277
Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, California 93401, United States
| | - Poncho Meisenheimer
- Promega Biosciences LLC, 277
Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, California 93401, United States
| | - James J. Cali
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods
Hollow Road, Madison, Wisconsin 53711-5399, United States
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Harwood MD, Achour B, Neuhoff S, Russell MR, Carlson G, Warhurst G. In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation Scaling Factors for Intestinal P-Glycoprotein and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein: Part I: A Cross-Laboratory Comparison of Transporter-Protein Abundances and Relative Expression Factors in Human Intestine and Caco-2 Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 44:297-307. [PMID: 26631742 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.067371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 5 years the quantification of transporter-protein absolute abundances has dramatically increased in parallel to the expanded use of in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) and physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK)-linked models, for decision-making in pharmaceutical company drug development pipelines and regulatory submissions. Although several research groups have developed laboratory-specific proteomic workflows, it is unclear if the large range of reported variability is founded on true interindividual variability or experimental variability resulting from sample preparation or the proteomic methodology used. To assess the potential for methodological bias on end-point abundance quantification, two independent laboratories, the University of Manchester (UoM) and Bertin Pharma (BPh), employing different proteomic workflows, quantified the absolute abundances of Na/K-ATPase, P-gp, and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in the same set of biologic samples from human intestinal and Caco-2 cell membranes. Across all samples, P-gp abundances were significantly correlated (P = 0.04, Rs = 0.72) with a 2.4-fold higher abundance (P = 0.001) generated at UoM compared with BPh. There was a systematically higher BCRP abundance in Caco-2 cell samples quantified by BPh compared with UoM, but not in human intestinal samples. Consequently, a similar intestinal relative expression factor (REF), derived from distal jejunum and Caco-2 monolayer samples, between laboratories was found for P-gp. However, a 2-fold higher intestinal REF was generated by UoM (2.22) versus BPh (1.11). We demonstrate that differences in absolute protein abundance are evident between laboratories and they probably result from laboratory-specific methodologies relating to peptide choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Harwood
- Gut Barrier Group, Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Salford, United Kingdom (M.D.H., G.C., G.W.); Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, Stopford Building, Manchester, United Kingdom (B.A., M.R.R., A.R-H.); Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Sheffield (M.D.H., S.N., A.R-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Brahim Achour
- Gut Barrier Group, Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Salford, United Kingdom (M.D.H., G.C., G.W.); Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, Stopford Building, Manchester, United Kingdom (B.A., M.R.R., A.R-H.); Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Sheffield (M.D.H., S.N., A.R-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Sibylle Neuhoff
- Gut Barrier Group, Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Salford, United Kingdom (M.D.H., G.C., G.W.); Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, Stopford Building, Manchester, United Kingdom (B.A., M.R.R., A.R-H.); Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Sheffield (M.D.H., S.N., A.R-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Matthew R Russell
- Gut Barrier Group, Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Salford, United Kingdom (M.D.H., G.C., G.W.); Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, Stopford Building, Manchester, United Kingdom (B.A., M.R.R., A.R-H.); Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Sheffield (M.D.H., S.N., A.R-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Carlson
- Gut Barrier Group, Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Salford, United Kingdom (M.D.H., G.C., G.W.); Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, Stopford Building, Manchester, United Kingdom (B.A., M.R.R., A.R-H.); Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Sheffield (M.D.H., S.N., A.R-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey Warhurst
- Gut Barrier Group, Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Salford, United Kingdom (M.D.H., G.C., G.W.); Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, Stopford Building, Manchester, United Kingdom (B.A., M.R.R., A.R-H.); Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Sheffield (M.D.H., S.N., A.R-H.), United Kingdom
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Shao H, Lu J, Xu YT, Zhan Y, Chen GM, Zhang HJ. Metabolic Interaction Potential between Clopidogrel and Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agents: Effects on Clopidogrel Bioactivation. Pharmacology 2015; 97:18-24. [DOI: 10.1159/000441230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury in a cancer patient exposed to denosumab and abiraterone: a case report. BMC Nephrol 2015. [PMID: 26220655 PMCID: PMC4519001 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-015-0113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Denosumab and abiraterone were approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2011 for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Neither denosumab nor abiraterone is known to cause rhabdomyolysis. Case presentation A 76-year-old Caucasian man with metastatic prostate cancer presented with non-oliguric severe acute kidney injury (AKI) 3 weeks after receiving simultaneous therapy with denosumab and abiraterone. The patient had been on statin therapy for more than 1 year with no recent dose adjustments. His physical exam was unremarkable. Blood work on admission revealed hyperkalemia, mild metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, and elevated creatine kinase (CK) at 44,476 IU/L. Kidney biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. The patient responded well to intravenous isotonic fluids and discontinuation of denosumab, abiraterone, and rosuvastatin, with normalization of CK and recovery of kidney function. Conclusion We report the first case of biopsy-proven rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI in a cancer patient acutely exposed to denosumab and abiraterone. Whether one of these drugs individually, or the combination, was the bona fide culprit of muscle breakdown is unknown. Nonetheless, our report is hypothesis-generating for further investigations on the effect of these drugs on muscle cells.
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Testa A, Zanda M, Elmore CS, Sharma P. PET Tracers To Study Clinically Relevant Hepatic Transporters. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2203-16. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Testa
- Kosterlitz
Centre for Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, U.K
| | - Matteo Zanda
- Kosterlitz
Centre for Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, U.K
| | | | - Pradeep Sharma
- AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K
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Schelleman H, Han X, Brensinger CM, Quinney SK, Bilker WB, Flockhart DA, Li L, Hennessy S. Pharmacoepidemiologic and in vitro evaluation of potential drug-drug interactions of sulfonylureas with fibrates and statins. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 78:639-48. [PMID: 24548191 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To examine whether initiation of fibrates or statins in sulfonylurea users is associated with hypoglycaemia, and examine in vitro inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes by statins, fenofibrate and glipizide. METHODS We used healthcare data to conduct nested case-control studies of serious hypoglycaemia (i.e. resulting in hospital admission or emergency department treatment) in persons taking glipizide or glyburide, and calculated adjusted overall and time-stratified odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also characterized the in vitro inhibition of CYP enzymes by statins, fenofibrate and glipizide using fluorometric CYP450 inhibition assays, and estimated area under the concentration-time curve ratios (AUCRs) for the drug pairs. RESULTS We found elevated adjusted overall ORs for glyburide-fenofibrate (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.37, 2.47) and glyburide-gemfibrozil (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.25, 1.96). The apparent risk did decline over time as might be expected from a pharmacokinetic mechanism. Fenofibrate was a potent in vitro inhibitor of CYP2C19 (IC50 = 0.2 μm) and CYP2B6 (IC50 = 0.7 μm) and a moderate inhibitor of CYP2C9 (IC50 = 9.7 μm). The predicted CYP-based AUCRs for fenofibrate-glyburide and gemfibrozil-glyburide interactions were only 1.09 and 1.04, suggesting that CYP inhibition is unlikely to explain such an interaction. CONCLUSIONS Use of fenofibrate or gemfibrozil together with glyburide was associated with elevated overall risks of serious hypoglycaemia. CYP inhibition seems unlikely to explain this observation. We speculate that a pharmacodynamic effect of fibrates (e.g. activate peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor alpha) may contribute to these apparent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Schelleman
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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van de Steeg E, Venhorst J, Jansen HT, Nooijen IHG, DeGroot J, Wortelboer HM, Vlaming MLH. Generation of Bayesian prediction models for OATP-mediated drug-drug interactions based on inhibition screen of OATP1B1, OATP1B1∗15 and OATP1B3. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 70:29-36. [PMID: 25603031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and OATP1B3 are important hepatic uptake transporters. Early assessment of OATP1B1/1B3-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is therefore important for successful drug development. A promising approach for early screening and prediction of DDIs is computational modeling. In this study we aimed to generate a rapid, single Bayesian prediction model for OATP1B1, OATP1B1∗15 and OATP1B3 inhibition. Besides our previously generated HEK-OATP1B1 and HEK-OATP1B1∗15 cells, we now generated and characterized HEK-OATP1B3 cells. Using these cell lines we investigated the inhibitory potential of 640 FDA-approved drugs from a commercial library (10μM) on the uptake of [(3)H]-estradiol-17β-d-glucuronide (1μM) by OATP1B1, OATP1B1∗15, and OATP1B3. Using a cut-off of ⩾60% inhibition, 8% and 7% of the 640 drugs were potent OATP1B1 and OATP1B1∗15 inhibitors, respectively. Only 1% of the tested drugs significantly inhibited OATP1B3, which was not sufficient for Bayesian modeling. Modeling of OATP1B1 and OATP1B1∗15 inhibition revealed that presence of conjugated systems and (hetero)cycles with acceptor/donor atoms in- or outside the ring enhance the probability of a molecule binding these transporters. The overall performance of the model for OATP1B1 and OATP1B1∗15 was ⩾80%, including evaluation with a true external test set. Our Bayesian classification model thus represents a fast, inexpensive and robust means of assessing potential binding of new chemical entities to OATP1B1 and OATP1B1∗15. As such, this model may be used to rank compounds early in the drug development process, helping to avoid adverse effects in a later stage due to inhibition of OATP1B1 and/or OATP1B1∗15.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - J DeGroot
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands; BioFocus, A Charles River Company, Darwinweg 24, 2333 CR, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lee CA, O’Connor MA, Ritchie TK, Galetin A, Cook JA, Ragueneau-Majlessi I, Ellens H, Feng B, Taub ME, Paine MF, Polli JW, Ware JA, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ. Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2) in Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions: Practical Recommendations for Clinical Victim and Perpetrator Drug-Drug Interaction Study Design. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:490-509. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.062174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Bosgra S, van de Steeg E, Vlaming ML, Verhoeckx KC, Huisman MT, Verwei M, Wortelboer HM. Predicting carrier-mediated hepatic disposition of rosuvastatin in man by scaling from individual transfected cell-lines in vitro using absolute transporter protein quantification and PBPK modeling. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 65:156-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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40
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Izumi S, Nozaki Y, Maeda K, Komori T, Takenaka O, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y. Investigation of the impact of substrate selection on in vitro organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 inhibition profiles for the prediction of drug-drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos 2014; 43:235-47. [PMID: 25414411 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.059105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk assessment of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is an indispensable part of drug development. We previously reported that in vitro inhibitory potencies of several inhibitors on OATP1B1 depend on the substrates when prototypical substrates, estradiol-17β-glucuronide (E₂G), estrone-3-sulfate, and sulfobromophthalein were used as test substrates. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively investigate this substrate-dependent inhibition of OATP1B1 using clinically relevant OATP1B1 inhibitors and substrate drugs. Effects of cyclosporine A (CsA), rifampin, and gemfibrozil on OATP1B1-mediated uptake of 12 substrate drugs were examined in OATP1B1-expressing human embryonic kidney 293 cells. The Ki values (μM) for CsA varied from 0.0771 to 0.486 (6.3-fold), for rifampin from 0.358 to 1.23 (3.4-fold), and for gemfibrozil from 9.65 to 252 (26-fold). Except for the inhibition of torasemide uptake by CsA and that of nateglinide uptake by gemfibrozil, the Ki values were within 2.8-fold of those obtained using E₂G as a substrate. Preincubation potentiated the inhibitory effect of CsA on OATP1B1 with similar magnitude regardless of the substrates. R values calculated based on a static model showed some variation depending on the Ki values determined with various substrates, and such variability could have an impact on the DDI predictions particularly for a weak-to-moderate inhibitor (gemfibrozil). OATP1B1 substrate drugs except for torasemide and nateglinide, or E₂G as a surrogate, is recommended as an in vitro probe in the inhibition experiments, which will help mitigate the risk of false-negative DDI predictions potentially caused by substrate-dependent Ki variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Izumi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Japan, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan (S.I., Y.N., T.K.); Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania (O.T.); Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.M., H.K.); and Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Yoshitane Nozaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Japan, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan (S.I., Y.N., T.K.); Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania (O.T.); Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.M., H.K.); and Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Japan, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan (S.I., Y.N., T.K.); Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania (O.T.); Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.M., H.K.); and Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Takafumi Komori
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Japan, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan (S.I., Y.N., T.K.); Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania (O.T.); Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.M., H.K.); and Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Osamu Takenaka
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Japan, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan (S.I., Y.N., T.K.); Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania (O.T.); Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.M., H.K.); and Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Japan, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan (S.I., Y.N., T.K.); Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania (O.T.); Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.M., H.K.); and Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Japan, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan (S.I., Y.N., T.K.); Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania (O.T.); Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.M., H.K.); and Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.S.)
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Galetin A. Rationalizing underprediction of drug clearance from enzyme and transporter kinetic data: from in vitro tools to mechanistic modeling. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1113:255-88. [PMID: 24523117 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-758-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, there has been an increase in the number and quality of available in vitro tools for the assessment of clearance. Complexity of data analysis and modelling of corresponding in vitro data has increased in an analogous manner, in particular for the simultaneous characterization of transporter and metabolism kinetics, together with intracellular binding and passive diffusion. In the current chapter, the impact of different factors on the in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of clearance will be addressed in a stepwise manner, from the selection of the most adequate in vitro system and experimental design/condition to the corresponding modelling of data generated. The application of static or physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in the prediction of clearance will be discussed, highlighting limitations and current challenges of some of the approaches. Particular focus will be on the ability of in vitro and in silico predictive tools to overcome the trend of clearance underprediction. Improvements made as a result of inclusion of extrahepatic metabolism and consideration of transporter-metabolism interplay across different organs will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Galetin
- Manchester Pharmacy School, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
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Application of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Predict OATP1B1-Related Variability in Pharmacodynamics of Rosuvastatin. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 3:e124. [PMID: 25006781 PMCID: PMC4120018 DOI: 10.1038/psp.2014.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Typically, pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models use plasma concentration as the input that drives the PD model. However, interindividual variability in uptake transporter activity can lead to variable drug concentrations in plasma without discernible impact on the effect site organ concentration. A physiologically based PK/PD model for rosuvastatin was developed that linked the predicted liver concentration to the PD response model. The model was then applied to predict the effect of genotype-dependent uptake by the organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) transporter on the pharmacological response. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC0–∞) was increased by 63 and 111% for the c.521TC and c.521CC genotypes vs. the c.521TT genotype, while the PD response remained relatively unchanged (3.1 and 5.8% reduction). Using local concentration at the effect site to drive the PD response enabled us to explain the observed disconnect between the effect of the OATP1B1 c521T>C polymorphism on rosuvastatin plasma concentration and the cholesterol synthesis response.
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Lee D, Roh H, Son H, Jang SB, Lee S, Nam SY, Park K. Pharmacokinetic interaction between rosuvastatin and metformin in healthy Korean male volunteers: a randomized, open-label, 3-period, crossover, multiple-dose study. Clin Ther 2014; 36:1171-81. [PMID: 24976448 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rosuvastatin is indicated for hypercholesterolemia or dyslipidemia and metformin mainly for type 2 diabetes. These 2 drugs are frequently prescribed in combination due to the high comorbidity of the 2 diseases. However the nature of pharmacokinetic interaction between the 2 drugs has not been previously investigated. The purpose of our study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic interaction between rosuvastatin and metformin in healthy Korean male volunteers. METHODS This was a randomized, open-label, 6-sequence, 3-period, crossover, multiple-dose study. Eligible subjects, aged 20 to 50 years and within 20% of the ideal body weight, received 1 of the following 3 treatments for each period once daily for 5 consecutive days with a 10-day washout period between the treatments: monoadministration of rosuvastatin 10 mg tablet, monoadministration of metformin 750 mg tablet, and coadministration of rosuvastatin 10 mg tablet with metformin 750 mg tablet. Blood samples were collected up to 72 hours after the last dose and pharmacokinetic parameters for rosuvastatin and metformin were compared between combination and monotherapy. Adverse events were investigated and evaluated based on subject interviews and physical examinations. FINDINGS Among the 36 enrolled subjects, 31 completed the study. The coadministration of rosuvastatin with metformin produced a significant pharmacokinetic interaction in rosuvastatin Css,max, with the 90% CI for the geometric mean ratio (coadministration:monoadministration) being 110.27% to 136.39% (P = 0.0029), whereas no significant interaction was observed in rosuvastatin AUCtau, yielding the 90% CI of 104.41% to 118.95%. When metformin was coadministered with rosuvastatin, no significant pharmacokinetic interaction was observed for Css,max and AUCtau of metformin, yielding the 90% CIs of the geometric mean ratio for coadministration to monoadministration as 87.38% to 102.54% and 86.70% to 99.08%, respectively. Overall, 19 mild and 1 moderate adverse events occurred in 12 subjects, with no significant differences in the incidence among the 3 treatments. IMPLICATIONS Although the Css,max of rosuvastatin was significantly influenced by coadministration with metformin, the degree of interaction seen was considered clinically insignificant, with no significant interaction observed in the other pharmacokinetic measures between the 2 drugs. These results imply that drug effects of rosuvastatin and metformin will also not be significantly influenced by coadministration of the 2 drugs. All treatments were well tolerated and no serious adverse events occurred. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01526317.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwan Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyerang Roh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hankil Son
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Bok Jang
- Yuhan Research Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoungoh Lee
- Yuhan Research Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Youn Nam
- Yuhan Research Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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Gozalpour E, Greupink R, Wortelboer HM, Bilos A, Schreurs M, Russel FGM, Koenderink JB. Interaction of digitalis-like compounds with liver uptake transporters NTCP, OATP1B1, and OATP1B3. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1844-55. [PMID: 24754247 DOI: 10.1021/mp400699p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Digitalis-like compounds (DLCs) such as digoxin, digitoxin, and ouabain, also known as cardiac glycosides, are among the oldest pharmacological treatments for heart failure. The compounds have a narrow therapeutic window, while at the same time, DLC pharmacokinetics is prone to drug-drug interactions at the transport level. Hepatic transporters organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1, OATP1B3, and Na(+)-dependent taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) influence the disposition of a variety of drugs by mediating their uptake from blood into hepatocytes. The interaction of digoxin, digitoxin, and ouabain with hepatic uptake transporters has been studied before. However, here, we systematically investigated a much wider range of structurally related DLCs for their capability to inhibit or to be transported by these transporters in order to better understand the relation between the activity and chemical structure of this compound type. We studied the uptake and inhibitory potency of a series of 14 structurally related DLCs in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing NTCP (CHO-NTCP) and human embryonic kidney cells expressing OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 (HEK-OATP1B1 and HEK-OATP1B3). The inhibitory effect of the DLCs was measured against taurocholic acid (TCA) uptake in CHO-NTCP cells and against uptake of β-estradiol 17-β-d-glucuronide (E217βG) in HEK-OATP1B1 and HEK-OATP1B3 cells. Proscillaridin A was the most effective inhibitor of NTCP-mediated TCA transport (IC50 = 22 μM), whereas digitoxin and digitoxigenin were the most potent inhibitors of OATP1B1 and OAPTP1B3, with IC50 values of 14.2 and 36 μM, respectively. Additionally, we found that the sugar moiety and hydroxyl groups of the DLCs play different roles in their interaction with NTCP, OATP1B1, and OATP1B3. The sugar moiety decreases the inhibition of NTCP and OATP1B3 transport activity, whereas it enhances the inhibitory potency against OATP1B1. Moreover, the hydroxyl group at position 12 reinforces the inhibition of NTCP but decreases the inhibition of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. To investigate whether DLCs can be translocated, we quantified their uptake in transporter-expressing cells by LC-MS. We demonstrated that convallatoxin, ouabain, dihydroouabain, and ouabagenin are substrates of OATP1B3. No transport was observed for the other compounds in any of the studied transporters. In summary, this work provides a step toward an improved understanding of the interaction of DLCs with three major hepatic uptake transporters. Ultimately, this can be of use in the development of DLCs that are less prone to transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Gozalpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences , 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Gertz M, Tsamandouras N, Säll C, Houston JB, Galetin A. Reduced physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model of repaglinide: impact of OATP1B1 and CYP2C8 genotype and source of in vitro data on the prediction of drug-drug interaction risk. Pharm Res 2014; 31:2367-82. [PMID: 24623479 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of OATP1B1 genotype as a covariate on repaglinide pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interaction (DDIs) risk using a reduced physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. METHODS Twenty nine mean plasma concentration-time profiles for SLCO1B1 c.521T>C were used to estimate hepatic uptake clearance (CLuptake) in different genotype groups applying a population approach in NONMEM v.7.2. RESULTS Estimated repaglinide CLuptake corresponded to 217 and 113 μL/min/10(6) cells for SLCO1B1 c.521TT/TC and CC, respectively. A significant effect of OATP1B1 genotype was seen on CLuptake (48% reduction for CC relative to wild type). Sensitivity analysis highlighted the impact of CLmet and CLdiff uncertainty on the CLuptake optimization using plasma data. Propagation of this uncertainty had a marginal effect on the prediction of repaglinide OATP1B1-mediated DDI with cyclosporine; however, sensitivity of the predicted magnitude of repaglinide metabolic DDI was high. In addition, the reduced PBPK model was used to assess the effect of both CYP2C8*3 and SLCO1B1 c.521T>C on repaglinide exposure by simulations; power calculations were performed to guide prospective DDI and pharmacogenetic studies. CONCLUSIONS The application of reduced PBPK model for parameter optimization and limitations of this process associated with the use of plasma rather than tissue profiles are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gertz
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research Manchester Pharmacy School, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, Manchester, UK
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Meyer Zu Schwabedissen HE, Boettcher K, Steiner T, Schwarz UI, Keiser M, Kroemer HK, Siegmund W. OATP1B3 is expressed in pancreatic β-islet cells and enhances the insulinotropic effect of the sulfonylurea derivative glibenclamide. Diabetes 2014; 63:775-84. [PMID: 24150606 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP1B3 is a membrane-bound drug transporter that facilitates cellular entry of a variety of substrates. Most of the previous studies focused on its hepatic expression and function in hepatic drug elimination. In this study, we report expression of OATP1B3 in human pancreatic tissue, with the abundance of the transporter localized in the islets of Langerhans. Transport studies using OATP1B3-overexpressing MDCKII cells revealed significant inhibition of the cellular uptake of the known substrate cholecystokinin-8 in the presence of the insulinotropic antidiabetes compounds tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glimepiride, and nateglinide and identified glibenclamide as a novel substrate of OATP1B3. Sulfonylurea derivatives exert their insulinotropic effect by binding to the SUR1 subunit of the KATP channels inducing insulin secretion in β-cells. Here, we show that transient overexpression of human OATP1B3 in a murine β-cell line (MIN6)-which exhibits glucose and glibenclamide-sensitive insulin secretion-significantly enhances the insulinotropic effect of glibenclamide without affecting glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Taken together, our data provide evidence that the drug transporter OATP1B3 functions as a determinant of the insulinotropic effect of glibenclamide on the tissue level. Changes in transport activity based on drug-drug interactions or genetic variability may therefore influence glibenclamide efficacy.
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Hu M, Tomlinson B. Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of the two recently developed statins, rosuvastatin and pitavastatin. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2013; 10:51-65. [PMID: 24156555 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.851667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Statins are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Rosuvastatin and pitavastatin are the two recently developed statins with less potential for drug interaction resulting in improved safety profiles. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of rosuvastatin and pitavastatin. The materials reviewed were identified by searching PubMed for publications using 'rosuvastatin', 'pitavastatin', 'statins', 'pharmacokinetics' and 'drug interaction' as the search terms. EXPERT OPINION Rosuvastatin and pitavastatin have favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles as their disposition does not depend on or is only marginally influenced by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, thus potentially reducing the risk of drug-drug interactions of these two statins with other drugs known to inhibit CYP enzymes. However, drug transporters play a significant role in the disposition of rosuvastatin and pitavastatin and drug interactions may occur through these. Genetic polymorphisms in drug transporters may also affect the pharmacokinetics, drug interactions and/or the lipid-lowering effect of these statins to a different extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Hu
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR
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Lahaye C, Beaufrére AM, Boyer O, Drouot L, Soubrier M, Tournadre A. Immune-mediated myopathy related to anti 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase antibodies as an emerging cause of necrotizing myopathy induced by statins. Joint Bone Spine 2013; 81:79-82. [PMID: 23953224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) associated with statin use and anti 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) antibody is a new and emerging entity that supports a link between statin use and IMNM and raises the questions of distinct clinical phenotypes and treatment strategy. We describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of a patient and discuss the spectrum of IMNM and statin-induced myopathies. A 65-year-old man was suffering from proximal muscle weakness and elevated CK levels, following exposure to statin therapy. The symptoms worsened despite discontinuation of the drug. At that point, no myositis-specific or -associated antibodies were detected. Malignancy screening did not reveal abnormalities. Muscle biopsy demonstrated a predominantly necrotizing myopathy with minimal lymphocytic infiltrates, MHC class I expression in necrotic muscle fibers, and complement deposition on scattered non-necrotic muscle fibers. Muscle protein analysis by western blot was normal. The patient did not improve with steroid and methotrexate and required monthly intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. Muscle strength gradually improved, CK levels normalized and IVIG were stopped 1 year later. Screening for anti-HMGCR antibodies, not available at the time of presentation, was highly positive. Identification of anti-HMGCR antibodies in statin-exposed patients with myopathy appears to be helpful both for differential diagnosis and for treatment strategy. In patients who did not improve after discontinuation of the statin treatment, a muscle biopsy should be performed as well as screening for anti-HMGCR antibodies. Patients with this disorder require aggressive immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Lahaye
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel-Montpied, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne Marie Beaufrére
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Pathology, Hôpital Gabriel-Montpied, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Boyer
- Inserm, U905, Normandie University, Rouen, France; Rouen University Hospital, Department of Immunology, Rouen, France
| | | | - Martin Soubrier
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel-Montpied, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne Tournadre
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel-Montpied, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Greupink R, Schreurs M, Benne MS, Huisman MT, Russel FG. Semi-mechanistic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of clinical glibenclamide pharmacokinetics and drug–drug-interactions. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 49:819-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
Rosuvastatin is one of the most potent statins available for reducing circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, which enables more high-risk patients to achieve their lipid goals. Its favorable balance of effects on atherogenic and protective lipoproteins and its pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and improvement in endothelial dysfunction, are associated with slowing of progression of atherosclerosis within the artery wall and have been translated into clinical benefits for cardiovascular outcomes. This review provides an update on the safety and the efficacy of rosuvastatin in recent large clinical trials. It appears that rosuvastatin has a beneficial effect on the progression of atherosclerosis across the clinical dosage range of 2.5–40 mg. It reduced cardiovascular events in relatively low-risk subjects with elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. As with other statins, rosuvastatin did not show overall benefit in terms of survival in patients with heart failure, but certain clinical or biochemical markers reflecting underlying disease characteristics may help to identify subgroups of patients that benefit from statin therapy. In patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing chronic hemodialysis, rosuvastatin had no effect on reducing cardiovascular events. Although there is a slightly increased risk of incident diabetes with this class of agents, the absolute benefits of statin therapy on cardiovascular events overweigh the risk in patients with moderate or high cardiovascular risk or with documented cardiovascular disease. As with other statins, rosuvastatin is an appropriate therapy in addition to antihypertensive treatment to reduce cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Hu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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