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Fujii C, Zorumski CF, Izumi Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, neuroinflammation, and sigma 1 receptors as contributors to depression and its treatment. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2202-2211. [PMID: 38488553 PMCID: PMC11034583 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiological factors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undefined. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-defined mechanisms that play critical functions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of studies indicate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of neuroinflammation, a contributing factor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inflammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinflammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. Studies focused on innate immune factors, including neurosteroids with anti-inflammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Fujii
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles F. Zorumski
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yukitoshi Izumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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2
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Izumi Y, Reiersen AM, Lenze EJ, Mennerick SJ, Zorumski CF. Sertraline modulates hippocampal plasticity and learning via sigma 1 receptors, cellular stress and neurosteroids. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.23.576911. [PMID: 38328198 PMCID: PMC10849579 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.23.576911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
In addition to modulating serotonin transport, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have multiple other effects that may contribute to clinical effects, and some of these latter actions prompt repurposing of SSRIs for non-psychiatric indications. We recently observed that the SSRIs fluvoxamine and fluoxetine prevent the acute adverse effects of pro-inflammatory stimulation on long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 hippocampal region. Sertraline showed markedly different effects, acutely inhibiting LTP at a low micromolar concentration through inverse agonism of sigma 1 receptors (S1Rs). In the present studies, we pursued mechanisms contributing to sertraline modulation of LTP in rat hippocampal slices. We found that sertraline partially inhibits synaptic responses mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) via effects on NMDARs that express GluN2B subunits. A selective S1R antagonist (NE-100), but not an S1R agonist (PRE-084) blocked effects on NMDARs, despite the fact that both S1R ligands were previously shown to prevent LTP inhibition. Both NE-100 and PRE-084, however, prevented adverse effects of sertraline on one-trial learning. Because of the important role that S1Rs play in modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, we examined whether inhibitors of cellular stress alter effects of sertraline. We found that two stress inhibitors, ISRIB and quercetin, prevented LTP inhibition, as did inhibitors of the synthesis of endogenous neurosteroids, which are homeostatic regulators of cellular stress. These studies highlight complex effects of sertraline, S1Rs and neurosteroids on hippocampal function and have relevance for understanding therapeutic and adverse drug actions.
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3
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Shi S, Chu G, Zhang L, Yuan H, Madaniyati M, Zhou X, Wang L, Cai C, Pang W, Gao L, Yang G. Deubiquitinase UCHL1 regulates estradiol synthesis by stabilizing voltage-dependent anion channel 2. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105316. [PMID: 37797697 PMCID: PMC10656229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of estradiol production by granulosa cells blocks follicle development, causes failure of estrous initiation, and results in an inability to ovulate. The ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a critical role in maintaining protein homeostasis and stability of the estrous cycle, but knowledge of deubiquitination enzyme function in estradiol synthesis is limited. Here, we observe that the deubiquitinase ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) is more significant in estrous sows and high litter-size sows than in nonestrous sows and low-yielding sows. Overexpression of UCHL1 promotes estradiol synthesis in granulosa cells, and interference with UCHL1 has the opposite effect. UCHL1 binds, deubiquitinates, and stabilizes voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2), promoting the synthesis of the estradiol precursor pregnenolone. Cysteine 90 (C90) of UCHL1 is necessary for its deubiquitination activity, and Lys45 and Lys64 in VDAC2 are essential for its ubiquitination and degradation. In vivo, compared with WT and sh-NC-AAV groups, the estrus cycle of female mice is disturbed, estradiol level is decreased, and the number of antral follicles is decreased after the injection of sh-UCHL1-AAV into ovarian tissue. These findings suggest that UCHL1 promotes estradiol synthesis by stabilizing VDAC2 and identify UCHL1 as a candidate gene affecting reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Lutong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Huan Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Mielie Madaniyati
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Liguang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Chuanjiang Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China.
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4
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Ying Z, Ye N, Ma Q, Chen F, Li N, Zhen X. Targeted to neuronal organelles for CNS drug development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115025. [PMID: 37516410 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Significant evidences indicate that sub-cellular organelle dynamics is critical for both physiological and pathological events and therefore may be attractive drug targets displaying great therapeutic potential. Although the basic biological mechanism underlying the dynamics of intracellular organelles has been extensively studied, relative drug development is still limited. In the present review, we show that due to the development of technical advanced imaging tools, especially live cell imaging methods, intracellular organelle dynamics (including mitochondrial dynamics and membrane contact sites) can be dissected at the molecular level. Based on these identified molecular targets, we review and discuss the potential of drug development to target organelle dynamics, especially mitochondria dynamics and ER-organelle membrane contact dynamics, in the central nervous system for treating human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ying
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Na Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qilian Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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5
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Izumi Y, Reiersen AM, Lenze EJ, Mennerick SJ, Zorumski CF. SSRIs differentially modulate the effects of pro-inflammatory stimulation on hippocampal plasticity and memory via sigma 1 receptors and neurosteroids. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:39. [PMID: 36737431 PMCID: PMC9897619 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical models, and recent clinical studies suggest that fluvoxamine can prevent deterioration in patients with COVID-19, possibly through activating sigma 1 receptors (S1Rs). Here we examined potential mechanisms contributing to these effects of fluvoxamine and other SSRIs using a well-characterized model of pro-inflammatory stress in rat hippocampal slices. When hippocampal slices are exposed acutely to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a strong pro-inflammatory stimulus, basal synaptic transmission in the CA1 region remains intact, but induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), a form of synaptic plasticity thought to contribute to learning and memory, is completely disrupted. Administration of low micromolar concentrations of fluvoxamine and fluoxetine prior to and during LPS administration overcame this LTP inhibition. Effects of fluvoxamine required both activation of S1Rs and local synthesis of 5-alpha reduced neurosteroids. In contrast, the effects of fluoxetine did not involve S1Rs but required neurosteroid production. The ability of fluvoxamine to modulate LTP and neurosteroid production was mimicked by a selective S1R agonist. Additionally, fluvoxamine and fluoxetine prevented learning impairments induced by LPS in vivo. Sertraline differed from the other SSRIs in blocking LTP in control slices likely via S1R inverse agonism. These results provide strong support for the hypothesis that S1Rs and neurosteroids play key roles in the anti-inflammatory effects of certain SSRIs and that these SSRIs could be beneficial in disorders involving inflammatory stress including psychiatric and neurodegenerative illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitoshi Izumi
- Department of Psychiatry & Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Brain Research in Mood Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Angela M Reiersen
- Department of Psychiatry & Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Brain Research in Mood Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric J Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry & Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Brain Research in Mood Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven J Mennerick
- Department of Psychiatry & Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Brain Research in Mood Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles F Zorumski
- Department of Psychiatry & Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Center for Brain Research in Mood Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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6
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Overview of Sigma-1R Subcellular Specific Biological Functions and Role in Neuroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031971. [PMID: 36768299 PMCID: PMC9916267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
For the past several years, fundamental research on Sigma-1R (S1R) protein has unveiled its necessity for maintaining proper cellular homeostasis through modulation of calcium and lipid exchange between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, ER-stress response, and many other mechanisms. Most of these processes, such as ER-stress response and autophagy, have been associated with neuroprotective roles. In fact, improving these mechanisms using S1R agonists was beneficial in several brain disorders including neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will examine S1R subcellular localization and describe S1R-associated biological activity within these specific compartments, i.e., the Mitochondrion-Associated ER Membrane (MAM), ER-Lipid Droplet (ER-LD) interface, ER-Plasma Membreane (ER-PM) interface, and the Nuclear Envelope (NE). We also discussed how the dysregulation of these pathways contributes to neurodegenerative diseases, while highlighting the cellular mechanisms and key binding partners engaged in these processes.
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Sałaciak K, Pytka K. Revisiting the sigma-1 receptor as a biological target to treat affective and cognitive disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 132:1114-1136. [PMID: 34736882 PMCID: PMC8559442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Depression and cognitive disorders are diseases with complex and not-fully understood etiology. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically increased the prevalence of both conditions. Since the current treatments are inadequate in many patients, there is a constant need for discovering new compounds, which will be more effective in ameliorating depressive symptoms and treating cognitive decline. Proteins attracting much attention as potential targets for drugs treating these conditions are sigma-1 receptors. Sigma-1 receptors are multi-functional proteins localized in endoplasmic reticulum membranes, which play a crucial role in cellular signal transduction by interacting with receptors, ion channels, lipids, and kinases. Changes in their functions and expression may lead to various diseases, including depression or memory impairments. Thus, sigma-1 receptor modulation might be useful in treating these central nervous system diseases. Importantly, two sigma-1 receptor ligands entered clinical trials, showing that this compound group possesses therapeutic potential. Therefore, based on preclinical studies, this review discusses whether the sigma-1 receptor could be a promising target for drugs treating affective and cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Sałaciak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
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8
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Wen Y, Li S, Lu X, Xu R, Li C. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contacts: A Potential Therapy Target for Cardiovascular Remodeling-Associated Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:774989. [PMID: 34858991 PMCID: PMC8631538 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular remodeling occurs in cardiomyocytes, collagen meshes, and vascular beds in the progress of cardiac insufficiency caused by a variety of cardiac diseases such as chronic ischemic heart disease, chronic overload heart disease, myocarditis, and myocardial infarction. The morphological changes that occur as a result of remodeling are the critical pathological basis for the occurrence and development of serious diseases and also determine morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the inhibition of remodeling is an important approach to prevent and treat heart failure and other related diseases. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are tightly linked by ER-mitochondria contacts (ERMCs). ERMCs play a vital role in different signaling pathways and provide a satisfactory structural platform for the ER and mitochondria to interact and maintain the normal function of cells, mainly by involving various cellular life processes such as lipid metabolism, calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial function, ER stress, and autophagy. Studies have shown that abnormal ERMCs may promote the occurrence and development of remodeling and participate in the formation of a variety of cardiovascular remodeling-associated diseases. This review focuses on the structure and function of the ERMCs, and the potential mechanism of ERMCs involved in cardiovascular remodeling, indicating that ERMCs may be a potential target for new therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular remodeling-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ya Wen
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Sixuan Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Jinan Tianqiao People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Sfera A, Osorio C, Rahman L, Zapata-Martín del Campo CM, Maldonado JC, Jafri N, Cummings MA, Maurer S, Kozlakidis Z. PTSD as an Endothelial Disease: Insights From COVID-19. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:770387. [PMID: 34776871 PMCID: PMC8586713 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.770387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 virus, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, has affected almost every aspect of human life, precipitating stress-related pathology in vulnerable individuals. As the prevalence rate of posttraumatic stress disorder in pandemic survivors exceeds that of the general and special populations, the virus may predispose to this disorder by directly interfering with the stress-processing pathways. The SARS-CoV-2 interactome has identified several antigens that may disrupt the blood-brain-barrier by inducing premature senescence in many cell types, including the cerebral endothelial cells. This enables the stress molecules, including angiotensin II, endothelin-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, to aberrantly activate the amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex, increasing the vulnerability to stress related disorders. This is supported by observing the beneficial effects of angiotensin receptor blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in both posttraumatic stress disorder and SARS-CoV-2 critical illness. In this narrative review, we take a closer look at the virus-host dialog and its impact on the renin-angiotensin system, mitochondrial fitness, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. We discuss the role of furin cleaving site, the fibrinolytic system, and Sigma-1 receptor in the pathogenesis of psychological trauma. In other words, learning from the virus, clarify the molecular underpinnings of stress related disorders, and design better therapies for these conditions. In this context, we emphasize new potential treatments, including furin and bromodomains inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sfera
- Department of Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
- Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Carolina Osorio
- Department of Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Leah Rahman
- Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | | | - Jose Campo Maldonado
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States
| | - Nyla Jafri
- Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | | | - Steve Maurer
- Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency For Research On Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
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10
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Regulation of Estradiol Synthesis by Aromatase Interacting Partner in Breast (AIPB). Mol Cell Biol 2021; 41:e0035721. [PMID: 34460330 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00357-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol is essential for the development of female sex characteristics and fertility. Postmenopausal women and breast cancer patients have high levels of estradiol. Aromatase catalyzes estradiol synthesis; however, the factors regulating aromatase activity are unknown. We identified a new 22-kDa protein, aromatase interacting partner in breast (AIPB), from the endoplasmic reticulum of human breast tissue. AIPB expression is reduced in tumorigenic breast and further reduced in triple-negative tumors. Like that of aromatase, AIPB expression is induced by nonsteroidal estrogen. We found that AIPB and aromatase interact in nontumorigenic and tumorigenic breast tissues and cells. In tumorigenic cells, conditional AIPB overexpression decreased estradiol, and blocking AIPB availability with an AIPB-binding antibody increased estradiol. Estradiol synthesis is highly increased in AIPB knockdown cells, suggesting that the newly identified AIPB protein is important for aromatase activity and a key modulator of estradiol synthesis. Thus, a change in AIPB protein expression may represent an early event in tumorigenesis and be predictive of an increased risk of developing breast cancer.
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11
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Lou L, Li C, Wang J, Wu A, Zhang T, Ma Z, Chai L, Zhang D, Zhao Y, Nie B, Jin Q, Chen H, Liu WJ. Yiqi Huoxue preserves heart function by upregulating the Sigma-1 receptor in rats with myocardial infarction. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1308. [PMID: 34630662 PMCID: PMC8461621 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Yiqi Huoxue (YQHX) is widely used in traditional Chinese medical practice due to its reported cardioprotective effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying these effects of YQHX via the regulation of the Sigma-1 receptor. The Sigma-1 receptor is a chaperone protein located on the mitochondrion-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. It serves an important role in heart function by regulating intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and enhancing cellular bioenergetics. In the present study, male Sprague Dawley rats with myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure were used. MI rats were administered different treatments, including normal saline, YQHX and fluvoxamine, an agonist of the Sigma-1 receptor. Following four weeks of treatment, YQHX was revealed to improve heart function and attenuate myocardial hypertrophy in MI rats. Additionally, YQHX increased the ATP content and improved the mitochondrial ultrastructure in the heart tissues of MI rats in comparison with acontrol. Treatment was revealed to attenuate the decreased expression of the Sigma-1 receptor and increase the expression of inositol triphosphate type 2 receptors (IP3R2) in MI rats. By exposing H9c2 cells to angiotensin II (Ang II), YQHX prevented cell hypertrophy and normalized the decreased ATP content. However, these positive effects were partially inhibited when the Sigma-1 receptor was knocked down via small interfering RNA transfection. The results of the present study suggested that the Sigma-1 receptor serves an important role in the cardioprotective efficacy of YQHX by increasing ATP content and attenuating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Lou
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou New District First People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730300, P.R. China
| | - Aiming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Limin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Yizhou Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Bo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Qiushuo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Huiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
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12
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Jennings MJ, Hathazi D, Nguyen CDL, Munro B, Münchberg U, Ahrends R, Schenck A, Eidhof I, Freier E, Synofzik M, Horvath R, Roos A. Intracellular Lipid Accumulation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Accompanies Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Caused by Loss of the Co-chaperone DNAJC3. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710247. [PMID: 34692675 PMCID: PMC8526738 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive mutations in DNAJC3, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident BiP co-chaperone, have been identified in patients with multisystemic neurodegeneration and diabetes mellitus. To further unravel these pathomechanisms, we employed a non-biased proteomic approach and identified dysregulation of several key cellular pathways, suggesting a pathophysiological interplay of perturbed lipid metabolism, mitochondrial bioenergetics, ER-Golgi function, and amyloid-beta processing. Further functional investigations in fibroblasts of patients with DNAJC3 mutations detected cellular accumulation of lipids and an increased sensitivity to cholesterol stress, which led to activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), alterations of the ER-Golgi machinery, and a defect of amyloid precursor protein. In line with the results of previous studies, we describe here alterations in mitochondrial morphology and function, as a major contributor to the DNAJC3 pathophysiology. Hence, we propose that the loss of DNAJC3 affects lipid/cholesterol homeostasis, leading to UPR activation, β-amyloid accumulation, and impairment of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Jennings
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Denisa Hathazi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Chi D. L. Nguyen
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Benjamin Munro
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ute Münchberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ilse Eidhof
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Erik Freier
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Roos
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital University of Essen, Essen, Germany
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Aishwarya R, Abdullah CS, Morshed M, Remex NS, Bhuiyan MS. Sigmar1's Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Functions in Regulating Cellular Pathophysiology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:705575. [PMID: 34305655 PMCID: PMC8293995 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.705575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sigma 1 receptor (Sigmar1) is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional inter-organelle signaling chaperone protein playing a diverse role in cellular survival. Recessive mutation in Sigmar1 have been identified as a causative gene for neuronal and neuromuscular disorder. Since the discovery over 40 years ago, Sigmar1 has been shown to contribute to numerous cellular functions, including ion channel regulation, protein quality control, endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial communication, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, autophagy activation, and involved in cellular survival. Alterations in Sigmar1’s subcellular localization, expression, and signaling has been implicated in the progression of a wide range of diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic brain injury, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic retinopathy, cancer, and drug addiction. The goal of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of Sigmar1 biology focusing the recent discoveries on Sigmar1’s molecular, cellular, pathophysiological, and biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Aishwarya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Chowdhury S Abdullah
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Mahboob Morshed
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Naznin Sultana Remex
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Md Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States.,Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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14
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Pontisso I, Combettes L. Role of Sigma-1 Receptor in Calcium Modulation: Possible Involvement in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:139. [PMID: 33499031 PMCID: PMC7911422 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling plays a pivotal role in the control of cellular homeostasis and aberrant regulation of Ca2+ fluxes have a strong impact on cellular functioning. As a consequence of this ubiquitous role, Ca2+ signaling dysregulation is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases including cancer. Indeed, multiple studies have highlighted the role of Ca2+ fluxes in all the steps of cancer progression. In particular, the transfer of Ca2+ at the ER-mitochondrial contact sites, also known as mitochondrial associated membranes (MAMs), has been shown to be crucial for cancer cell survival. One of the proteins enriched at this site is the sigma-1 receptor (S1R), a protein that has been described as a Ca2+-sensitive chaperone that exerts a protective function in cells in various ways, including the modulation of Ca2+ signaling. Interestingly, S1R is overexpressed in many types of cancer even though the exact mechanisms by which it promotes cell survival are not fully elucidated. This review summarizes the findings describing the roles of S1R in the control of Ca2+ signaling and its involvement in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Pontisso
- UMR 1282, INSERM, Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris Saclay, 91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France;
- Faculté des Sciences, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Laurent Combettes
- UMR 1282, INSERM, Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris Saclay, 91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France;
- Faculté des Sciences, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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15
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Shinoda Y, Haga Y, Akagawa K, Fukunaga K. Wildtype σ1 receptor and the receptor agonist improve ALS-associated mutation-induced insolubility and toxicity. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:17573-17587. [PMID: 33453999 PMCID: PMC7762949 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations related to ALS, a progressive neurological disease, have been discovered in the gene encoding σ-1 receptor (σ1R). We previously reported that σ1RE102Q elicits toxicity in cells. The σ1R forms oligomeric states that are regulated by ligands. Nevertheless, little is known about the effect of ALS-related mutations on oligomer formation. Here, we transfected NSC-34 cells, a motor neuronal cell line, and HEK293T cells with σ1R-mCherry (mCh), σ1RE102Q-mCh, or nontagged forms to investigate detergent solubility and subcellular distribution using immunocytochemistry and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. The oligomeric state was determined using crosslinking procedure. σ1Rs were soluble to detergents, whereas the mutants accumulated in the insoluble fraction. Within the soluble fraction, peak distribution of mutants appeared in higher sucrose density fractions. Mutants formed intracellular aggregates that were co-stained with p62, ubiquitin, and phosphorylated pancreatic eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2-α kinase in NSC-34 cells but not in HEK293T cells. The aggregates had significantly lower recovery in fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Acute treatment with σ1R agonist SA4503 failed to improve recovery, whereas prolonged treatment for 48 h significantly decreased σ1RE102Q-mCh insolubility and inhibited apoptosis. Whereas σ1R-mCh formed monomers and dimers, σ1RE102Q-mCh also formed trimers and tetramers. SA4503 reduced accumulation of the four types in the insoluble fraction and increased monomers in the soluble fraction. The σ1RE102Q insolubility was diminished by σ1R-mCh co-expression. These results suggest that the agonist and WT σ1R modify the detergent insolubility, toxicity, and oligomeric state of σ1RE102Q, which may lead to promising new treatments for σ1R-related ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuharu Shinoda
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yudai Haga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichiro Akagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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16
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Voronin MV, Vakhitova YV, Seredenin SB. Chaperone Sigma1R and Antidepressant Effect. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7088. [PMID: 32992988 PMCID: PMC7582751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes the current scientific literature on the role of the Sigma1R chaperone in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders and pharmacodynamics of antidepressants. As a result of ligand activation, Sigma1R is capable of intracellular translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into the region of nuclear and cellular membranes, where it interacts with resident proteins. This unique property of Sigma1R provides regulation of various receptors, ion channels, enzymes, and transcriptional factors. The current review demonstrates the contribution of the Sigma1R chaperone to the regulation of molecular mechanisms involved in the antidepressant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Voronin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, FSBI “Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology”, Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Sergei B. Seredenin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, FSBI “Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology”, Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
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17
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Villemain L, Prigent S, Abou-Lovergne A, Pelletier L, Chiral M, Pontoglio M, Foufelle F, Caruso S, Pineau R, Rebouissou S, Chevet E, Zucman-Rossi J, Combettes L. Sigma 1 Receptor is Overexpressed in Hepatocellular Adenoma: Involvement of ERα and HNF1α. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082213. [PMID: 32784704 PMCID: PMC7464972 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma receptor 1 (SigR1) is an endoplasmic reticulum resident integral membrane protein whose functions remain unclear. Although the liver shows the highest expression of SigR1, its role in this organ is unknown. SigR1 is overexpressed in many cancers and its expression is correlated to hormonal status in hormone-dependent cancers. To better understand the role of SigR1 in hepatocytes we focused our work on the regulation of its expression in tumoral liver. In this context, hepatocellular adenomas, benign hepatic tumors associated with estrogen intake are of particular interest. The expression of SigR1 mRNA was assessed in hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) patients using qPCR. The impact of estrogen on the expression of SigR1 was studied in vivo (mice) and in vitro (HepG2 and Huh7 cells). The effect of HNF1α on the expression of SigR1 was studied in vivo by comparing wild type mice to HNF1 knockout mice. Estrogen enhanced SigR1 expression through its nuclear receptor ERα. HNF1α mutated HCA (H-HCA) significantly overexpressed SigR1 compared to all other HCA subtypes. HNF1 knockout mice showed an increase in SigR1 expression. Overexpressing SigR1 in cellular models increases proliferation rate and storage of lipid droplets, which phenocopies the H-HCA phenotype. SigR1 is involved in hepatocyte proliferation and steatosis and may play an important role in the control of the H-HCA phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Villemain
- UMRs 1174, University Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 91405 Orsay, France; (L.V.); (S.P.); (A.A.-L.)
| | - Sylvie Prigent
- UMRs 1174, University Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 91405 Orsay, France; (L.V.); (S.P.); (A.A.-L.)
| | - Aurélie Abou-Lovergne
- UMRs 1174, University Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 91405 Orsay, France; (L.V.); (S.P.); (A.A.-L.)
| | - Laura Pelletier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France; (L.P.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (J.Z.-R.)
| | - Magali Chiral
- Institut Necker - Enfants Malades (INEM), 14, rue Maria Héléna Vieira da Silva Bâtiment Leriche, 75014 Paris, France; (M.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Pontoglio
- Institut Necker - Enfants Malades (INEM), 14, rue Maria Héléna Vieira da Silva Bâtiment Leriche, 75014 Paris, France; (M.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Fabienne Foufelle
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, Inserm, U1138” Metabolic diseases, diabetes and co-morbidities” F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France; (L.P.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (J.Z.-R.)
| | - Raphael Pineau
- UMRs 1242 “Chemistry, Oncogenesis, stress, Signaling” (COSS), University de Rennes-1, 35042 Rennes, France; (R.P.); (E.C.)
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Sandra Rebouissou
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France; (L.P.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (J.Z.-R.)
| | - Eric Chevet
- UMRs 1242 “Chemistry, Oncogenesis, stress, Signaling” (COSS), University de Rennes-1, 35042 Rennes, France; (R.P.); (E.C.)
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France; (L.P.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (J.Z.-R.)
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Combettes
- UMRs 1174, University Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 91405 Orsay, France; (L.V.); (S.P.); (A.A.-L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +01-6915-6396
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18
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Andersen JP, Zhang J, Sun H, Liu X, Liu J, Nie J, Shi Y. Aster-B coordinates with Arf1 to regulate mitochondrial cholesterol transport. Mol Metab 2020; 42:101055. [PMID: 32738348 PMCID: PMC7476871 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cholesterol plays a pivotal role in mitochondrial steroidogenesis, membrane structure, and respiration. Mitochondrial membranes are intrinsically low in cholesterol content and therefore must be replenished with cholesterol from other subcellular membranes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial cholesterol transport remains poorly understood. The Aster-B gene encodes a cholesterol binding protein recently implicated in cholesterol trafficking from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we investigated the function and underlying mechanism of Aster-B in mediating mitochondrial cholesterol transport. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing was carried out to generate cell lines deficient in Aster-B expression. The effect of Aster-B deficiency on mitochondrial cholesterol transport was examined by both confocal imaging analysis and biochemical assays. Deletion mutational analysis was also carried out to identify the function of a putative mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) at the N-terminus of Aster-B for its role in targeting Aster-B to mitochondria and in mediating mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking. RESULTS Ablation of Aster-B impaired cholesterol transport from the ER to mitochondria, leading to a significant decrease in mitochondrial cholesterol content. Aster-B is also required for mitochondrial transport of fatty acids derived from hydrolysis of cholesterol esters. A putative MTS at the N-terminus of Aster-B mediates the mitochondrial cholesterol uptake. Deletion of the MTS or ablation of Arf1 GTPase which is required for mitochondrial translocation of ER proteins prevented mitochondrial cholesterol transport, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS We identified Aster-B as a key regulator of cholesterol transport from the ER to mitochondria. Aster-B also coordinates mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking with uptake of fatty acids derived from cholesterol esters, implicating the Aster-B protein as a novel regulator of steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-Paul Andersen
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas Research Park Campus - MC 7755, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas Research Park Campus - MC 7755, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Haoran Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xuyun Liu
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas Research Park Campus - MC 7755, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA; Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical, Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical, Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jia Nie
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas Research Park Campus - MC 7755, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Yuguang Shi
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas Research Park Campus - MC 7755, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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19
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Vakhitova YV, Kuzmina US, Voronin MV, Zainullina LF, Seredenin SB. Effect of Fabomotizole on Brain Gene Expression in MR Rats in the Open Field Test. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2019; 488:313-315. [PMID: 31768849 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672919050090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Selective anxiolytic fabomotizole (Afobazol®) has affinity for the Sigma-1 chaperone receptor site, quinone reductase 2 (NQO2) and MAO-A regulatory sites, and melatonin receptor type 1 (MT1 receptor). The analysis of the effect of fabomotizole on the gene expression profile in the brain of MR (Maudsley Reactive) rats was carried out when modeling emotional stress in the open field test. A change in the expression of 14 genes was found, the results of the functional annotation of which showed that the mechanisms of action of fabomotizole may be associated with the regulation of translation of proteins (Rpl5, Rpl15, Ncl, and Ybx1), synaptic functions (Cplx2, Dlg4, Syngap1, Add1, Rab8b, Klc1, and Chn1), and cellular metabolism (Akr1d1, Bcat1, and Pkm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu V Vakhitova
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
| | - U Sh Kuzmina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, 450054, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - M V Voronin
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315, Moscow, Russia
| | - L F Zainullina
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315, Moscow, Russia
| | - S B Seredenin
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315, Moscow, Russia
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20
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Recent Insights into the Mitochondrial Role in Autophagy and Its Regulation by Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3809308. [PMID: 31781334 PMCID: PMC6875203 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3809308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-digestive process that degrades intracellular components, including damaged organelles, to maintain energy homeostasis and to cope with cellular stress. Autophagy plays a key role during development and adult tissue homeostasis, and growing evidence indicates that this catalytic process also has a direct role in modulating aging. Although autophagy is essentially protective, depending on the cellular context and stimuli, autophagy outcome can lead to either abnormal cell growth or cell death. The autophagic process requires a tight regulation, with cellular events following distinct stages and governed by a wide molecular machinery. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been involved in autophagy regulation through multiple signaling pathways, and mitochondria, the main source of endogenous ROS, have emerged as essential signal transducers that mediate autophagy. In the present review, we aim to summarize the regulatory function of mitochondria in the autophagic process, particularly regarding the mitochondrial role as the coordination node in the autophagy signaling pathway, involving mitochondrial oxidative stress, and their participation as membrane donors in the initial steps of autophagosome assembly.
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21
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Zhai M, Liu C, Li Y, Zhang P, Yu Z, Zhu H, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Wang J, Wang J. Dexmedetomidine inhibits neuronal apoptosis by inducing Sigma-1 receptor signaling in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:9556-9568. [PMID: 31682592 PMCID: PMC6874446 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine is known to alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). We established a rat model of CIRI, which exhibited higher neurological deficit scores and a greater number of apoptotic cells in the cerebral ischemic penumbra than controls. Dexmedetomidine reversed the neuronal apoptosis and improved neurological function in this model. We then examined Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) expression on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in brain tissues at different reperfusion time points. Sig-1R expression increased with CIRI and decreased with increasing reperfusion times. After 24 hours of reperfusion, dexmedetomidine upregulated Sig-1R expression, and ER stress proteins (GRP78, CHOP, JNK and Caspase-3) were detected in brain tissues with Western blotting. Moreover, GRP78 expression followed a pattern similar to Sig-1R. Dexmedetomidine induced GRP78 expression but inhibited CHOP, Caspase-3 and phosphorylated-JNK expression in brain tissues. A Sig-1R-specific inhibitor reduced GRP78 expression and partially inhibited the upregulation of GRP78 by dexmedetomidine. The inhibitor also increased CHOP and Caspase-3 expression and partially reversed the inhibitory effects of dexmedetomidine on these pro-apoptotic ER stress proteins. These results suggest that dexmedetomidine at least partially inhibits ER stress-induced apoptosis by activating Sig-1R, thereby attenuating brain damage after 24 hours of ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Laboratory, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin 300140, China
| | - Yuexiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang Province 318000, China
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Schmidt HR, Kruse AC. The Molecular Function of σ Receptors: Past, Present, and Future. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:636-654. [PMID: 31387763 PMCID: PMC6748033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The σ1 and σ2 receptors are enigmatic proteins that have attracted attention for decades due to the chemical diversity and therapeutic potential of their ligands. However, despite ongoing clinical trials with σ receptor ligands for multiple conditions, relatively little is known regarding the molecular function of these receptors. In this review, we revisit past research on σ receptors and discuss the interpretation of these data in light of recent developments. We provide a synthesis of emerging structural and genetic data on the σ1 receptor and discuss the recent cloning of the σ2 receptor. Finally, we discuss the major questions that remain in the study of σ receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden R Schmidt
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Ryskamp DA, Korban S, Zhemkov V, Kraskovskaya N, Bezprozvanny I. Neuronal Sigma-1 Receptors: Signaling Functions and Protective Roles in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:862. [PMID: 31551669 PMCID: PMC6736580 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is a multi-functional, ligand-operated protein situated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes and changes in its function and/or expression have been associated with various neurological disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's (AD) and Huntington's diseases (HD). S1R agonists are broadly neuroprotective and this is achieved through a diversity of S1R-mediated signaling functions that are generally pro-survival and anti-apoptotic; yet, relatively little is known regarding the exact mechanisms of receptor functioning at the molecular level. This review summarizes therapeutically relevant mechanisms by which S1R modulates neurophysiology and implements neuroprotective functions in neurodegenerative diseases. These mechanisms are diverse due to the fact that S1R can bind to and modulate a large range of client proteins, including many ion channels in both ER and plasma membranes. We summarize the effect of S1R on its interaction partners and consider some of the cell type- and disease-specific aspects of these actions. Besides direct protein interactions in the endoplasmic reticulum, S1R is likely to function at the cellular/interorganellar level by altering the activity of several plasmalemmal ion channels through control of trafficking, which may help to reduce excitotoxicity. Moreover, S1R is situated in lipid rafts where it binds cholesterol and regulates lipid and protein trafficking and calcium flux at the mitochondrial-associated membrane (MAM) domain. This may have important implications for MAM stability and function in neurodegenerative diseases as well as cellular bioenergetics. We also summarize the structural and biochemical features of S1R proposed to underlie its activity. In conclusion, S1R is incredibly versatile in its ability to foster neuronal homeostasis in the context of several neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Ryskamp
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Svetlana Korban
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Zhemkov
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Nina Kraskovskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Bezprozvanny
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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24
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Olvera-Sánchez S, Esparza-Perusquía M, Flores-Herrera O, Urban-Sosa VA, Martínez F. Aspectos generales del transporte de colesterol en la esteroidogénesis de la placenta humana. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2019. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2019.0.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
La placenta humana requiere de colesterol para sintetizar la progesterona que mantiene la relación entre el feto y la madre, lo que le permite concluir de manera exitosa el embarazo. La placenta incorpora el colesterol principalmente a través de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) que se obtienen del torrente circulatorio materno por un mecanismo de endocitosis. A los endosomas que se generan en este proceso se les unen varias proteínas conformando los endosomas tardíos, que degradan las LDL y liberan el colesterol a las mitocondrias del sinciciotrofoblasto que lo transforman en pregnenolona y posteriormente en progesterona. Las proteínas de fusión de membranas denominados complejos SNARE participan en la liberación del colesterol en sitios de contacto específicos en donde se localizan las proteínas mitocondriales responsables de la esteroidogénesis.
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26
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Kennedy BE, Charman M, Karten B. Measurement of Mitochondrial Cholesterol Import Using a Mitochondria-Targeted CYP11A1 Fusion Construct. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1583:163-184. [PMID: 28205173 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6875-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
All animal membranes require cholesterol as an essential regulator of biophysical properties and function, but the levels of cholesterol vary widely among different subcellular compartments. Mitochondria, and in particular the inner mitochondrial membrane, have the lowest levels of cholesterol in the cell. Nevertheless, mitochondria need cholesterol for membrane maintenance and biogenesis, as well as oxysterol, steroid, and hepatic bile acid production. Alterations in mitochondrial cholesterol have been associated with a range of pathological conditions, including cancer, hepatosteatosis, cardiac ischemia, Alzheimer's, and Niemann-Pick Type C Disease. The mechanisms of mitochondrial cholesterol import are not fully elucidated yet, and may vary in different cell types and environmental conditions. Measuring cholesterol trafficking to the mitochondrial membranes is technically challenging because of its low abundance; for example, traditional pulse-chase experiments with isotope-labeled cholesterol are not feasible. Here, we describe improvements to a method first developed by the Miller group at the University of California to measure cholesterol trafficking to the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) through the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone. This method uses a mitochondria-targeted, ectopically expressed fusion construct of CYP11A1, ferredoxin reductase and ferredoxin. Pregnenolone is formed exclusively from cholesterol at the IMM, and can be analyzed with high sensitivity and specificity through ELISA or radioimmunoassay of the medium/buffer to reflect mitochondrial cholesterol import. This assay can be used to investigate the effects of genetic or pharmacological interventions on mitochondrial cholesterol import in cultured cells or isolated mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry E Kennedy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building 9G, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Mark Charman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building 9G, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Barbara Karten
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building 9G, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2.
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Liang JJ, Rasmusson AM. Overview of the Molecular Steps in Steroidogenesis of the GABAergic Neurosteroids Allopregnanolone and Pregnanolone. CHRONIC STRESS (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2018; 2:2470547018818555. [PMID: 32440589 PMCID: PMC7219929 DOI: 10.1177/2470547018818555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Allopregnanolone and pregnanolone-neurosteroids synthesized from progesterone in the brain, adrenal gland, ovary and testis-have been implicated in a range of neuropsychiatric conditions including seizure disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, post-partum depression, pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, chronic pain, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, neurotrauma, and stroke. Allopregnanolone and pregnanolone equipotently facilitate the effects of gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) at GABAA receptors, and when sulfated, antagonize N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. They play myriad roles in neurophysiological homeostasis and adaptation to stress while exerting anxiolytic, antidepressant, anti-nociceptive, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, sleep promoting, memory stabilizing, neuroprotective, pro-myelinating, and neurogenic effects. Given that these neurosteroids are synthesized de novo on demand, this review details the molecular steps involved in the biochemical conversion of cholesterol to allopregnanolone and pregnanolone within steroidogenic cells. Although much is known about the early steps in neurosteroidogenesis, less is known about transcriptional, translational, and post-translational processes in allopregnanolone- and pregnanolone-specific synthesis. Further research to elucidate these mechanisms as well as to optimize the timing and dose of interventions aimed at altering the synthesis or levels of these neurosteroids is much needed. This should include the development of novel therapeutics for the many neuropsychiatric conditions to which dysregulation of these neurosteroids contributes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann M. Rasmusson
- Boston
University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,
USA
- National Center for PTSD, Women’s Health
Science Division, Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA,
USA
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28
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Wu S, Lu Q, Wang Q, Ding Y, Ma Z, Mao X, Huang K, Xie Z, Zou MH. Binding of FUN14 Domain Containing 1 With Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor in Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes Maintains Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function in Hearts in Vivo. Circulation 2017; 136:2248-2266. [PMID: 28942427 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.030235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) is a highly conserved outer mitochondrial membrane protein. The aim of this study is to examine whether FUNDC1 modulates the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs), mitochondrial morphology, and function in cardiomyocytes and intact hearts. METHODS The impacts of FUNDC1 on MAMs formation and cardiac functions were studied in mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes, in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific Fundc1 gene knockout (Fundc1f/Y/CreαMyHC+/- ), and in the cardiac tissues of the patients with heart failure. RESULTS In mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes and intact hearts, FUNDC1 was localized in MAMs by binding to ER-resided inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type 2 receptor (IP3R2). Fundc1 ablation disrupted MAMs and reduced the levels of IP3R2 and Ca2+ in both mitochondria and cytosol, whereas overexpression of Fundc1 increased the levels of IP3R2 and Ca2+ in both mitochondria and cytosol. Consistently, Fundc1 ablation increased Ca2+ levels in ER, whereas Fundc1 overexpression lowered ER Ca2+ levels. Further, Fundc1 ablation in cardiomyocytes elongated mitochondria and compromised mitochondrial functions. Mechanistically, we found that Fundc1 ablation-induced reduction of intracellular Ca2+ levels suppressed mitochondrial fission 1 protein (Fis1) expression and mitochondrial fission by reducing the binding of the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the Fis1 promoter. Fundc1f/Y/CreαMyHC+/- mice but not their littermate control mice (Fundc1wt/Y/CreαMyHC+/- ) exhibited cardiac dysfunction. The ligation of the left ventricle artery of Fundc1f/Y/CreαMyHC+/- mice caused more severe cardiac dysfunction than those in sham-treated Fundc1f/Y/CreαMyHC+/- mice. Finally, we found that the FUNDC1/MAMs/CREB/Fis1 signaling axis was significantly suppressed in patients with heart failure. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that FUNDC1 binds to IP3R2 to modulate ER Ca2+ release into mitochondria and cytosol. Further, a disruption of the FUNDC1 and IP3R2 interaction lowers the levels of Ca2+ in mitochondria and cytosol, both of which instigate aberrant mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.)
| | - Qiulun Lu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.)
| | - Qilong Wang
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.)
| | - Ye Ding
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.)
| | - Zejun Ma
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.)
| | - Xiaoxiang Mao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.)
| | - Kai Huang
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.)
| | - Zhonglin Xie
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.).
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (S.W., Q.L., Q.W., Y.D., Z.M., Z.X., M.-H.Z.). Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China (X.M., K.H.).
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Weng TY, Tsai SYA, Su TP. Roles of sigma-1 receptors on mitochondrial functions relevant to neurodegenerative diseases. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:74. [PMID: 28917260 PMCID: PMC5603014 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is a chaperone that resides mainly at the mitochondrion-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (called the MAMs) and acts as a dynamic pluripotent modulator in living systems. At the MAM, the Sig-1R is known to play a role in regulating the Ca2+ signaling between ER and mitochondria and in maintaining the structural integrity of the MAM. The MAM serves as bridges between ER and mitochondria regulating multiple functions such as Ca2+ transfer, energy exchange, lipid synthesis and transports, and protein folding that are pivotal to cell survival and defense. Recently, emerging evidences indicate that the MAM is critical in maintaining neuronal homeostasis. Thus, given the specific localization of the Sig-1R at the MAM, we highlight and propose that the direct or indirect regulations of the Sig-1R on mitochondrial functions may relate to neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In addition, the promising use of Sig-1R ligands to rescue mitochondrial dysfunction-induced neurodegeneration is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Weng
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, DHHS, IRP, NIDA/NIH, Triad Bldg. suite 3512, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yi Anne Tsai
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, DHHS, IRP, NIDA/NIH, Triad Bldg. suite 3512, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Tsung-Ping Su
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, DHHS, IRP, NIDA/NIH, Triad Bldg. suite 3512, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
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30
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Skrzycki M, Czeczot H, Mielczarek-Puta M, Otto-Ślusarczyk D, Graboń W. Effect of different concentrations of oxygen on expression of sigma 1 receptor and superoxide dismutases in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2017; 37:252-258. [PMID: 27829319 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2016.1217882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Tumor cells due to distance from capillary vessels exist in different oxygenation conditions (anoxia, hypoxia, normoxia). Changes in cell oxygenation lead to reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress. Sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R) is postulated to be stress responding agent and superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and SOD2) are key antioxidant enzymes. It is possible that they participate in tumor cells adaptation to different concentrations of oxygen. OBJECTIVE Evaluation of Sig1R, SOD1, and SOD2 expression in different concentrations of oxygen (1%, 10%, 21%) in colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS SW480 (primary adenocarcinoma) and SW620 (metastatic) cell lines were cultured in standard conditions in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium for 5 days, and next cultured in Hypoxic Chamber in 1% O2, 10% O2, 21% O2. Number of living cells was determined by trypan blue assay. Level of mRNA for Sig1R, SOD1, and SOD2 was determined by standard PCR method. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistica 10.1 software. RESULTS We observed significant changes in expression of Sig1R, SOD1, SOD2 due to different oxygen concentrations. ANOVA analysis revealed significant interactions between studied parameters mainly in hypoxia conditions in SW480 cells and between Sig1R and SOD2 in SW620 cells. It also showed that changes in expression of studied proteins depend significantly on type of the cell line. CONCLUSION Changes of Sig1R and SOD2 expression point to mitochondria as main organelle responsible for survival of tumor cells exposed to hypoxia or oxidative stress. Studied proteins are involved in intracellular response to stress related with different concentrations of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Skrzycki
- a Department of Biochemistry , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Hanna Czeczot
- a Department of Biochemistry , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | | | - Wojciech Graboń
- a Department of Biochemistry , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
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Zhang K, Zhao Z, Lan L, Wei X, Wang L, Liu X, Yan H, Zheng J. Sigma-1 Receptor Plays a Negative Modulation on N-type Calcium Channel. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:302. [PMID: 28603497 PMCID: PMC5445107 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor is a 223 amino acids molecular chaperone with a single transmembrane domain. It is resident to eukaryotic mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membranes. By chaperone-mediated interactions with ion channels, G-protein coupled receptors and cell-signaling molecules, the sigma-1 receptor performs broad physiological and pharmacological functions. Despite sigma-1 receptors have been confirmed to regulate various types of ion channels, the relationship between the sigma-1 receptor and N-type Ca2+ channel is still unclear. Considering both sigma-1 receptors and N-type Ca2+ channels are involved in intracellular calcium homeostasis and neurotransmission, we undertake studies to explore the possible interaction between these two proteins. In the experiment, we confirmed the expression of the sigma-1 receptors and the N-type calcium channels in the cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) in rat striatum by using single-cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (scRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining. N-type Ca2+ currents recorded from ChIs in the brain slice of rat striatum was depressed when sigma-1 receptor agonists (SKF-10047 and Pre-084) were administrated. The inhibition was completely abolished by sigma-1 receptor antagonist (BD-1063). Co-expression of the sigma-1 receptors and the N-type calcium channels in Xenopus oocytes presented a decrease of N-type Ca2+ current amplitude with an increase of sigma-1 receptor expression. SKF-10047 could further depress N-type Ca2+ currents recorded from oocytes. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) demonstrated that sigma-1 receptors and N-type Ca2+ channels formed a protein complex when they were co-expressed in HEK-293T (Human Embryonic Kidney -293T) cells. Our results revealed that the sigma-1 receptors played a negative modulation on N-type Ca2+ channels. The mechanism for the inhibition of sigma-1 receptors on N-type Ca2+ channels probably involved a chaperone-mediated direct interaction and agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptor-channel complexes on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Liting Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China
| | - Liyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China
| | - Haitao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China
| | - Jianquan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China
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Lopez-Crisosto C, Pennanen C, Vasquez-Trincado C, Morales PE, Bravo-Sagua R, Quest AFG, Chiong M, Lavandero S. Sarcoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Nat Rev Cardiol 2017; 14:342-360. [PMID: 28275246 DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive, calcium-mediated contractile activity renders cardiomyocytes critically dependent on a sustained energy supply and adequate calcium buffering, both of which are provided by mitochondria. Moreover, in vascular smooth muscle cells, mitochondrial metabolism modulates cell growth and proliferation, whereas cytosolic calcium levels regulate the arterial vascular tone. Physical and functional communication between mitochondria and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum and balanced mitochondrial dynamics seem to have a critical role for optimal calcium transfer to mitochondria, which is crucial in calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial metabolism in both types of muscle cells. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with myocardial damage and dysregulation of vascular smooth muscle proliferation. Therefore, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria coupling and mitochondrial dynamics are now viewed as relevant factors in the pathogenesis of cardiac and vascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this Review, we summarize the evidence related to the role of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication in cardiac and vascular muscle physiology, with a focus on how perturbations contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Lopez-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Christian Pennanen
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Cesar Vasquez-Trincado
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile.,Instituto de Nutricion y Tecnologia de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Avenida El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Celula (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Celula (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
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Prasad M, Pawlak KJ, Burak WE, Perry EE, Marshall B, Whittal RM, Bose HS. Mitochondrial metabolic regulation by GRP78. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1602038. [PMID: 28275724 PMCID: PMC5325540 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Steroids, essential for mammalian survival, are initiated by cholesterol transport by steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). Appropriate protein folding is an essential requirement of activity. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones assist in folding of cytoplasmic proteins, whereas mitochondrial chaperones fold only mitochondrial proteins. We show that glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), a master ER chaperone, is also present at the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM), where it folds StAR for delivery to the outer mitochondrial membrane. StAR expression and activity are drastically reduced following GRP78 knockdown. StAR folding starts at the MAM region; thus, its cholesterol fostering capacity is regulated by GRP78 long before StAR reaches the mitochondria. In summary, GRP78 is an acute regulator of steroidogenesis at the MAM, regulating the intermediate folding of StAR that is crucial for its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Prasad
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
| | - Kevin J. Pawlak
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
| | - William E. Burak
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
- Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
| | - Elizabeth E. Perry
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Brendan Marshall
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Randy M. Whittal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Himangshu S. Bose
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
- Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Missiroli S, Danese A, Iannitti T, Patergnani S, Perrone M, Previati M, Giorgi C, Pinton P. Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria Ca 2+ crosstalk in the control of the tumor cell fate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:858-864. [PMID: 28064002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated membranes are juxtaposed between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria and have been identified as a critical hub in the regulation of apoptosis and tumor growth. One key function of mitochondria-associated membranes is to provide asylum to a number of proteins with tumor suppressor and oncogenic properties. In this review, we discuss how Ca2+ flux manipulation represents the primary mechanism underlying the action of several oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes and how these networks might be manipulated to provide novel therapies for cancer. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: ECS Meeting edited by Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs and Jacques Haiech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Missiroli
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Danese
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Iannitti
- KWS BioTest, Marine View Office Park, Portishead, Somerset BS20 7AW, UK
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariasole Perrone
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Previati
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies(LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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35
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Aufschnaiter A, Kohler V, Diessl J, Peselj C, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Keller W, Büttner S. Mitochondrial lipids in neurodegeneration. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 367:125-140. [PMID: 27449929 PMCID: PMC5203858 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2463-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature of many neurodegenerative diseases, including proteinopathies such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, which are characterized by the deposition of aggregated proteins in the form of insoluble fibrils or plaques. The distinct molecular processes that eventually result in mitochondrial dysfunction during neurodegeneration are well studied but still not fully understood. However, defects in mitochondrial fission and fusion, mitophagy, oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial bioenergetics have been linked to cellular demise. These processes are influenced by the lipid environment within mitochondrial membranes as, besides membrane structure and curvature, recruitment and activity of different proteins also largely depend on the respective lipid composition. Hence, the interaction of neurotoxic proteins with certain lipids and the modification of lipid composition in different cell compartments, in particular mitochondria, decisively impact cell death associated with neurodegeneration. Here, we discuss the relevance of mitochondrial lipids in the pathological alterations that result in neuronal demise, focussing on proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Aufschnaiter
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Verena Kohler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jutta Diessl
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlotta Peselj
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Didac Carmona-Gutierrez
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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36
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Miller WL. Disorders in the initial steps of steroid hormone synthesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 165:18-37. [PMID: 26960203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Steroidogenesis begins with cellular internalization of low-density lipoprotein particles and subsequent intracellular processing of cholesterol. Disorders in these steps include Adrenoleukodystrophy, Wolman Disease and its milder variant Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease, and Niemann-Pick Type C Disease, all of which may present with adrenal insufficiency. The means by which cholesterol is directed to steroidogenic mitochondria remains incompletely understood. Once cholesterol reaches the outer mitochondrial membrane, its delivery to the inner mitochondrial membrane is regulated by the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). Severe StAR mutations cause classic congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, characterized by lipid accumulation in the adrenal, adrenal insufficiency, and disordered sexual development in 46,XY individuals. The lipoid CAH phenotype, including spontaneous puberty in 46,XX females, is explained by a two-hit model. StAR mutations that retain partial function cause a milder, non-classic disease characterized by glucocorticoid deficiency, with lesser disorders of mineralocorticoid and sex steroid synthesis. Once inside the mitochondria, cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone by the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc, encoded by the CYP11A1 gene. Rare patients with mutations of P450scc are clinically and hormonally indistinguishable from those with lipoid CAH, and may also present as milder non-classic disease. Patients with P450scc defects do not have the massive adrenal hyperplasia that characterizes lipoid CAH, but adrenal imaging may occasionally fail to distinguish these, necessitating DNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter L Miller
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0556, United States.
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37
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Over Six Decades of Discovery and Characterization of the Architecture at Mitochondria-Associated Membranes (MAMs). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 997:13-31. [PMID: 28815519 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4567-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of proteins regulating ER-mitochondria tethering including phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 (PACS-2) and mitofusin-2 has pushed contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria into the spotlight of cell biology. While the field is developing rapidly and controversies have come and gone multiple times during its history, it is sometimes overlooked that significant research has been done decades ago with the original discovery of these structures in the 1950s and the first characterization of their function (and coining of the term mitochondria-associated membrane, MAM) in 1990. Today, an ever-increasing array of proteins localize to the MAM fraction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to regulate the interaction of this organelle with mitochondria. These mitochondria-ER contacts, sometimes referred to as MERCs, regulate a multitude of biological functions, including lipid metabolism, Ca2+ signaling, bioenergetics, inflammation, autophagy, mitochondrial structure, and apoptosis.
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38
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Elustondo P, Martin LA, Karten B. Mitochondrial cholesterol import. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1862:90-101. [PMID: 27565112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All animal subcellular membranes require cholesterol, which influences membrane fluidity and permeability, fission and fusion processes, and membrane protein function. The distribution of cholesterol among subcellular membranes is highly heterogeneous and the cholesterol content of each membrane must be carefully regulated. Compared to other subcellular membranes, mitochondrial membranes are cholesterol-poor, particularly the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). As a result, steroidogenesis can be controlled through the delivery of cholesterol to the IMM, where it is converted to pregnenolone. The low basal levels of cholesterol also make mitochondria sensitive to changes in cholesterol content, which can have a relatively large impact on the biophysical and functional characteristics of mitochondrial membranes. Increased mitochondrial cholesterol levels have been observed in diverse pathological conditions including cancer, steatohepatitis, Alzheimer disease and Niemann-Pick Type C1-deficiency, and are associated with increased oxidative stress, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, and changes in the susceptibility to apoptosis, among other alterations in mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are not included in the vesicular trafficking network; therefore, cholesterol transport to mitochondria is mostly achieved through the activity of lipid transfer proteins at membrane contact sites or by cytosolic, diffusible lipid transfer proteins. Here we will give an overview of the main mechanisms involved in mitochondrial cholesterol import, focusing on the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein StAR/STARD1 and other members of the StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain protein family, and we will discuss how changes in mitochondrial cholesterol levels can arise and affect mitochondrial function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipids of Mitochondria edited by Guenther Daum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Elustondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Laura A Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Barbara Karten
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
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39
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VDAC2-specific cellular functions and the underlying structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2503-14. [PMID: 27116927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Voltage Dependent Anion-selective Channel 2 (VDAC2) contributes to oxidative metabolism by sharing a role in solute transport across the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) with other isoforms of the VDAC family, VDAC1 and VDAC3. Recent studies revealed that VDAC2 also has a distinctive role in mediating sarcoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria local Ca(2+) transport at least in cardiomyocytes, which is unlikely to be explained simply by the expression level of VDAC2. Furthermore, a strictly isoform-dependent VDAC2 function was revealed in the mitochondrial import and OMM-permeabilizing function of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, primarily Bak in many cell types. In addition, emerging evidence indicates a variety of other isoform-specific engagements for VDAC2. Since VDAC isoforms display 75% sequence similarity, the distinctive structure underlying VDAC2-specific functions is an intriguing problem. In this paper we summarize studies of VDAC2 structure and functions, which suggest a fundamental and exclusive role for VDAC2 in health and disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Channels edited by Pierre Sonveaux, Pierre Maechler and Jean-Claude Martinou.
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40
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Su TP, Su TC, Nakamura Y, Tsai SY. The Sigma-1 Receptor as a Pluripotent Modulator in Living Systems. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:262-278. [PMID: 26869505 PMCID: PMC4811735 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that resides specifically in the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (MAM), an interface between ER and mitochondria. In addition to being able to translocate to the plasma membrane (PM) to interact with ion channels and other receptors, Sig-1R also occurs at the nuclear envelope, where it recruits chromatin-remodeling factors to affect the transcription of genes. Sig-1Rs have also been reported to interact with other membranous or soluble proteins at other loci, including the cytosol, and to be involved in several central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Here, we propose that Sig-1R is a pluripotent modulator with resultant multiple functional manifestations in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ping Su
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Tzu-Chieh Su
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yoki Nakamura
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Shang-Yi Tsai
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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41
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Midzak A, Papadopoulos V. Adrenal Mitochondria and Steroidogenesis: From Individual Proteins to Functional Protein Assemblies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:106. [PMID: 27524977 PMCID: PMC4965458 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The adrenal cortex is critical for physiological function as the central site of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid synthesis. It possesses a great degree of specialized compartmentalization at multiple hierarchical levels, ranging from the tissue down to the molecular levels. In this paper, we discuss this functionalization, beginning with the tissue zonation of the adrenal cortex and how this impacts steroidogenic output. We then discuss the cellular biology of steroidogenesis, placing special emphasis on the mitochondria. Mitochondria are classically known as the "powerhouses of the cell" for their central role in respiratory adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and attention is given to mitochondrial electron transport, in both the context of mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial steroid metabolism. Building on work demonstrating functional assembly of large protein complexes in respiration, we further review research demonstrating a role for multimeric protein complexes in mitochondrial cholesterol transport, steroidogenesis, and mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact. We aim to highlight with this review the shift in steroidogenic cell biology from a focus on the actions of individual proteins in isolation to the actions of protein assemblies working together to execute cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Midzak
- Research Institute of the McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Andrew Midzak, ; Vassilios Papadopoulos,
| | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- Research Institute of the McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Andrew Midzak, ; Vassilios Papadopoulos,
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42
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Martinez F, Olvera-Sanchez S, Esparza-Perusquia M, Gomez-Chang E, Flores-Herrera O. Multiple functions of syncytiotrophoblast mitochondria. Steroids 2015; 103:11-22. [PMID: 26435077 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The human placenta plays a central role in pregnancy, and the syncytiotrophoblast cells are the main components of the placenta that support the relationship between the mother and fetus, in apart through the production of progesterone. In this review, the metabolic processes performed by syncytiotrophoblast mitochondria associated with placental steroidogenesis are described. The metabolism of cholesterol, specifically how this steroid hormone precursor reaches the mitochondria, and its transformation into progesterone are reviewed. The role of nucleotides in steroidogenesis, as well as the mechanisms associated with signal transduction through protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins is discussed. Finally, topics that require further research are identified, including the need for new techniques to study the syncytiotrophoblast in situ using non-invasive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Martinez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-159, Coyoacan 04510, México, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Sofia Olvera-Sanchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-159, Coyoacan 04510, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Mercedes Esparza-Perusquia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-159, Coyoacan 04510, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Erika Gomez-Chang
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-159, Coyoacan 04510, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Oscar Flores-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-159, Coyoacan 04510, México, D.F., Mexico
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43
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Abstract
This review compares the biological and physiological function of Sigma receptors [σRs] and their potential therapeutic roles. Sigma receptors are widespread in the central nervous system and across multiple peripheral tissues. σRs consist of sigma receptor one (σ1R) and sigma receptor two (σ2R) and are expressed in numerous regions of the brain. The sigma receptor was originally proposed as a subtype of opioid receptors and was suggested to contribute to the delusions and psychoses induced by benzomorphans such as SKF-10047 and pentazocine. Later studies confirmed that σRs are non-opioid receptors (not an µ opioid receptor) and play a more diverse role in intracellular signaling, apoptosis and metabolic regulation. σ1Rs are intracellular receptors acting as chaperone proteins that modulate Ca2+ signaling through the IP3 receptor. They dynamically translocate inside cells, hence are transmembrane proteins. The σ1R receptor, at the mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane, is responsible for mitochondrial metabolic regulation and promotes mitochondrial energy depletion and apoptosis. Studies have demonstrated that they play a role as a modulator of ion channels (K+ channels; N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors [NMDAR]; inositol 1,3,5 triphosphate receptors) and regulate lipid transport and metabolism, neuritogenesis, cellular differentiation and myelination in the brain. σ1R modulation of Ca2+ release, modulation of cardiac myocyte contractility and may have links to G-proteins. It has been proposed that σ1Rs are intracellular signal transduction amplifiers. This review of the literature examines the mechanism of action of the σRs, their interaction with neurotransmitters, pharmacology, location and adverse effects mediated through them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin G Rousseaux
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada and
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44
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Cellular stress responses in hepatitis C virus infection: Mastering a two-edged sword. Virus Res 2015; 209:100-17. [PMID: 25836277 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects chronically more than 150 million humans worldwide. Chronic HCV infection causes severe liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. While immune response-mediated events are major players in HCV pathogenesis, the impact that viral replication has on cellular homeostasis is increasingly recognized as a necessary contributor to pathological manifestations of HCV infection such as steatosis, insulin-resistance or liver cancer. In this review, we will briefly overview the different cellular stress pathways that are induced by hepatitis C virus infection, the response that the cell promotes to attempt regaining homeostasis or to induce dysfunctional cell death, and how the virus co-opts these response mechanisms to promote both viral replication and survival of the infected cell. We will review the role of unfolded protein and oxidative stress responses as well as the role of auto- and mitophagy in HCV infection. Finally, we will discuss the recent discovery of a cellular chaperone involved in stress responses, the sigma-1 receptor, as a cellular factor required at the onset of HCV infection and the potential molecular events underlying the proviral role of this cellular factor in HCV infection.
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45
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Prasad M, Kaur J, Pawlak KJ, Bose M, Whittal RM, Bose HS. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) regulates steroidogenic activity via steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)-voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) interaction. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:2604-16. [PMID: 25505173 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.605808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones are essential for carbohydrate metabolism, stress management, and reproduction and are synthesized from cholesterol in mitochondria of adrenal glands and gonads/ovaries. In acute stress or hormonal stimulation, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) transports substrate cholesterol into the mitochondria for steroidogenesis by an unknown mechanism. Here, we report for the first time that StAR interacts with voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) prior to its translocation to the mitochondrial matrix. In the MAM, StAR interacts with mitochondrial proteins Tom22 and VDAC2. However, Tom22 knockdown by siRNA had no effect on pregnenolone synthesis. In the absence of VDAC2, StAR was expressed but not processed into the mitochondria as a mature 30-kDa protein. VDAC2 interacted with StAR via its C-terminal 20 amino acids and N-terminal amino acids 221-229, regulating the mitochondrial processing of StAR into the mature protein. In the absence of VDAC2, StAR could not enter the mitochondria or interact with MAM-associated proteins, and therefore steroidogenesis was inhibited. Furthermore, the N terminus was not essential for StAR activity, and the N-terminal deletion mutant continued to interact with VDAC2. The endoplasmic reticulum-targeting prolactin signal sequence did not affect StAR association with the MAM and thus its mitochondrial targeting. Therefore, VDAC2 controls StAR processing and activity, and MAM is thus a central location for initiating mitochondrial steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Prasad
- From the Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia 31404
| | - Jasmeet Kaur
- From the Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia 31404
| | - Kevin J Pawlak
- From the Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia 31404
| | - Mahuya Bose
- Center of Excellence for Health Regeneration Biotechnology, Florida Biologix, University of Florida, Alachua, Florida 32615, Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Randy M Whittal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Alberta T6G2G2, Canada, and
| | - Himangshu S Bose
- From the Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia 31404, Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia 31404
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46
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Sun B, Kawahara M, Ehata S, Nagamune T. AAG8 promotes carcinogenesis by activating STAT3. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1863-9. [PMID: 24726897 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of signalling pathways by changes of gene expression contributes to hallmarks of cancer. The ubiquitously expressed chaperone protein AAG8 (aging-associated gene 8 protein, encoded by the SIGMAR1 gene) is often found to be overexpressed in various cancers. AAG8 is involved in ER (endoplasmic reticulum)-associated degradation and has been intensively elaborated in neuroscience. However, its rationale in carcinogenesis has rarely been noticed. In this study, we explored the intrinsic oncogenetic roles of AAG8 in cancer cells and found that AAG8 promoted carcinogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. We further characterized AAG8, for the first time to our knowledge, as a STAT3 activator and elucidated that it alternatively activated STAT3 in addition to IL6/JAK pathway. Based on these findings and a drug screening study, we demonstrated that combined inhibition of AAG8 and IL6/JAK signalling synergistically limits cancer cell growth. Taken together, our findings shed light on the fundamental evidences for identification of AAG8 as an oncoprotein and potential target for cancer prevention, as well as highlight the importance of ER proteins in contributing to JAK/STAT signaling and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shogo Ehata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nagamune
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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47
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Sun B, Kawahara M, Nagamune T. Modeling tandem AAG8-MEK inhibition in melanoma cells. Cancer Med 2014; 3:710-8. [PMID: 24634165 PMCID: PMC4101763 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance presents a challenge to the treatment of cancer patients, especially for melanomas, most of which are caused by the hyperactivation of MAPK signaling pathway. Innate or acquired drug-resistant relapse calls for the investigation of the resistant mechanisms and new anti-cancer drugs to provide implications for the ultimate goal of curative therapy. Aging-associated gene 8 (AAG8, encoded by the SIGMAR1 gene) is a chaperone protein profoundly elaborated in neurology. However, roles of AAG8 in carcinogenesis remain unclear. Herein, we discover AAG8 antagonists as new MEK inhibitors in melanoma cells and propose a novel drug combination strategy for melanoma therapy by presenting the experimental evidences. We report that specific antagonism of AAG8, efficiently suppresses melanoma cell growth and migration through, at least in part, the inactivation of the RAS-CRAF-MEK signaling pathway. We further demonstrate that melanoma cells that are resistant to AAG8 antagonist harbor refractory CRAF-MEK activity. MEK acts as a central mediator for anti-cancer effects and also for the resistance mechanism, leading to our proposal of tandem AAG8-MEK inhibition in melanoma cells. Combination of AAG8 antagonist and very low concentration of a MEK inhibitor synergistically restricts the growth of drug-resistant cells. These data collectively pinpoint AAG8 as a potential target and delineate a promising drug combination strategy for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nagamune
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
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48
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Mancuso R, del Valle J, Morell M, Pallás M, Osta R, Navarro X. Lack of synergistic effect of resveratrol and sigma-1 receptor agonist (PRE-084) in SOD1G⁹³A ALS mice: overlapping effects or limited therapeutic opportunity? Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:78. [PMID: 24885036 PMCID: PMC4035830 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motoneurons (MNs) in the spinal cord, brainstem and motor cortex, causing progressive paralysis and death. Nowadays, there is no effective therapy and most patients die 2-5 years after diagnosis. Sigma-1R is a transmembrane protein highly expressed in the CNS and specially enriched in MNs. Mutations on the Sigma-1R leading to frontotemporal lobar degeneration-ALS were recently described in human patients. We previously reported the therapeutic role of the selective sigma-1R agonist 2-(4-morpholi-nethyl)1-phenylcyclohexanecarboxylate (PRE-084) in SOD1G93A ALS mice, that promoted spinal MN preservation and extended animal survival by controlling NMDA receptor calcium influx. Resveratrol (RSV, trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenol with promising neuroprotective effects. We recently found that RSV administration to SOD1G93A mice preserves spinal MN function and increases mice survival. These beneficial effects were associated to activation of Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways, leading to the modulation of autophagy and an increase of mitochondrial biogenesis. The main goal of this work was to assess the effect of combined RSV and PRE-084 administration in SOD1G93A ALS mice. METHODS We determined the locomotor performance of the animals by rotarod test and evaluated spinal motoneuron function using electrophysiological tests. RESULTS RSV plus PRE-084 treatment from 8 weeks of age significantly improved locomotor performance and spinal MN function, accompanied by a significant reduction of MN degeneration and an extension of mice lifespan. In agreement with our previous findings, there was an induction of PKC-specific phosphorylation of the NMDA-NR1 subunit and an increased expression and activation of Sirt1 and AMPK in the ventral spinal cord of treated SOD1G93A animals. CONCLUSIONS Although combined PRE and RSV treatment significantly ameliorated SOD1G93A mice, it did not show a synergistic effect compared to RSV-only and PRE-084-only treated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Mancuso
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jaume del Valle
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marta Morell
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mercé Pallás
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, and CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario Osta
- Laboratory of Genetic Biochemistry (LAGENBIO-I3A), Aragon Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
- Unitat de Fisiologia Mèdica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra E-08193, Spain
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49
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Barbero-Camps E, Fernández A, Baulies A, Martinez L, Fernández-Checa JC, Colell A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates amyloid β neurotoxicity via mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:2066-81. [PMID: 24815354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted cholesterol homeostasis has been reported in Alzheimer disease and is thought to contribute to disease progression by promoting amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation. In particular, mitochondrial cholesterol enrichment has been shown to sensitize to Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the increased cholesterol levels and its trafficking to mitochondria in Alzheimer disease remain poorly understood. Here, we show that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggered by Aβ promotes cholesterol synthesis and mitochondrial cholesterol influx, resulting in mitochondrial glutathione (mGSH) depletion in older age amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 (APP/PS1) mice. Mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation was associated with increased expression of mitochondrial-associated ER membrane proteins, which favor cholesterol translocation from ER to mitochondria along with specific cholesterol carriers, particularly the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. In vivo treatment with the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid prevented mitochondrial cholesterol loading and mGSH depletion, thereby protecting APP/PS1 mice against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Similar protection was observed with GSH ethyl ester administration, which replenishes mGSH without affecting the unfolded protein response, thus positioning mGSH depletion downstream of ER stress. Overall, these results indicate that Aβ-mediated ER stress and increased mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking contribute to the pathologic progression observed in old APP/PS1 mice, and that ER stress inhibitors may be explored as therapeutic agents for Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Barbero-Camps
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Biomedical Research Institute of Barcelona - Higher Council for Scientific Research (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), the Center for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Fernández
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Biomedical Research Institute of Barcelona - Higher Council for Scientific Research (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), the Center for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Baulies
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Biomedical Research Institute of Barcelona - Higher Council for Scientific Research (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), the Center for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Martinez
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Biomedical Research Institute of Barcelona - Higher Council for Scientific Research (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), the Center for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Biomedical Research Institute of Barcelona - Higher Council for Scientific Research (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), the Center for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Anna Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Biomedical Research Institute of Barcelona - Higher Council for Scientific Research (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), the Center for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.
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50
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Nieto FR, Cendán CM, Cañizares FJ, Cubero MA, Vela JM, Fernández-Segura E, Baeyens JM. Genetic inactivation and pharmacological blockade of sigma-1 receptors prevent paclitaxel-induced sensory-nerve mitochondrial abnormalities and neuropathic pain in mice. Mol Pain 2014; 10:11. [PMID: 24517272 PMCID: PMC3924235 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-10-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel, a widely-used antineoplastic drug, produces a painful peripheral neuropathy that in rodents is associated with peripheral-nerve mitochondrial alterations. The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is a ligand-regulated molecular chaperone involved in mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and pain hypersensitivity. This receptor plays a key role in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain, but it is not known whether it also modulates mitochondrial abnormalities.In this study, we used a mouse model of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain to test the involvement of the σ1R in the mitochondrial abnormalities associated with paclitaxel, by using genetic (σ1R knockout mice) and pharmacological (σ1R antagonist) approaches. RESULTS Paclitaxel administration to wild-type (WT) mice produced cold- and mechanical-allodynia, and an increase in the frequency of swollen and vacuolated mitochondria in myelinated A-fibers, but not in C-fibers, of the saphenous nerve. Behavioral and mitochondrial alterations were marked at 10 days after paclitaxel-administration and had resolved at day 28. In contrast, paclitaxel treatment did not induce allodynia or mitochondrial abnormalities in σ1R knockout mice. Moreover, the prophylactic treatment of WT mice with BD-1063 also prevented the neuropathic pain and mitochondrial abnormalities induced by paclitaxel. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that activation of the σ1R is necessary for development of the sensory nerve mitochondrial damage and neuropathic pain produced by paclitaxel. Therefore, σ1R antagonists might have therapeutic value for the prevention of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco R Nieto
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Current address: Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King’s College London, Wolfson Wing, Hodgkin Building, SE1 1UL London, UK
| | - Cruz M Cendán
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Cañizares
- Department of Histology, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - María A Cubero
- Department of Histology, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Vela
- Esteve, Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 4-8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernández-Segura
- Department of Histology, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Baeyens
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
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