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Beane CR, Lewis DG, Bruns Vi N, Pikus KL, Durfee MH, Zegarelli RA, Perry TW, Sandoval O, Radke AK. Cholinergic mu-opioid receptor deletion alters reward preference and aversion-resistance. Neuropharmacology 2024; 255:110019. [PMID: 38810926 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The endogenous opioid system has been implicated in alcohol consumption and preference in both humans and animals. The mu opioid receptor (MOR) is expressed on multiple cells in the striatum, however little is known about the contributions of specific MOR populations to alcohol drinking behaviors. The current study used mice with a genetic deletion of MOR in cholinergic cells (ChAT-Cre/Oprm1fl/fl) to examine the role of MORs expressed in cholinergic interneurons (CINs) in home cage self-administration paradigms. Male and female ChAT-Cre/Oprm1fl/fl mice were generated and heterozygous Cre+ (knockout) and Cre- (control) mice were tested for alcohol consumption in two drinking paradigms: limited access "Drinking in the Dark" and intermittent access. Quinine was added to the drinking bottles in the DID experiment to test aversion-resistant, "compulsive" drinking. Nicotine and sucrose drinking were also assessed so comparisons could be made with other rewarding substances. Cholinergic MOR deletion did not influence consumption or preference for ethanol (EtOH) in either drinking task. Differences were observed in aversion-resistance in males with Cre + mice tolerating lower concentrations of quinine than Cre-. In contrast to EtOH, preference for nicotine was reduced following cholinergic MOR deletion while sucrose consumption and preference was increased in Cre+ (vs. Cre-) females. Locomotor activity was also greater in females following the deletion. These results suggest that cholinergic MORs participate in preference for rewarding substances. Further, while they are not required for consumption of alcohol alone, cholinergic MORs may influence the tendency to drink despite negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cambria R Beane
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Delainey G Lewis
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Nicolaus Bruns Vi
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Kat L Pikus
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Mary H Durfee
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Roman A Zegarelli
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Thomas W Perry
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Oscar Sandoval
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Anna K Radke
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
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Williams BM, Steed ND, Woolley JT, Moedl AA, Nelson CA, Jones GC, Burris MD, Arias HR, Kim OH, Jang EY, Hone AJ, McIntosh JM, Yorgason JT, Steffensen SC. Catharanthine Modulates Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission and Nicotine Psychomotor Effects via Inhibition of α6-Nicotinic Receptors and Dopamine Transporters. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1738-1754. [PMID: 38613458 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Iboga alkaloids, also known as coronaridine congeners, have shown promise in the treatment of alcohol and opioid use disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of catharanthine and 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) on dopamine (DA) transmission and cholinergic interneurons in the mesolimbic DA system, nicotine-induced locomotor activity, and nicotine-taking behavior. Utilizing ex vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) in the nucleus accumbens core of male mice, we found that catharanthine or 18-MC differentially inhibited evoked DA release. Catharanthine inhibition of evoked DA release was significantly reduced by both α4 and α6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) antagonists. Additionally, catharanthine substantially increased DA release more than vehicle during high-frequency stimulation, although less potently than an α4 nAChR antagonist, which confirms previous work with nAChR antagonists. Interestingly, while catharanthine slowed DA reuptake measured via FSCV ex vivo, it also increased extracellular DA in striatal dialysate from anesthetized mice in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. Superfusion of catharanthine or 18-MC inhibited the firing rate of striatal cholinergic interneurons in a concentration dependent manner, which are known to potently modulate presynaptic DA release. Catharanthine or 18-MC suppressed acetylcholine currents in oocytes expressing recombinant rat α6/α3β2β3 or α6/α3β4 nAChRs. In behavioral experiments using male Sprague-Dawley rats, systemic administration of catharanthine or 18-MC blocked nicotine enhancement of locomotor activity. Importantly, catharanthine attenuated nicotine self-administration in a dose-dependent manner while having no effect on food reinforcement. Lastly, administration of catharanthine and nicotine together greatly increased head twitch responses, indicating a potential synergistic hallucinogenic effect. These findings demonstrate that catharanthine and 18-MC have similar, but not identical effects on striatal DA dynamics, striatal cholinergic interneuron activity and nicotine psychomotor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Williams
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Nathan D Steed
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Joel T Woolley
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Aubrey A Moedl
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Christina A Nelson
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Gavin C Jones
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Matthew D Burris
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Hugo R Arias
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tahlequah, Oklahoma 74464, United States
| | - Oc-Hee Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Arik J Hone
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Departments of Psychiatry and Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Departments of Psychiatry and Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jordan T Yorgason
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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Beane CR, Lewis DG, Bruns NK, Pikus KL, Durfee MH, Zegarelli RA, Perry TW, Sandoval O, Radke AK. Cholinergic mu-opioid receptor deletion alters reward preference and aversion-resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.13.566881. [PMID: 38014065 PMCID: PMC10680803 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.13.566881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Heavy alcohol use and binge drinking are important contributors to alcohol use disorder (AUD). The endogenous opioid system has been implicated in alcohol consumption and preference in both humans and animals. The mu opioid receptor (MOR) is expressed on multiple cells in the striatum, however little is known about the contributions of specific MOR populations to alcohol drinking behaviors. The current study used mice with a genetic deletion of MOR in cholinergic cells (ChAT-Cre/Oprm1fl/fl) to examine the role of MORs expressed in cholinergic interneurons (CINs) in home cage self-administration paradigms. Male and female ChAT-Cre/Oprm1fl/fl mice were generated and heterozygous Cre+ (knockout) and Cre- (control) mice were tested for alcohol and nicotine consumption. In Experiment 1, binge-like and quinine-resistant drinking was tested using 15% ethanol (EtOH) in a two-bottle, limited-access Drinking in the Dark paradigm. Experiment 2 involved a six-week intermittent access paradigm in which mice received 20% EtOH, nicotine, and then a combination of the two drugs. Experiment 3 assessed locomotor activity, sucrose preference, and quinine sensitivity. Deleting MORs in cholinergic cells did not alter consumption of EtOH in Experiment 1 or 2. In Experiment 1, the MOR deletion resulted in greater consumption of quinine-adulterated EtOH in male Cre+ mice (vs. Cre-). In Experiment 2, Cre+ mice demonstrated a significantly lower preference for nicotine but did not differ from Cre- mice in nicotine or nicotine + EtOH consumption. Overall fluid consumption was also heightened in the Cre+ mice. In Experiment 3, Cre+ females were found to have greater locomotor activity and preference for sucrose vs. Cre- mice. These data suggest that cholinergic MORs are not required for EtOH, drinking behaviors but may contribute to aversion resistant EtOH drinking in a sex-dependent manner.
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Wadsworth HA, Warnecke AMP, Barlow JC, Robinson JK, Steimle E, Ronström JW, Williams PE, Galbraith CJ, Baldridge J, Jakowec MW, Davies DL, Yorgason JT. Ivermectin increases striatal cholinergic activity to facilitate dopamine terminal function. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:50. [PMID: 38632622 PMCID: PMC11025261 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM) is a commonly prescribed antiparasitic treatment with pharmacological effects on invertebrate glutamate ion channels resulting in paralysis and death of invertebrates. However, it can also act as a modulator of some vertebrate ion channels and has shown promise in facilitating L-DOPA treatment in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease. The pharmacological effects of IVM on dopamine terminal function were tested, focusing on the role of two of IVM's potential targets: purinergic P2X4 and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Ivermectin enhanced electrochemical detection of dorsal striatum dopamine release. Although striatal P2X4 receptors were observed, IVM effects on dopamine release were not blocked by P2X4 receptor inactivation. In contrast, IVM attenuated nicotine effects on dopamine release, and antagonizing nicotinic receptors prevented IVM effects on dopamine release. IVM also enhanced striatal cholinergic interneuron firing. L-DOPA enhances dopamine release by increasing vesicular content. L-DOPA and IVM co-application further enhanced release but resulted in a reduction in the ratio between high and low frequency stimulations, suggesting that IVM is enhancing release largely through changes in terminal excitability and not vesicular content. Thus, IVM is increasing striatal dopamine release through enhanced cholinergic activity on dopamine terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Wadsworth
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Alicia M P Warnecke
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Joshua C Barlow
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - J Kayden Robinson
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Emma Steimle
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Joakim W Ronström
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Pacen E Williams
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Christopher J Galbraith
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jared Baldridge
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Michael W Jakowec
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Daryl L Davies
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jordan T Yorgason
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, and Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, 4005 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Ford MM, George BE, Van Laar VS, Holleran KM, Naidoo J, Hadaczek P, Vanderhooft LE, Peck EG, Dawes MH, Ohno K, Bringas J, McBride JL, Samaranch L, Forsayeth JR, Jones SR, Grant KA, Bankiewicz KS. GDNF gene therapy for alcohol use disorder in male non-human primates. Nat Med 2023; 29:2030-2040. [PMID: 37580533 PMCID: PMC10602124 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) exacts enormous personal, social and economic costs globally. Return to alcohol use in treatment-seeking patients with AUD is common, engendered by a cycle of repeated abstinence-relapse episodes even with use of currently available pharmacotherapies. Repeated ethanol use induces dopaminergic signaling neuroadaptations in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons of the mesolimbic reward pathway, and sustained dysfunction of reward circuitry is associated with return to drinking behavior. We tested this hypothesis by infusing adeno-associated virus serotype 2 vector encoding human glial-derived neurotrophic factor (AAV2-hGDNF), a growth factor that enhances dopaminergic neuron function, into the VTA of four male rhesus monkeys, with another four receiving vehicle, following induction of chronic alcohol drinking. GDNF expression ablated the return to alcohol drinking behavior over a 12-month period of repeated abstinence-alcohol reintroduction challenges. This behavioral change was accompanied by neurophysiological modulations to dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens that countered the hypodopaminergic signaling state associated with chronic alcohol use, indicative of a therapeutic modulation of limbic circuits countering the effects of alcohol. These preclinical findings suggest gene therapy targeting relapse prevention may be a potential therapeutic strategy for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Ford
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brianna E George
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Victor S Van Laar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katherine M Holleran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jerusha Naidoo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Piotr Hadaczek
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lauren E Vanderhooft
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Emily G Peck
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Monica H Dawes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kousaku Ohno
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Bringas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jodi L McBride
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lluis Samaranch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John R Forsayeth
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sara R Jones
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Krystof S Bankiewicz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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6
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Wadsworth HA, Anderson EQ, Williams BM, Ronström JW, Moen JK, Lee AM, McIntosh JM, Wu J, Yorgason JT, Steffensen SC. Role of α6-Nicotinic Receptors in Alcohol-Induced GABAergic Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity to Cholinergic Interneurons in the Nucleus Accumbens. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3113-3129. [PMID: 36802012 PMCID: PMC10690621 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The prevailing view is that enhancement of dopamine (DA) transmission in the mesolimbic system, consisting of DA neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) that project to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), underlies the reward properties of ethanol (EtOH) and nicotine (NIC). We have shown previously that EtOH and NIC modulation of DA release in the NAc is mediated by α6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α6*-nAChRs), that α6*-nAChRs mediate low-dose EtOH effects on VTA GABA neurons and EtOH preference, and that α6*-nAChRs may be a molecular target for low-dose EtOH. However, the most sensitive target for reward-relevant EtOH modulation of mesolimbic DA transmission and the involvement of α6*-nAChRs in the mesolimbic DA reward system remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate EtOH effects on GABAergic modulation of VTA GABA neurons and VTA GABAergic input to cholinergic interneurons (CINs) in the NAc. Low-dose EtOH enhanced GABAergic input to VTA GABA neurons that was blocked by knockdown of α6*-nAChRs. Knockdown was achieved either by α6-miRNA injected into the VTA of VGAT-Cre/GAD67-GFP mice or by superfusion of the α-conotoxin MII[H9A;L15A] (MII). Superfusion of MII blocked EtOH inhibition of mIPSCs in NAc CINs. Concomitantly, EtOH enhanced CIN firing rate, which was blocked by knockdown of α6*-nAChRs with α6-miRNA injected into the VTA of VGAT-Cre/GAD67-GFP mice. The firing rate of CINs was not enhanced by EtOH in EtOH-dependent mice, and low-frequency stimulation (LFS; 1 Hz, 240 pulses) caused inhibitory long-term depression at this synapse (VTA-NAc CIN-iLTD) which was blocked by knockdown of α6*-nAChR and MII. Ethanol inhibition of CIN-mediated evoked DA release in the NAc was blocked by MII. Taken together, these findings suggest that α6*-nAChRs in the VTA-NAc pathway are sensitive to low-dose EtOH and play a role in plasticity associated with chronic EtOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Wadsworth
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, 1050 KMBL, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Elizabeth Q Anderson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, 1050 KMBL, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Benjamin M Williams
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, 1050 KMBL, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Joakim W Ronström
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, 1050 KMBL, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Janna K Moen
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Anna M Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- School of Biological Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
- George E. Whalen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 84148, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jordan T Yorgason
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, 1050 KMBL, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, 1050 KMBL, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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7
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Imbriani P, Sciamanna G, El Atiallah I, Cerri S, Hess EJ, Pisani A. Synaptic effects of ethanol on striatal circuitry: therapeutic implications for dystonia. FEBS J 2022; 289:5834-5849. [PMID: 34217152 PMCID: PMC9786552 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption affects motor behavior and motor control. Both acute and chronic alcohol abuse have been extensively investigated; however, the therapeutic efficacy of alcohol on some movement disorders, such as myoclonus-dystonia or essential tremor, still does not have a plausible mechanistic explanation. Yet, there are surprisingly few systematic trials with known GABAergic drugs mimicking the effect of alcohol on neurotransmission. In this brief survey, we aim to summarize the effects of EtOH on striatal function, providing an overview of its cellular and synaptic actions in a 'circuit-centered' view. In addition, we will review both experimental and clinical evidence, in the attempt to provide a plausible mechanistic explanation for alcohol-responsive movement disorders, with particular emphasis on dystonia. Different hypotheses emerge, which may provide a rationale for the utilization of drugs that mimic alcohol effects, predicting potential drug repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Imbriani
- Department of Systems MedicineUniversity of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’Italy,IRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly
| | - Giuseppe Sciamanna
- Department of Systems MedicineUniversity of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’Italy,IRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly
| | - Ilham El Atiallah
- Department of Systems MedicineUniversity of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’Italy,IRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly
| | | | - Ellen J. Hess
- Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and NeurologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Antonio Pisani
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly,Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaItaly
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8
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Obray JD, Jang EY, Klomp AM, Small CA, Richardson AP, LeBaron JJ, Lee JG, Yorgason JT, Yang CH, Steffensen SC. The peripheral dopamine 2 receptor antagonist domperidone attenuates ethanol enhancement of dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:396-409. [PMID: 35040146 PMCID: PMC8920780 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dopamine neuron firing in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens have been implicated in reward learning. Ethanol is known to increase both dopamine neuron firing in the VTA and dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. Despite this, some discrepancies exist between the dose of ethanol required to enhance firing in vivo and ex vivo. In the present study we investigated the effects of peripheral dopamine 2 subtype receptor antagonism on ethanol's effects on dopamine neurotransmission. METHODS Plasma catecholamine levels were assessed following ethanol administration across four different doses of EtOH. Microdialysis and voltammetry were used to assess the effects of domperidone pretreatment on ethanol-mediated increases in dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. A place conditioning paradigm was used to assess conditioned preference for ethanol and whether domperidone pretreatment altered this preference. Open-field and loss-of-righting reflex paradigms were used to assess the effects of domperidone on ethanol-induced sedation. A rotarod apparatus was used to assess the effects of domperidone on ethanol-induced motor impairment. RESULTS Domperidone attenuated ethanol's enhancement of mesolimbic dopamine release under non-physiological conditions at intermediate (1.0 and 2.0 g/kg) doses of ethanol. Domperidone also decreased EtOH-induced sedation at 2.0 g/kg. Domperidone did not alter ethanol conditioned place preference nor did it affect ethanol-induced motor impairment. CONCLUSIONS These results show that peripheral dopamine 2 receptors mediate some of the effects of ethanol on nonphysiological dopamine neurotransmission, although these effects are not related to the rewarding properties of ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Daniel Obray
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA,Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Anneke M. Klomp
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Christina A. Small
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Aaron P. Richardson
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Joshua J. LeBaron
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Jin Gyeom Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jordan T. Yorgason
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Scott C. Steffensen
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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9
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Yorgason JT, Wadsworth HA, Anderson EJ, Williams BM, Brundage JN, Hedges DM, Stockard AL, Jones ST, Arthur SB, Hansen DM, Schilaty ND, Jang EY, Lee AM, Wallner M, Steffensen SC. Modulation of dopamine release by ethanol is mediated by atypical GABA A receptors on cholinergic interneurons in the nucleus accumbens. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13108. [PMID: 34713509 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that moderate-to-high ethanol (EtOH) concentrations enhance dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the mesolimbic DA system from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projecting to the nucleus accumbens core (NAc). However, voltammetry studies demonstrate that moderate-to-high EtOH concentrations decrease evoked DA release at NAc terminals. The involvement of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABAA Rs), glycine (GLY) receptors (GLYRs) and cholinergic interneurons (CINs) in mediating EtOH inhibition of evoked NAc DA release were examined. Fast scan cyclic voltammetry, electrophysiology, optogenetics and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to evaluate the effects of acute and chronic EtOH exposure on DA release and CIN activity in C57/BL6, CD-1, transgenic mice and δ-subunit knockout (KO) mice (δ-/-). Ethanol decreased DA release in mice with an IC50 of 80 mM ex vivo and 2.0 g/kg in vivo. GABA and GLY decreased evoked DA release at 1-10 mM. Typical GABAA R agonists inhibited DA release at high concentrations. Typical GABAA R antagonists had minimal effects on EtOH inhibition of evoked DA release. However, EtOH inhibition of DA release was blocked by the α4 β3 δ GABAA R antagonist Ro15-4513, the GLYR antagonist strychnine and by the GABA ρ1 (Rho-1) antagonist TPMPA (10 μM) and reduced significantly in GABAA R δ-/- mice. Rho-1 expression was observed in CINs. Ethanol inhibited GABAergic synaptic input to CINs from the VTA and enhanced firing rate, both of which were blocked by TPMPA. Results herein suggest that EtOH inhibition of DA release in the NAc is modulated by GLYRs and atypical GABAA Rs on CINs containing δ- and Rho-subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan T Yorgason
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Hillary A Wadsworth
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Anderson
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Benjamin M Williams
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - James N Brundage
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - David M Hedges
- Enterprise Information Management, Billings Clinic, Billings, Montana, USA
| | - Alyssa L Stockard
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Stephen T Jones
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Summer B Arthur
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - David Micah Hansen
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Nathan D Schilaty
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Anna M Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Martin Wallner
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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10
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Blum K, Badgaiyan RD. Translational and Molecular Cytoarchitectural Genetic Guided Therapy to Induce Dopamine Homeostatic Neuro-signaling in Reward Deficiency and Associated Drug and Behavioral Addiction Seeking: A 60 Year Sojourn the Future is Now. EC PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY 2021; 10:1-4. [PMID: 34708222 PMCID: PMC8547334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Blum
- Graduate College, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Rajendra D Badgaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry, South Texas Veteran Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital and Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, MT. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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11
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Moen JK, DeBaker MC, Myjak JE, Wickman K, Lee AM. Bidirectional sex-dependent regulation of α6 and β3 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by protein kinase Cε. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12954. [PMID: 32776643 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine and alcohol are the most commonly abused substances worldwide and are frequently coabused. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) containing the α6 and β3 subunits are expressed in neural reward circuits and are critical for nicotine and alcohol reward. nAChRs are dynamically regulated by signaling molecules such as protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε), which impact transcription of α6 and β3 subunit mRNA (Chrna6 and Chrnb3, respectively). Previous work found decreased expression of Chrna6 and Chrnb3 transcripts in the ventral midbrain of male PKCε-/- mice, who also consume less nicotine and alcohol compared with wild-type (WT) littermates. Using RT-qPCR, we show that female PKCε-/- mice have higher expression of Chrna6 and Chrnb3 transcripts in the ventral midbrain, which functionally impacts nAChR-dependent behavior as female but not male PKCε-/- mice exhibit locomotor hypersensitivity to low-dose (0.25 mg/kg i.p.) nicotine. Female PKCε-/- mice show no differences in alcohol-induced sedation in the loss-of-righting reflex assay (4.0 g/kg i.p.) compared with WT littermates, whereas male PKCε-/- mice have enhanced sedation compared with WT mice. Female PKCε-/- mice also show reduced immobility time in response to varenicline (1.0 mg/kg i.p.) compared with WT littermates in the tail suspension test, and this effect was absent in male mice. Additionally, we found that female PKCε-/- mice show altered alcohol and nicotine consumption patterns in chronic voluntary two-bottle choice assays. Our data reveal a bidirectional effect of sex in the transcriptional regulation of nicotinic receptors by PKCε, highlighting the importance of studying both sexes in preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna K. Moen
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Margot C. DeBaker
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Julia E. Myjak
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Kevin Wickman
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Anna M. Lee
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
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12
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Hedges DM, Yorgason JT, Perez AW, Schilaty ND, Williams BM, Watt RK, Steffensen SC. Spontaneous Formation of Melanin from Dopamine in the Presence of Iron. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1285. [PMID: 33339254 PMCID: PMC7766172 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is associated with degeneration of neuromelanin (NM)-containing substantia nigra dopamine (DA) neurons and subsequent decreases in striatal DA transmission. Dopamine spontaneously forms a melanin through a process called melanogenesis. The present study examines conditions that promote/prevent DA melanogenesis. The kinetics, intermediates, and products of DA conversion to melanin in vitro, and DA melanogenesis under varying levels of Fe3+, pro-oxidants, and antioxidants were examined. The rate of melanogenesis for DA was substantially greater than related catecholamines norepinephrine and epinephrine and their precursor amino acids tyrosine and l-Dopa as measured by UV-IR spectrophotometry. Dopamine melanogenesis was concentration dependent on the pro-oxidant species and Fe3+. Melanogenesis was enhanced by the pro-oxidant hydrogen peroxide (EC50 = 500 μM) and decreased by the antioxidants ascorbate (IC50 = 10 μM) and glutathione (GSH; IC50 = 5 μM). Spectrophotometric results were corroborated by tuning a fast-scan cyclic voltammetry system to monitor DA melanogenesis. Evoked DA release in striatal brain slices resulted in NM formation that was prevented by GSH. These findings suggest that DA melanogenesis occurs spontaneously under physiologically-relevant conditions of oxidative stress and that NM may act as a marker of past exposure to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Hedges
- Enterprise Information Management, Billings Clinic, 2800 10th Avenue North, Billings, MT 59101, USA;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 BNSN, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Jordan T. Yorgason
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, 4005 LSB, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
- Neuroscience Program, S-192 ESC, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (A.W.P.); (N.D.S.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Andrew W. Perez
- Neuroscience Program, S-192 ESC, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (A.W.P.); (N.D.S.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Nathan D. Schilaty
- Neuroscience Program, S-192 ESC, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (A.W.P.); (N.D.S.); (B.M.W.)
- Department of Psychology, 1001 KMBL, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Benjamin M. Williams
- Neuroscience Program, S-192 ESC, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (A.W.P.); (N.D.S.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Richard K. Watt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 BNSN, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Scott C. Steffensen
- Neuroscience Program, S-192 ESC, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (A.W.P.); (N.D.S.); (B.M.W.)
- Department of Psychology, 1001 KMBL, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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13
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Liu Y, Montgomery SE, Juarez B, Morel C, Zhang S, Kong Y, Calipari ES, Nestler EJ, Zhang L, Han MH. Different adaptations of dopamine release in Nucleus Accumbens shell and core of individual alcohol drinking groups of mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 175:108176. [PMID: 32497591 PMCID: PMC7492398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) places a tremendous burden on society, with approximately two billion alcohol users in the world. While most people drink alcohol recreationally, a subpopulation (3-5%) engages in reckless and compulsive drinking, leading to the development of AUD and alcohol dependence. The Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA)-Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) circuit has been shown to encode rewarding stimuli and drive individual alcohol drinking behavior. Our previous work successfully separated C57BL/6J isogenic mice into high or low alcohol drinking subgroups after a 12-day, two-bottle choice voluntary alcohol access paradigm. Electrophysiological studies revealed that low alcohol drinking mice exhibited elevated spontaneous and burst firing properties of their VTA dopamine (DA) neurons and specifically mimicking this pattern of activity in VTA-NAc neurons in high alcohol drinking mice using optogenetics decreased their alcohol preference. It is also known that VTA DA neurons encode the salience and rewarding properties of external stimuli while also regulating downstream dopamine concentrations. Here, as a follow-up to this study, we utilized Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) to examine dopamine release in the NAc shell and core between alcohol drinking groups. We observed dynamic changes of dopamine release in the core of high drinking mice, but failed to see widely significant differences of dopamine release in the shell of both groups, when compared with ethanol-naive controls. Overall, the present data suggest subregion-specific differences of evoked dopamine release in the NAc of low and high alcohol drinking mice, and may provide an anatomical substrate for individual alcohol drinking behavior. This article is part of the special issue on Stress, Addiction and Plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah E Montgomery
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara Juarez
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, USA
| | - Carole Morel
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yimeng Kong
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USA
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ming-Hu Han
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Hedges DM, Yorgason JT, Brundage JN, Wadsworth HA, Williams B, Steffensen SC, Roberto M. Corticotropin releasing factor, but not alcohol, modulates norepinephrine release in the rat central nucleus of the amygdala. Neuropharmacology 2020; 179:108293. [PMID: 32871155 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse and dependence is a widespread health problem. The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) plays important roles in both the anxiety associated with alcohol (ethanol) dependence and the increased alcohol intake that is observed during withdrawal in dependent animals. We and others have shown the essential involvement of the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) system in alcohol's synaptic effects on the CeA and in the development of ethanol dependence. Another system that has been shown to be critically involved in the molecular underpinnings of alcohol dependence is the norepinephrine (NE) system originating in the locus coeruleus. Both the CRF and NE systems act in concert to facilitate a stress response: central amygdalar afferents release CRF in the locus coeruleus promoting widespread release of NE. In this study, we are the first to use fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to classify local electrically-evoked NE release in the CeA and to determine if acute alcohol and CRF modulate it. Evoked NE release is action potential dependent, is abolished after depletion of monoaminergic vesicles, differs pharmacologically from dopamine release, is insensitive to acute alcohol, and decreases in response to locally applied CRF. Taken together, these results indicate that NE release in the CeA is released canonically in a vesicular-dependent manner, and that while acute alcohol does not directly alter NE release, CRF decreases it. Our results suggest that CRF acts locally on NE terminals as negative feedback and potentially prevents hyperactivation of the CRF-norepinephrine stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hedges
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Jordan T Yorgason
- Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - James N Brundage
- Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Williams
- Neuroscience Program, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | | | - Marisa Roberto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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15
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Gao F, Chen D, Ma X, Sudweeks S, Yorgason JT, Gao M, Turner D, Eaton JB, McIntosh JM, Lukas RJ, Whiteaker P, Chang Y, Steffensen SC, Wu J. Alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a highly sensitive target of alcohol. Neuropharmacology 2019; 149:45-54. [PMID: 30710570 PMCID: PMC7323585 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a serious public health problem that results in tremendous social, legal and medical costs to society. Unlike other addictive drugs, there is no specific molecular target for ethanol (EtOH). Here, we report a novel molecular target that mediates EtOH effects at concentrations below those that cause legally-defined inebriation. Using patch-clamp recording of human α6*-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α6*-nAChR) function when heterologously expressed in SH-EP1 human epithelial cells, we found that 0.1-5 mM EtOH significantly enhances α6*-nAChR-mediated currents with effects that are dependent on both EtOH and nicotine concentrations. EtOH exposure increased both whole-cell current rising slope and decay constants. This EtOH modulation was selective for α6*-nAChRs since it did not affect α3β4-, α4β2-, or α7-nAChRs. In addition, 5 mM EtOH also increased the frequency and amplitude of dopaminergic neuron transients in mouse brain nucleus accumbens slices, that were blocked by the α6*-nAChR antagonist, α-conotoxin MII, suggesting a role for native α6*-nAChRs in low-dose EtOH effects. Collectively, our data suggest that α6*-nAChRs are sensitive targets mediating low-dose EtOH effects through a positive allosteric mechanism, which provides new insight into mechanisms involved in pharmacologically-relevant alcohol effects contributing to AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 51504, China; Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Dejie Chen
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, Guangdong, 527300, China
| | - Xiaokuang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 51504, China; Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Sterling Sudweeks
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jordan T Yorgason
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Dharshaun Turner
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Jason Brek Eaton
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84108, USA
| | - Ronald J Lukas
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Paul Whiteaker
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Yongchang Chang
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 51504, China; Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, Guangdong, 527300, China.
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16
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Adachi SI, Kondo S, Sato Y, Yoshizawa F, Yagasaki K. Anti-hyperuricemic effect of isorhamnetin in cultured hepatocytes and model mice: structure-activity relationships of methylquercetins as inhibitors of uric acid production. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:181-192. [PMID: 30603920 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is an important risk factor for gout. Isorhamnetin (3'-O-methylquercetin) is an O-methylated flavonol, which occurs in onion, almond and sea buckthorn. It is also one of the metabolites of quercetin in mammals. In the present study, we investigated anti-hyperuricemic effect of isorhamnetin adopting both cultured hepatocytes and mice with hyperuricemia induced by purine bodies. In cultured hepatocytes, isorhamnetin as well as quercetin significantly and dose-dependently inhibited uric acid (UA) production. We also examined the inhibitory effects on UA production of other mono-methylquercetins, i.e., tamarixetin, 3-O-methylquercetin, azaleatin, and rhamnetin in addition to isorhamnetin for studying their structure-activity relationships. From the results obtained, hydroxyl groups at C-3, C-5, and especially C-7, but not C-3' and C-4' of quercetin are demonstrated to play a critical role in suppressing UA production in the AML12 hepatocytes. Oral administration of isorhamnetin significantly reduced plasma and hepatic UA levels in the hyperuricemic model mice. Isorhamnetin also decreased hepatic xanthine oxidase (XO) activity without changes in XO protein expression, indicating that anti-hyperuricemic effect of isorhamnetin could be, at least partly, attributable to suppression of UA production by directly inhibiting XO activity in the liver. These findings demonstrate that isorhamnetin has a potent anti-hyperuricemic effect and may be a potential candidate for prevention and remediation of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan.
| | - Shinji Kondo
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Yoshizawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan.,Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazumi Yagasaki
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
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17
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Deal AL, Mikhailova MA, Grinevich VP, Weiner JL, Gainetdinov RR, Budygin EA. In vivo voltammetric evidence that locus coeruleus activation predominantly releases norepinephrine in the infralimbic cortex: Effect of acute ethanol. Synapse 2018; 73:e22080. [PMID: 30447016 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry paired with pharmacology, the authors show that infralimbic catecholamine release following locus coeruleus stimulation is noradrenergic, but not dopaminergic, and not affected by acute ethanol. With previous work, these data suggest differential effects of ethanol on prefrontal norepinephrine and dopamine, a region important in addiction-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex L Deal
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Maria A Mikhailova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valentina P Grinevich
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jeff L Weiner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Budygin
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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18
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Several behavioral traits relevant for alcoholism are controlled by ɣ2 subunit containing GABA A receptors on dopamine neurons in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:1548-1556. [PMID: 29463910 PMCID: PMC5957272 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The risk factors for developing alcohol addiction include impulsivity, high sensitivity to the rewarding action of ethanol, and low sensitivity to its sedative and intoxicating effects. Genetic variation in GABAA receptor subunits, including the ɣ2 subunit (Gabrg2), affects the risk for developing alcoholism. Alcohol directly potentiates GABAA receptors and activates the mesolimbic dopamine system. Here, we deleted Gabrg2 selectively in dopamine cells of adult mice. The deletion resulted in elevated firing of dopamine neurons and made them less sensitive to drugs acting at GABAA receptors. At the behavioral level, the deletion increased exploratory behavior and augmented both correct and incorrect responding in the go/no-go task, a test often used to assay the response inhibition component of impulsivity. In addition, conditioned place preference to alcohol, but not to cocaine or morphine, was increased. Ethanol-induced locomotor activation was enhanced in the mice lacking Gabrg2 on dopaminergic cells, whereas the sedative effect of alcohol was reduced. Finally, the alcohol drinking, but not the alcohol preference, at a high concentration was increased in the mutant mice. In summary, deletion of Gabrg2 on dopamine cells induced several behavioral traits associated with high risk of developing alcoholism. The findings suggest that mice lacking Gabrg2 on dopaminergic cells could be used as models for individuals at high risk for developing alcoholism and that GABAA receptors on dopamine cells are protective against the development of excessive alcohol drinking.
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19
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Yu L, Zhou J, Zhang G, Huang W, Pei L, Lv F, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang H. cAMP/PKA/EGR1 signaling mediates the molecular mechanism of ethanol-induced inhibition of placental 11β-HSD2 expression. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 352:77-86. [PMID: 29802914 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
It is known that inhibiting 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) expression in the placenta can cause fetal over-exposure to maternal glucocorticoids and induce intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR); these effects ultimately increase the risk of adult chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of the prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE)-induced inhibition of placental 11β-HSD2 expression. Pregnant Wistar rats were intragastrically administered ethanol (4 g/kg/d) from gestational days 9 to 20. The levels of maternal and fetal serum corticosterone and placental 11β-HSD2-related gene expression were analyzed. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanism of reduced placental 11β-HSD2 expression induced by ethanol treatment (15-60 mM) in HTR-8/SVneo cells. In vivo, PEE decreased fetal body weights and increased maternal and fetal serum corticosterone and early growth response factor 1 (EGR1) expression levels. Moreover, histone modification changes (decreased acetylation and increased di-methylation of H3K9) to the HSD11B2 promoter and lower 11β-HSD2 expression levels were observed. In vitro, ethanol decreased cAMP/PKA signaling and 11β-HSD2 expression and increased EGR1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. A cAMP agonist and EGR1 siRNA reversed the ethanol-induced inhibition of 11β-HSD2 expression. Together, PEE reduced placental 11β-HSD2 expression, and the underlying mechanism is associated with ethanol-induced histone modification changes to the HSD11B2 promoter through the cAMP/PKA/EGR1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luting Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Linguo Pei
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Feng Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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20
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Chen YH, Kuo TT, Yi-Kung Huang E, Chou YC, Chiang YH, Hoffer BJ, Miller J. Effect of traumatic brain injury on nicotine-induced modulation of dopamine release in the striatum and nucleus accumbens shell. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29515787 PMCID: PMC5839368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury is associated with substantial alterations in reward processing, but underlying mechanisms are controversial. Objective A better understanding of alterations in dopamine (DA) release patterns from the dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens shell (NAc) may provide insights into posttraumatic reward pathology. Materials and Methods The patterns of DA release with or without exposure to nicotine in brain slices with striatum and NAc, isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats with 6 psi fluid percussion (FPI) or sham injury were analysis by using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. Tonic and phasic DA releases were assessed using single pulse and 10 pulses at 25 Hz, respectively. DA release relative to stimulation intensity, frequency, number of pulses, and paired-pulse facilitation was evaluated to determine release probability and response to bursting. Results There was a profound suppression in tonic DA release after nicotine desensitization after FPI, and the input/output curve for the DA release based on stimulation intensity was shifted to the right. FPI was associated with a significant decrease in frequency-dependent DA release augmentation, DA release induced by high frequency stimulation trains, and DA release in response to paired-pulse facilitation. The effect of nicotine desensitization was similar in FPI and sham-injured animals, although significantly smaller after FPI. Nicotine desensitization–induced differences between phasic and tonic release concentrations that contrasted with the reward-related signals then became less prominent in NAc after FPI. Conclusions TBI blunts DA release from mesolimbic reward centers, and more intense stimuli are required to produce context-dependent DA release sufficient to have a physiological effect. Implications The nicotine desensitization-related suppression in tonic DA release was profound with right-ward shift of the input/output curve for DA release after FPI. FPI was associated with a significant decrease in frequency-dependent DA release augmentation, DA release induced by high frequency stimulation trains, and DA release in response to paired-pulse facilitation. Nicotine desensitization–induced differences between phasic and tonic release concentrations that contrasted with the reward-related signals then became less prominent in NAc after FPI. TBI thus blunts DA release from mesolimbic reward centers, and more intense stimuli are required to produce context-dependent DA release sufficient to have a physiological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathon Miller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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21
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Deal AL, Konstantopoulos JK, Weiner JL, Budygin EA. Exploring the consequences of social defeat stress and intermittent ethanol drinking on dopamine dynamics in the rat nucleus accumbens. Sci Rep 2018; 8:332. [PMID: 29321525 PMCID: PMC5762836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore how presynaptic dopamine (DA) function is altered following brief stress episodes and chronic ethanol self-administration and whether these neuroadaptations modify the acute effects of ethanol on DA dynamics. We used fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to evaluate changes in DA release and uptake parameters in rat nucleus accumbens brain slices by analyzing DA transients evoked through single pulse electrical stimulation. Adult male rats were divided into four groups: ethanol-naïve or ethanol drinking (six week intermittent two-bottle choice) and stressed (mild social defeat) or nonstressed. Results revealed that the mild stress significantly increased DA release and uptake in ethanol-naïve subjects, compared to nonstressed controls. Chronic ethanol self-administration increased the DA uptake rate and occluded the effects of stress on DA release dynamics. Bath-applied ethanol decreased stimulated DA efflux in a concentration-dependent manner in all groups; however, the magnitude of this effect was blunted by either stress or chronic ethanol, or by a combination of both procedures. Together, these findings suggest that stress and ethanol drinking may promote similar adaptive changes in accumbal presynaptic DA release measures and that these changes may contribute to the escalation in ethanol intake that occurs during the development of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex L Deal
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Jeff L Weiner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Evgeny A Budygin
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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22
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Kim HH, Choi SC, Chae MK, Min YG. Neuroprotective effect of ethanol in acute carbon monoxide intoxication: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9569. [PMID: 29505539 PMCID: PMC5943126 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication, treatment of neurologic injury and prevention of neurological sequelae are primary concerns. Ethanol is the one of the frequent substances which is co-ingested in intentional CO poisoning. Neuroprotective effect of ethanol was highlighted and demonstrated in isolated brain injury recently. We assessed the neuroprotective effect of ethanol in acute CO intoxication using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).We retrospectively reviewed medical records for patients who visited an emergency medical center of a university-affiliated hospital during a period of 73 months, from March 2009 to April 2015. Enrolled patients were divided into 2 groups, patients with or without abnormal brain lesion in brain MRI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the factors associated with brain injury in MRI.A total of 109 patients with acute CO intoxication were evaluated of which 66 (60.55%) tested positive in brain MRI. MRI lesion-positive patients were more likely to have electrocardiogram change, elevation of serum troponin I and s100 protein level and lower serum ethanol level. Serum ethanol positivity was an independent factor for prevalence of brain injury in MRI in acute CO poisoning.This study revealed that ethanol which is co-ingested in acute CO intoxication may work the neuroprotective effect and could consequence more favorable neurological outcome in acute CO intoxication.
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23
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Cannady R, Rinker JA, Nimitvilai S, Woodward JJ, Mulholland PJ. Chronic Alcohol, Intrinsic Excitability, and Potassium Channels: Neuroadaptations and Drinking Behavior. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2018; 248:311-343. [PMID: 29374839 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neural mechanisms underlying alcohol use disorder remain elusive, and this lack of understanding has slowed the development of efficacious treatment strategies for reducing relapse rates and prolonging abstinence. While synaptic adaptations produced by chronic alcohol exposure have been extensively characterized in a variety of brain regions, changes in intrinsic excitability of critical projection neurons are understudied. Accumulating evidence suggests that prolonged alcohol drinking and alcohol dependence produce plasticity of intrinsic excitability as measured by changes in evoked action potential firing and after-hyperpolarization amplitude. In this chapter, we describe functional changes in cell firing of projection neurons after long-term alcohol exposure that occur across species and in multiple brain regions. Adaptations in calcium-activated (KCa2), voltage-dependent (KV7), and G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying (Kir3 or GIRK) potassium channels that regulate the evoked firing and after-hyperpolarization parallel functional changes in intrinsic excitability induced by chronic alcohol. Moreover, there are strong genetic links between alcohol-related behaviors and genes encoding KCa2, KV7, and GIRK channels, and pharmacologically targeting these channels reduces alcohol consumption and alcohol-related behaviors. Together, these studies demonstrate that chronic alcohol drinking produces adaptations in KCa2, KV7, and GIRK channels leading to impaired regulation of the after-hyperpolarization and aberrant cell firing. Correcting the deficit in the after-hyperpolarization with positive modulators of KCa2 and KV7 channels and altering the GIRK channel binding pocket to block the access of alcohol represent a potentially highly effective pharmacological approach that can restore changes in intrinsic excitability and reduce alcohol consumption in affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginald Cannady
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jennifer A Rinker
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Sudarat Nimitvilai
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - John J Woodward
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Patrick J Mulholland
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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24
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Abrahao KP, Salinas AG, Lovinger DM. Alcohol and the Brain: Neuronal Molecular Targets, Synapses, and Circuits. Neuron 2017; 96:1223-1238. [PMID: 29268093 PMCID: PMC6566861 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol is one of the most commonly abused drugs. Although environmental and genetic factors contribute to the etiology of alcohol use disorders, it is ethanol's actions in the brain that explain (1) acute ethanol-related behavioral changes, such as stimulant followed by depressant effects, and (2) chronic changes in behavior, including escalated use, tolerance, compulsive seeking, and dependence. Our knowledge of ethanol use and abuse thus relies on understanding its effects on the brain. Scientists have employed both bottom-up and top-down approaches, building from molecular targets to behavioral analyses and vice versa, respectively. This review highlights current progress in the field, focusing on recent and emerging molecular, cellular, and circuit effects of the drug that impact ethanol-related behaviors. The focus of the field is now on pinpointing which molecular effects in specific neurons within a brain region contribute to behavioral changes across the course of acute and chronic ethanol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina P Abrahao
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Armando G Salinas
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David M Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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25
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Dutertre S, Nicke A, Tsetlin VI. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor inhibitors derived from snake and snail venoms. Neuropharmacology 2017. [PMID: 28623170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) represents the prototype of ligand-gated ion channels. It is vital for neuromuscular transmission and an important regulator of neurotransmission. A variety of toxic compounds derived from diverse species target this receptor and have been of elemental importance in basic and applied research. They enabled milestone discoveries in pharmacology and biochemistry ranging from the original formulation of the receptor concept, the first isolation and structural analysis of a receptor protein (the nAChR) to the identification, localization, and differentiation of its diverse subtypes and their validation as a target for therapeutic intervention. Among the venom-derived compounds, α-neurotoxins and α-conotoxins provide the largest families and still represent indispensable pharmacological tools. Application of modified α-neurotoxins provided substantial structural and functional details of the nAChR long before high resolution structures were available. α-bungarotoxin represents not only a standard pharmacological tool and label in nAChR research but also for unrelated proteins tagged with a minimal α-bungarotoxin binding motif. A major advantage of α-conotoxins is their smaller size, as well as superior selectivity for diverse nAChR subtypes that allows their development into ligands with optimized pharmacological and chemical properties and potentially novel drugs. In the following, these two groups of nAChR antagonists will be described focusing on their respective roles in the structural and functional characterization of nAChRs and their development into research tools. In addition, we provide a comparative overview of the diverse α-conotoxin selectivities that can serve as a practical guide for both structure activity studies and subtype classification. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Venom-derived Peptides as Pharmacological Tools.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Dutertre
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Université Montpellier - CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Nußbaumstr. 26, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Victor I Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya str.16/10, Moscow 117999, Russian Federation
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26
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α6β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors influence locomotor activity and ethanol consumption. Alcohol 2017; 61:43-49. [PMID: 28457669 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.02.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the mesolimbic dopamine system have been implicated in ethanol behaviors. In particular, work in genetically engineered mice has demonstrated that α6-containing nAChRs are involved in ethanol consumption and sedation. A limitation of these studies is that the alteration in the receptor was present throughout development. The recently described α6β2 antagonist, N,N-decane-1,10-diyl-bis-3-picolinium diiodide (bPiDI), now makes it possible to test for the involvement of these receptors using a pharmacological approach. The aim of this study was to examine the role of α6β2 nAChRs in ethanol behaviors using a pharmacological approach. Adolescent C57BL/6J mice were treated with bPiDI 30 min prior to testing the mice for binge-like ethanol consumption in the drinking-in-the-dark (DID) test, ethanol-induced motor incoordination using the balance beam, and ethanol-induced sedation using the Loss of Righting Reflex (LORR) paradigm. Adolescent animals were chosen because they express a high amount of α6 mRNA relative to adult animals. Control studies were also performed to determine the effect of bPiDI on locomotor activity and ethanol metabolism. Female mice treated with 20 mg/kg bPiDI had reduced locomotor activity compared to saline-treated animals during the first 30 min following an acute injection. Pretreatment with the α6β2 antagonist reduced adolescent ethanol consumption but also reduced saccharin consumption. No significant effects were observed on ethanol-induced ataxia, sedation, or metabolism. This study provides evidence that α6β2 nAChRs are involved in locomotor activity as well as ethanol and saccharin consumption in adolescent animals.
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27
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Paxman J, Hunt B, Hallan D, Zarbock SR, Woodbury DJ. Drunken Membranes: Short-Chain Alcohols Alter Fusion of Liposomes to Planar Lipid Bilayers. Biophys J 2017; 112:121-132. [PMID: 28076803 PMCID: PMC5232861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.3205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the effects of ethanol on protein receptors and lipid membranes have been studied extensively, ethanol's effect on vesicles fusing to lipid bilayers is not known. To determine the effect of alcohols on fusion rates, we utilized the nystatin/ergosterol fusion assay to measure fusion of liposomes to a planar lipid bilayer (BLM). The addition of ethanol excited fusion when applied on the cis (vesicle) side, and inhibited fusion on the trans side. Other short-chain alcohols followed a similar pattern. In general, the inhibitory effect of alcohols (trans) occurs at lower doses than the excitatory (cis) effect, with a decrease of 29% in fusion rates at the legal driving limit of 0.08% (w/v) ethanol (IC50 = 0.2% v/v, 34 mM). Similar inhibitory effects were observed with methanol, propanol, and butanol, with ethanol being the most potent. Significant variability was observed with different alcohols when applied to the cis side. Ethanol and propanol enhanced fusion, butanol also enhanced fusion but was less potent, and low doses of methanol mildly inhibited fusion. The inhibition by trans addition of alcohols implies that they alter the planar membrane structure and thereby increase the activation energy required for fusion, likely through an increase in membrane fluidity. The cis data are likely a combination of the above effect and a proportionally greater lowering of the vesicle lysis tension and hydration repulsive pressure that combine to enhance fusion. Alternate hypotheses are also discussed. The inhibitory effect of ethanol on liposome-membrane fusion is large enough to provide a possible biophysical explanation of compromised neuronal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Paxman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Brady Hunt
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - David Hallan
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Samuel R Zarbock
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Dixon J Woodbury
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
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28
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Van Skike CE, Maggio SE, Reynolds AR, Casey EM, Bardo MT, Dwoskin LP, Prendergast MA, Nixon K. Critical needs in drug discovery for cessation of alcohol and nicotine polysubstance abuse. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 65:269-87. [PMID: 26582145 PMCID: PMC4679525 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Polysubstance abuse of alcohol and nicotine has been overlooked in our understanding of the neurobiology of addiction and especially in the development of novel therapeutics for its treatment. Estimates show that as many as 92% of people with alcohol use disorders also smoke tobacco. The health risks associated with both excessive alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking create an urgent biomedical need for the discovery of effective cessation treatments, as opposed to current approaches that attempt to independently treat each abused agent. The lack of treatment approaches for alcohol and nicotine abuse/dependence mirrors a similar lack of research in the neurobiology of polysubstance abuse. This review discusses three critical needs in medications development for alcohol and nicotine co-abuse: (1) the need for a better understanding of the clinical condition (i.e. alcohol and nicotine polysubstance abuse), (2) the need to better understand how these drugs interact in order to identify new targets for therapeutic development and (3) the need for animal models that better mimic this human condition. Current and emerging treatments available for the cessation of each drug and their mechanisms of action are discussed within this context followed by what is known about the pharmacological interactions of alcohol and nicotine. Much has been and will continue to be gained from studying comorbid alcohol and nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Van Skike
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - S E Maggio
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - A R Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - E M Casey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - M T Bardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States; Center for Drug Abuse and Research Translation, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States; Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - L P Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States; Center for Drug Abuse and Research Translation, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - M A Prendergast
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States; Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - K Nixon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States; Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
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29
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Dopaminergic Regulation of Striatal Interneurons in Reward and Addiction: Focus on Alcohol. Neural Plast 2015; 2015:814567. [PMID: 26246915 PMCID: PMC4515529 DOI: 10.1155/2015/814567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticobasal ganglia networks coursing through the striatum are key structures for reward-guided behaviors. The ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens (nAc)) and its reciprocal connection with the ventral tegmental area (VTA) represent a primary component of the reward system, but reward-guided learning also involves the dorsal striatum and dopaminergic inputs from the substantia nigra. The majority of neurons in the striatum (>90%) are GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs), but both the input to and the output from these neurons are dynamically controlled by striatal interneurons. Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in reward and reward-guided learning, and the physiological activity of GABAergic and cholinergic interneurons is regulated by dopaminergic transmission in a complex manner. Here we review the role of striatal interneurons in modulating striatal output during drug reward, with special emphasis on alcohol.
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30
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Yorgason JT, Rose JH, McIntosh JM, Ferris MJ, Jones SR. Greater ethanol inhibition of presynaptic dopamine release in C57BL/6J than DBA/2J mice: Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Neuroscience 2015; 284:854-864. [PMID: 25451295 PMCID: PMC4274184 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mesolimbic dopamine system, originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), has been heavily implicated in the reinforcing effects of ethanol. Recent slice voltammetry studies have shown that ethanol inhibits dopamine release selectively during high-frequency activity that elicits phasic dopamine release shown to be important for learning and reinforcement. Presently, we examined ethanol inhibition of electrically evoked NAc dopamine in two mouse strains with divergent dopamine responses to ethanol, C57BL/6 (C57) and DBA/2J (DBA) mice. Previous electrophysiology and microdialysis studies have demonstrated greater ethanol-induced VTA dopaminergic firing and NAc dopamine elevations in DBA compared to C57 mice. Additionally, DBA mice have greater ethanol responses in dopamine-related behaviors, including hyperlocomotion and conditioned place preference. Currently, we demonstrate greater sensitivity of ethanol inhibition of NAc dopamine signaling in C57 compared to DBA mice. The reduced sensitivity to ethanol inhibition in DBA mice may contribute to the overall greater ethanol-induced dopamine signaling and related behaviors observed in this strain. NAc cholinergic activity is known to potently modulate terminal dopamine release. Additionally, ethanol is known to interact with multiple aspects of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity. Therefore, we examined ethanol-mediated inhibition of dopamine release at two ethanol concentrations (80 and 160 mM) during bath application of the non-selective nicotinic receptor antagonist mecamylamine, as well as compounds selective for the β2-(dihydro-β-erythroidine hydrobromide; DhβE) and α6-(α-conotoxin MII [H9A; L15A]) subunit-containing receptors. Mecamylamine and DhβE decreased dopamine release and reduced ethanol's inhibitory effects on dopamine in both DBA and C57 mice. Further, α-conotoxin also reduced the dopamine release and the dopamine-inhibiting effects of ethanol at the 80 mM, but not 160 mM, concentration. These data suggest that ethanol is acting in part through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, or downstream effectors, to reduce dopamine release during high-frequency activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Yorgason
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - J H Rose
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - J M McIntosh
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Departments of Psychiatry and Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States
| | - M J Ferris
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - S R Jones
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States.
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