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Turan Yücel N, Kandemir Ü, Üçel Uİ, Demir Özkay Ü, Can ÖD. Catecholaminergic and Cholinergic Systems Mediate Beneficial Effect of Vortioxetine on Diabetes-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041137. [PMID: 37189755 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of vortioxetine on mechanical hyperalgesia/allodynia was investigated in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and its possible mechanism of action was elucidated in this study. The obtained findings demonstrated that subacute vortioxetine treatment (5 and 10 mg/kg for 2 weeks) increased the reduced paw-withdrawal thresholds of diabetic rats both in the Randall-Selitto and Dynamic plantar tests. Moreover, the falling latencies of animals did not change in the Rota-rod assessments. These results suggest that vortioxetine administration significantly improved diabetes-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia responses in the rats without affecting their motor coordination. The vortioxetine (5 mg/kg)-induced antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects were reversed by AMPT, yohimbine, ICI 118,551, sulpiride and atropine pre-treatments, suggesting the involvement of the catecholaminergic system, α2- and β2-adrenoceptors, D2/3 dopaminergic receptors and cholinergic muscarinic receptors in the exhibited pharmacological activity, respectively. Moreover, the data from the immunohistochemical studies indicated that the inhibition of c-Fos overexpression in dorsal horn neurons also mediates the beneficial effect of this drug. Vortioxetine induced no difference in plasma glucose levels in diabetic rats. If clinical studies confirm these findings, the concomitant beneficial effect of vortioxetine on mood disorders and its neutral activity profile on glycemic control may make it an alternative drug for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlı Turan Yücel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ümmühan Kandemir
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11230 Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Umut İrfan Üçel
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bayburt University, 69000 Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Ümide Demir Özkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Özgür Devrim Can
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
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Schweimer JV, Brouard JT, Li Y, Sánchez C, Sharp T. In vivo electrophysiological study of the targeting of 5-HT 3 receptor-expressing cortical interneurons by the multimodal antidepressant, vortioxetine. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1409-1423. [PMID: 35146812 PMCID: PMC9314076 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The antidepressant vortioxetine has high affinity for the ionotropic 5-HT3 receptor (5-HT3 R) as well as other targets including the 5-HT transporter. The procognitive effects of vortioxetine have been linked to altered excitatory:inhibitory balance in cortex. Thus, vortioxetine purportedly inhibits cortical 5-HT3 R-expressing interneurons (5-HT3 R-INs) to disinhibit excitatory pyramidal neurons. The current study determined for the first time, the effect of vortioxetine on the in vivo firing of putative 5-HT3 R-INs whilst simultaneously recording pyramidal neuron activity using cortical slow-wave oscillations as a readout. Extracellular single unit and local field potential recordings were made in superficial layers of the prefrontal cortex of urethane-anaesthetised rats. 5-HT3 R-INs were identified by a short-latency excitation evoked by electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Juxtacellular-labelling found such neurons had the morphological and immunohistochemical properties of 5-HT3 R-INs; basket cell or bipolar cell morphology, expression of 5-HT3 R-IN markers, and parvalbumin-immunonegative. Vortioxetine inhibited the short-latency DRN-evoked excitation of 5-HT3 R-INs and simultaneously decreased cortical slow wave oscillations, indicative of pyramidal neuron activation. Likewise, the 5-HT3 R antagonist ondansetron inhibited the short-latency DRN-evoked excitation of 5-HT3 R-INs. However unlike vortioxetine, ondansetron did not decrease cortical slow-wave oscillations suggesting a dissociation between this effect and inhibition of 5-HT3 R-INs. The 5-HT reuptake inhibitor escitalopram had no consistent effect on any electrophysiological parameter measured. Overall, the current findings suggest that vortioxetine simultaneously inhibits (DRN-evoked) 5-HT3 R-INs and excites pyramidal neurons, thereby changing the excitatory:inhibitory balance in cortex. However, under the current experimental conditions these two effects were dissociable with only the former likely involving a 5-HT3 R-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith V Schweimer
- University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, UK.,Current address: School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | | | - Yan Li
- Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark.,Current address: Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Connie Sánchez
- Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark.,Current address: Alkermes, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA.,Current address: Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Trevor Sharp
- University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, UK
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Nemutlu Samur D, Akçay G, Yıldırım S, Özkan A, Çeker T, Derin N, Tanrıöver G, Aslan M, Ağar A, Özbey G. Vortioxetine ameliorates motor and cognitive impairments in the rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease via targeting TLR-2 mediated neuroinflammation. Neuropharmacology 2022; 208:108977. [PMID: 35092748 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.108977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms associated with dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic injury. Vortioxetine is a multimodal serotonergic antidepressant with potential procognitive effects. This study aimed to explore the effects of vortioxetine on motor functions, spatial learning and memory, and depression-like behavior in the rotenone-induced rat model of PD. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were daily administered with the rotenone (2 mg·kg-1, s.c.) and/or vortioxetine (10 mg·kg-1, s.c.) for 28 days. Motor functions (rotarod, catalepsy, open-field), depression-like behaviors (sucrose preference test), anxiety (elevated plus maze), and spatial learning and memory abilities (novel object recognition and Morris water maze) were evaluated in behavioral tests. Then immunohistochemical, neurochemical, and biochemical analysis on specific brain areas were performed. Vortioxetine treatment markedly reduced rotenone-induced neurodegeneration, improved motor and cognitive dysfunction, decreased depression-like behaviors without affecting anxiety-like parameters. Vortioxetine also restored the impaired inflammatory response and affected neurotransmitter levels in brain tissues. Interestingly, vortioxetine was thought to trigger a sort of dysfunction in basal ganglia as evidenced by increased Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and decreased TH immunoreactivity only in substantia nigra tissue of PD rats compared to the control group. The present study indicates that vortioxetine has beneficial effects on motor dysfunction as well as cognitive impairment associated with neurodegeneration in the rotenone-induced PD model. Possible mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects cover TLR-2 inhibition and neurochemical restoration of vortioxetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Nemutlu Samur
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Güven Akçay
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sendegül Yıldırım
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Özkan
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Çeker
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Narin Derin
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tanrıöver
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mutay Aslan
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ağar
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gül Özbey
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
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Martis LS, Højgaard K, Holmes MC, Elfving B, Wiborg O. Vortioxetine ameliorates anhedonic-like behaviour and promotes strategic cognitive performance in a rodent touchscreen task. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9113. [PMID: 33907240 PMCID: PMC8079376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression-associated cognitive impairments are among the most prevalent and persistent symptoms during remission from a depressive episode and a major risk factor for relapse. Consequently, development of antidepressant drugs, which also alleviate cognitive impairments, is vital. One such potential antidepressant is vortioxetine that has been postulated to exhibit both antidepressant and pro-cognitive effects. Hence, we tested vortioxetine for combined antidepressant and pro-cognitive effects in male Long-Evans rats exposed to the chronic mild stress (CMS) paradigm. This well-established CMS paradigm evokes cognitive deficits in addition to anhedonia, a core symptom of depression. Learning and memory performance was assessed in the translational touchscreen version of the paired-associates learning task. To identify the mechanistic underpinning of the neurobehavioural results, transcriptional profiling of genes involved in the stress response, neuronal plasticity and genes of broad relevance in neuropsychiatric pathologies were assessed. Vortioxetine substantially relieved the anhedonic-like state in the CMS rats and promoted acquisition of the cognitive test independent of hedonic phenotype, potentially due to an altered cognitive strategy. Minor alterations in gene expression profiling in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were found. In summary, our findings suggest that vortioxetine exhibits an antidepressant effect as well as behavioural changes in a translational learning task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena-Sophie Martis
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kristoffer Højgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Megan C Holmes
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Betina Elfving
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ove Wiborg
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Danielak D. Vortioxetine in management of major depressive disorder - a favorable alternative for elderly patients? Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:1167-1177. [PMID: 33650935 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1880567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Depressive disorders are common in older patients, and their prevalence may reach up to 17.1%. Though for older adults, the initial recommended treatment is either life-review treatment or group cognitive-behavioral therapy, a combination of pharmacotherapy with interpersonal psychotherapy is also an option. There are many classes of antidepressants, and some meta-analyses suggest that the efficacy of different antidepressant groups is similar. Therefore, depression treatment in an elderly patient should consider preference, safety, and tolerability. Most reports suggest that SSRIs, such as citalopram, escitalopram, or sertraline, should be proposed as first-time medications.Areas covered: This article discusses the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of vortioxetine, emphasizing the observed differences, benefits, and risks for older patients. Vortioxetine - a multimodal antidepressant drug - was shown to be effective against major depressive disorders in both double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials and open-label studies.Expert opinion: Compared with commonly used antidepressants, vortioxetine appears to have unique properties that may be beneficial for elderly patients. Not only does it enhance cognitive function, but it also has a favorable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Danielak
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Adamo D, Calabria E, Coppola N, Pecoraro G, Mignogna MD. Vortioxetine as a new frontier in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain: a review and update. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2021; 11:20451253211034320. [PMID: 34497709 PMCID: PMC8419528 DOI: 10.1177/20451253211034320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) is a disabling medical condition that impairs the health-related quality-of-life of affected patients. A high prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and cognitive impairment has frequently been reported in association with CNP, making the management of this disease complex and often multidisciplinary. Dual-acting agents such as selective serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are considered particularly useful in the modulation of pain and in treatment of the mood disorders frequently associated with CNP. Recent evidence suggests that the top-down inhibitory control of pain involves the engagement and enhancement of descending endogenous opioidergic, cannabinoid and serotonergic systems, with the effect of serotonin being particularly related to the receptor subtypes that are preferentially activated; indeed serotonin induces analgesia via activation of 5-HT7 receptors and hyperalgesia via activation of 5-HT3 receptors. Vortioxetine (VO) is a novel multimodal serotonergic antidepressant with a unique mechanism of action. It has been demonstrated recently in experimental and clinical studies to have efficacy on pain hypersensitivity and on mood disorders. This drug inhibits the serotonin transporter with a high affinity, antagonises the 5-HT3, 5-HT1D and 5HT7 serotonin receptors, and activates the 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors. In clinical studies, VO has proved effective at a dose of 10-20 mg/daily in short- and long-term treatment of patients with chronic orofacial pain, demonstrating a higher rate of clinical response and remission, a better acceptability, safety rate and tolerability, and a lower latency of action compared with other antidepressants. In the light of these recent findings, VO may be considered as a new pharmacological treatment also in relation to various types of CNP, particularly in elderly patients with concomitant mood disorders and cognitive impairment. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the pharmacology and clinical applications of VO and to highlight its potential therapeutic properties and advantages in the management of CNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Adamo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Calabria
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University Federico II of Naples, via Pansini no.5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Noemi Coppola
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pecoraro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Davide Mignogna
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Khalaf NEA, El Banna FM, Youssef MY, Mosaad YM, Daba MHY, Ashour RH. Clopidogrel combats neuroinflammation and enhances learning behavior and memory in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 195:172956. [PMID: 32474163 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Multiple molecular mechanisms have been employed in its pathogenesis such as Amyloid β (Aβ) formation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, reduced acetylcholine (ACh) level, and neuroinflammation. This study aimed to assess the possible neuroprotective effect of clopidogrel in AD model induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in rats. METHODS Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four different groups: Control, AlCl3, AlCl3 + donepezil, and AlCl3 + Clopidogrel. AlCl3 and the drugs were given orally once/day for 42 days. The spatial learning and memory and recognition memory were evaluated using Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Novel Object Recognition (NOR) tests, respectively. After euthanasia, hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were biochemically assessed. Moreover, amyloid precursor protein (APP) mRNA gene expression was analyzed in the hippocampi of all rats. Histopathology for amyloid plaques was done. RESULTS Clopidogrel co-treatment significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficits induced by AlCl3 in rats. Besides, clopidogrel significantly reduced AChE activity, TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations, and APP mRNA gene expression in the hippocampi of rats compared to AlCl3 rats. The decrease of hippocampal TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations by clopidogrel was significant compared to donepezil co-treated rats. Clopidogrel co-treatment lessened amyloid plaque deposition in the hippocampal tissues of rats compared to AlCl3 rats. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that clopidogrel could alleviate learning and memory deficit induced by AlCl3 in rats and significantly reduced AChE activity. The neuroprotective outcome of clopidogrel might be assigned to its anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura El Adle Khalaf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | | - Rehab Hamdy Ashour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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Wu W, Wu Y, Cheng G, Zhang C, Wang H, Li Y. A Mouse Model of Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Demonstrates Potentially Reversible Effects on Hippocampal Neurons and Postoperative Cognitive Function. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1526-1536. [PMID: 30808858 PMCID: PMC6404631 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate cognitive function, hippocampal neuronal changes, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in a mouse model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Material/Methods Sixty mice were divided into the sham group, which underwent surgery without vascular occlusion; the I/R1 group, with occlusion of the left hepatic artery and portal vein for 20 min, and reperfusion for 30 min; and the I/R2 group, with occlusion of the left hepatic artery and portal vein for 40 min, and reperfusion for 30 min. At postoperative day 4 and 11, ten mice from each group underwent the Morris water maze (MWM) task. Hippocampal tissues were stained for Nissl bodies. Expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Groups I/R1 and I/R2 showed a significantly increased latency in the MWM test between days 5–9, compared with the sham group (P<0.05), with no difference by day 11; the I/R2 group had an initial lower crossing frequency (P<0.05), with no difference by day 18. The I/R2 group showed reduced numbers of Nissl bodies in hippocampal neurons. The I/R1 and I/R2 groups had increased expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β and decreased ChAT. No differences between the groups were found in levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, or ChAT by day 18. Conclusions A mouse model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury showed transient and reversible cognitive dysfunction, changes in hippocampal neurons, and expression of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Gao Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Hongxian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yuanhai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
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Bennabi D, Haffen E, Van Waes V. Vortioxetine for Cognitive Enhancement in Major Depression: From Animal Models to Clinical Research. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:771. [PMID: 31780961 PMCID: PMC6851880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Vortioxetine has already shown its efficacy in the acute and long-term treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its potential interest in the prevention of relapse. The aim of this study was to review the current status of knowledge regarding its cognitive effects. Methods: We conducted a review of key data obtained from preclinical behavioral models and clinical trials in MDD focusing on vortioxetine-induced cognitive changes. Results: In animals, acute and chronic administration of vortioxetine improves performance on objective measures that cover a broad range of cognitive domains. In human, vortioxetine appears to be a useful treatment option in MDD patients with cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: Vortioxetine constitutes a promising treatment for treatment of cognitive impairment in MDD, but its place in the therapeutic armamentarium still needs to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djamila Bennabi
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, INSERM, CHU de Besançon, Neurosciences, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FondaMental Foundation, Creteil, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, INSERM, CHU de Besançon, Neurosciences, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FondaMental Foundation, Creteil, France
| | - Vincent Van Waes
- Laboratory of Integrative and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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Hillhouse TM, Merritt CR, Smith DA, Cajina M, Sanchez C, Porter JH, Pehrson AL. Vortioxetine Differentially Modulates MK-801-Induced Changes in Visual Signal Detection Task Performance and Locomotor Activity. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1024. [PMID: 30271344 PMCID: PMC6146203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention impairment is a common feature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and MDD-associated cognitive dysfunction may play an important role in determining functional status among this patient population. Vortioxetine is a multimodal antidepressant that may improve some aspects of cognitive function in MDD patients, and may indirectly increase glutamate neurotransmission in brain regions classically associated with attention function. Previous non-clinical research suggests that vortioxetine has limited effects on attention. This laboratory previously found that vortioxetine did not improve attention function in animals impaired by acute scopolamine administration, using the visual signal detection task (VSDT). However, vortioxetine has limited effects on acetylcholinergic neurotransmission, and thus it is possible that attention impaired by other mechanisms would be attenuated by vortioxetine. This study sought to investigate whether acute vortioxetine administration can attenuate VSDT impairments and hyperlocomotion induced by the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801. We found that acute vortioxetine administration had no effect on VSDT performance on its own, but potentiated MK-801-induced VSDT impairments. Furthermore, vortioxetine had no effect on locomotor activity on its own, and did not alter MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion. We further investigated whether vortioxetine's effect on MK-801 could be driven by a kinetic interaction, but found that plasma and brain exposure for vortioxetine and MK-801 were similar whether administered alone or in combination. Thus, it appears that vortioxetine selectively potentiates MK-801-induced impairments in attention without altering its effects on locomotion, and further that this interaction must be pharmacodynamic in nature. A theoretical mechanism for this interaction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Hillhouse
- Department of Psychology, Weber State University, Ogden, UT, United States
| | - Christina R Merritt
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Douglas A Smith
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Manuel Cajina
- Lundbeck Research USA, Inc., Paramus, NJ, United States
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joseph H Porter
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Alan L Pehrson
- Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, United States
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Liu R, Crawford J, Callahan PM, Terry AV, Constantinidis C, Blake DT. Intermittent stimulation in the nucleus basalis of meynert improves sustained attention in rhesus monkeys. Neuropharmacology 2018; 137:202-210. [PMID: 29704983 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sustained attention is essential in important behaviors in daily life. Many neuropsychiatric disorders are characterized by a compromised ability to sustain attention, making this cognitive domain an important therapeutic target. In this study, we tested a novel method of improving sustained attention. Monkeys were engaged in a continuous performance task (CPT) while the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NB), the main source of cholinergic innervation of the neocortex, was stimulated. Intermittent NB stimulation improved the animals' performance by increasing the hit rate and decreasing the false alarm rate. Administration of the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil or the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine alone impaired performance, whereas the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine alone improved performance. Applying NB stimulation while mecamylamine or donepezil were administered impaired CPT performance. Methylphenidate, a monoaminergic psychostimulant, was applied in conjunction with intermittent stimulation as a negative control, as it does not directly modulate cholinergic output. Methylphenidate also improved performance, and it produced further improvement when combined with NB stimulation. The additive effect of the combination suggested NB stimulation altered behavior independently from methylphenidate effects. We conclude that basal forebrain projections contribute to sustained attention, and that intermittent NB stimulation is an effective way of improving performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China; Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jonathan Crawford
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Patrick M Callahan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Alvin V Terry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Christos Constantinidis
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - David T Blake
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Pehrson AL, Pedersen CS, Tølbøl KS, Sanchez C. Vortioxetine Treatment Reverses Subchronic PCP Treatment-Induced Cognitive Impairments: A Potential Role for Serotonin Receptor-Mediated Regulation of GABA Neurotransmission. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:162. [PMID: 29559911 PMCID: PMC5845537 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cognitive impairments that may contribute to poor functional outcomes. Clinical data suggests that the multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine attenuates some cognitive impairments in MDD patients, but the mechanistic basis for these improvements is unclear. One theory suggests that vortioxetine improves cognition by suppressing γ-amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission, thereby increasing glutamatergic activation. Vortioxetine’s effects on cognition, GABA and glutamate neurotransmission have been supported in separate experiments, but no empirical work has directly connected vortioxetine’s cognitive effects to those on GABA and glutamate neurotransmission. In this paper, we attempt to bridge this gap by evaluating vortioxetine’s effects in the subchronic PCP (subPCP) model, which induces impaired cognitive function and altered GABA and glutamate neurotransmission. We demonstrate that acute or subchronic vortioxetine treatment attenuated subPCP-induced deficits in attentional set shifting (AST) performance, and that the selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron or the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor escitalopram could mimic this effect. Furthermore, acute vortioxetine treatment reversed subPCP-induced object recognition (OR) deficits in rats, while subchronic vortioxetine reversed subPCP-induced Object Recognition and object placement impairments in mice. Finally, subPCP treatment reduced GABAB receptor expression in a manner that was insensitive to vortioxetine treatment, and subchronic vortioxetine treatment alone, but not in combination with subPCP, significantly increased GABA’s affinity for the GABAA receptor. These data suggest that vortioxetine reverses cognitive impairments in a model associated with altered GABA and glutamate neurotransmission, further supporting the hypothesis that vortioxetine’s GABAergic and glutamatergic effects are relevant for cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan L Pehrson
- Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, United States
| | | | | | - Connie Sanchez
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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13
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Chen F, Danladi J, Ardalan M, Elfving B, Müller HK, Wegener G, Sanchez C, Nyengaard JR. A Critical Role of Mitochondria in BDNF-Associated Synaptic Plasticity After One-Week Vortioxetine Treatment. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21. [PMID: 29514282 PMCID: PMC6007239 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies have indicated that antidepressant effect of vortioxetine involves increased synaptic plasticity and promotion of spine maturation. Mitochondria dysfunction may contribute to the pathophysiological basis of major depressive disorder. Taking into consideration that vortioxetine increases spine number and dendritic branching in hippocampus CA1 faster than fluoxetine, we hypothesize that new spines induced by vortioxetine can rapidly form functional synapses by mitochondrial support, accompanied by increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling. METHODS Rats were treated for 1 week with vortioxetine or fluoxetine at pharmacologically relevant doses. Number of synapses and mitochondria in hippocampus CA1 were quantified by electron microscopy. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels were visualized with immunohistochemistry. Gene and protein expression of synapse and mitochondria-related markers were investigated with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. RESULTS Vortioxetine increased number of synapses and mitochondria significantly, whereas fluoxetine had no effect after 1-week dosing. BDNF levels in hippocampus DG and CA1 were significantly higher after vortioxetine treatment. Gene expression levels of Rac1 after vortioxetine treatment were significantly increased. There was a tendency towards increased gene expression levels of Drp1 and protein levels of Rac1. However, both gene and protein levels of c-Fos were significantly decreased. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between BDNF levels and mitochondria and synapse numbers. CONCLUSION Our results imply that mitochondria play a critical role in synaptic plasticity accompanied by increased BDNF levels. Rapid changes in BDNF levels and synaptic/mitochondria plasticity of hippocampus following vortioxetine compared with fluoxetine may be ascribed to vortioxetine's modulation of serotonin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Chen
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
- Core Center for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Correspondence: Fenghua Chen, Department of Clinical Medicine - Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Skovagervej 2, 8240 Risskov, Denmark ()
| | - Jibrin Danladi
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Maryam Ardalan
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine - Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Heidi K Müller
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- AUGUST Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
- Alkermes, Biotechnology, Waltham, MA
| | - Jens R Nyengaard
- Core Center for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Dale E, Grunnet M, Pehrson AL, Frederiksen K, Larsen PH, Nielsen J, Stensbøl TB, Ebert B, Yin H, Lu D, Liu H, Jensen TN, Yang CR, Sanchez C. The multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine may facilitate pyramidal cell firing by inhibition of 5-HT 3 receptor expressing interneurons: An in vitro study in rat hippocampus slices. Brain Res 2017; 1689:1-11. [PMID: 29274875 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine is thought to mediate its pharmacological effects via 5-HT1A receptor agonism, 5-HT1B receptor partial agonism, 5-HT1D, 5-HT3, 5-HT7 receptor antagonism and 5-HT transporter inhibition. Here we studied vortioxetine's functional effects across species (canine, mouse, rat, guinea pig and human) in cellular assays with heterologous expression of 5-HT3A receptors (in Xenopus oocytes and HEK-293 cells) and in mouse neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells with endogenous expression of 5-HT3A receptors. Furthermore, we studied the effects of vortioxetine on activity of CA1 Stratum Radiatum interneurons in rat hippocampus slices using current- and voltage-clamping methods. The patched neurons were subsequently filled with biocytin for confirmation of 5-HT3 receptor mRNA expression by in situ hybridization. Whereas, both vortioxetine and the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron potently antagonized 5-HT-induced currents in the cellular assays, vortioxetine had a slower off-rate than ondansetron in oocytes expressing 5-HT3A receptors. Furthermore, vortioxetine's but not ondansetron's 5-HT3 receptor antagonistic potency varied considerably across species. Vortioxetine had the highest potency at rat and the lowest potency at guinea pig 5-HT3A receptors. Finally, in 5-HT3 receptor-expressing GABAergic interneurons from the CA1 stratum radiatum, vortioxetine and ondansetron blocked depolarizations induced by superfusion of either 5-HT or the 5-HT3 receptor agonist mCPBG. Taken together, these data add to a growing literature supporting the idea that vortioxetine may inhibit GABAergic neurotransmission in some brain regions via a 5-HT3 receptor antagonism-dependent mechanism and thereby disinhibit pyramidal neurons and enhance glutamatergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dale
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Grunnet
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alan L Pehrson
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristen Frederiksen
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter H Larsen
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Nielsen
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tine B Stensbøl
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjarke Ebert
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Haolan Yin
- ChemPartner Co. Ltd, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Dunguo Lu
- ChemPartner Co. Ltd, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Huiquing Liu
- ChemPartner Co. Ltd, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Thomas N Jensen
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charles R Yang
- ChemPartner Co. Ltd, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Skovagervej 2, DK-8240 Risskov, Denmark.
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Riga MS, Teruel-Martí V, Sánchez C, Celada P, Artigas F. Subchronic vortioxetine treatment –but not escitalopram– enhances pyramidal neuron activity in the rat prefrontal cortex. Neuropharmacology 2017; 113:148-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Jin Y, Peng J, Wang X, Zhang D, Wang T. Ameliorative Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Role of Cholinergic System. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1299-1307. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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