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Khan S, Bano N, Ahamad S, John U, Dar NJ, Bhat SA. Excitotoxicity, Oxytosis/Ferroptosis, and Neurodegeneration: Emerging Insights into Mitochondrial Mechanisms. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0125-1. [PMID: 39122453 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the development of age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disorders. The etiology of mitochondrial dysfunction involves a multitude of factors that remain elusive. This review centers on elucidating the role(s) of excitotoxicity, oxytosis/ferroptosis and neurodegeneration within the context of mitochondrial bioenergetics, biogenesis, mitophagy and oxidative stress and explores their intricate interplay in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. The effective coordination of mitochondrial turnover processes, notably mitophagy and biogenesis, is assumed to be critically important for cellular resilience and longevity. However, the age-associated decrease in mitophagy impedes the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria, consequently impairing mitochondrial biogenesis. This deleterious cascade results in the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and deterioration of cellular functions. Both excitotoxicity and oxytosis/ferroptosis have been demonstrated to contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's Disease (HD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Excitotoxicity, characterized by excessive glutamate signaling, initiates a cascade of events involving calcium dysregulation, energy depletion, and oxidative stress and is intricately linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, emerging concepts surrounding oxytosis/ferroptosis underscore the importance of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial engagement in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. This review not only discusses the individual contributions of excitotoxicity and ferroptosis but also emphasizes their convergence with mitochondrial dysfunction, a key driver of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the intricate crosstalk between excitotoxicity, oxytosis/ferroptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction holds potential to pave the way for mitochondrion-targeted therapeutic strategies. Such strategies, with a focus on bioenergetics, biogenesis, mitophagy, and oxidative stress, emerge as promising avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Khan
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Nargis Bano
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Shakir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Urmilla John
- School of Studies in Neuroscience, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India; School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Nawab John Dar
- CNB, SALK Institute of Biological Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Feng L, Sun J, Xia L, Shi Q, Hou Y, Zhang L, Li M, Fan C, Sun B. Ferroptosis mechanism and Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1741-1750. [PMID: 38103240 PMCID: PMC10960301 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death is a genetically determined form of programmed cell death that commonly occurs during the development of living organisms. This process plays a crucial role in modulating homeostasis and is evolutionarily conserved across a diverse range of living organisms. Ferroptosis is a classic regulatory mode of cell death. Extensive studies of regulatory cell death in Alzheimer's disease have yielded increasing evidence that ferroptosis is closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and recent research advances in the role of ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease. Our findings are expected to serve as a theoretical and experimental foundation for clinical research and targeted therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingyi Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ling Xia
- Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yajun Hou
- Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taian Traffic Hospital, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mingquan Li
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Cundong Fan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Baoliang Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Multi-Target Intervention and Disease Control, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
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Soni P, Ammal Kaidery N, Sharma SM, Gazaryan I, Nikulin SV, Hushpulian DM, Thomas B. A critical appraisal of ferroptosis in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease: new insights into emerging mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1390798. [PMID: 39040474 PMCID: PMC11260649 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1390798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a pressing global health challenge, and the identification of novel mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis is of utmost importance. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This review delves into the discovery of ferroptosis, the critical players involved, and their intricate role in the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration, with an emphasis on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We critically appraise unsolved mechanistic links involved in the initiation and propagation of ferroptosis, such as a signaling cascade resulting in the de-repression of lipoxygenase translation and the role played by mitochondrial voltage-dependent anionic channels in iron homeostasis. Particular attention is given to the dual role of heme oxygenase in ferroptosis, which may be linked to the non-specific activity of P450 reductase in the endoplasmic reticulum. Despite the limited knowledge of ferroptosis initiation and progression in neurodegeneration, Nrf2/Bach1 target genes have emerged as crucial defenders in anti-ferroptotic pathways. The activation of Nrf2 and the inhibition of Bach1 can counteract ferroptosis and present a promising avenue for future therapeutic interventions targeting ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Soni
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Irina Gazaryan
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Dyson College of Arts and Sciences, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, United States
| | - Sergey V. Nikulin
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Hushpulian
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- A.N.Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Zeng L, Yang K, Yu G, Hao W, Zhu X, Ge A, Chen J, Sun L. Advances in research on immunocyte iron metabolism, ferroptosis, and their regulatory roles in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:481. [PMID: 38965216 PMCID: PMC11224426 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases commonly affect various systems, but their etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Currently, increasing research has highlighted the role of ferroptosis in immune regulation, with immune cells being a crucial component of the body's immune system. This review provides an overview and discusses the relationship between ferroptosis, programmed cell death in immune cells, and autoimmune diseases. Additionally, it summarizes the role of various key targets of ferroptosis, such as GPX4 and TFR, in immune cell immune responses. Furthermore, the release of multiple molecules, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), following cell death by ferroptosis, is examined, as these molecules further influence the differentiation and function of immune cells, thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, immune cells secrete immune factors or their metabolites, which also impact the occurrence of ferroptosis in target organs and tissues involved in autoimmune diseases. Iron chelators, chloroquine and its derivatives, antioxidants, chloroquine derivatives, and calreticulin have been demonstrated to be effective in animal studies for certain autoimmune diseases, exerting anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Finally, a brief summary and future perspectives on the research of autoimmune diseases are provided, aiming to guide disease treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
- Psychosomatic laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Daqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daqing, China.
| | - Ganpeng Yu
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | - Wensa Hao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junpeng Chen
- Psychosomatic laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Daqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daqing, China.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China.
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Grander M, Haschka D, Indelicato E, Kremser C, Amprosi M, Nachbauer W, Henninger B, Stefani A, Högl B, Fischer C, Seifert M, Kiechl S, Weiss G, Boesch S. Genetic Determined Iron Starvation Signature in Friedreich's Ataxia. Mov Disord 2024; 39:1088-1098. [PMID: 38686449 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early studies in cellular models suggested an iron accumulation in Friedreich's ataxia (FA), yet findings from patients are lacking. OBJECTIVES The objective is to characterize systemic iron metabolism, body iron storages, and intracellular iron regulation in FA patients. METHODS In FA patients and matched healthy controls, we assessed serum iron parameters, regulatory hormones as well as the expression of regulatory proteins and iron distribution in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We applied magnetic resonance imaging with R2*-relaxometry to quantify iron storages in the liver, spleen, and pancreas. Across all evaluations, we assessed the influence of the genetic severity as expressed by the length of the shorter GAA-expansion (GAA1). RESULTS We recruited 40 FA patients (19 women). Compared to controls, FA patients displayed lower serum iron and transferrin saturation. Serum ferritin, hepcidin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume in FA inversely correlated with the GAA1-repeat length, indicating iron deficiency and restricted availability for erythropoiesis with increasing genetic severity. R2*-relaxometry revealed a reduction of splenic and hepatic iron stores in FA. Liver and spleen R2* values inversely correlated with the GAA1-repeat length. FA PBMCs displayed downregulation of ferritin and upregulation of transferrin receptor and divalent metal transporter-1 mRNA, particularly in patients with >500 GAA1-repeats. In FA PBMCs, intracellular iron was not increased, but shifted toward mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence for a previously unrecognized iron starvation signature at systemic and cellular levels in FA patients, which is related to the underlying genetic severity. These findings challenge the use of systemic iron lowering therapies in FA. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Grander
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Haschka
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabetta Indelicato
- Center for Rare Movement Disorders Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Kremser
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Amprosi
- Center for Rare Movement Disorders Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Nachbauer
- Center for Rare Movement Disorders Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benjamin Henninger
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ambra Stefani
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Högl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christine Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Seifert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, Centre on Clinical Stroke Research, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Center for Rare Movement Disorders Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Lu L, Jifu C, Xia J, Wang J. E3 ligases and DUBs target ferroptosis: A potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116753. [PMID: 38761423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of cell death mediated by iron and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Recent studies have provided compelling evidence to support the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that regulate ferroptosis in NDDs may improve disease management. Ferroptosis is regulated by multiple mechanisms, and different degradation pathways, including autophagy and the ubiquitinproteasome system (UPS), orchestrate the complex ferroptosis response by directly or indirectly regulating iron accumulation or lipid peroxidation. Ubiquitination plays a crucial role as a protein posttranslational modification in driving ferroptosis. Notably, E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are key enzymes in the ubiquitin system, and their dysregulation is closely linked to the progression of NDDs. A growing body of evidence highlights the role of ubiquitin system enzymes in regulating ferroptosis sensitivity. However, reports on the interaction between ferroptosis and ubiquitin signaling in NDDs are scarce. In this review, we first provide a brief overview of the biological processes and roles of the UPS, summarize the core molecular mechanisms and potential biological functions of ferroptosis, and explore the pathophysiological relevance and therapeutic implications of ferroptosis in NDDs. In addition, reviewing the roles of E3s and DUBs in regulating ferroptosis in NDDs aims to provide new insights and strategies for the treatment of NDDs. These include E3- and DUB-targeted drugs and ferroptosis inhibitors, which can be used to prevent and ameliorate the progression of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxia Lu
- College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, People's Republic of China
| | - Cili Jifu
- College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xia
- College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, People's Republic of China.
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Szlasa W, Mazurek W, Szewczyk A, Rembiałkowska N, Tunikowska J, Kulbacka J. The Antagonistic and Synergistic Role of Fe 3+ Compounds in Chemo- and Electrochemotherapy in Human Colon Cancer In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:651. [PMID: 38794222 PMCID: PMC11124256 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) management includes surgery, radio- and chemotherapy based on treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or its derivatives. However, its application is limited to low-grade carcinomas. Thus, much research has been conducted to introduce new techniques and drugs to the therapy. CC mostly affects older people suffering from cardiac diseases, where iron compounds are commonly used. Ferric citrate and iron (III)-EDTA complexes have proven to be effective in colon cancer in vitro. This study aimed to determine the potency and action of iron-containing compounds in colon cancer treatment by chemo- and electrochemotherapy in both nano- and microsecond protocols. The viability of the cells was assessed after standalone iron (III) citrate and iron (III)-EDTA incubation. Both compounds were also assessed with 5-FU to determine the combination index. Additionally, frataxin expression was taken as the quantitative response to the exposition of iron compounds. Each of the substances exhibited a cytotoxic effect on the LoVo cell line. Electroporation with standalone drugs revealed the potency of 5-FU and iron(III)-EDTA in CC treatment. The combination of 5-FU with iron(III)-EDTA acted synergistically, increasing the viability of the cells in the nanosecond electrochemotherapy protocol. Iron(III)-EDTA decreased the frataxin expression, thus inducing ferroptosis. Iron(III) citrate induced the progression of cancer; therefore, it should not be considered as a potential therapeutic option. The relatively low stability of iron(III) citrate leads to the delivery of citrate anions to cancer cells, which could increase the Krebs cycle rate and promote progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Szlasa
- Medical University Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Wiktoria Mazurek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Szewczyk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (N.R.)
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Nina Rembiałkowska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Joanna Tunikowska
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-356 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (N.R.)
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Adegboro AG, Afolabi IS. Molecular mechanisms of mitochondria-mediated ferroptosis: a potential target for antimalarial interventions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1374735. [PMID: 38660623 PMCID: PMC11039840 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1374735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inactivation, and the build-up of lipotoxic reactive species. Ferroptosis-targeted induction is a promising therapeutic approach for addressing antimalarial drug resistance. In addition to being the primary source of intracellular energy supply and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondria actively participate in diverse forms of regulated cell death, including ferroptosis. Altered mitochondrial morphology and functionality are attributed to ferroptosis. Diverse mitochondria-related proteins and metabolic activities have been implicated in fine-tuning the action of ferroptosis inducers. Herein, we review recent progress in this evolving field, elucidating the numerous mechanisms by which mitochondria regulate ferroptosis and giving an insight into the role of the organelle in ferroptosis. Additionally, we present an overview of how mitochondria contribute to ferroptosis in malaria. Furthermore, we attempt to shed light on an inclusive perspective on how targeting malaria parasites' mitochondrion and attacking redox homeostasis is anticipated to induce ferroptosis-mediated antiparasitic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adegbolagun Grace Adegboro
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Israel Sunmola Afolabi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
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Blair I, Fan J, Gillespie K, Mesaros C. Ferroptosis and HMGB2 induced calreticulin translocation required for immunogenic cell death are controlled by the nuclear exporter XPO1. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4009459. [PMID: 38496553 PMCID: PMC10942558 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4009459/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin and oxaliplatin cause the secretion of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) from cancer cells, which is necessary for initiation of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Calreticulin (CRT) translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane is also required; oxaliplatin induces this translocation but cisplatin does not. We have discovered that oxaliplatin causes the secretion of both HMGB1 and HMGB2 from the nucleus into the extracellular milieu. We previously showed that cisplatin mediated secretion of HMGB1 is controlled by the nuclear exporter XPO1 (chromosomal maintenance 1; CRM1). We now find that XPO1 regulates oxaliplatin mediated secretion of both HMGB1 and HMGB2. XPO1 inhibition causes nuclear accumulation of both proteins, inhibition of oxaliplatin-mediated ferroptosis of colon cancer cells, and inhibition of CRT translocation to the plasma membrane of lung and colon cancer cells. Incubation of cancer cells with cell targeted (CT)-HMGB2 confirmed that HMGB2 is responsible for translocation of CRT to the plasma membrane. CT-HMGB2 is three orders of magnitude more potent than oxaliplatin at inducing CRT translocation. Inhibition of HMGB1 and HMGB2 secretion and/or their activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) has potential utility for treating cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases; whereas CT-HMGB2 could augment therapeutic approaches to cancer treatment.
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10
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Feng F, He S, Li X, He J, Luo L. Mitochondria-mediated Ferroptosis in Diseases Therapy: From Molecular Mechanisms to Implications. Aging Dis 2024; 15:714-738. [PMID: 37548939 PMCID: PMC10917537 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a type of cell death involving iron and lipid peroxidation, has been found to be closely associated with the development of many diseases. Mitochondria are vital components of eukaryotic cells, serving important functions in energy production, cellular metabolism, and apoptosis regulation. Presently, the precise relationship between mitochondria and ferroptosis remains unclear. In this study, we aim to systematically elucidate the mechanisms via which mitochondria regulate ferroptosis from multiple perspectives to provide novel insights into mitochondrial functions in ferroptosis. Additionally, we present a comprehensive overview of how mitochondria contribute to ferroptosis in different conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory disease, mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, and novel coronavirus pneumonia. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the involvement of mitochondria in ferroptosis could lead to more effective approaches for both basic cell biology studies and medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhai Feng
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shasha He
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Animal Experiment Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Jiake He
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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11
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Cheng K, Yang G, Huang M, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wang C. Physiological and transcriptomic analysis revealed the alleviating effect of 1,25(OH) 2D 3 on environmental iron overloading induced ferroptosis in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123626. [PMID: 38395136 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Iron overload in the aquatic environment can cause damage in fish bodies. Vitamin D3 (VD3) has been proven to have antioxidant and regulatory effects on iron transport. The current research investigated the effects of environmental iron overload on larval zebrafish and explored the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on ferroptosis in zebrafish larvae and zebrafish liver cells (ZFL) caused by iron overload in the environment and its possible regulatory mechanisms. The results showed that 1,25(OH)2D3 alleviated liver damage in zebrafish larvae and mitochondrial damage in ZFL after excessive ammonium ferric citrate (FAC) treatment, and improved the survival rate of ZFL. 1,25(OH)2D3 cleared and inhibited excessive FAC induced abnormal accumulation of ROS, lipid ROS, MDA, and Fe2+ in zebrafish larvae and ZFL, as well as enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzyme GPx4. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 1,25(OH)2D3 can regulate ferroptosis in ZFL by regulating signaling pathways related to oxidative stress, iron homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and ERS, mainly including ferroptosis, neoptosis, p53 signaling pathway, apoptosis, FoxO signaling pathway. Validation of transcriptome data showed that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits ferroptosis in zebrafish larvae and ZFL caused by excessive FAC via promoting the expression of slc40a1 and hmox1a genes and increasing SLC40A1 protein levels. In summary, 1,25(OH)2D3 can resist ferroptosis in zebrafish caused by iron overload in the environment mainly via regulating antioxidant capacity and iron ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Huang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yijia Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanqing Huang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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12
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Fang W, Xie S, Deng W. Ferroptosis mechanisms and regulations in cardiovascular diseases in the past, present, and future. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:17. [PMID: 38509409 PMCID: PMC10955039 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09853-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main diseases that endanger human health, and their risk factors contribute to high morbidity and a high rate of hospitalization. Cell death is the most important pathophysiology in CVDs. As one of the cell death mechanisms, ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death (RCD) that broadly participates in CVDs (such as myocardial infarction, heart transplantation, atherosclerosis, heart failure, ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy (radiation-induced cardiomyopathy, diabetes cardiomyopathy, sepsis-induced cardiac injury, doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury, iron overload cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), and pulmonary arterial hypertension), involving in iron regulation, metabolic mechanism and lipid peroxidation. This article reviews recent research on the mechanism and regulation of ferroptosis and its relationship with the occurrence and treatment of CVDs, aiming to provide new ideas and treatment targets for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CVDs by clarifying the latest progress in CVDs research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Saiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Wang Y, Li H, He Q, Zou R, Cai J, Zhang L. Ferroptosis: underlying mechanisms and involvement in neurodegenerative diseases. Apoptosis 2024; 29:3-21. [PMID: 37848673 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a mode of cell death that was recently identified in 2012, is driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and distinct from other mechanisms of cell death such as autophagy and apoptosis. Ferroptosis has the unique features of disruptions in iron equilibrium, iron-induced lipid peroxidation, and the accumulation of glutamate-induced cellular toxicity. The regulation of ferroptosis mainly involves the iron, lipid, and amino acid metabolic pathways, which are controlled by system Xc-, voltage-dependent anion channels, p53 and other pathways. Neurodegenerative diseases involve gradual neuronal loss predominantly within the central nervous system and are categorized into both sporadic and rare hereditary disorders. These diseases result in the progressive decline of specific neuron populations and their interconnections. Recent investigations have revealed a strong correlation between the manifestation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and ferroptosis. The pharmacological modulation of ferroptosis, whether by induction or inhibition, exhibits promising prospects for therapeutic interventions for these diseases. This review aims to examine the literature on ferroptosis and its implications in various neurodegenerative diseases. We hope to offer novel insights into the potential therapies targeting ferroptosis in central nervous system neurodegenerative diseases. However, there are still limitations of this review. First, despite our efforts to maintain objectivity during our analysis, this review does not cover all the studies on ferroptosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Second, cell death in neurodegenerative diseases is not solely caused by ferroptosis. Future research should focus on the interplay of different cell death mechanisms to better elucidate the specific disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - HongJing Li
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - QianXiong He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Rong Zou
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - JinRui Cai
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China.
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14
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Pilotto F, Chellapandi DM, Puccio H. Omaveloxolone: a groundbreaking milestone as the first FDA-approved drug for Friedreich ataxia. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:117-125. [PMID: 38272714 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FA) is an inherited autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease (NDD) characterized primarily by progressive sensory and spinocerebellar ataxia associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. FA is due to an intronic GAA repeat expansion within the frataxin gene (FXN) leading to reduced levels of frataxin (FXN) which causes mitochondrial dysfunction, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and altered iron metabolism. To date there is no resolutive cure for FA; however, the FDA has recently approved omaveloxolone - a potent activator of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) - as the first treatment for FA. We discuss herein the urgency to find a resolutive cure for NDDs that will most probably be achieved via combinatorial therapy targeting multiple disease pathways, and how omavaloxolone serves as an example for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pilotto
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS UMR 5261, Inserm U1315, Lyon, France
| | - Deepika M Chellapandi
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS UMR 5261, Inserm U1315, Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Puccio
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS UMR 5261, Inserm U1315, Lyon, France.
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15
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Singh G, Kesharwani P, Kumar Singh G, Kumar S, Putta A, Modi G. Ferroptosis and its modulators: A raising target for cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 98:117564. [PMID: 38171251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The process of ferroptosis, a recently identified form of regulated cell death (RCD) is associated with the overloading of iron species and lipid-derived ROS accumulation. Ferroptosis is induced by various mechanisms such as inhibiting system Xc, glutathione depletion, targeting excess iron, and directly inhibiting GPX4 enzyme. Also, ferroptosis inhibition is achieved by blocking excessive lipid peroxidation by targeting different pathways. These mechanisms are often related to the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's. Fundamentally distinct from other forms of cell death, such as necrosis and apoptosis, ferroptosis differs in terms of biochemistry, functions, and morphology. The mechanism by which ferroptosis acts as a regulatory factor in many diseases remains elusive. Studying the activation and inhibition of ferroptosis as a means to mitigate the progression of various diseases is a highly intriguing and actively researched topic. It has emerged as a focal point in etiological research and treatment strategies. This review systematically summarizes the different mechanisms involved in the inhibition and induction of ferroptosis. We have extensively explored different agents that can induce or inhibit ferroptosis. This review offers current perspectives on recent developments in ferroptosis research, highlighting the disease's etiology and presenting references to enhance its understanding. It also explores new targets for the treatment of cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Gireesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, Central University of South Bihar Gaya, 824236, India
| | - Saroj Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anjaneyulu Putta
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Churchill Haines, Vermillion SD-57069, United States
| | - Gyan Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India.
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16
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Sanz-Alcázar A, Britti E, Delaspre F, Medina-Carbonero M, Pazos-Gil M, Tamarit J, Ros J, Cabiscol E. Mitochondrial impairment, decreased sirtuin activity and protein acetylation in dorsal root ganglia in Friedreich Ataxia models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 81:12. [PMID: 38129330 PMCID: PMC10739563 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FA) is a rare, recessive neuro-cardiodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Mitochondrial dysfunction, a reduction in the activity of iron-sulfur enzymes, iron accumulation, and increased oxidative stress have been described. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons are among the cellular types most affected in the early stages of this disease. However, its effect on mitochondrial function remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that in primary cultures of DRG neurons as well as in DRGs from the FXNI151F mouse model, frataxin deficiency resulted in lower activity and levels of the electron transport complexes, mainly complexes I and II. In addition, altered mitochondrial morphology, indicative of degeneration was observed in DRGs from FXNI151F mice. Moreover, the NAD+/NADH ratio was reduced and sirtuin activity was impaired. We identified alpha tubulin as the major acetylated protein from DRG homogenates whose levels were increased in FXNI151F mice compared to WT mice. In the mitochondria, superoxide dismutase (SOD2), a SirT3 substrate, displayed increased acetylation in frataxin-deficient DRG neurons. Since SOD2 acetylation inactivates the enzyme, and higher levels of mitochondrial superoxide anion were detected, oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Elevated levels of hydroxynonenal bound to proteins and mitochondrial Fe2+ accumulation was detected when frataxin decreased. Honokiol, a SirT3 activator, restores mitochondrial respiration, decreases SOD2 acetylation and reduces mitochondrial superoxide levels. Altogether, these results provide data at the molecular level of the consequences of electron transport chain dysfunction, which starts negative feedback, contributing to neuron lethality. This is especially important in sensory neurons which have greater susceptibility to frataxin deficiency compared to other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabela Sanz-Alcázar
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elena Britti
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fabien Delaspre
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Medina-Carbonero
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Pazos-Gil
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Tamarit
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Ros
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
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17
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Wang Y, Lv MN, Zhao WJ. Research on ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102035. [PMID: 37619619 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron- and lipid peroxidation (LPO)-mediated programmed cell death type. Recently, mounting evidence has indicated the involvement of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases, especially in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and so on. Treating ferroptosis presents opportunities as well as challenges for neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of typical features of ferroptosis and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to its occurrence, as well as their implications in the pathogenesis and advancement of major neurodegenerative disorders. Meanwhile, we summarize the utilization of ferroptosis inhibition in both experimental and clinical approaches for the treatment of major neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, we specifically summarize recent advances in developing therapeutic means targeting ferroptosis in these diseases, which may guide future approaches for the effective management of these devastating medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Meng-Nan Lv
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Wei-Jiang Zhao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; Department of Cell Biology, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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18
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Abudurousuli G, Xu S, Che J, Ding X, Gui B, Zhu L. Role of ferroptosis in effects of anesthetics on multiple organ diseases: A literature review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20405. [PMID: 37780755 PMCID: PMC10539942 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Anesthesiologists are often faced with patients combined with a series of organ injuries, such as acute lung injury, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. With the in-depth study of these diseases, we are more aware of the choice and rational use of anesthetics for the prognosis of these patients. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death. This unique pattern of cell death, driven by an imbalance between oxides and antioxidants, is regulated by multiple cellular metabolic events, including redox homeostasis, iron handling, mitochondrial activity, and lipids peroxidation. Numerous studies confirmed that anesthetics modulate ferroptosis by interfering its machineries such as cystine-import-glutathione-glutathione peroxidase 4 axis, Heme oxygenase 1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and iron homeostasis system. In this literature review, we systemically illustrated possible involvement of ferroptosis in effects of anesthetics and adjuvant drugs on multiple organ diseases, hoping our work may serve as a basis for further studies on regulating ferroptosis through anesthetics related pharmacological modulation and promoting the rational use of anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulibositan Abudurousuli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyang Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinxing Che
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Huai'an Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Xiahao Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Gui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linjia Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Ast T, Wang H, Marutani E, Nagashima F, Malhotra R, Ichinose F, Mootha VK. Continuous, but not intermittent, regimens of hypoxia prevent and reverse ataxia in a murine model of Friedreich's ataxia. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2600-2610. [PMID: 37260376 PMCID: PMC10407700 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is a devastating, multi-systemic neurodegenerative disease affecting thousands of people worldwide. We previously reported that oxygen is a key environmental variable that can modify FA pathogenesis. In particular, we showed that chronic, continuous normobaric hypoxia (11% FIO2) prevents ataxia and neurological disease in a murine model of FA, although it did not improve cardiovascular pathology or lifespan. Here, we report the pre-clinical evaluation of seven 'hypoxia-inspired' regimens in the shFxn mouse model of FA, with the long-term goal of designing a safe, practical and effective regimen for clinical translation. We report three chief results. First, a daily, intermittent hypoxia regimen (16 h 11% O2/8 h 21% O2) conferred no benefit and was in fact harmful, resulting in elevated cardiac stress and accelerated mortality. The detrimental effect of this regimen is likely owing to transient tissue hyperoxia that results when daily exposure to 21% O2 combines with chronic polycythemia, as we could blunt this toxicity by pharmacologically inhibiting polycythemia. Second, we report that more mild regimens of chronic hypoxia (17% O2) confer a modest benefit by delaying the onset of ataxia. Third, excitingly, we show that initiating chronic, continuous 11% O2 breathing once advanced neurological disease has already started can rapidly reverse ataxia. Our studies showcase both the promise and limitations of candidate hypoxia-inspired regimens for FA and underscore the need for additional pre-clinical optimization before future translation into humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tslil Ast
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eizo Marutani
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Fumiaki Nagashima
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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20
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Wang C, Liu H, Xu S, Deng Y, Xu B, Yang T, Liu W. Ferroptosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights into the Regulatory Roles of SLC7A11. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s10571-023-01343-7. [PMID: 36988772 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Programed cell death plays a key role in promoting human development and maintaining homeostasis. Ferroptosis is a recently identified pattern of programmed cell death that is closely associated with the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Ferroptosis is mainly caused by the intracellular accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides. The cysteine/glutamate antibody Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11, also known as xCT) functions to import cysteine for glutathione biosynthesis and antioxidant defense. SLC7A11 has a significant impact on ferroptosis, and inhibition of SLC7A11 expression promotes ferroptosis. Moreover, SLC7A11 is also closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper, we summarize the relationship between ferroptosis and neurodegenerative diseases and the role of SLC7A11 during this process. The various regulatory mechanisms of SLC7A11 are also discussed. In conclusion, we are looking forward to a theoretical basis for further understanding the occurrence and development of ferroptosis in SLC7A11 and neurodegenerative diseases, and to seek new clues for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Haihui Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Si Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianyao Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
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21
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Tiberi J, Cesarini V, Stefanelli R, Canterini S, Fiorenza MT, Rosa PL. Sex differences in antioxidant defence and the regulation of redox homeostasis in physiology and pathology. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111802. [PMID: 36958540 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a term that defines a group of unstable compounds derived from exogenous sources or endogenous metabolism. Under physiological conditions, low levels of ROS play a key role in the regulation of signal transduction- or transcription-mediated cellular responses. In contrast, excessive and uncontrolled loading of ROS results in a pathological state known as oxidative stress (OS), a leading contributor to aging and a pivotal factor for the onset and progression of many disorders. Evolution has endowed cells with an antioxidant system involved in stabilizing ROS levels to a specific threshold, preserving ROS-induced signalling function and limiting negative side effects. In mammals, a great deal of evidence indicates that females defence against ROS is more proficient than males, determining a longer lifespan and lower incidence of most chronic diseases. In this review, we will summarize the most recent sex-related differences in the regulation of redox homeostasis. We will highlight the peculiar aspects of the antioxidant defence in sex-biased diseases whose onset or progression is driven by OS, and we will discuss the molecular, genetic, and evolutionary determinants of female proficiency to cope with ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tiberi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; PhD program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeriana Cesarini
- Department of Biomedicine Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Stefanelli
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Canterini
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorenza
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio La Rosa
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Costa I, Barbosa DJ, Benfeito S, Silva V, Chavarria D, Borges F, Remião F, Silva R. Molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and their involvement in brain diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108373. [PMID: 36894028 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death characterized by intracellular accumulation of iron and reactive oxygen species, inhibition of system Xc-, glutathione depletion, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidation and lipid peroxidation. Since its discovery and characterization in 2012, many efforts have been made to reveal the underlying mechanisms, modulating compounds, and its involvement in disease pathways. Ferroptosis inducers include erastin, sorafenib, sulfasalazine and glutamate, which, by inhibiting system Xc-, prevent the import of cysteine into the cells. RSL3, statins, Ml162 and Ml210 induce ferroptosis by inhibiting glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which is responsible for preventing the formation of lipid peroxides, and FIN56 and withaferin trigger GPX4 degradation. On the other side, ferroptosis inhibitors include ferrostatin-1, liproxstatin-1, α-tocopherol, zileuton, FSP1, CoQ10 and BH4, which interrupt the lipid peroxidation cascade. Additionally, deferoxamine, deferiprone and N-acetylcysteine, by targeting other cellular pathways, have also been classified as ferroptosis inhibitors. Increased evidence has established the involvement of ferroptosis in distinct brain diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and Friedreich's ataxia. Thus, a deep understanding of how ferroptosis contributes to these diseases, and how it can be modulated, can open a new window of opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies and targets. Other studies have shown a sensitivity of cancer cells with mutated RAS to ferroptosis induction and that chemotherapeutic agents and ferroptosis inducers synergize in tumor treatment. Thus, it is tempting to consider that ferroptosis may arise as a target mechanistic pathway for the treatment of brain tumors. Therefore, this work provides an up-to-date review on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of ferroptosis and their involvement in brain diseases. In addition, information on the main ferroptosis inducers and inhibitors and their molecular targets is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel José Barbosa
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP-IMS - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vera Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIQUP-IMS - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Chavarria
- CIQUP-IMS - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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23
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Fighting age-related orthopedic diseases: focusing on ferroptosis. Bone Res 2023; 11:12. [PMID: 36854703 PMCID: PMC9975200 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a unique type of cell death, is characterized by iron-dependent accumulation and lipid peroxidation. It is closely related to multiple biological processes, including iron metabolism, polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, and the biosynthesis of compounds with antioxidant activities, including glutathione. In the past 10 years, increasing evidence has indicated a potentially strong relationship between ferroptosis and the onset and progression of age-related orthopedic diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Therefore, in-depth knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in age-related orthopedic diseases may help improve disease treatment and prevention. This review provides an overview of recent research on ferroptosis and its influences on bone and cartilage homeostasis. It begins with a brief overview of systemic iron metabolism and ferroptosis, particularly the potential mechanisms of ferroptosis. It presents a discussion on the role of ferroptosis in age-related orthopedic diseases, including promotion of bone loss and cartilage degradation and the inhibition of osteogenesis. Finally, it focuses on the future of targeting ferroptosis to treat age-related orthopedic diseases with the intention of inspiring further clinical research and the development of therapeutic strategies.
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24
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Synofzik M, Rugarli E, Reid E, Schüle R. Ataxia and spastic paraplegia in mitochondrial disease. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 194:79-98. [PMID: 36813322 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821751-1.00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative ataxias and hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) form a continuous, often overlapping disease spectrum sharing not only phenotypic features and underlying genes, but also cellular pathways and disease mechanisms. Mitochondrial metabolism presents a major molecular theme underlying both multiple ataxias and HSPs, thus indicating a heightened vulnerability of Purkinje cells, spinocerebellar tracts, and motor neurons to mitochondrial dysfunction, which is of particular interest for translational approaches. Mitochondrial dysfunction might be the primary (upstream) or secondary (downstream) result of a genetic defect, with underlying genetic defects in nuclear-encoded genes being much more frequent than in mtDNA genes in both, ataxias and HSPs. Here, we outline the substantial number of ataxias, spastic ataxias and HSPs caused by mutated genes implicated in (primary or secondary) mitochondrial dysfunction, highlighting several key "mitochondrial" ataxias and HSPs which are of particular interest for their frequency, pathogenesis and translational opportunities. We then showcase prototypic mitochondrial mechanisms by which disruption of these ataxia and HSP genes contributes to Purkinje cells or corticospinal neuron dysfunction, thus elucidating hypotheses on Purkinje cells and corticospinal neuron vulnerability to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology & Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Elena Rugarli
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Evan Reid
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology & Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
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25
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Traber MG, Cross C. Alpha-Tocopherol from people to plants is an essential cog in the metabolic machinery. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:775-791. [PMID: 36793193 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Protection from oxygen, a di-radical, became a necessity with the evolution of photosynthetic organisms about 2.7 billion years. α-Tocopherol plays an essential role in organisms from plants to people. An overview of human conditions that result in severe vitamin E (α-tocopherol) deficiency is provided. RECENT ADVANCES α-Tocopherol has a critical role in the oxygen protection system by stopping lipid peroxidation, its induced damage and cellular death by ferroptosis. Recent findings in bacteria and plants support the concept of why lipid peroxidation is so dangerous to life and why the family of tocochromanols are essential for aerobic organisms and for plants. CRITICAL ISSUES The hypothesis that prevention of the propagation of lipid peroxidation is the basis for the α-tocopherol requirement in vertebrates is proposed and further that its absence dysregulates energy metabolism, one-carbon metabolism and thiol homeostasis. By recruiting intermediate metabolites from adjacent pathways to sustain effective lipid hydroperoxide elimination, α-tocopherol function is linked not only to NADPH metabolism and its formation through the pentose phosphate pathway via glucose metabolism, but also to sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism, and to one-carbon metabolism. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Evidence from humans, animals and plants support the hypothesis but future studies are needed to assess the genetic sensors that detect lipid peroxidation and cause the ensuing metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maret G Traber
- Oregon State University, 2694, Linus Pauling Institute, 307 LPSC, Corvallis, Oregon, United States, 97331-4501;
| | - Carroll Cross
- University of California Davis School of Medicine, 12218, Sacramento, California, United States;
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26
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Popoiu TA, Dudek J, Maack C, Bertero E. Cardiac Involvement in Mitochondrial Disorders. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2023; 20:76-87. [PMID: 36802007 PMCID: PMC9977856 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-023-00592-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review pathophysiology and clinical features of mitochondrial disorders manifesting with cardiomyopathy. RECENT FINDINGS Mechanistic studies have shed light into the underpinnings of mitochondrial disorders, providing novel insights into mitochondrial physiology and identifying new therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial disorders are a group of rare genetic diseases that are caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or in nuclear genes that are essential to mitochondrial function. The clinical picture is extremely heterogeneous, the onset can occur at any age, and virtually, any organ or tissue can be involved. Since the heart relies primarily on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism to fuel contraction and relaxation, cardiac involvement is common in mitochondrial disorders and often represents a major determinant of their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor-Alexandru Popoiu
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
- "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Jan Dudek
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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27
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Li B, Wang C, Lu P, Ji Y, Wang X, Liu C, Lu X, Xu X, Wang X. IDH1 Promotes Foam Cell Formation by Aggravating Macrophage Ferroptosis. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101392. [PMID: 36290297 PMCID: PMC9598283 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In our study, the involvement of IDH1 in atherosclerotic foam cells was explored. Inhibiting macrophage ferroptosis and foam cell formation by knocking down IDH1 is a promising study direction for better understanding the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis, as well as the treatment targets for atherosclerosis. Abstract A distinctive feature of ferroptosis is intracellular iron accumulation and the impairment of antioxidant capacity, resulting in a lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides leading to cell death. This study was conducted to determine whether inhibiting isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) may help to prevent foam cell formation by reducing oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced ferroptosis in macrophages and activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Gene expression profiling (GSE70126 and GSE70619) revealed 21 significantly different genes, and subsequent bioinformatics research revealed that ferroptosis and IDH1 play essential roles in foam cell production. We also confirmed that ox-LDL elevates macrophage ferroptosis and IDH1 protein levels considerably as compared with controls. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a ferroptosis inhibitor, reduced ox-LDL-induced elevated Fe2+ levels, lipid peroxidation (LPO) buildup, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) buildup, glutathione (GSH) depletion, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy polypeptide 1 (FTH1), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) protein downregulation. More crucially, inhibiting IDH1 reduced Fe2+ overload, lipid peroxidation, LDH, and glutathione depletion, and elevated GPX4, FTH1, and SLC7A11 protein expression, resulting in a reduction in ox-LDL-induced macrophage ferroptosis. IDH1 inhibition suppressed ox-LDL-induced macrophage damage and apoptosis while raising NRF2 protein levels. We have demonstrated that inhibiting IDH1 reduces ox-LDL-induced ferroptosis and foam cell formation in macrophages, implying that IDH1 may be an important molecule regulating foam cell formation and may be a promising molecular target for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chufan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yumeng Ji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xufeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chaoyang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiaohu Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Ili, Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Yining 835000, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (X.W.)
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28
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Dexmedetomidine prevents hemorrhagic brain injury by reducing damage induced by ferroptosis in mice. Neurosci Lett 2022; 788:136842. [PMID: 35995304 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition with significant morbidity and mortality for which few effective treatments are clinically available. After ICH, iron overload within the perihaematomal region can induce lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation, which contribute to secondary brain injury. An iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death known as ferroptosis was recently identified. Ferroptosis plays an important role in ICH pathology. It is characterized by an accumulation of iron-induced lipid ROS, which leads to intracellular oxidative stress. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2-adrenergic agonist, is widely used for anesthesia, pain control, and intensive care unit sedation. DEX has numerous beneficial activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-cell death activities. Here, we established a mouse model of ICH using collagenase VII and evaluated the effect of DEX in preventing ICH-induced brain injury. Our study showed that administering DEX reduced the damage induced by ferroptosis after ICH by regulating iron metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid peroxidation processes.
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29
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Kelekçi S, Yıldız AB, Sevinç K, Çimen DU, Önder T. Perspectives on current models of Friedreich’s ataxia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:958398. [PMID: 36036008 PMCID: PMC9403045 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.958398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA, OMIM#229300) is the most common hereditary ataxia, resulting from the reduction of frataxin protein levels due to the expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the FXN gene. Why the triplet repeat expansion causes a decrease in Frataxin protein levels is not entirely known. Generation of effective FRDA disease models is crucial for answering questions regarding the pathophysiology of this disease. There have been considerable efforts to generate in vitro and in vivo models of FRDA. In this perspective article, we highlight studies conducted using FRDA animal models, patient-derived materials, and particularly induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models. We discuss the current challenges in using FRDA animal models and patient-derived cells. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of how iPSC-based models of FRDA were used to investigate the main pathways involved in disease progression and to screen for potential therapeutic agents for FRDA. The specific focus of this perspective article is to discuss the outlook and the remaining challenges in the context of FRDA iPSC-based models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tamer Önder
- *Correspondence: Simge Kelekçi, , ; Tamer Önder,
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30
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Wang D, Ho ES, Cotticelli MG, Xu P, Napierala JS, Hauser LA, Napierala M, Himes BE, Wilson RB, Lynch DR, Mesaros C. Skin fibroblast metabolomic profiling reveals that lipid dysfunction predicts the severity of Friedreich's ataxia. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100255. [PMID: 35850241 PMCID: PMC9399481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a triplet guanine-adenine-adenine (GAA) repeat expansion in intron 1 of the FXN gene, which leads to decreased levels of the frataxin protein. Frataxin is involved in the formation of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster prosthetic groups for various metabolic enzymes. To provide a better understanding of the metabolic status of patients with FRDA, here we used patient-derived fibroblast cells as a surrogate tissue for metabolic and lipidomic profiling by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. We found elevated HMG-CoA and β-hydroxybutyrate-CoA levels, implying dysregulated fatty acid oxidation, which was further demonstrated by elevated acyl-carnitine levels. Lipidomic profiling identified dysregulated levels of several lipid classes in FRDA fibroblast cells when compared with non-FRDA fibroblast cells. For example, levels of several ceramides were significantly increased in FRDA fibroblast cells; these results positively correlated with the GAA repeat length and negatively correlated with the frataxin protein levels. Furthermore, stable isotope tracing experiments indicated increased ceramide synthesis, especially for long-chain fatty acid-ceramides, in FRDA fibroblast cells compared with ceramide synthesis in healthy control fibroblast cells. In addition, PUFA-containing triglycerides and phosphatidylglycerols were enriched in FRDA fibroblast cells and negatively correlated with frataxin levels, suggesting lipid remodeling as a result of FXN deficiency. Altogether, we demonstrate patient-derived fibroblast cells exhibited dysregulated metabolic capabilities, and their lipid dysfunction predicted the severity of FRDA, making them a useful surrogate to study the metabolic status in FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhen Wang
- Center for Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elaine S. Ho
- Center for Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M. Grazia Cotticelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peining Xu
- Center for Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jill S. Napierala
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, UAB Stem Cell Institute, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lauren A. Hauser
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marek Napierala
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, UAB Stem Cell Institute, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Blanca E. Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert B. Wilson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David R. Lynch
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- Center for Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,For correspondence: Clementina Mesaros
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31
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Progress and Setbacks in Translating a Decade of Ferroptosis Research into Clinical Practice. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142134. [PMID: 35883577 PMCID: PMC9320262 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten years after its initial description, ferroptosis has emerged as the most intensely studied entity among the non-apoptotic forms of regulated cell death. The molecular features of ferroptotic cell death and its functional role have been characterized in vitro and in an ever-growing number of animal studies, demonstrating that it exerts either highly detrimental or, depending on the context, occasionally beneficial effects on the organism. Consequently, two contrary therapeutic approaches are being explored to exploit our detailed understanding of this cell death pathway: the inhibition of ferroptosis to limit organ damage in disorders such as drug-induced toxicity or ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the induction of ferroptosis in cancer cells to ameliorate anti-tumor strategies. However, the path from basic science to clinical utility is rocky. Emphasizing ferroptosis inhibition, we review the success and failures thus far in the translational process from basic research in the laboratory to the treatment of patients.
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Li D, Pi W, Sun Z, Liu X, Jiang J. Ferroptosis and its role in cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113279. [PMID: 35738177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiomyopathy is a disease characterized by the heart muscle damage, resulting heart in a structurally and functionally change, as well as heart failure and sudden cardiac death. The key pathogenic factor of cardiomyopathy is the loss of cardiomyocytes, but the related molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered regulated form of cell death, characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation during cell death. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an important regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of many heart diseases such as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, cardiomyopathy and heart failure. However, the systemic association of ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy remains largely unknown and needs to be elucidated. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in individual cardiomyopathies, highlight that targeting ferroptosis maybe a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiomyopathy therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenhu Pi
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology of Taizhou, Radiation Oncology Institute of Enze Medical Health Academy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Taizhou hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenzhu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Ou M, Jiang Y, Ji Y, Zhou Q, Du Z, Zhu H, Zhou Z. Role and Mechanism of Ferroptosis in Neurological Diseases. Mol Metab 2022; 61:101502. [PMID: 35447365 PMCID: PMC9170779 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ferroptosis, as a new form of cell death, is different from other cell deaths such as autophagy or senescence. Ferroptosis involves in the pathophysiological progress of several diseases, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, nervous system diseases, and kidney damage. Since oxidative stress and iron deposition are the broad pathological features of neurological diseases, the role of ferroptosis in neurological diseases has been widely explored. Scope of review Ferroptosis is mainly characterized by changes in iron homeostasis, iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, and glutamate toxicity accumulation, of which can be specifically reversed by ferroptosis inducers or inhibitors. The ferroptosis is mainly regulated by the metabolism of iron, lipids and amino acids through System Xc−, voltage-dependent anion channels, p53, p62-Keap1-Nrf2, mevalonate and other pathways. This review also focus on the regulatory pathways of ferroptosis and its research progress in neurological diseases. Major conclusions The current researches of ferroptosis in neurological diseases mostly focus on the key pathways of ferroptosis. At the same time, ferroptosis was found playing a bidirectional regulation role in neurological diseases. Therefore, the specific regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in neurological diseases still need to be further explored to provide new perspectives for the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ou
- The affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of JiangNan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- The affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of JiangNan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China
| | - Yingying Ji
- The affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of JiangNan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- The affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of JiangNan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China
| | - Zhiqiang Du
- The affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of JiangNan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China
| | - Haohao Zhu
- The affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of JiangNan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China.
| | - Zhenhe Zhou
- The affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of JiangNan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China.
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Charaschanya M, Maskrey TS, LaPorte MG, Janjic JM, Wipf P. Synthesis and Optimization of Nitroxide-Based Inhibitors of Ferroptotic Cell Death in Cancer Cells and Macrophages. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:403-408. [PMID: 35300093 PMCID: PMC8919392 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
JP4-039 is an alkene peptide isostere that acts as a low-micromolar inhibitor of erastin- and RSL-3-induced ferroptotic cell death in the HT-1080 cell line. In this work, we have developed new synthetic strategies that allow access to analogues of this lead structure. Enantioselective vinylogous Mannich or cross-metathesis reactions were key to the preparation of a series of analogues that culminated in the preparation of the ca. 30-fold more potent analogue (S)-6c. Structure-activity relationship analyses used both HT-1080 cells and a luminescence-based ferroptosis assay in RAW 264.7 macrophages. In particular, α,α-disubstituted alkene peptide isosteres (Rα ≠ H) were found to exceed the potency of the corresponding glycine (Rα = H) derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manwika Charaschanya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Taber S Maskrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Matthew G LaPorte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jelena M Janjic
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, 415 Mellon Hall, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Rodríguez-Graciani KM, Chapa-Dubocq XR, Ayala-Arroyo EJ, Chaves-Negrón I, Jang S, Chorna N, S. Maskrey T, Wipf P, Javadov S. Effects of Ferroptosis on the Metabolome in Cardiac Cells: The Role of Glutaminolysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020278. [PMID: 35204160 PMCID: PMC8868370 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel iron-dependent regulated cell death mechanism that affects cell metabolism; however, a detailed metabolomic analysis of ferroptotic cells is not yet available. Here, we elucidated the metabolome of H9c2 cardioblasts by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry during ferroptosis induced by RSL3, a GPX4 inhibitor, in the presence of ferrostatin-1 (a ferroptosis inhibitor), XJB-5-131 (a mitochondrial-targeted ROS scavenger), or TSM-1005-44 (a newly developed cellular ROS scavenger). Results demonstrated that RSL3 decreased the levels of amino acids involved in glutathione synthesis more than two-fold. In contrast, saturated fatty acids levels were markedly increased in RSL3-challenged cells, with no effects on unsaturated fatty acids. RSL3 significantly altered the levels of mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates; isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate were found to increase, whereas succinate was significantly decreased in RSL3-challenged cells. Ferrostatin-1, XJB-5-131, and TSM-1005-44 prevented RSL3-induced cell death and conserved the metabolomic profile of the cells. Since 2-oxoglutarate is involved in the regulation of ferroptosis, particularly through glutamine metabolism, we further assessed the role of glutaminolysis in ferroptosis in H9c2 cardioblasts. Genetic silencing of GLS1, which encodes the K-type mitochondrial glutaminase (glutaminase C), protected against ferroptosis in the early stage. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that RSL3-induced ferroptosis impairs the metabolome of H9c2 cardioblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishla M. Rodríguez-Graciani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (K.M.R.-G.); (X.R.C.-D.); (E.J.A.-A.); (I.C.-N.); (S.J.)
| | - Xavier R. Chapa-Dubocq
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (K.M.R.-G.); (X.R.C.-D.); (E.J.A.-A.); (I.C.-N.); (S.J.)
| | - Esteban J. Ayala-Arroyo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (K.M.R.-G.); (X.R.C.-D.); (E.J.A.-A.); (I.C.-N.); (S.J.)
| | - Ivana Chaves-Negrón
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (K.M.R.-G.); (X.R.C.-D.); (E.J.A.-A.); (I.C.-N.); (S.J.)
| | - Sehwan Jang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (K.M.R.-G.); (X.R.C.-D.); (E.J.A.-A.); (I.C.-N.); (S.J.)
| | - Nataliya Chorna
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA;
| | - Taber S. Maskrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (T.S.M.); (P.W.)
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (T.S.M.); (P.W.)
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (K.M.R.-G.); (X.R.C.-D.); (E.J.A.-A.); (I.C.-N.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-787-758-2525 (ext. 2909)
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Ge C, Zhang S, Mu H, Zheng S, Tan Z, Huang X, Xu C, Zou J, Zhu Y, Feng D, Aa J. Emerging Mechanisms and Disease Implications of Ferroptosis: Potential Applications of Natural Products. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:774957. [PMID: 35118067 PMCID: PMC8804219 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of regulatory cell death (RCD), has been demonstrated to be distinct from other types of RCD, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and oxidative perturbation, and is inhibited by iron chelators and lipophilic antioxidants. This process is regulated by specific pathways and is implicated in diverse biological contexts, mainly including iron homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. A large body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis is interrelated with various physiological and pathological processes, including tumor progression (neuro)degenerative diseases, and hepatic and renal failure. There is an urgent need for the discovery of novel effective ferroptosis-modulating compounds, even though some experimental reagents and approved clinical drugs have been well documented to have anti- or pro-ferroptotic properties. This review outlines recent advances in molecular mechanisms of the ferroptotic death process and discusses its multiple roles in diverse pathophysiological contexts. Furthermore, we summarize chemical compounds and natural products, that act as inducers or inhibitors of ferroptosis in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Herein, it is particularly highlighted that natural products show promising prospects in ferroptosis-associated (adjuvant) therapy with unique advantages of having multiple components, multiple biotargets and slight side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiwen Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaojun Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoyi Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xintong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yubing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yubing Zhu, ; Dong Feng, ; Jiye Aa,
| | - Dong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yubing Zhu, ; Dong Feng, ; Jiye Aa,
| | - Jiye Aa
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yubing Zhu, ; Dong Feng, ; Jiye Aa,
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Medina-Carbonero M, Sanz-Alcázar A, Britti E, Delaspre F, Cabiscol E, Ros J, Tamarit J. Mice harboring the FXN I151F pathological point mutation present decreased frataxin levels, a Friedreich ataxia-like phenotype, and mitochondrial alterations. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:74. [PMID: 35038030 PMCID: PMC8763788 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Friedreich Ataxia (FA) is a rare neuro-cardiodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the frataxin (FXN) gene. The most prevalent mutation is a GAA expansion in the first intron of the gene causing decreased frataxin expression. Some patients present the GAA expansion in one allele and a missense mutation in the other allele. One of these mutations, FXNI154F, was reported to result in decreased content of mature frataxin and increased presence of an insoluble intermediate proteoform in cellular models. By introducing this mutation into the murine Fxn gene (I151F, equivalent to human I154F) we have now analyzed the consequences of this pathological point mutation in vivo. We have observed that FXNI151F homozygous mice present low frataxin levels in all tissues, with no evidence of insoluble proteoforms. Moreover, they display neurological deficits resembling those observed in FA patients. Biochemical analysis of heart, cerebrum and cerebellum have revealed decreased content of components from OXPHOS complexes I and II, decreased aconitase activity, and alterations in antioxidant defenses. These mitochondrial alterations are more marked in the nervous system than in heart, precede the appearance of neurological symptoms, and are similar to those observed in other FA models. We conclude that the primary pathological mechanism underlying the I151F mutation is frataxin deficiency, like in patients carrying GAA expansions. Therefore, patients carrying the I154F mutation would benefit from frataxin replacement therapies. Furthermore, our results also show that the FXNI151F mouse is an excellent tool for analyzing tissue-specific consequences of frataxin deficiency and for testing new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Medina-Carbonero
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Fac. Medicina, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Arabela Sanz-Alcázar
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Fac. Medicina, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Elena Britti
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Fac. Medicina, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Fabien Delaspre
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Fac. Medicina, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Fac. Medicina, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Ros
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Fac. Medicina, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Tamarit
- Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Fac. Medicina, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Xun Z, Wipf P, McMurray CT. XJB-5-131 Is a Mild Uncoupler of Oxidative Phosphorylation. J Huntingtons Dis 2022; 11:141-151. [PMID: 35404288 PMCID: PMC9798833 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-220539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria (MT) are energy "powerhouses" of the cell and the decline in their function from oxidative damage is strongly correlated in many diseases. To suppress oxygen damage, we have developed and applied XJB-5-131 as a targeted platform for neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly in MT. Although the beneficial activity of XJB-5-131 is well documented, the mechanism of its protective effects is not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVE Here, we elucidate the mechanism of protection for XJB-5-131, a mitochondrial targeted antioxidant and electron scavenger. METHODS The Seahorse Flux Analyzer was used to probe the respiratory states of isolated mouse brain mitochondria treated with XJB-5-131 compared to controls. RESULTS Surprisingly, there is no direct impact of XJB-5-131 radical scavenger on the electron flow through the electron transport chain. Rather, XJB-5-131 is a mild uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. The nitroxide moiety in XJB-5-131 acts as a superoxide dismutase mimic, which both extracts or donates electrons during redox reactions. The electron scavenging activity of XJB-5-131 prevents the leakage of electrons and reduces formation of superoxide anion, thereby reducing ROS. CONCLUSION We show here that XJB-5-131 is a mild uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in MT. The mild uncoupling property of XJB-5-131 arises from its redox properties, which exert a protective effect by reducing ROS-induced damage without sacrificing energy production. Because mitochondrial decline is a common and central feature of toxicity, the favorable properties of XJB-5-131 are likely to be useful in treating Huntington's disease and a wide spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases for which oxidative damage is a key component. The mild uncoupling properties of XJB-5-131 suggest a valuable mechanism of action for the design of clinically effective antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Xun
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cynthia T. McMurray
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA,Correspondence to: Cynthia T. McMurray, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Tel.: +1 510 486 6526; Fax: +1 510 486 6880;
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Research progress on the mechanism of ferroptosis and its clinical application. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112932. [PMID: 34800540 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a mode of cell death dependent on iron ions, which is mainly induced by the decrease of the biological activity of glutathione peroxidase or the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is significantly different from autophagy and other forms of cell death in terms of cell morphology and biochemistry. The exact mechanisms of ferroptosis are not clear. More and more studies have shown that various tumor diseases and nervous system diseases are closely related to ferroptosis. The occurrence and development of related diseases can be tolerated by stimulating or inhibiting the occurrence of ferroptosis. Therefore, ferroptosis has occupied a very important position in recent years. This article reviews the discovery process, characteristics, mechanisms, inducers, inhibitors of ferroptosis and its related clinical applications to lay a foundation for follow-up researchers to study ferroptosis and provide some reference value.
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Doni D, Meggiolaro M, Santos J, Audran G, Marque SRA, Costantini P, Bortolus M, Carbonera D. A Combined Spectroscopic and In Silico Approach to Evaluate the Interaction of Human Frataxin with Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121763. [PMID: 34944579 PMCID: PMC8698469 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Frataxin (FXN) is a highly conserved mitochondrial protein whose deficiency causes Friedreich’s ataxia, a neurodegenerative disease. The precise physiological function of FXN is still unclear; however, there is experimental evidence that the protein is involved in biosynthetic iron–sulfur cluster machinery, redox imbalance, and iron homeostasis. FXN is synthesized in the cytosol and imported into the mitochondria, where it is proteolytically cleaved to the mature form. Its involvement in the redox imbalance suggests that FXN could interact with mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2), a key enzyme in antioxidant cellular defense. In this work, we use site-directed spin labelling coupled to electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (SDSL-EPR) and fluorescence quenching experiments to investigate the interaction between human FXN and SOD2 in vitro. Spectroscopic data are combined with rigid body protein–protein docking to assess the potential structure of the FXN-SOD2 complex, which leaves the metal binding region of FXN accessible to the solvent. We provide evidence that human FXN interacts with human SOD2 in vitro and that the complex is in fast exchange. This interaction could be relevant during the assembly of iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters and/or their incorporation in proteins when FeS clusters are potentially susceptible to attacks by reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Doni
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy; (D.D.); (M.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Marta Meggiolaro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy; (D.D.); (M.M.); (P.C.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Javier Santos
- Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (iB3), Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina;
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Gérard Audran
- Aix Marseille Universitè, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Ave Escadrille Normandie Niemen, CEDEX 20, 13397 Marseille, France; (G.A.); (S.R.A.M.)
| | - Sylvain R. A. Marque
- Aix Marseille Universitè, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Ave Escadrille Normandie Niemen, CEDEX 20, 13397 Marseille, France; (G.A.); (S.R.A.M.)
| | - Paola Costantini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy; (D.D.); (M.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Marco Bortolus
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Donatella Carbonera
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
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Marku A, Galli A, Marciani P, Dule N, Perego C, Castagna M. Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction. Cells 2021; 10:2841. [PMID: 34831062 PMCID: PMC8616520 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element involved in a variety of physiological functions. In the pancreatic beta-cells, being part of Fe-S cluster proteins, it is necessary for the correct insulin synthesis and processing. In the mitochondria, as a component of the respiratory chain, it allows the production of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that trigger beta-cell depolarization and potentiate the calcium-dependent insulin release. Iron cellular content must be finely tuned to ensure the normal supply but also to prevent overloading. Indeed, due to the high reactivity with oxygen and the formation of free radicals, iron excess may cause oxidative damage of cells that are extremely vulnerable to this condition because the normal elevated ROS production and the paucity in antioxidant enzyme activities. The aim of the present review is to provide insights into the mechanisms responsible for iron homeostasis in beta-cells, describing how alteration of these processes has been related to beta-cell damage and failure. Defects in iron-storing or -chaperoning proteins have been detected in diabetic conditions; therefore, the control of iron metabolism in these cells deserves further investigation as a promising target for the development of new disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carla Perego
- Department of Excellence Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Trentacoste, 22134 Milano, Italy; (A.M.); (A.G.); (P.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Michela Castagna
- Department of Excellence Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Trentacoste, 22134 Milano, Italy; (A.M.); (A.G.); (P.M.); (N.D.)
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Wu J, Wang Y, Jiang R, Xue R, Yin X, Wu M, Meng Q. Ferroptosis in liver disease: new insights into disease mechanisms. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:276. [PMID: 34611144 PMCID: PMC8492622 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized by excessive iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis is a novel form of iron-dependent cell death, which is morphologically, genetically, and biochemically distinct from other well-known cell death. In recent years, ferroptosis has been quickly gaining attention in the field of liver diseases, as the liver is predisposed to oxidative injury and generally, excessive iron accumulation is a primary characteristic of most major liver diseases. In the current review, we first delineate three cellular defense mechanisms against ferroptosis (GPx4 in the mitochondria and cytosol, FSP1 on plasma membrane, and DHODH in mitochondria), along with four canonical modulators of ferroptosis (system Xc−, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, p53, and GTP cyclohydrolase-1). Next, we review recent progress of ferroptosis studies delineating molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of several common liver diseases including ischemia/reperfusion-related injury (IRI), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), hemochromatosis (HH), drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthermore, we also highlight both challenges and promises that emerged from recent studies that should be addressed and pursued in future investigations before ferroptosis regulation could be adopted as an effective therapeutic target in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Rongtao Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ran Xue
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100036, China
| | - Xuehong Yin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Muchen Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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43
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Chen X, Kang R, Kroemer G, Tang D. Organelle-specific regulation of ferroptosis. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2843-2856. [PMID: 34465893 PMCID: PMC8481335 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a cell death modality characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is involved in the development of multiple pathological conditions, including ischemic tissue damage, infection, neurodegeneration, and cancer. The cellular machinery responsible for the execution of ferroptosis integrates multiple pro-survival or pro-death signals from subcellular organelles and then 'decides' whether to engage the lethal process or not. Here, we outline the evidence implicating different organelles (including mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, peroxisomes, Golgi apparatus, and nucleus) in the ignition or avoidance of ferroptosis, while emphasizing their potential relevance for human disease and their targetability for pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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44
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Hu X, Xu Y, Xu H, Jin C, Zhang H, Su H, Li Y, Zhou K, Ni W. Progress in Understanding Ferroptosis and Its Targeting for Therapeutic Benefits in Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injuries. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:705786. [PMID: 34422826 PMCID: PMC8371332 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute central nervous system (CNS) trauma, including spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), always leads to severe sensory, motor and autonomic nervous system dysfunction due to a series of processes, including cell death, oxidative stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity. In recent years, ferroptosis was reported to be a type of programmed cell death characterized by the consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxides. The processes that induce ferroptosis include iron overload, imbalanced glutathione metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Several studies have indicated a novel association of ferroptosis and acute CNS trauma. The present paper reviews recent studies of the occurrence of ferroptosis, stressing the definition and process of ferroptosis and metabolic pathways related to ferroptosis. Furthermore, a summary of the existing knowledge of the role of ferroptosis in CNS trauma is presented. The aim here is to effectively understand the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of ferroptosis, as well as the relevant effect on the pathophysiological process of CNS trauma, to present a novel perspective and frame of reference for subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenqiang Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haohan Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
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45
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Ferroptosis in Different Pathological Contexts Seen through the Eyes of Mitochondria. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5537330. [PMID: 34211625 PMCID: PMC8205588 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5537330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently described form of regulated cell death characterized by intracellular iron accumulation and severe lipid peroxidation due to an impaired cysteine-glutathione-glutathione peroxidase 4 antioxidant defence axis. One of the hallmarks of ferroptosis is a specific morphological phenotype characterized by extensive ultrastructural changes of mitochondria. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondria play a significant role in the induction and execution of ferroptosis. The present review summarizes existing knowledge about the mitochondrial impact on ferroptosis in different pathological states, primarily cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, we highlight pathologies in which the ferroptosis/mitochondria relation remains to be investigated, where the process of ferroptosis has been confirmed (such as liver- and kidney-related pathologies) and those in which ferroptosis has not been studied yet, such as diabetes. We will bring attention to avenues that could be followed in future research, based on the use of mitochondria-targeted approaches as anti- and proferroptotic strategies and directed to the improvement of existing and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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46
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Hu W, Zhang Y, Wang D, Yang T, Qi J, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Zhang J, Sun B, Liang S. Iron Overload-Induced Ferroptosis Impairs Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Embryonic Developmental Competence in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:673291. [PMID: 34124055 PMCID: PMC8194094 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.673291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death. This type of iron-dependent programmed cell death is different from traditional forms of regulated cell death, such as apoptosis and autophagy. However, the role of ferroptosis in porcine oocyte maturation and the associated mechanism remain unclear. In the present research, we investigated the effects of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), a specific ferroptosis inducer, on porcine oocyte meiotic maturation and quality and subsequent embryonic developmental competence. FAC treatment caused obvious accumulation of intracellular ferrous ions in porcine oocytes. At the end of the in vitro maturation (IVM) period, there was a significant decrease in the polar body (PB) extrusion rate and an increase in the percentage of abnormal oocytes in the FAC treatment groups, indicating that iron overload-induced ferroptosis may suppress the meiotic process during porcine oocyte maturation. We also found that after FAC treatment, the subsequent two-cell rate, four-cell rate and blastocyst formation rate were significantly decreased in porcine parthenogenetic activation (PA) embryos, indicating that iron overload-induced ferroptosis decreased porcine oocyte quality. Further analysis revealed that FAC treatment not only enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, decreased intracellular free thiol levels and induced mitochondrial dysfunction but also triggered autophagy in porcine oocytes. Taken together, these findings suggest that iron overload-induced ferroptosis impairs porcine oocyte meiosis and decreases porcine oocyte quality, possibly by increasing oxidative stress, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and triggering autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Hu
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiajia Qi
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Boxing Sun
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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47
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Mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction in Friedreich ataxia: update on pathophysiological relevance and clinical interventions. Neuronal Signal 2021; 5:NS20200093. [PMID: 34046211 PMCID: PMC8132591 DOI: 10.1042/ns20200093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a recessive disorder resulting from relative deficiency of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Frataxin functions in the process of iron–sulfur (Fe–S) cluster synthesis. In this review, we update some of the processes downstream of frataxin deficiency that may mediate the pathophysiology. Based on cellular models, in vivo models and observations of patients, ferroptosis may play a major role in the pathogenesis of FRDA along with depletion of antioxidant reserves and abnormalities of mitochondrial biogenesis. Ongoing clinical trials with ferroptosis inhibitors and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activators are now targeting each of the processes. In addition, better understanding of the mitochondrial events in FRDA may allow the development of improved imaging methodology for assessing the disorder. Though not technologically feasible at present, metabolic imaging approaches may provide a direct methodology to understand the mitochondrial changes occurring in FRDA and provide a methodology to monitor upcoming trials of frataxin restoration.
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48
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Terzi EM, Sviderskiy VO, Alvarez SW, Whiten GC, Possemato R. Iron-sulfur cluster deficiency can be sensed by IRP2 and regulates iron homeostasis and sensitivity to ferroptosis independent of IRP1 and FBXL5. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/22/eabg4302. [PMID: 34039609 PMCID: PMC8153722 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg4302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular iron levels are strictly regulated to support homeostasis and avoid iron-mediated ROS production. Loss of iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) synthesis can increase iron loading and promote cell death by ferroptosis. Iron-responsive element-binding proteins IRP1 and IRP2 posttranscriptionally regulate iron homeostasis. IRP1 binding to target mRNAs is competitively regulated by ISC occupancy. However, IRP2 is principally thought to be regulated at the protein level via E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXL5-mediated degradation. Here, we show that ISC synthesis suppression can activate IRP2 and promote ferroptosis sensitivity via a previously unidentified mechanism. At tissue-level O2 concentrations, ISC deficiency enhances IRP2 binding to target mRNAs independent of IRP1, FBXL5, and changes in IRP2 protein level. Deletion of both IRP1 and IRP2 abolishes the iron-starvation response, preventing its activation by ISC synthesis inhibition. These findings will inform strategies to manipulate ferroptosis sensitivity and help illuminate the mechanism underlying ISC biosynthesis disorders, such as Friedreich's ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem M Terzi
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Vladislav O Sviderskiy
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Samantha W Alvarez
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gabrielle C Whiten
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Richard Possemato
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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49
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Rossi M, Wainsztein N, Merello M. Cardiac Involvement in Movement Disorders. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2021; 8:651-668. [PMID: 34307738 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several conditions represented mainly by movement disorders are associated with cardiac disease, which can be overlooked in clinical practice in the context of a prominent primary neurological disorder. Objectives To review neurological conditions that combine movement disorders and primary cardiac involvement. Methods A comprehensive and structured literature search following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria was conducted to identify disorders combining movement disorders and cardiac disease. Results Some movement disorders are commonly or prominently associated with cardiac disease. Neurological and cardiac symptoms may share underlying physiopathological mechanisms in diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia and Wilson's disease, and in certain metabolic disorders, including Refsum disease, Gaucher disease, a congenital disorder of glycosylation, or cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. In certain conditions, such as Sydenham's chorea or dilated cardiomyopathy with ataxia syndrome (ATX-DNAJC19), heart involvement can present early in the course of disease, whereas in others such as Friedreich's ataxia or Refsum disease, cardiac symptoms tend to present in later stages. In another 68 acquired or inherited conditions, cardiac involvement or movement disorders are seldom reported. Conclusions As cardiac disease is part of the phenotypic spectrum of several movement disorders, heart involvement should be carefully investigated and increased awareness of this association encouraged as it may represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malco Rossi
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, Fleni Buenos Aires Argentina.,Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Nestor Wainsztein
- Departamento de Medicina Interna Unidad de Cuidados Críticos, Fleni Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, Fleni Buenos Aires Argentina.,Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council Buenos Aires Argentina.,Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Buenos Aires Argentina
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50
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Shi Z, Zhang L, Zheng J, Sun H, Shao C. Ferroptosis: Biochemistry and Biology in Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:579286. [PMID: 33868986 PMCID: PMC8047310 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.579286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge of eradicating cancer is that cancer cells possess diverse mechanisms to protect themselves from clinical strategies. Recently, ferroptosis has been shown to exhibit appreciable anti-tumor activity that could be harnessed for cancer therapy in the future. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death that is characterized by the oxidization of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and accumulation of lipid peroxides. Ferroptosis has been closely correlated with numerous biological processes, such as amino acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, iron metabolism, and lipid metabolism, as well as key regulators including GPX4, FSP1, NRF2, and p53. Although ferroptosis could be involved in killing various cancer cells, multiple aspects of this phenomenon remain unresolved. In this review, we summarize the biochemistry and biology of ferroptosis in diverse cancers and discuss the potential mechanisms of ferroptosis, which might pave the way for guiding cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Shi
- Department of Urology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen Univerisity, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianzhong Zheng
- Department of Urology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- Clinical Central Research Core, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Urology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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