1
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Marafini I, Monteleone I, Laudisi F, Monteleone G. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signalling in the Control of Gut Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4527. [PMID: 38674118 PMCID: PMC11050475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a transcription factor activated by many natural and synthetic ligands, represents an important mediator of the interplay between the environment and the host's immune responses. In a healthy gut, AHR activation promotes tolerogenic signals, which help maintain mucosal homeostasis. AHR expression is defective in the inflamed gut of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), where decreased AHR signaling is supposed to contribute to amplifying the gut tissue's destructive immune-inflammatory responses. We here review the evidence supporting the role of AHR in controlling the "physiological" intestinal inflammation and summarize the data about the therapeutic effects of AHR activators, both in preclinical mouse models of colitis and in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marafini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ivan Monteleone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Laudisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
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2
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Hou JJ, Ma AH, Qin YH. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in inflammatory bowel disease: insights from gut microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1279172. [PMID: 37942478 PMCID: PMC10628454 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1279172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease that affects more than 3.5 million people, with rising prevalence. It deeply affects patients' daily life, increasing the burden on patients, families, and society. Presently, the etiology of IBD remains incompletely clarified, while emerging evidence has demonstrated that altered gut microbiota and decreased aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activity are closely associated with IBD. Furthermore, microbial metabolites are capable of AHR activation as AHR ligands, while the AHR, in turn, affects the microbiota through various pathways. In light of the complex connection among gut microbiota, the AHR, and IBD, it is urgent to review the latest research progress in this field. In this review, we describe the role of gut microbiota and AHR activation in IBD and discussed the crosstalk between gut microbiota and the AHR in the context of IBD. Taken as a whole, we propose new therapeutic strategies targeting the AHR-microbiota axis for IBD, even for other related diseases caused by AHR-microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue-Hua Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China
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3
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Ranhotra HS. Discrete interplay of gut microbiota L-tryptophan metabolites in host biology and disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04867-0. [PMID: 37861881 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota and the host maintain a conjoint relationship and together achieve optimal physiology via a multitude of interactive signalling cues. Dietary-derived L-tryptophan (L-trp) is enzymatically metabolized by the resident symbiotic gut microbiota to indole and various indole derivatives. Indole and indole metabolites secreted by the gut bacteria act locally in the intestinal cells as well as distally and modulate tissue-specific functions which are beneficial to the host. Functions attributed to these microbial indole metabolites in the host include regulation of intestinal permeability, immunity and mucosal roles, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, dysregulation of gut microbiota L-trp metabolism compromises the optimal availability of indole and indole metabolites and can induce the onset of metabolic disorders, inflammation, liver steatosis, and decrease gut barrier integrity. Gut dysbiosis is regarded as one of the prime reasons for this deregulated microbial-derived indole metabolites. A number of indole metabolites from the gut bacteria have been identified recently displaying variable affinity towards xenobiotic nuclear receptors. Microbial metabolite mimicry concept can be used to design and develop novel indole-moiety-containing compounds with higher affinity towards the receptors and efficacy in preclinical studies. Such compounds may serve as therapeutic drugs in clinical trials in the future. In this article, I review L-trp metabolism in the host and gut microbiota and the various physiological functions, patho-physiologies associated with the microbial-released indole metabolites in the host, including the metabolite mimicry-based concept to develop tailored indole-containing novel experimental drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmit S Ranhotra
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Edmund's College, Shillong, 793 003, India.
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4
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Sládeková L, Zgarbová E, Vrzal R, Vanda D, Soural M, Jakubcová K, Vázquez-Gómez G, Vondráček J, Dvořák Z. Switching on/off aryl hydrocarbon receptor and pregnane X receptor activities by chemically modified tryptamines. Toxicol Lett 2023; 387:63-75. [PMID: 37778463 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Microbial indoles have been demonstrated as selective or dual agonists and ligands of the pregnane X receptor (PXR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). However, structural determinants of microbial indoles selectivity towards both receptors remain elusive. Here, we studied the effects of existing and newly synthesized derivatives of indole microbial metabolite tryptamine on the activity of AhR and PXR receptors. We show that the elongation of indolyl-3-alkaneamine chain, indole N-methylation and conversion of indolyl-3-alkaneamines to oleamides resulted in a major increase of PXR activity and in parallel loss of AhR activity. Using reporter gene assays, RT-PCR and TR-FRET techniques, we have characterized in detail the activation of PXR by novel indolyl-3-alkanyl-oleamides, 1-methyltryptamine and 1-methyltryptamine-acetamide. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated anti-inflammatory and epithelial barrier-protective activity of lead derivatives in intestinal Caco-2 cells, employing the measurement of expression of pro-inflammatory chemokines, tight junction genes, trans-epithelial electric resistance TEER, and dextran-FITC permeability assay. In conclusion, we show that a subtle chemical modifications of simple microbial indole metabolite tryptamine, leads to substantial changes in AhR and PXR agonist activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sládeková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Zgarbová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Vrzal
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Vanda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Soural
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Jakubcová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gerardo Vázquez-Gómez
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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5
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Fu C, Xiang ML, Chen S, Dong G, Liu Z, Chen CB, Liang J, Cao Y, Zhang M, Liu Q. Molecular Drug Simulation and Experimental Validation of the CD36 Receptor Competitively Binding to Long-Chain Fatty Acids by 7-Ketocholesteryl-9-carboxynonanoate. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28277-28289. [PMID: 37576668 PMCID: PMC10413453 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are one of the main energy-supplying substances in the body. LCFAs with different lengths and saturations may have contrasting biological effects that exacerbate or alleviate progress against a variety of systemic disorders of lipid metabolism in organisms. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by chronic inflammation and steatosis, mainly caused by the ectopic accumulation of lipids in the liver, especially LCFAs. CD36 is a scavenger receptor that recognizes and mediates the transmembrane absorption of LCFAs and is expressed in a variety of cells throughout the body. In previous studies, our group found that 7-ketocholesteryl-9-carboxynonanoate (oxLig-1) has the biological effect of targeting CD36 to inhibit oxidized low-density lipoprotein lipotoxicity-induced lipid metabolism disorder; it has an ω-carboxyl physiologically active center and is structurally similar to LCFAs. However, the biological mechanism of oxLig-1 binding to CD36 and competing for binding to different types of LCFAs is still not clear. In this study, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were utilized to simulate and analyze the binding activity between oxLig-1 and different types of LCFAs to CD36 and confirmed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) platform was applied to predict the drug-forming properties of oxLig-1, and HepG2 cells model of oleic acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model mice were validated to verify the biological protection of oxLig-1 on lipid lowering. The results showed that there was a co-binding site of LCFAs and oxLig-1 on CD36, and the binding driving forces were mainly hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The binding abilities of polyunsaturated LCFAs, oxLig-1, monounsaturated LCFAs, and saturated LCFAs to CD36 showed a decreasing trend in this order. There was a similar decreasing trend in the stability of the molecular dynamics simulation. ELISA results similarly confirmed that the binding activity of oxLig-1 to CD36 was significantly higher than that of typical monounsaturated and saturated LCFAs. ADMET prediction results indicated that oxLig-1 had a good drug-forming property. HepG2 cells model of oleic acid and NAFLD model mice study results demonstrated the favorable lipid-lowering biological effects of oxLig-1. Therefore, oxLig-1 may have a protective effect by targeting CD36 to inhibit the excessive influx and deposition of lipotoxicity monounsaturated LCFAs and saturated LCFAs in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhen Fu
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Meng-Lin Xiang
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
- Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515031, China
| | - Shaolang Chen
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Geng Dong
- Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515031, China
| | - Zibo Liu
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Chong-Bo Chen
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Jiajian Liang
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Yingjie Cao
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
- Key
Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Research of Liaoning
Province, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, China
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6
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Elson D, Nguyen BD, Bernales S, Chakravarty S, Jang HS, Korjeff NA, Zhang Y, Wilferd SF, Castro DJ, Plaisier CL, Finlay D, Oshima RG, Kolluri SK. Induction of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Cancer Cell-Selective Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by a High-Affinity Benzimidazoisoquinoline. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1028-1042. [PMID: 37470014 PMCID: PMC10353065 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a disease with a paucity of targeted treatment opportunities. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including the sensing of xenobiotics, immune function, development, and differentiation. Different small-molecule AhR ligands drive strikingly varied cellular and organismal responses. In certain cancers, AhR activation by select small molecules induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis via activation of tumor-suppressive transcriptional programs. AhR is expressed in triple-negative breast cancers, presenting a tractable therapeutic opportunity. Here, we identify a novel ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor that potently and selectively induces cell death in triple-negative breast cancer cells and TNBC stem cells via the AhR. Importantly, we found that this compound, Analog 523, exhibits minimal cytotoxicity against multiple normal human primary cells. Analog 523 represents a high-affinity AhR ligand with potential for future clinical translation as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
J. Elson
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United States
| | - Bach D. Nguyen
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United States
| | - Sebastian Bernales
- Praxis
Biotech, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States
- Centro Ciencia
& Vida, Avda. Del
Valle Norte 725, Santiago, 8580702, Chile
| | | | - Hyo Sang Jang
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Korjeff
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United States
| | - Sierra F. Wilferd
- School
of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - David J. Castro
- Sanford
Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, NCI Designated Cancer
Center, La Jolla, California, 92037, United States
- Oregon Health
& Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, United States
| | - Christopher L. Plaisier
- School
of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Darren Finlay
- Sanford
Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, NCI Designated Cancer
Center, La Jolla, California, 92037, United States
| | - Robert G. Oshima
- Sanford
Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, NCI Designated Cancer
Center, La Jolla, California, 92037, United States
| | - Siva K. Kolluri
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United States
- Linus
Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United
States
- The
Pacific Northwest Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, United States
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7
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Seo SK, Kwon B. Immune regulation through tryptophan metabolism. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01028-7. [PMID: 37394584 PMCID: PMC10394086 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are fundamental units of molecular components that are essential for sustaining life; however, their metabolism is closely interconnected to the control systems of cell function. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid catabolized by complex metabolic pathways. Several of the resulting Trp metabolites are bioactive and play central roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, various physiological functions of Trp metabolites are mutually regulated by the gut microbiota and intestine to coordinately maintain intestinal homeostasis and symbiosis under steady state conditions and during the immune response to pathogens and xenotoxins. Cancer and inflammatory diseases are associated with dysbiosis- and host-related aberrant Trp metabolism and inactivation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which is a receptor of several Trp metabolites. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms through which Trp metabolism converges to AHR activation for the modulation of immune function and restoration of tissue homeostasis and how these processes can be targeted using therapeutic approaches for cancer and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kil Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
- Parenchyma Biotech, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byungsuk Kwon
- Parenchyma Biotech, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Sládeková L, Mani S, Dvořák Z. Ligands and agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor AhR: Facts and myths. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115626. [PMID: 37247746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) belongs to the essential helix-loop-helix transcription factors family. This receptor has a central role in determining host physiology and a variety of pathophysiologies ranging from inflammation and metabolism to cancer. AhR is a ligand-driven receptor with intricate pharmacology of activation depending on the type and quantity of ligand present. Therefore, a better understanding of AhR ligands per se is critical to move the field forward. In this minireview, we clarify some facts and myths about AhR ligands and how further studies could shed light on the true nature of AhR activation by these ligands. The review covers select chemical classes and explores parameters that qualify them as true receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sládeková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Genetics and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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9
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Huang W, Rui K, Wang X, Peng N, Zhou W, Shi X, Lu L, Hu D, Tian J. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in immune regulation and autoimmune pathogenesis. J Autoimmun 2023; 138:103049. [PMID: 37229809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As a ligand-activated transcription factor, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is activated by structurally diverse ligands derived from the environment, diet, microorganisms, and metabolic activity. Recent studies have demonstrated that AhR plays a key role in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Moreover, AhR regulates innate immune and lymphoid cell differentiation and function, which is involved in autoimmune pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanism of activation of AhR and its mediated functional regulation in various innate immune and lymphoid cell populations, as well as the immune-regulatory effect of AhR in the development of autoimmune diseases. In addition, we highlight the identification of AhR agonists and antagonists that may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ke Rui
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Na Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, China
| | - Dajun Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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10
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Ondrová K, Zůvalová I, Vyhlídalová B, Krasulová K, Miková E, Vrzal R, Nádvorník P, Nepal B, Kortagere S, Kopečná M, Kopečný D, Šebela M, Rastinejad F, Pu H, Soural M, Rolfes KM, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Li H, Mani S, Dvořák Z. Monoterpenoid aryl hydrocarbon receptor allosteric antagonists protect against ultraviolet skin damage in female mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2728. [PMID: 37169746 PMCID: PMC10174618 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is a pivotal regulator of human physiology and pathophysiology. Allosteric inhibition of AhR was previously thought to be untenable. Here, we identify carvones as noncompetitive, insurmountable antagonists of AhR and characterize the structural and functional consequences of their binding. Carvones do not displace radiolabeled ligands from binding to AhR but instead bind allosterically within the bHLH/PAS-A region of AhR. Carvones do not influence the translocation of ligand-activated AhR into the nucleus but inhibit the heterodimerization of AhR with its canonical partner ARNT and subsequent binding of AhR to the promoter of CYP1A1. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate physiologically relevant Ahr-antagonism by carvones in vivo in female mice. These substances establish the molecular basis for selective targeting of AhR regardless of the type of ligand(s) present and provide opportunities for the treatment of disease processes modified by AhR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolína Ondrová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Zůvalová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Vyhlídalová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Krasulová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Miková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Vrzal
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nádvorník
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Binod Nepal
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sandhya Kortagere
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martina Kopečná
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Kopečný
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Šebela
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Fraydoon Rastinejad
- Target Discovery Institute Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building Brasenose College University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hua Pu
- Target Discovery Institute Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building Brasenose College University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Miroslav Soural
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Hao Li
- Department of Medicine, Oncology, Molecular Pharmacology, and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine, Oncology, Molecular Pharmacology, and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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11
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Deng F, Hu JJ, Lin ZB, Sun QS, Min Y, Zhao BC, Huang ZB, Zhang WJ, Huang WK, Liu WF, Li C, Liu KX. Gut microbe-derived milnacipran enhances tolerance to gut ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100979. [PMID: 36948152 PMCID: PMC10040455 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
There are significant differences in the susceptibility of populations to intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that mice exhibit significant differences in susceptibility to I/R-induced enterogenic sepsis. Notably, the milnacipran (MC) content in the enterogenic-sepsis-tolerant mice is significantly higher. We also reveal that the pre-operative fecal MC content in cardiopulmonary bypass patients, including those with intestinal I/R injury, is associated with susceptibility to post-operative gastrointestinal injury. We reveal that MC attenuates mouse I/R injury in wild-type mice but not in intestinal epithelial aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) gene conditional knockout mice (AHRflox/flox) or IL-22 gene deletion mice (IL-22-/-). Collectively, our results suggest that gut microbiota affects susceptibility to I/R-induced enterogenic sepsis and that gut microbiota-derived MC plays a pivotal role in tolerance to intestinal I/R in an AHR/ILC3/IL-22 signaling-dependent manner, revealing the pathological mechanism, potential prevention and treatment drugs, and treatment strategies for intestinal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jing-Juan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ze-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Qi-Shun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yue Min
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Bing-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wen-Kao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wei-Feng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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12
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Dvořák Z, Li H, Mani S. Microbial Metabolites as Ligands to Xenobiotic Receptors: Chemical Mimicry as Potential Drugs of the Future. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:219-227. [PMID: 36184080 PMCID: PMC9900867 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenobiotic receptors, such as the pregnane X receptor, regulate multiple host physiologic pathways including xenobiotic metabolism, certain aspects of cellular metabolism, and innate immunity. These ligand-dependent nuclear factors regulate gene expression via genomic recognition of specific promoters and transcriptional activation of the gene. Natural or endogenous ligands are not commonly associated with this class of receptors; however, since these receptors are expressed in a cell-type specific manner in the liver and intestines, there has been significant recent effort to characterize microbially derived metabolites as ligands for these receptors. In general, these metabolites are thought to be weak micromolar affinity ligands. This journal anniversary minireview focuses on recent efforts to derive potentially nontoxic microbial metabolite chemical mimics that could one day be developed as drugs combating xenobiotic receptor-modifying pathophysiology. The review will include our perspective on the field and recommend certain directions for future research. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Xenobiotic receptors (XRs) regulate host drug metabolism, cellular metabolism, and immunity. Their presence in host intestines allows them to function not only as xenosensors but also as a response to the complex metabolic environment present in the intestines. Specifically, this review focuses on describing microbial metabolite-XR interactions and the translation of these findings toward discovery of novel chemical mimics as potential drugs of the future for diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Departments of Medicine (H.L., S.M.), Molecular Pharmacology (S.M.), and Genetics (S.M.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Departments of Medicine (H.L., S.M.), Molecular Pharmacology (S.M.), and Genetics (S.M.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Departments of Medicine (H.L., S.M.), Molecular Pharmacology (S.M.), and Genetics (S.M.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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13
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Pham AT, Ghilardi AF, Sun L. Recent advances in the development of RIPK2 modulators for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1127722. [PMID: 36959850 PMCID: PMC10028200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1127722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 (RIPK2) is a vital immunomodulator that plays critical roles in nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), NOD2, and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling. Stimulated NOD1 and NOD2 interact with RIPK2 and lead to the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), followed by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12/23. Defects in NOD/RIPK2 signaling are associated with numerous inflammatory diseases, including asthma, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), multiple sclerosis, and Blau syndrome. As RIPK2 is a crucial element of innate immunity, small molecules regulating RIPK2 functions are attractive to establish novel immunotherapies. The increased interest in developing RIPK2 inhibitors has led to the clinical investigations of novel drug candidates. In this review, we attempt to summarize recent advances in the development of RIPK2 inhibitors and degraders.
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14
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Hawash MBF, El-Deeb MA, Gaber R, Morsy KS. The buried gems of disease tolerance in animals: Evolutionary and interspecies comparative approaches: Interspecies comparative approaches are valuable tools for exploring potential new mechanisms of disease tolerance in animals: Interspecies comparative approaches are valuable tools for exploring potential new mechanisms of disease tolerance in animals. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200080. [PMID: 36050881 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Host defense mechanisms are categorized into different strategies, namely, avoidance, resistance and tolerance. Resistance encompasses mechanisms that directly kill the pathogen while tolerance is mainly concerned with alleviating the harsh consequences of the infection regardless of the pathogen burden. Resistance is well-known strategy in immunology while tolerance is relatively new. Studies addressed tolerance mainly using mouse models revealing a wide range of interesting tolerance mechanisms. Herein, we aim to emphasize on the interspecies comparative approaches to explore potential new mechanisms of disease tolerance. We will discuss mechanisms of tolerance with focus on those that were revealed using comparative study designs of mammals followed by summarizing the reasons for adopting comparative approaches on disease tolerance studies. Disease tolerance is a relatively new concept in immunology, we believe combining comparative studies with model organism study designs will enhance our understanding to tolerance and unveil new mechanisms of tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed B F Hawash
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohamed A El-Deeb
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rahma Gaber
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kareem S Morsy
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Liu Y, Huang W, Ji S, Wang J, Luo J, Lu B. Sophora japonica flowers and their main phytochemical, rutin, regulate chemically induced murine colitis in association with targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway and gut microbiota. Food Chem 2022; 393:133395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Zhou J, Hou P, Yao Y, Yue J, Zhang Q, Yi L, Mi M. Dihydromyricetin Improves High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia through ILC3 Activation via a SIRT3-Dependent Mechanism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101093. [PMID: 35635431 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Previous studies indicate that dihydromyricetin (DHM) effectively improved glucose homeostasis and alleviated insulin resistance in population-intervened trials, yet the underlying mechanism remains obscure. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type male mice and recombinase activating gene 1(Rag1)-/- mice (lacking adaptive immunity lymphocytes) are fed with control, high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD+DHM diets for 8 weeks. DHM effectively protects HFD feeding mice against hyperglycemia by promoting group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) cells proliferation and interleukin 22 (IL-22) production. Furthermore, IL-22 secretion induced by DHM increases the expression levels of the tight junction (TJs) molecules to protect the intestinal barrier integrity, thereby decreasing the level of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), an endotoxin that is involved in the regulation of chronic tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. In addition, silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 3 (SIRT3) deficiency results in more serious obesity and intestinal barrier damage following HFD feeding and abolished DHM-mediated increase in IL-22 expression levels of ILC3 cells in SIRT3 knockout (SIRT3KO) mice. DHM reduces metabolic stress and enhances mitochondrial respiratory capacity to promote cell proliferation and IL-22 secretion by activating SIRT3 in ILC3 cells CONCLUSIONS: DHM improves IL-22 production of ILC3 cells and subsequently inhibits intestinal barrier dysfunction to alleviate hyperglycemia partially mediated by SIRT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Hou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Yu Yao
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yue
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Qianyong Zhang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Long Yi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
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17
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Current Therapeutic Landscape and Safety Roadmap for Targeting the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Indications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101708. [PMID: 35626744 PMCID: PMC9139855 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Target modulation of the AhR for inflammatory gastrointestinal (GI) conditions holds great promise but also the potential for safety liabilities both within and beyond the GI tract. The ubiquitous expression of the AhR across mammalian tissues coupled with its role in diverse signaling pathways makes development of a “clean” AhR therapeutically challenging. Ligand promiscuity and diversity in context-specific AhR activation further complicates targeting the AhR for drug development due to limitations surrounding clinical translatability. Despite these concerns, several approaches to target the AhR have been explored such as small molecules, microbials, PROTACs, and oligonucleotide-based approaches. These various chemical modalities are not without safety liabilities and require unique de-risking strategies to parse out toxicities. Collectively, these programs can benefit from in silico and in vitro methodologies that investigate specific AhR pathway activation and have the potential to implement thresholding parameters to categorize AhR ligands as “high” or “low” risk for sustained AhR activation. Exploration into transcriptomic signatures for AhR safety assessment, incorporation of physiologically-relevant in vitro model systems, and investigation into chronic activation of the AhR by structurally diverse ligands will help address gaps in our understanding regarding AhR-dependent toxicities. Here, we review the role of the AhR within the GI tract, novel therapeutic modality approaches to target the AhR, key AhR-dependent safety liabilities, and relevant strategies that can be implemented to address drug safety concerns. Together, this review discusses the emerging therapeutic landscape of modalities targeting the AhR for inflammatory GI indications and offers a safety roadmap for AhR drug development.
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18
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Grycová A, Joo H, Maier V, Illés P, Vyhlídalová B, Poulíková K, Sládeková L, Nádvorník P, Vrzal R, Zemánková L, Pečinková P, Poruba M, Zapletalová I, Večeřa R, Anzenbacher P, Ehrmann J, Ondra P, Jung JW, Mani S, Dvořák Z. Targeting the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor with Microbial Metabolite Mimics Alleviates Experimental Colitis in Mice. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6859-6868. [PMID: 35416668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an emerging therapeutic strategy for multiple diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease). Thermosporothrix hazakensis microbial metabolite 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE) is a putative AhR endogenous ligand. To improve the chemical stability, we synthesized a series of ITE chemical mimics. Using a series of in vitro assays, we identified 2-(1H-indole-3-carbonyl)-N-methyl thiazole-4-carboxamide (ITE-CONHCH3) as a highly potent (EC50 = 1.6 nM) AhR agonist with high affinity (Ki = 88 nM). ITE-CONHCH3 triggered AhR nuclear translocation and dimerization of AhR-ARNT, enhanced AhR binding in the CYP1A1 promoter, and induced AhR-regulated genes in an AhR-dependent manner. The metabolic stability of ITE-CONHCH3 in a cell culture was 10 times higher than that of ITE. Finally, we observed protective effects of ITE-CONHCH3 in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Overall, we demonstrate and validate a concept of microbial metabolite mimicry in the therapeutic targeting of AhR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Grycová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hansol Joo
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Vítězslav Maier
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law, University Hospital Olomouc, and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Illés
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Vyhlídalová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karolína Poulíková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Sládeková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nádvorník
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Vrzal
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Zemánková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pečinková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Poruba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Zapletalová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Večeřa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Ehrmann
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Ondra
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law, University Hospital Olomouc, and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jong-Wha Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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19
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Murphy JM, Ngai L, Mortha A, Crome SQ. Tissue-Dependent Adaptations and Functions of Innate Lymphoid Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:836999. [PMID: 35359972 PMCID: PMC8960279 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident immune cells reside in distinct niches across organs, where they contribute to tissue homeostasis and rapidly respond to perturbations in the local microenvironment. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of innate immune cells that regulate immune and tissue homeostasis. Across anatomical locations throughout the body, ILCs adopt tissue-specific fates, differing from circulating ILC populations. Adaptations of ILCs to microenvironmental changes have been documented in several inflammatory contexts, including obesity, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease. While our understanding of ILC functions within tissues have predominantly been based on mouse studies, development of advanced single cell platforms to study tissue-resident ILCs in humans and emerging patient-based data is providing new insights into this lymphocyte family. Within this review, we discuss current concepts of ILC fate and function, exploring tissue-specific functions of ILCs and their contribution to health and disease across organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Murphy
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Louis Ngai
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Q Crome
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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20
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Li X, Zhang B, Hu Y, Zhao Y. New Insights Into Gut-Bacteria-Derived Indole and Its Derivatives in Intestinal and Liver Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:769501. [PMID: 34966278 PMCID: PMC8710772 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.769501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between host and microorganism widely affects the immune and metabolic status. Indole and its derivatives are metabolites produced by the metabolism of tryptophan catalyzed by intestinal microorganisms. By activating nuclear receptors, regulating intestinal hormones, and affecting the biological effects of bacteria as signaling molecules, indole and its derivatives maintain intestinal homeostasis and impact liver metabolism and the immune response, which shows good therapeutic prospects. We reviewed recent studies on indole and its derivatives, including related metabolism, the influence of diets and intestinal commensal bacteria, and the targets and mechanisms in pathological conditions, especially progress in therapeutic strategies. New research insights into indoles will facilitate a better understanding of their druggability and application in intestinal and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Lim TX, Ahamed M, Reutens DC. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: A diagnostic and therapeutic target in glioma. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:422-435. [PMID: 34624509 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly disease; 5-year survival rates have shown little improvement over the past 30 years. In vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is an important method of identifying potential diagnostic and therapeutic molecular targets non-invasively. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that regulates multiple genes involved in immune response modulation and tumorigenesis. The AhR is an attractive potential drug target and studies have shown that its activation by small molecules can modulate innate and adaptive immunity beneficially and prevent AhR-mediated tumour promotion in several cancer types. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of the AhR in glioma tumorigenesis and highlight its potential as an emerging biomarker for glioma therapies targeting the tumour immune response and PET diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiang Lim
- ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Muneer Ahamed
- ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David C Reutens
- ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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22
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Tudela H, Claus SP, Saleh M. Next Generation Microbiome Research: Identification of Keystone Species in the Metabolic Regulation of Host-Gut Microbiota Interplay. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:719072. [PMID: 34540837 PMCID: PMC8440917 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.719072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The community of the diverse microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, known as the gut microbiota, is exceedingly being studied for its impact on health and disease. This community plays a major role in nutrient metabolism, maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier but also in local and systemic immunomodulation. A dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, characterized by an unbalanced microbial ecology, often leads to a loss of essential functions that may be associated with proinflammatory conditions. Specifically, some key microbes that are depleted in dysbiotic ecosystems, called keystone species, carry unique functions that are essential for the balance of the microbiota. In this review, we discuss current understanding of reported keystone species and their proposed functions in health. We also elaborate on current and future bioinformatics tools needed to identify missing functions in the gut carried by keystone species. We propose that the identification of such keystone species functions is a major step for the understanding of microbiome dynamics in disease and toward the development of microbiome-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Tudela
- YSOPIA Bioscience, Bordeaux, France
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Maya Saleh
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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23
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Stockinger B, Shah K, Wincent E. AHR in the intestinal microenvironment: safeguarding barrier function. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:559-570. [PMID: 33742166 PMCID: PMC7611426 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-PAS family of transcription factors, which are evolutionarily conserved environmental sensors. In the absence of ligands, AHR resides in the cytoplasm in a complex with molecular chaperones such as HSP90, XAP2 and p23. Upon ligand binding, AHR translocates into the nuclear compartment, where it dimerizes with its partner protein, AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT), an obligatory partner for the DNA-binding and functional activity. Historically, AHR had mostly been considered as a key intermediary for the detrimental effects of environmental pollutants on the body. However, following the discovery of AHR-mediated functions in various immune cells, as well as the emergence of non-toxic 'natural' AHR ligands, this view slowly began to change, and the study of AHR-deficient mice revealed a plethora of important beneficial functions linked to AHR activation. This Review focuses on regulation of the AHR pathway and the barrier-protective roles AHR has in haematopoietic, as well as non-haematopoietic, cells within the intestinal microenvironment. It covers the nature of AHR ligands and feedback regulation of the AHR pathway, outlining the currently known physiological functions in immune, epithelial, endothelial and neuronal cells of the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Wincent
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kumar P, Lee JH, Lee J. Diverse roles of microbial indole compounds in eukaryotic systems. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2522-2545. [PMID: 34137156 PMCID: PMC9290978 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Indole and its derivatives are widespread across different life forms, functioning as signalling molecules in prokaryotes and with more diverse roles in eukaryotes. A majority of indoles found in the environment are attributed to bacterial enzymes converting tryptophan into indole and its derivatives. The involvement of indoles among lower organisms as an interspecies and intraspecies signal is well known, with many reports showing that inter‐kingdom interactions involving microbial indole compounds are equally important as they influence defence systems and even the behaviour of higher organisms. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the functional properties of indole and indole derivatives in diverse eukaryotes. Furthermore, we discuss current perspectives on the role of microbial indoles in human diseases such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and cancers. Deciphering the function of indoles as biomarkers of metabolic state will facilitate the formulation of diet‐based treatments and open unique therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
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25
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Sun L. Recent advances in the development of AHR antagonists in immuno-oncology. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:902-914. [PMID: 34223158 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The arylhydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor that controls the expression of a number of immunosuppressive signaling molecules, including the immune checkpoint proteins PD-1/L1 and cytokine IL-10. AHR activation also stimulates the formation and recruitment of tolerogenic dendritic cells, tumor associated macrophages, and regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment, which restrains antitumoral immune response. Overexpression of AHR has been observed in a number of different types of cancer and suggested to contribute to immune dysfunction and cancer progression. One prominent endogenous ligand of AHR is the oncometabolite kynurenine, a product of tryptophan metabolism catalyzed by the dioxygenases IDO1 and TDO that are often aberrantly activated in cancer. AHR has gained significant interest as a drug target for the development of novel small molecule cancer immunotherapies, as evidenced by the advancement of two clinical candidates into phase 1 clinical trials in patients with advanced cancer. Discussed in this Review is a brief background of AHR in immuno-oncology and the recent progress in the discovery and development of AHR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Sun
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02215 USA
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26
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Dvořák Z, Poulíková K, Mani S. Indole scaffolds as a promising class of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 215:113231. [PMID: 33582577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), deemed initially as a xenobiotic sensor, plays multiple physiological roles and is involved in various pathophysiological processes and many diseases' etiology. Therefore, the therapeutic and chemopreventive targeting of AhR is a fundamental issue. To date, thousands of structurally diverse ligands of AhR have been identified. The bottleneck in targeting the AhR is that it is a Janus-faced player with beneficial vs. harmful effects in the ligand-specific context. A distinct structural class of the AhR ligands is those with indole-based scaffolds. The present review summarizes the knowledge on the existing indole-derived AhR ligands, comprising natural and dietary compounds, synthetic compounds including clinically used drugs, endogenous intermediary metabolites, and catabolites produced by human microbiota. The examples of novel, indole ring containing, rational design based AhR ligands are presented. The molecular, in vitro, and in vivo effects are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Karolína Poulíková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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27
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Song D, Lai L, Ran Z. Metabolic Regulation of Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Their Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:580467. [PMID: 33193381 PMCID: PMC7649203 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.580467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the intestine. IBD is associated with complex pathogenesis, and considerable data suggest that innate lymphoid cells contribute to the development and progression of the condition. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) not only play a protective role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and gut barrier function, but also a pathogenic role in intestinal inflammation. ILC3s can sense environmental and host-derived signals and combine these cues to modulate cell expansion, migration and function, and transmit information to the broader immune system. Herein, we review current knowledge of how ILC3s can be regulated by dietary nutrients, microbiota and their metabolites, as well as other metabolites. In addition, we describe the phenotypic and functional alterations of ILC3s in IBD and discuss the therapeutic potential of ILC3s in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhihua Ran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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28
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Dvořák Z, Sokol H, Mani S. Drug Mimicry: Promiscuous Receptors PXR and AhR, and Microbial Metabolite Interactions in the Intestine. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:900-908. [PMID: 33097284 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significant attrition limits drug discovery. The available chemical entities present with drug-like features contribute to this limitation. Using specific examples of promiscuous receptor-ligand interactions, a case is made for expanding the chemical space for drug-like molecules. These ligand-receptor interactions are poor candidates for the drug discovery process. However, provided herein are specific examples of ligand-receptor or transcription-factor interactions, namely, the pregnane X receptor (PXR) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and itsinteractions with microbial metabolites. Discrete examples of microbial metabolite mimicry are shown to yield more potent and non-toxic therapeutic leads for pathophysiological conditions regulated by PXR and AhR. These examples underscore the opinion that microbial metabolite mimicry of promiscuous ligand-receptor interactions is warranted, and will likely expand the existing chemical space of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Dvořák
- Departments of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic.
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Gastroenterologie, F-75012 Paris, France; INRA, UMR 1319 Micalis and AgroParisTech, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France; Paris Centre for Microbiome Medicine FHU, Paris, France
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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29
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Dvorak Z, Klapholz M, Burris TP, Willing BP, Gioiello A, Pellicciari R, Galli F, March J, O'Keefe SJ, Sartor RB, Kim CH, Levy M, Mani S. Weak Microbial Metabolites: a Treasure Trove for Using Biomimicry to Discover and Optimize Drugs. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 98:343-349. [PMID: 32764096 PMCID: PMC7485585 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, traditional drug discovery has used natural product and synthetic chemistry approaches to generate libraries of compounds, with some ending as promising drug candidates. A complementary approach has been to adopt the concept of biomimicry of natural products and metabolites so as to improve multiple drug-like features of the parent molecule. In this effort, promiscuous and weak interactions between ligands and receptors are often ignored in a drug discovery process. In this Emerging Concepts article, we highlight microbial metabolite mimicry, whereby parent metabolites have weak interactions with their receptors that then have led to discrete examples of more potent and effective drug-like molecules. We show specific examples of parent-metabolite mimics with potent effects in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we show examples of emerging microbial ligand-receptor interactions and provide a context in which these ligands could be improved as potential drugs. A balanced conceptual advance is provided in which we also acknowledge potential pitfalls-hyperstimulation of finely balanced receptor-ligand interactions could also be detrimental. However, with balance, we provide examples of where this emerging concept needs to be tested. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Microbial metabolite mimicry is a novel way to expand on the chemical repertoire of future drugs. The emerging concept is now explained using specific examples of the discovery of therapeutic leads from microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Dvorak
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Max Klapholz
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Thomas P Burris
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Benjamin P Willing
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Antimo Gioiello
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Roberto Pellicciari
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - John March
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Stephen J O'Keefe
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Chang H Kim
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Maayan Levy
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (Z.D.); Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (M.K., M.L.); The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri (T.P.B.); Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (B.P.W.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy (A.G., F.G.); TES Pharma, Corso Vannucci, Perugia, Italy (R.P.); The Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (J.M.); Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.J.O.); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (R.B.S.); Department of Pathology, Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.); and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (S.M.)
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30
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Li H, Ranhotra HS, Mani S, Dvořák Z, Sokol H, Müller R. Human microbial metabolite mimicry as a strategy to expand the chemical space of potential drugs. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1575-1579. [PMID: 32562605 PMCID: PMC7572573 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The concept of small-molecule mimicry even of weak microbial metabolites present in rodents and humans, as a means to expand drug repertoires, is new. Hitherto, there are few proof-of-concept papers demonstrating utility of this concept. More recently, papers demonstrating mimicry of intestinal microbial metabolites could expand the drug repertoire for diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We opine that, as more functional metabolite-receptor pairings are discovered, small-molecule metabolite mimicry could be a significant effort in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Harmit S Ranhotra
- St Edmund's College, Shillong, Old Jowai Road, Shillong, Meghalaya 793003, India
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic.
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Gastroenterologie, F-75012 Paris, France; INRA, UMR1319 Micalis & AgroParisTech, Jouy en Josas, 78352, France; Paris Centre for Microbiome Medicine FHU, Paris, France.
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, GmbH Inhoffenstrasse, 738124 Braunschweig, Germany; Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)University campus E8, 166123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany.
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31
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Yang Q, Wang Y, Jia A, Wang Y, Bi Y, Liu G. The crosstalk between gut bacteria and host immunity in intestinal inflammation. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2239-2254. [PMID: 32853458 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The gut of mammals is considered as a harmonious ecosystem mediated by intestinal microbiota and the host. Both bacteria and mammalian immune cells show region-related distribution characteristics, and the interaction between the two could be demonstrated by synergetic roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and dysregulation in intestinal inflammation. The harmonious interplay between bacteria and host requires fine-tuned regulations by environmental and genetic factors. Thus, the disturbed immune response to microbial components or metabolites and dysbiosis related to immunodeficiency are absolute risk factors to intestinal inflammation and cancer. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between bacteria and host immunity in the gut and highlight the critical roles of bidirectional regulation between bacteria and the mammalian immune system involved in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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