1
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Yang H, Xie Y, Li S, Bao C, Wang J, Li C, Nie J, Quan Y. Immunogenicity of intranasal vaccine based on SARS-CoV-2 spike protein during primary and booster immunizations in mice. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2364519. [PMID: 38880868 PMCID: PMC11181929 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2364519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal immunity plays a crucial role in combating and controlling the spread of highly mutated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recombinant subunit vaccines have shown safety and efficacy in clinical trials, but further investigation is necessary to evaluate their feasibility as mucosal vaccines. This study developed a SARS-CoV-2 mucosal vaccine using spike (S) proteins from a prototype strain and the omicron variant, along with a cationic chitosan adjuvant, and systematically evaluated its immunogenicity after both primary and booster immunization in mice. Primary immunization through intraperitoneal and intranasal administration of the S protein elicited cross-reactive antibodies against prototype strains, as well as delta and omicron variants, with particularly strong effects observed after mucosal vaccination. In the context of booster immunization following primary immunization with inactivated vaccines, the omicron-based S protein mucosal vaccine resulted in a broader and more robust neutralizing antibody response in both serum and respiratory mucosa compared to the prototype vaccine, enhancing protection against different variants. These findings indicate that mucosal vaccination with the S protein has the potential to trigger a broader and stronger antibody response during primary and booster immunization, making it a promising strategy against respiratory pathogens.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Administration, Intranasal
- Mice
- Immunization, Secondary/methods
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/immunology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Female
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Cross Reactions/immunology
- Chitosan/immunology
- Chitosan/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Vaccine/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology
- Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Yang
- Division of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Xie
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Li
- Division of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunting Bao
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Changgui Li
- Division of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Nie
- Department of R&D, Beijing Yunling Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Quan
- Division of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Borrajo ML, Lou G, Anthiya S, Lapuhs P, Álvarez DM, Tobío A, Loza MI, Vidal A, Alonso MJ. Nanoemulsions and nanocapsules as carriers for the development of intranasal mRNA vaccines. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:2046-2061. [PMID: 38811465 PMCID: PMC11208213 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The global emergency of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spurred extensive worldwide efforts to develop vaccines for protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our contribution to this global endeavor involved the development of a diverse library of nanocarriers, as alternatives to lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), including nanoemulsions (NEs) and nanocapsules (NCs), with the aim of protecting and delivering messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for nasal vaccination purposes. A wide range of prototypes underwent rigorous screening through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, encompassing assessments of cellular transfection, cytotoxicity, and intramuscular administration of a model mRNA for protein translation. As a result, two promising candidates were identified for nasal administration. One of them was a NE incorporating a combination of an ionizable lipid (C12-200) and cationic lipid (DOTAP), both intended to condense mRNA, along with DOPE, which is known to facilitate endosomal escape. This NE exhibited a size of 120 nm and a highly positive surface charge (+ 50 mV). Another candidate was an NC formulation comprising the same components and endowed with a dextran sulfate shell. This formulation showed a size of 130 nm and a moderate negative surface charge (-16 mV). Upon intranasal administration of mRNA encoding for ovalbumin (mOVA) associated with optimized versions of the said NE and NCs, a robust antigen-specific CD8 + T cell response was observed. These findings underscore the potential of NEs and polymeric NCs in advancing mRNA vaccine development for combating infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya L Borrajo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Gustavo Lou
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Shubaash Anthiya
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Philipp Lapuhs
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - David Moreira Álvarez
- Biofarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Araceli Tobío
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - María Isabel Loza
- Biofarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Anxo Vidal
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
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3
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Hu Y, Cui Y, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Ma X, Qiao Z, Zheng F, Feng F, Liu W, Han L. A Dual-Recognition Fluorescence Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Specific Detection of Intact Lipid Nanoparticles via a Localized Scaffolding Autocatalytic DNA Circuit Amplifier. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38967035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are emerging as one of the most promising drug delivery systems. The long-circulating effect of intact LNPs (i-LNPs) is the key to efficacy and toxicity in vivo. However, the significant challenge is specific and sensitive detection of i-LNPs. Herein, a dual-recognition fluorescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DR-FELISA) was developed to directly isolate and detect i-LNPs by combining dual-recognition separation with a one-step signal amplification strategy. The microplates captured and enriched i-LNPs through antibody-antigen reaction. Dual-chol probes were spontaneously introduced into the lipid bilayer of captured i-LNPs, converting the detection of i-LNPs into the detection of double-cholesterol probes. Finally, the end of the dual-chol probes initiated the localized scaffolding autocatalytic DNA circuits (SADC) system for further signal amplification. The SADC system provides a sensitive and efficient amplifier through localized network structures and self-assembled triggers. Simultaneous recognition of i-LNPs surface PEG-lipid and lipid bilayer structures significantly eliminates interference from biological samples. i-LNPs were detected with high selectivity, ranging from 0.2 to 1.25 mg/mL with a limit of detection of 0.1 mg/mL. Moreover, this method allows the isolation and quantitative analysis of different formulations of i-LNPs in serum samples with a satisfactory recovery rate ranging from 94.8 to 116.3%. Thus, the DR-FELISA method provides an advanced platform for the exclusive and sensitive detection of i-LNPs, providing new insights for the study of the quality and intracorporal process of complex formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexin Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yuqing Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhemeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhou Qiao
- China Pharmaceutical University Center for Analysis and Testing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Zhejiang Center for Safety Study of Drug Substances (Industrial Technology Innovation Platform), Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lingfei Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Zhejiang Center for Safety Study of Drug Substances (Industrial Technology Innovation Platform), Hangzhou 310018, China
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4
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Xu L, Ren W, Wang Q, Li J. Advances in Nucleic Acid Universal Influenza Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:664. [PMID: 38932393 PMCID: PMC11209422 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, vaccination with influenza vaccines is still an effective strategy to prevent infection by seasonal influenza virus in spite of some drawbacks with them. However, due to the rapid evolution of influenza viruses, including seasonal influenza viruses and emerging zoonotic influenza viruses, there is an urgent need to develop broad-spectrum influenza vaccines to cope with the evolution of influenza viruses. Nucleic acid vaccines might meet the requirements well. Nucleic acid vaccines are classified into DNA vaccines and RNA vaccines. Both types induced potent cellular and humoral immune responses, showing great promise for the development of universal influenza vaccines. In this review, the current status of an influenza universal nucleic acid vaccine was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China; (L.X.); (W.R.); (Q.W.)
| | - Weigang Ren
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China; (L.X.); (W.R.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China; (L.X.); (W.R.); (Q.W.)
| | - Junwei Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China; (L.X.); (W.R.); (Q.W.)
- Medical Innovation Center for Infectious Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210003, China
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5
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Guan X, Verma AK, Wang G, Roy A, Perlman S, Du L. A Unique mRNA Vaccine Elicits Protective Efficacy against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant and SARS-CoV. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:605. [PMID: 38932334 PMCID: PMC11209356 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The highly pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV have led to the COVID-19 pandemic and SARS outbreak, respectively. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the Omicron variant, has frequent mutations, resulting in the reduced efficiency of current COVID-19 vaccines against new variants. Here, we designed two lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA vaccines by deleting the mutant RBD of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (SARS2-S (RBD-del)) or by replacing this mutant RBD with the conserved and potent RBD of SARS-CoV (SARS2-S (SARS-RBD)). Both mRNA vaccines were stable at various temperatures for different time periods. Unlike SARS2-S (RBD-del) mRNA, SARS2-S (SARS-RBD) mRNA elicited effective T-cell responses and potent antibodies specific to both SARS-CoV-2 S and SARS-CoV RBD proteins. It induced strong neutralizing antibodies against pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections and protected immunized mice from the challenge of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and SARS-CoV by significantly reducing the viral titers in the lungs after Omicron challenge and by completely preventing SARS-CoV-induced weight loss and death. SARS2-S (SARS-RBD)-immunized serum antibodies protected naïve mice from the SARS-CoV challenge, with its protective efficacy positively correlating with the neutralizing antibody titers. These findings indicate that this mRNA vaccine has the potential for development as an effective vaccine against current and future SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-CoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Guan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Abhishek K. Verma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Gang Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Abhijeet Roy
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Stanley Perlman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Lanying Du
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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6
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Zhang D, Zhao H, Li P, Wu X, Liang Y. Research Progress on Liposome Pulmonary Delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Nucleic Acid Vaccine and Its Mechanism of Action. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2024. [PMID: 38669118 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2023.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional vaccines have played an important role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, but they still have problems such as low immunogenicity, poor stability, and difficulty in inducing lasting immune responses. In recent years, the nucleic acid vaccine has emerged as a relatively cheap and safe new vaccine. Compared with traditional vaccines, nucleic acid vaccine has some unique advantages, such as easy production and storage, scalability, and consistency between batches. However, the direct administration of naked nucleic acid vaccine is not ideal, and safer and more effective vaccine delivery systems are needed. With the rapid development of nanocarrier technology, the combination of gene therapy and nanodelivery systems has broadened the therapeutic application of molecular biology and the medical application of biological nanomaterials. Nanoparticles can be used as potential drug-delivery vehicles for the treatment of hereditary and infectious diseases. In addition, due to the advantages of lung immunity, such as rapid onset of action, good efficacy, and reduced adverse reactions, pulmonary delivery of nucleic acid vaccine has become a hot spot in the field of research. In recent years, lipid nanocarriers have become safe, efficient, and ideal materials for vaccine delivery due to their unique physical and chemical properties, which can effectively reduce the toxic side effects of drugs and achieve the effect of slow release and controlled release, and there have been a large number of studies using lipid nanocarriers to efficiently deliver target components into the body. Based on the delivery of tuberculosis (TB) nucleic acid vaccine by lipid carrier, this article systematically reviews the advantages and mechanism of liposomes as a nucleic acid vaccine delivery carrier, so as to lay a solid foundation for the faster and more effective development of new anti-TB vaccine delivery systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Postgraduate Department of Heibei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Haimei Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Postgraduate Department of Heibei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Postgraduate Department of Heibei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Xueqiong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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Agbayani G, Akache B, Renner TM, Tran A, Stuible M, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Duque D, Bavananthasivam J, Deschatelets L, Hemraz UD, Régnier S, Durocher Y, McCluskie MJ. Intranasal administration of unadjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen boosts antigen-specific immune responses induced by parenteral protein subunit vaccine prime in mice and hamsters. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350620. [PMID: 38561974 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
With the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across widely vaccinated populations, it remains important to develop new vaccines and vaccination strategies capable of providing protective immunity and limiting the spread of disease. Heterologous prime-boost vaccination based on the selection of different vaccine formulations and administration routes for priming and booster doses presents a promising strategy for inducing broader immune responses in key systemic and respiratory mucosal compartments. Intranasal vaccination can induce mucosal immune responses at the site of SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, the lack of clinically approved mucosal adjuvants makes it difficult to induce robust immune responses with protein subunit vaccines. Herein, we evaluated the immunogenicity of heterologous prime-boost regimens in mice and hamsters based on a parenteral vaccination of the antigen in combination with sulfated lactosylarchaeol (SLA) archaeosomes, a liposome adjuvant comprised of a single semisynthetic archaeal lipid, followed by an intranasally administered unadjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. Intranasal administration of unadjuvanted spike to mice and hamsters increased serum spike-specific IgG titers and spike-neutralizing activity compared with nonboosted animals. Spike-specific IgA responses were also detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the lungs of mice that received an intranasal boost. In hamsters, the intranasal boost showed high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection by protecting from body weight loss and reducing viral titers in the lungs and nasal turbinate. Overall, our heterologous intramuscular prime-intranasal boost with SLA-adjuvanted and unadjuvanted spike, respectively, demonstrated the potential of protein subunit formulations to promote antigen-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler M Renner
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anh Tran
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana Duque
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jegarubee Bavananthasivam
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Usha D Hemraz
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Halfmann PJ, Loeffler K, Duffy A, Kuroda M, Yang JE, Wright ER, Kawaoka Y, Kane RS. Broad protection against clade 1 sarbecoviruses after a single immunization with cocktail spike-protein-nanoparticle vaccine. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1284. [PMID: 38346966 PMCID: PMC10861510 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2002 SARS outbreak, the 2019 emergence of COVID-19, and the continuing evolution of immune-evading SARS-CoV-2 variants together highlight the need for a broadly protective vaccine against ACE2-utilizing sarbecoviruses. While updated variant-matched formulations are a step in the right direction, protection needs to extend beyond SARS-CoV-2 and its variants to include SARS-like viruses. Here, we introduce bivalent and trivalent vaccine formulations using our spike protein nanoparticle platform that completely protect female hamsters against BA.5 and XBB.1 challenges with no detectable virus in the lungs. The trivalent cocktails elicit highly neutralizing responses against all tested Omicron variants and the bat sarbecoviruses SHC014 and WIV1. Finally, our 614D/SHC014/XBB trivalent spike formulation completely protects human ACE2-transgenic female hamsters against challenges with WIV1 and SHC014 with no detectable virus in the lungs. Collectively, these results illustrate that our trivalent protein-nanoparticle cocktail can provide broad protection against SARS-CoV-2-like and SARS-CoV-1-like sarbecoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Halfmann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Influenza Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Kathryn Loeffler
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Augustine Duffy
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Influenza Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Jie E Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cryo-EM Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Midwest Center for Cryo-Electron Tomography, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Wright
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cryo-EM Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Midwest Center for Cryo-Electron Tomography, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Influenza Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
- Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Ravi S Kane
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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9
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Adler JM, Martin Vidal R, Langner C, Vladimirova D, Abdelgawad A, Kunecova D, Lin X, Nouailles G, Voss A, Kunder S, Gruber AD, Wu H, Osterrieder N, Kunec D, Trimpert J. An intranasal live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine limits virus transmission. Nat Commun 2024; 15:995. [PMID: 38307868 PMCID: PMC10837132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has been essential to control COVID-19, but significant challenges remain. One problem is intramuscular administration, which does not induce robust mucosal immune responses in the upper airways-the primary site of infection and virus shedding. Here we compare the efficacy of a mucosal, replication-competent yet fully attenuated virus vaccine, sCPD9-ΔFCS, and the monovalent mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in preventing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1 and Omicron BA.5 in two scenarios. Firstly, we assessed the protective efficacy of the vaccines by exposing vaccinated male Syrian hamsters to infected counterparts. Secondly, we evaluated transmission of the challenge virus from vaccinated and subsequently challenged male hamsters to naïve contacts. Our findings demonstrate that the live-attenuated vaccine (LAV) sCPD9-ΔFCS significantly outperformed the mRNA vaccine in preventing virus transmission in both scenarios. Our results provide evidence for the advantages of locally administered LAVs over intramuscularly administered mRNA vaccines in preventing infection and reducing virus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Adler
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Azza Abdelgawad
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Kunecova
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaoyuan Lin
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Geraldine Nouailles
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Voss
- Institut für Tierpathologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Kunder
- Institut für Tierpathologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Achim D Gruber
- Institut für Tierpathologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Haibo Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Dusan Kunec
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Trimpert
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Mahony TJ, Briody TE, Ommeh SC. Can the Revolution in mRNA-Based Vaccine Technologies Solve the Intractable Health Issues of Current Ruminant Production Systems? Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:152. [PMID: 38400135 PMCID: PMC10893269 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To achieve the World Health Organization's global Sustainable Development Goals, increased production of high-quality protein for human consumption is required while minimizing, ideally reducing, environmental impacts. One way to achieve these goals is to address losses within current livestock production systems. Infectious diseases are key limiters of edible protein production, affecting both quantity and quality. In addition, some of these diseases are zoonotic threats and potential contributors to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Vaccination has proven to be highly successful in controlling and even eliminating several livestock diseases of economic importance. However, many livestock diseases, both existing and emerging, have proven to be recalcitrant targets for conventional vaccination technologies. The threat posed by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented global investment in vaccine technologies to accelerate the development of safe and efficacious vaccines. While several vaccination platforms emerged as front runners to meet this challenge, the clear winner is mRNA-based vaccination. The challenge now is for livestock industries and relevant stakeholders to harness these rapid advances in vaccination to address key diseases affecting livestock production. This review examines the key features of mRNA vaccines, as this technology has the potential to control infectious diseases of importance to livestock production that have proven otherwise difficult to control using conventional approaches. This review focuses on the challenging diseases of ruminants due to their importance in global protein production. Overall, the current literature suggests that, while mRNA vaccines have the potential to address challenges in veterinary medicine, further developments are likely to be required for this promise to be realized for ruminant and other livestock species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Mahony
- Centre for Animal Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (T.E.B.); (S.C.O.)
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Gagne M, Flynn BJ, Andrew SF, Flebbe DR, Mychalowych A, Lamb E, Davis-Gardner ME, Burnett MR, Serebryannyy LA, Lin BC, Pessaint L, Todd JPM, Ziff ZE, Maule E, Carroll R, Naisan M, Jethmalani Y, Case JB, Dmitriev IP, Kashentseva EA, Ying B, Dodson A, Kouneski K, Doria-Rose NA, O'Dell S, Godbole S, Laboune F, Henry AR, Marquez J, Teng IT, Wang L, Zhou Q, Wali B, Ellis M, Zouantchangadou S, Ry AV, Lewis MG, Andersen H, Kwong PD, Curiel DT, Foulds KE, Nason MC, Suthar MS, Roederer M, Diamond MS, Douek DC, Seder RA. Mucosal Adenoviral-vectored Vaccine Boosting Durably Prevents XBB.1.16 Infection in Nonhuman Primates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.06.565765. [PMID: 37986823 PMCID: PMC10659340 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.06.565765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Waning immunity and continued virus evolution have limited the durability of protection from symptomatic infection mediated by intramuscularly (IM)-delivered mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 although protection from severe disease remains high. Mucosal vaccination has been proposed as a strategy to increase protection at the site of SARS-CoV-2 infection by enhancing airway immunity, potentially reducing rates of infection and transmission. Here, we compared protection against XBB.1.16 virus challenge 5 months following IM or mucosal boosting in non-human primates (NHP) that had previously received a two-dose mRNA-1273 primary vaccine regimen. The mucosal boost was composed of a bivalent chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored vaccine encoding for both SARS-CoV-2 WA1 and BA.5 spike proteins (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S) and delivered either by an intranasal mist or an inhaled aerosol. An additional group of animals was boosted by the IM route with bivalent WA1/BA.5 spike-matched mRNA (mRNA-1273.222) as a benchmark control. NHP were challenged in the upper and lower airways 18 weeks after boosting with XBB.1.16, a heterologous Omicron lineage strain. Cohorts boosted with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S by an aerosolized or intranasal route had low to undetectable virus replication as assessed by levels of subgenomic SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the lungs and nose, respectively. In contrast, animals that received the mRNA-1273.222 boost by the IM route showed minimal protection against virus replication in the upper airway but substantial reduction of virus RNA levels in the lower airway. Immune analysis showed that the mucosal vaccines elicited more durable antibody and T cell responses than the IM vaccine. Protection elicited by the aerosolized vaccine was associated with mucosal IgG and IgA responses, whereas protection elicited by intranasal delivery was mediated primarily by mucosal IgA. Thus, durable immunity and effective protection against a highly transmissible heterologous variant in both the upper and lower airways can be achieved by mucosal delivery of a virus-vectored vaccine. Our study provides a template for the development of mucosal vaccines that limit infection and transmission against respiratory pathogens. Graphical abstract
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