1
|
Ding X, Cui X, Tseng LT, Wang Y, Qu J, Yue Z, Sang L, Lee WT, Guan X, Bao N, Sathish CI, Yu X, Xi S, Breese MBH, Zheng R, Wang X, Wang L, Wu T, Ding J, Vinu A, Ringer SP, Yi J. Realization of High Magnetization in Artificially Designed Ni/NiO Layers through Exchange Coupling. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304369. [PMID: 37715070 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
High-magnetization materials play crucial roles in various applications. However, the past few decades have witnessed a stagnation in the discovery of new materials with high magnetization. In this work, Ni/NiO nanocomposites are fabricated by depositing Ni and NiO thin layers alternately, followed by annealing at specific temperatures. Both the as-deposited samples and those annealed at 373 K exhibit low magnetization. However, the samples annealed at 473 K exhibit a significantly enhanced saturation magnetization exceeding 607 emu cm-3 at room temperature, surpassing that of pure Ni (480 emu cm-3). Material characterizations indicate that the composite comprises NiO nanoclusters of size 1-2 nm embedded in the Ni matrix. This nanoclustered NiO is primarily responsible for the high magnetization, as confirmed by density functional theory calculations. The calculations also indicate that the NiO clusters are ferromagnetically coupled with Ni, resulting in enhanced magnetization. This work demonstrates a new route toward developing artificial high-magnetization materials using the high magnetic moments of nanoclustered antiferromagnetic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ding
- School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430063, China
| | - Xiangyuan Cui
- School of Aerospace Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Li-Ting Tseng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Yiren Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jiangtao Qu
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Zengji Yue
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
| | - Lina Sang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China
| | - Wai Tung Lee
- Science Directorate, European Spallation Source Partikelgatan 2, Lund, 224 84, Sweden
| | - Xinwei Guan
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Nina Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 1192690
| | - C I Sathish
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Science, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833
| | - Mark B H Breese
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 1192690
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Simon P Ringer
- School of Aerospace Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen RD, Mo JJ, Mao F. Study of the magnetism of C-doped MgO based on first-principles calculations and the Ising model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11078-11083. [PMID: 38529830 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05383k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The electronic and magnetic properties of d0 dilute magnetic semiconductors formed by rock-salt structured magnesium oxide (MgO) doped with C are systematically studied based on first-principles calculations and the Ising model. It is shown that the electronic holes of p states are generated due to the impurity carbon replacing oxygen in MgO, and the magnetic moment of 2μB is introduced by each C impurity. The polarization energy and formation energy of C-doped MgO are calculated, and the magnetization energy of C-doped MgO is also calculated which is used to obtain the exchange constant between C impurities. By means of the Ising model, we simulated the magnetization and the susceptibility of the doped system with increasing temperature and obtained the Curie temperature of C-doped MgO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Da Chen
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Jia-Jun Mo
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fei Mao
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Z, Wang C, Xue J, Chen J, Mao L, Liu H, Lu H. Observation of Ferromagnetism in Dilute Magnetic Halide Perovskite Semiconductors. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3125-3132. [PMID: 38421805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) have attracted much attention because of their potential use in spintronic devices. Here, we demonstrate the observation of robust ferromagnetism in a solution-processable halide perovskite semiconductor with dilute magnetic ions. By codoping of magnetic (Fe2+) and aliovalent (Bi3+) metal ions into CH3NH3PbCl3 (MAPbCl3) perovskite, ferromagnetism with well-saturated magnetic hysteresis loops and a maximum coercivity field of 1280 Oe was observed below 12 K. The ferromagnetic resonance measurements revealed that the incorporation of aliovalent ions modulates the carrier concentration and plays an essential role in realizing the ferromagnetism in dilute magnetic halide perovskites. Magnetic ions are proposed to interact through itinerant charge carriers to achieve ferromagnetic coupling. Our work provides a new avenue for the development of solution-processable magnetic semiconductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong (SAR) 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor, Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong (SAR) 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoliang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor, Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong (SAR) 999077, People's Republic of China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong (SAR) 999077, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu H, Yang L, Zhang G, Jin W, Xiao B, Zhang W, Chang H. Robust Magnetic Proximity Induced Anomalous Hall Effect in a Room Temperature van der Waals Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Based 2D Heterostructure. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301524. [PMID: 38295050 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Developing novel high-temperature van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductor materials and investigating their interface coupling effects with 2D topological semimetals are pivotal for advancing next-generation spintronic and quantum devices. However, most van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors exhibit ferromagnetism only at low temperatures, limiting the proximity research on their interfaces with topological semimetals. Here, an intrinsic, van der Waals layered room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductor crystal, FeCr0.5 Ga1.5 Se4 (FCGS), is reported with a Curie temperature (TC ) as high as 370 K, setting a new record for van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors. The saturation magnetization at low temperature (2 K) and room temperature (300 K) reaches 8.2 and 2.7 emu g-1 , respectively. Furthermore, FCGS possesses a bandgap of ≈1.2 eV, which is comparable to the widely used commercial silicon. The FCGS/graphene 2D heterostructure exhibits an impeccably smooth and gapless interface, thereby inducing a robust van der Waals magnetic proximity coupling effect between FCGS and graphene. After the proximity coupling, graphene undergoes a charge carrier transition from electrons to holes, accompanied by a transition from non-magnetic to ferromagnetic transport behavior with robust anomalous Hall effect (AHE). Notably, the van der Waals magnetic proximity-induced AHE remains robust even up to 400 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Li Yang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Gaojie Zhang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bichen Xiao
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Haixin Chang
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Long CL, Zhang X, Lockard JV. Pushing the heterometal doping limit while preserving long-lived charge separation in a Ti-based MOF photocatalyst. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:194704. [PMID: 37971032 DOI: 10.1063/5.0174664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the nature, dynamics, and reactivity of the photo-induced charge separated excited state in a Fe3+-doped titanium-based metal organic framework (MOF), xFeMIL125-NH2, as a function of iron concentration. The MOF is synthesized with doping levels x = 0.5, 1 and 2 Fe node sites per octameric Ti-oxo cluster and characterized by powder x-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, atomic absorption, and steady state Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. For each doping level, time-resolved X-ray transient absorption spectroscopy studies confirm the electron trap site role of the Fe sites in the excited state. Time scan data reveal multiexponential decay kinetics for the charge recombination processes which extend into the microsecond range for all three concentrations. A series of dye photodegradation studies, based on the oxidative decomposition of Rhodamine B, demonstrates the reactivity of the charge separated excited state and the photocatalytic capacity of these MOF materials compared to traditional heterometal-doped semiconductor photocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conor L Long
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Jenny V Lockard
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li L, Zhou J, Wang X, Gracia J, Valvidares M, Ke J, Fang M, Shen C, Chen JM, Chang YC, Pao CW, Hsu SY, Lee JF, Ruotolo A, Chin Y, Hu Z, Huang X, Shao Q. Spin-Polarization Strategy for Enhanced Acidic Oxygen Evolution Activity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302966. [PMID: 37436805 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin-polarization is known as a promising way to promote the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), since the intermediates and products endow spin-dependent behaviors, yet it is rarely reported for ferromagnetic catalysts toward acidic OER practically used in industry. Herein, the first spin-polarization-mediated strategy is reported to create a net ferromagnetic moment in antiferromagnetic RuO2 via dilute manganese (Mn2+ ) (S = 5/2) doping for enhancing OER activity in acidic electrolyte. Element-selective X-ray magnetic circular dichroism reveals the ferromagnetic coupling between Mn and Ru ions, fulfilling the Goodenough-Kanamori rule. The ferromagnetism behavior at room temperature can be well interpreted by first principles calculations as the interaction between the Mn2+ impurity and Ru ions. Indeed, Mn-RuO2 nanoflakes exhibit a strongly magnetic field enhanced OER activity, with the lowest overpotential of 143 mV at 10 mA cmgeo -2 and negligible activity decay in 480 h stability (vs 200 mV/195 h without magnetic field) as known for magnetic effects in the literature. The intrinsic turnover frequency is also improved to reach 5.5 s-1 at 1.45 VRHE . This work highlights an important avenue of spin-engineering strategy for designing efficient acidic oxygen evolution catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nothnitzer Strasse 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Valvidares
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, E-08290 Cerdanyola del Vall`es, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Jia Ke
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Miaomiao Fang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Chenqi Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jin-Ming Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Pao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yang Hsu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Antonio Ruotolo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, 29407, USA
| | - Yiying Chin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102, Taiwan
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nothnitzer Strasse 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qi Shao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Atta A, Alotiby MF, Al-Harbi N, El-Aassar MR, Uosif MAM, Rabia M. Fabrication, Structural Properties, and Electrical Characterization of Polymer Nanocomposite Materials for Dielectric Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3067. [PMID: 37514455 PMCID: PMC10386517 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This research paper aims to fabricate flexible PVA/Cs/TiO2 nanocomposite films consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan (Cs), and titanium oxide (TiO2) for application in energy storage devices. The samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The impact of TiO2 on the electrical impedance, conductivity, permittivity, and energy efficiency of the PVA/Cs was determined in a frequency range of 100 Hz to 5 GHz. The XRD, FTIR, and EDX results showed the successful fabrications of the PVA/Cs/TiO2. The SEM and AFM images illustrated that the TiO2 was loaded and distributed homogenously in PVA/Cs chains. In addition, the electrical conductivity was enhanced from 0.04 × 10-7 S.cm-1 of PVA/Cs to 0.25 × 10-7 S.cm-1 and 5.75 × 10-7 S.cm-1, respectively, for the composite PVA/Cs/0.01TiO2 and PVA/Cs/0.1TiO2, and the dielectric constant grew from 2.46 for PVA/Cs to 7.38 and 11.93, respectively. These results revealed that modifications were made to the produced films, paving the way for using the composite PVA/Cs/TiO2 films in different energy applications, such as electronic circuits and supercapacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Atta
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F Alotiby
- Nuclear Technologies Institute (NTI), King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuha Al-Harbi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed R El-Aassar
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A M Uosif
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Rabia
- Nanomaterials Science Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Nanophotonics and Applications Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
K K S, George A, Kumar YR, K K T, Mandal G, Chanda A, Vasundhara M. Structural, optical and magnetic properties of pure and 3d metal dopant-incorporated SnO 2 nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26712-26726. [PMID: 36275157 PMCID: PMC9487887 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03691f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilute magnetic oxide semiconductors doped with transition metals have attracted significant attention both theoretically and experimentally due to their interesting and debatable magnetic behavior. In this work, we investigated the influence of Fe, Co and Ni doping on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of SnO2 nanoparticles, which were produced via a simple sol-gel technique. Raman spectroscopy, XRD, XPS, TEM, FT-IR characterizations were performed to study the crystal structure and morphology of the pure and doped nanoparticles, which confirmed the tetragonal rutile structure of the SnO2 nanoparticles. The XPS analysis revealed the incorporation of divalent dopant ions in the host matrix. The Raman plots indicated the generation of the cassiterite crystal structure, structural disorder and oxygen vacancies in the pure and doped SnO2 nanoparticles. The UV-visible plots indicated a decrease in the bandgap for the doped SnO2 nanoparticles because doping introduced defect levels in the band gap. The photoluminescence study showed the creation of oxygen vacancies due to the doping of different charge states of dopants. The magnetic study based on varying the temperature and field of magnetization revealed the diamagnetic nature of SnO2 at 300 K and 5 K respectively, and the concurrence of ferromagnetic (FM) and paramagnetic (PM) nature in doped SnO2 nanoparticles. The bound polaron model was used to explain the co-existence of FM and PM behavior in all the doped SnO2 nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supin K K
- Polymers and Functional Materials Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
| | - Anson George
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Trivandrum 695 019 Kerala India
| | - Y Ranjith Kumar
- Polymers and Functional Materials Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Thejas K K
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Trivandrum 695 019 Kerala India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Guruprasad Mandal
- Centre for Rural and Cryogenic Technologies, Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Anupama Chanda
- Department of Physics, Dr Hari Singh Gour Central University Sagar 470003 India
| | - M Vasundhara
- Polymers and Functional Materials Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Trivandrum 695 019 Kerala India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Singh A, Price CC, Shenoy VB. Magnetic Order, Electrical Doping, and Charge-State Coupling at Amphoteric Defect Sites in Mn-Doped 2D Semiconductors. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9452-9460. [PMID: 35617052 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) are attractive material platforms for applications in multifunctional nanospintronics due to the prospect of embedding controllable magnetic order within nanoscale semiconductors. Identifying candidate host material and dopant systems requires consideration of doping formation energies, magnetic ordering, and the tendency for dopants to form clustered domains. In this work, we consider the defect thermodynamics and the dilute magnetic properties across charge states of 2D-MoS2 and 2D-WS2 with Mn magnetic dopants as candidate systems for 2D-DMSs. Using hybrid density functional calculations, we study the magnetic and electronic properties of these systems across configurations with thermodynamically favorable defects: 2D-MoS2 doped with Mn atoms at sulfur site (MnS), at two Mo sites (2MnMo), on top of a Mo atom (Mn-top), and at a Mo site (MnMo). While the majority of the Mn-defect complexes provide trap states, MnMo and MnW are amphoteric, although previously predicted to be donor defects. The impact of cluster formation of these amphoteric defects on magnetic ordering is also considered; both MnMo-MnMo (2Mn2Mo) and MnW-MnW (2Mn2W) clusters are found to be stable in ferromagnetic (FM) ordering. Interestingly, we observed the defect charge state dependent magnetic behavior of 2Mn2Mo and 2Mn2W clusters in 2D-TMDs. We investigate that the FM coupling of 2Mn2Mo and 2Mn2W clusters is stable in only a neutral charge state; however, the antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling is stable in the +1 charge state. 2Mn2Mo clusters provide shallow donor levels in AFM coupling and deep donor levels in FM coupling. 2Mn2W clusters lead to trap states in the FM and AFM coupling. We demonstrate the AFM to FM phase transition at a critical electron density nce = 3.5 × 1013 cm-2 in 2D-MoS2 and 2D-WS2. At a 1.85% concentration of Mn, we calculate the Curie temperature of 580 K in the mean-field approximation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akash Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher C Price
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Vivek B Shenoy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A 2D material-based transparent hydrogel with engineerable interference colours. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1212. [PMID: 35260559 PMCID: PMC8904793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transparent hydrogels are key materials for many applications, such as contact lens, imperceptible soft robotics and invisible wearable devices. Introducing large and engineerable optical anisotropy offers great prospect for endowing them with extra birefringence-based functions and exploiting their applications in see-through flexible polarization optics. However, existing transparent hydrogels suffer from limitation of low and/or non-fine engineerable birefringence. Here, we invent a transparent magneto-birefringence hydrogel with large and finely engineerable optical anisotropy. The large optical anisotropy factor of the embedded magnetic two-dimensional material gives rise to the large magneto-birefringence of the hydrogel in the transparent condition of ultra-low concentration, which is several orders of magnitude larger than usual transparent magnetic hydrogels. High transparency, large and tunable optical anisotropy cooperatively permit the magnetic patterning of interference colours in the hydrogel. The hydrogel also shows mechanochromic and thermochromic property. Our finding provides an entry point for applying hydrogel in optical anisotropy and colour centred fields, with several proof-of-concept applications been demonstrated. Though transparent hydrogels with tunable optical anisotropy are attractive for soft robotics, wearable devices and optical applications, achieving large birefringence has been a challenge. Here, the authors report a transparent hydrogel with large, uniform and magnetically tunable birefringence.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gupta A, Silotia H, Kumari A, Dumen M, Goyal S, Tomar R, Wadehra N, Ayyub P, Chakraverty S. KTaO 3 -The New Kid on the Spintronics Block. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106481. [PMID: 34961972 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long after the heady days of high-temperature superconductivity, the oxides came back into the limelight in 2004 with the discovery of the 2D electron gas (2DEG) in SrTiO3 (STO) and several heterostructures based on it. Not only do these materials exhibit interesting physics, but they have also opened up new vistas in oxide electronics and spintronics. However, much of the attention has recently shifted to KTaO3 (KTO), a material with all the "good" properties of STO (simple cubic structure, high mobility, etc.) but with the additional advantage of a much larger spin-orbit coupling. In this state-of-the-art review of the fascinating world of KTO, it is attempted to cover the remarkable progress made, particularly in the last five years. Certain unsolved issues are also indicated, while suggesting future research directions as well as potential applications. The range of physical phenomena associated with the 2DEG trapped at the interfaces of KTO-based heterostructures include spin polarization, superconductivity, quantum oscillations in the magnetoresistance, spin-polarized electron transport, persistent photocurrent, Rashba effect, topological Hall effect, and inverse Edelstein Effect. It is aimed to discuss, on a single platform, the various fabrication techniques, the exciting physical properties and future application possibilities of this family of materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Gupta
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Harsha Silotia
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Anamika Kumari
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Manish Dumen
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Saveena Goyal
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Ruchi Tomar
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Neha Wadehra
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Pushan Ayyub
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Suvankar Chakraverty
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Synthesis of lanthanide-doped titanium-oxo clusters for efficient photocurrent responses. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
13
|
Fang WH, Müller R, Jethwa RB, Riesgo-González V, Li N, Pike SD, Bond AD, Luo HK, Zhang C, Wright DS. Titanium compounds containing naturally occurring dye molecules. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17202-17207. [PMID: 34783818 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A range of titanium compounds containing the naturally occurring dyes quinizarin (QH2) and alizarin (AH2) was synthesized and structurally characterized in the solid state. Among these is the first examples of a discrete metallocyclic arrangement formed exclusively using quinizarin ligands and the first examples of lanthanide containing titanium compounds of the alizarin family of ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Rosa Müller
- Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Rajesh B Jethwa
- Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | | | - Ning Li
- Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK. .,Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #07-01, Singapore 138669
| | - Sebastian D Pike
- Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - He-Kuan Luo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ren H, Xiang G. Morphology-Dependent Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism in Undoped ZnO Nanostructures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3199. [PMID: 34947546 PMCID: PMC8708357 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Since Dietl et al. predicted that Co-doped ZnO may show room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) in 2000, researchers have focused on the investigation of ferromagnetic ZnO doped with various transition metals. However, after decades of exploration, it has been found that undoped ZnO nanostructures can also show RTFM, which in general is dependent on ZnO morphologies. Here, we will give an overall review on undoped ZnO nanomaterials with RTFM. The advanced strategies to achieve multidimensional (quasi-0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D) ferromagnetic ZnO nanostructures and the mechanisms behind RTFM are systematically presented. We have successfully prepared ferromagnetic nanostructures, including thin films, horizontal arrays and vertical arrays. The existing challenges, including open questions about quantum-bound ZnO nanostructures, are then discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Hunan Road No. 1, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Wangjiang Road No. 29, Chengdu 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Zhou Y, He Q, Zhou F, Liao X, Liu Y, Lai Z, Liao M, Han T, Huang Y, Zhu J. Increased room temperature ferromagnetism in Co-doped tetrahedral perovskite niobates. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210121. [PMID: 34754491 PMCID: PMC8493198 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs), such as (In, Mn)As and (Ga, Mn)As prototypes, are limited to III-V semiconductors with Curie temperatures (T c) far from room temperature, thereby hindering their wide application. Here, one kind of DMS based on perovskite niobates is reported. BaM x Nb(1-x)O3-δ (M = Fe, Co) powders are prepared by the composite-hydroxide-mediated method. The addition of M elements endows BaM x Nb(1-x)O3-δ with local ferromagnetism. The tetragonal BaCo x Nb(1-x)O3-δ nanocrystals can be obtained by Co doping, which shows strong saturation magnetization (M sat) of 2.22 emu g-1, a remnant magnetization (M r) of 0.084 emu g-1 and a small coercive field (H c) of 167.02 Oe at room temperature. The ab initio calculations indicate that Co doping could lead to a 64% local spin polarization at the Fermi level (E F) with net spin DOS of 0.89 electrons eV-1, this result shows the possibility of maintaining strong ferromagnetism at room temperature. In addition, the trade-off effect between the defect band absorption and ferromagnetic properties of BaM x Nb(1-x)O3-δ is verified experimentally and theoretically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqi Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghong Lai
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqing Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchuan Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bessergenev VG, Mariano JF, Mateus MC, Lourenço JP, Ahmed A, Hantusch M, Burkel E, Botelho do Rego AM. Dielectric Properties and Spectral Characteristics of Photocatalytic Constant of TiO 2 Nanoparticles Doped with Cobalt. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102519. [PMID: 34684959 PMCID: PMC8537461 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric properties and spectral dependence of the photocatalytic constant of Co doped P25 Degussa powder were studied. Doping of TiO2 matrix with cobalt was achieved by precipitation method using of Tris(diethylditiocarbamate)Co(III) precursor (CoDtc–Co[(C2H5)2NCS2]3). Five different Co contents with nominal Co/Ti atomic ratios of 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.10 were chosen. Along with TiO2:Co samples, a few samples of nanopowders prepared by Sol-Gel method were also studied. As it follows from XPS and NMR studies, there is a concentration limit (TiO2:0.1Co) where cobalt atoms can be uniformly distributed across the TiO2 matrix before metallic clusters start to form. It was also shown that CoTiO3 phases are formed during annealing at high temperatures. From the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant it can be concluded that the relaxation processes still take place even at temperatures below 400 °C and that oxygen defect Ti–O octahedron reorientation take place at higher temperatures. The spectral dependency of the photocatalytic constant reveals the presence of some electronic states inside the energy gap of TiO2 for all nanopowdered samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin G. Bessergenev
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, FCT, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - José F. Mariano
- CeFEMA, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, FCT, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Maria Conceição Mateus
- Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve (CIQA), Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, FCT, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.C.M.); (J.P.L.)
| | - João P. Lourenço
- Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve (CIQA), Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, FCT, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.C.M.); (J.P.L.)
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1096-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adwaa Ahmed
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18055 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (E.B.)
| | | | - Eberhard Burkel
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18055 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (E.B.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Torres AE, Rodríguez-Pineda J, Zanella R. Relevance of Dispersion and the Electronic Spin in the DFT + U Approach for the Description of Pristine and Defective TiO 2 Anatase. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:23170-23180. [PMID: 34549118 PMCID: PMC8444202 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A density functional theory + U systematic theoretical study was performed on the geometry, electronic structure, and energies of properties relevant for the chemical reactivity of TiO2 anatase. The effects of D3(BJ) dispersion correction and the Hubbard U value over the energies corresponding to the TiO2/Ti2O3 reduction reaction, the oxygen vacancy formation, and transition-metal doping were analyzed to attain an accurate and well-balanced description of these properties. It is suggested to fit the Hubbard correction for the metal dopant atom by taking as reference the observed low spin-high spin (HS) energy difference for the metal atom. PBEsol-D3 calculations revealed a distinct electronic ground state for the yttrium-doped TiO2 anatase surface depending upon the type of doping and interstitial or substitutional defects. Based on the calculations, it was found that a HS state explains the observed ferromagnetism in cobalt-substituted TiO2 anatase. The results presented herein might be relevant for further catalytic studies on TiO2 anatase using a large surface model that would be worthwhile for heterogeneous catalysis simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana E. Torres
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - Janatan Rodríguez-Pineda
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Zanella
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang L, Wu H, Zhang L, Zhang G, Li H, Jin W, Zhang W, Chang H. Tunable and Robust Near-Room-Temperature Intrinsic Ferromagnetism of a van der Waals Layered Cr-Doped 2H-MoTe 2 Semiconductor with an Out-of-Plane Anisotropy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31880-31890. [PMID: 34182752 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsically nonmagnetic feature of van der Waals (vdW) layered transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) semiconductors limits the spintronic applications of these semiconductors. In this paper, we demonstrate a facile Te flux strategy to induce intrinsic ferromagnetism in the vdW layered 2H-MoTe2 semiconductor by magnetic chromium (Cr) doping. The Curie temperature (Tc) and saturation magnetization (Ms) can be well tuned by adjusting the Cr doping concentration. A notable Tc up to 275 K can be achieved for the vdW layered Cr-doped 2H-MoTe2 bulk crystals, which is much higher than that of recently reported van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors (Tc is mostly less than 70 K), in contrast to the diamagnetic feature of the pristine MoTe2. Meanwhile, the highest Ms of the vdW layered Cr-doped 2H-MoTe2 bulk crystals can reach 4.78 emu g-1, which is stronger than most values reported for magnetic-element-doped van der Waals materials. In addition, all of the as-grown semiconducting Cr-doped 2H-MoTe2 (Cr-2H-MoTe2) single crystals display a large magnetic anisotropy with an out-of-plane easy axis of magnetization. The observed ferromagnetism in the Cr-2H-MoTe2 has intrinsic characteristics, which can be mainly attributed to the spin polarization caused by Cr doping as confirmed by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our approach offers an avenue to tune the ferromagnetism in the vdW layered semiconductor and explore its diverse spintronic and magnetoelectric applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Science and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545026, China
| | - Gaojie Zhang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongda Li
- School of Science and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545026, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haixin Chang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Imran M, Saeed Z, Pervaiz M, Mehmood K, Ejaz R, Younas U, Nadeem HA, Hussain S. Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 co-doped with Fe, Co, and S for degradation of Cango red. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 255:119644. [PMID: 33812235 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was enhanced under visible light when it was co-doped with Fe, Co, and S through the sol-gel method. The resultant nano photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, EDX coupled with SEM, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and UV-DRS. The concentration ratio of precursor salts of Fe and S was kept at 1% each and of Co varied between 0.5% -1.5%. The photodegradation of Congo red was carried out and various factors like the concentration of catalyst, initial concentration of dye, pH, and irradiation time were also investigated to optimize the degradation process. Under optimized degradation conditions, 99.3% of Congo red (30 ppm) was degraded at slightly acidic pH, with 0.14 g of photocatalyst within 70 min of irradiation time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Pervaiz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry - The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Mehmood
- Department of Materials Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Ejaz
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umer Younas
- Department of Chemistry - The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Amir Nadeem
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shah Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Iordanidou K, Persson C. Stoner Ferromagnetism in Hole-Doped CuM IIIAO 2 with M IIIA = Al, Ga, and In. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:29770-29779. [PMID: 34152119 PMCID: PMC8289245 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using density functional theory calculations, we examine the effect of hole doping on the magnetic and electronic properties of CuMIIIAO2, with MIIIA = Al, Ga, and In. CuMIIIAO2 nonmagnetic semiconductors switch to ferromagnetic half-metals upon hole doping. For CuAlO2, the nonmagnetic-to-ferromagnetic transition occurs for hole densities of ∼7 × 1019/cm3. Ferromagnetism arises from an exchange splitting of the electronic states at the valence band edge, and it can be attributed to the high-lying Cu-d states. Hole doping induced by cation vacancies and substitutional divalent dopants is also investigated. Interestingly, both vacancies and nonmagnetic divalent dopants result in the emergence of ferromagnetism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Iordanidou
- Centre for Materials Science
and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Clas Persson
- Centre for Materials Science
and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shao C, Lin L, Duan L, Jiang Y, Shao Q, Cao H. Nickel-enhanced electrochemical activities of shape-tailored TiO2{001} nanocrystals for water treatment: A combined experimental and DFT studies. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
23
|
Gubin SP, Koksharov YA, Ioni YV. Magnetism of Nanosized “Nonmagnetic” Materials; the Role of Defects (Review). RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023621010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
Ahmed S, Carl Cui XY, Ding X, Murmu PP, Bao N, Geng X, Xi S, Liu R, Kennedy J, Wu T, Wang L, Suzuki K, Ding J, Chu X, Clastinrusselraj Indirathankam SR, Peng M, Vinu A, Ringer SP, Yi J. Colossal Magnetization and Giant Coercivity in Ion-Implanted (Nb and Co) MoS 2 Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:58140-58148. [PMID: 33375795 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colossal saturation magnetization and giant coercivity are realized in MoS2 single crystals doped with Nb and/or Co using an ion implantation method. Magnetic measurements have demonstrated that codoping with 2 at % Nb and 4 at % Co invoked a "giant" coercivity, as high as 9 kOe at 100 K. Doping solely with 5 at % Nb induces a "colossal" magnetization of 1800 emu/cm3 at 5 K, which is higher than that of metallic Co. The high magnetization is due to the formation of Nb-rich defect complexes, as confirmed by first-principles calculations. It is proposed that the high coercivity is due to the combined effects of strong directional exchange coupling induced by the Nb and Co doping and pinning effects from defects within the layered structure. This high magnetization mechanism is also applicable to 2D materials with bilayers or few layers of thickness, as indicated by first-principles calculations. Hence, this work opens a potential pathway for the development of 2D high-performance magnetic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Ahmed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Xiang-Yuan Carl Cui
- Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, and School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xiang Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430063, China
| | - Peter Paul Murmu
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P.O. Box 31312, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Nina Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Xun Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833, Singapore
| | - Rong Liu
- SIMS Facility, Office of the Deputy-Vice Chancellor (Research and Development), Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - John Kennedy
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P.O. Box 31312, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Kiyonori Suzuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Xueze Chu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | | | - Mingli Peng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Simon Peter Ringer
- Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, and School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tuning the Magnetism in Boron-Doped Strontium Titanate. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13245686. [PMID: 33322841 PMCID: PMC7763848 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic and electronic properties of boron-doped SrTiO3 have been studied by first-principles calculations. We found that the magnetic ground states of B-doped SrTiO3 strongly depended on the dopant-dopant separation distance. As the dopant–dopant distance varied, the magnetic ground states of B-doped SrTiO3 can have nonmagnetic, ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic alignment. The structure with the smallest dopant-dopant separation exhibited the lowest total energy among all configurations considered and was characterized by dimer pairs due to strong attraction. Ferromagnetic coupling was observed to be stronger when the two adjacent B atoms aligned linearly along the B-Ti-B axis, which could be associated with their local bonding structures. Therefore, the symmetry of the local structure made an important contribution to the generation of a magnetic moment. Our study also demonstrated that the O-Ti-O unit was easier than the Ti-B-Ti unit to deform. The electronic properties of boron-doped SrTiO3 tended to show semiconducting or insulating features when the dopant–dopant distance was less than 5 Å, which changed to metallic properties when the dopant–dopant distance was beyond 5 Å. Our calculated results indicated that it is possible to manipulate the magnetism and band gap via different dopant–dopant separations.
Collapse
|
26
|
Dai H, Li X, Cai X, Wei R. The magnetism of titanium-defected undoped rutile TiO 2: first-principles calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:25930-25935. [PMID: 33164002 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04282j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of TiO2 are largely dependent on the defects. Here, using first-principles calculations, we report a systematic investigation of the magnetic properties of Ti-defected rutile TiO2 systems. The results of our calculations show that the VTi concentration can significantly affect the size of the magnetism, and that the magnetism weakens with decreasing VTi concentration. Studies of phonon dispersion curves show that systems with lower VTi concentrations of 8.33% and 6.25% are kinetically stable. Further detailed calculations on the Ti11O24 system indicate that the magnetism mainly originates from four of the six nearest-neighbor O atoms to the Ti vacancy, but much less from the other two. The magnetic ground states are discussed, and the results show that for the Ti11O24 system, the ferromagnetic (FM) state of the four nearest-neighbor O atoms to the Ti vacancy is the magnetic ground state, and for the Ti22O48 system, the FM state of the two vacancies is the magnetic ground state. In addition, our calculations also indicate that the magnetic properties of Ti-defected TiO2 can be tuned via strain engineering. In general, this metal-defected TiO2 represents a novel kind of semiconductor. Research into the magnetic properties reported in this paper can enrich theoretical knowledge in this area and provide more potential candidates for TiO2-based materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houmei Dai
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li Q, Qiao R, Mehta A, Lü W, Zhou T, Arenholz E, Wang C, Chen Y, Li L, Tian Y, Bai L, Hussain Z, Zheng R, Yang W, Yan S. Amorphous nonstoichiometric oxides with tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism and electrical transport. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:1718-1725. [PMID: 36659244 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Material functionalities strongly depend on the stoichiometry, crystal structure, and homogeneity. Here we demonstrate an approach of amorphous nonstoichiometric inhomogeneous oxides to realize tunable ferromagnetism and electrical transport at room temperature. In order to verify the origin of the ferromagnetism, we employed a series of structural, chemical, and electronic state characterizations. Combined with electron microscopy and transport measurements, synchrotron-based grazing incident wide angle X-ray scattering, soft X-ray absorption and circular dichroism clearly reveal that the room-temperature ferromagnetism originates from the In0.23Co0.77O1-v amorphous phase with a large tunable range of oxygen vacancies. The room-temperature ferromagnetism is tunable from a high saturation magnetization of 500 emu cm-3 to below 25 emu cm-3, with the evolving electrical resistivity from 5 × 103 μΩ cm to above 2.5 × 105 μΩ cm. Inhomogeneous nano-crystallization emerges with decreasing oxygen vacancies, driving the system towards non-ferromagnetism and insulating regime. Our work unfolds the novel functionalities of amorphous nonstoichiometric inhomogeneous oxides, which opens up new opportunities for developing spintronic materials with superior magnetic and transport properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Li
- Spintronics Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ruimin Qiao
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Apurva Mehta
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Weiming Lü
- Spintronics Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Tie Zhou
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Elke Arenholz
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yanxue Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Yufeng Tian
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lihui Bai
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Shishen Yan
- Spintronics Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pervez S, Hossain F, Nahid MAI. Annealing effect on the structural and optical properties of Co/TiO 2 multilayer thin films prepared by e-beam evaporation. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1835964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Pervez
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Faruk Hossain
- Department of Physics, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M. A. I. Nahid
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Marć M, Najder-Kozdrowska L, Guskos N, Żołnierkiewicz G, Montero AM, Dudek MR. The Use of Ultra-Small Fe 3O 4 Magnetic Nanoparticles for Hydrothermal Synthesis of Fe 3+-Doped Titanate Nanotubes. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204612. [PMID: 33081202 PMCID: PMC7602792 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A method of the hydrothermal synthesis of Fe3+-doped titanate nanotubes (TNT) is reported in which the ultra-small Fe3O4 nanoparticles are used as the sources of Fe3+ ions. The magnetic nanoparticles with a diameter of about 2 nm are added during the washing stage of the hydrothermal procedure. During washing, they gradually degrade and at the same time, the titanate product is transformed into nanotubes. The obtained nanotubes were characterized by structural and magnetic measurements. It was found that, depending on the value of the external magnetic field, they may show the property of room temperature ferromagnetism, paramagnetism or they may be diamagnetic. It was also shown that the modified TNTs have greater photocatalytic activity compared to unmodified TNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Marć
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Góra, ul. Szafrana 4a, 65-069 Zielona Góra, Poland; (L.N.-K.); (M.R.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lidia Najder-Kozdrowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Góra, ul. Szafrana 4a, 65-069 Zielona Góra, Poland; (L.N.-K.); (M.R.D.)
| | - Nikos Guskos
- Institute of Physics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland; (N.G.); (G.Ż.)
| | - Grzegorz Żołnierkiewicz
- Institute of Physics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland; (N.G.); (G.Ż.)
| | - Ana Maria Montero
- Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science, RWTH, 52062 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Mirosław Roman Dudek
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Góra, ul. Szafrana 4a, 65-069 Zielona Góra, Poland; (L.N.-K.); (M.R.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mia S, Varapragasam SJP, Baride A, Balasanthiran C, Balasubramanian B, Rioux RM, Hoefelmeyer JD. Diffusion doping of cobalt in rod-shape anatase TiO 2 nanocrystals leads to antiferromagnetism. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4853-4862. [PMID: 36132911 PMCID: PMC9417846 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00640h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt(ii) ions were adsorbed to the surface of rod-shape anatase TiO2 nanocrystals and subsequently heated to promote ion diffusion into the nanocrystal. After removal of any remaining surface bound cobalt, a sample consisting of strictly cobalt-doped TiO2 was obtained and characterized with powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry, and inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The nanocrystal morphology was unchanged in the process and no new crystal phases were detected. The concentration of cobalt in the doped samples linearly correlates with the initial loading of cobalt(ii) ions on the nanocrystal surface. Thin films of the cobalt doped TiO2 nanocrystals were prepared on indium-tin oxide coated glass substrate, and the electrical conductivity increased with the concentration of doped cobalt. Magnetic measurements of the cobalt-doped TiO2 nanocrystals reveal paramagnetic behavior at room temperature, and antiferromagnetic interactions between Co ions at low temperatures. Antiferromagnetism is atypical for cobalt-doped TiO2 nanocrystals, and is proposed to arise from interstitial doping that may be favored by the diffusional doping mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzahan Mia
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota 414 E. Clark St. Vermillion SD 57069 USA
| | | | - Aravind Baride
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota 414 E. Clark St. Vermillion SD 57069 USA
| | - Choumini Balasanthiran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University 22 Chemical Biomedical Engineering Building University Park Pennsylvania 16802-4400 USA
| | - Balamurugan Balasubramanian
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588-0299 USA
| | - Robert M Rioux
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University 22 Chemical Biomedical Engineering Building University Park Pennsylvania 16802-4400 USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University 22 Chemical Biomedical Engineering Building University Park Pennsylvania 16802-4400 USA
| | - James D Hoefelmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota 414 E. Clark St. Vermillion SD 57069 USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu Q, Zhan H, Nie Y, Xu Y, Zhu H, Sun Z, Bell J, Bo A, Gu Y. Effect of Fe-doping on bending elastic properties of single-crystalline rutile TiO 2 nanowires. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2800-2807. [PMID: 36132379 PMCID: PMC9417917 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00284d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-doping can improve some physical properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowires (NWs), which leads to important applications in miniature devices. Here, we investigated the elastic moduli of single-crystalline pristine and Fe-doped rutile TiO2 NWs using the three-point bending method, which is taken as a case study of impacts on the elastic properties of TiO2 NWs caused by transition-metal-doping. The Young's modulus of the pristine rutile TiO2 NWs decreases when the cross-sectional area increases (changing from 246 GPa to 93.2 GPa). However, the elastic modulus of the Fe-doped rutile NWs was found to increase with the cross-sectional area (changing from 91.8 GPa to 200 GPa). For NWs with similar geometrical size, the elastic modulus (156.8 GPa) for Fe-doped rutile NWs is 24% smaller than that (194.5 GPa) of the pristine rutile TiO2 NWs. The vacancies generated by Fe-doping are supposed to cause the reduction of elastic modulus of rutile TiO2 NWs. This work provides a fundamental understanding of the effects of transition-metal-doping on the elastic properties of TiO2 NWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Haifei Zhan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
- Center for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Yihan Nie
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Yanan Xu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Huaiyong Zhu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Ziqi Sun
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - John Bell
- University of Southern Queensland Ipswich Queensland 4300 Australia
| | - Arinxin Bo
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Yuantong Gu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
- Center for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang R, Esposito AM, Thornburg ES, Chen X, Zhang X, Philip MA, Magana A, Gewirth AA. Conversion of Co Nanoparticles to CoS in Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Porous Carbon during Cycling Facilitates Na 2S Reactivity in a Na-S Battery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29285-29295. [PMID: 32490653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries have attracted wide interest due to their high energy density and high natural abundance. Polysulfide dissolution and irreversible Na2S conversion are challenges to achieving high battery performance. Herein, we utilize a metal-organic framework-derived Co-containing nitrogen-doped porous carbon (CoNC) as a catalytic sulfur cathode host. A concentrated sodium electrolyte based on sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, dimethoxyethane, and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ether is used to mitigate polysulfide dissolution. We tune the amount of Co present in the CoNC carbon host by acid washing. Significant improvement in reversible sulfur conversion and capacity retention is observed with a higher Co content in CoNC, with 600 mAh g-1 and 77% capacity retention for CoNC and 261 mAh g-1 and 56% capacity retention for acid-washed CoNC at cycle 50 at 80 mAh g-1. Post-mortem X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction suggest that CoS is formed during cycling in place of Co nanoparticles and CoN4 sites. Raman spectroscopy suggests that CoS exhibits a catalytic effect on the oxidation of Na2S. Our findings provide insights into understanding the role Co-based catalysts play in sulfur batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Anne Marie Esposito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Eric S Thornburg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xueyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Maria A Philip
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alexis Magana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Andrew A Gewirth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chawla A, Singh A, Babu PD, Singh M. Magnetic ion oxidation state dependent magnetoelectric coupling strength in Fe doped BCT ceramics. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21019-21027. [PMID: 35517732 PMCID: PMC9054350 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00969e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycrystalline samples of Ba0.96Ca0.04Ti0.91Fe0.09O3 were prepared using a conventional solid state reaction route with different Fe starting precursors (Fe2O3, Fe3O4). The Rietveld refined XRD data confirmed the phase purity and tetragonal crystal structure of both the samples. The average grain size measured using SEM was ≈0.40 μm in both the samples. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of only Fe2+ and both Fe2+/Fe3+ in Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 doped BCT samples. The Pr and Mr values have been measured to be 1.34 μC cm−2, 2.88 μC cm−2 and 0.0015 emu g−1 and 0.135 emu g−1 in Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 doped BCT samples, respectively. The Fe3O4 doped samples exhibit much better M-E coupling (≈22%) as compared to Fe2O3 (≈7%) doped BCT samples. The results obtained hence suggest that Fe3O4 doping in BCT is better suited for multiferroic applications. Polycrystalline samples of Ba0.96Ca0.04Ti0.91Fe0.09O3 were prepared using a conventional solid state reaction route with different Fe starting precursors (Fe2O3, Fe3O4). A significant difference in the magnetic and ferroelectric properties was observed.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Chawla
- Material Science and Characterization Laboratory, Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Anupinder Singh
- Material Science and Characterization Laboratory, Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - P D Babu
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research R-5 Shed, BARC Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Material Science and Characterization Laboratory, Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mutalik C, Wang DY, Krisnawati DI, Jazidie A, Yougbare S, Kuo TR. Light-Activated Heterostructured Nanomaterials for Antibacterial Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040643. [PMID: 32235565 PMCID: PMC7222013 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of a bacterial contagion is a critical threat for human health worldwide. Recently, light-activated heterostructured nanomaterials (LAHNs) have shown potential as antibacterial agents, owing to their unique structural and optical properties. Many investigations have revealed that heterostructured nanomaterials are potential antibacterial agents under light irradiation. In this review, we summarize recent developments of light-activated antibacterial agents using heterostructured nanomaterials and specifically categorized those agents based on their various light harvesters. The detailed antibacterial mechanisms are also addressed. With the achievements of LAHNs as antibacterial agents, we further discuss the challenges and opportunities for their future clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinmaya Mutalik
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.M.); (S.Y.)
| | - Di-Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan;
- Center for Science and Technology, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | | | - Achmad Jazidie
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia;
- University Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
| | - Sibidou Yougbare
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.M.); (S.Y.)
| | - Tsung-Rong Kuo
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.M.); (S.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nano-Structured Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors for Efficient Spintronics at Room Temperature. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many efforts have been made to develop advanced metal oxide semiconductor nanomaterials with exotic magnetic properties for modern applications w.r.t traditional analogues. Dilute magnetic semiconductor oxides (DMSOs) are promising candidates for superior control over the charge and spin degrees of freedom. DMSOs are transparent, wide band gap materials with induced ferromagnetism in doping, with a minor percentage of magnetic 3d cation to create a long-range antiferromagnetic order. Although significant efforts have been carried out to achieve DMSO with ferromagnetic properties above room temperature, it is a great challenge that still exists. However, TiO2, SnO2, ZnO and In2O3 with wide band gaps of 3.2, 3.6, 3.2 and 2.92 eV, respectively, can host a broad range of dopants to generate various compositions. Interestingly, a reduction in the size of these binary oxides can induce ferromagnetism, even at room temperature, due to the grain boundary, presence of defects and oxygen vacancies. The present review provides a panorama of the structural analysis and magnetic properties of DMSOs based on binary metal oxides nanomaterials with various ferromagnetic or paramagnetic dopants, e.g., Co, V, Fe and Ni, which exhibit enhanced ferromagnetic behaviors at room temperature.
Collapse
|
36
|
Core-Shell Structured Phenolic Polymer@TiO 2 Nanosphere with Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Efficiency. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030467. [PMID: 32150857 PMCID: PMC7153608 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Core–shell structured TiO2 is a promising solution to promote the photocatalytic effectiveness in visible light. Compared to metal or semiconductor materials, polymers are rarely used as the core materials for fabricating core–shell TiO2 materials. A novel core–shell structured polymer@TiO2 was developed by using phenolic polymer (PP) colloid nanoparticles as the core material. The PP nanoparticles were synthesized by an enzyme-catalyzed polymerization in water. A subsequent sol–gel and hydrothermal reaction was utilized to cover the TiO2 shell on the surfaces of PP particles. The thickness of the TiO2 shell was controlled by the amount of TiO2 precursor. The covalent connection between PP and TiO2 was established after the hydrothermal reaction. The core–shell structure allowed the absorption spectra of PP@TiO2 to extend to the visible-light region. Under visible-light irradiation, the core–shell nanosphere displayed enhanced photocatalytic efficiency for rhodamine B degradation and good recycle stability. The interfacial C–O–Ti bonds and the π-conjugated structures in the PP@TiO2 nanosphere played a key role in the quick transfer of the excited electrons between PP and TiO2, which greatly improved the photocatalytic efficiency in visible light.
Collapse
|
37
|
Integration of amorphous ferromagnetic oxides with multiferroic materials for room temperature magnetoelectric spintronics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3583. [PMID: 32107393 PMCID: PMC7046697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A room temperature amorphous ferromagnetic oxide semiconductor can substantially reduce the cost and complexity associated with utilizing crystalline materials for spintronic devices. We report a new material (Fe0.66Dy0.24Tb0.1)3O7-x (FDTO), which shows semiconducting behavior with reasonable electrical conductivity (~500 mOhm-cm), an optical band-gap (2.4 eV), and a large enough magnetic moment (~200 emu/cc), all of which can be tuned by varying the oxygen content during deposition. Magnetoelectric devices were made by integrating ultrathin FDTO with multiferroic BiFeO3. A strong enhancement in the magnetic coercive field of FDTO grown on BiFeO3 validated a large exchange coupling between them. Additionally, FDTO served as an excellent top electrode for ferroelectric switching in BiFeO3 with no sign of degradation after ~1010 switching cycles. RT magneto-electric coupling was demonstrated by modulating the resistance states of spin-valve structures using electric fields.
Collapse
|
38
|
Aragón FFH, Villegas-Lelovsky L, Cabral L, Lima MP, Aquino JCR, Mathpal MC, Coaquira JAH, da Silva SW, Nagamine LCCM, Parreiras SO, Gastelois PL, Marques GE, Macedo WAA. Tailoring the physical and chemical properties of Sn 1-xCo xO 2 nanoparticles: an experimental and theoretical approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3702-3714. [PMID: 32003381 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05928h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a coupled experimental and theoretical first-principles investigation on one of the more promising oxide-diluted magnetic semiconductors, the Sn1-xCoxO2 nanoparticle system, in order to see the effect of cobalt doping on the physical and chemical properties. Our findings suggest that progressive surface enrichment with dopant ions plays an essential role in the monotonous quenching of the surface disorder modes. That weakening is associated with the passivation of the oxygen vacancies as the Co excess at the surface becomes larger. Room-temperature 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy data analysis revealed the occurrence of a distribution of isomer shifts, related to the different non-equivalent surroundings of Sn4+ ions and the coexistence of Sn2+/Sn4+ at the particle surfaces provoked by the inhomogeneous distribution of Co ions, in agreement with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. Magnetic measurements revealed a paramagnetic behavior of the Co ions dispersed in the rutile-type matrix with antiferromagnetic correlations, which become stronger as the Co content is increased. Theoretical calculations show that a defect with two Co mediated by a nearby oxygen vacancy is the most likely defect. The predicted effects of this defect complex are in accordance with the experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F F H Aragón
- Núcleo de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília DF 70910900, Brazil. and Laboratorio de Películas Delgadas, Escuela Profesional de Física, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Av. Independencia s/n, Arequipa, Peru
| | - L Villegas-Lelovsky
- Departamento de Física, IGCE, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 13506-900 Rio Claro SP, Brazil and Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - L Cabral
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - M P Lima
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - J C R Aquino
- Núcleo de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília DF 70910900, Brazil. and Laboratorio de Películas Delgadas, Escuela Profesional de Física, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Av. Independencia s/n, Arequipa, Peru
| | - M C Mathpal
- Núcleo de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília DF 70910900, Brazil.
| | - J A H Coaquira
- Núcleo de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília DF 70910900, Brazil.
| | - S W da Silva
- Núcleo de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília DF 70910900, Brazil.
| | - L C C M Nagamine
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S O Parreiras
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear-CDTN, 3127-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - P L Gastelois
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear-CDTN, 3127-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - G E Marques
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - W A A Macedo
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear-CDTN, 3127-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jadhav S, Navarro-Mendoza R, Lozano-Sotomayor P, Galindo-Esquivel IR, Serrano O, Peralta-Hernández JM. Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of TiO 2 Modified with GaI toward Environmental Application. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:1315-1322. [PMID: 31880434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gallium (Ga) ion-doped TiO2 (Ga-TiO2) nanocomposite with small particle size (9-10 nm) and high surface area (104 m2/g) has been easily synthesized via sol-gel method at low temperature by using low-valent GaI as a doping precursor. The structural and morphological characterization of Ga-TiO2 was carried out with standard analytical and spectroscopic techniques. Ga doping into the TiO2 matrix inhibited a phase transformation from anatase to rutile (photocatalytically inactive) form, even at a higher temperature of 750 °C. Finally, Ga-TiO2 nanocomposite showed high photocatalytic activity and exhibited 97% degradation of acid violet 63 dye within 60 min. The dye degradation rate constant was calculated as 1.6 × 10-1 and 1.4 × 10-1 min-1 under UV and white light irradiation, respectively, which is higher, as compared to the previously reported Ga-TiO2 composites to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Jadhav
- Departamento de Química, Sede Pueblito de Rocha, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato , Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico 36040
| | - Ricardo Navarro-Mendoza
- Departamento de Química, Sede Pueblito de Rocha, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato , Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico 36040
| | - Paulina Lozano-Sotomayor
- Departamento de Química, Sede Pueblito de Rocha, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato , Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico 36040
| | - Ignacio R Galindo-Esquivel
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Sede Noria Alta, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato , Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico 36020
| | - Oracio Serrano
- Departamento de Química, Sede Pueblito de Rocha, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato , Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico 36040
| | - Juan M Peralta-Hernández
- Departamento de Química, Sede Pueblito de Rocha, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato , Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico 36040
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Akel S, Boughaled R, Dillert R, El Azzouzi M, Bahnemann DW. UV/Vis Light Induced Degradation of Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride Mediated byCo-TiO 2 Nanoparticles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020249. [PMID: 31936177 PMCID: PMC7024376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals, especially antibiotics, constitute an important group of aquatic contaminants given their environmental impact. Specifically, tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are produced in great amounts for the treatment of bacterial infections in both human and veterinary medicine. Several studies have shown that, among all antibiotics, oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC HCl) is one of the most frequently detected TCs in soil and surface water. The results of the photocatalytic degradation of OTC HCL in aqueous suspensions (30 mg·L−1) of 0.5 wt.% cobalt-doped TiO2 catalysts are reported in this study. The heterogeneous Co-TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized by two different solvothermal methods. Evonik Degussa Aevoxide P25 and self-prepared TiO2 modified by the same methods were used for comparison. The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV/vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and N2 adsorption (BET) for specific surface area determination. The XRD and Raman results suggest that Ti4+ was substituted by Co2+ in the TiO2 crystal structure. Uv/visible spectroscopy of Co-TiO2-R showed a substantial redshift in comparison with bare TiO2-R. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared photocatalysts in OTC HCL degradation was investigated employing Uv/vis spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The observed initial reaction rate over Co-TiO2-R was higher compared with that of Co-TiO2-HT, self-prepared TiO2, and the commercial P25. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the high surface area (153 m2·g−1) along with the impurity levels within the band gap (2.93 eV), promoting the charge separation and improving the charge transfer ability. From these experimental results, it can be concluded that Co-doping under reflux demonstrates better photocatalytic performances than with the hydrothermal treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Akel
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany; (R.B.); (R.D.)
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, (LS3MN2E) Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V. BP 1014, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (D.W.B.); Tel.: +49-511-762-2773 (S.A.); +49-511-762-5560 (D.W.B.)
| | - Redouan Boughaled
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany; (R.B.); (R.D.)
| | - Ralf Dillert
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany; (R.B.); (R.D.)
- Laboratorium für Nano-und Quantenengineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mohamed El Azzouzi
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, (LS3MN2E) Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V. BP 1014, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Detlef W. Bahnemann
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany; (R.B.); (R.D.)
- Laboratorium für Nano-und Quantenengineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory “Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials”, Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Street 1, Peterhof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (D.W.B.); Tel.: +49-511-762-2773 (S.A.); +49-511-762-5560 (D.W.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hanna L, Long CL, Zhang X, Lockard JV. Heterometal incorporation in NH2-MIL-125(Ti) and its participation in the photoinduced charge-separated excited state. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11597-11600. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05339b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
X-ray spectroscopy studies reveal the location and role of Fe3+ sites incorporated in a Ti-based MOF exhibiting photo-induced charge separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hanna
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - Conor L. Long
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Advanced Photon Source
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tyagi A, Banerjee S, Cherusseri J, Kar KK. Characteristics of Transition Metal Oxides. HANDBOOK OF NANOCOMPOSITE SUPERCAPACITOR MATERIALS I 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43009-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
43
|
Lamrani AF. Rare-earth-doped TiO2 rutile as a promising ferromagnetic alloy for visible light absorption in solar cells: first principle insights. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35505-35515. [PMID: 35515646 PMCID: PMC9056923 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05725h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic structure and magneto-optic properties of TiO2 (rutile) doped with two concentrations of rare-earth (RE) elements are explored using a first-principle all-electron full-potential augmented spherical-wave method based on the PBEsol–GGA approximation, to examine their potential use as a spintronic and optoelectronic system. The results predict that all compounds exhibit half-metallic character, the only exception is by doping with Nd or that the material is magnetic but the cloud is still a half-metallic magnet. We also found that the localized level at the Fermi energy shifts to lower energy as the atomic number of the 4f-element increases. Consequently, the mechanism that controls the ferromagnetism in these systems has been proposed according to this positioning. The energy of the localized level due to Gd is sufficiently low to lie at the top of the valence band, while Eu produces a midgap state. However, the Fermi level was not noticed precisely at the middle of the energy gap. In contrast, the impurity states of the Nd-, Pm-, and Sm-dopants are close to the bottom of the conduction band of the host system. This allows electrons to be delocalized, and gives a higher scattering cross-section. Interestingly, the analysis of optical absorption and electrical conductivity emphasizes that this ferromagnetic DMS based on rare-earth elements has the power to be a promising spintronic device for visible light absorption in solar cells. Finally, the relationship between the mechanism that controls the ferromagnetism and the absorption efficiency of visible light is discussed. The electronic structure and magneto-optic properties of TiO2 (rutile) doped with rare-earth elements are explored using a first-principles all-electron full-potential augmented spherical-wave method, to examine their potential use as a spintronic and optoelectronic system.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Fakhim Lamrani
- Nanomaterial and Nanotechnology Unit
- E. N. S. Rabat
- Energy Research Center
- Faculty of Sciences
- Mohammed V University
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
He G, Wei Z, Feng Z, Yu X, Zhu B, Liu L, Jin K, Yuan J, Huan Q. Combinatorial laser molecular beam epitaxy system integrated with specialized low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:013904. [PMID: 32012528 DOI: 10.1063/1.5119686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a newly developed facility comprising a combinatorial laser molecular beam epitaxy system and an in situ scanning tunneling microscope (STM). This facility aims at accelerating the materials research in a highly efficient way by advanced high-throughput film synthesis techniques and subsequent fast characterization of surface morphology and electronic states. Compared with uniform films deposited by conventional methods, the so-called combinatorial thin films will be beneficial in determining the accurate phase diagrams of different materials due to the improved control of parameters such as chemical substitution and sample thickness resulting from a rotary-mask method. A specially designed STM working under low-temperature and ultrahigh vacuum conditions is optimized for the characterization of combinatorial thin films in an XY coarse motion range of 15 mm × 15 mm with submicrometer location precision. The overall configuration and some key aspects such as the sample holder design, scanner head, and sample/tip/target transfer mechanism are described in detail. The performance of the device is demonstrated by synthesizing high-quality superconducting FeSe thin films with gradient thickness and imaging surfaces of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, Au (111), Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (BSCCO), and FeSe. In addition, we also have obtained clean noise spectra of tunneling junctions and the superconducting energy gap of BSCCO. The successful manufacturing of such a facility opens a new window for the next generation equipment designed for experimental materials research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhongxu Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhongpei Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaodong Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Beiyi Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kui Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing Huan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Synthesis, characterizations, and utilization of oxygen-deficient metal oxides for lithium/sodium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
46
|
Wang W, Hui S, Zhang F, Wang X, Zhang S, Yan J, Zhang W. Fabrication and Study on Magnetic-Optical Properties of Ni-Doped ZnO Nanorod Arrays. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10090622. [PMID: 31540514 PMCID: PMC6780395 DOI: 10.3390/mi10090622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Zn1-xNixO nanorod arrays were prepared on Si substrates by magnetron sputtering and hydrothermal methods at 100 °C. We studied the effects of doped concentration and hydrothermal growth conditions on the crystal structure, morphology, photoluminescence, and magnetic properties of Zn1-xNixO nanorod arrays. The research results show that the Zn1-xNixO nanorod have the hexagonal wurtzite structure without the appearance of the second phase, and all samples have a highly preferred orientation of a (002) crystal face. The Zn1-xNixO nanorod arrays exhibit obvious room temperature ferromagnetism with saturation magnetization at 4.2 × 10−4 emu/g, the residual magnetization is 1.3 × 10−4 emu/g and the coercive field is 502 Oe, and also excellent luminescent properties with seven times greater luminous intensity than that of ZnO nanorod arrays. The redshift of the ultraviolet emission peak was found by Ni2+ doping. We further explained the source and essence of the magnetic properties of Zn1-xNixO nanorod arrays and deemed that the magnetic moment mainly comes from the hybrid electron exchange of O 2p and Ni 3d state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Information Science Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Shoulong Hui
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Fuchun Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Shuili Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Junfeng Yan
- School of Information Science Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Weihu Zhang
- Communication and Information Engineering College, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu M, Yan JM, Guo L, Wang H, Xu ZX, Yan MY, Lu YL, Gao GY, Li XG, Luo HS, Chai Y, Zheng RK. Nonvolatile Control of the Electronic Properties of In 2-xCr xO 3 Semiconductor Films by Ferroelectric Polarization Charge. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32449-32459. [PMID: 31405273 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of Cr-doped In2-xCrxO3 (ICO) semiconductor thin films were epitaxially grown on (111)-oriented 0.71Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.29PbTiO3 (PMN-0.29PT) single-crystal substrates by the pulsed laser deposition. Upon the application of an electric field to the PMN-0.29PT substrate along the thickness direction, we realized in situ, reversible, and nonvolatile control of the electronic properties and Fermi level of the films, which are manifested by abundant physical phenomena such as the n-type to p-type transformation, metal-semiconductor transition, metal-insulator transition, crossover of the magnetoresistance (MR) from negative to positive, and a large nonvolatile on-and-off ratio of 5.5 × 104% at room temperature. We also strictly disclose that both the sign and the magnitude of MR are determined by the electron carrier density of ICO films, which could modify the s-d exchange interaction and weak localization effect. Our results demonstrate that the ferroelectric gating approach using PMN-PT can be utilized to gain deeper insight into the carrier-density-related electronic properties of In2O3-based semiconductors and provide a simple and energy efficient way to construct multifunctional devices which can utilize the unique properties of composite materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jian-Min Yan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Devices , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031 , China
| | - Zhi-Xue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Ming-Yuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Yun-Long Lu
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , China
| | - Guan-Yin Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Xiao-Guang Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Hao-Su Luo
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Yang Chai
- Department of Applied Physics , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China
| | - Ren-Kui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Devices , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031 , China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Surenjan A, Pradeep T, Philip L. Application and performance evaluation of a cost-effective vis- LED based fluidized bed reactor for the treatment of emerging contaminants. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:629-639. [PMID: 31059961 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Visible light induced photocatalysis is considered as one of the most potential technologies which can achieve new levels of sustainability in water treatment. The current study explores the performance of immobilized visible light active catalyst on inert media for light driven catalysis of pharmaceuticals. These coated media is used in a continuous flow fluidized column reactor equipped with spirally arranged visible Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as irradiation source. The treatment efficiency of the system is evaluated for the removal of pharmaceutical drugs such as carbamazepine, diclofenac and ibuprofen. For the present study, system parameters such as light intensity and flow rate are optimized for maximum removal rate. The system shows complete elimination of the pharmaceuticals under the given experimental conditions. Complete mineralization of the target compounds are confirmed by TOC analysis. Recyclability is an important attribute for full scale commercialization of a treatment technology. An investigation on the reusability study of the photocatalyst displayed no significant reduction in the removal efficiency for a run of six cycles, hence rendering the photocatalyst reusable. The results acquired indicate an immense potential for scaling up the photoreactor as a sustainable tertiary treatment technology in water treatment plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Surenjan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Ligy Philip
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Affiliation(s)
- J M D Coey
- School of Physics, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
- CRANN, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Maier WF. Early Years of High-Throughput Experimentation and Combinatorial Approaches in Catalysis and Materials Science. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2019; 21:437-444. [PMID: 30939240 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This is a report on the early years of combinatorial materials science and technology. High-throughput technologies (HTTs) are found in life- and materials-science laboratories. Although HTTs have long been the standard in life sciences in academia as well as in industry, HTTs in materials science have become the standard in industry but not in academia. In life science, successful drugs developed with HTTs have been reported, but there is no information on successful materials developed with HTTs that have made it to the market. Some initial development of HTTs in materials science is summarized, especially early applications of artificial intelligence. This outlook attempts to summarize the development of combinatorial materials sciences from the early years to today.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm F. Maier
- Technische Chemie, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| |
Collapse
|