1
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Lin H, Lin S, Shi L, Xu G, Lin M, Li S, Chen J, Li Z, Nakazibwe C, Xiao Y, Li X, Pan X, Wang C. FGFR1 governs iron homeostasis via regulating intracellular protein degradation pathways of IRP2 in prostate cancer cells. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1011. [PMID: 39154074 PMCID: PMC11330447 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of ectopic fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) expression is well documented in prostate cancer (PCa) progression, notably in conferring tumor growth advantage and facilitating metastasis. However, how FGFR1 contributes to PCa progression is not fully revealed. Here we report that ectopic FGFR1 in PCa cells promotes transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) expression and expands the labile iron pool (LIP), and vice versa. We further demonstrate that FGFR1 stabilizes iron regulatory proteins 2 (IRP2) and therefore, upregulates TFR1 via promoting IRP2 binding to the IRE of TFR1. Deletion of FGFR1 in DU145 cells decreases the LIP, which potentiates the anticancer efficacy of iron chelator. Intriguingly, forced expression of IRP2 in FGFR1 depleted cells reinstates TFR1 expression and LIP, subsequently restoring the tumorigenicity of the cells. Together, our results here unravel a new mechanism by which FGFR1 drives PCa progression and suggest a potential novel target for PCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuaijun Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuhong Shi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangsen Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Manjie Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Supeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiale Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiquan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Catherine Nakazibwe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunbei Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xuebo Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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2
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Fujita H, Tanaka YK, Ogata S, Suzuki N, Kuno S, Barayeu U, Akaike T, Ogra Y, Iwai K. PRDX6 augments selenium utilization to limit iron toxicity and ferroptosis. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:1277-1285. [PMID: 38867112 PMCID: PMC11327102 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01329-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death induced by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides. Selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) suppresses ferroptosis by detoxifying lipid hydroperoxides via a catalytic selenocysteine (Sec) residue. Sec, the genetically encoded 21st amino acid, is biosynthesized from a reactive selenium donor on its cognate tRNA[Ser]Sec. It is thought that intracellular selenium must be delivered 'safely' and 'efficiently' by a carrier protein owing to its high reactivity and very low concentrations. Here, we identified peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) as a novel selenoprotein synthesis factor. Loss of PRDX6 decreases the expression of selenoproteins and induces ferroptosis via a reduction in GPX4. Mechanistically, PRDX6 increases the efficiency of intracellular selenium utilization by transferring selenium between proteins within the selenocysteyl-tRNA[Ser]Sec synthesis machinery, leading to efficient synthesis of selenocysteyl-tRNA[Ser]Sec. These findings highlight previously unidentified selenium metabolic systems and provide new insights into ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Kyoto University School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yu-Ki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiryo Ogata
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Suzuki
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sota Kuno
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Kyoto University School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Uladzimir Barayeu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Ogra
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Kyoto University School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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3
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Lamačová LJ, Trnka J. Chelating mitochondrial iron and copper: Recipes, pitfalls and promise. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101903. [PMID: 38777220 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Iron and copper chelation therapy plays a crucial role in treating conditions associated with metal overload, such as hemochromatosis or Wilson's disease. However, conventional chelators face challenges in reaching the core of iron and copper metabolism - the mitochondria. Mitochondria-targeted chelators can specifically target and remove metal ions from mitochondria, showing promise in treating diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Additionally, they serve as specific mitochondrial metal sensors. However, designing these new molecules presents its own set of challenges. Depending on the chelator's intended use to prevent or to promote redox cycling of the metals, the chelating moiety must possess different donor atoms and an optimal value of the electrode potential of the chelator-metal complex. Various targeting moieties can be employed for selective delivery into the mitochondria. This review also provides an overview of the current progress in the design of mitochondria-targeted chelators and their biological activity investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie J Lamačová
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trnka
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Praha, Czech Republic.
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4
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Nadimpalli HP, Katsioudi G, Arpa ES, Chikhaoui L, Arpat AB, Liechti A, Palais G, Tessmer C, Hofmann I, Galy B, Gatfield D. Diurnal control of iron responsive element containing mRNAs through iron regulatory proteins IRP1 and IRP2 is mediated by feeding rhythms. Genome Biol 2024; 25:128. [PMID: 38773499 PMCID: PMC11106963 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular iron homeostasis is regulated by iron regulatory proteins (IRP1 and IRP2) that sense iron levels (and other metabolic cues) and modulate mRNA translation or stability via interaction with iron regulatory elements (IREs). IRP2 is viewed as the primary regulator in the liver, yet our previous datasets showing diurnal rhythms for certain IRE-containing mRNAs suggest a nuanced temporal control mechanism. The purpose of this study is to gain insights into the daily regulatory dynamics across IRE-bearing mRNAs, specific IRP involvement, and underlying systemic and cellular rhythmicity cues in mouse liver. RESULTS We uncover high-amplitude diurnal oscillations in the regulation of key IRE-containing transcripts in the liver, compatible with maximal IRP activity at the onset of the dark phase. Although IRP2 protein levels also exhibit some diurnal variations and peak at the light-dark transition, ribosome profiling in IRP2-deficient mice reveals that maximal repression of target mRNAs at this timepoint still occurs. We further find that diurnal regulation of IRE-containing mRNAs can continue in the absence of a functional circadian clock as long as feeding is rhythmic. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest temporally controlled redundancy in IRP activities, with IRP2 mediating regulation of IRE-containing transcripts in the light phase and redundancy, conceivably with IRP1, at dark onset. Moreover, we highlight the significance of feeding-associated signals in driving rhythmicity. Our work highlights the dynamic nature and regulatory complexity in a metabolic pathway that had previously been considered well-understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgia Katsioudi
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Enes Salih Arpa
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Lies Chikhaoui
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alaaddin Bulak Arpat
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Angelica Liechti
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Gaël Palais
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Claudia Tessmer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Core Facility Antibodies, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Ilse Hofmann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Core Facility Antibodies, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Bruno Galy
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - David Gatfield
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
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5
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Teh MR, Armitage AE, Drakesmith H. Why cells need iron: a compendium of iron utilisation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00109-7. [PMID: 38760200 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is globally prevalent, causing an array of developmental, haematological, immunological, neurological, and cardiometabolic impairments, and is associated with symptoms ranging from chronic fatigue to hair loss. Within cells, iron is utilised in a variety of ways by hundreds of different proteins. Here, we review links between molecular activities regulated by iron and the pathophysiological effects of iron deficiency. We identify specific enzyme groups, biochemical pathways, cellular functions, and cell lineages that are particularly iron dependent. We provide examples of how iron deprivation influences multiple key systems and tissues, including immunity, hormone synthesis, and cholesterol metabolism. We propose that greater mechanistic understanding of how cellular iron influences physiological processes may lead to new therapeutic opportunities across a range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R Teh
- MRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew E Armitage
- MRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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6
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Lauinger L, Andronicos A, Flick K, Yu C, Durairaj G, Huang L, Kaiser P. Cadmium binding by the F-box domain induces p97-mediated SCF complex disassembly to activate stress response programs. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3894. [PMID: 38719837 PMCID: PMC11079001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The F-box domain is a highly conserved structural motif that defines the largest class of ubiquitin ligases, Skp1/Cullin1/F-box protein (SCF) complexes. The only known function of the F-box motif is to form the protein interaction surface with Skp1. Here we show that the F-box domain can function as an environmental sensor. We demonstrate that the F-box domain of Met30 is a cadmium sensor that blocks the activity of the SCFMet30 ubiquitin ligase during cadmium stress. Several highly conserved cysteine residues within the Met30 F-box contribute to binding of cadmium with a KD of 8 µM. Binding induces a conformational change that allows for Met30 autoubiquitylation, which in turn leads to recruitment of the segregase Cdc48/p97/VCP followed by active SCFMet30 disassembly. The resulting inactivation of SCFMet30 protects cells from cadmium stress. Our results show that F-box domains participate in regulation of SCF ligases beyond formation of the Skp1 binding interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Lauinger
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Anna Andronicos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Karin Flick
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Clinton Yu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Geetha Durairaj
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Peter Kaiser
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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7
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Yu R, Hang Y, Tsai HI, Wang D, Zhu H. Iron metabolism: backfire of cancer cell stemness and therapeutic modalities. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:157. [PMID: 38704599 PMCID: PMC11070091 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), with their ability of self-renewal, unlimited proliferation, and multi-directional differentiation, contribute to tumorigenesis, metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to conventional therapy and immunotherapy. Eliminating CSCs has long been thought to prevent tumorigenesis. Although known to negatively impact tumor prognosis, research revealed the unexpected role of iron metabolism as a key regulator of CSCs. This review explores recent advances in iron metabolism in CSCs, conventional cancer therapies targeting iron biochemistry, therapeutic resistance in these cells, and potential treatment options that could overcome them. These findings provide important insights into therapeutic modalities against intractable cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yu
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yinhui Hang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Hsiang-I Tsai
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
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8
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Zhen Z, Ren J, Zhu J. The redox requirement and regulation during cell proliferation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:385-399. [PMID: 38262821 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The intracellular metabolic network comprises a variety of reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions that occur in a temporally and spatially distinct manner. In order to coordinate these redox processes, mammalian cells utilize a collection of electron-carrying molecules common to many redox reactions, including NAD, NADP, coenzyme Q (CoQ), and glutathione (GSH). This review considers the metabolic basis of redox regulation in the context of cell proliferation by analyzing how cells acquire and utilize electron carriers to maintain directional carbon flux, sustain reductive biosynthesis, and support antioxidant defense. Elucidating the redox requirement during cell proliferation can advance the understanding of human diseases such as cancer, and reveal effective therapeutic opportunities in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Zhen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiankun Ren
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Zhu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
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9
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Zhang DL, Ollivierre H, Rouault TA. Using Biotinylated Iron-Responsive Element to Analyze the Activity of Iron Regulatory Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4852. [PMID: 38732071 PMCID: PMC11084215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron regulatory proteins (IRP1 and IRP2) are the master regulators of mammalian iron homeostasis. They bind to the iron-responsive elements (IREs) of the transcripts of iron-related genes to regulate their expression, thereby maintaining cellular iron availability. The primary method to measure the IRE-binding activity of IRPs is the electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). This method is particularly useful for evaluating IRP1 activity, since IRP1 is a bifunctional enzyme and its protein levels remain similar during conversion between the IRE-binding protein and cytosolic aconitase forms. Here, we exploited a method of using a biotinylated-IRE probe to separate IRE-binding IRPs followed by immunoblotting to analyze the IRE-binding activity. This method allows for the successful measurement of IRP activity in cultured cells and mouse tissues under various iron conditions. By separating IRE-binding IRPs from the rest of the lysates, this method increases the specificity of IRP antibodies and verifies whether a band represents an IRP, thereby revealing some previously unrecognized information about IRPs. With this method, we showed that the S711-phosphorylated IRP1 was found only in the IRE-binding form in PMA-treated Hep3B cells. Second, we found a truncated IRE-binding IRP2 isoform that is generated by proteolytic cleavage on sites in the 73aa insert region of the IRP2 protein. Third, we found that higher levels of SDS, compared to 1-2% SDS in regular loading buffer, could dramatically increase the band intensity of IRPs in immunoblots, especially in HL-60 cells. Fourth, we found that the addition of SDS or LDS to cell lysates activated protein degradation at 37 °C or room temperature, especially in HL-60 cell lysates. As this method is more practical, sensitive, and cost-effective, we believe that its application will enhance future research on iron regulation and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tracey A. Rouault
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (D.-L.Z.); (H.O.)
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10
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Feng J, Wang ZX, Bin JL, Chen YX, Ma J, Deng JH, Huang XW, Zhou J, Lu GD. Pharmacological approaches for targeting lysosomes to induce ferroptotic cell death in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216728. [PMID: 38431036 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes are crucial organelles responsible for the degradation of cytosolic materials and bulky organelles, thereby facilitating nutrient recycling and cell survival. However, lysosome also acts as an executioner of cell death, including ferroptosis, a distinctive form of regulated cell death that hinges on iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation. The initiation of ferroptosis necessitates three key components: substrates (membrane phospholipids enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids), triggers (redox-active irons), and compromised defence mechanisms (GPX4-dependent and -independent antioxidant systems). Notably, iron assumes a pivotal role in ferroptotic cell death, particularly in the context of cancer, where iron and oncogenic signaling pathways reciprocally reinforce each other. Given the lysosomes' central role in iron metabolism, various strategies have been devised to harness lysosome-mediated iron metabolism to induce ferroptosis. These include the re-mobilization of iron from intracellular storage sites such as ferritin complex and mitochondria through ferritinophagy and mitophagy, respectively. Additionally, transcriptional regulation of lysosomal and autophagy genes by TFEB enhances lysosomal function. Moreover, the induction of lysosomal iron overload can lead to lysosomal membrane permeabilization and subsequent cell death. Extensive screening and individually studies have explored pharmacological interventions using clinically available drugs and phytochemical agents. Furthermore, a drug delivery system involving ferritin-coated nanoparticles has been specifically tailored to target cancer cells overexpressing TFRC. With the rapid advancements in understandings the mechanistic underpinnings of ferroptosis and iron metabolism, it is increasingly evident that lysosomes represent a promising target for inducing ferroptosis and combating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Feng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530021, PR China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530021, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Jin-Lian Bin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530021, PR China
| | - Yong-Xin Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530021, PR China; Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530200, PR China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530200, PR China
| | - Jing-Huan Deng
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, PR China
| | - Xiao-Wei Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530021, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530021, PR China.
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530021, PR China.
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11
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Terzi EM, Possemato R. Iron, Copper, and Selenium: Cancer's Thing for Redox Bling. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041545. [PMID: 37932129 PMCID: PMC10982729 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cells require micronutrients for numerous basic functions. Among these, iron, copper, and selenium are particularly critical for redox metabolism, and their importance is heightened during oncogene-driven perturbations in cancer. In this review, which particularly focuses on iron, we describe how these micronutrients are carefully chaperoned about the body and made available to tissues, a process that is designed to limit the toxicity of free iron and copper or by-products of selenium metabolism. We delineate perturbations in iron metabolism and iron-dependent proteins that are observed in cancer, and describe the current approaches being used to target iron metabolism and iron-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem M Terzi
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Richard Possemato
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
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12
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Liu Q, Wang F, Chen Y, Cui H, Wu H. A regulatory module comprising G3BP1-FBXL5-IRP2 axis determines sodium arsenite-induced ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133038. [PMID: 38118197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination is extremely threatening to the global public health. It was reported that sodium arsenite exposure induces serious kidney injury. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Ferroptosis is a newly characterized form of iron-dependent programmed cell death, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including kidney injury. The lethal accumulation of iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation is the fundamental biochemical characteristic of ferroptosis. Herein we report that sodium arsenite exposure initiates ferroptosis in mammalian HEK293, MEF and HT1080 cells, and induces ferroptosis-associated acute kidney injury in mice. RNA-binding protein G3BP1, the switch component of stress granules, is indispensable for sodium arsenite-induced ferroptosis in a stress granule-independent manner. Mechanistically, G3BP1 stabilizes IRP2, the master regulator of cellular iron homeostasis, through binding to and suppressing the translation of FBXL5 mRNA, which encodes the E3 ligase component to mediate IRP2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Sodium arsenite intoxication expedites this G3BP1-FBXL5-IRP2 axis and elevates cellular labile free iron, which is responsible for sodium arsenite exposure-induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptotic cell death. In summary, this study highlights a regulatory module comprising G3BP1-FBXL5-IRP2 axis in determining sodium arsenite-induced ferroptosis and ferroptosis-associated acute kidney injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Fengli Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yingxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hengkang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Yao R, Li R, Wu X, Jin T, Luo Y, Li R, Huang Y. E3 ubiquitin ligase Hul6 modulates iron-dependent metabolism by regulating Php4 stability. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105670. [PMID: 38272226 PMCID: PMC10882131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Php4 is the regulatory subunit of the CCAAT-binding complexes and plays an important role in the regulation of iron homeostasis and iron-dependent metabolism. Here, we show that Php4 undergoes ubiquitin-dependent degradation in the late logarithmic and stationary phases. The degradation and ubiquitination of Php4 could be attenuated by deletion of hul6, a gene encoding a putative HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. The expression levels of Hul6 and Php4 are oppositely regulated during cell growth. Hul6 interacts with the C-terminal region of Php4. Two lysine residues (K217 and K274) located in the C-terminal region of Php4 are required for its polyubiquitination. Increasing the levels of Php4 by deletion of hul6 or overexpression of php4 decreased expression of Php4 target proteins involved in iron-dependent metabolic pathways such as the tricarboxylic cycle and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, thus causing increased sensitivity to high-iron and reductions in succinate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial complex II activities. Hul6 is located primarily in the mitochondrial outer membrane and most likely targets cytosolic Php4 for ubiquitination and degradation. Taken together, our data suggest that Hul6 regulates iron-dependent metabolism through degradation of Php4 under normal growth conditions. Our results also suggest that Hul6 promotes iron-dependent metabolism to help the cell to adapt to a nutrient-starved growth phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
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14
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Galy B, Conrad M, Muckenthaler M. Mechanisms controlling cellular and systemic iron homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:133-155. [PMID: 37783783 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, hundreds of proteins use iron in a multitude of cellular functions, including vital processes such as mitochondrial respiration, gene regulation and DNA synthesis or repair. Highly orchestrated regulatory systems control cellular and systemic iron fluxes ensuring sufficient iron delivery to target proteins is maintained, while limiting its potentially deleterious effects in iron-mediated oxidative cell damage and ferroptosis. In this Review, we discuss how cells acquire, traffick and export iron and how stored iron is mobilized for iron-sulfur cluster and haem biogenesis. Furthermore, we describe how these cellular processes are fine-tuned by the combination of various sensory and regulatory systems, such as the iron-regulatory protein (IRP)-iron-responsive element (IRE) network, the nuclear receptor co-activator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy pathway, the prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)-hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) axis or the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) regulatory hub. We further describe how these pathways interact with systemic iron homeostasis control through the hepcidin-ferroportin axis to ensure appropriate iron fluxes. This knowledge is key for the identification of novel therapeutic opportunities to prevent diseases of cellular and/or systemic iron mismanagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Galy
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Virus-associated Carcinogenesis (F170), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martina Muckenthaler
- Department of Paediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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15
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Ast T, Itoh Y, Sadre S, McCoy JG, Namkoong G, Wengrod JC, Chicherin I, Joshi PR, Kamenski P, Suess DLM, Amunts A, Mootha VK. METTL17 is an Fe-S cluster checkpoint for mitochondrial translation. Mol Cell 2024; 84:359-374.e8. [PMID: 38199006 PMCID: PMC11046306 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is a debilitating, multisystemic disease caused by the depletion of frataxin (FXN), a mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis factor. To understand the cellular pathogenesis of FA, we performed quantitative proteomics in FXN-deficient human cells. Nearly every annotated Fe-S cluster-containing protein was depleted, indicating that as a rule, cluster binding confers stability to Fe-S proteins. We also observed depletion of a small mitoribosomal assembly factor METTL17 and evidence of impaired mitochondrial translation. Using comparative sequence analysis, mutagenesis, biochemistry, and cryoelectron microscopy, we show that METTL17 binds to the mitoribosomal small subunit during late assembly and harbors a previously unrecognized [Fe4S4]2+ cluster required for its stability. METTL17 overexpression rescued the mitochondrial translation and bioenergetic defects, but not the cellular growth, of FXN-depleted cells. These findings suggest that METTL17 acts as an Fe-S cluster checkpoint, promoting translation of Fe-S cluster-rich oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins only when Fe-S cofactors are replete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tslil Ast
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuzuru Itoh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Shayan Sadre
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jason G McCoy
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gil Namkoong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jordan C Wengrod
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ivan Chicherin
- Department of Biology, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Pallavi R Joshi
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Piotr Kamenski
- Department of Biology, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Daniel L M Suess
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexey Amunts
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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16
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Srivastava NK, Mukherjee S, Mishra VN. One advantageous reflection of iron metabolism in context of normal physiology and pathological phases. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:277-294. [PMID: 38057018 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE (BACKGROUND) The presented review is an updating of Iron metabolism in context of normal physiology and pathological phases. Iron is one of the vital elements in humans and associated into proteins as a component of heme (e.g. hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes proteins, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide synthetases), iron sulfur clusters (e.g. respiratory complexes I-III, coenzyme Q10, mitochondrial aconitase, DNA primase), or other functional groups (e.g. hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases). All these entire iron-containing proteins ar e needed for vital cellular and organismal functions together with oxygen transport, mitochondrial respiration, intermediary and xenobiotic metabolism, nucleic acid replication and repair, host defense, and cell signaling. METHODS (METABOLIC STRATEGIES) Cells have developed metabolic strategies to import and employ iron safely. Regulatory process of iron uptake, storage, intracellular trafficking and utilization is vital for the maintenance of cellular iron homeostasis. Cellular iron utilization and intracellular iron trafficking pathways are not well established and very little knowledge about this. The predominant organs, which are associated in the metabolism of iron, are intestine, liver, bone marrow and spleen. Iron is conserved, recycled and stored. The reduced bioavailability of iron in humans has developed extremely efficient mechanisms for iron conservation. Prominently, the losses of iron cannot considerably enhance through physiologic mechanisms, even if iron intake and stores become excessive. Loss of iron is balanced or maintained from dietary sources. RESULTS (OUTCOMES) Numerous physiological abnormalities are associated with impaired iron metabolism. These abnormalities are appeared in the form of several diseases. There are duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease, sideroblastic anaemia, congenital dyserythropoietic anemias and low-grade myelodysplastic syndromes. Hereditary hemochromatosis and anaemia are two chronic diseases, which are responsible for disturbing the iron metabolism in various tissues, including the spleen and the intestine. Impairment in hepatic hepcidin synthesis is responsible for chronic liver disease, which is grounding from alcoholism or viral hepatitis. This condition directs to iron overload that can cause further hepatic damage. Iron has important role in several infectious diseases are tuberculosis, malaria trypanosomatid diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Iron is also associated with Systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], cancer, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and post-traumatic epilepsy. CONCLUSION Recently, numerous research studies are gradually more dedicated in the field of iron metabolism, but a number of burning questions are still waiting for answer. Cellular iron utilization and intracellular iron trafficking pathways are not well established and very little knowledge about this. Increased information of the physiology of iron homeostasis will support considerate of the pathology of iron disorders and also make available the support to advance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Srivastava
- School of Sciences (SOS), Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi, 110068, India.
| | | | - Vijaya Nath Mishra
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS), Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
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17
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Henneberg LT, Singh J, Duda DM, Baek K, Yanishevski D, Murray PJ, Mann M, Sidhu SS, Schulman BA. Activity-based profiling of cullin-RING E3 networks by conformation-specific probes. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1513-1523. [PMID: 37653169 PMCID: PMC10667097 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01392-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL) network comprises over 300 unique complexes that switch from inactive to activated conformations upon site-specific cullin modification by the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8. Assessing cellular repertoires of activated CRL complexes is critical for understanding eukaryotic regulation. However, probes surveying networks controlled by site-specific ubiquitin-like protein modifications are lacking. We developed a synthetic antibody recognizing the active conformation of NEDD8-linked cullins. Implementing the probe to profile cellular networks of activated CUL1-, CUL2-, CUL3- and CUL4-containing E3s revealed the complexes responding to stimuli. Profiling several cell types showed their baseline neddylated CRL repertoires vary, and prime efficiency of targeted protein degradation. Our probe also unveiled differential rewiring of CRL networks across distinct primary cell activation pathways. Thus, conformation-specific probes can permit nonenzymatic activity-based profiling across a system of numerous multiprotein complexes, which in the case of neddylated CRLs reveals widespread regulation and could facilitate the development of degrader drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas T Henneberg
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jaspal Singh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Duda
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Siduma Therapeutics, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kheewoong Baek
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - David Yanishevski
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Peter J Murray
- Immunoregulation, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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18
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Hinokuma H, Kanamori Y, Ikeda K, Hao L, Maruno M, Yamane T, Maeda A, Nita A, Shimoda M, Niimura M, Takeshima Y, Li S, Suzuki M, Moroishi T. Distinct functions between ferrous and ferric iron in lung cancer cell growth. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4355-4364. [PMID: 37688294 PMCID: PMC10637068 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests an association between iron metabolism and lung cancer progression. In biological systems, iron is present in either reduced (Fe2+ ; ferrous) or oxidized (Fe3+ ; ferric) states. However, ferrous and ferric iron exhibit distinct chemical and biological properties, the role of ferrous and ferric iron in lung cancer cell growth has not been clearly distinguished. In this study, we manipulated the balance between cellular ferrous and ferric iron status by inducing gene mutations involving the FBXL5-IRP2 axis, a ubiquitin-dependent regulatory system for cellular iron homeostasis, and determined its effects on lung cancer cell growth. FBXL5 depletion (ferrous iron accumulation) was found to suppress lung cancer cell growth, whereas IRP2 depletion (ferric iron accumulation) did not suppress such growth, suggesting that ferrous iron but not ferric iron plays a suppressive role in cell growth. Mechanistically, the depletion of FBXL5 impaired the degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27, resulting in a delay in the cell cycle at the G1/S phase. FBXL5 depletion in lung cancer cells also improved the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Overall, this study highlights the important function of ferrous iron in cell cycle progression and lung cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Hinokuma
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Yohei Kanamori
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Koei Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Li Hao
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Masataka Maruno
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Taishi Yamane
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Ayato Maeda
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Akihiro Nita
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Mayuko Shimoda
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Mayumi Niimura
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Yuki Takeshima
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Shuran Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
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19
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Walter S, Mertens C, Muckenthaler MU, Ott C. Cardiac iron metabolism during aging - Role of inflammation and proteolysis. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 215:111869. [PMID: 37678569 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Iron is the most abundant trace element in the human body. Since iron can switch between its 2-valent and 3-valent form it is essential in various physiological processes such as energy production, proliferation or DNA synthesis. Especially high metabolic organs such as the heart rely on iron-associated iron-sulfur and heme proteins. However, due to switches in iron oxidation state, iron overload exhibits high toxicity through formation of reactive oxygen species, underlining the importance of balanced iron levels. Growing evidence demonstrates disturbance of this balance during aging. While age-associated cardiovascular diseases are often related to iron deficiency, in physiological aging cardiac iron accumulates. To understand these changes, we focused on inflammation and proteolysis, two hallmarks of aging, and their role in iron metabolism. Via the IL-6-hepcidin axis, inflammation and iron status are strongly connected often resulting in anemia accompanied by infiltration of macrophages. This tight connection between anemia and inflammation highlights the importance of the macrophage iron metabolism during inflammation. Age-related decrease in proteolytic activity additionally affects iron balance due to impaired degradation of iron metabolism proteins. Therefore, this review accentuates alterations in iron metabolism during aging with regards to inflammation and proteolysis to draw attention to their implications and associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Walter
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Wuppertal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Mertens
- Center for Translational Biomedical Iron Research, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Immunology, and Hematology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Center for Translational Biomedical Iron Research, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Immunology, and Hematology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Wuppertal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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20
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Chen J, Fu J, Zhao S, Zhang X, Chao Y, Pan Q, Sun H, Zhang J, Li B, Xue T, Li J, Liu C. Free Radical and Viral Infection: A Review from the Perspective of Ferroptosis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:456. [PMID: 37505861 PMCID: PMC10384322 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), play critical roles in various physiological activities such as cell differentiation, apoptosis, and vascular tension when existing in cells at low levels. However, excessive amounts of free radicals are harmful, causing DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, protein degeneration, and abnormal cell death. Certain viral infections induce cells to produce excessive free radicals, which in multiple ways help the virus to replicate, mature, and exit. Iron is a necessary element for many intracellular enzymes, involved in both cellular activities and viral replication. Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death mode distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis, is characterized by lipid peroxide accumulation and damage to the antioxidant system, affecting many cellular processes. Viral infection commonly manifests as decreased glutathione (GSH) content and down-regulated glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity, similar to ferroptosis. Recent studies have suggested a possible relationship among free radicals, viral infections and ferroptosis. This review aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism linking free radicals and ferroptosis during viral infections and provide a new theoretical basis for studying viral pathogenesis and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jinping Fu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuyang Chao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qunxing Pan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huawei Sun
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tao Xue
- College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Jingui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chuanmin Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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21
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Jiang J, Srivastava S, Liu S, Seim G, Claude R, Zhong M, Cao S, Davé U, Kapur R, Mosley AL, Zhang C, Wan J, Fan J, Zhang J. Asparagine starvation suppresses histone demethylation through iron depletion. iScience 2023; 26:106425. [PMID: 37034982 PMCID: PMC10074807 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular α-ketoglutarate is an indispensable substrate for the Jumonji family of histone demethylases (JHDMs) mediating most of the histone demethylation reactions. Since α-ketoglutarate is an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and a product of transamination, its availability is governed by the metabolism of several amino acids. Here, we show that asparagine starvation suppresses global histone demethylation. This process is neither due to the change of expression of histone-modifying enzymes nor due to the change of intracellular levels of α-ketoglutarate. Rather, asparagine starvation reduces the intracellular pool of labile iron, a key co-factor for the JHDMs to function. Mechanistically, asparagine starvation suppresses the expression of the transferrin receptor to limit iron uptake. Furthermore, iron supplementation to the culture medium restores histone demethylation and alters gene expression to accelerate cell death upon asparagine depletion. These results suggest that suppressing iron-dependent histone demethylation is part of the cellular adaptive response to asparagine starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sankalp Srivastava
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gretchen Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Rodney Claude
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Minghua Zhong
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sha Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Utpal Davé
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Amber L. Mosley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Ji Zhang
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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22
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León-Sicairos CR, Figueroa-Angulo EE, Calla-Choque JS, Arroyo R. The Non-Canonical Iron-Responsive Element of IRE-tvcp12 Hairpin Structure at the 3'-UTR of Trichomonas vaginalis TvCP12 mRNA That Binds TvHSP70 and TvACTN-3 Can Regulate mRNA Stability and Amount of Protein. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040586. [PMID: 37111472 PMCID: PMC10143249 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common sexually transmitted parasites in humans. This protozoan has high iron requirements for growth, metabolism, and virulence. However, iron concentrations also differentially modulate T. vaginalis gene expression as in the genes encoding cysteine proteinases TvCP4 and TvCP12. Our goal was to identify the regulatory mechanism mediating the upregulation of tvcp12 under iron-restricted (IR) conditions. Here, we showed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry assays that IR conditions increase mRNA stability and amount of TvCP12. RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay (REMSA), UV cross-linking, and competition assays demonstrated that a non-canonical iron-responsive element (IRE)-like structure at the 3'-untranslated region of the tvcp12 transcript (IRE-tvcp12) specifically binds to human iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) and to atypical RNA-binding cytoplasmic proteins from IR trichomonads, such as HSP70 and α-Actinin 3. These data were confirmed by REMSA supershift and Northwestern blot assays. Thus, our findings show that a positive gene expression regulation under IR conditions occurs at the posttranscriptional level possibly through RNA-protein interactions between atypical RNA-binding proteins and non-canonical IRE-like structures at the 3'-UTR of the transcript by a parallel mechanism to the mammalian IRE/IRP system that can be applied to other iron-regulated genes of T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R León-Sicairos
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center of Research and Advanced Studies of IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN # 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Elisa E Figueroa-Angulo
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center of Research and Advanced Studies of IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN # 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Jaeson S Calla-Choque
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center of Research and Advanced Studies of IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN # 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Rossana Arroyo
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center of Research and Advanced Studies of IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN # 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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23
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Kuno S, Iwai K. Oxygen modulates iron homeostasis by switching iron-sensing of NCOA4. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104701. [PMID: 37059186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To ensure proper utilization of iron and avoid its toxicity, cells are equipped with iron-sensing proteins to maintain cellular iron homeostasis. We showed previously that NCOA4, a ferritin-specific autophagy adapter, intricately regulates the fate of ferritin; upon binding to Fe3+, NCOA4 forms insoluble condensates and regulates ferritin autophagy in iron-replete conditions. Here, we demonstrate an additional iron-sensing mechanism of NCOA4. Our results indicate that the insertion of an Fe-S cluster enables preferential recognition of NCOA4 by the HERC2 ubiquitin ligase in iron-replete conditions, resulting in degradation by the proteasome and subsequent inhibition of ferritinophagy. We also found that both condensation and ubiquitin-mediated degradation of NCOA4 can occur in the same cell, and the cellular oxygen tension determines the selection of these pathways. Fe-S cluster-mediated degradation of NCOA4 is enhanced under hypoxia, whereas NCOA4 forms condensates and degrades ferritin at higher oxygen levels. Considering the involvement of iron in oxygen handling, our findings demonstrate that the NCOA4/ferritin axis is another layer of cellular iron regulation in response to oxygen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sota Kuno
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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24
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Liu Y, Li Y, Yang L, Shen J, Zhao H, Dong W, Chang Y, Qiao T, Li K. Stimulation of Hepatic Ferritinophagy Mitigates Irp2 Depletion-Induced Anemia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030566. [PMID: 36978814 PMCID: PMC10044941 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) maintain cellular iron homeostasis. Due to aberrant tissue-iron distribution, Irp2-deficient mice suffer microcytic anemia and neurodegeneration, while iron overload occurs in the liver and intestine. We previously found that Irp2 deficiency-induced Hif2 plays an important role in neurodegeneration. Methods: To test the role of Hif2 in Irp2 deficiency-induced anemia, we used Irp2 global knockout mice. Following Hif2 inhibition, routine blood tests, iron availability in bone marrow, histological assays, and biochemical analysis were performed to assess anemia improvement and tissue iron distribution. Results: We found that Hif2 inhibition improved anemia. The increased iron bioavailability for erythropoiesis was mainly derived from hepatic iron release, and secondly from enhanced intestinal absorption. We further demonstrate that nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (Ncoa4) was upregulated for iron release via the process of ferritinophagy. The released iron was utilized not only for intracellular Fe-S biogenesis but also for erythropoiesis after being exported from the liver to circulation. The hepatic iron export reduced hepcidin expression to further support iron absorption through the hepcidin-ferroportin axis to alleviate intestinal iron overload. Conclusion: Irp2 not only regulates cellular iron homeostasis but also tissue iron distribution by managing the involvement of Hif2-Ncoa4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiaqi Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hongting Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Weichen Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Tong Qiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kuanyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Correspondence:
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25
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Anandhan A, Dodson M, Shakya A, Chen J, Liu P, Wei Y, Tan H, Wang Q, Jiang Z, Yang K, Garcia JGN, Chambers SK, Chapman E, Ooi A, Yang-Hartwich Y, Stockwell BR, Zhang DD. NRF2 controls iron homeostasis and ferroptosis through HERC2 and VAMP8. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade9585. [PMID: 36724221 PMCID: PMC9891695 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade9585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP) represents a powerful, yet untapped strategy for driving ferroptotic death of cancer cells. Here, we show that NRF2 maintains iron homeostasis by controlling HERC2 (E3 ubiquitin ligase for NCOA4 and FBXL5) and VAMP8 (mediates autophagosome-lysosome fusion). NFE2L2/NRF2 knockout cells have low HERC2 expression, leading to a simultaneous increase in ferritin and NCOA4 and recruitment of apoferritin into the autophagosome. NFE2L2/NRF2 knockout cells also have low VAMP8 expression, which leads to ferritinophagy blockage. Therefore, deletion of NFE2L2/NRF2 results in apoferritin accumulation in the autophagosome, an elevated LIP, and enhanced sensitivity to ferroptosis. Concordantly, NRF2 levels correlate with HERC2 and VAMP8 in human ovarian cancer tissues, as well as ferroptosis resistance in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines. Last, the feasibility of inhibiting NRF2 to increase the LIP and kill cancer cells via ferroptosis was demonstrated in preclinical models, signifying the impact of NRF2 inhibition in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annadurai Anandhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Matthew Dodson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Aryatara Shakya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Jinjing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Yongyi Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Hui Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ziyan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Kevin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Joe GN Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Setsuko K. Chambers
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Eli Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Aikseng Ooi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Yang Yang-Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Donna D. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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26
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Henneberg LT, Singh J, Duda DM, Baek K, Yanishevski D, Murray PJ, Mann M, Sidhu SS, Schulman B. Activity-based profiling of cullin-RING ligase networks by conformation-specific probes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.14.524048. [PMID: 36711970 PMCID: PMC9882101 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.14.524048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The cullin-RING E3 ligase (CRL) network comprises over 300 unique complexes that switch from inactive to activated conformations upon site-specific cullin modification by the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8. Assessing cellular repertoires of activated CRL complexes is critical for understanding eukaryotic regulation. However, probes surveying networks controlled by site-specific ubiquitin-like protein modifications are lacking. We report development of a synthetic antibody recognizing the active conformation of a NEDD8-linked cullin. We established a pipeline probing cellular networks of activated CUL1-, CUL2-, CUL3- and CUL4-containing CRLs, revealing the CRL complexes responding to stimuli. Profiling several cell types showed their baseline neddylated CRL repertoires vary, prime efficiency of targeted protein degradation, and are differentially rewired across distinct primary cell activation pathways. Thus, conformation-specific probes can permit nonenzymatic activity-based profiling across a system of numerous multiprotein complexes, which in the case of neddylated CRLs reveals widespread regulation and could facilitate development of degrader drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas T Henneberg
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jaspal Singh
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David M Duda
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Present address: The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kheewoong Baek
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - David Yanishevski
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Peter J Murray
- Immunoregulation, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda Schulman
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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27
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Pandey V, Mayank AK, Wohlschlegel JA. Analyzing Iron and Oxygen-Regulated Protein Complex Formation Using Proteomic Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2648:155-166. [PMID: 37039990 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3080-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms have evolved elaborate strategies to sense and adapt to changes in intracellular oxygen. The canonical cellular pathway responsible for oxygen sensing consists of the von Hippel-Lindau (pVHL) tumor suppressor protein, prolyl hydroxylases (PHD), and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which together regulate expression of downstream genes involved in oxygen homeostasis. In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that oxygen regulatory mechanisms are intertwined with cellular iron-sensing pathways. Key members of these networks such as prolyl-hydroxylases, E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor protein FBXL5, iron regulatory proteins (IRPs), and Fe-S cluster proteins require both iron and oxygen for their optimal function and/or are tightly regulated by intracellular concentrations of these molecules. Monitoring how protein interactomes are remodeled as a function of intracellular oxygen and iron levels gives insights into the nature and dynamics of these pathways. We have recently described an oxygen-sensitive interaction between FBXL5 and the cytoplasmic Fe-S cluster targeting complex (CIA targeting complex) with implications in the FBXL5-dependent regulation of IRPs. Based on this work, we present a protocol describing the induction and maintenance of hypoxia in mammalian cell cultures and a mass-spectrometry-based proteomics approach aimed at interrogating changes in interactome of key proteins as a function of intracellular oxygen and iron levels. These methods are widely applicable to understanding the dynamics of iron and oxygen signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Pandey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adarsh K Mayank
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James A Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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28
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Lai W, Li D, Wang Q, Ma Y, Tian J, Fang Q. Bacterial Magnetosomes Release Iron Ions and Induce Regulation of Iron Homeostasis in Endothelial Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3995. [PMID: 36432281 PMCID: PMC9695978 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetosomes (MAGs) extracted from magnetotactic bacteria are well-defined membrane-enveloped single-domain magnetic nanoparticles. Due to their superior magnetic and structural properties, MAGs constitute potential materials that can be manipulated via genetic and chemical engineering for use in biomedical and biotechnological applications. However, the long-term effects exerted by MAGs on cells are of concern in the context of in vivo applications. Meanwhile, it remains relatively unclear which mechanisms are employed by cells to process and degrade MAGs. Hence, a better understanding of MAGs' degradation and fundamental signal modulations occurring throughout this process is essential. In the current study, we investigated the potential actions of MAGs on endothelial cells over a 10-day period. MAGs were retained in cells and found to gradually gather in the lysosome-like vesicles. Meanwhile, iron-ion release was observed. Proteomics further revealed a potential cellular mechanism underlying MAGs degradation, in which a group of proteins associated with vesicle biogenesis, and lysosomal enzymes, which participate in protein hydrolysis and lipid degradation, were rapidly upregulated. Moreover, the released iron triggered the regulation of the iron metabolic profiles. However, given that the levels of cell oxidative damage were relatively stable, the released iron ions were handled by iron metabolic profiles and incorporated into normal metabolic routes. These results provide insights into the cell response to MAGs degradation that may improve their in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Lai
- Division of Nanotechnology Development, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dan Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qingsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Aviation Service Department, Yantai Engineering & Technology College, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Jiesheng Tian
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Abstract
In 2020, nearly 20 million peoples got cancer and nearly 10 million peoples died of cancer, indicating the cancer remains a great threat to human health and life. New therapies are still in urgent demand. We here develop a novel cancer therapy named Ferroptosis ASsassinates Tumor (FAST) by combining iron oxide nanoparticles with cancer-selective knockdown of seven key ferroptosis-resistant genes (FPN, LCN2, FTH1, FSP1, GPX4, SLC7A11, NRF2). We found that FAST had notable anti-tumor activity in a variety of cancer cells but little effect on normal cells. Especially, FAST eradicated three different types of tumors (leukemia, colon cancer, and lung metastatic melanoma) from over 50% of cancer mice, making the mice survive up to 250 days without tumor relapse. FAST also significantly inhibited and prevented the growth of spontaneous breast cancer and improved survival in mice. FAST showed high pan anti-tumor efficacy, high cancer specificity, and in vivo safety. FAST defines a new form of advanced nanomaterials, advanced combinatorial nanomaterials, by combining two kinds of nanomaterials, a chemical nanomaterial (iron oxide nanoparticles) and a biochemical nanomaterial (adeno-associated virus), which successfully turns a general iron nanomaterial into an unprecedented assassin to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Luo
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China
| | - Yile Wang
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China
| | - Jinke Wang
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China
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30
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Yang J, Tang Q, Zeng Y. Melatonin: Potential avenue for treating iron overload disorders. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101717. [PMID: 35961513 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload as a highly risk factor, can be found in almost all human chronic and common diseases. Iron chelators are often used to treat iron overload; however, patient adherence to these chelators is poor due to obvious side effects and other disadvantages. Numerous studies have shown that melatonin has a high iron chelation ability and direct free radical scavenging activity, and can inhibit the lipid peroxidation process caused by iron overload. Therefore, melatonin may become potential complementary therapy for iron overload-related disorders due to its iron chelating and antioxidant activities. Here, the research progress of iron overload is reviewed and the therapeutic potential of melatonin in the treatment of iron overload is analyzed. In addition, studies related to the protective effects of melatonin on oxidative damage induced by iron overload are discussed. This review provides a foundation for preventing and treating iron homeostasis disorders with melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qinghua Tang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhong Zeng
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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31
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Peng F, Li C, Lu C, Li Y, Xu P, Liang G. IRONMAN peptide interacts with OsHRZ1 and OsHRZ2 to maintain Fe homeostasis in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6463-6474. [PMID: 35789265 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
IRONMAN (IMA) is a family of small peptides which positively regulate plant responses under Fe deficiency. However, the molecular mechanism by which OsIMA1 and OsIMA2 regulate Fe homeostasis in rice is unclear. Here, we reveal that OsIMA1 and OsIMA2 interact with the potential Fe sensors, OsHRZ1 (HAEMERYTHRIN MOTIF-CONTAINING REALLY INTERESTING NEW GENE (RING) AND ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN 1) and OsHRZ2. OsIMA1 and OsIMA2 contain a conserved 17 amino acid C-terminal region which is responsible for the interactions with OsHRZ1 and OsHRZ2. Plants overexpressing OsIMA1 (OsIMA1ox) show increased Fe concentration in seeds and reduced fertility, as observed in the hrz1-2 loss-of-function mutant plants. Moreover, the expression patterns of Fe deficiency inducible genes in the OsIMA1ox plants are the same as those in hrz1-2. Co-expression assays suggest that OsHRZ1 and OsHRZ2 promote the degradation of OsIMA1 proteins. As the interaction partners of OsHRZ1, the OsPRI (POSITIVE REGULATOR OF IRON HOMEOSTASIS) proteins also interact with OsHRZ2. The conserved C-terminal region of four OsPRIs contributes to the interactions with OsHRZ1 and OsHRZ2. An artificial IMA (aIMA) derived from the C-terminal of OsPRI1 can be also degraded by OsHRZ1. Moreover, aIMA overexpressing rice plants accumulate more Fe without reduction of fertility. This work establishes the link between OsIMAs and OsHRZs, and develops a new strategy for Fe fortification in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengkai Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Meng Y, Sun H, Li Y, Zhao S, Su J, Zeng F, Deng G, Chen X. Targeting Ferroptosis by Ubiquitin System Enzymes: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5475-5488. [PMID: 36147464 PMCID: PMC9461661 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.73790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death driven by the excessive accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Therapy-resistant tumor cells, particularly those in the mesenchymal-like state and prone to metastasis, are highly susceptible to ferroptosis, suggesting that induction of ferroptosis in tumor cells is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Although ferroptosis is regulated at various levels, ubiquitination is key to post-translational regulation of ferroptotic cell death. E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are the most remarkable ubiquitin system enzymes, whose dysregulation accounts for the progression of multiple cancers. E3s are involved in the attachment of ubiquitin to substrates for their degradation, and this process is reversed by DUBs. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the important role of ubiquitin system enzymes in regulating the sensitivity of ferroptosis. Herein, we will portray the regulatory networks of ferroptosis mediated by E3s or DUBs and discuss opportunities and challenges for incorporating this regulation into cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yayun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Furong Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guangtong Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liang G. Iron uptake, signaling, and sensing in plants. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100349. [PMID: 35706354 PMCID: PMC9483112 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient that affects the growth and development of plants because it participates as a cofactor in numerous physiological and biochemical reactions. As a transition metal, Fe is redox active. Fe often exists in soil in the form of insoluble ferric hydroxides that are not bioavailable to plants. Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to ensure an adequate supply of Fe in a fluctuating environment. Plants can sense Fe status and modulate the transcription of Fe uptake-associated genes, finally controlling Fe uptake from soil to root. There is a critical need to understand the molecular mechanisms by which plants maintain Fe homeostasis in response to Fe fluctuations. This review focuses on recent advances in elucidating the functions of Fe signaling components. Taking Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa as examples, this review begins by discussing the Fe acquisition systems that control Fe uptake from soil, the major components that regulate Fe uptake systems, and the perception of Fe status. Future explorations of Fe signal transduction will pave the way for understanding the regulatory mechanisms that underlie the maintenance of plant Fe homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.
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34
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Yang Y, Wang X, Xiao A, Han J, Wang Z, Wen M. Ketogenic diet prevents chronic sleep deprivation-induced Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting iron dyshomeostasis and promoting repair via Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:998292. [PMID: 36118706 PMCID: PMC9475074 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.998292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) is one of the main risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Ketogenic diet (KD) has been shown widely neuroprotective effects but less known about its effect on SD-induced AD. In the present study, a continuous 21 days SD mouse model with or without KD was established. The changes of cognitive function, pathological hallmarks of AD, ferroptosis, and intracellular signal pathways in mice were detected by Morris water maze, ThS staining, diaminobenzidine (DAB)-enhanced Perls’ stain, antioxidant assay, immuno-histochemistry, and western blot. The results showed that KD can prevent the cognitive deficiency, amyloid deposition and hyperphosphorylated tau induced by chronic SD. Analysis of ferroptosis revealed that KD can inhibit iron dyshomeostasis by down-regulating the expression of TfR1 and DMT1 and up-regulating the expression of FTH1, FPN1. Meanwhile, KD alleviated oxidative stress with elevated xCT/GPX4 axis, FSP1 and reduced MDA. In addition, KD could promote neuronal repair by enhancing BDNF and DCX. Further studies demonstrated that KD activated Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in the hippocampus in SD-exposed mice. Our finding firstly suggested that KD could prevent chronic SD-induced AD by inhibiting ferroptosis and improving the neuronal repair ability via Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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35
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Kinetics and mechanisms of catalyzed dual-E (antithetic) controllers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262371. [PMID: 35980978 PMCID: PMC9387869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis plays a central role in our understanding how cells and organisms are able to oppose environmental disturbances and thereby maintain an internal stability. During the last two decades there has been an increased interest in using control engineering methods, especially integral control, in the analysis and design of homeostatic networks. Several reaction kinetic mechanisms have been discovered which lead to integral control. In two of them integral control is achieved, either by the removal of a single control species E by zero-order kinetics (“single-E controllers”), or by the removal of two control species by second-order kinetics (“antithetic or dual-E control”). In this paper we show results when the control species E1 and E2 in antithetic control are removed enzymatically by ping-pong or ternary-complex mechanisms. Our findings show that enzyme-catalyzed dual-E controllers can work in two control modes. In one mode, one of the two control species is active, but requires zero-order kinetics in its removal. In the other mode, both controller species are active and both are removed enzymatically. Conditions for the two control modes are put forward and biochemical examples with the structure of enzyme-catalyzed dual-E controllers are discussed.
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36
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Xiong H, Zhang C, Han L, Xu T, Saeed K, Han J, Liu J, Klaassen CD, Gonzalez FJ, Lu Y, Zhang Y. Suppressed farnesoid X receptor by iron overload in mice and humans potentiates iron-induced hepatotoxicity. Hepatology 2022; 76:387-403. [PMID: 34870866 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Iron overload (IO) is a frequent finding in the general population. As the major iron storage site, the liver is subject to iron toxicity. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates bile acid metabolism and is implicated in various liver diseases. We aimed to determine whether FXR plays a role in regulating iron hepatotoxicity. APPROACH AND RESULTS Human and mouse hepatocytes were treated with ferric ammonium citrate or iron dextran (FeDx). Mice were orally administered ferrous sulfate or injected i.p. with FeDx. Wild-type and Fxr-/- mice were fed an iron-rich diet for 1 or 5 weeks. Mice fed an iron-rich diet were coadministered the FXR agonist, GW4064. Forced expression of FXR was carried out with recombinant adeno-associated virus 1 week before iron-rich diet feeding. Serum levels of bile acids and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) were quantified in adults with hyperferritinemia and children with β-thalassemia. The data demonstrated that iron suppressed FXR expression and signaling in human and mouse hepatocytes as well as in mouse liver and intestine. FXR deficiency potentiated iron hepatotoxicity, accompanied with hepatic steatosis as well as dysregulated iron and bile acid homeostasis. FXR negatively regulated iron-regulatory proteins 1 and 2 and prevented hepatic iron accumulation. Forced FXR expression and ligand activation significantly suppressed iron hepatotoxicity in iron-fed mice. The FXR agonist, GW4064, almost completely restored dysregulated bile acid signaling and metabolic syndrome in iron-fed mice. Conjugated primary bile acids were increased and FGF19 was decreased in serum of adults with hyperferritinemia and children with β-thalassemia. CONCLUSIONS FXR plays a pivotal role in regulating iron homeostasis and protects mice against iron hepatotoxicity. Targeting FXR may represent a therapeutic strategy for IO-associated chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Khawar Saeed
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Curtis D Klaassen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuanfu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Youcai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Petronek MS, Tomanek-Chalkley AM, Monga V, Milhem MM, Miller BJ, Magnotta VA, Allen BG. Detection of Ferritin Expression in Soft Tissue Sarcomas With MRI: Potential Implications for Iron Metabolic Therapy. THE IOWA ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL 2022; 42:255-262. [PMID: 35821920 PMCID: PMC9210395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells often have altered iron metabolism relative to non-malignant cells with increased transferrin receptor and ferritin expression. Targeting iron regulatory proteins as part of a cancer therapy regimen is currently being investigated in various malignancies. Anti-cancer therapies that exploit the differences in iron metabolism between malignant and non-malignant cells (e.g. pharmacological ascorbate and iron chelation therapy) have shown promise in various cancers, including glioblastoma, lung, and pancreas cancers. Non-invasive techniques that probe tissue iron metabolism may provide valuable information for the personalization of iron-based cancer therapies. T2* mapping is a clinically available MRI technique that assesses tissue iron content in the heart and liver. We aimed to investigate the capacity of T2* mapping to detect iron stores in soft tissue sarcomas (STS). METHODS In this study, we evaluated T2* relaxation times ex vivo in five STS samples from subjects enrolled on a phase Ib/IIa clinical trial combining pharmacological ascorbate with neoadjuvant radiation therapy. Iron protein expression levels (ferritin, transferrin receptor, iron response protein 2) were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Bioinformatic data relating clinical outcomes in STS patients and iron protein expression levels were evaluated using the KMplotter database. RESULTS There was a high level of inter-subject variability in the expression of iron protein and T2* relaxation times. We identified that T2* relaxation time is capable of accurately detecting ferritin-heavy chain expression (r = -0.96) in these samples. Bioinformatic data acquired from the KMplot database revealed that transferrin receptor and iron-responsive protein 2 may be negative prognostic markers while ferritin expression may be a positive prognostic marker in the management of STS. CONCLUSION These data suggest that targeting iron regulatory proteins may provide a therapeutic approach to enhance STS management. Additionally, T2* mapping has the potential to be used a clinically accessible, non-invasive marker of STS iron regulatory protein expression and influence cancer therapy decisions that warrants further investigation. Level of Evidence: IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Petronek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ann M. Tomanek-Chalkley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Varun Monga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mohammed M. Milhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Miller
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Bryan G. Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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38
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Fan X, Barshop WD, Vashisht AA, Pandey V, Leal S, Rayatpisheh S, Jami-Alahmadi Y, Sha J, Wohlschlegel JA. Iron-regulated assembly of the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis machinery. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102094. [PMID: 35654137 PMCID: PMC9243173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytosolic iron–sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly (CIA) pathway delivers Fe-S clusters to nuclear and cytosolic Fe-S proteins involved in essential cellular functions. Although the delivery process is regulated by the availability of iron and oxygen, it remains unclear how CIA components orchestrate the cluster transfer under varying cellular environments. Here, we utilized a targeted proteomics assay for monitoring CIA factors and substrates to characterize the CIA machinery. We find that nucleotide-binding protein 1 (NUBP1/NBP35), cytosolic iron–sulfur assembly component 3 (CIAO3/NARFL), and CIA substrates associate with nucleotide-binding protein 2 (NUBP2/CFD1), a component of the CIA scaffold complex. NUBP2 also weakly associates with the CIA targeting complex (MMS19, CIAO1, and CIAO2B) indicating the possible existence of a higher order complex. Interactions between CIAO3 and the CIA scaffold complex are strengthened upon iron supplementation or low oxygen tension, while iron chelation and reactive oxygen species weaken CIAO3 interactions with CIA components. We further demonstrate that CIAO3 mutants defective in Fe-S cluster binding fail to integrate into the higher order complexes. However, these mutants exhibit stronger associations with CIA substrates under conditions in which the association with the CIA targeting complex is reduced suggesting that CIAO3 and CIA substrates may associate in complexes independently of the CIA targeting complex. Together, our data suggest that CIA components potentially form a metabolon whose assembly is regulated by environmental cues and requires Fe-S cluster incorporation in CIAO3. These findings provide additional evidence that the CIA pathway adapts to changes in cellular environment through complex reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Fan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William D Barshop
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ajay A Vashisht
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vijaya Pandey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephanie Leal
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shima Rayatpisheh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yasaman Jami-Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jihui Sha
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - James A Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Zhao Q, Ge Z, Fu S, Wan S, Shi J, Wu Y, Zhang Y. DNA methylation plays an important role in iron-overloaded Tibetans. Gene 2022; 97:55-66. [PMID: 35644542 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of iron overload in Tibetans in Tibet is higher than that in Han. DNA methylation (DNAm) is closely related to iron metabolism and iron level. Nevertheless, the epigenetic status of Tibetans with iron overload is unknown, and we therefore aimed to explore whether the phenomenon observed in the Tibetan population is regulated by epigenetics. The results showed that 2.26% of cytosine was methylated in the whole genome, and that the rate of CG cytosine methylation was higher in individuals in the iron overload (TH) group than in those in the iron normal (TL) group. We analyzed differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data from the TH and TL groups of high-altitude Tibetans. Protein-protein interaction and pathway analyses of candidate DMGs related to iron uptake and transport showed that epigenetic changes in 10 candidate genes (ACO1, CYBRD1, FLVCR1, HFE, HMOX2, IREB2, NEDD8, SLC11A2, SLC40A1 and TFRC) are likely to relate to iron overload. This work reveals, for the first time, changes of DNAm in Tibetan people with iron overload, which suggest that DNAm is a mechanism underlying differences in iron content between individuals in the high-altitude Tibetan population. Our findings should contribute to the study of iron metabolism and the overall health status of Tibetans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital C.T.)
| | - Zhijing Ge
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tibet University
| | - Suhong Fu
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University
| | - Sha Wan
- Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital C.T.)
| | - Jing Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital C.T.)
| | - Yunhong Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital C.T.)
| | - Yongqun Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital C.T.)
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40
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Zhang Y, Mou Y, Zhang J, Suo C, Zhou H, Gu M, Wang Z, Tan R. Therapeutic Implications of Ferroptosis in Renal Fibrosis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:890766. [PMID: 35655759 PMCID: PMC9152458 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.890766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and can lead to the destruction of normal renal structure and loss of kidney function. Little progress has been made in reversing fibrosis in recent years. Ferroptosis is more immunogenic than apoptosis due to the release and activation of damage-related molecular patterns (DAMPs) signals. In this paper, the relationship between renal fibrosis and ferroptosis was reviewed from the perspective of iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation, and some pharmaceuticals or chemicals associated with both ferroptosis and renal fibrosis were summarized. Other programmed cell death and ferroptosis in renal fibrosis were also firstly reviewed for comparison and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhua Mou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jianjian Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjian Suo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengjun Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoyun Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ruoyun Tan,
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41
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Kuno S, Fujita H, Tanaka Y, Ogra Y, Iwai K. Iron-induced NCOA4 condensation regulates ferritin fate and iron homeostasis. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54278. [PMID: 35318808 PMCID: PMC9066066 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is not only essential but also a toxic trace element. Under iron repletion, ferritin maintains cellular iron homeostasis by storing iron to avoid iron toxicity. Under iron depletion, the ferritin-specific autophagy adaptor NCOA4 delivers ferritin to lysosomes via macroautophagy to enable cells to use stored iron. Here, we show that NCOA4 also plays crucial roles in the regulation of ferritin fate under iron repletion. NCOA4 forms insoluble condensates via multivalent interactions generated by the binding of iron to its intrinsically disordered region. This sequesters NCOA4 away from ferritin and allows ferritin accumulation in the early phase of iron repletion. Under prolonged iron repletion, NCOA4 condensates can deliver ferritin to lysosomes via a TAX1BP1-dependent non-canonical autophagy pathway, thereby preventing relative iron deficiency due to excessive iron storage and reduced iron uptake. Together, these observations suggest that the NCOA4-ferritin axis modulates intracellular iron homeostasis in accordance with cellular iron availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sota Kuno
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroaki Fujita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yu‐ki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental HealthGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Yasumitsu Ogra
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental HealthGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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42
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Maio N, Saneto RP, Steet R, Sotero de Menezes MA, Skinner C, Rouault TA. Disruption of cellular iron homeostasis by IREB2 missense variants causes severe neurodevelopmental delay, dystonia and seizures. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac102. [PMID: 35602653 PMCID: PMC9118103 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered brain iron homeostasis can contribute to neurodegeneration by interfering with the delivery of the iron needed to support key cellular processes, including mitochondrial respiration, synthesis of myelin and essential neurotransmitters. Intracellular iron homeostasis in mammals is maintained by two homologous ubiquitously expressed iron-responsive element-binding proteins (IRP1 and IRP2). Using exome sequencing, two patients with severe neurodegenerative disease and bi-allelic mutations in the gene IREB2 were first identified and clinically characterized in 2019. Here, we report the case of a 7-year-old male patient with compound heterozygous missense variants in IREB2, whose neurological features resembled those of the two previously reported IRP2-deficient patients, including a profound global neurodevelopmental delay and dystonia. Biochemical characterization of a lymphoblast cell line derived from the patient revealed functional iron deficiency, altered post-transcriptional regulation of iron metabolism genes and mitochondrial dysfunction. The iron metabolism abnormalities of the patient cell line were reversed by lentiviral-mediated restoration of IREB2 expression. These results, in addition to confirming the essential role of IRP2 in the regulation of iron metabolism in humans, expand the scope of the known IRP2-related neurodegenerative disorders and underscore that IREB2 pathological variants may impact the iron-responsive element-binding activity of IRP2 with varying degrees of severity. The three severely affected patients identified so far all suffered from complete loss of function of IRP2, raising the possibility that individuals with significant but incomplete loss of IRP2 function may develop less severe forms of the disease, analogous to other human conditions that present with a wide range of phenotypic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Russell P. Saneto
- Neuroscience Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Program for Mitochondrial Medicine and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tracey A. Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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43
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Jia F, Li H, Jiao Q, Li C, Fu L, Cui C, Jiang H, Zhang L. Deubiquitylase OTUD3 prevents Parkinson’s disease through stabilizing iron regulatory protein 2. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:418. [PMID: 35490179 PMCID: PMC9056525 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Iron deposits are neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) is a key factor in regulating brain iron homeostasis. Although two ubiquitin ligases that promote IRP2 degradation have been identified, the deubiquitylase for stabilization of IRP2 in PD remains undefined. Here, we report OTUD3 (OTU domain-containing protein 3) functions as a deubiquitylase for IRP2, interacts with IRP2 in the cytoplasm, de-polyubiquitylates, and stabilizes IRP2 protein in an iron-independent manner. Depletion of OTUD3 results in a disorder of iron metabolism. OTUD3 knockout mice display nigral iron accumulation, motor deficits, and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration, which resembles the pathology of PD. Consistently, decreased levels of OTUD3 are detected in transgenic PD mice expressing A53T mutant of human α-synuclein. Five single nucleotide polymorphism mutations of OTUD3 are present in cases of sporadic PD or controls, although no significant associations of OTUD3 SNPs with sporadic PD are detected. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that OTUD3 is a bona fide deubiquitylase for IRP2 and plays a critical role in the nigral iron deposits in PD.
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Li LX, Guo FF, Liu H, Zeng T. Iron overload in alcoholic liver disease: underlying mechanisms, detrimental effects, and potential therapeutic targets. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:201. [PMID: 35325321 PMCID: PMC11071846 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a global public health challenge due to the high incidence and lack of effective therapeutics. Evidence from animal studies and ALD patients has demonstrated that iron overload is a hallmark of ALD. Ethanol exposure can promote iron absorption by downregulating the hepcidin expression, which is probably mediated by inducing oxidative stress and promoting erythropoietin (EPO) production. In addition, ethanol may enhance iron uptake in hepatocytes by upregulating the expression of transferrin receptor (TfR). Iron overload in the liver can aggravate ethanol-elicited liver damage by potentiating oxidative stress via Fenton reaction, promoting activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and inducing a recently discovered programmed iron-dependent cell death, ferroptosis. This article reviews the current knowledge of iron metabolism, regulators of iron homeostasis, the mechanism of ethanol-induced iron overload, detrimental effects of iron overload in the liver, and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Xia Li
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fang-Fang Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Perea-García A, Puig S, Peñarrubia L. The role of post-transcriptional modulators of metalloproteins in response to metal deficiencies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1735-1750. [PMID: 34849747 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper and iron proteins have a wide range of functions in living organisms. Metal assembly into metalloproteins is a complex process, where mismetalation is detrimental and energy consuming to cells. Under metal deficiency, metal distribution is expected to reach a metalation ranking, prioritizing essential versus dispensable metalloproteins, while avoiding interference with other metals and protecting metal-sensitive processes. In this review, we propose that post-transcriptional modulators of metalloprotein mRNA (ModMeR) are good candidates in metal prioritization under metal-limited conditions. ModMeR target high quota or redundant metalloproteins and, by adjusting their synthesis, ModMeR act as internal metal distribution valves. Inappropriate metalation of ModMeR targets could compete with metal delivery to essential metalloproteins and interfere with metal-sensitive processes, such as chloroplastic photosynthesis and mitochondrial respiration. Regulation of ModMeR targets could increase or decrease the metal flow through interconnected pathways in cellular metal distribution, helping to achieve adequate differential metal requirements. Here, we describe and compare ModMeR that function in response to copper and iron deficiencies. Specifically, we describe copper-miRNAs from Arabidopsis thaliana and diverse iron ModMeR from yeast, mammals, and bacteria under copper and iron deficiencies, as well as the influence of oxidative stress. Putative functions derived from their role as ModMeR are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Perea-García
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular and Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergi Puig
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lola Peñarrubia
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular and Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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Cowan AD, Ciulli A. Driving E3 Ligase Substrate Specificity for Targeted Protein Degradation: Lessons from Nature and the Laboratory. Annu Rev Biochem 2022; 91:295-319. [PMID: 35320687 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Methods to direct the degradation of protein targets with proximity-inducing molecules that coopt the cellular degradation machinery are advancing in leaps and bounds, and diverse modalities are emerging. The most used and well-studied approach is to hijack E3 ligases of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. E3 ligases use specific molecular recognition to determine which proteins in the cell are ubiquitinated and degraded. This review focuses on the structural determinants of E3 ligase recruitment of natural substrates and neo-substrates obtained through monovalent molecular glues and bivalent proteolysis-targeting chimeras. We use structures to illustrate the different types of substrate recognition and assess the basis for neo-protein-protein interactions in ternary complex structures. The emerging structural and mechanistic complexity is reflective of the diverse physiological roles of protein ubiquitination. This molecular insight is also guiding the application of structure-based design approaches to the development of new and existing degraders as chemical tools and therapeutics. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus D Cowan
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom;
| | - Alessio Ciulli
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom;
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Kerimoglu B, Lamb C, McPherson RD, Ergen E, Stone EM, Ooi A. Cyst(e)inase-Rapamycin combination induces ferroptosis in both in vitro and in vivo models of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:419-426. [PMID: 35086957 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinomas associated with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) are notoriously aggressive and represent the leading cause of death among HLRCC patients. To date, a safe and effective standardized therapy for this tumor type is lacking. Here we show that the engineered synthetic therapeutic enzyme, Cyst(e)inase, when combined with rapamycin, can effectively induce ferroptosis in HLRCC cells in vivo. The drug combination promotes lipid peroxidation to a greater degree than cysteine deprivation or Cyst(e)inase treatment alone, while rapamycin treatment alone does not induce ferroptosis. Mechanistically, Cyst(e)inase induces ferroptosis by depleting the exogenous cysteine/cystine supply, while rapamycin reduces cellular ferritin level by promoting ferritins' destruction via ferritinophagy. Since both Cyst(e)inase and rapamycin are well-tolerated clinically, the combination represents an opportunity to exploit ferroptosis induction as a cancer management strategy. Accordingly, using a xenograft mouse model, we showed that the combination treatment resulted in tumor growth suppression without any notable side effects. In contrast, both Cyst(e)inase only and rapamycin only treatment groups failed to induce a significant change when compared to the vehicle control group. Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of Cyst(e)inase-rapamycin combination in inducing ferroptotic cell death in vivo, supporting the potential translation of the combination therapy into clinical HLRCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Candice Lamb
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin
| | | | - Ergul Ergen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona
| | - Everett M Stone
- Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Aikseng Ooi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona
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Cheng R, Dhorajia VV, Kim J, Kim Y. Mitochondrial iron metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotoxicology 2022; 88:88-101. [PMID: 34748789 PMCID: PMC8748425 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Iron is a key element for mitochondrial function and homeostasis, which is also crucial for maintaining the neuronal system, but too much iron promotes oxidative stress. A large body of evidence has indicated that abnormal iron accumulation in the brain is associated with various neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Friedreich's ataxia. However, it is still unclear how irregular iron status contributes to the development of neuronal disorders. Hence, the current review provides an update on the causal effects of iron overload in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and discusses important roles of mitochondrial iron homeostasis in these disease conditions. Furthermore, this review discusses potential therapeutic targets for the treatments of iron overload-linked neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Cheng
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
| | | | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA.
| | - Yuho Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy and Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA.
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Votava JA, Reese SR, Deck KM, Nizzi CP, Anderson SA, Djamali A, Eisenstein RS. Dysregulation of the sensory and regulatory pathways controlling cellular iron metabolism in unilateral obstructive nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F89-F103. [PMID: 34843656 PMCID: PMC8742730 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00537.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease involves disturbances in iron metabolism including anemia caused by insufficient erythropoietin (EPO) production. However, underlying mechanisms responsible for the dysregulation of cellular iron metabolism are incompletely defined. Using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model in Irp1+/+ and Irp1-/- mice, we asked if iron regulatory proteins (IRPs), the central regulators of cellular iron metabolism and suppressors of EPO production, contribute to the etiology of anemia in kidney failure. We identified a significant reduction in IRP protein level and RNA binding activity that associates with a loss of the iron uptake protein transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), increased expression of the iron storage protein subunits H- and L-ferritin, and a low but overall variable level of stainable iron in the obstructed kidney. This reduction in IRP RNA binding activity and ferritin RNA levels suggests the concomitant rise in ferritin expression and iron content in kidney failure is IRP dependent. In contrast, the reduction in the Epo mRNA level in the obstructed kidney was not rescued by genetic ablation of IRP1, suggesting disruption of normal hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α regulation. Furthermore, reduced expression of some HIF-α target genes in UUO occurred in the face of increased expression of HIF-α proteins and prolyl hydroxylases 2 and 1, the latter of which is not known to be HIF-α mediated. Our results suggest that the IRP system drives changes in cellular iron metabolism that are associated with kidney failure in UUO but that the impact of IRPs on EPO production is overridden by disrupted hypoxia signaling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that iron metabolism and hypoxia signaling are dysregulated in unilateral obstructive nephropathy. Expression of iron regulatory proteins (IRPs), central regulators of cellular iron metabolism, and the iron uptake (transferrin receptor 1) and storage (ferritins) proteins they target is strongly altered. This suggests a role of IRPs in previously observed changes in iron metabolism in progressive renal disease. Hypoxia signaling is disrupted and appeared to dominate the action of IRP1 in controlling erythropoietin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Votava
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Shannon R Reese
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kathryn M Deck
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Christopher P Nizzi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sheila A Anderson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Arjang Djamali
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Richard S Eisenstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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50
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Rethinking IRPs/IRE system in neurodegenerative disorders: Looking beyond iron metabolism. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101511. [PMID: 34767973 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) and iron regulatory element (IRE) systems are well known in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders by regulating iron related proteins. IRPs are also regulated by iron homeostasis. However, an increasing number of studies have suggested a close relationship between the IRPs/IRE system and non-iron-related neurodegenerative disorders. In this paper, we reviewed that the IRPs/IRE system is not only controlled by iron ions, but also regulated by such factors as post-translational modification, oxygen, nitric oxide (NO), heme, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and metal ions. In addition, by regulating the transcription of non-iron related proteins, the IRPs/IRE system functioned in oxidative metabolism, cell cycle regulation, abnormal proteins aggregation, and neuroinflammation. Finally, by emphasizing the multiple regulations of IRPs/IRE system and its potential relationship with non-iron metabolic neurodegenerative disorders, we provided new strategies for disease treatment targeting IRPs/IRE system.
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