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Wiesener P, Förster S, Merkel M, Schulze Lammers B, Fuchs H, Amirjalayer S, Mönig H. Standardization of Chemically Selective Atomic Force Microscopy for Metal Oxide Surfaces. ACS NANO 2024; 18:21948-21956. [PMID: 39103158 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The structures of metal oxide surfaces and inherent defects are vital for a variety of applications in materials science and chemistry. While scanning probe microscopy can reveal atomic-scale details, elemental discrimination usually requires indirect assumptions and extensive theoretical modeling. Here, atomic force microscopy with O-terminated copper tips on a variety of sample systems demonstrates not only a clear and universal chemical contrast but also immediate access to the atomic configuration of defects. The chemically selective contrast is explained by purely electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged tip-apex and the strongly varying electrostatic potential of metal and oxygen sites. These results offer a standardized methodology for the direct characterization of even the most complex metal oxide surfaces, providing fundamental insight into atomic-scale processes in these material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wiesener
- Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Stefan Förster
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Institut für Physik, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Milena Merkel
- Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster 48149, Germany
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2
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Zhu B, Huang W, Lin H, Feng H, Palotás K, Lv J, Ren Y, Ouyang R, Yang F. Vacancy Ordering in Ultrathin Copper Oxide Films on Cu(111). J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15887-15896. [PMID: 38825776 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Oxide thin films grown on metal surfaces have wide applications in catalysis and beyond owing to their unique surface structures compared to their bulk counterparts. Despite extensive studies, the atomic structures of copper surface oxides on Cu(111), commonly referred to as "44" and "29", have remained elusive. In this work, we demonstrated an approach for the structural determination of oxide surfaces using element-specific scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging enhanced by functionalized tips. This approach enabled us to resolve the atomic structures of "44" and "29" surface oxides, which were further corroborated by noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The stoichiometry of the "44" and "29" frameworks was identified as Cu23O16 and Cu16O11, respectively. Contrary to the conventional hypothesis, we observed ordered Cu vacancies within the "44" structure manifesting as peanut-shaped cavities in the hexagonal lattice. Similarly, a combination of Cu and O vacancies within the "29" structure leads to bean-shaped cavities within the pentagonal lattice. Our study has thus resolved the decades-long controversy on the atomic structures of "44" and "29" surface oxides, advancing our understanding of copper oxidation processes and introducing a robust framework for the analysis of complex oxide surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wugen Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | - Jiayu Lv
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yihui Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Runhai Ouyang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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3
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Davis EM, Bergmann A, Kuhlenbeck H, Roldan Cuenya B. Facet Dependence of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Co 3O 4, CoFe 2O 4, and Fe 3O 4 Epitaxial Film Electrocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13770-13782. [PMID: 38717849 PMCID: PMC11117179 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The main obstacle for the electrocatalytic production of "green hydrogen" is finding suitable electrocatalysts which operate highly efficiently over extended periods of time. The topic of this study is the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), one of the half-reactions of water splitting. It is complex and has intricate kinetics, which impairs the reaction efficiency. Transition metal oxides have shown potential as electrocatalysts for this reaction, but much remains unknown about the atomic scale processes. We have investigated structure-composition-reactivity correlations for Co3O4, CoFe2O4, and Fe3O4 epitaxial thin-film electrocatalysts exposing either the (001) or (111) surface facets. We found that for Co3O4, the (001) facet is more reactive, while for the other oxides, the (111) facet is more active. A Tafel-like evaluation reveals systematically smaller "Tafel" slopes for the (001) facets. Furthermore, the slopes are smaller for the iron-containing films. Additionally, we found that the oxyhydroxide skin layer which forms under OER reaction conditions is thicker on the cobalt oxides than on the other oxides, which we attribute to either a different density of surface defects or to iron hindering the growth of the skin layers. All studied skin layers were thinner than 1 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earl Matthew Davis
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4–6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Bergmann
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4–6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kuhlenbeck
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4–6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4–6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Jungcharoen P, Thivakorakot K, Thientanukij N, Kosachunhanun N, Vichapattana C, Panaampon J, Saengboonmee C. Magnetite nanoparticles: an emerging adjunctive tool for the improvement of cancer immunotherapy. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:316-331. [PMID: 38745773 PMCID: PMC11090691 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a groundbreaking field, offering promising and transformative tools for oncological research and treatment. However, it faces several limitations, including variations in cancer types, dependence on the tumor microenvironments (TMEs), immune cell exhaustion, and adverse reactions. Magnetic nanoparticles, particularly magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs), with established pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics for clinical use, hold great promise in this context and are now being explored for therapeutic aims. Numerous preclinical studies have illustrated their efficacy in enhancing immunotherapy through various strategies, such as modulating leukocyte functions, creating favorable TMEs for cytotoxic T lymphocytes, combining with monoclonal antibodies, and stimulating the immune response via magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) treatment (Front Immunol. 2021;12:701485. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.701485). However, the current clinical trials of MNPs are mostly for diagnostic aims and as a tool for generating hyperthermia for tumor ablation. With concerns about the adverse effects of MNPs in the in vivo systems, clinical translation and clinical study of MNP-boosted immunotherapy remains limited. The lack of extensive clinical investigations poses a current barrier to patient application. Urgent efforts are needed to ascertain both the efficacy of MNP-enhanced immunotherapy and its safety profile in combination therapy. This article reviews the roles, potential, and challenges of using MNPs in advancing cancer immunotherapy. The application of MNPs in boosting immunotherapy, and its perspective role in research and development is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoomipat Jungcharoen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kunakorn Thivakorakot
- Cho-Kalaphruek Excellent Research Project for Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Nachayada Thientanukij
- Cho-Kalaphruek Excellent Research Project for Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Natkamon Kosachunhanun
- Cho-Kalaphruek Excellent Research Project for Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chayanittha Vichapattana
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Jutatip Panaampon
- Division of Hematologic Neoplasia, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Cho-Kalaphruek Excellent Research Project for Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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5
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Rodewald J, Thien J, Ruwisch K, Pohlmann T, Hoppe M, Schmalhorst J, Küpper K, Wollschläger J. Structure-Related Electronic and Magnetic Properties in Ultrathin Epitaxial Ni xFe 3-xO 4 Films on MgO(001). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:694. [PMID: 38668188 PMCID: PMC11053537 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Off-stoichiometric NixFe3-xO4 ultrathin films (x < 2.1) with varying Ni content x and thickness 16 (±2) nm were grown on MgO(001) by reactive molecular beam epitaxy. Synchrotron-based high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements reveal vertical compressive strain for all films, resulting from a lateral pseudomorphic adaption of the film to the substrate lattice without any strain relaxation. Complete crystallinity with smooth interfaces and surfaces is obtained independent of the Ni content x. For x < 1 an expected successive conversion from Fe3O4 to NiFe2O4 is observed, whereas local transformation into NiO structures is observed for films with Ni content x > 1. However, angle-resolved hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate homogeneous cationic distributions without strictly separated phases independent of the Ni content, while X-ray absorption spectroscopy shows that also for x > 1, not all Fe2+ cations are substituted by Ni2+ cations. The ferrimagnetic behavior, as observed by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, is characterized by decreasing saturation magnetization due to the formation of antiferromagnetic NiO parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Rodewald
- Department of Physics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.R.); (J.T.); (K.R.); (T.P.); (M.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Jannis Thien
- Department of Physics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.R.); (J.T.); (K.R.); (T.P.); (M.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Kevin Ruwisch
- Department of Physics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.R.); (J.T.); (K.R.); (T.P.); (M.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Tobias Pohlmann
- Department of Physics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.R.); (J.T.); (K.R.); (T.P.); (M.H.); (K.K.)
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Photon Science, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Hoppe
- Department of Physics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.R.); (J.T.); (K.R.); (T.P.); (M.H.); (K.K.)
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Photon Science, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Schmalhorst
- Center for Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Karsten Küpper
- Department of Physics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.R.); (J.T.); (K.R.); (T.P.); (M.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Joachim Wollschläger
- Department of Physics, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.R.); (J.T.); (K.R.); (T.P.); (M.H.); (K.K.)
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6
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Wang C, Sombut P, Puntscher L, Jakub Z, Meier M, Pavelec J, Bliem R, Schmid M, Diebold U, Franchini C, Parkinson GS. CO-Induced Dimer Decay Responsible for Gem-Dicarbonyl Formation on a Model Single-Atom Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317347. [PMID: 38294119 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The ability to coordinate multiple reactants at the same active site is important for the wide-spread applicability of single-atom catalysis. Model catalysts are ideal to investigate the link between active site geometry and reactant binding, because the structure of single-crystal surfaces can be precisely determined, the adsorbates imaged by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and direct comparisons made to density functional theory. In this study, we follow the evolution of Rh1 adatoms and minority Rh2 dimers on Fe3O4(001) during exposure to CO using time-lapse STM at room temperature. CO adsorption at Rh1 sites results exclusively in stable Rh1CO monocarbonyls, because the Rh atom adapts its coordination to create a stable pseudo-square planar environment. Rh1(CO)2 gem-dicarbonyl species are also observed, but these form exclusively through the breakup of Rh2 dimers via an unstable Rh2(CO)3 intermediate. Overall, our results illustrate how minority species invisible to area-averaging spectra can play an important role in catalytic systems, and show that the decomposition of dimers or small clusters can be an avenue to produce reactive, metastable configurations in single-atom catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Panukorn Sombut
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Lena Puntscher
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Zdenek Jakub
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, Brno, 612 00, Czechia
| | - Matthias Meier
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
- Faculty of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Jiri Pavelec
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Roland Bliem
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, 1098XG, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Cesare Franchini
- Faculty of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, 40127, Italy
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7
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Ma X, Shi Y, Cheng Z, Liu X, Liu J, Guo Z, Cui X, Sun X, Zhao J, Tan S, Wang B. Unveiling diverse coordination-defined electronic structures of reconstructed anatase TiO 2(001)-(1 × 4) surface. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2326. [PMID: 38485720 PMCID: PMC10940315 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Transition metal oxides (TMOs) exhibit fascinating physicochemical properties, which originate from the diverse coordination structures between the transition metal and oxygen atoms. Accurate determination of such structure-property relationships of TMOs requires to correlate structural and electronic properties by capturing the global parameters with high resolution in energy, real, and momentum spaces, but it is still challenging. Herein, we report the determination of characteristic electronic structures from diverse coordination environments on the prototypical anatase-TiO2(001) with (1 × 4) reconstruction, using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy/atomic force microscopy, in combination with density functional theory calculation. We unveil that the shifted positions of O 2s and 2p levels and the gap-state Ti 3p levels can sensitively characterize the O and Ti coordination environments in the (1 × 4) reconstructed surface, which show distinguishable features from those in bulk. Our findings provide a paradigm to interrogate the intricate reconstruction-relevant properties in many other TMO surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Ma
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
| | - Yongliang Shi
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhengwang Cheng
- School of Science and Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Energy Photoelectric Device and System, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Auhui, 230009, China
| | - Jianyi Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Ziyang Guo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
| | - Xuefeng Cui
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
| | - Shijing Tan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China.
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8
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Magnussen OM, Drnec J, Qiu C, Martens I, Huang JJ, Chattot R, Singer A. In Situ and Operando X-ray Scattering Methods in Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:629-721. [PMID: 38253355 PMCID: PMC10870989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical and electrocatalytic processes are of key importance for the transition to a sustainable energy supply as well as for a wide variety of other technologically relevant fields. Further development of these processes requires in-depth understanding of the atomic, nano, and micro scale structure of the materials and interfaces in electrochemical devices under reaction conditions. We here provide a comprehensive review of in situ and operando studies by X-ray scattering methods, which are powerful and highly versatile tools to provide such understanding. We discuss the application of X-ray scattering to a wide variety of electrochemical systems, ranging from metal and oxide single crystals to nanoparticles and even full devices. We show how structural data on bulk phases, electrode-electrolyte interfaces, and nanoscale morphology can be obtained and describe recent developments that provide highly local information and insight into the composition and electronic structure. These X-ray scattering studies yield insights into the structure in the double layer potential range as well as into the structural evolution during electrocatalytic processes and phase formation reactions, such as nucleation and growth during electrodeposition and dissolution, the formation of passive films, corrosion processes, and the electrochemical intercalation into battery materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf M. Magnussen
- Kiel
University, Institute of Experimental and
Applied Physics, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht-Haensel
Laboratory, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jakub Drnec
- ESRF,
Experiments Division, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Canrong Qiu
- Kiel
University, Institute of Experimental and
Applied Physics, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Jason J. Huang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Raphaël Chattot
- ICGM,
Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Andrej Singer
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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9
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Ogbomo E, Bhuiyan FH, Latorre CA, Martini A, Ewen JP. Effects of surface chemistry on the mechanochemical decomposition of tricresyl phosphate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 26:278-292. [PMID: 38059507 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05320b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The growth of protective tribofilms from lubricant antiwear additives on rubbing surfaces is initiated by mechanochemically promoted dissociation reactions. These processes are not well understood at the molecular scale for many important additives, such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP). One aspect that needs further clarification is the extent to which the surface properties affect the mechanochemical decomposition. Here, we use nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations with a reactive force field (ReaxFF) to study the decomposition of TCP molecules confined and pressurised between sliding ferrous surfaces at a range of temperatures. We compare the decomposition of TCP on native iron, iron carbide, and iron oxide surfaces. We show that the decomposition rate of TCP molecules on all the surfaces increases exponentially with temperature and shear stress, implying that this is a stress-augmented thermally activated (SATA) process. The presence of base oil molecules in the NEMD simulations decreases the shear stress, which in turn reduces the rate constant for TCP decomposition. The decomposition is much faster on iron surfaces than iron carbide, and particularly iron oxide. The activation energy, activation volume, and pre-exponential factor from the Bell model are similar on iron and iron carbide surfaces, but significantly differ for iron oxide surfaces. These findings provide new insights into the mechanochemical decomposition of TCP and have important implications for the design of novel lubricant additives for use in high-temperature and high-pressure environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egheosa Ogbomo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
- The Thomas Young Centre, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Fakhrul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California-Merced, 5200 N. Lake Road, Merced 95343, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Ayestarán Latorre
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
- The Thomas Young Centre, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Ashlie Martini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California-Merced, 5200 N. Lake Road, Merced 95343, CA, USA
| | - James P Ewen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
- The Thomas Young Centre, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
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10
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Liu Y, Lin L, Yu L, Mu R, Fu Q. Spatially Separated Active Sites Enable Selective CO Oxidation Reaction on Oxide Catalyst. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9780-9786. [PMID: 37882533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The search for efficient non-noble-metal catalysts able to perform selective oxidation reactions is of great importance, with relevance to many catalytic processes. However, this is often hampered because the origin of the selectivity remains controversial, particularly for reactions catalyzed by oxides. Here, combining high-pressure surface imaging techniques and theoretical calculations, we identify that spatially separated active sites for O2 activation and H2 adsorption on an ultrathin Mn3O4 surface enable selective oxidation of CO over H2. Theoretical calculations reveal that Mn-O pairs for H2 dissociation are separated from Mn-Mn pairs for the formation of adsorbed O2* so that H2 has to surmount much higher barriers for both H2 dissociation and H diffusion while CO can directly react with O2* following the Eley-Rideal process. Our study sheds light on the atomic-level understanding of the surface structure-dependent selective oxidation reaction on oxide catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Le Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Liang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rentao Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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11
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Fu C, Li F, Wu Z, Xiong F, Zhu J, Gong XQ, Huang W. Traces of Potassium Induce Restructuring of the Anatase TiO 2(001)-(1×4) Surface from a Reactive to an Inert Structure. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8916-8921. [PMID: 37768115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Reconstruction of solid surfaces is generally accompanied by changes in surface activities. Here, via a combined experimental and theoretical study, we successfully identified that a trace amount of potassium dopant restructures the mineral anatase TiO2(001) single-crystal surface from an added molecule (ADM) termination to an added oxygen (AOM) one without changing the (1×4) periodicity. The anatase TiO2(001)-(1×4)-ADM surface terminated with 4-fold coordinated Ti4c and 2-fold coordinated O2c sites is (photo)catalytically active, whereas the anatase TiO2(001)-(1×4)-AOM surface terminated with O2c and inaccessible 5-fold coordinated Ti5c sites is inert. These results unveiled a mechanism of dopant-induced transformation from a reactive to an inert TiO2(001)-(1×4) surface, which unifies the existing arguments about the surface structures and (photo)catalytic activity of anatase TiO2(001)-(1×4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zongfang Wu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qing Gong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Weixin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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12
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Wang Z, Byun J, Wang Z, Xing Y, Seo J, Lee J, Oh SH. Direct Observation of Atomic Step-Assisted Stabilization of Polar Surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303051. [PMID: 37358063 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Polar surfaces are intrinsically unstable and thus highly reactive due to the uncompensated surface charges. The charge compensation is accompanied by various surface reconstructions, establishing novel functionality for their applications. The present in situ atomic-scale electron microscopy study directly shows that the atomic step and step-assisted reconstruction play central roles in the charge compensation of polar oxide surfaces. The flat (LaO)+ -terminated LaAlO3 (001) polar surface, when annealed at high temperature in vacuum, transits to the (015) vicinal surface via the dynamic motion and interaction of atomic steps. While the (015) vicinal surface possesses zero polarization along the surface normal, a thermodynamic ground state is achieved when the in-plane polarization is fully compensated via the reconstruction of step-edge atoms; the step-edge La atoms are displaced from their ordinary atomic sites toward the adjacent Al step-edge sites, resulting in the formation of negatively charged La vacancies at the corresponding step edges. As confirmed by first-principles calculations, the observed step reconstruction of (015) vicinal surface can completely cancel both out-of-plane and in-plane electric fields. This hitherto unknown mechanism reveals the central role of step reconstruction in stabilizing a polar surface, providing valuable insights for understanding the novel charge compensation mechanism accompanied by the step reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Byun
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaolong Xing
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Seo
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekwang Lee
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
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13
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Comini N, Diulus JT, Parkinson GS, Osterwalder J, Novotny Z. Stability of Iridium Single Atoms on Fe 3O 4(001) in the mbar Pressure Range. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:19097-19106. [PMID: 37791099 PMCID: PMC10544020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c03097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Stable single metal adatoms on oxide surfaces are of great interest for future applications in the field of catalysis. We studied iridium single atoms (Ir1) supported on a Fe3O4(001) single crystal, a model system previously only studied in ultra-high vacuum, to explore their behavior upon exposure to several gases in the millibar range (up to 20 mbar) utilizing ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Ir1 single adatoms appear stable upon exposure to a variety of common gases at room temperature, including oxygen (O2), hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), carbon monoxide (CO), argon (Ar), and water vapor. Changes in the Ir 4f binding energy suggest that Ir1 interacts not only with adsorbed and dissociated molecules but also with water/OH groups and adventitious carbon species deposited inevitably under these pressure conditions. At higher temperatures (473 K), iridium adatom encapsulation takes place in an oxidizing environment (a partial O2 pressure of 0.1 mbar). We attribute this phenomenon to magnetite growth caused by the enhanced diffusion of iron cations near the surface. These findings provide an initial understanding of the behavior of single atoms on metal oxides outside the UHV regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolo Comini
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Swiss
Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - J. Trey Diulus
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Swiss
Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | | | - Jürg Osterwalder
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Zbynek Novotny
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Swiss
Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
- EMPA,
Laboratory for Joining Technologies and Corrosion, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
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14
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Puntscher L, Sombut P, Wang C, Ulreich M, Pavelec J, Rafsanjani-Abbasi A, Meier M, Lagin A, Setvin M, Diebold U, Franchini C, Schmid M, Parkinson GS. A Multitechnique Study of C 2H 4 Adsorption on Fe 3O 4(001). THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:18378-18388. [PMID: 37752903 PMCID: PMC10518864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c03684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption/desorption of ethene (C2H4), also commonly known as ethylene, on Fe3O4(001) was studied under ultrahigh vacuum conditions using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT)-based computations. To interpret the TPD data, we have employed a new analysis method based on equilibrium thermodynamics. C2H4 adsorbs intact at all coverages and interacts most strongly with surface defects such as antiphase domain boundaries and Fe adatoms. On the regular surface, C2H4 binds atop surface Fe sites up to a coverage of 2 molecules per (√2 × √2)R45° unit cell, with every second Fe occupied. A desorption energy of 0.36 eV is determined by analysis of the TPD spectra at this coverage, which is approximately 0.1-0.2 eV lower than the value calculated by DFT + U with van der Waals corrections. Additional molecules are accommodated in between the Fe rows. These are stabilized by attractive interactions with the molecules adsorbed at Fe sites. The total capacity of the surface for C2H4 adsorption is found to be close to 4 molecules per (√2 × √2)R45° unit cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Puntscher
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | | | - Chunlei Wang
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Manuel Ulreich
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Jiri Pavelec
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | | | - Matthias Meier
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
- Faculty
of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Adam Lagin
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Martin Setvin
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
- Department
of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of
Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague 180 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Cesare Franchini
- Faculty
of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Astronomia, Università
di Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
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15
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Gürsoy E, Vonbun-Feldbauer GB, Meißner RH. Oxidation-State Dynamics and Emerging Patterns in Magnetite. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:6800-6807. [PMID: 37479223 PMCID: PMC10405268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite is an important mineral with many interesting applications related to its magnetic, electrical, and thermal properties. Typically studied by electronic structure calculations, these methods are unable to capture the complex ion dynamics at relevant temperatures, time, and length scales. We present a hybrid Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics (MC/MD) method based on iron oxidation-state swapping for accurate atomistic modeling of bulk magnetite, magnetite surfaces, and nanoparticles that captures the complex ionic dynamics. By comparing the oxidation-state patterns with those obtained from density functional theory, we confirmed the accuracy of our approach. Lattice distortions leading to the stabilization of excess charges and a critical surface thickness at which the oxidation states transition from ordered to disordered were observed. This simple yet efficient approach paves the way for elucidating aspects of oxidation-state ordering of inverse spinel structures in general and battery materials in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Gürsoy
- Institute
of Polymers and Composites, Hamburg University
of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Robert H. Meißner
- Institute
of Polymers and Composites, Hamburg University
of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute
of Surface Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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16
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Wu H, Li G, Hou J, Sotthewes K. Probing surface properties of organic molecular layers by scanning tunneling microscopy. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 318:102956. [PMID: 37393823 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In view of the relevance of organic thin layers in many fields, the fundamentals, growth mechanisms, and dynamics of thin organic layers, in particular thiol-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au(111) are systematically elaborated. From both theoretical and practical perspectives, dynamical and structural features of the SAMs are of great intrigue. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a remarkably powerful technique employed in the characterization of SAMs. Numerous research examples of investigation about the structural and dynamical properties of SAMs using STM, sometimes combined with other techniques, are listed in the review. Advanced options to enhance the time resolution of STM are discussed. Additionally, we elaborate on the extremely diverse dynamics of various SAMs, such as phase transitions and structural changes at the molecular level. In brief, the current review is expected to supply a better understanding and novel insights regarding the dynamical events happening in organic SAMs and how to characterize these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China; Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Genglin Li
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jirui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China; Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Kai Sotthewes
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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17
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Mu W, Ma S, Chen H, Liu T, Long J, Zeng Q, Li X. Quantifying the Two-Dimensional Driving Patterns of Chemisorbed Oxygen and Particle Size on NO Reduction Activity and Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37452748 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantification in the driving patterns of activity descriptors on structure-activity relationships and reaction mechanisms over heterogeneous catalysts is still a great challenge and needs to be addressed urgently. Herein, with the example of typical Mn-based catalysts, based on the activity regularity and many characterizations, the chemisorbed oxygen density (ρOβ) and particle size (dTEM) have been proposed as the two-dimensional descriptors for selective catalytic reduction of NO, whose role is in quantifying the contents of vacancy defects and the amounts of active sites located on terraces or interfaces, respectively. They can be utilized to construct and quantify the driving patterns for the structure-activity relationships and reaction mechanisms of NO reduction. As a consequence, a complementary modulation for Ea by ρOβ and dTEM is described quantitatively in terms of the fitted functions. Moreover, based on the structure-activity relationships and the quantification laws of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), the reaction efficiency (RE) of the specific combined NOx-intermediate is identified as the trigger to drive the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism and modulated by the descriptors complementally and collaboratively following the fitted quantification functions. Either of the two descriptors at its lower values plays a dominant role in regulating Ea and RE, and the dominant factor evolves progressively: dTEM ↔ coupling dTEM with ρOβ ↔ ρOβ, when the dependency of Ea and RE on the descriptors is adopted to identify the dominant factor and domains. Therefore, this work has quantitatively accounted for the essence of activity modulation and may provide insight into the quantitative driving patterns for reaction activity and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Mu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Shichao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jinxing Long
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xuehui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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18
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Kaiser S, Plansky J, Krinninger M, Shavorskiy A, Zhu S, Heiz U, Esch F, Lechner BAJ. Does Cluster Encapsulation Inhibit Sintering? Stabilization of Size-Selected Pt Clusters on Fe 3O 4(001) by SMSI. ACS Catal 2023; 13:6203-6213. [PMID: 37180966 PMCID: PMC10167661 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The metastability of supported metal nanoparticles limits their application in heterogeneous catalysis at elevated temperatures due to their tendency to sinter. One strategy to overcome these thermodynamic limits on reducible oxide supports is encapsulation via strong metal-support interaction (SMSI). While annealing-induced encapsulation is a well-explored phenomenon for extended nanoparticles, it is as yet unknown whether the same mechanisms hold for subnanometer clusters, where concomitant sintering and alloying might play a significant role. In this article, we explore the encapsulation and stability of size-selected Pt5, Pt10, and Pt19 clusters deposited on Fe3O4(001). In a multimodal approach using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we demonstrate that SMSI indeed leads to the formation of a defective, FeO-like conglomerate encapsulating the clusters. By stepwise annealing up to 1023 K, we observe the succession of encapsulation, cluster coalescence, and Ostwald ripening, resulting in square-shaped crystalline Pt particles, independent of the initial cluster size. The respective sintering onset temperatures scale with the cluster footprint and thus size. Remarkably, while small encapsulated clusters can still diffuse as a whole, atom detachment and thus Ostwald ripening are successfully suppressed up to 823 K, i.e., 200 K above the Hüttig temperature that indicates the thermodynamic stability limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kaiser
- Chair
of Physical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Department of
Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johanna Plansky
- Functional
Nanomaterials Group and Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry,
School of Natural Sciences, Technical University
of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Matthias Krinninger
- Functional
Nanomaterials Group and Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry,
School of Natural Sciences, Technical University
of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Suyun Zhu
- MAX
IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Ueli Heiz
- Chair
of Physical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Department of
Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Friedrich Esch
- Chair
of Physical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Department of
Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Barbara A. J. Lechner
- Functional
Nanomaterials Group and Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry,
School of Natural Sciences, Technical University
of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Institute
for Advanced Study, Technical University
of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße
2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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19
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Bianchetti E, Oliveira AF, Scheinost AC, Di Valentin C, Seifert G. Chemistry of the Interaction and Retention of Tc VII and Tc IV Species at the Fe 3O 4(001) Surface. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:7674-7682. [PMID: 37144042 PMCID: PMC10150389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The pertechnetate ion TcVIIO4 - is a nuclear fission product whose major issue is the high mobility in the environment. Experimentally, it is well known that Fe3O4 can reduce TcVIIO4 - to TcIV species and retain such products quickly and completely, but the exact nature of the redox process and products is not completely understood. Therefore, we investigated the chemistry of TcVIIO4 - and TcIV species at the Fe3O4(001) surface through a hybrid DFT functional (HSE06) method. We studied a possible initiation step of the TcVII reduction process. The interaction of the TcVIIO4 - ion with the magnetite surface leads to the formation of a reduced TcVI species without any change in the Tc coordination sphere through an electron transfer that is favored by the magnetite surfaces with a higher FeII content. Furthermore, we explored various model structures for the immobilized TcIV final products. TcIV can be incorporated into a subsurface octahedral site or adsorbed on the surface in the form of TcIVO2·xH2O chains. We propose and discuss three model structures for the adsorbed TcIVO2·2H2O chains in terms of relative energies and simulated EXAFS spectra. Our results suggest that the periodicity of the Fe3O4(001) surface matches that of the TcO2·2H2O chains. The EXAFS analysis suggests that, in experiments, TcO2·xH2O chains were probably not formed as an inner-shell adsorption complex with the Fe3O4(001) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bianchetti
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, Via
Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Augusto F. Oliveira
- Institute
of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
(HZDR), Forschungsstelle Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Theoretische
Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstr. 66c, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas C. Scheinost
- Institute
of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
(HZDR), Bautzner Landstr.
400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- The
Rossendorf Beamline (ROBL) European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
(ESRF), Avenue des Martyrs
71, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, Via
Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
- BioNanoMedicine
Center NANOMIB, Università di Milano
Bicocca, Via Raoul Follereau
3, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Gotthard Seifert
- Theoretische
Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstr. 66c, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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20
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Bianchetti E, Perilli D, Di Valentin C. Improving the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Fe 3O 4(001) with Single-Atom Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023; 13:4811-4823. [PMID: 37066046 PMCID: PMC10088028 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Doping magnetite surfaces with transition-metal atoms is a promising strategy to improve the catalytic performance toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which governs the overall efficiency of water electrolysis and hydrogen production. In this work, we investigated the Fe3O4(001) surface as a support material for single-atom catalysts of the OER. First, we prepared and optimized models of inexpensive and abundant transition-metal atoms, such as Ti, Co, Ni, and Cu, trapped in various configurations on the Fe3O4(001) surface. Then, we studied their structural, electronic, and magnetic properties through HSE06 hybrid functional calculations. As a further step, we investigated the performance of these model electrocatalysts toward the OER, considering different possible mechanisms, in comparison with the pristine magnetite surface, on the basis of the computational hydrogen electrode model developed by Nørskov and co-workers. Cobalt-doped systems were found to be the most promising electrocatalytic systems among those considered in this work. Overpotential values (∼0.35 V) were in the range of those experimentally reported for mixed Co/Fe oxide (0.2-0.5 V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bianchetti
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Perilli
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
- BioNanoMedicine
Center NANOMIB, Università di Milano
Bicocca, Via Raoul Follereau
3, 20900 Monza, Italy
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21
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Kraushofer F, Meier M, Jakub Z, Hütner J, Balajka J, Hulva J, Schmid M, Franchini C, Diebold U, Parkinson GS. Oxygen-Terminated (1 × 1) Reconstruction of Reduced Magnetite Fe 3O 4(111). J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3258-3265. [PMID: 36976170 PMCID: PMC10084462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The (111) facet of magnetite (Fe3O4) has been studied extensively by experimental and theoretical methods, but controversy remains regarding the structure of its low-energy surface terminations. Using density functional theory (DFT) computations, we demonstrate three reconstructions that are more favorable than the accepted Feoct2 termination under reducing conditions. All three structures change the coordination of iron in the kagome Feoct1 layer to be tetrahedral. With atomically resolved microscopy techniques, we show that the termination that coexists with the Fetet1 termination consists of tetrahedral iron capped by 3-fold coordinated oxygen atoms. This structure explains the inert nature of the reduced patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kraushofer
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Matthias Meier
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center
for Computational Materials Science, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Zdeněk Jakub
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Johanna Hütner
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Jan Balajka
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Jan Hulva
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Cesare Franchini
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center
for Computational Materials Science, 1090 Wien, Austria
- Alma
Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Gareth S. Parkinson
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria
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22
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Supercapacitor Performance of Magnetite Nanoparticles Enhanced by a Catecholate Dispersant: Experiment and Theory. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041562. [PMID: 36838550 PMCID: PMC9964791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The full potential of Fe3O4 for supercapacitor applications can be achieved by addressing challenges in colloidal fabrication of high active mass electrodes. Exceptional adsorption properties of catecholate-type 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) molecules are explored for surface modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to enhance their colloidal dispersion as verified by sedimentation test results and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. Electrodes prepared in the presence of DHBA show nearly double capacitance at slow charging rates as compared to the control samples without the dispersant or with benzoic acid as a non-catecholate dispersant. Such electrodes with active mass of 40 mg cm-2 show a capacitance of 4.59 F cm-2 from cyclic voltammetry data at a scan rate of 2 mV s-1 and 4.72 F cm-2 from galvanostatic charge-discharge data at a current density of 3 mA cm-2. Experimental results are corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) analysis of adsorption behaviour of DHBA and benzoic acid at the (001) surface of Fe3O4. The strongest adsorption energy (ca. -1.8 eV per molecule) is due to the catechol group of DHBA. DFT analysis provides understanding of the basic mechanism of DHBA adsorption on the surface of nanoparticles and opens the way for fabrication of electrodes with high capacitance.
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23
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Adsorption of oleic acid on magnetite facets. Commun Chem 2022; 5:134. [PMID: 36697717 PMCID: PMC9814498 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00741-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The microscopic understanding of the atomic structure and interaction at carboxylic acid/oxide interfaces is an important step towards tailoring the mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials assembled from metal oxide nanoparticles functionalized by organic molecules. We have studied the adsorption of oleic acid (C17H33COOH) on the most prominent magnetite (001) and (111) crystal facets at room temperature using low energy electron diffraction, surface X-ray diffraction and infrared vibrational spectroscopy complemented with molecular dynamics simulations used to infer specific hydrogen bonding motifs between oleic acid and oleate. Our experimental and theoretical results give evidence that oleic acid adsorbs dissociatively on both facets at lower coverages. At higher coverages, the more pronounced molecular adsorption causes hydrogen bond formation between the carboxylic groups, leading to a more upright orientation of the molecules on the (111) facet in conjunction with the formation of a denser layer, as compared to the (001) facet. This is evidenced by the C=O double bond infrared line shape, in depth molecular dynamics bond angle orientation and hydrogen bond analysis, as well as X-ray reflectivity layer electron density profile determination. Such a higher density can explain the higher mechanical strength of nanocomposite materials based on magnetite nanoparticles with larger (111) facets.
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24
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Bianchetti E, Di Valentin C. Effect of Surface Functionalization on the Magnetization of Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles by Hybrid Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9348-9354. [PMID: 36190176 PMCID: PMC9575150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface functionalization is found to prevent the reduction of saturation magnetization in magnetite nanoparticles, but the underlying mechanism is still to be clarified. Through a wide set of hybrid density functional theory (HSE06) calculations on Fe3O4 nanocubes, we explore the effects of the adsorption of various ligands (containing hydroxyl, carboxylic, phosphonic, catechol, and silanetriol groups), commonly used to anchor surfactants during synthesis or other species during chemical reactions, onto the spin and structural disorder, which contributes to the lowering of the nanoparticle magnetization. The spin-canting is simulated through a spin-flip process at octahedral Fe ions and correlated with the energy separation between O2- 2p and FeOct3+ 3d states. Only multidentate bridging ligands hamper the spin-canting process by establishing additional electronic channels between octahedral Fe ions for an enhanced ferromagnetic superexchange interaction. The presence of anchoring organic acids also interferes with structural disorder, by disfavoring surface reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bianchetti
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, Via Cozzi 55, 20125Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, Via Cozzi 55, 20125Milano, Italy
- BioNanoMedicine
Center NANOMIB, Università di Milano
Bicocca, 20900Monza, Italy
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25
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Vacancy driven surface disorder catalyzes anisotropic evaporation of ZnO (0001) polar surface. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5616. [PMID: 36153312 PMCID: PMC9509323 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaporation and crystal growth rates of ZnO are highly anisotropic and are fastest on the Zn-terminated ZnO (0001) polar surface. Herein, we study this behavior by direct atomic-scale observations and simulations of the dynamic processes of the ZnO (0001) polar surface during evaporation. The evaporation of the (0001) polar surface is accelerated dramatically at around 300 °C with the spontaneous formation of a few nanometer-thick quasi-liquid layer. This structurally disordered and chemically Zn-deficient quasi-liquid is derived from the formation and inward diffusion of Zn vacancies that stabilize the (0001) polar surface. The quasi-liquid controls the dissociative evaporation of ZnO with establishing steady state reactions with Zn and O2 vapors and the underlying ZnO crystal; while the quasi-liquid catalyzes the disordering of ZnO lattice by injecting Zn vacancies, it facilitates the desorption of O2 molecules. This study reveals that the polarity-driven surface disorder is the key structural feature driving the fast anisotropic evaporation and crystal growth of ZnO nanostructures along the [0001] direction. Evaporation and crystal growth occur at different rates on different surfaces. Here authors show dissociative evaporation from ZnO (0001) polar surfaces is accelerated by the formation of a Zn-deficient quasi-liquid layer derived from the formation and inward diffusion of Zn vacancies that stabilize the polar surface.
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26
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Abstract
The field of single-atom catalysis (SAC) has expanded greatly in recent years. While there has been much success developing new synthesis methods, a fundamental disconnect exists between most experiments and the theoretical computations used to model them. The real catalysts are based on powder supports, which inevitably contain a multitude of different facets, different surface sites, defects, hydroxyl groups, and other contaminants due to the environment. This makes it extremely difficult to determine the structure of the active SAC site using current techniques. To be tractable, computations aimed at modeling SAC utilize periodic boundary conditions and low-index facets of an idealized support. Thus, the reaction barriers and mechanisms determined computationally represent, at best, a plausibility argument, and there is a strong chance that some critical aspect is omitted. One way to better understand what is plausible is by experimental modeling, i.e., comparing the results of computations to experiments based on precisely defined single-crystalline supports prepared in an ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) environment. In this review, we report the status of the surface-science literature as it pertains to SAC. We focus on experimental work on supports where the site of the metal atom are unambiguously determined from experiment, in particular, the surfaces of rutile and anatase TiO2, the iron oxides Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, as well as CeO2 and MgO. Much of this work is based on scanning probe microscopy in conjunction with spectroscopy, and we highlight the remarkably few studies in which metal atoms are stable on low-index surfaces of typical supports. In the Perspective section, we discuss the possibility for expanding such studies into other relevant supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kraushofer
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universitat Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gareth S Parkinson
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universitat Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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27
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Zhou H, Wu X, Gong X. Structural Shrinking and Rotation Decrease Quasi Surface Tension for Polar CeO
2
(100). ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Qing Gong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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28
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Liu Y, Han Z, Gewinner S, Schöllkopf W, Levchenko SV, Kuhlenbeck H, Roldan Cuenya B. Adatom Bonding Sites in a Nickel‐Fe
3
O
4
(001) Single‐Atom Model Catalyst and O
2
Reactivity Unveiled by Surface Action Spectroscopy with Infrared Free‐Electron Laser Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Interface Science Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Zhongkang Han
- Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Bolshoy Blvd. 30/1 121205 Moscow Russia
| | - Sandy Gewinner
- Molecular Physics Department Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Molecular Physics Department Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Sergey V. Levchenko
- Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Bolshoy Blvd. 30/1 121205 Moscow Russia
| | - Helmut Kuhlenbeck
- Department of Interface Science Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
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29
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Liu Y, Han Z, Gewinner S, Schöllkopf W, Levchenko SV, Kuhlenbeck H, Roldan Cuenya B. Adatom Bonding Sites in a Nickel-Fe 3 O 4 (001) Single-Atom Model Catalyst and O 2 Reactivity Unveiled by Surface Action Spectroscopy with Infrared Free-Electron Laser Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202561. [PMID: 35502625 PMCID: PMC9400859 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Single-atom (SA) catalysis presently receives much attention with its promise to decrease the cost of the active material while increasing the catalyst's performance. However, key details such as the exact location of SA species and their stability are often unclear due to a lack of atomic level information. Here, we show how vibrational spectra measured with surface action spectroscopy (SAS) and density functional theory (DFT) simulations can differentiate between different adatom binding sites and determine the location of Ni and Au single atoms on Fe3 O4 (001). We reveal that Ni and Au adatoms selectively bind to surface oxygen ions which are octahedrally coordinated to Fe ions. In addition, we find that the Ni adatoms can activate O2 to superoxide in contrast to the bare surface and Ni in subsurface positions. Overall, we unveil the advantages of combining SAS and DFT for improving the understanding of single-atom catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhongkang Han
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd. 30/1, 121205, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sandy Gewinner
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergey V Levchenko
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd. 30/1, 121205, Moscow, Russia
| | - Helmut Kuhlenbeck
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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30
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Meier M, Hulva J, Jakub Z, Kraushofer F, Bobić M, Bliem R, Setvin M, Schmid M, Diebold U, Franchini C, Parkinson GS. CO oxidation by Pt 2/Fe 3O 4: Metastable dimer and support configurations facilitate lattice oxygen extraction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn4580. [PMID: 35363523 PMCID: PMC10938578 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysts based on subnanometer metal clusters often exhibit strongly size-dependent properties, and the addition or removal of a single atom can make all the difference. Identifying the most active species and deciphering the reaction mechanism is extremely difficult, however, because it is often not clear how the catalyst evolves in operando. Here, we use a combination of atomically resolved scanning probe microscopies, spectroscopic techniques, and density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations to study CO oxidation by a model Pt/Fe3O4(001) "single-atom" catalyst. We demonstrate that (PtCO)2 dimers, formed dynamically through the agglomeration of mobile Pt-carbonyl species, catalyze a reaction involving the oxide support to form CO2. Pt2 dimers produce one CO2 molecule before falling apart into two adatoms, releasing the second CO. Olattice extraction only becomes facile when both the Pt-dimer and the Fe3O4 support can access metastable configurations, suggesting that substantial, concerted rearrangements of both cluster and support must be considered for reactions occurring at elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Meier
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Computational Materials Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Hulva
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zdenek Jakub
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mislav Bobić
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Bliem
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Setvin
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Cesare Franchini
- Computational Materials Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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31
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Abstract
Metal Fe is one of the phases existing on iron-based catalysts for a high-temperature water gas shift reaction (WGSR), but research on the activity of metal Fe in WGSR is almost not reported. In this work, the density functional theory (DFT) method was used to systematically study the reaction activity and mechanisms of WGSR on metal Fe (110), including the dissociation of H2O, the transformation of CO and the formation of H2, as well as the analysis of surface electronic properties. The results show that (1) the direct dissociation of H2O occurs easily on Fe (110) and the energy barrier is less than 0.9 eV; (2) the generation of CO2 is difficult and its energy barrier is above 1.8 eV; (3) H migrates easily on the Fe surface and the formation of H2 also occurs with an energy barrier of 1.47 eV. Combined with the results of Fe3O4, it can be concluded that the active phase should be Fe3O4 with O vacancy defects, and the iron-rich region plays an important role in promoting the formation of H2 in WGSR.
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32
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Ryan PTP, Payne DJ, Lee TL, Duncan DA. Quantitative structure determination of adsorbed formate and surface hydroxyls on Fe 3O 4(001). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:488-496. [PMID: 34901978 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04241f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using the chemically specific techniques of normal incidence X-ray standing waves and photoelectron diffraction, we have investigated the dissociative adsorption of formic acid on the Fe3O4(001) surface, specifically probing the local structures of both the adsorbed formate and resulting surface hydroxyl. Using model independent direct methods, we reinforce the observations of a previous surface X-ray diffraction study that the formate molecule adsorbs with both oxygens atop octahedrally coordinated surface Fe cations and that ∼60% of the formate is adsorbed in the so called tet site. We additionally determine, for the first time, that the surface hydroxyl species are found at the so called int site. This confirms previous DFT predictions and reinforces the pivotal role the surface hydroxyl plays in lifting the subsurface cation vacancy termination of the Fe3O4(001) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T P Ryan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK. .,Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - D J Payne
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - T-L Lee
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK.
| | - D A Duncan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK.
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33
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Jakub Z, Meier M, Kraushofer F, Balajka J, Pavelec J, Schmid M, Franchini C, Diebold U, Parkinson GS. Rapid oxygen exchange between hematite and water vapor. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6488. [PMID: 34759277 PMCID: PMC8580966 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen exchange at oxide/liquid and oxide/gas interfaces is important in technology and environmental studies, as it is closely linked to both catalytic activity and material degradation. The atomic-scale details are mostly unknown, however, and are often ascribed to poorly defined defects in the crystal lattice. Here we show that even thermodynamically stable, well-ordered surfaces can be surprisingly reactive. Specifically, we show that all the 3-fold coordinated lattice oxygen atoms on a defect-free single-crystalline "r-cut" ([Formula: see text]) surface of hematite (α-Fe2O3) are exchanged with oxygen from surrounding water vapor within minutes at temperatures below 70 °C, while the atomic-scale surface structure is unperturbed by the process. A similar behavior is observed after liquid-water exposure, but the experimental data clearly show most of the exchange happens during desorption of the final monolayer, not during immersion. Density functional theory computations show that the exchange can happen during on-surface diffusion, where the cost of the lattice oxygen extraction is compensated by the stability of an HO-HOH-OH complex. Such insights into lattice oxygen stability are highly relevant for many research fields ranging from catalysis and hydrogen production to geochemistry and paleoclimatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Jakub
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Meier
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jan Balajka
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiri Pavelec
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Cesare Franchini
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, Vienna, Austria
- Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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34
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Liu X, Ma Z, Meng Y, Ma YJ, Wen XD. First-principles study on the mechanism of water-gas shift reaction on the Fe3O4 (111)-Fetet1. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Mu Y, Wang T, Zhang J, Meng C, Zhang Y, Kou Z. Single-Atom Catalysts: Advances and Challenges in Metal-Support Interactions for Enhanced Electrocatalysis. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-021-00124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Buchner F, Fuchs S, Behm RJ. UHV preparation and electrochemical/-catalytic properties of well-defined Co– and Fe-containing unary and binary oxide model cathodes for the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reaction in Zn-air batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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37
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Ni-modified Fe3O4(001) surface as a simple model system for understanding the oxygen evolution reaction. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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38
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Zhai P, Xia M, Wu Y, Zhang G, Gao J, Zhang B, Cao S, Zhang Y, Li Z, Fan Z, Wang C, Zhang X, Miller JT, Sun L, Hou J. Engineering single-atomic ruthenium catalytic sites on defective nickel-iron layered double hydroxide for overall water splitting. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4587. [PMID: 34321467 PMCID: PMC8319438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rational design of single atom catalyst is critical for efficient sustainable energy conversion. However, the atomic-level control of active sites is essential for electrocatalytic materials in alkaline electrolyte. Moreover, well-defined surface structures lead to in-depth understanding of catalytic mechanisms. Herein, we report a single-atomic-site ruthenium stabilized on defective nickel-iron layered double hydroxide nanosheets (Ru1/D-NiFe LDH). Under precise regulation of local coordination environments of catalytically active sites and the existence of the defects, Ru1/D-NiFe LDH delivers an ultralow overpotential of 18 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for hydrogen evolution reaction, surpassing the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Density functional theory calculations reveal that Ru1/D-NiFe LDH optimizes the adsorption energies of intermediates for hydrogen evolution reaction and promotes the O–O coupling at a Ru–O active site for oxygen evolution reaction. The Ru1/D-NiFe LDH as an ideal model reveals superior water splitting performance with potential for the development of promising water-alkali electrocatalysts. Rational design of single atom catalyst is critical for efficient sustainable energy conversion. Single-atomic-site ruthenium stabilized on defective nickel-iron layered double hydroxide nanosheets achieve superior HER and OER performance in alkaline media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panlong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Mingyue Xia
- Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
| | - Yunzhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Shuyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhaozhong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jeffrey T Miller
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Licheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.,Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jungang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
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39
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Kaiser S, Maleki F, Zhang K, Harbich W, Heiz U, Tosoni S, Lechner BAJ, Pacchioni G, Esch F. Cluster Catalysis with Lattice Oxygen: Tracing Oxygen Transport from a Magnetite (001) Support onto Small Pt Clusters. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kaiser
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Farahnaz Maleki
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Ke Zhang
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Harbich
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ueli Heiz
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sergio Tosoni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara A. J. Lechner
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Friedrich Esch
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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40
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Liu S, Liu L, Cheng Z, Zhu J, Yu R. Surface Structures of Mn 3O 4 and the Partition of Oxidation States of Mn. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5675-5681. [PMID: 34114819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Mn(III) ions at Mn3O4 surface are hypothesized to contribute to catalytic activity in oxygen reduction reaction. However, the surface structure and stability of Mn3O4 are far less understood. Here, the atomic structures of the widespread (101) and (001) surfaces of Mn3O4 are determined by combining aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy and DFT calculations. The surface stabilization mechanisms and the oxidation states of Mn are revealed and correlated to the catalytic activity of the surfaces. The results show that the (101) surface undergoes a subsurface reconstruction, forming a rock-salt-type surface layer. The Mn(III) ions are in the outermost layer of the (001) surface but in the subsurface of the (101) surface. The surface partition of the Mn(III) ions provides a microscopic understanding to the observed higher catalytic activity of the (001) surface relative to the (101) surface and would contribute to further development of novel catalysts based on Mn3O4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Liu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Linhan Liu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhiying Cheng
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Rong Yu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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41
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Sun Y, Ma Q, Ge Q, Sun J. Tunable Synthesis of Ethanol or Methyl Acetate via Dimethyl Oxalate Hydrogenation on Confined Iron Catalysts. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Sun
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Qingjie Ge
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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42
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Zhu Y, Yuk SF, Zheng J, Nguyen MT, Lee MS, Szanyi J, Kovarik L, Zhu Z, Balasubramanian M, Glezakou VA, Fulton JL, Lercher JA, Rousseau R, Gutiérrez OY. Environment of Metal–O–Fe Bonds Enabling High Activity in CO2 Reduction on Single Metal Atoms and on Supported Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5540-5549. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhu
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Simuck F. Yuk
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jian Zheng
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Manh-Thuong Nguyen
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Mal-Soon Lee
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Janos Szanyi
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Libor Kovarik
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Zihua Zhu
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | | | - Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - John L. Fulton
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Johannes A. Lercher
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Roger Rousseau
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Oliver Y. Gutiérrez
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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43
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Hulva J, Meier M, Bliem R, Jakub Z, Kraushofer F, Schmid M, Diebold U, Franchini C, Parkinson GS. Unraveling CO adsorption on model single-atom catalysts. Science 2021; 371:375-379. [PMID: 33479148 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe5757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how the local environment of a "single-atom" catalyst affects stability and reactivity remains a challenge. We present an in-depth study of copper1, silver1, gold1, nickel1, palladium1, platinum1, rhodium1, and iridium1 species on Fe3O4(001), a model support in which all metals occupy the same twofold-coordinated adsorption site upon deposition at room temperature. Surface science techniques revealed that CO adsorption strength at single metal sites differs from the respective metal surfaces and supported clusters. Charge transfer into the support modifies the d-states of the metal atom and the strength of the metal-CO bond. These effects could strengthen the bond (as for Ag1-CO) or weaken it (as for Ni1-CO), but CO-induced structural distortions reduce adsorption energies from those expected on the basis of electronic structure alone. The extent of the relaxations depends on the local geometry and could be predicted by analogy to coordination chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hulva
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Meier
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.,Computational Materials Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Bliem
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zdenek Jakub
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Cesare Franchini
- Computational Materials Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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44
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Siani P, Bianchetti E, Liu H, Di Valentin C. Parametrization of the Fe-O water cross-interaction for a more accurate Fe 3O 4/water interface model and its application to a spherical Fe 3O 4 nanoparticle of realistic size. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:034702. [PMID: 33499628 DOI: 10.1063/5.0035678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate description of iron oxides/water interfaces requires reliable force field parameters that can be developed through comparison with sophisticated quantum mechanical calculations. Here, a set of CLASS2 force field parameters is optimized to describe the Fe-Owater cross-interaction through comparison with hybrid density functional theory (HSE06) calculations of the potential energy function for a single water molecule adsorbed on the Fe3O4 (001) surface and with density functional tight binding (DFTB+U) molecular dynamics simulations for a water trilayer on the same surface. The performance of the new parameters is assessed through the analysis of the number density profile of a water bulk (12 nm) sandwiched between two magnetite slabs of large surface area. Their transferability is tested for water adsorption on the curved surface of a spherical Fe3O4 nanoparticle of realistic size (2.5 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Siani
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Bianchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
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45
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Li X, Paier W, Paier J. Machine Learning in Computational Surface Science and Catalysis: Case Studies on Water and Metal-Oxide Interfaces. Front Chem 2021; 8:601029. [PMID: 33425857 PMCID: PMC7793815 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.601029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of many computational physicists and chemists is the ability to bridge the gap between atomistic length scales of about a few multiples of an Ångström (Å), i. e., 10−10 m, and meso- or macroscopic length scales by virtue of simulations. The same applies to timescales. Machine learning techniques appear to bring this goal into reach. This work applies the recently published on-the-fly machine-learned force field techniques using a variant of the Gaussian approximation potentials combined with Bayesian regression and molecular dynamics as efficiently implemented in the Vienna ab initio simulation package, VASP. The generation of these force fields follows active-learning schemes. We apply these force fields to simple oxides such as MgO and more complex reducible oxides such as iron oxide, examine their generalizability, and further increase complexity by studying water adsorption on these metal oxide surfaces. We successfully examined surface properties of pristine and reconstructed MgO and Fe3O4 surfaces. However, the accurate description of water–oxide interfaces by machine-learned force fields, especially for iron oxides, remains a field offering plenty of research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Li
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Paier
- Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute HHI, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Paier
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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46
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Capra M, Lodesani A, Brambilla A, Finazzi M, Duò L, Ciccacci F, Picone A. Reversible metamorphosis from Fe 3O 4 to FeO of epitaxial iron oxide films grown on the Fe-p(1 × 1)O surface. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11513-11518. [PMID: 35423610 PMCID: PMC8698807 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10650j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The reduction and oxidation of epitaxial Fe3O4 films grown by reactive deposition on a Fe-p(1 × 1)O surface have been investigated by means of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microcopy (STM). The as-grown iron oxide samples display a square LEED pattern with a lattice constant compatible with a p(1 × 1) bulk terminated Fe3O4(001) surface. STM topographic images of Fe3O4 are characterized by atomically flat terraces separated by highly oriented steps running along the (010) and (100) crystallographic directions of the substrate. Upon annealing at 800 K in an ultra-high vacuum, AES reveals that magnetite transforms to FeO. The sample exposes the (001) surface of the rock salt structure, with a lattice parameter close to that of bulk wüstite. The Fe3O4 phase can be recovered by oxidation at 10−6 mbar of molecular oxygen. The reduction and oxidation of epitaxial Fe3O4 films grown by reactive deposition on a Fe-p(1 × 1)O surface have been investigated by means of surface science techniques.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Capra
- Department of Physics
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - A. Lodesani
- Department of Physics
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - A. Brambilla
- Department of Physics
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - M. Finazzi
- Department of Physics
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - L. Duò
- Department of Physics
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - F. Ciccacci
- Department of Physics
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - A. Picone
- Department of Physics
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
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47
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Grumelli D, Wiegmann T, Barja S, Reikowski F, Maroun F, Allongue P, Balajka J, Parkinson GS, Diebold U, Kern K, Magnussen OM. Electrochemical Stability of the Reconstructed Fe 3 O 4 (001) Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21904-21908. [PMID: 32729209 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Establishing the atomic-scale structure of metal-oxide surfaces during electrochemical reactions is a key step to modeling this important class of electrocatalysts. Here, we demonstrate that the characteristic (√2×√2)R45° surface reconstruction formed on (001)-oriented magnetite single crystals is maintained after immersion in 0.1 M NaOH at 0.20 V vs. Ag/AgCl and we investigate its dependence on the electrode potential. We follow the evolution of the surface using in situ and operando surface X-ray diffraction from the onset of hydrogen evolution, to potentials deep in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) regime. The reconstruction remains stable for hours between -0.20 and 0.60 V and, surprisingly, is still present at anodic current densities of up to 10 mA cm-2 and strongly affects the OER kinetics. We attribute this to a stabilization of the Fe3 O4 bulk by the reconstructed surface. At more negative potentials, a gradual and largely irreversible lifting of the reconstruction is observed due to the onset of oxide reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Grumelli
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Fisicoquimcas Teoricas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentine
| | | | - Sara Barja
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Centro de Física de Materiales, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU-CSIC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Fouad Maroun
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Philippe Allongue
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jan Balajka
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Klaus Kern
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.,Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
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48
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Grumelli D, Wiegmann T, Barja S, Reikowski F, Maroun F, Allongue P, Balajka J, Parkinson GS, Diebold U, Kern K, Magnussen OM. Electrochemical Stability of the Reconstructed Fe
3
O
4
(001) Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doris Grumelli
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Fisicoquimcas Teoricas y Aplicadas Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET La Plata Argentine
| | | | - Sara Barja
- Departamento de Física de Materiales Centro de Física de Materiales University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU-CSIC) Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spain
| | | | - Fouad Maroun
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée CNRS, IP Paris 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Philippe Allongue
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée CNRS, IP Paris 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Jan Balajka
- Institute of Applied Physics TU Wien Vienna Austria
| | | | | | - Klaus Kern
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Stuttgart Germany
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland
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49
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Termination Effects in Aluminosilicate and Aluminogermanate Imogolite Nanotubes: A Density Functional Theory Study. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10111051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigate termination effects in aluminosilicate (AlSi) and aluminogermanate (AlGe) imogolite nanotubes (NTs) by means of semi-local and range-corrected hybrid Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations. Following screening and identification of the smallest finite model capable of accommodating full relaxation of the NT terminations around an otherwise geometrically and electrostatically unperturbed core region, we quantify and discuss the effects of physical truncation on the structure, relative energy, electrostatics and electronic properties of differently terminated, finite-size models of the NTs. In addition to composition-dependent changes in the valence (VB) and conduction band (CB) edges and resultant band gap (BG), the DFT simulations uncover longitudinal band bending and separation in the finite AlSi and AlGe models. Depending on the given termination of the NTs, such longitudinal effects manifest in conjunction with the radial band separation typical of fully periodic AlSi and AlGe NTs. The strong composition dependence of the longitudinal and radial band bending in AlSi and AlGe NTs suggests different mechanisms for the generation, relaxation and separation of photo-generated holes in AlSi and AlGe NTs, inviting further research in the untapped potential of imogolite compositional and structural flexibility for photo-catalytic applications.
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50
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Zhou Y, Song E, Chen W, Segre CU, Zhou J, Lin YC, Zhu C, Ma R, Liu P, Chu S, Thomas T, Yang M, Liu Q, Suenaga K, Liu Z, Liu J, Wang J. Dual-Metal Interbonding as the Chemical Facilitator for Single-Atom Dispersions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003484. [PMID: 33030787 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Atomically dispersed catalysts, with maximized atom utilization of expensive metal components and relatively stable ligand structures, offer high reactivity and selectivity. However, the formation of atomic-scale metals without aggregation remains a formidable challenge due to thermodynamic stabilization driving forces. Here, a top-down process is presented that starts from iron nanoparticles, using dual-metal interbonds (RhFe bonding) as a chemical facilitator to spontaneously convert Fe nanoparticles to single atoms at low temperatures. The presence of RhFe bonding between adjacent Fe and Rh single atoms contributes to the thermodynamic stability, which facilitates the stripping of a single Fe atom from the Fe nanoparticles, leading to the stabilized single atom. The dual single-atom Rh-Fe catalyst renders excellent electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction in an acidic electrolyte. This discovery of dual-metal interbonding as a chemical facilitator paves a novel route for atomic dispersion of chemical metals and the design of efficient catalysts at the atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Erhong Song
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Carlo U Segre
- Department of Physics & Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research and Instrumentation, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yung-Chang Lin
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Chao Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ruguang Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Pan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Shufen Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tiju Thomas
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India
| | - Minghui Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Qian Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kazu Suenaga
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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