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Whipple B, Miura TA, Hernandez-Vargas EA. Modeling the CD8+ T cell immune response to influenza infection in adult and aged mice. J Theor Biol 2024:111898. [PMID: 38996911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The CD8+ T cell response is the main determinant of viral clearance during influenza infection. However, influenza viral dynamics and the respective immune responses are affected by the host's age. To investigate age-related differences in the CD8+ T cell immune response dynamics, we propose an 16 ordinary differential equation models of existing experimental data. These data consist of viral titer and CD8+ T cell counts collected periodically over a period of 19 days from adult and aged mice infected with influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1). We use the corrected Akaike Information Criterion to identify the models which best represent the considered data. Our model selection process indicates differences in mechanisms which reduce the CD8+ T cell response: linear downregulation is favored for adult mice, while baseline exponential decay is favored for aged mice. Parameter fitting of the top ranked models suggests that the aged population has reduced CD8+ T cell proliferation compared to the adult population. More experimental work is needed to determine the specific immunological features through which age might cause these differences. A better understanding of the immunological mechanisms by which aging leads to discrepant CD8+ T cell dynamics may inform future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Whipple
- Department of Mathematics and Statistical Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States; Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States
| | - Tanya A Miura
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States; Institute for Modeling Collaboration and Innovation, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States
| | - Esteban A Hernandez-Vargas
- Department of Mathematics and Statistical Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States; Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States; Institute for Modeling Collaboration and Innovation, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, United States.
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2
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Wilson JE, Nikolich JŽ. Nurture over nature for old antitumor T cells. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:932-934. [PMID: 38745086 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin E Wilson
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Janko Ž Nikolich
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Aegis Consortium for Pandemic-free Future, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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3
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Kassem S, Hijazi N, Stein N, Zaina A, Ganaim M. Clinical outcomes of clostridioides difficile infection in the very elderly. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:1041-1049. [PMID: 38615301 PMCID: PMC11186863 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes considerable morbidity, mortality, and economic cost. Advanced age, prolonged stay in healthcare facility, and exposure to antibiotics are leading risk factors for CDI. Data on CDI clinical outcomes in the very elderly patients are limited. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized between 2016 and 2018 with CDI. We evaluated demographic clinical and laboratory parameters. Major clinical outcomes were evaluated including duration of hospital stay, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), in-hospital mortality, 30 days post-discharge mortality, and readmission/mortality composite outcome. We compared patients aged up to 80 years (elderly) to those of 80 years old or more (very elderly). RESULTS Of 196 patients included in the study, 112 (57%) were very elderly with a mean age of 86 versus 67 years in the elderly group. The duration of hospital stays, and intensive care unit admission frequency were significantly reduced in the very elderly (13 vs. 22 days p = 0.003 and 1.8% vs. 10.7% p = 0.01, respectively). No significant difference was found in the frequencies of in-hospital and in 30 days post-discharge mortality. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, the duration of hospital stay seemed to be shorter in the very elderly with no increase of in-hospital and post-discharge mortality. Although admitted less frequently to ICU, the in-hospital survival of the very elderly was not adversely affected compared to the elderly, suggesting that very advanced age per se should not be a major factor to consider in determining the prognosis of a patient with CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Kassem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Michal 7, 3436212, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Nizar Hijazi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Michal 7, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nili Stein
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adnan Zaina
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zvulon Medical Center, Clalit Health Services and Azrieli School of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Mohammad Ganaim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Michal 7, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
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Allsopp GL, Addinsall AB, Stephenson G, Basheer F, Gatta PAD, Hoffmann SM, Russell AP, Wright CR. The chronic leukocyte and inflammatory cytokine responses of older adults to resistance training in normobaric hypoxia; a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:102. [PMID: 38698481 PMCID: PMC11067184 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00890-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
TRIAL DESIGN Older adults experience chronic dysregulation of leukocytes and inflammatory cytokines, both at rest and in response to resistance training. Systemic hypoxia modulates leukocytes and cytokines, therefore this study characterized the effects of normobaric hypoxia on the leukocyte and cytokine responses of older adults to resistance training. METHODS 20 adults aged 60-70 years performed eight weeks of moderate-intensity resistance training in either normoxia or normobaric hypoxia (14.4% O2), consisting of two lower body and two upper body exercises. Venous blood was drawn before and after the training intervention and flow cytometry was used to quantify resting neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils, in addition to the subsets of lymphocytes (T, B and natural killer (NK) cells). Inflammatory cytokines were also quantified; interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Acute changes in leukocytes and cytokines were also measured in the 24 h following the last training session. RESULTS After the intervention there was a greater concentration of resting white blood cells (p = 0.03; 20.3% higher) T cells (p = 0.008; 25.4% higher), B cells (p = 0.004; 32.6% higher), NK cells (p = 0.012; 43.9% higher) and eosinophils (p = 0.025; 30.8% higher) in hypoxia compared to normoxia, though the cytokines were unchanged. No acute effect of hypoxia was detected in the 24 h following the last training session for any leukocyte population or inflammatory cytokine (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Hypoxic training caused higher concentrations of resting lymphocytes and eosinophils, when compared to normoxic training. Hypoxia may have an additional beneficial effect on the immunological status of older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). TRIAL NUMBER ACTRN12623001046695. Registered 27/9/2023. Retrospectively registered. All protocols adhere to the COSORT guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Larissa Allsopp
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Alex Bernard Addinsall
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Insitutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Garth Stephenson
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Faiza Basheer
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Adrian Della Gatta
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samantha May Hoffmann
- Centre for Sport Research (CSR), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aaron Paul Russell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig Robert Wright
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
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Kennard AL, Glasgow NJ, Rainsford SE, Talaulikar GS. Narrative Review: Clinical Implications and Assessment of Frailty in Patients With Advanced CKD. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:791-806. [PMID: 38765572 PMCID: PMC11101734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a multidimensional clinical syndrome characterized by low physical activity, reduced strength, accumulation of multiorgan deficits, decreased physiological reserve, and vulnerability to stressors. Frailty has key social, psychological, and cognitive implications. Frailty is accelerated by uremia, leading to a high prevalence of frailty in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) as well as contributing to adverse outcomes in this patient population. Frailty assessment is not routine in patients with CKD; however, a number of validated clinical assessment tools can assist in prognostication. Frailty assessment in nephrology populations supports shared decision-making and advanced communication and should inform key medical transitions. Frailty screening and interventions in CKD or ESKD are a developing research priority with a rapidly expanding literature base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice L. Kennard
- Department of Renal Medicine, Canberra Health Services, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Glasgow
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Suzanne E. Rainsford
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Girish S. Talaulikar
- Department of Renal Medicine, Canberra Health Services, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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6
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Smulders L, Deelen J. Genetics of human longevity: From variants to genes to pathways. J Intern Med 2024; 295:416-435. [PMID: 37941149 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The current increase in lifespan without an equivalent increase in healthspan poses a grave challenge to the healthcare system and a severe burden on society. However, some individuals seem to be able to live a long and healthy life without the occurrence of major debilitating chronic diseases, and part of this trait seems to be hidden in their genome. In this review, we discuss the findings from studies on the genetic component of human longevity and the main challenges accompanying these studies. We subsequently focus on results from genetic studies in model organisms and comparative genomic approaches to highlight the most important conserved longevity-associated pathways. By combining the results from studies using these different approaches, we conclude that only five main pathways have been consistently linked to longevity, namely (1) insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling, (2) DNA-damage response and repair, (3) immune function, (4) cholesterol metabolism and (5) telomere maintenance. As our current approaches to study the relevance of these pathways in humans are limited, we suggest that future studies on the genetics of human longevity should focus on the identification and functional characterization of rare genetic variants in genes involved in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Smulders
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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7
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Allué-Guardia A, Torrelles JB, Sigal A. Tuberculosis and COVID-19 in the elderly: factors driving a higher burden of disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1250198. [PMID: 37841265 PMCID: PMC10569613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1250198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and SARS-CoV-2 are both infections that can lead to severe disease in the lower lung. However, these two infections are caused by very different pathogens (Mycobacterium vs. virus), they have different mechanisms of pathogenesis and immune response, and differ in how long the infection lasts. Despite the differences, SARS-CoV-2 and M.tb share a common feature, which is also frequently observed in other respiratory infections: the burden of disease in the elderly is greater. Here, we discuss possible reasons for the higher burden in older adults, including the effect of co-morbidities, deterioration of the lung environment, auto-immunity, and a reduced antibody response. While the answer is likely to be multifactorial, understanding the main drivers across different infections may allow us to design broader interventions that increase the health-span of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- International Center for the Advancement of Research and Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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8
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Reyes A, Ortiz G, Duarte LF, Fernández C, Hernández-Armengol R, Palacios PA, Prado Y, Andrade CA, Rodriguez-Guilarte L, Kalergis AM, Simon F, Carreño LJ, Riedel CA, Cáceres M, González PA. Contribution of viral and bacterial infections to senescence and immunosenescence. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1229098. [PMID: 37753486 PMCID: PMC10518457 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1229098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a key biological process characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest. The accumulation of senescent cells creates a pro-inflammatory environment that can negatively affect tissue functions and may promote the development of aging-related diseases. Typical biomarkers related to senescence include senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, histone H2A.X phosphorylation at serine139 (γH2A.X), and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) with heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP-1γ protein) Moreover, immune cells undergoing senescence, which is known as immunosenescence, can affect innate and adaptative immune functions and may elicit detrimental effects over the host's susceptibility to infectious diseases. Although associations between senescence and pathogens have been reported, clear links between both, and the related molecular mechanisms involved remain to be determined. Furthermore, it remains to be determined whether infections effectively induce senescence, the impact of senescence and immunosenescence over infections, or if both events coincidently share common molecular markers, such as γH2A.X and p53. Here, we review and discuss the most recent reports that describe cellular hallmarks and biomarkers related to senescence in immune and non-immune cells in the context of infections, seeking to better understand their relationships. Related literature was searched in Pubmed and Google Scholar databases with search terms related to the sections and subsections of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reyes
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerardo Ortiz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa F. Duarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Fernández
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosario Hernández-Armengol
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. Palacios
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yolanda Prado
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina A. Andrade
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Linmar Rodriguez-Guilarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leandro J. Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Cáceres
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Elmers J, Colzato LS, Akgün K, Ziemssen T, Beste C. Neurofilaments - Small proteins of physiological significance and predictive power for future neurodegeneration and cognitive decline across the life span. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102037. [PMID: 37619618 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs) are not only important for axonal integrity and nerve conduction in large myelinated axons but they are also thought to be crucial for receptor and synaptic functioning. Therefore, NFs may play a critical role in cognitive functions, as cognitive processes are known to depend on synaptic integrity and are modulated by dopaminergic signaling. Here, we present a theory-driven interdisciplinary approach that NFs may link inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cognitive functions. We base our hypothesis on a wealth of evidence suggesting a causal link between inflammation and neurodegeneration and between these two and cognitive decline (see Fig. 1), also taking dopaminergic signaling into account. We conclude that NFs may not only serve as biomarkers for inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and cognitive processes but also represent a potential mechanical hinge between them, moreover, they may even have predictive power regarding future cognitive decline. In addition, we advocate the use of both NFs and MRI parameters, as their synthesis offers the opportunity to individualize medical treatment by providing a comprehensive view of underlying disease activity in neurological diseases. Since our society will become significantly older in the upcoming years and decades, maintaining cognitive functions and healthy aging will play an important role. Thanks to technological advances in recent decades, NFs could serve as a rapid, noninvasive, and relatively inexpensive early warning system to identify individuals at increased risk for cognitive decline and could facilitate the management of cognitive dysfunctions across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Elmers
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenza S Colzato
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Katja Akgün
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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Bröde P, Claus M, Gajewski PD, Getzmann S, Wascher E, Watzl C. From Immunosenescence to Aging Types-Establishing Reference Intervals for Immune Age Biomarkers by Centile Estimation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13186. [PMID: 37685992 PMCID: PMC10487963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunological aging type definition requires establishing reference intervals from the distribution of immunosenescence biomarkers conditional on age. For 1605 individuals (18-97 years), we determined the comprehensive immune age index IMMAX from flow-cytometry-based blood cell sub-populations and identified age-specific centiles by fitting generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape. The centiles were uncorrelated with age and facilitated the categorization of individuals as immunologically slow or fast aging types. Using its 50th percentile as a reference, we rescaled the IMMAX to equivalent years of life (EYOL) and computed the immunological age gap as the difference between EYOL and chronological age. Applied to preliminary baseline and follow-up measurements from 53 participants of the Dortmund Vital Study (Clinical-Trials.gov Identifier: NCT05155397), the averaged changes in the IMMAX and EYOL conformed to the 5-year follow-up period, whereas no significant changes occurred concerning IMMAX centiles and age gap. This suggested that the participants immunologically adapted to aging and kept their relative positions within the cohort. Sex was non-significant. Methodical comparisons indicated that future confirmatory analyses with the completed follow-up examinations could rely on percentile curves estimated by simple linear quantile regression, while the selection of the immunosenescence biomarker will greatly influence the outcome, with IMMAX representing the preferable choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bröde
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystraße 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany; (M.C.); (P.D.G.); (S.G.); (E.W.); (C.W.)
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11
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Moss CE, Phipps H, Wilson HL, Kiss-Toth E. Markers of the ageing macrophage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1222308. [PMID: 37520567 PMCID: PMC10373068 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1222308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ageing research is establishing macrophages as key immune system regulators that undergo functional decline. Due to heterogeneity between species and tissue populations, a plethora of data exist and the power of scientific conclusions can vary substantially. This meta-analysis by information content (MAIC) and systematic literature review (SLR) aims to determine overall changes in macrophage gene and protein expression, as well as function, with age. Methods PubMed was utilized to collate peer-reviewed literature relating to macrophage ageing. Primary studies comparing macrophages in at least two age groups were included. Data pertaining to gene or protein expression alongside method used were extracted for MAIC analysis. For SLR analysis, data included all macrophage-specific changes with age, as well as species, ontogeny and age of groups assessed. Results A total of 240 studies were included; 122 of which qualified for MAIC. The majority of papers focussed on changes in macrophage count/infiltration as a function of age, followed by gene and protein expression. The MAIC found iNOS and TNF to be the most commonly investigated entities, with 328 genes and 175 proteins showing consistent dysregulation with age across the literature. Overall findings indicate that cytokine secretion and phagocytosis are reduced and reactive oxygen species production is increased in the ageing macrophage. Discussion Collectively, our analysis identifies critical regulators in macrophage ageing that are consistently dysregulated, highlighting a plethora of targets for further investigation. Consistent functional changes with age found here can be used to confirm an ageing macrophage phenotype in specific studies and experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Moss
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Hew Phipps
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Heather L. Wilson
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Monzó C, Gkioni L, Beyer A, Valenzano DR, Grönke S, Partridge L. Dietary restriction mitigates the age-associated decline in mouse B cell receptor repertoire diversity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112722. [PMID: 37384530 PMCID: PMC10391628 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging impairs the capacity to respond to novel antigens, reducing immune protection against pathogens and vaccine efficacy. Dietary restriction (DR) extends life- and health span in diverse animals. However, little is known about the capacity of DR to combat the decline in immune function. Here, we study the changes in B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire during aging in DR and control mice. By sequencing the variable region of the BCR heavy chain in the spleen, we show that DR preserves diversity and attenuates the increase in clonal expansions throughout aging. Remarkably, mice starting DR in mid-life have repertoire diversity and clonal expansion rates indistinguishable from chronic DR mice. In contrast, in the intestine, these traits are unaffected by either age or DR. Reduced within-individual B cell repertoire diversity and increased clonal expansions are correlated with higher morbidity, suggesting a potential contribution of B cell repertoire dynamics to health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Monzó
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Age-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisonia Gkioni
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Age-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dario Riccardo Valenzano
- Microbiome-Host Interactions in Ageing Group, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany; Evolutionary Biology/Microbiome-Host Interactions in Aging Group: Fritz Lipmann Institute - Leibniz Institute on Aging, 07745 Jena, Thuringia, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany; Genetics, Evolution & Environment Group, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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13
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van der Putten GJ, de Baat C. An Overview of Systemic Health Factors Related to Rapid Oral Health Deterioration among Older People. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4306. [PMID: 37445340 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral health of older individuals can be negatively impacted by various systemic health factors, leading to rapid oral health deterioration. This paper aims to present an overview of the published evidence on systemic health factors that contribute to rapid oral health deterioration in older individuals, and to explore the implications of these factors for both general healthcare and oral healthcare provision. Older people are at risk of experiencing adverse reactions to medications due to multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Hyposalivation, a significant side effect of some medications, can be induced by both the type and number of medications used. Frailty, disability, sarcopenia, care dependency, and limited access to professional oral healthcare can also compromise the oral health of older people. To prevent rapid oral health deterioration, a comprehensive approach is required that involves effective communication between oral healthcare providers, other healthcare providers, and informal caregivers. Oral healthcare providers have a responsibility to advocate for the importance of maintaining adequate oral health and to raise awareness of the serious consequences of weakened oral health. By doing so, we can prevent weakened oral health from becoming a geriatric syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert-Jan van der Putten
- Orpea Dagelijks Leven, 7327 AA Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
- Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees de Baat
- Fresh Unieke Mondzorg, 2411 NT Bodegraven, The Netherlands
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14
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Magee G, Ragon BK. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101466. [PMID: 37353286 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a curative treatment modality for select patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), functioning as a restorative agent following intensified chemo- and/or radiotherapy and also engendering the disease-directed immunologic threat of graft-versus-leukemia effect. Advancements in conditioning regimen intensity, donor availability, and supportive care have broadened the eligibility for allogeneic HCT, reduced rates of transplant related mortality, and improved outcomes over time. There are still obstacles to transplant in AML, offering opportunities for ongoing discovery, including poor recipient fitness, insufficient donor availability for certain populations, and limited access to care. Relapse remains the most common cause of treatment failure and a high priority area of investigative efforts. Post-transplant maintenance and novel applications of cellular therapeutics are expected to usher in a new era of promise for successful HCT in AML and will aim to overcome the remaining barriers impeding favorable outcomes for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gray Magee
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, The Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Knick Ragon
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, The Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA.
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15
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Oncostatin M Receptor Type II Knockout Mitigates Inflammation and Improves Survival from Sepsis in Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020483. [PMID: 36831019 PMCID: PMC9953488 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Oncostatin M (OSM), an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine, can be found at high levels in septic patients. However, little is known about its role in sepsis. This study aimed to determine if the genetic knockout of OSM receptor (OSMR) type II signaling would improve survival in a murine model of sepsis. Aged (>50 weeks) OSMR type II knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates received an intraperitoneal injection of fecal slurry (FS) or vehicle. The KO mice had better survival 48 h after the injection of FS than the WT mice (p = 0.005). Eighteen hours post-FS injection, the KO mice had reduced peritoneal, serum, and tissue cytokine levels (including IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, KG/GRO, and IL-10) compared to the WT mice (p < 0.001 for all). Flow cytometry revealed decreased recruitment of CD11b+ F4/80+ Ly6chigh+ macrophages in the peritoneum of KO mice compared to WT mice (34 ± 6 vs. 4 ± 3%, PInt = 0.005). Isolated peritoneal macrophages from aged KO mice had better live E. coli killing capacity than those from WT mice (p < 0.001). Peritoneal lavage revealed greater bacterial counts in KO mice than in WT mice (KO: 305 ± 22 vs. 116 ± 6 CFU (×109)/mL; p < 0.001). In summary, deficiency in OSMR type II receptor signaling provided a survival benefit in the progression of sepsis. This coincided with reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, TNFα, and KC/GRO) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10), increased bacterial killing ability of macrophages, and reduced macrophage infiltration into to site of infection.
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16
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Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Frailty. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032139. [PMID: 36768461 PMCID: PMC9916666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a clinical condition closely related to aging which is characterized by a multidimensional decline in biological reserves, a failure of physiological mechanisms and vulnerability to minor stressors. Chronic inflammation, the impairment of endothelial function, age-related endocrine system modifications and immunosenescence are important mechanisms in the pathophysiology of frailty. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are considered important contributors of the endothelium homeostasis and turn-over. In the elderly, EPCs are impaired in terms of function, number and survival. In addition, the modification of EPCs' level and function has been widely demonstrated in atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which are the most common age-related diseases. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the role of EPCs in frailty. Initially, we describe the endothelial dysfunction in frailty, the response of EPCs to the endothelial dysfunction associated with frailty and, finally, interventions which may restore the EPCs expression and function in frail people.
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17
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Yunis J, Short KR, Yu D. Severe respiratory viral infections: T-cell functions diverging from immunity to inflammation. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:644-656. [PMID: 36635162 PMCID: PMC9829516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus (IAV) trigger distinct clinical outcomes defined by immunity-based viral clearance or disease associated with exaggerated and prolonged inflammation. The important role of T cells in shaping both antiviral immunity and inflammation has revived interest in understanding the host-pathogen interactions that lead to the diverse functions of T cells in respiratory viral infections. Inborn deficiencies and acquired insufficiency in immunity can prolong infection and shift the immune response towards exacerbated inflammation, which results from persistent innate immune activation and bystander T-cell activation that is nonspecific to the pathogen but is often driven by cytokines. This review discusses how virus variants, exposure doses, routes of infection, host genetics, and immune history can modulate the activation and function of T cells, thus influencing clinical outcomes. Knowledge of virus-host interaction can inform strategies to prevent immune dysfunction in respiratory viral infection and help in the treatment of associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Yunis
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia,Correspondence:
| | - Kirsty R. Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Di Yu
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia,Ian Frazer Centre for Children’s Immunotherapy Research, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,Correspondence:
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18
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Petitgas P, Tattevin P, Mailles A, Fillâtre P, Stahl JP. Infectious encephalitis in elderly patients: a prospective multicentre observational study in France 2016-2019. Infection 2022:10.1007/s15010-022-01927-3. [PMID: 36152225 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-022-01927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Data on encephalitis in elderly patients are scarce. We aimed to describe the characteristics, aetiologies, management, and outcome of encephalitis in patients older than 65 years. METHODS We performed an ancillary study of ENCEIF, a prospective cohort that enrolled all cases of encephalitis managed in 46 clinical sites in France during years 2016-2019. Cases were categorized in three age groups: (1) 18-64; (2) 65-79; (3) ≥ 80 years. RESULTS Of the 494 adults with encephalitis enrolled, 258 (52%) were ≥ 65 years, including 74 (15%) ≥ 80 years. Patients ≥ 65 years were more likely to present with coma, impaired consciousness, confusion, aphasia, and rash, but less likely to present with fever, and headache (P < 0.05 for each). Median cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white cells count was 61/mm3[13-220] in 65-79 years, 62 [17-180] in ≥ 80 years, vs. 114 [34-302] in < 65 years (P = 0.01). The proportion of cases due to Listeria monocytogenes and VZV increased after 65 years (P < 0.001), while the proportion of tick-borne encephalitis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis decreased with age (P < 0.05 for each). In-hospital mortality was 6/234 (3%) in < 65 years, 18/183 (10%) in 65-79 years, and 13/73 (18%) in ≥ 80 years (P < 0.001). Age ≥ 80 years, coma on admission, CSF protein ≥ 0.8 g/L and viral encephalitis were independently predictive of 6 month mortality. CONCLUSION Elderly patients represent > 50% of adults with encephalitis in France, with higher proportion of L. monocytogenes and VZV encephalitis, increased risk of death, and sequels. The empirical treatment currently recommended, aciclovir and amoxicillin, is appropriate for this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Petitgas
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation Médicale, Université Rennes 1, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU), 35000, Rennes, France.,Service des Maladies Infectieuses et de Médecine Interne, CHU de Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Pierre Tattevin
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation Médicale, Université Rennes 1, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU), 35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Alexandra Mailles
- Santé Publique France, Direction des Maladies Infectieuses, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Pierre Fillâtre
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Saint-Brieuc, CH, France
| | - Jean-Paul Stahl
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU, Maladies Infectieuses, Grenoble, France
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19
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Wumaer A, Maimaitiwusiman Z, Xiao W, Xuekelati S, Liu J, Musha T, Wang H. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-α is associated with sarcopenia in elderly individuals residing in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang, China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:788178. [PMID: 36160136 PMCID: PMC9492969 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.788178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory reactions play a significant role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia. Determining the association between specific cytokines and sarcopenia may reveal the disease’s pathophysiological mechanism(s). Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and inflammatory cytokines among the elderly natural population in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of the community-dwelling older people using a multi-stage random sampling method in Mulei County in northern Xinjiang and Luopu County in southern Xinjiang from September 2017 to May 2018. Of the 2,100 participants, the statistical analyses included 1,838 participants with complete data. Comparisons of living habits, disease status, biochemical indexes, and levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia participants were made in this study. Results Our study revealed no significant differences (i.e., P > 0.05) in sex, age, ethnicity, smoking and drinking habits, serum renal function, total cholesterol, and diabetes in the elderly between the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups in Xinjiang. However, triglyceride levels (P = 0.004), hypertension (P = 0.019), and abdominal obesity (P < 0.001) in the sarcopenia group were significantly higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group. Moreover, the levels of IL-10 (P < 0.001), IL-4 (P < 0.001), and TNF-α (P < 0.001) in the sarcopenia group were higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group after adjusting for sex, age, hypertension, blood lipid concentration, and obesity. Furthermore, after adjusting for sex, age, hypertension, obesity, and IL-10, IL-4, and IL-6 levels, an increased TNF-α level was also significantly associated with sarcopenia. Conclusion The results of the present study suggest that an increased plasma level of TNF-α is significantly associated with sarcopenia among elderly individuals residing in Xinjiang’s agricultural and pastoral areas. Further study is still needed to determine the physiological role of “immune aging” in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia.
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20
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Fujino T, Asada S, Goyama S, Kitamura T. Mechanisms involved in hematopoietic stem cell aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:473. [PMID: 35941268 PMCID: PMC11072869 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo progressive functional decline over time due to both internal and external stressors, leading to aging of the hematopoietic system. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying HSC aging will be valuable in developing novel therapies for HSC rejuvenation and to prevent the onset of several age-associated diseases and hematological malignancies. This review considers the general causes of HSC aging that range from cell-intrinsic factors to cell-extrinsic factors. In particular, epigenetics and inflammation have been implicated in the linkage of HSC aging, clonality, and oncogenesis. The challenges in clarifying mechanisms of HSC aging have accelerated the development of therapeutic interventions to rejuvenate HSCs, the major goal of aging research; these details are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fujino
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shuhei Asada
- The Institute of Laboratory Animals, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 1628666, Japan
| | - Susumu Goyama
- Division of Molecular Oncology Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1088639, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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21
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SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT IMPROVES THE CYTOKINE PROFILE AND LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE IN CHRONOLOGICALLY OLD AND PREMATURELY AGING MICE. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111692. [PMID: 35760213 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Among the age-associated changes in the immune system, the most evident is the decrease in proliferative responses of lymphocytes to mitogenic stimuli, which is accompanied by the loss of cytokine network homeostasis. Chronic low-grade inflammatory stress, termed as sterile inflammation, is also observed during aging. In chronologically and prematurely aging mice, cohabitation with adult animals for two months favored improvements in several immune functions. This study aimed to determine whether cohabitation could restore several cytokine networks, improve lymphoproliferative responses to mitogens, and diminish sterile inflammation. Chronologically old mice (76±4 weeks) and prematurely aging mice (33±4 weeks) (PAM and TH-HZ) were cohabited with adults (without premature aging) for two months. Subsequently, lymphoproliferation in both basal (unstimulated) conditions and in the presence of mitogenic stimuli lipopolysaccharide A (LPS) or concanavalin A (ConA) was analyzed in cultures of peritoneal leukocytes for 48h. Cytokine secretions (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17) in these cultures were also evaluated. The results showed that cohabitation restored the levels of these cytokines in old and prematurely aging mice and improved the subsequent lymphoproliferative responses. In addition, this social strategy diminished sterile inflammation and decreased inflammatory stress in unstimulated conditions. Therefore, this strategy seems to be capable of restoring the relevant immune function of lymphocytes and reducing the inflammatory stress, which are the improvements required for an adequate immune response.
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22
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Manouchehri N, Salinas VH, Rabi Yeganeh N, Pitt D, Hussain RZ, Stuve O. Efficacy of Disease Modifying Therapies in Progressive MS and How Immune Senescence May Explain Their Failure. Front Neurol 2022; 13:854390. [PMID: 35432156 PMCID: PMC9009145 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.854390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of disease modifying therapies (DMT) in the past two decades has been the cornerstone of successful clinical management of multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite the great strides made in reducing the relapse frequency and occurrence of new signal changes on neuroimaging in patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) by approved DMT, it has been challenging to demonstrate their effectiveness in non-active secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and primary progressive MS (PPMS) disease phenotypes. The dichotomy of DMT effectiveness between RRMS and progressive MS informs on distinct pathogeneses of the different MS phenotypes. Conversely, factors that render patients with progressive MS resistant to therapy are not understood. Thus far, age has emerged as the main correlate of the transition from RRMS to SPMS. Whether it is aging and age-related factors or the underlying immune senescence that qualitatively alter immune responses as the disease transitions to SPMS, that diminish DMT effectiveness, or both, is currently not known. Here, we will discuss the role of immune senescence on different arms of the immune system, and how it may explain relative DMT resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Manouchehri
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Victor H. Salinas
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Negar Rabi Yeganeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - David Pitt
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rehana Z. Hussain
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Olaf Stuve
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Neurology Section, VA North Texas Health Care System, Medical Service Dallas, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Olaf Stuve
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23
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Guru Murthy GS, Kim S, Hu ZH, Estrada-Merly N, Abid MB, Aljurf M, Bacher U, Badawy SM, Beitinjaneh A, Bredeson C, Cahn JY, Cerny J, Diaz Perez MA, Farhadfar N, Gale RP, Ganguly S, Gergis U, Hildebrandt GC, Grunwald MR, Hashmi S, Hossain NM, Kalaycio M, Kamble RT, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Hamilton BK, Lazarus HM, Liesveld J, Litzow M, Marks DI, Murthy HS, Nathan S, Nazha A, Nishihori T, Patel SS, Pawarode A, Rizzieri D, Savani B, Seo S, Solh M, Ustun C, van der Poel M, Verdonck LF, Vij R, Wirk B, Oran B, Nakamura R, Scott B, Saber W. Relapse and Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Older Matched Sibling Donors vs Younger Matched Unrelated Donors. JAMA Oncol 2022; 8:404-411. [PMID: 35024768 PMCID: PMC8759031 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Matched sibling donors (MSDs) are preferred for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in myelodysplastic syndrome even if they are older. However, whether older MSDs or younger human leukocyte antigen-matched unrelated donors (MUDs) are associated with better outcomes remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether allo-HCT for myelodysplastic syndrome using younger MUDs would be associated with improved disease-free survival and less relapse compared with older MSDs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study assessed data reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database from 1761 adults 50 years or older with myelodysplastic syndrome who underwent allo-HCT using an older MSD or younger MUD between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017, with a median follow-up of 48 months. Data analysis was performed from January 8, 2019, to December 30, 2020. INTERVENTIONS/EXPOSURES Allo-HCT from an older MSD (donor age ≥50 years) or a younger MUD (donor age ≤35 years). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes were overall survival, relapse, nonrelapse mortality, acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), chronic GVHD, and GVHD-free relapse-free survival. RESULTS Of 1761 patients (1162 [66%] male; median [range] age, 64.9 [50.2-77.6] years in the MSD cohort and 66.5 [50.4-80.9] years in MUD cohort), 646 underwent allo-HCT with an older MSD and 1115 with a younger MUD. In multivariable analysis, the rate of disease-free survival was significantly lower in allo-HCTs with older MSDs compared with younger MUDs (hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.02-1.34; P = .02), whereas the difference in overall survival rate of allo-HCT with younger MUDs vs older MSDs was not statistically significant (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.98-1.29; P = .07). Allo-HCT with older MSDs was associated with significantly higher relapse (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.32-1.97; P < .001), lower nonrelapse mortality (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59-0.96; P = .02), lower acute GVHD (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.42-0.65; P < .001), chronic GVHD (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64-0.92; P = .005), and a lower rate of GVHD-free relapse-free survival beyond 12 months after allo-HCT (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.02-1.98; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study found higher disease-free survival and lower relapse for allo-HCT in myelodysplastic syndrome using younger MUDs compared with older MSDs. The risk of nonrelapse mortality and GVHD was lower with older MSDs. These results suggest that the use of younger MUDs should be considered in the donor selection algorithm for myelodysplastic syndrome, in which it is pivotal to minimize relapse given limited treatment options for managing relapsed disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Zhen-Huan Hu
- Department of Medicine, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Noel Estrada-Merly
- Department of Medicine, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Muhammad Bilal Abid
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Center and Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ulrike Bacher
- Department of Hematology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sherif M. Badawy
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amer Beitinjaneh
- Division of Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Chris Bredeson
- Ottawa Hospital Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Yves Cahn
- Department of Hematology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jan Cerny
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester
| | - Miguel Angel Diaz Perez
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesus, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nosha Farhadfar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville
| | - Robert Peter Gale
- Haematology Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Division of Hematological Malignancy and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City
| | - Usama Gergis
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Michael R. Grunwald
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Shahrukh Hashmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Department of Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nasheed M. Hossain
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Matt Kalaycio
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rammurti T. Kamble
- Divsion of Hematology and Oncology, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Betty Ky Hamilton
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Hillard M. Lazarus
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jane Liesveld
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Mark Litzow
- Division of Hematology and Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David I. Marks
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant, University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Hemant S. Murthy
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Sunita Nathan
- Section of Bone Marrow Transplant and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Aziz Nazha
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Taiga Nishihori
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Sagar S. Patel
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Attaphol Pawarode
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
| | - David Rizzieri
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bipin Savani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sachiko Seo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Melhem Solh
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Group of Georgia, Northside Hospital, Atlanta
| | - Celalettin Ustun
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Cell Therapy, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Leo F. Verdonck
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Isala Clinic, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Ravi Vij
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Baldeep Wirk
- Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Betul Oran
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Ryotaro Nakamura
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Bart Scott
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wael Saber
- Department of Medicine, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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Damas-Moreira I, Maia JP, Tomé B, Salvi D, Perera A, Harris DJ. Blood parasites in sympatric lizards: what is their impact on hosts’ immune system? AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Assessment of parasites and their pathogenicity is essential for studying the ecology of populations and understanding their dynamics. In this study, we investigate the prevalence and intensity of infection of haemogregarines (phylum Apicomplexa) in two sympatric lizard species, Podarcis vaucheri and Scelarcis perspicillata, across three localities in Morocco, and their effect on host immune response. We used the Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin testing technique to relate the level of immune response with parasite infection. Prevalence and intensity levels were estimated with microscopy, and 18S rRNA gene sequences were used to confirm parasite identity. All parasites belong to the haemogregarine lineage found in other North African reptiles. There were differences in prevalence between localities and sexes. Overall, infected lizards were larger than uninfected ones, although we did not detect differences in parasitaemia across species, sex or locality. The swelling response was not related to the presence or number of haemogregarines, or to host body size, body condition, sex or species. We found no evidence of impact for these parasites on the circulating blood cells or the hosts’ immune system, but more data is needed to assess the potential impact of mixed infections, and the possibility of cryptic parasite species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Damas-Moreira
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - João P. Maia
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Institut de Biología Evolutiva (CSIC - Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Tomé
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniele Salvi
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Ana Perera
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - D. James Harris
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
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25
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Abstract
Ageing leads to profound alterations in the immune system and increases susceptibility to some chronic, infectious and autoimmune diseases. In recent years, widespread application of single-cell techniques has enabled substantial progress in our understanding of the ageing immune system. These comprehensive approaches have expanded and detailed the current views of ageing and immunity. Here we review a body of recent studies that explored how the immune system ages using unbiased profiling techniques at single-cell resolution. Specifically, we discuss an emergent understanding of age-related alterations in innate and adaptive immune cell populations, antigen receptor repertoires and immune cell-supporting microenvironments of the peripheral tissues. Focusing on the results obtained in mice and humans, we describe the multidimensional data that align with established concepts of immune ageing as well as novel insights emerging from these studies. We further discuss outstanding questions in the field and highlight techniques that will advance our understanding of immune ageing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis A. Mogilenko
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO USA
| | - Irina Shchukina
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO USA
| | - Maxim N. Artyomov
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO USA
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26
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Shao Y, Goštautaitė B, Wang M, Ng TWH. Age and sickness absence: Testing physical health issues and work engagement as countervailing mechanisms in a cross‐national context. PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/peps.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nehete PN, Nehete BP, Patel AG, Chitta S, Scholtzova H, Williams LE. Short-Term Relocation Stress-Induced Hematological and Immunological Changes in Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5318590. [PMID: 34840989 PMCID: PMC8616703 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5318590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonhuman primates are frequently transported to a new location or temporarily relocated within their colony. Both transportation and relocation expose animals to new environments, causing them to undergo a stress response (before adapting). In our NHP colony, the mentioned situations are not infrequent for many reasons, including maintenance. The objective of this study was to determine whether abrupt changes consisting of relocation, housing, separation, and grouping could influence hematological and immunological parameters and thereby functional activity. The current study used squirrel monkeys as a model to investigate the stress-inducing effects of relocation within a facility, while animals acclimated to new situations (physical, housing). A detailed blood analysis revealed significant changes in lymphocytes, triglycerides, total protein, creatinine, and ALT. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood showed reduction in CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells and monocytes, while B cells and natural killer (NK) cells changed with relocation. Simultaneously, changes in functional activity of immune cells altered proliferative responses and as shown by ELISpot (IFN γ). Though the parameters studied are not affected as severely as those in animals transported by road or air, stress responses induced by intrafacility relocation are significant and worth consideration. Our findings indicate that squirrel monkeys mimic the features seen in humans exposed to social stressors and may serve an important model for understanding the mechanisms of stress-induced immune dysfunction in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod N. Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bharti P. Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - Akash G. Patel
- Center for Cognitive Neurology and Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sriram Chitta
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - Henrieta Scholtzova
- Center for Cognitive Neurology and Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence E. Williams
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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28
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Zhang M, Xiao H, Shi J, Tan Y, Zhao Y, Yu J, Lai X, Hu Y, Zheng W, Luo Y, Huang H. Improved survival for young acute leukemia patients following a new donor hierarchy for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A phase III randomized controlled study. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:1429-1440. [PMID: 34370319 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the most optimal donor for young acute leukemia (AL) patients with multiple donors available for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), including HLA-matched sibling donors (MSDs), HLA-matched unrelated donors (URDs), haploidentical parental donors (HPDs), and haploidentical sibling donors (HSDs). From March 2008 to December 2016, 430 AL patients ≤ 35 years of age were included in the discovery, retrospective study. Patients who received transplantation from a MSD or a HSD had better 5-year OS rates compared with patients who received transplantation from a URD or a HPD. A superior graft-versus-leukemia effect was observed for high-risk patients undergoing HSD-HSCT with a lower relapse rate (p = 0.014) and a higher disease-free survival (DFS) rate (p = 0.029) compared with those undergoing MSD-HSCT. Outcomes of high-risk patients receiving an URD or HPD were equivalent. For intermediate/standard-risk patients, either a MSD or HSD may be the front-line donor selection with comparable outcomes. HLA-matched unrelated donors were preferred over HPDs with reduced non-relapse mortality and higher overall survival (OS) and DFS rates. We further conducted an independent prospective randomized study to evaluate the survival advantage with the new donor hierarchy. Two hundred and fifty patients were randomly assigned to follow our new donor hierarchy or the traditional donor hierarchy at a 2:1 ratio. The new donor hierarchy contributed to significantly superior 2-year OS and DFS rates (OS: 76.2% vs. 67.8%, p = 0.046; DFS: 71.8% vs. 64.5%, p = 0.039).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Haowen Xiao
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- Department of Hematology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Jimin Shi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yamin Tan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jian Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xiaoyu Lai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Weiyan Zheng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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Thyagarajan B, Faul J, Vivek S, Kim JK, Nikolich-Žugich J, Weir D, Crimmins EM. Age-related differences in T cell subsets in a nationally representative sample of people over age 55: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:927-933. [PMID: 34633448 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Though T cell immunosenescence is a major risk factor for age-related diseases, susceptibility to infections, and responses to vaccines, differences in T cells subset counts and representation by age and sex have not been determined for a large sample representative of the national population of the US. We evaluated the counts of T cell subsets including total, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and their naïve (Tn), effector memory (Tem) and effector subsets, in the context of age, sex and exposure to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection among 8,848 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants, a nationally representative study of adults over 55 years. Total T cells (CD3+) and CD4+ cells declined markedly with age; CD8+ T cells declined somewhat less. While CD4+ T cell declines with age occurred for both CMV seropositive and CMV seronegative groups, total T cells and CD8+ cells were both substantially higher among the CMV seropositive group. Numbers of Tn CD4+ and CD8+ cells were strongly and inversely related to age, were better conserved among women, and were independent of CMV seropositivity. By contrast, accumulation of the CD8+ and CD4+ Tem and effector subsets was CMV-associated. This is the first study to provide counts of T cell subsets by age and sex in a national sample of older US adults over the age of 55 years. Understanding T cell changes with age and sex is an important first step in determining strategies to reduce its impact on age-related diseases and susceptibility to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN
| | - Jessica Faul
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sithara Vivek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN
| | - Jung Ki Kim
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Janko Nikolich-Žugich
- Department of Immunobiology and the University of Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - David Weir
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Eileen M Crimmins
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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30
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Functional Changes of T-Cell Subsets with Age and CMV Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189973. [PMID: 34576140 PMCID: PMC8465008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) latent infection and aging contribute to alterations in the function and phenotype of the T-cell pool. We have demonstrated that CMV-seropositivity is associated with the expansion of polyfunctional CD57+ T-cells in young and middle-aged individuals in response to different stimuli. Here, we expand our results on the effects of age and CMV infection on T-cell functionality in a cohort of healthy middle-aged and older individuals stratified by CMV serostatus. Specifically, we studied the polyfunctional responses (degranulation, IFN-γ and TNF-α production) of CD4+, CD8+, CD8+CD56+ (NKT-like), and CD4−CD8− (DN) T-cells according to CD57 expression in response to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB). Our results show that CD57 expression by T-cells is not only a hallmark of CMV infection in young individuals but also at older ages. CD57+ T-cells are more polyfunctional than CD57− T-cells regardless of age. CMV-seronegative individuals have no or a very low percentages of cytotoxic CD4+ T-cells (CD1017a+) and CD4+CD57+ T-cells, supporting the notion that the expansion of these T-cells only occurs in the context of CMV infection. There was a functional shift in T-cells associated with CMV seropositivity, except in the NKT-like subset. Here, we show that the effect of CMV infection and age differ among T-cell subsets and that CMV is the major driving force for the expansion of highly polyfunctional CD57+ T-cells, emphasizing the necessity of considering CMV serology in any study of immunosenescence.
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31
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Borch Jensen M, Marblestone A. In vivo Pooled Screening: A Scalable Tool to Study the Complexity of Aging and Age-Related Disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:714926. [PMID: 35822038 PMCID: PMC9261400 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.714926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological aging, and the diseases of aging, occur in a complex in vivo environment, driven by multiple interacting processes. A convergence of recently developed technologies has enabled in vivo pooled screening: direct administration of a library of different perturbations to a living animal, with a subsequent readout that distinguishes the identity of each perturbation and its effect on individual cells within the animal. Such screens hold promise for efficiently applying functional genomics to aging processes in the full richness of the in vivo setting. In this review, we describe the technologies behind in vivo pooled screening, including a range of options for delivery, perturbation and readout methods, and outline their potential application to aging and age-related disease. We then suggest how in vivo pooled screening, together with emerging innovations in each of its technological underpinnings, could be extended to shed light on key open questions in aging biology, including the mechanisms and limits of epigenetic reprogramming and identifying cellular mediators of systemic signals in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Borch Jensen
- Gordian Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Martin Borch Jensen, ; Adam Marblestone,
| | - Adam Marblestone
- Astera Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Federation of American Scientists, Washington D.C., CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Martin Borch Jensen, ; Adam Marblestone,
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32
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Vetrano DL, Triolo F, Maggi S, Malley R, Jackson TA, Poscia A, Bernabei R, Ferrucci L, Fratiglioni L. Fostering healthy aging: The interdependency of infections, immunity and frailty. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 69:101351. [PMID: 33971332 PMCID: PMC9588151 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Untangling the interdependency of infections, immunity and frailty may help to clarify their roles in the maintenance of health in aging individuals, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted such priority. In this scoping review we aimed to systematically collect the evidence on 1) the impact of common infections such as influenza, pneumonia and varicella zoster on frailty development, and 2) the role played by frailty in the response to immunization of older adults. Findings are discussed under a unifying framework to identify knowledge gaps and outline their clinical and public health implications to foster a healthier aging. Twenty-nine studies (113,863 participants) selected to answer the first question provided a moderately strong evidence of an association between infections and physical as well as cognitive decline - two essential dimensions of frailty. Thirteen studies (34,520 participants) investigating the second aim, showed that frailty was associated with an impaired immune response in older ages, likely due to immunosenescence. However, the paucity of studies, the absence of tools to predict vaccine efficacy, and the lack of studies investigating the efficacy of newer vaccines in presence of frailty, strongly limit the formulation of more personalized immunization strategies for older adults. The current evidence suggests that infections and frailty repeatedly cross each other pathophysiological paths and accelerate the aging process in a vicious circle. Such evidence opens to several considerations. First, the prevention of both conditions pass through a life course approach, which includes several individual and societal aspects. Second, the maintenance of a well-functioning immune system may be accomplished by preventing frailty, and vice versa. Third, increasing the adherence to immunization may delay the onset of frailty and maintain the immune system homeostasis, beyond preventing infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide L Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centro Medicina dell'Invecchiamento, Fondazione Policlinico "A- Gemelli" IRCCS and Catholic University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Federico Triolo
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padua, Italy
| | - Richard Malley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas A Jackson
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Geriatrics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Roberto Bernabei
- Centro Medicina dell'Invecchiamento, Fondazione Policlinico "A- Gemelli" IRCCS and Catholic University of Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
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Comparison of the clinical outcomes between NIMA-mismatched and NIPA-mismatched haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with hematological malignancies. Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:2723-2731. [PMID: 34239051 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcomes between noninherited maternal antigen (NIMA)-mismatched and noninherited paternal antigen (NIPA)-mismatched haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) among patients with hematological malignancies and perform a subgroup analysis. We retrospectively analyzed 378 patients with hematological malignancies who received haplo-HSCT from NIMA-mismatched (n = 201) and NIPA-mismatched (n = 177) donors between January 2012 and December 2017. The cumulative incidence of 100-d grades II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) (19.2% vs. 32.8%, P = 0.003) was significantly lower in NIMA mismatch. Multivariate analysis showed that NIMA mismatch was associated with lower incidence of grades II-IV aGVHD and better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). According to the subgroup analysis, the clinical outcomes of older and/or female NIMA mismatches were comparable to those of younger and/or male NIPA mismatches with respect to grades II-IV aGVHD, chronic GVHD (cGVHD), nonrelapse mortality (NRM), relapse, DFS, and OS. In conclusion, this study confirmed the NIMA effect on aGVHD and demonstrated that NIMA mismatch was associated with better survival. In the NIMA mismatch context, donor age and sex did not seem to influence haplo-HSCT, which provides a basis for the selection of sibling donors.
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34
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Flerlage T, Boyd DF, Meliopoulos V, Thomas PG, Schultz-Cherry S. Influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis and host responses in the respiratory tract. Nat Rev Microbiol 2021; 19:425-441. [PMID: 33824495 PMCID: PMC8023351 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause annual epidemics and occasional pandemics of respiratory tract infections that produce a wide spectrum of clinical disease severity in humans. The novel betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 and has since caused a pandemic. Both viral and host factors determine the extent and severity of virus-induced lung damage. The host's response to viral infection is necessary for viral clearance but may be deleterious and contribute to severe disease phenotypes. Similarly, tissue repair mechanisms are required for recovery from infection across the spectrum of disease severity; however, dysregulated repair responses may lead to chronic lung dysfunction. Understanding of the mechanisms of immunopathology and tissue repair following viral lower respiratory tract infection may broaden treatment options. In this Review, we discuss the pathogenesis, the contribution of the host response to severe clinical phenotypes and highlight early and late epithelial repair mechanisms following influenza virus infection, each of which has been well characterized. Although we are still learning about SARS-CoV-2 and its disease manifestations in humans, throughout the Review we discuss what is known about SARS-CoV-2 in the context of this broad knowledge of influenza virus, highlighting the similarities and differences between the respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Flerlage
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David F Boyd
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Victoria Meliopoulos
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Stacey Schultz-Cherry
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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35
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Graham CE, Jozwik A, Quartey-Papafio R, Ioannou N, Metelo AM, Scala C, Dickson G, Stewart O, Almena-Carrasco M, Peranzoni E, Ramsay AG, Patten PEM, Pertel T, Farzaneh F, Dupouy S, Pepper A, Benjamin R. Gene-edited healthy donor CAR T cells show superior anti-tumour activity compared to CAR T cells derived from patients with lymphoma in an in vivo model of high-grade lymphoma. Leukemia 2021; 35:3581-3584. [PMID: 34145373 PMCID: PMC8632681 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Elizabeth Graham
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. .,King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Agnieszka Jozwik
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruby Quartey-Papafio
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Ioannou
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana M Metelo
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Scala
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Glenda Dickson
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Orla Stewart
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elisa Peranzoni
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Paris, France
| | - Alan G Ramsay
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Piers E M Patten
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Pertel
- Allogene Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Farzin Farzaneh
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Dupouy
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Pepper
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Reuben Benjamin
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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36
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Oran B, Champlin RE, Wang F, Tanaka T, Saliba RM, Al-Atrash G, Garcia-Manero G, Kantarjian H, Cao K, Shpall EJ, Alousi AM, Mehta RS, Popat U, Futreal A, Takahash K. Donor clonal hematopoiesis increases risk of acute graft versus host disease after matched sibling transplantation. Leukemia 2021; 36:257-262. [PMID: 34135465 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is associated with older age and an increased risk of myeloid malignancies and cardiovascular complications. We analyzed donor DNA samples in patients with AML/MDS who underwent first allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) to investigate the association between donor CH and transplant outcomes. We performed targeted deep sequencing of 300 genes on donor blood samples and identified CH with the minimum variant allele frequency of 2%. Among 363 donors, 65 (18%) had CH. The most frequently mutated genes were DNMT3A (31 of 65; 48%), TET2 (16 of 65; 25%), PPM1D (5 of 65, 8%), and ASXL1 (7 of 65; 11%). Transplant outcomes: time to neutrophil and platelet recovery, relapse incidence, transplant-related mortality and progression-free survival, were comparable by donor CH. However, risk of grade II-IV and III-IV acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) at 6 months after transplant was higher with donor CH vs. without donor CH (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.4, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.6-3.6, p < 0.001 and HR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.6-8.9, p = 0.003). In this homogenous population of AML/MDS patients, donor CH was associated with increased risk of grade II-IV and III-IV aGvHD. Further studies to investigate the mechanisms of increased aGvHD and therapeutic interventions to improve aGvHD in the context of donor CH are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Oran
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Richard E Champlin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Genomics Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Tanaka
- Department of Genomics Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rima M Saliba
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gheath Al-Atrash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Manero
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hagop Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kai Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amin M Alousi
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rohtesh S Mehta
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Uday Popat
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andy Futreal
- Department of Genomics Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Koichi Takahash
- Department of Genomics Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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37
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Ebrahimzadeh-Attari V, Panahi G, Hebert JR, Ostadrahimi A, Saghafi-Asl M, Lotfi-Yaghin N, Baradaran B. Nutritional approach for increasing public health during pandemic of COVID-19: A comprehensive review of antiviral nutrients and nutraceuticals. Health Promot Perspect 2021; 11:119-136. [PMID: 34195036 PMCID: PMC8233676 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2021.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is considered as the most life-threatening pandemic disease during the last decade. The individual nutritional status, though usually ignored in the management of COVID-19, plays a critical role in the immune function and pathogenesis of infection. Accordingly, the present review article aimed to report the effects of nutrients and nutraceuticals on respiratory viral infections including COVID-19, with a focus on their mechanisms of action. Methods: Studies were identified via systematic searches of the databases including PubMed/ MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar from 2000 until April 2020, using keywords. All relevant clinical and experimental studies published in English were included. Results: Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is common in severe respiratory infections and should be considered in the management of COVID-19 patients. On the other hand, obesity can be accompanied by decreasing the host immunity. Therefore, increasing physical activity at home and a slight caloric restriction with adequate intake of micronutrients and nutraceuticals are simple aids to boost host immunity and decrease the clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Conclusion: The most important nutrients which can be considered for COVID-19 management are vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin A, folate, zinc, and probiotics. Their adequacy should be provided through dietary intake or appropriate supplementation. Moreover, adequate intake of some other dietary agents including vitamin E, magnesium, selenium, alpha linolenic acid and phytochemicals are required to maintain the host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - James R Hebert
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Saghafi-Asl
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Lotfi-Yaghin
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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38
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Prostaglandin E 2 Enhances Aged Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1840-1854. [PMID: 33974233 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging of hematopoiesis is associated with increased frequency and clonality of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), along with functional compromise and myeloid bias, with donor age being a significant variable in survival after HSC transplantation. No clinical methods currently exist to enhance aged HSC function, and little is known regarding how aging affects molecular responses of HSCs to biological stimuli. Exposure of HSCs from young fish, mice, nonhuman primates, and humans to 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) enhances transplantation, but the effect of dmPGE2 on aged HSCs is unknown. Here we show that ex vivo pulse of bone marrow cells from young adult (3 mo) and aged (25 mo) mice with dmPGE2 prior to serial competitive transplantation significantly enhanced long-term repopulation from aged grafts in primary and secondary transplantation (27 % increase in chimerism) to a similar degree as young grafts (21 % increase in chimerism; both p < 0.05). RNA sequencing of phenotypically-isolated HSCs indicated that the molecular responses to dmPGE2 are similar in young and old, including CREB1 activation and increased cell survival and homeostasis. Common genes within these pathways identified likely key mediators of HSC enhancement by dmPGE2 and age-related signaling differences. HSC expression of the PGE2 receptor EP4, implicated in HSC function, increased with age in both mRNA and surface protein. This work suggests that aging does not alter the major dmPGE2 response pathways in HSCs which mediate enhancement of both young and old HSC function, with significant implications for expanding the therapeutic potential of elderly HSC transplantation.
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39
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Clay-Warner J, Edgemon TG, Okech D, Anarfi JK. Violence predicts physical health consequences of human trafficking: Findings from a longitudinal study of labor trafficking in Ghana. Soc Sci Med 2021; 279:113970. [PMID: 33984690 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research consistently finds high rates of both poor physical health and violent victimization among survivors of human trafficking. While this literature documents the immediate effects of human trafficking on health, no published literature has compared short- and longer-term physical health consequences of trafficking or examined the role of violence in shaping physical health outcomes across the period of reintegration. Here, we utilize longitudinal data to document the prevalence of various forms of violence experienced by women and girls trafficked for labor in Ghana, as well as examine the effects of violence on self-reported physical health conditions at two time points following exit from trafficking. Consistent with the stress process model, we find a higher prevalence of physical health complaints during the second wave of data collection, suggesting a delayed somatization effect. We also find that while psychological violence has a strong effect on the number of physical health complaints in the period immediately after exit from trafficking, sexual violence experienced while being trafficked is most predictive of physical health complaints later in the reintegration period. These findings have implications for understanding the role of violence, more generally, in shaping physical health. Our research also suggests the importance of monitoring the physical health of trafficking survivors beyond the immediate post-trafficking period and of providing on-going access to healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody Clay-Warner
- Department of Sociology, University of Georgia, Baldwin Hall, 355 E. Jackson St, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Timothy G Edgemon
- School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, Corrections Institute, Teachers/Dyer Complex 2610 McMicken Circle, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221, USA
| | - David Okech
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - John K Anarfi
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, College of Humanities, Post Office Box LG 96, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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40
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Blat A, Stepanenko T, Bulat K, Wajda A, Dybas J, Mohaissen T, Alcicek FC, Szczesny-Malysiak E, Malek K, Fedorowicz A, Marzec KM. Spectroscopic Signature of Red Blood Cells in a D-Galactose-Induced Accelerated Aging Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2660. [PMID: 33800818 PMCID: PMC7961785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents a semi-quantitative spectroscopic approach, including FTIR-ATR and Raman spectroscopies, for the biochemical analysis of red blood cells (RBCs) supported by the biochemical, morphological and rheological reference techniques. This multi-modal approach provided the description of the RBC alterations at the molecular level in a model of accelerated aging induced by administration of D-galactose (D-gal), in comparison to natural aging. Such an approach allowed to conclude that most age-related biochemical RBC membrane changes (a decrease in lipid unsaturation and the level of phospholipids, or an increase in acyl chain shortening) as well as alterations in the morphological parameters and RBC deformability are well reflected in the D-gal model of accelerated aging. Similarly, as in natural aging, a decrease in LDL level in blood plasma and no changes in the fraction of glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, HDL, iron, or triglycerides were observed during the course of accelerated aging. Contrary to natural aging, the D-gal model led to an increase in cholesterol esters and the fraction of total esterified lipids in RBC membranes, and evoked significant changes in the secondary structure of the membrane proteins. Moreover, a significant decrease in the phosphorous level of blood plasma was specific for the D-gal model. On the other hand, natural aging induced stronger changes in the secondary structures of the proteins of the RBCs' interior. This work proves that research on the aging mechanism, especially in circulation-related diseases, should employ the D-gal model with caution. Nonetheless, the D-gal model enables to imitate age-related rheological alterations in RBCs, although they are partially derived from different changes observed in the RBC membrane at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Blat
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Tetiana Stepanenko
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Bulat
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Aleksandra Wajda
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Dybas
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Tasnim Mohaissen
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Fatih Celal Alcicek
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Ewa Szczesny-Malysiak
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Fedorowicz
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna M. Marzec
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
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41
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Cao X, Liu L, Zhang Y, Yang Y. Reduced RING finger protein 10 expression in macrophages is associated with aging-related inflammation. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:386-394. [PMID: 33249776 PMCID: PMC7876489 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age‐associated decline of the immune system is referred to as immunosenescence. The E3 ligase RING finger 10 (RNF10) has long been associated with the innate immune response, although a potential role in immunosenescence has not previously been reported. In the present study, we identified that RNF10 expression is lower in aged mouse macrophages than in young cells. After lipopolysaccharide stimulation, RNF10 expression remained at a basal low level in aged mouse cells, but declined sharply in young mouse cells. Knockdown of RNF10 enhanced both the nuclear factor‐κB and interferon regulatory factor 3 signaling pathways and thus enhanced proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons in macrophages, promoting clearance of Listeria monocytogenes. These findings indicate that dysregulated expression of RNF10 is associated with age‐associated immune dysfunction, and RNF10 may thus be a potential target for the treatment of age‐related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Lidan Liu
- The Southern Medical District of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Yingyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
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42
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Bahemana E, Esber A, Dear N, Ganesan K, Parikh A, Reed D, Maganga L, Khamadi S, Mizinduko M, Lwilla A, Mkondoo D, Mwaisanga G, Somi N, Owouth J, Maswai J, Kiweewa F, Iroezindu M, Ake JA, Crowell TA, Valcour VG, Polyak CS. Impact of age on CD4 recovery and viral suppression over time among adults living with HIV who initiated antiretroviral therapy in the African Cohort Study. AIDS Res Ther 2020; 17:66. [PMID: 33183355 PMCID: PMC7664082 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-020-00323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With increased use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV mortality rates are declining and people living with HIV (PLWH) are surviving longer. We characterized CD4 recovery and viral suppression among adults aged < 50 and ≥ 50 years living with HIV who initiated ART in the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS). METHODS Beginning in January 2013, PLWH at twelve clinics in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and Nigeria underwent medical history review, CD4 and viral load testing as part of the ongoing African Cohort Study (AFRICOS). ART-naïve PLWH who initiated ART within 30 days of enrollment and had at least one year of follow-up were included in these analyses. To compare ART response in participants < 50 years and ≥ 50 years old, changes in CD4 count and viral load suppression after ART initiation were examined at different time points using linear and binomial regression with generalized estimating equations. Variables for time since ART initiation and the interaction between age group and time on ART were included in the model to evaluate longitudinal changes in CD4 recovery and viral suppression by age. RESULTS Between January 2013 and September 2019, 2918 PLHV were enrolled in the cohort. Of these, 443 were ART naïve and initiated on ART within 30 days of enrollment, with 90% (n = 399) aged < 50 years old at ART initiation. At ART initiation, participants aged 50 and older had a higher median CD4 count compared to participants younger than 50 years of age although it did not reach statistical significance (306 cells/mm3, IQR:130-547 vs. 277cells/mm3, IQR: 132-437). In adjusted models examining CD4 recovery and viral suppression there were no significant differences by age group over time. By the end of follow-up viral suppression was high among both groups of adults (96% of adults ≥ 50 years old and 92% of adults < 50 years old). CONCLUSION This study found no difference in long-term CD4 recovery or viral suppression by age at ART initiation. We found that particularly among younger adults participants had lower median CD4 counts at ART initiation, suggesting the importance of identifying and putting this population on treatment earlier in the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bahemana
- HJF Medical Research International, Inc., Mbeya, Tanzania.
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Allahna Esber
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Nicole Dear
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kavitha Ganesan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ajay Parikh
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Domonique Reed
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lucas Maganga
- National Institute for Medical Research-Mbeya Medical Research Center, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Samoel Khamadi
- HJF Medical Research International, Inc., Mbeya, Tanzania
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Mucho Mizinduko
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science-Dar-Es-Salaam, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anange Lwilla
- HJF Medical Research International, Inc., Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Dorothy Mkondoo
- HJF Medical Research International, Inc., Mbeya, Tanzania
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Gwamaka Mwaisanga
- HJF Medical Research International, Inc., Mbeya, Tanzania
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nancy Somi
- HJF Medical Research International, Inc., Mbeya, Tanzania
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - John Owouth
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- HJF Medical Research International, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Jonah Maswai
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- HJF Medical Research International, Kericho, Kenya
| | | | - Michael Iroezindu
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- HJF Medical Research International, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Julie A Ake
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Trevor A Crowell
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Victor G Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christina S Polyak
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Kundu D, Kennedy L, Meadows V, Baiocchi L, Alpini G, Francis H. The Dynamic Interplay Between Mast Cells, Aging/Cellular Senescence, and Liver Disease. Gene Expr 2020; 20:77-88. [PMID: 32727636 PMCID: PMC7650013 DOI: 10.3727/105221620x15960509906371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are key players in acute immune responses that are evidenced by degranulation leading to a heightened allergic response. Activation of mast cells can trigger a number of different pathways contributing to metabolic conditions and disease progression. Aging results in irreversible physiological changes affecting all organs, including the liver. The liver undergoes senescence, changes in protein expression, and cell signaling phenotypes during aging, which regulate disease progression. Cellular senescence contributes to the age-related changes. Unsurprisingly, mast cells also undergo age-related changes in number, localization, and activation throughout their lifetime, which adversely affects the etiology and progression of many physiological conditions including liver diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of mast cells during aging, including features of aging (e.g., senescence) in the context of biliary diseases such as primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Kundu
- *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lindsey Kennedy
- *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Vik Meadows
- *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Leonardo Baiocchi
- †Department of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- ‡Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Heather Francis
- *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- ‡Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Evaluation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in frail Tunisian older adults. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242152. [PMID: 33166358 PMCID: PMC7652286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Tunisian older adults and to examine the relationships between inflammatory marker levels, geriatric, and biochemical parameters. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of Tunisian older adults (N = 141, aged 65 and over). Patients were recruited from the Department of Internal Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital (Monastir, Tunisia) and from a nursing home (Sousse, Tunisia). Comprehensive geriatric assessment, history taking and examination including functional and nutritional assessment were done for each participant. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to measure serum cytokine (TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6) levels. The modified Short Emergency Geriatric Assessment score (SEGAm) were used to classify patients as 51 very-frail, 40 frail, and 50 non-frail. The age of the participants (80 men, 61 women) ranged from 65 to 97 years. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher in very-frail participants compared to frail and non-frail ones. However, no significant differences in IL-6 levels were detected among frailty groups. After adjustment for age, CRP and IL-8 levels remained significantly associated with frailty. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve corresponding to IL-8 showed an area under the curve of 0.7 (p = 0.003; 95% CI [0.58-0.81]) and a predictive threshold of 5.27 pg/ml. Positive correlations were found between frailty score, IL-6, and IL-8 levels. In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between IL-8 levels and Timed Up and Go test results. However, a negative correlation was observed between Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form score, IL-6 and CRP levels, as well as between Activities of Daily Living score and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP. In conclusion, the key findings of this study collectively support a role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, CRP, and especially IL-8 in the development of frailty in older adults.
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Song H, Fu X, Wu C, Li S. Aging-related tumor associated fibroblasts changes could worsen the prognosis of GBM patients. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:489. [PMID: 33061843 PMCID: PMC7545944 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant tumor in human brain, with highly heterogeneity among different patients. Age could function as an incidence and prognosis risk factor for many tumors. Method A series of bioinformatic experiments were conducted to evaluate the differences of incidence, differential expressed genes, enriched pathways with the data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and Chinese glioma genome atlas (CGGA) project. Results We discovered in our present study that distinct difference of incidence and prognosis of different aged GBM patients. By a series of bioinformatic method, we found that the tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) was the most crucial tumor microenvironment (TME) component that led to this phenomenon. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) could be the mechanism by which TAFs regulate the progression of GBM. Conclusion We have proposed a close correlation between age and GBM incidence and prognosis, and propose the underlying mechanism behind this correlation by mining different databases, which laid the foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwang Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaojun Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xiangshanyikesong 50#, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Chenxing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xiangshanyikesong 50#, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Shouwei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xiangshanyikesong 50#, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100093 China
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Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T, Lambris JD. Current understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis and targets for host-modulation therapy. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:14-34. [PMID: 32844416 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances indicate that periodontitis is driven by reciprocally reinforced interactions between a dysbiotic microbiome and dysregulated inflammation. Inflammation is not only a consequence of dysbiosis but, via mediating tissue dysfunction and damage, fuels further growth of selectively dysbiotic communities of bacteria (inflammophiles), thereby generating a self-sustained feed-forward loop that perpetuates the disease. These considerations provide a strong rationale for developing adjunctive host-modulation therapies for the treatment of periodontitis. Such host-modulation approaches aim to inhibit harmful inflammation and promote its resolution or to interfere directly with downstream effectors of connective tissue and bone destruction. This paper reviews diverse strategies targeted to modulate the host periodontal response and discusses their mechanisms of action, perceived safety, and potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Rubingh J, van der Spek A, Fliers E, Boelen A. The Role of Thyroid Hormone in the Innate and Adaptive Immune Response during Infection. Compr Physiol 2020; 10:1277-1287. [PMID: 32969509 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, there has been growing evidence for a functional interaction between the thyroid hormone and the immune system. This article provides an overview of the mechanisms by which thyroid hormones affect the innate and adaptive immune response during infection. The influence of thyroid hormone on the most important players of the innate [neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells (DCs)] and adaptive immune system (B- and T-lymphocytes) is reviewed here based on both clinical and preclinical studies. The effects of modulation of the immune system by drugs, such as monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and interferons on thyroid function, are beyond the scope of this article. Thyroid hormones regulate the activity of neutrophils which is reflected by higher numbers of neutrophils outside the bloodstream and enhanced activity of the respiratory burst following stimulation with thyroid hormone. Hyperthyroidism affects neutrophil function to a larger extent than hypothyroidism. In addition to neutrophil function, macrophage function is strongly affected by thyroid hormones, with triiodothyronine having a pro-inflammatory effect in these cells. NK cell proliferation and cytotoxic activity are also dependent on thyroid hormone levels. Finally, thyroid hormones enhance DC proliferation and maturation. In the adaptive immune system, a hyperthyroid state leads to increased activation of lymphocytes. This effect of thyroid hormone is mediated by various factors including NF-κB and protein kinase C signaling pathways and the β-adrenergic receptor. In general, a hyperthyroid state leads to a more activated immune system whereas hypothyroidism leads to a less activated immune system. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:1277-1287, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rubingh
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne van der Spek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Fliers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Boelen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Moschny N, Jahn K, Maier HB, Khan AQ, Ballmaier M, Liepach K, Sack M, Skripuletz T, Bleich S, Frieling H, Neyazi A. Electroconvulsive therapy, changes in immune cell ratios, and their association with seizure quality and clinical outcome in depressed patients. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 36:18-28. [PMID: 32446707 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Approximately 30-50% of depressed patients fail to reach remission with standard treatment approaches. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective options for these patients. Its exact therapeutic mechanism remains elusive, and reliable predictors of response are absent in the routine clinical practice. To characterize its mode of action and to facilitate treatment decision-making, we analyzed ECT's acute and chronic effects on various immune cell subsets. For this purpose, blood was withdrawn from depressed patients (n=21) directly before and 15 min after the first and last ECT session, respectively. After isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we investigated defined populations of immune cells and their proportional changes upon ECT treatment using flow cytometry. By these means, we found ECT remitters (R; n=10) and non-remitters (NR; n=11) to differ in their relative proportion of putative immunoregulatory CD56highCD16-/dim and cytotoxic CD56dimCD16+ natural killer (NK) cells (CD56highCD16-/dim/CD56dimCD16+: R=0.064(±0.005), NR=0.047(±0.005), p<0.05; linear mixed models) and thus in their NK cell cytotoxicity. NK cell cytotoxicity was further increased after a single ECT session (before=0.066(±0.005), after=0.045(±0.005), p<0.001) and was associated with ECT quality parameters (maximum sustained coherence: r2=0.389, β=-0.656, p<0.001) and long-term BDI-II rating changes (r2=0.459, β=-0.726, p<0.05; both linear regression analysis). To conclude, particular NK cell subsets seem to be involved in ECT's acute effect and its clinical outcome. Due to the limited number of patients participating in our pilot study, future approaches are required to replicate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Moschny
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, HGNI, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Jahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Hannah Benedictine Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Abdul Qayyum Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Matthias Ballmaier
- Cell Sorting Core Facility, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Kyra Liepach
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mareike Sack
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Skripuletz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, HGNI, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, HGNI, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Neyazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, HGNI, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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The ratio of prematurely aging to non-prematurely aging mice cohabiting, conditions their behavior, immunity and lifespan. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 343:577240. [PMID: 32330742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adult prematurely aging mice (PAM) show behavioral deterioration, premature immunosenescence and increased oxidative stress, impairments that are associated with their shorter lifespan, compared to the corresponding exceptional non-prematurely aging mice (ENPAM). When PAM live in a predominantly ENPAM environment (2/5, respectively) they exhibit an improvement of immunity and redox state in their spleen and thymus leukocytes, and an increased lifespan. Nevertheless, it is unknown if other PAM/ENPAM ratios could affect behavioral and peritoneal leukocyte functions of PAM and change their lifespan. ENPAM and PAM were divided into the following groups: C-ENPAM (8 ENPAM in the cage); C-PAM (8 PAM in the cage); ENPAM>50% and PAM<50% (5 ENPAM/2 PAM in each cage); ENPAM = 50% and PAM = 50% (4 ENPAM/4 PAM in each cage), and PAM>50% and ENPAM<50% (5 PAM/2 ENPAM in each cage). After two months, mice were submitted to a battery of behavioral tests. Several functions and oxidative stress parameters were then assessed in their peritoneal leukocytes. Animals were maintained in these conditions to analyze their lifespan. The results showed that PAM>50%, PAM = 50% and PAM<50% exhibited better behavioral responses, immunity and redox states in their peritoneal leukocytes than C-PAM. This improvement was higher when the number of ENPAM in the cage was increased, with most of the parameters in PAM<50% reaching similar values to those in C-ENPAM, and an increased lifespan. However, ENPAM that cohabited with PAM showed, in general, an impairment of parameters studied. In conclusion, the PAM/ENPAM cohabitation ratio is relevant to behavior and immunity.
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50
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Davenport MP, Smith NL, Rudd BD. Building a T cell compartment: how immune cell development shapes function. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:499-506. [PMID: 32493982 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We are just beginning to understand the diversity of the peripheral T cell compartment, which arises from the specialization of different T cell subsets and the plasticity of individual naive T cells to adopt different fates. Although the progeny of a single T cell can differentiate into many phenotypes following infection, individual T cells are biased towards particular phenotypes. These biases are typically ascribed to random factors that occur during and after antigenic stimulation. However, the T cell compartment does not remain static with age, and shifting immune challenges during ontogeny give rise to T cells with distinct functional properties. Here, we argue that the developmental history of naive T cells creates a 'hidden layer' of diversity that persists into adulthood. Insight into this diversity can provide a new perspective on immunity and immunotherapy across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles P Davenport
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Norah L Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Brian D Rudd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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