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Wang H, Stevens T, Lu J, Roberts A, Van't Land C, Muzumdar R, Gong Z, Vockley J, Prochownik EV. Body-Wide Inactivation of the Myc-Like Mlx Transcription Factor Network Accelerates Aging and Increases the Lifetime Cancer Incidence. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401593. [PMID: 38976573 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The "Mlx" and "Myc" transcription factor networks cross-communicate and share many common gene targets. Myc's activity depends upon its heterodimerization with Max, whereas the Mlx Network requires that the Max-like factor Mlx associate with the Myc-like factors MondoA or ChREBP. The current work demonstrates that body-wide Mlx inactivation, like that of Myc, accelerates numerous aging-related phenotypes pertaining to body habitus and metabolism. The deregulation of numerous aging-related Myc target gene sets is also accelerated. Among other functions, these gene sets often regulate ribosomal and mitochondrial structure and function, genomic stability, and aging. Whereas "MycKO" mice have an extended lifespan because of a lower cancer incidence, "MlxKO" mice have normal lifespans and a higher cancer incidence. Like Myc, the expression of Mlx, MondoA, and ChREBP and their control over their target genes deteriorate with age in both mice and humans. Collectively, these findings underscore the importance of lifelong and balanced cross-talk between the two networks to maintain proper function and regulation of the many factors that can affect normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Taylor Stevens
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Jie Lu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Alexander Roberts
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Clinton Van't Land
- Division of Medical Genetics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Radhika Muzumdar
- Division of Endocrinology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Zhenwei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division of Medical Genetics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Edward V Prochownik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
- The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
- The Hillman Cancer Center of UPMC, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- The Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
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2
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Haga M, Iida K, Okada M. Positive and negative feedback regulation of the TGF-β1 explains two equilibrium states in skin aging. iScience 2024; 27:109708. [PMID: 38706856 PMCID: PMC11066433 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
During aging, skin homeostasis is essential for maintaining appearance, as well as biological defense of the human body. In this study, we identified thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) and fibromodulin (FMOD) as positive and negative regulators, respectively, of the TGF-β1-SMAD4 axis in human skin aging, based on in vitro and in vivo omics analyses and mathematical modeling. Using transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses of senescent dermal fibroblasts, TGF-β1 was identified as the key upstream regulator. Bifurcation analysis revealed a binary high-/low-TGF-β1 switch, with THBS1 as the main controller. Computational simulation of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway indicated that THBS1 expression was sensitively regulated, whereas FMOD was regulated robustly. Results of sensitivity analysis and validation showed that inhibition of SMAD4 complex formation was a promising method to control THBS1 production and senescence. Therefore, this study demonstrated the potential of combining data-driven target discovery with mathematical approaches to determine the mechanisms underlying skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Haga
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Basic Research Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Keita Iida
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mariko Okada
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Marcon F, Giunta S, Bignami M. Emerging roles of DNA repair factors in the stability of centromeres. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:121-129. [PMID: 37852903 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Satellite DNA sequences are an integral part of centromeres, regions critical for faithful segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Because of their complex repetitive structure, satellite DNA may act as a barrier to DNA replication and other DNA based transactions ultimately resulting in chromosome breakage. Over the past two decades, several DNA repair proteins have been shown to bind and function at centromeres. While the importance of these repair factors is highlighted by various structural and numerical chromosome aberrations resulting from their inactivation, their roles in helping to maintain genome stability by solving the intrinsic difficulties of satellite DNA replication or promoting their repair are just starting to emerge. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of DNA repair and DNA damage response proteins in maintaining the structure and function of centromeres in different contexts. We also report the recent connection between the roles of specific DNA repair factors at these genomic loci with age-related increase of chromosomal instability under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marcon
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simona Giunta
- Laboratory of Genome Evolution, Department of Biology and Biotechnologies Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Margherita Bignami
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Hasan A, Khan NA, Uddin S, Khan AQ, Steinhoff M. Deregulated transcription factors in the emerging cancer hallmarks. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:31-50. [PMID: 38123029 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a multifaceted process that entails several stages and demands the persistent expression or activation of transcription factors (TFs) to facilitate growth and survival. TFs are a cluster of proteins with DNA-binding domains that attach to promoter or enhancer DNA strands to start the transcription of genes by collaborating with RNA polymerase and other supporting proteins. They are generally acknowledged as the major regulatory molecules that coordinate biological homeostasis and the appropriate functioning of cellular components, subsequently contributing to human physiology. TFs proteins are crucial for controlling transcription during the embryonic stage and development, and the stability of different cell types depends on how they function in different cell types. The development and progression of cancer cells and tumors might be triggered by any anomaly in transcription factor function. It has long been acknowledged that cancer development is accompanied by the dysregulated activity of TF alterations which might result in faulty gene expression. Recent studies have suggested that dysregulated transcription factors play a major role in developing various human malignancies by altering and rewiring metabolic processes, modifying the immune response, and triggering oncogenic signaling cascades. This review emphasizes the interplay between TFs involved in metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, evading immune attacks, cellular senescence, and the maintenance of cancer stemness in cancerous cells. The insights presented herein will facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic modalities to tackle the dysregulated transcription factors underlying cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Wang H, Stevens T, Lu J, Roberts A, Land CV, Muzumdar R, Gong Z, Vockley J, Prochownik EV. The Myc-Like Mlx Network Impacts Aging and Metabolism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.26.568749. [PMID: 38076995 PMCID: PMC10705233 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.26.568749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The "Mlx" and "Myc" Networks share many common gene targets. Just as Myc's activity depends upon its heterodimerization with Max, the Mlx Network requires that the Max-like factor Mlx associate with the Myc-like factors MondoA or ChREBP. We show here that body-wide Mlx inactivation, like that of Myc, accelerates numerous aging-related phenotypes pertaining to body habitus and metabolism. The deregulation of numerous aging-related Myc target gene sets is also accelerated. Among other functions, these gene sets often regulate ribosomal and mitochondrial structure and function, genomic stability and aging. Whereas "MycKO" mice have an extended lifespan because of a lower cancer incidence, "MlxKO" mice have normal lifespans and a somewhat higher cancer incidence. Like Myc, Mlx, MondoA and ChREBP expression and that of their target genes, deteriorate with age in both mice and humans, underscoring the importance of life-long and balanced cross-talk between the two Networks to maintain normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | - Taylor Stevens
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | - Jie Lu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | - Alexander Roberts
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | | | - Radhika Muzumdar
- Division of Endocrinology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | - Zhenwei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division of Medical Genetics, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | - Edward V. Prochownik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
- The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UPMC
- The Hillman Cancer Center of UPMC
- The Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA. 15224
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Berthon JY, Cabannes M, Bouton C, Carre M, Bridon E, Filaire E. In vitro, ex vivo and clinical approaches to evaluate the potential effect of Gentiana lutea extract on skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:688-698. [PMID: 37365865 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dark circles affect subjects of all ages and in all skin types. They can be treated by various methods, particular by topical solutions. This investigation was directed towards exploring the effect of gentiopicroside (GP) on the skin around the eyes. For this, an extract of Gentiana lutea (GIE) containing GP (65% by dry matter) was evaluated on oxidant and angiogenesis parameters using in vitro and ex-vivo studies. A clinical experimentation was also realized. METHODS The effect of GIE at different concentrations on antioxidant gene was evaluated in vitro by RT-qPCR after treatment of NHDF. The effect of 2.93 μg mL-1 GIE on the release of VEGF-A and VEGF-C by NHDF was also studied. The effect of 87.9 μg mL-1 GIE was also evaluated on pseudotube formation in a coculture system of normal dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-d)-NHDF stimulated or not with VEGF as pro-angiogenic factor. Prior to these assays, preliminary cytotoxicity assays were performed using a standard WST-8 reduction assay. The expressions of carboxymethyl-lysine and glyoxalase-1 were quantified on skin explants topically treated with 147 μg mL-1 GIE in basal and UVA-irradiated conditions. A clinical study was conducted in 22 subjects using topical twice daily for 14 days on eye area (split-face application: cream containing 147 μg mL-1 GIE versus placebo). 3D image acquisition and skin colour measurement were performed at D0 and D14. RESULTS Treatment of GIE upregulated the gene expression of NFE2L2 and downregulated the expression of CXCL8. GIE targeted AGEs pathways and reduced the formation of pseudotubes. A total of 147 μg mL-1 GIE gel cream significantly reduced significantly the average roughness and relief of the upper eyelid skin as well as the redness of dark circles after 14 days of application. CONCLUSION By acting on the pathway of AGEs, VEGF-A and VEFG-C, GIE seems to allow a rejuvenation of the skin resulting, among others, in a decrease in redness. It now would be interesting to evaluate the efficacy of GIE on skin around eyes microbiota, antibacterial gentiopicroside property being well-established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Edith Filaire
- UMR 1019 INRAE-University Clermont-Auvergne, UNH (Human Nutrition Unity), ECREIN Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Groupe ICARE. Biopôle. Rue Emile Duclaux, Saint Beauzire, France
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Park J, Kim H, Alabdalla L, Mishra S, Mchaourab H. Generation and characterization of a zebrafish knockout model of abcb4, a homolog of the human multidrug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:84. [PMID: 37674192 PMCID: PMC10481557 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), encoding a multidrug transporter referred to as P-glycoprotein (Pgp), plays a critical role in the efflux of xenobiotics in humans and is implicated in cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, developing high-throughput animal models to screen for Pgp function and bioavailability of substrates and inhibitors is paramount. Here, we generated and validated a zebrafish knockout line of abcb4, a human Pgp transporter homolog. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology was deployed to generate a frameshift mutation in exon 4 of zebrafish abcb4. The zebrafish abcb4 homozygous mutant exhibited elevated accumulation of fluorescent rhodamine 123, a substrate of human Pgp, in the intestine and brain area of embryos. Moreover, abcb4 knockout embryos were sensitized toward toxic compounds such as doxorubicin and vinblastine compared to the WT zebrafish. Immunostaining for zebrafish Abcb4 colocalized in the endothelial brain cells of adult zebrafish. Transcriptome profiling using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis uncovered that the 'cell cycle process,' 'mitotic cell cycles,' and 'microtubule-based process' were significantly downregulated in the abcb4 knockout brain with age. This study establishes and validates the abcb4 knockout zebrafish as an animal model to study Pgp function in vivo. Unexpectedly it reveals a potentially novel role for zebrafish abcb4 in age-related changes in the brain. The zebrafish lines generated here will provide a platform to aid in the discovery of modulators of Pgp function as well as the characterization of human mutants thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Park
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - Hyosung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leen Alabdalla
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - Smriti Mishra
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - Hassane Mchaourab
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA.
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Park J, Kim H, Alabdalla L, Mishra S, Mchaourab H. Generation and characterization of a zebrafish knockout model of abcb4, a homolog of the human multidrug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3192988. [PMID: 37546821 PMCID: PMC10402247 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3192988/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), encoding a multidrug transporter referred to as P-glycoprotein (Pgp), plays a critical role in the efflux of xenobiotics in humans and is implicated in cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, developing high throughput animal models to screen for Pgp function and bioavailability of substrates and inhibitors is paramount. Here, we generated and validated a zebrafish knockout line of abcb4 , a human Pgp transporter homolog. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology was deployed to generate a frameshift mutation in exon 4 of zebrafish abcb4 . The zebrafish abcb4 homozygous mutant exhibited elevated accumulation of fluorescent rhodamine 123, a substrate of human Pgp, in the intestine and brain area of embryos. Moreover, abcb4 knockout embryos were sensitized toward toxic compounds such as doxorubicin and vinblastine compared to the WT zebrafish. Immuno-staining for zebrafish Abcb4 colocalized in the endothelial brain cells of adult zebrafish. Transcriptome profiling using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) uncovered that the 'cell cycle process,' 'mitotic cell cycles,' and 'microtubule-based process' were significantly downregulated in the abcb4 knockout brain with age. This study establishes and validates the a bcb4 knockout zebrafish as an animal model to study Pgp function in vivo. Unexpectedly it reveals a potentially novel role for zebrafish abcb4 in age-related changes in the brain. The zebrafish lines generated here will provide a platform to aid in the discovery of modulators of Pgp function as well as the characterization of human mutants thereof.
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Kirsch-Volders M, Fenech M. Towards prevention of aneuploidy-associated cellular senescence and aging: more questions than answers? MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2023; 792:108474. [PMID: 37866738 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to discuss how aneuploidy contributes to the aging process, and to identify plausible strategies for its prevention. After an overview of mechanisms leading to aneuploidy and the major features of cellular senescence, we discuss the link between (i) aneuploidy and cellular senescence; (ii) aneuploidy and aging; and (iii) cellular senescence and aging. We also consider (i) interactions between aneuploidy, micronuclei, cellular senescence and aging, (ii) the potential of nutritional treatments to prevent aneuploidy-associated senescence and aging, and (iii) knowledge and technological gaps. Evidence for a causal link between aneuploidy, senescence and aging is emerging. In vitro, aneuploidy accompanies the entry into cellular senescence and can itself induce senescence. How aneuploidy contributes in vivo to cellular senescence is less clear. Several routes depending on aneuploidy and/or senescence converge towards chronic inflammation, the major driver of unhealthy aging. Aneuploidy can induce the pro-inflammatory Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), either directly or as a result of micronucleus (MN) induction leading to leakage of DNA into the cytoplasm and triggering of the cGAS-STING pathway of innate immune response. A major difficulty in understanding the impact of aneuploidy on senescence and aging in vivo, results from the heterogeneity of cellular senescence in different tissues at the cytological and molecular level. Due to this complexity, there is at the present time no biomarker or biomarker combination characteristic for all types of senescent cells. In conclusion, a deeper understanding of the critical role aneuploidy plays in cellular senescence and aging is essential to devise practical strategies to protect human populations from aneuploidy-associated pathologies. We discuss emerging evidence, based on in vitro and in vivo studies, that adequate amounts of specific micronutrients are essential for prevention of aneuploidy in humans and that precise nutritional intervention may be essential to help avoid the scourge of aneuploidy-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheline Kirsch-Volders
- Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Department Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Michael Fenech
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, SA 5000, Australia; Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia.
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Kandhaya-Pillai R, Miro-Mur F, Alijotas-Reig J, Tchkonia T, Schwartz S, Kirkland JL, Oshima J. Key elements of cellular senescence involve transcriptional repression of mitotic and DNA repair genes through the p53-p16/RB-E2F-DREAM complex. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:4012-4034. [PMID: 37219418 PMCID: PMC10258023 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a dynamic stress response process that contributes to aging. From initiation to maintenance, senescent cells continuously undergo complex molecular changes and develop an altered transcriptome. Understanding how the molecular architecture of these cells evolve to sustain their non-proliferative state will open new therapeutic avenues to alleviate or delay the consequences of aging. Seeking to understand these molecular changes, we studied the transcriptomic profiles of endothelial replication-induced senescence and senescence induced by the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α. We previously reported gene expressional pattern, pathways, and the mechanisms associated with upregulated genes during TNF-α induced senescence. Here, we extend our work and find downregulated gene signatures of both replicative and TNF-α senescence were highly overlapped, involving the decreased expression of several genes associated with cell cycle regulation, DNA replication, recombination, repair, chromatin structure, cellular assembly, and organization. We identified multiple targets of p53/p16-RB-E2F-DREAM that are essential for proliferation, mitotic progression, resolving DNA damage, maintaining chromatin integrity, and DNA synthesis that were repressed in senescent cells. We show that repression of multiple target genes in the p53/p16-RB-E2F-DREAM pathway collectively contributes to the stability of the senescent arrest. Our findings show that the regulatory connection between DREAM and cellular senescence may play a potential role in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Kandhaya-Pillai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Francesc Miro-Mur
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Jaume Alijotas-Reig
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Simo Schwartz
- Drug Delivery and Targeting Group, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Cheng J, Zheng H, Liu C, Jin J, Xing Z, Wu Y. Age-Associated UBE2O Reduction Promotes Neuronal Death in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221143. [PMID: 37182872 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease leading to dementia in the elderly. Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is critical for protein homeostasis, while the functional decline of UPS with age contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2O (UBE2O), an E2-E3 hybrid enzyme, is a major component of UPS. However, its role in AD pathogenesis has not been fully defined. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify the age-associated expression of UBE2O and its role AD pathogenesis. METHODS Western blot analysis were used to assess expression of UBE2O in organs/tissues and cell lines. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to examine the cellular distribution of UBE2O. Neuronal death was determined by the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. RESULTS UBE2O is highly expressed in the cortex and hippocampus. It is predominantly expressed in neurons but not in glial cells. The peak expression of UBE2O is at postnatal day 17 and 14 in the cortex and hippocampus, respectively. Moreover its expression is gradually reduced with age. Importantly, UBE2O is significantly reduced in both cortex and hippocampus of AD mice. Consistently, overexpression of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) with a pathogenic mutation (AβPPswe) for AD reduces the expression of UBE2O and promotes neuronal death, while increased expression of UBE2O rescues AβPPswe-induced neuronal death. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that age-associated reduction of UBE2O may facilitates neuronal death in AD, while increasing UBE2O expression or activity may be a potential approach for AD treatment by inhibiting neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Huancheng Zheng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Alberta Institute, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiabin Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenkai Xing
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment & Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Starkova T, Polyanichko A, Tomilin AN, Chikhirzhina E. Structure and Functions of HMGB2 Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098334. [PMID: 37176041 PMCID: PMC10179549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High-Mobility Group (HMG) chromosomal proteins are the most numerous nuclear non-histone proteins. HMGB domain proteins are the most abundant and well-studied HMG proteins. They are involved in variety of biological processes. HMGB1 and HMGB2 were the first members of HMGB-family to be discovered and are found in all studied eukaryotes. Despite the high degree of homology, HMGB1 and HMGB2 proteins differ from each other both in structure and functions. In contrast to HMGB2, there is a large pool of works devoted to the HMGB1 protein whose structure-function properties have been described in detail in our previous review in 2020. In this review, we attempted to bring together diverse data about the structure and functions of the HMGB2 protein. The review also describes post-translational modifications of the HMGB2 protein and its role in the development of a number of diseases. Particular attention is paid to its interaction with various targets, including DNA and protein partners. The influence of the level of HMGB2 expression on various processes associated with cell differentiation and aging and its ability to mediate the differentiation of embryonic and adult stem cells are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Starkova
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Stem Cells, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Polyanichko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Stem Cells, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey N Tomilin
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Stem Cells, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Chikhirzhina
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Stem Cells, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Dhital B, Rodriguez-Bravo V. Mechanisms of chromosomal instability (CIN) tolerance in aggressive tumors: surviving the genomic chaos. Chromosome Res 2023; 31:15. [PMID: 37058263 PMCID: PMC10104937 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-023-09724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a pervasive feature of human cancers involved in tumor initiation and progression and which is found elevated in metastatic stages. CIN can provide survival and adaptation advantages to human cancers. However, too much of a good thing may come at a high cost for tumor cells as excessive degree of CIN-induced chromosomal aberrations can be detrimental for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Thus, aggressive tumors adapt to cope with ongoing CIN and most likely develop unique susceptibilities that can be their Achilles' heel. Determining the differences between the tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing effects of CIN at the molecular level has become one of the most exciting and challenging aspects in cancer biology. In this review, we summarized the state of knowledge regarding the mechanisms reported to contribute to the adaptation and perpetuation of aggressive tumor cells carrying CIN. The use of genomics, molecular biology, and imaging techniques is significantly enhancing the understanding of the intricate mechanisms involved in the generation of and adaptation to CIN in experimental models and patients, which were not possible to observe decades ago. The current and future research opportunities provided by these advanced techniques will facilitate the repositioning of CIN exploitation as a feasible therapeutic opportunity and valuable biomarker for several types of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittiny Dhital
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Thomas Jefferson University Graduate School, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Kohler V, Andréasson C. Reversible protein assemblies in the proteostasis network in health and disease. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1155521. [PMID: 37021114 PMCID: PMC10067754 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1155521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While proteins populating their native conformations constitute the functional entities of cells, protein aggregates are traditionally associated with cellular dysfunction, stress and disease. During recent years, it has become clear that large aggregate-like protein condensates formed via liquid-liquid phase separation age into more solid aggregate-like particles that harbor misfolded proteins and are decorated by protein quality control factors. The constituent proteins of the condensates/aggregates are disentangled by protein disaggregation systems mainly based on Hsp70 and AAA ATPase Hsp100 chaperones prior to their handover to refolding and degradation systems. Here, we discuss the functional roles that condensate formation/aggregation and disaggregation play in protein quality control to maintain proteostasis and why it matters for understanding health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Kohler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Claes Andréasson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Kaltsas A, Moustakli E, Zikopoulos A, Georgiou I, Dimitriadis F, Symeonidis EN, Markou E, Michaelidis TM, Tien DMB, Giannakis I, Ioannidou EM, Papatsoris A, Tsounapi P, Takenaka A, Sofikitis N, Zachariou A. Impact of Advanced Paternal Age on Fertility and Risks of Genetic Disorders in Offspring. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:486. [PMID: 36833413 PMCID: PMC9957550 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The average age of fathers at first pregnancy has risen significantly over the last decade owing to various variables, including a longer life expectancy, more access to contraception, later marriage, and other factors. As has been proven in several studies, women over 35 years of age have an increased risk of infertility, pregnancy problems, spontaneous abortion, congenital malformations, and postnatal issues. There are varying opinions on whether a father's age affects the quality of his sperm or his ability to father a child. First, there is no single accepted definition of old age in a father. Second, much research has reported contradictory findings in the literature, particularly concerning the most frequently examined criteria. Increasing evidence suggests that the father's age contributes to his offspring's higher vulnerability to inheritable diseases. Our comprehensive literature evaluation shows a direct correlation between paternal age and decreased sperm quality and testicular function. Genetic abnormalities, such as DNA mutations and chromosomal aneuploidies, and epigenetic modifications, such as the silencing of essential genes, have all been linked to the father's advancing years. Paternal age has been shown to affect reproductive and fertility outcomes, such as the success rate of in vitro fertilisation (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and premature birth rate. Several diseases, including autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and paediatric leukaemia, have been linked to the father's advanced years. Therefore, informing infertile couples of the alarming correlations between older fathers and a rise in their offspring's diseases is crucial, so that they can be effectively guided through their reproductive years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Kaltsas
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Efthalia Moustakli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics in Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Athanasios Zikopoulos
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis Georgiou
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics in Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Fotios Dimitriadis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelos N. Symeonidis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Markou
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Theologos M. Michaelidis
- Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dung Mai Ba Tien
- Department of Andrology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Ioannis Giannakis
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Athanasios Papatsoris
- 2nd Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian Univesity of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Tsounapi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takenaka
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Athanasios Zachariou
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Paiano J, Nussenzweig A. Nascent DNA sequencing and its diverse applications in genome integrity research. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 182:67-81. [PMID: 38359988 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple DNA repair pathways and biological responses to DNA damage have evolved to protect cells from various types of lesions to which they are subjected. Although DNA repair systems are mechanistically distinct, all process the damaged region and then insert new bases to fill the gap. In 1969, Robert Painter developed an assay called "unscheduled" DNA synthesis (UDS), which measures DNA repair synthesis as the uptake of radiolabeled DNA precursors distinct from replicative synthesis. Contemporary detection of nascent DNA during repair by next-generation sequencing grants genome-wide information about the nature of lesions that threaten genome integrity. Recently, we developed the SAR-seq (synthesis associated with repair sequencing) method, which provides a high-resolution view of UDS. SAR-seq has been utilized to map programmed DNA repair sites in non-dividing neurons, replication initiation zones, monitor 53BP1 function in countering end-resection, and to identify regions of the genome that fail to complete replication during S phase but utilize repair synthesis during mitosis (MiDAS). As an example of SAR-seq, we present data showing that sites replicated during mitosis correspond to common fragile sites, which have been linked to tumor progression, cellular senescence, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Paiano
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - André Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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Shirouzu S, Sugita N, Choijookhuu N, Yamaguma Y, Takeguchi K, Ishizuka T, Tanaka M, Fidya F, Kai K, Chosa E, Yamashita Y, Koshimoto C, Hishikawa Y. Pivotal role of High-Mobility Group Box 2 in ovarian folliculogenesis and fertility. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:133. [PMID: 36539852 PMCID: PMC9769043 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) and HMGB2 are chromatin-associated proteins that belong to the HMG protein family, and are involved in the regulation of DNA transcription during cell differentiation, proliferation and regeneration in various tissues. However, the role of HMGB2 in ovarian folliculogenesis is largely unknown. METHODS We investigated the functional role of HMGB1 and HMGB2 in ovarian folliculogenesis and fertilization using C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and HMGB2-knockout (KO) mice. Ovarian tissues were obtained from WT and HMGB2-KO mice at postnatal days 0, 3, 7, and 2, 6 months of age, then performed immunohistochemistry, qPCR and Western blotting analyses. Oocyte fertilization capability was examined by natural breeding and in vitro fertilization experiments. RESULTS In HMGB2-KO mice, ovary weight was decreased due to reduced numbers of oocytes and follicles. Natural breeding and in vitro fertilization results indicated that HMGB2-KO mice are subfertile, but not sterile. Immunohistochemistry showed that oocytes expressed HMGB2, but not HMGB1, in neonatal and adult WT ovaries. Interestingly, in HMGB2-KO ovaries, a compensatory increase in HMGB1 was found in oocyte nuclei of neonatal and 2-month-old mice; however, this was lost at 6 months of age. CONCLUSIONS The depletion of HMGB2 led to alterations in ovarian morphology and function, suggesting that HMGB2 plays an essential role in ovarian development, folliculogenesis and fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Shirouzu
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Naohiro Sugita
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Narantsog Choijookhuu
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Yu Yamaguma
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Kanako Takeguchi
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Division of Bio-resources, Department of Biotechnology, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 5200, 889-1692 Japan
| | - Takumi Ishizuka
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Mio Tanaka
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Fidya Fidya
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Kengo Kai
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889–1692 Japan
| | - Etsuo Chosa
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamashita
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
| | - Chihiro Koshimoto
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Division of Bio-resources, Department of Biotechnology, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 5200, 889-1692 Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hishikawa
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1692 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki Japan
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Guo X, Dong Z, Li Q, Wan D, Zhong J, Dongzhi D, Huang M. Flavonoids from Rhododendron nivale Hook. f delay aging via modulation of gut microbiota and glutathione metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154270. [PMID: 35760023 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhododendron nivale Hook. f (R.n), one of the four Manna Stash used in Tibetan medicine to delay aging, possesses anti-aging pharmacological activity. However, which R.n ingredients contain anti-aging properties and the underlying mechanisms involved are unclear. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Based on interactions between gut microbiota and natural medicines and the important role of gut microbiota in anti-aging, the study investigated the hypothesis that R.n possesses anti-aging properties and the interaction of gut microbiota with R.n is responsible for its anti-aging effects. STUDY DESIGN The primary active ingredients of R.n and their target function and pathway enrichment were explored. An aging mouse model was used to clarify the underlying anti-aging mechanisms of R.n. METHODS Chromatography, spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic technology, and pharmacology were used to reveal the major active ingredients of ethanol extract residues of R.n (RNEA). The target function and pathway enrichment of these active ingredients were explored. Plasma metabolomics coupled with intestinal flora evaluation and bioinformatics analysis was used to clarify the underlying anti-aging mechanisms of RNEA. RESULTS Myricetin-3-β-D-xylopyranoside, hyperin, goospetin-8-methyl ether 3-β-D-galactoside, and diplomorphanin B were separated and identified from RNEA. The network pharmacology study revealed that the active ingredients' target function and pathway enrichment focused mainly on the glutathione antioxidant system. In a D-galactose-induced mouse model of aging, RNEA was shown to possess suitable anti-aging pharmacological activity, as indicated by the amelioration of memory loss and weakened superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Plasma metabolomics coupled with intestinal flora examination and bioinformatics analysis revealed that RNEA could regulate the expression of glutathione-related enzymes and ameliorate D-galactose-induced imbalances in methionine, glycine, and serine, and betaine and galactose metabolism. The results showed that RNEA reshaped the disordered intestinal flora and mitigated the D-galactose-mediated decline in glutathione oxidase expression, further confirming that the anti-aging effect of RNEA was closely related to regulation of the glutathione antioxidant system. CONCLUSION RNEA, consisting of myricetin-3-β-D-xylopyranoside, hyperin, goospetin-8-methyl ether 3-β-D-galactoside, and diplomorphanin B, possesses anti-aging activity. The anti-aging effect of RNEA might be due to reshaping intestinal flora homeostasis, increasing the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the intestines and liver, enhancing glutathione peroxidase activity, and reinforcing the glutathione antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Development, Tibetan Medicine Research Center, Tibetan Medicial College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qien Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Development, Tibetan Medicine Research Center, Tibetan Medicial College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Digao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Development, Tibetan Medicine Research Center, Tibetan Medicial College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Jiangbin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Development, Tibetan Medicine Research Center, Tibetan Medicial College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Duojie Dongzhi
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Development, Tibetan Medicine Research Center, Tibetan Medicial College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Meizhou Huang
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Ouchi Y, Sahu SK, Izpisua Belmonte JC. FOXM1 delays senescence and extends lifespan. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:373-374. [PMID: 37118068 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00222-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Ouchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Jacob J, Aggarwal A, Aggarwal A, Bhattacharyya S, Kumar V, Sharma V, Sahni D. Senescent chondrogenic progenitor cells derived from articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis patients contributes to senescence-associated secretory phenotype via release of IL-6 and IL-8. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151867. [PMID: 35192993 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the presence of chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) in knee osteoarthritis patients they are unable to repair the damaged cartilage. This study aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in the CPCs derived from osteoarthritic cartilage and compare with the CPCs of healthy articular cartilage. METHODS Isolated CPCs were characterized based on phenotypic expression of stem cell markers, clonogenicity, and tri-lineage differentiation assay. Production of ROS was measured using DCFDA assay. Cellular senescence in CPCs was assessed by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase assay and expression of senescence markers at the gene level using real-time PCR. Morphological features associated with senescent OA-CPCs were studied using scanning electron microscopy. To study SASP, the production of inflammatory cytokines was assessed in the culture supernatant using a flow-cytometer based cytometric bead array. RESULTS OA-CPCs exhibited elevated ROS levels along with a relatively high percentage of senescent cells compared to non-OA CPCs, and a positive correlation exists between ROS production and senescence. The morphological assessment of senescent CPCs revealed increased cell size and multiple nuclei in senescent OA-CPCs. These results were further validated by elevated expression of senescence genes p16, p21, and p53. Additionally, culture supernatant of senescent OA-CPCs expressed IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines indicative of SASP. CONCLUSIONS Despite exhibiting similar expression of stem cell markers and clonogenicity, CPCs undergo oxidative stress in diseased knee joint leading to increased production of intracellular ROS in chondrogenic progenitor cells that support cellular senescence. Further, senescence in OA-CPCs is mediated via the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Jacob
- Department of Anatomy, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Anjali Aggarwal
- Department of Anatomy, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Aditya Aggarwal
- Department of Orthopedics, Nehru Hospital, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biophysics, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Orthopedics, Nehru Hospital, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Vinit Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Daisy Sahni
- Department of Anatomy, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
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Abstract
Aneuploidy, a genomic alternation characterized by deviations in the copy number of chromosomes, affects organisms from early development through to aging. Although it is a main cause of human pregnancy loss and a hallmark of cancer, how aneuploidy affects cellular function has been elusive. The last two decades have seen rapid advances in the understanding of the causes and consequences of aneuploidy at the molecular and cellular levels. These studies have uncovered effects of aneuploidy that can be beneficial or detrimental to cells and organisms in an environmental context-dependent and karyotype-dependent manner. Aneuploidy also imposes general stress on cells that stems from an imbalanced genome and, consequently, also an imbalanced proteome. These insights provide the fundamental framework for understanding the impact of aneuploidy in genome evolution, human pathogenesis and drug resistance.
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Roger L, Tomas F, Gire V. Mechanisms and Regulation of Cellular Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313173. [PMID: 34884978 PMCID: PMC8658264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence entails a state of an essentially irreversible proliferative arrest in which cells remain metabolically active and secrete a range of pro-inflammatory and proteolytic factors as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. There are different types of senescent cells, and senescence can be induced in response to many DNA damage signals. Senescent cells accumulate in different tissues and organs where they have distinct physiological and pathological functions. Despite this diversity, all senescent cells must be able to survive in a nondividing state while protecting themselves from positive feedback loops linked to the constant activation of the DNA damage response. This capacity requires changes in core cellular programs. Understanding how different cell types can undergo extensive changes in their transcriptional programs, metabolism, heterochromatin patterns, and cellular structures to induce a common cellular state is crucial to preventing cancer development/progression and to improving health during aging. In this review, we discuss how senescent cells continuously evolve after their initial proliferative arrest and highlight the unifying features that define the senescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauréline Roger
- Structure and Instability of Genomes Laboratory, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), CNRS-UMR 7196/INSERM U1154, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Fanny Tomas
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Véronique Gire
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-434359513; Fax: +33-(0)-434359410
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Liu X, Wang H, Zhao G. Centromere Protein A Goes Far Beyond the Centromere in Cancers. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:3-10. [PMID: 34465586 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Centromere dysfunctions leading to numerical chromosome alterations are believed to be closely related to human cancers. As a centromere-specific protein, centromere protein A (CENP-A) replaces the histone H3 in centromeres and is therefore considered a key factor of centromere identity. Researches have shown that CENP-A is overexpressed in many types of human cancers. However, the behavior and function of CENP-A in tumorigenesis have not yet been systematically summarized. In this article, we describe the pleiotropic roles of CENP-A in human cells. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on the relationship between aberrant expression and ectopic localization of CENP-A and tumorigenesis, and the mechanism of the ectopic deposition of CENP-A in cancers. Furthermore, we note that some oncogenic viruses can modulate the expression and localization of this centromere protein along with its chaperone. At last, we also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting CENP-A for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Liu
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. .,Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guojun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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24
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CCM2-deficient endothelial cells undergo a ROCK-dependent reprogramming into senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:843-860. [PMID: 34342749 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a cerebrovascular disease in which stacks of dilated haemorrhagic capillaries form focally in the brain. Whether and how defective mechanotransduction, cellular mosaicism and inflammation interplay to sustain the progression of CCM disease is unknown. Here, we reveal that CCM1- and CCM2-silenced endothelial cells expanded in vitro enter into senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that they use to invade the extracellular matrix and attract surrounding wild-type endothelial and immune cells. Further, we demonstrate that this SASP is driven by the cytoskeletal, molecular and transcriptomic disorders provoked by ROCK dysfunctions. By this, we propose that CCM2 and ROCK could be parts of a scaffold controlling senescence, bringing new insights into the emerging field of the control of ageing by cellular mechanics. These in vitro findings reconcile the known dysregulated traits of CCM2-deficient endothelial cells into a unique endothelial fate. Based on these in vitro results, we propose that a SASP could link the increased ROCK-dependent cell contractility in CCM2-deficient endothelial cells with microenvironment remodelling and long-range chemo-attraction of endothelial and immune cells.
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25
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Dai X, Guo X. Decoding and rejuvenating human ageing genomes: Lessons from mosaic chromosomal alterations. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 68:101342. [PMID: 33866012 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the most curious findings emerged from genome-wide studies over the last decade was that genetic mosaicism is a dominant feature of human ageing genomes. The clonal dominance of genetic mosaicism occurs preceding the physiological and physical ageing and associates with propensity for diseases including cancer, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. These findings are revolutionizing the ways biologists thinking about health and disease pathogenesis. Among all mosaic mutations in ageing genomes, mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) have the most significant functional consequences because they can produce intercellular genomic variations simultaneously involving dozens to hundreds or even thousands genes, and therefore have most profound effects in human ageing and disease etiology. Here, we provide a comprehensive picture of the landscapes, causes, consequences and rejuvenation of mCAs at multiple scales, from cell to human population, by reviewing data from cytogenetic, genetic and genomic studies in cells, animal models (fly and mouse) and, more frequently, large-cohort populations. A detailed decoding of ageing genomes with a focus on mCAs may yield important insights into the genomic architecture of human ageing, accelerate the risk stratification of age-related diseases (particularly cancers) and development of novel targets and strategies for delaying or rejuvenating human (genome) ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Xihan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Environmental Mutagen Society, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
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26
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Kirsch-Volders M, Fenech M. Inflammatory cytokine storms severity may be fueled by interactions of micronuclei and RNA viruses such as COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2. A hypothesis. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 788:108395. [PMID: 34893160 PMCID: PMC8479308 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this review we bring together evidence that (i) RNA viruses are a cause of chromosomal instability and micronuclei (MN), (ii) those individuals with high levels of lymphocyte MN have a weakened immune response and are more susceptible to RNA virus infection and (iii) both RNA virus infection and MN formation can induce inflammatory cytokine production. Based on these observations we propose a hypothesis that those who harbor elevated frequencies of MN within their cells are more prone to RNA virus infection and are more likely, through combined effects of leakage of self-DNA from MN and RNA from viruses, to escalate pro-inflammatory cytokine production via the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and the Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) mechanisms to an extent that is unresolvable and therefore confers high risk of causing tissue damage by an excessive and overtly toxic immune response. The corollaries from this hypothesis are (i) those with abnormally high MN frequency are more prone to infection by RNA viruses; (ii) the extent of cytokine production and pro-inflammatory response to infection by RNA viruses is enhanced and possibly exceeds threshold levels that may be unresolvable in those with elevated MN levels in affected organs; (iii) reduction of MN frequency by improving nutrition and life-style factors increases resistance to RNA virus infection and moderates inflammatory cytokine production to a level that is immunologically efficacious and survivable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheline Kirsch-Volders
- Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Department Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Michael Fenech
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA, 5048, Australia; Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, SA, 5000, Australia; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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27
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The dialogue between the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy: Implications in ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101203. [PMID: 33130248 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated proteostasis is one of the hallmarks of ageing. Damaged proteins may impair cellular function and their accumulation may lead to tissue dysfunction and disease. This is why protective mechanisms to safeguard the cell proteome have evolved. These mechanisms consist of cellular machineries involved in protein quality control, including regulators of protein translation, folding, trafficking and degradation. In eukaryotic cells, protein degradation occurs via two main pathways: the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Although distinct pathways, they are not isolated systems and have a complementary nature, as evidenced by recent studies. These findings raise the question of how autophagy and the proteasome crosstalk. In this review we address how the two degradation pathways impact each other, thereby adding a new layer of regulation to protein degradation. We also analyze the implications of the UPS and autophagy in ageing.
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28
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Lee Y, Shivashankar GV. Analysis of transcriptional modules during human fibroblast ageing. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19086. [PMID: 33154459 PMCID: PMC7645754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For systematic identification of transcription signatures of human cell aging, we carried out Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) with the RNA-sequencing data generated with young to old human dermal fibroblasts. By relating the modules to the donor's traits, we uncovered the natural aging- and premature aging disease-associated modules. The STRING functional association networks built with the core module memberships provided a systematic overview of genome-wide transcriptional changes upon aging. We validated the selected candidates via quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assay with young and aged human fibroblasts, and uncovered several genes involved in ECM, cell, and nuclear mechanics as a potential aging biomarker. Collectively, our study not only provides a snapshot of functional changes during human fibroblast aging but also presents potential aging markers that are relevant to cell mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaelim Lee
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - G V Shivashankar
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology (IFOM), Milan, Italy. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland. .,Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
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29
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Balzano E, Giunta S. Centromeres under Pressure: Evolutionary Innovation in Conflict with Conserved Function. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E912. [PMID: 32784998 PMCID: PMC7463522 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Centromeres are essential genetic elements that enable spindle microtubule attachment for chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. While this function is preserved across species, centromeres display an array of dynamic features, including: (1) rapidly evolving DNA; (2) wide evolutionary diversity in size, shape and organization; (3) evidence of mutational processes to generate homogenized repetitive arrays that characterize centromeres in several species; (4) tolerance to changes in position, as in the case of neocentromeres; and (5) intrinsic fragility derived by sequence composition and secondary DNA structures. Centromere drive underlies rapid centromere DNA evolution due to the "selfish" pursuit to bias meiotic transmission and promote the propagation of stronger centromeres. Yet, the origins of other dynamic features of centromeres remain unclear. Here, we review our current understanding of centromere evolution and plasticity. We also detail the mutagenic processes proposed to shape the divergent genetic nature of centromeres. Changes to centromeres are not simply evolutionary relics, but ongoing shifts that on one side promote centromere flexibility, but on the other can undermine centromere integrity and function with potential pathological implications such as genome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Balzano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Simona Giunta
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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30
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Fonseca Costa SS, Robinson-Rechavi M, Ripperger JA. Single-cell transcriptomics allows novel insights into aging and circadian processes. Brief Funct Genomics 2020; 19:343-349. [PMID: 32633783 PMCID: PMC7716582 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and circadian rhythms are two biological processes that affect an organism, although at different time scales. Nevertheless, due to the overlap of their actions, it was speculated that both interfere or interact with each other. However, to address this question, a much deeper insight into these processes is necessary, especially at the cellular level. New methods such as single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq) have the potential to close this gap in our knowledge. In this review, we analyze applications of scRNA-Seq from the aging and circadian rhythm fields and highlight new findings emerging from the analysis of single cells, especially in humans or rodents. Furthermore, we judge the potential of scRNA-Seq to identify common traits of both processes. Overall, this method offers several advantages over more traditional methods analyzing gene expression and will become an important tool to unravel the link between these biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Fonseca Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Robinson-Rechavi
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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31
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Yau KC, Arnaoutov A, Aksenova V, Kaufhold R, Chen S, Dasso M. RanBP1 controls the Ran pathway in mammalian cells through regulation of mitotic RCC1 dynamics. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1899-1916. [PMID: 32594833 PMCID: PMC7469662 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1782036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ran GTPase plays critical roles in multiple cellular processes including interphase nucleocytoplasmic transport and mitotic spindle assembly. During mitosis in mammalian cells, GTP-bound Ran (Ran-GTP) is concentrated near mitotic chromatin while GDP-bound Ran (Ran-GDP) is more abundant distal to chromosomes. This pattern spatially controls spindle formation because Ran-GTP locally releases spindle assembly factors (SAFs), such as Hepatoma Up-Regulated Protein (HURP), from inhibitory interactions near chromosomes. Regulator of Chromatin Condensation 1 (RCC1) is Ran’s chromatin-bound exchange factor, and RanBP1 is a conserved Ran-GTP-binding protein that has been implicated as a mitotic regulator of RCC1 in embryonic systems. Here, we show that RanBP1 controls mitotic RCC1 dynamics in human somatic tissue culture cells. In addition, we observed the re-localization of HURP in metaphase cells after RanBP1 degradation, consistent with the idea that altered RCC1 dynamics functionally modulate SAF activities. Together, our findings reveal an important mitotic role for RanBP1 in human somatic cells, controlling the spatial distribution and magnitude of mitotic Ran-GTP production and thereby ensuring the accurate execution of Ran-dependent mitotic events. Abbreviations AID: Auxin-induced degron; FLIP: Fluorescence loss in photobleaching; FRAP: Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching; GDP: guanosine diphosphate; GTP: guanosine triphosphate; HURP: Hepatoma Up-Regulated Protein; NE: nuclear envelope; NEBD: Nuclear Envelope Breakdown; RanBP1: Ran-binding protein 1; RanGAP1: Ran GTPase-Activating Protein 1; RCC1: Regulator of Chromatin Condensation 1; RRR complex: RCC1/Ran/RanBP1 heterotrimeric complex; SAF: Spindle Assembly Factor; TIR1: Transport Inhibitor Response 1 protein; XEE: Xenopus egg extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Chun Yau
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexei Arnaoutov
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vasilisa Aksenova
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ross Kaufhold
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shane Chen
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mary Dasso
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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32
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Abstract
The natural progressive dysfunction of most living organisms-ageing-has captured the attention of several studies, with the intention to develop rejuvenation strategies. Evidence is emerging of a positive correlation between natural ageing and chromosomal instability (CIN). In this issue of EMBO Reports, Barroso-Vilares et al [1] now show a link between ageing and the erroneous assembly of the apparatus required for a proper cellular division. They compare this mechanism in young and naturally aged human cells and describe a strategy to delay age-related CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tovini
- Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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33
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Wang D, Liu S, Xu S. Identification of hub genes, key pathways, and therapeutic agents in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome using bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19022. [PMID: 32049798 PMCID: PMC7035007 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare lethal premature and accelerated aging disease caused by mutations in the lamin A/C gene. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of cellular damage, senescence, and accelerated aging in HGPS are not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to screen potential key genes, pathways, and therapeutic agents of HGPS by using bioinformatics methods in this study. METHODS The gene expression profile of GSE113648 and GSE41751 were retrieved from the gene expression omnibus database and analyzed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HGPS and normal controls. Then, gene ontology and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis were carried out. To construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, we used STRING and Cytoscape to make module analysis of these DEGs. Besides, the connectivity map (cMAP) tool was used as well to predict potential drugs. RESULTS As a result, 180 upregulated DEGs and 345 downregulated DEGs were identified, which were significantly enriched in pathways in cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The top centrality hub genes fibroblast growth factor 2, decorin, matrix metallopeptidase2, and Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit were screened out as the critical genes among the DEGs from the PPI network. Dexibuprofen and parthenolide were predicted to be the possible agents for the treatment of HGPS by cMAP analysis. CONCLUSION This study identified key genes, signal pathways and therapeutic agents, which might help us improve our understanding of the mechanisms of HGPS and identify some new therapeutic agents for HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengchuan Wang
- Office of Medical Ethics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong
| | - Shengshuo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Shi Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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34
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Chaudhary M, Khan A, Gupta M. Skin Ageing: Pathophysiology and Current Market Treatment Approaches. Curr Aging Sci 2020; 13:22-30. [PMID: 31530270 PMCID: PMC7403684 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190809161115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a natural phenomenon which is a fold, ridge and crease in the skin that occurs due to loss of body mass, poor hydration, disintegration of dermis and epidermis junction. The Skin ageing process involves many changes that occur due to the combination of both endogenous factors (gene mutation, cellular metabolism, and hormonal factor) and exogenous factors (U.V, pollutants, chemical, and toxins). In 1950, the number of older people were found to be almost 205 million across the globe. But this number almost got 4 times by the year 2012 and the number of older persons increased to a massive amount of 810 million. The ageing of the skin occurs due to various mechanisms like glycation, free radical, cell cycle, and cellular and molecular mechanism of skin ageing. In this review article, we have discussed the treatment, worldwide newer therapies and marketed formulation that are currently available for the reduction of skin ageing. The most promising and revolutionizing field of nanotechnology is mostly applied in the field of dermatology, cosmetics, and biomedical applications. Nanotechnology also plays a vital role in increasing the efficacy of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manupriya Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushpvihar, Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi -110017, India
| | - Azmi Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushpvihar, Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi -110017, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushpvihar, Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi -110017, India
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35
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Pibiri M. Liver regeneration in aged mice: new insights. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:1801-1824. [PMID: 30157472 PMCID: PMC6128415 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of the liver after resection is reduced with aging. Recent studies on rodents revealed that both intracellular and extracellular factors are involved in the impairment of liver mass recovery during aging. Among the intracellular factors, age-dependent decrease of BubR1 (budding uninhibited by benzimidazole-related 1), YAP (Yes-associated protein) and SIRT1 (Sirtuin-1) have been associated to dampening of tissue reconstitution and inhibition of cell cycle genes following partial hepatectomy. Extra-cellular factors, such as age-dependent changes in hepatic stellate cells affect liver regeneration through inhibition of progenitor cells and reduction of liver perfusion. Furthermore, chronic release of pro-inflammatory proteins by senescent cells (SASP) affects cell proliferation suggesting that senescent cell clearance might improve tissue regeneration. Accordingly, young plasma restores liver regeneration in aged animals through autophagy re-establishment. This review will discuss how intracellular and extracellular factors cooperate to guarantee a proper liver regeneration and the possible causes of its impairment during aging. The possibility that an improvement of the liver regenerative capacity in elderly might be achieved through elimination of senescent cells via autophagy or by administration of direct mitogenic agents devoid of cytotoxicity will also be entertained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pibiri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oncology and Molecular Pathology Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09124, Italy
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36
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Gatinois V, Bigi N, Mousty E, Chiesa J, Musizzano Y, Schneider A, Lefort G, Pinson L, Gaillard JB, Ragon C, Perez MJ, Tournaire M, Blanchet P, Corsini C, Haquet E, Callier P, Geneviève D, Pellestor F, Puechberty J. Mosaic complete tetrasomy 21 in a fetus with complete atrioventricular septal defect and minor morphological variations. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00895. [PMID: 31493343 PMCID: PMC6825868 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tetrasomy 21 is a very rare aneuploidy which could clinically resemble a Down syndrome. It was most often described in its partial form than complete. We report the prenatal, pathological and genetic characteristics of a fetus with mosaic complete tetrasomy 21. This is the second well‐documented description of a complete tetrasomy 21 in the literature. Methods Prenatal and fetal pathological examinations, cytogenetic and molecular analyses were performed to characterize fetal features with tetrasomy 21. Results Prenatal ultrasound examination revealed an isolated complete atrioventricular septal defect with normal karyotype on amniotic fluid. After termination of pregnancy, clinical examination of the fetus evoked trisomy 21 or Down syndrome. Chromosomal microarray analysis and FISH on lung tissue showed a mosaicism with four copies of chromosome 21 (tetrasomy 21). Conclusion Our observation and the review of the literature reported the possibility of very weak mosaicism and disease‐causing confined tissue‐specific mosaicism in fetus or alive patients with chromosome 21 aneuploidy, mainly Down syndrome. In case of clinical diagnosis suggestive of Down syndrome, attention must be paid to the risk of false‐negative test due to chromosomal mosaicism (very weak percentage, different tissue distribution). To overcome this risk, it is necessary to privilege the diagnostic techniques without culture step and to increase the number of cells and tissues analyzed, if possible. This study highlights the limits of microarray as the unique diagnostic approach in case of weak mosaic and French cytogenetics guidelines recommend to check anomalies seen in microarray by another technique on the same tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gatinois
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicole Bigi
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eve Mousty
- Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Carémeau, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Jean Chiesa
- Laboratoire de Cytologie Clinique et Cytogénétique, Hôpital Carémeau, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Yuri Musizzano
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique, Hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anouck Schneider
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Geneviève Lefort
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lucile Pinson
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Cytologie Clinique et Cytogénétique, Hôpital Carémeau, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Clémence Ragon
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cytogénétique, Hôpital du Bocage, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Josée Perez
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Magali Tournaire
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patricia Blanchet
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Carole Corsini
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Haquet
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cytogénétique, Hôpital du Bocage, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - David Geneviève
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Franck Pellestor
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Puechberty
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Mutational processes contributing to the development of multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J 2019; 9:60. [PMID: 31387987 PMCID: PMC6684612 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-019-0221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To gain insight into multiple myeloma (MM) tumorigenesis, we analyzed the mutational signatures in 874 whole-exome and 850 whole-genome data from the CoMMpass Study. We identified that coding and non-coding regions are differentially dominated by distinct single-nucleotide variant (SNV) mutational signatures, as well as five de novo structural rearrangement signatures. Mutational signatures reflective of different principle mutational processes—aging, defective DNA repair, and apolipoprotein B editing complex (APOBEC)/activation-induced deaminase activity—characterize MM. These mutational signatures show evidence of subgroup specificity—APOBEC-attributed signatures associated with MAF translocation t(14;16) and t(14;20) MM; potentially DNA repair deficiency with t(11;14) and t(4;14); and aging with hyperdiploidy. Mutational signatures beyond that associated with APOBEC are independent of established prognostic markers and appear to have relevance to predicting high-risk MM.
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The longevity-promoting factor, TCER-1, widely represses stress resistance and innate immunity. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3042. [PMID: 31316054 PMCID: PMC6637209 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress resistance and longevity are positively correlated but emerging evidence indicates that they are physiologically distinct. Identifying factors with distinctive roles in these processes is challenging because pro-longevity genes often enhance stress resistance. We demonstrate that TCER-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of human transcription elongation and splicing factor, TCERG1, has opposite effects on lifespan and stress resistance. We previously showed that tcer-1 promotes longevity in germline-less C. elegans and reproductive fitness in wild-type animals. Surprisingly, tcer-1 mutants exhibit exceptional resistance against multiple stressors, including infection by human opportunistic pathogens, whereas, TCER-1 overexpression confers immuno-susceptibility. TCER-1 inhibits immunity only during fertile stages of life. Elevating its levels ameliorates the fertility loss caused by infection, suggesting that TCER-1 represses immunity to augment fecundity. TCER-1 acts through repression of PMK-1 as well as PMK-1-independent factors critical for innate immunity. Our data establish key roles for TCER-1 in coordinating immunity, longevity and fertility, and reveal mechanisms that distinguish length of life from functional aspects of aging. Resistance to stress is often associated with increased longevity. Using the model organism C. elegans the authors here show that TCER-1 enhances lifespan while at the same time increasing sensitivity to a number of biotic and abiotic stressors.
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Rivera O, McHan L, Konadu B, Patel S, Sint Jago S, Talbert ME. A high-fat diet impacts memory and gene expression of the head in mated female Drosophila melanogaster. J Comp Physiol B 2019; 189:179-198. [PMID: 30810797 PMCID: PMC6711602 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-019-01209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity predisposes humans to a range of life-threatening comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Obesity also aggravates neural pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease, but this class of comorbidity is less understood. When Drosophila melanogaster (flies) are exposed to high-fat diet (HFD) by supplementing a standard medium with coconut oil, they adopt an obese phenotype of decreased lifespan, increased triglyceride storage, and hindered climbing ability. The latter development has been previously regarded as a potential indicator of neurological decline in fly models of neurodegenerative disease. Our objective was to establish the obesity phenotype in Drosophila and identify a potential correlation, if any, between obesity and neurological decline through behavioral assays and gene expression microarray. We found that mated female w1118 flies exposed to HFD maintained an obese phenotype throughout adult life starting at 7 days, evidenced by increased triglyceride stores, diminished life span, and impeded climbing ability. While climbing ability worsened cumulatively between 7 and 14 days of exposure to HFD, there was no corresponding alteration in triglyceride content. Microarray analysis of the mated female w1118 fly head revealed HFD-induced changes in expression of genes with functions in memory, metabolism, olfaction, mitosis, cell signaling, and motor function. Meanwhile, an Aversive Phototaxis Suppression assay in mated female flies indicated reduced ability to recall an entrained memory 6 h after training. Overall, our results support the suitability of mated female flies for examining connections between diet-induced obesity and nervous or neurobehavioral pathology, and provide many directions for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Rivera
- Program in Biology, School of Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA, 71209, USA
| | - Lara McHan
- Program in Biology, School of Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA, 71209, USA
| | - Bridget Konadu
- Program in Biology, School of Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA, 71209, USA
| | - Sumitkumar Patel
- Program in Biology, School of Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA, 71209, USA
| | - Silvienne Sint Jago
- Program in Biology, School of Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA, 71209, USA
| | - Matthew E Talbert
- Program in Biology, School of Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA, 71209, USA.
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Melo Pereira S, Ribeiro R, Logarinho E. Approaches towards Longevity: Reprogramming, Senolysis, and Improved Mitotic Competence as Anti-Aging Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E938. [PMID: 30795536 PMCID: PMC6413205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mainstream approaches that are currently used as anti-aging therapies primarily explore the senescence and epigenetic drift aging hallmarks and they are at two ends of the spectrum. While senolytic therapies include either the selective elimination of senescent cells or the disruption of their secretome with the use of drugs or natural compounds, cellular reprogramming uses genetic manipulation to revert cells all the way back to pluripotency. Here, we describe the progress that has been made on these therapies, while highlighting the major challenges involved. Moreover, based on recent findings elucidating the impact of mitotic shutdown and aneuploidy in cellular senescence, we discuss the modulation of mitotic competence as an alternative strategy to delay the hallmarks of aging. We propose that a regulated rise in mitotic competence of cells could circumvent certain limitations that are present in the senolytic and reprogramming approaches, by acting to decelerate senescence and possibly restore the epigenetic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Melo Pereira
- Ageing and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Ribeiro
- Ageing and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Elsa Logarinho
- Ageing and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- Cell Division Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Biology, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
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Sato M, Miyata K, Tian Z, Kadomatsu T, Ujihara Y, Morinaga J, Horiguchi H, Endo M, Zhao J, Zhu S, Sugizaki T, Igata K, Muramatsu M, Minami T, Ito T, Bianchi ME, Mohri S, Araki K, Node K, Oike Y. Loss of Endogenous HMGB2 Promotes Cardiac Dysfunction and Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure in Mice. Circ J 2019; 83:368-378. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-18-0925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Sato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
- Department of Immunology, Allergy and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Zhe Tian
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | | | - Jun Morinaga
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Haruki Horiguchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Motoyoshi Endo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Jiabin Zhao
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Shunshun Zhu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Taichi Sugizaki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Kimihiro Igata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Masashi Muramatsu
- Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University
| | - Takashi Minami
- Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- Chromatin Dynamics Unit, San Raffaele University and Scientific Institute
| | - Satoshi Mohri
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School
| | - Kimi Araki
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
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Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome-Current Status and Prospects for Gene Therapy Treatment. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020088. [PMID: 30691039 PMCID: PMC6406247 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is one of the most severe disorders among laminopathies—a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases with a molecular background based on mutations in the LMNA gene and genes coding for interacting proteins. HGPS is characterized by the presence of aging-associated symptoms, including lack of subcutaneous fat, alopecia, swollen veins, growth retardation, age spots, joint contractures, osteoporosis, cardiovascular pathology, and death due to heart attacks and strokes in childhood. LMNA codes for two major, alternatively spliced transcripts, give rise to lamin A and lamin C proteins. Mutations in the LMNA gene alone, depending on the nature and location, may result in the expression of abnormal protein or loss of protein expression and cause at least 11 disease phenotypes, differing in severity and affected tissue. LMNA gene-related HGPS is caused by a single mutation in the LMNA gene in exon 11. The mutation c.1824C > T results in activation of the cryptic donor splice site, which leads to the synthesis of progerin protein lacking 50 amino acids. The accumulation of progerin is the reason for appearance of the phenotype. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HGPS and provide a critical analysis of current research trends in this field. We also discuss the mouse models available so far, the current status of treatment of the disease, and future prospects for the development of efficient therapies, including gene therapy for HGPS.
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Serebryannyy LA, Misteli T. HiPLA: High-throughput imaging proximity ligation assay. Methods 2018; 157:80-87. [PMID: 30419336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are essential for cellular structure and function. To delineate how the intricate assembly of protein interactions contribute to cellular processes in health and disease, new methodologies that are both highly sensitive and can be applied at large scale are needed. Here, we develop HiPLA (high-throughput imaging proximity ligation assay), a method that employs the well-established antibody-based proximity ligation assay in a high-throughput imaging screening format as a novel means to systematically visualize protein interactomes. Using HiPLA with a library of antibodies targeting nuclear proteins, we probe the interaction of 60 proteins and associated post-translational modifications (PTMs) with the nuclear lamina in a model of the premature aging disorder Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). We identify a subset of proteins that differentially interact with the nuclear lamina in HGPS. Using HiPLA in combination with quantitative indirect immunofluorescence, we find that the majority of differential interactions are accompanied by corresponding changes in expression of the interacting protein. Taken together, HiPLA offers a novel approach to probe cellular protein-protein interaction at a large scale and reveals mechanistic insights into the assembly of protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid A Serebryannyy
- Cell Biology of Genomes Group, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 41, 41 Library Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tom Misteli
- Cell Biology of Genomes Group, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 41, 41 Library Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Liu C, Xing F, He Y, Zong S, Luo C, Li C, Duan T, Wang K, Zhou Q. Elevated HTRA1 and HTRA4 in severe preeclampsia and their roles in trophoblast functions. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2937-2944. [PMID: 30015931 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant gene expression during placental development may affect fetal growth and contribute to preeclampsia. The high‑temperature requirement A (HTRA) family of proteins are serine proteases that may serve in the quality control of misfolded or mislocalized proteins. Recently, the potential involvement of HTRA1 and HTRA4 in the normal development of the placenta and in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia has been reported. The present study collected placental tissues from patients with severe preeclampsia and gestational age‑matched control samples. The expression of HTRA1 and HTRA4 was analyzed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The human trophoblast line HTR‑8 was transfected with HTRA1 or HTRA4, and cell function was assessed. The present study also detected the expression of HTRA1 and HTRA4 in HTR‑8/SVneo transfected cells under hypoxia (1% O2) and further studied the effects of hypoxia on HTR‑8 cell migration. HTRA1 and HTRA4 were mainly localized to the cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts. The expression levels of the two genes were elevated in the placental tissues of patients with severe preeclampsia. Finally, it was determined in vitro that ectopic expression of HTRA1 and HTRA4 significantly attenuated HTR‑8 cell migration, and elevated HTRA1 limited HTR‑8 cell growth. Under hypoxic conditions, the expression levels of HTRA1 and HTRA4 improved significantly. It was hypothesized that the aberrant expression of HTRA1 or HTRA4 may be involved in the onset of preeclampsia, and increased HTRA1 or HTRA4 expression may affect trophoblast functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yuanying He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Zong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Chengfeng Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Chunqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Tao Duan
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Huang N, Ling H, Su Y, Liu F, Xu L, Su W, Wu Q, Guo J, Gao S, Que Y. Transcriptional analysis identifies major pathways as response components to Sporisorium scitamineum stress in sugarcane. Gene 2018; 678:207-218. [PMID: 30099025 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane smut, which is caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is a severe fungal disease affecting sugarcane. However, the major pathways involved in the interaction between sugarcane and S. scitamineum remains unclear. RESULTS In the present study, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library construction, together with reverse northern blotting, was conducted on the most prevalent sugarcane genotype ROC22 challenged with S. scitamineum. After alignment and homologous expressed sequence tag (EST) assembly, a total of 155 differentially expressed unigenes were identified from SSH libraries. Totally, 26 of 155 differentially expressed unigenes were analyzed by qRT-PCR in sugarcane smut-resistant genotype YC05-179 and susceptible genotype ROC22. Genes encoded two unknown protein (Q1 and Q11), serine/threonine kinase (Q2), fiber protein (Q3), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (Q23), and Sc14-3-3-like protein (Q24) were induced in sugarcane smut-resistant genotype YC05-179 but inhibited in susceptible genotype ROC22. Based on the differential expression data achieved from SSH libraries and qRT-PCR, we found that, serine/threonine kinases, Ca2+ sensors, mitogen-activated protein genes and some NBS-LRR genes may involve in the signal recognition and transduction of smut fungus infection in sugarcane. While in the plant hormone signaling pathways, the genes related to auxin, abscisic acid, salicylic acid and ethylene were more apparently in response to smut fungus invasion. The hypersensitive response, protein metabolism, polyamine synthesis, and cell wall formation may play an important role in sugarcane defense against smut fungus colonization. Additionally, the Sc14-3-3 might serve as a molecular modulator in sugarcane being immune to smut disease by interacting with proteins like ScGAPN (Q10), which have been further verified by BiFC assay. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study could provide a general view about gene pathways involving in sugarcane defense against smut disease and facilitate a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying sugarcane-S. scitamineum interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Ling
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yachun Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Weihua Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qibin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jinlong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Shiwu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
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Functions and dysfunctions of the mammalian centrosome in health, disorders, disease, and aging. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:303-325. [PMID: 30062583 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery well over 100 years ago (Flemming, in Sitzungsber Akad Wissensch Wien 71:81-147, 1875; Van Beneden, in Bull Acad R Belg 42:35-97, 1876) the centrosome is increasingly being recognized as a most impactful organelle for its role not only as primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) but also as a major communication center for signal transduction pathways and as a center for proteolytic activities. Its significance for cell cycle regulation has been well studied and we now also know that centrosome dysfunctions are implicated in numerous diseases and disorders including cancer, Alstrom syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Huntington's disease, reproductive disorders, and several other diseases and disorders. The present review is meant to build on information presented in the previous review (Schatten, in Histochem Cell Biol 129:667-686, 2008) and to highlight functions of the mammalian centrosome in health, and dysfunctions in disorders, disease, and aging with six sections focused on (1) centrosome structure and functions, and new insights into the role of centrosomes in cell cycle progression; (2) the role of centrosomes in tumor initiation and progression; (3) primary cilia, centrosome-primary cilia interactions, and consequences for cell cycle functions in health and disease; (4) transitions from centrosome to non-centrosome functions during cellular polarization; (5) other centrosome dysfunctions associated with the pathogenesis of human disease; and (6) centrosome functions in oocyte germ cells and dysfunctions in reproductive disorders and reproductive aging.
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Olcay L, Ünal Ş, Onay H, Erdemli E, Öztürk A, Billur D, Metin A, Okur H, Yıldırmak Y, Büyükaşık Y, İkincioğulları A, Falay M, Özet G, Yetgin S. Both Granulocytic and Non-Granulocytic Blood Cells Are Affected in Patients with Severe Congenital Neutropenia and Their Non-Neutropenic Family Members: An Evaluation of Morphology, Function, and Cell Death. Turk J Haematol 2018; 35:229-259. [PMID: 30040071 PMCID: PMC6256814 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2017.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine granulocytic and non-granulocytic cells in children with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) and their non-neutropenic parents. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with SCN and 21 non-neutropenic parents were evaluated for a) CD95, CD95 ligand, annexin V, propidium iodide, cell cycle, and lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry; b) rapid cell senescence (of leukocytes) by senescence-associated β-galactosidase stain; c) aggregation tests by aggregometer; d) in vitro bleeding time by PFA-100 instrument; e) mepacrine-labeled dense granule number of thrombocytes by fluorescence microscope; and f) hematomorphology by light and electron microscope. HAX1, ELANE, G6PC3, CSF3R, and JAGN1 mutations associated with SCN were studied in patients and several parents. Results: Significant increase in apoptosis and secondary necrosis in monocytes, lymphocytes, and granulocytes of the patients and parents was detected, irrespective of the mutation type. CD95 and CD95 ligand results implied that apoptosis was non-CD95-mediated. Leukocytes of 25%, 12.5%, and 0% of patients, parents, and controls showed rapid cell senescence. The cell cycle analysis testable in four cases showed G1 arrest and apoptosis in lymphocytes of three. The patients had HAX1 (n=6), ELANE (n=2), G6PC3 (n=2), and unidentified (n=5) mutations. The CD3, CD4, and NK lymphocytes were below normal levels in 16.6%, 8.3%, and 36.4% of the patients and in 0%, 0%, and 15.4% of the parents (controls: 0%, 0%, 5.6%). The thrombocytes aggregated at low rates, dense granule number/thrombocyte ratio was low, and in vitro bleeding time was prolonged in 37.5%-66.6% of patients and 33.3%-63.2% of parents (vs. 0% in controls). Under electron and/or light microscope, the neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and thrombocytes in the peripheral blood of both patients and parents were dysplastic and the bone marrow of patients revealed increased phagocytic activity, dysmegakaryopoiesis, and necrotic and apoptotic cells. Ultrastructurally, thrombocyte adhesion, aggregation, and release were inadequate. Conclusion: In cases of SCN, patients’ pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and their non-neutropenic parents are both affected irrespective of the genetic defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lale Olcay
- Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şule Ünal
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, İhsan Doğramacı Children’s Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Onay
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Erdemli
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur Öztürk
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Molecular Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Billur
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Metin
- Ankara Children’s Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamza Okur
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, İhsan Doğramacı Children’s Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yıldız Yıldırmak
- Şişli Etfal Children’s Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yahya Büyükaşık
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Unit of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aydan İkincioğulları
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy and Pediatric Molecular Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mesude Falay
- Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülsüm Özet
- Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey,Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Yetgin
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, İhsan Doğramacı Children’s Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
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48
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Macedo JC, Vaz S, Bakker B, Ribeiro R, Bakker PL, Escandell JM, Ferreira MG, Medema R, Foijer F, Logarinho E. FoxM1 repression during human aging leads to mitotic decline and aneuploidy-driven full senescence. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2834. [PMID: 30026603 PMCID: PMC6053425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy, an abnormal chromosome number, has been linked to aging and age-associated diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here we show, through direct live-cell imaging of young, middle-aged, and old-aged primary human dermal fibroblasts, that aneuploidy increases with aging due to general dysfunction of the mitotic machinery. Increased chromosome mis-segregation in elderly mitotic cells correlates with an early senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and repression of Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), the transcription factor that drives G2/M gene expression. FoxM1 induction in elderly and Hutchison–Gilford progeria syndrome fibroblasts prevents aneuploidy and, importantly, ameliorates cellular aging phenotypes. Moreover, we show that senescent fibroblasts isolated from elderly donors’ cultures are often aneuploid, and that aneuploidy is a key trigger into full senescence phenotypes. Based on this feedback loop between cellular aging and aneuploidy, we propose modulation of mitotic efficiency through FoxM1 as a potential strategy against aging and progeria syndromes. Evidence for mitotic decline in aged cells and for aneuploidy-driven progression into full senescence is limited. Here, the authors find that in aged cells, mitotic gene repression leads to increased chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy that triggers permanent cell cycle arrest and full senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Catarina Macedo
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Vaz
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bjorn Bakker
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rui Ribeiro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Petra Lammigje Bakker
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jose Miguel Escandell
- Telomere and Genome Stability Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Miguel Godinho Ferreira
- Telomere and Genome Stability Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Telomere Shortening and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), UMR7284, U1081, UNS, 06107, Nice, France
| | - René Medema
- Division of Cell Biology and Cancer Genomics Center, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elsa Logarinho
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Cell Division Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Biology, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
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49
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Mishra R, Upadhyay A, Prajapati VK, Mishra A. Proteasome-mediated proteostasis: Novel medicinal and pharmacological strategies for diseases. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1916-1973. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Rajasthan; Rajasthan India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
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50
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Zirkel A, Nikolic M, Sofiadis K, Mallm JP, Brackley CA, Gothe H, Drechsel O, Becker C, Altmüller J, Josipovic N, Georgomanolis T, Brant L, Franzen J, Koker M, Gusmao EG, Costa IG, Ullrich RT, Wagner W, Roukos V, Nürnberg P, Marenduzzo D, Rippe K, Papantonis A. HMGB2 Loss upon Senescence Entry Disrupts Genomic Organization and Induces CTCF Clustering across Cell Types. Mol Cell 2018; 70:730-744.e6. [PMID: 29706538 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Processes like cellular senescence are characterized by complex events giving rise to heterogeneous cell populations. However, the early molecular events driving this cascade remain elusive. We hypothesized that senescence entry is triggered by an early disruption of the cells' three-dimensional (3D) genome organization. To test this, we combined Hi-C, single-cell and population transcriptomics, imaging, and in silico modeling of three distinct cells types entering senescence. Genes involved in DNA conformation maintenance are suppressed upon senescence entry across all cell types. We show that nuclear depletion of the abundant HMGB2 protein occurs early on the path to senescence and coincides with the dramatic spatial clustering of CTCF. Knocking down HMGB2 suffices for senescence-induced CTCF clustering and for loop reshuffling, while ectopically expressing HMGB2 rescues these effects. Our data suggest that HMGB2-mediated genomic reorganization constitutes a primer for the ensuing senescent program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Zirkel
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Milos Nikolic
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Sofiadis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan-Philipp Mallm
- German Cancer Research Center and Bioquant, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chris A Brackley
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD Edinburgh, UK
| | - Henrike Gothe
- Institute of Molecular Biology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Christian Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Natasa Josipovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Lilija Brant
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Franzen
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Koker
- Clinic I of Internal Medicine and Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Eduardo G Gusmao
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G Costa
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Roland T Ullrich
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Clinic I of Internal Medicine and Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Peter Nürnberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Davide Marenduzzo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karsten Rippe
- German Cancer Research Center and Bioquant, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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