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Li F, Ma C, Ding X, Niu L, Guo L, Yang F, Ma W. Structural and functional characterization of the bacterial Cap3 enzyme in deconjugation and regulation of the cyclic dinucleotide transferase CD-NTase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150326. [PMID: 38968768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
The Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and cGAS/DncV-like nucleotidyltransferase (CD-NTase) enzymes belong to the key components of the innate immune sensor system that generates cyclic dinucleotide molecules in response to danger signals. Recently, it was discovered that CD-NTase in bacteria can undergo conjugation to protein substrates via an E1/E2 enzyme-mediated process, resembling ubiquitin modification system. Subsequently, these CD-NTase conjugated molecules will be hydrolyzed by the Cap3 enzyme in the same gene cluster. However, the experimental structure of bacterial CD-NTase recognized by Cap3 is unknown. Here, we first determined the crystal structure of the Cap3 enzyme in complex with the C-terminal tail of CD-NTase. Our structural and enzymatic analysis revealed that the C-terminal tail of CD-NTase is both necessary and sufficient for the Cap3-mediated hydrolysis of CD-NTase from its substrates. Interestingly, we further observed that after the hydrolysis reaction, the terminal glycine residue of the CD-NTase C-terminal tail was sequentially removed by Cap3, indicating that Cap3 might play a role in quenching the CD-NTase conjugation reaction. Our work provides experimental evidence elucidating the interaction between Cap3 and CD-NTase, and suggests a potential role for Cap3 in the bacterial Cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signaling system (CBASS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqi Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Cuiyan Ma
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Linyue Guo
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Wenfu Ma
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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2
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Wang X, Wei D, Pan Y, Liu J, Xiao X, Xia Q, Wang F. A cryptic homotypic interaction motif of insect STING is required for its antiviral signaling. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 159:105224. [PMID: 38969190 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) mediates innate immune response upon binding to cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). It recruits tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) through its C-terminal tail and facilitates TBK1-dependent phosphorylation of IRF3 via forming STING polymers in mammalian cells. However, the mechanism behind STING-mediated activation of NF-κB transcription factor, Relish, in insect cells is unknown. Our study revealed that insect STING formed oligomers and the cryptic RIP homotypic interaction motif (cRHIM) was required for its oligomerization and its anti-viral functions. Cells expressing cRHIM-deficient mutants exhibited lower levels of anti-viral molecules, higher viral load after viral infection and weak activation of Relish. Moreover, we observed that under cGAMP stimulation, insect STING interacted with IMD, and deletion of the cRHIM motif on either protein prevented this interaction. Finally, we demonstrated that cGAMP enhanced the amyloid-like property of insect STING aggregates by ThT staining. In summary, our research showed that insect STING employed a homotypic motif to form intermolecular interactions that are essential for its antiviral signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Dongmei Wei
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Yumeng Pan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xiao
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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3
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Zhao C, Guo S, Ge S. Epigenetic regulation of cGAS and STING expression in cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112556. [PMID: 38936059 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Although cancer immunotherapy has become a successful therapeutic strategy in a certain range of solid cancer and hematological malignancies, this efficacy of immunotherapy is impeded by limited success rates due to an immunologically "cold" state. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved system which can find cytoplasmic DNA to regulate the innate immune and adaptive immune response. Beyond the host defense and autoimmune disorders, recent advances have now expanded the roles of cGAS-STING that is precise activated and tight regulated to improve anticancer immunity. Mounting evidence now has shown the crucial role of epigenetic regulation in mediating the expression of key genes associated with the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. In this review, we highlight the structure and cellular localization of cGAS and STING as well as intracellular cascade reaction of cGAS-STING signal transduction. We further summarize recent findings of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that control the expression of cGAS and STING in cancer. The review aims to offer theoretical basis and reference for targeting the epigenetic mechanisms that control cGAS and STING gene expression to promote the development of more effective combination therapeutic regimens to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in clinical practice and cancer clinical and cancer research workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxiang Zhao
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Reproductive Immunity, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, China.
| | - Shuwei Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shiyao Ge
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Ling YY, Li ZY, Mu X, Kong YJ, Hao L, Wang WJ, Shen QH, Zhang YB, Tan CP. Self-assembly of a ruthenium-based cGAS-STING photoactivator for carrier-free cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116638. [PMID: 38950489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase)-STING (stimulator of interferon genes) pathway promotes antitumor immune responses by sensing cytosolic DNA fragments leaked from nucleus and mitochondria. Herein, we designed a highly charged ruthenium photosensitizer (Ru1) with a β-carboline alkaloid derivative as the ligand for photo-activating of the cGAS-STING pathway. Due to the formation of multiple non-covalent intermolecular interactions, Ru1 can self-assemble into carrier-free nanoparticles (NPs). By incorporating the triphenylphosphine substituents, Ru1 can target and photo-damage mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to cause the cytoplasmic DNA leakage to activate the cGAS-STING pathway. Finally, Ru1 NPs show potent antitumor effects and elicit intense immune responses in vivo. In conclusion, we report the first self-assembling mtDNA-targeted photosensitizer, which can effectively activate the cGAS-STING pathway, thus providing innovations for the design of new photo-immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yi Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xia Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction, Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Ya-Jie Kong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wen-Jin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qing-Hua Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yue-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction, Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China.
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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5
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Liu Y, Hou D, Chen W, Lu X, Komaniecki GP, Xu Y, Yu T, Zhang SM, Linder ME, Lin H. MAVS Cys508 palmitoylation promotes its aggregation on the mitochondrial outer membrane and antiviral innate immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403392121. [PMID: 39141356 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403392121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cysteine palmitoylation or S-palmitoylation catalyzed by the ZDHHC family of acyltransferases regulates the biological function of numerous mammalian proteins as well as viral proteins. However, understanding of the role of S-palmitoylation in antiviral immunity against RNA viruses remains very limited. The adaptor protein MAVS forms functionally essential prion-like aggregates upon activation by viral RNA-sensing RIG-I-like receptors. Here, we identify that MAVS, a C-terminal tail-anchored mitochondrial outer membrane protein, is S-palmitoylated by ZDHHC7 at Cys508, a residue adjacent to the tail-anchor transmembrane helix. Using superresolution microscopy and other biochemical techniques, we found that the mitochondrial localization of MAVS at resting state mainly depends on its transmembrane tail-anchor, without regulation by Cys508 S-palmitoylation. However, upon viral infection, MAVS S-palmitoylation stabilizes its aggregation on the mitochondrial outer membrane and thus promotes subsequent propagation of antiviral signaling. We further show that inhibition of MAVS S-palmitoylation increases the host susceptibility to RNA virus infection, highlighting the importance of S-palmitoylation in the antiviral innate immunity. Also, our results indicate ZDHHC7 as a potential therapeutic target for MAVS-related autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Dan Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Wenzhe Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Xuan Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | | | - Yilai Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Sophia M Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Maurine E Linder
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Hening Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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6
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Yang Y, Ren C, Xu X, Yang X, Shao W. Decoding the connection between SLE and DNA Sensors: A comprehensive review. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112446. [PMID: 38878488 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is recognized as a prevalent autoimmune disorder characterized by a multifaceted pathogenesis potentially influenced by a combination of environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and hormonal regulation. The continuous study of immune system activation is especially intriguing. Analysis of blood samples from individuals with SLE reveals an abnormal increase in interferon levels, along with the existence of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies. This evidence suggests that the development of SLE may be initiated by innate immunity. The presence of abnormal dsDNA fragments can activate DNA sensors within cells, particularly immune cells, leading to the initiation of downstream signaling cascades that result in the upregulation of relevant cytokines and the subsequent initiation of adaptive immune responses, such as B cell differentiation and T cell activation. The intricate pathogenesis of SLE results in DNA sensors exhibiting a wide range of functions in innate immune responses that are subject to variation based on cell types, developmental processes, downstream effector signaling pathways and other factors. The review aims to reorganize how DNA sensors influence signaling pathways and contribute to the development of SLE according to current studies, with the aspiration of furnishing valuable insights for future investigations into the pathological mechanisms of SLE and potential treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Changhuai Ren
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenwei Shao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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7
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Schlenker C, Richard K, Skobelkina S, Mathena RP, Perkins DJ. ER-transiting bacterial toxins amplify STING innate immune responses and elicit ER stress. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0030024. [PMID: 39057915 PMCID: PMC11321001 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00300-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cGAS/STING sensor system drives innate immune responses to intracellular microbial double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and bacterial cyclic nucleotide second messengers (e.g., c-di-AMP). STING-dependent cell-intrinsic responses can increase resistance to microbial infection and speed pathogen clearance. Correspondingly, STING activation and signaling are known to be targeted for suppression by effectors from several bacterial pathogens. Whether STING responses are also positively regulated through sensing of specific bacterial effectors is less clear. We find that STING activation through dsDNA, by its canonical ligand 2'-3' cGAMP, or the small molecule DMXAA is potentiated following intracellular delivery of the AB5 toxin family member pertussis toxin from Bordetella pertussis or the B subunit of cholera toxin from Vibrio cholerae. Entry of pertussis toxin or cholera toxin B into mouse macrophages triggers markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and enhances ligand-dependent STING responses at the level of STING receptor activation in a manner that is independent of toxin enzymatic activity. Our results provide an example in which STING responses integrate information about the presence of relevant ER-transiting bacterial toxins into the innate inflammatory response and may help to explain the in vivo adjuvant effects of catalytically inactive toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Schlenker
- Program in Oncology University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB), School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Katharina Richard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sofia Skobelkina
- Program in Oncology University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB), School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - R. Paige Mathena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Darren J. Perkins
- Program in Oncology University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB), School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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8
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Lai X, Fan P, Deng H, Jia G, Zuo Z, Hu Y, Wang Y, Cai D, Gou L, Wen Y, Yu S, Cao S, Shen L, Deng J, Ren Z. Effects of isochlorogenic acid A on mitochondrial dynamics imbalance and RLR damage in PAM cells induced by combined mycotoxins. Toxicology 2024; 508:153920. [PMID: 39137830 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins have strong immunotoxicity and can induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics imbalance. Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) in the RIG-I like receptor (RLR) pathway of innate immunity is located on mitochondria, and whether it is affected by mycotoxins has not been reported yet. This experiment used porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) to evaluate the antagonism of three isomers of chlorogenic acid (chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, and neochlorogenic acid) against combined mycotoxins (Aflatoxin B1, Deoxynivalenol, and Ochratoxin A) induced mitochondrial damage and their effects on the RLR pathway, providing assistance for further elucidating the mechanism of mycotoxin immunotoxicity. Western blotting, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and flow cytometry were used to detect relevant indicators. All three types of chlorogenic acid treatment can antagonize the cytotoxicity induced by combined mycotoxins, especially isochlorogenic acid A, which can protect cells from mycotoxins damage by maintaining mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis and improving innate immune function related to the RLR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinuo Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Peng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huidan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guilin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dongjie Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liping Gou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shumin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Suizhong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liuhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Saei AA, Lundin A, Lyu H, Gharibi H, Luo H, Teppo J, Zhang X, Gaetani M, Végvári Á, Holmdahl R, Gygi SP, Zubarev RA. Multifaceted Proteome Analysis at Solubility, Redox, and Expression Dimensions for Target Identification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401502. [PMID: 39120068 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Multifaceted interrogation of the proteome deepens the system-wide understanding of biological systems; however, mapping the redox changes in the proteome has so far been significantly more challenging than expression and solubility/stability analyses. Here, the first high-throughput redox proteomics approach integrated with expression analysis (REX) is devised and combined with the Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration (PISA) assay. The whole PISA-REX experiment with up to four biological replicates can be multiplexed into a single tandem mass tag TMTpro set. For benchmarking this compact tool, HCT116 cells treated with auranofin are analyzed, showing great improvement compared with previous studies. PISA-REX is then applied to study proteome remodeling upon stimulation of human monocytes by interferon α (IFN-α). Applying this tool to study the proteome changes in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) isolated from wild-type versus Ncf1-mutant mice treated with interferon α, shows that NCF1 deficiency enhances the STAT1 pathway and modulates the expression, solubility, and redox state of interferon-induced proteins. Providing comprehensive multifaceted information on the proteome, the compact PISA-REX has the potential to become an industry standard in proteomics and to open new windows into the biology of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir A Saei
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, 4056, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
| | - Albin Lundin
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Hezheng Lyu
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Hassan Gharibi
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Huqiao Luo
- Division of Immunology, Medical Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Jaakko Teppo
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Xuepei Zhang
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Massimiliano Gaetani
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Ákos Végvári
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Immunology, Medical Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roman A Zubarev
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, Stockholm, SE-17 177, Sweden
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10
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He MY, Tong KI, Liu T, Whittaker Hawkins R, Shelton V, Zeng Y, Bakhtiari M, Xiao Y, Zheng G, Sakhdari A, Yang L, Xu W, Brooks DG, Laister RC, He HH, Kridel R. GNAS knockout potentiates HDAC3 inhibition through viral mimicry-related interferon responses in lymphoma. Leukemia 2024:10.1038/s41375-024-02325-4. [PMID: 39117798 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite selective HDAC3 inhibition showing promise in a subset of lymphomas with CREBBP mutations, wild-type tumors generally exhibit resistance. Here, using unbiased genome-wide CRISPR screening, we identify GNAS knockout (KO) as a sensitizer of resistant lymphoma cells to HDAC3 inhibition. Mechanistically, GNAS KO-induced sensitization is independent of the canonical G-protein activities but unexpectedly mediated by viral mimicry-related interferon (IFN) responses, characterized by TBK1 and IRF3 activation, double-stranded RNA formation, and transposable element (TE) expression. GNAS KO additionally synergizes with HDAC3 inhibition to enhance CD8+ T cell-induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, we observe in human lymphoma patients that low GNAS expression is associated with high baseline TE expression and upregulated IFN signaling and shares common disrupted biological activities with GNAS KO in histone modification, mRNA processing, and transcriptional regulation. Collectively, our findings establish an unprecedented link between HDAC3 inhibition and viral mimicry in lymphoma. We suggest low GNAS expression as a potential biomarker that reflects viral mimicry priming for enhanced response to HDAC3 inhibition in the clinical treatment of lymphoma, especially the CREBBP wild-type cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y He
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kit I Tong
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ting Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ryder Whittaker Hawkins
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria Shelton
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yong Zeng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mehran Bakhtiari
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ali Sakhdari
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lin Yang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wenxi Xu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David G Brooks
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rob C Laister
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Housheng Hansen He
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Kridel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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11
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Chen F, Lu Y, Xu Y, Chen N, Yang L, Zhong X, Zeng H, Liu Y, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Chen S, Cao J, Zhao J, Wang S, Hu M, Wang J. Trim47 prevents hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion during stress by regulating MAVS-mediated innate immune pathway. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6787. [PMID: 39117713 PMCID: PMC11310205 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51199-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functional integrity is essential for effective hematopoietic regeneration when suffering from injuries. Studies have shown that the innate immune pathways play crucial roles in the stress response of HSCs, whereas how to precisely modulate these pathways is not well characterized. Here, we identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing 47 (Trim47) as a negative regulator of the mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS)-mediated innate immune pathway in HSCs. We find that Trim47 is predominantly enriched in HSCs, and its deficiency impairs the function and survival of HSCs after exposure to 5-flurouracil (5-FU) and irradiation (IR). Mechanistically, Trim47 impedes the excessive activation of the innate immune signaling and inflammatory response via K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of MAVS. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a role of Trim47 in preventing stress-induced hematopoietic failure and thus provide a promising avenue for treatment of related diseases in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yukai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Naicheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zijin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Mengjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Liao K, Wang F, Xia C, Xu Z, Zhong S, Bi W, Ruan J. The cGAS-STING pathway in COPD: targeting its role and therapeutic potential. Respir Res 2024; 25:302. [PMID: 39113033 PMCID: PMC11308159 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is a gradually worsening and fatal heterogeneous lung disease characterized by airflow limitation and increasingly decline in lung function. Currently, it is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The consistent feature of COPD is airway inflammation. Several inflammatory factors are known to be involved in COPD pathogenesis; however, anti-inflammatory therapy is not the first-line treatment for COPD. Although bronchodilators, corticosteroids and roflumilast could improve airflow and control symptoms, they could not reverse the disease. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling pathway plays an important novel role in the immune system and has been confirmed to be a key mediator of inflammation during infection, cellular stress, and tissue damage. Recent studies have emphasized that abnormal activation of cGAS-STING contributes to COPD, providing a direction for new treatments that we urgently need to develop. Here, we focused on the cGAS-STING pathway, providing insight into its molecular mechanism and summarizing the current knowledge on the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in COPD. Moreover, we explored antagonists of cGAS and STING to identify potential therapeutic strategies for COPD that target the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Liao
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengshuo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhao Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Bi
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Ruan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Zhang J, Wu Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Ye Y, Yin H, Sun N, Qin B, Sun N. TRIM35 Negatively Regulates the cGAS-STING-Mediated Signaling Pathway by Attenuating K63-Linked Ubiquitination of STING. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02093-4. [PMID: 39088122 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The cGAS-STING-mediated antiviral response plays an important role in the defense against DNA virus infection. Tripartite motif protein 35 (TRIM35), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, was identified as a positive regulator of RLR-mediated antiviral signaling in our previous study, but the effect of TRIM35 on the cGAS-STING signaling pathway has not been elucidated. Herein, we showed that TRIM35 negatively regulates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway by directly targeting STING. TRIM35 overexpression significantly inhibited the cGAMP-triggered phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3, attenuating IFN-β expression and the downstream antiviral response. Mechanistically, TRIM35 colocalized and directly interacted with STING in the cytoplasm. TRM35 removed K63-linked ubiquitin from STING through the C36 and C44 sites in the RING domain, which impaired the interaction of STING with TBK1 or IKKε. In addition, we demonstrated that the RING domain is a key region for the antiviral effects of TIRM35. These results collectively indicate that TRIM35 negatively regulates type I interferon (IFN-I) production by targeting and deubiquitinating STING. TRIM35 may be a potential therapeutic target for controlling viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Zhang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yinlin Ye
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ningye Sun
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | - Nan Sun
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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14
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Chang F, Gunderstofte C, Colussi N, Pitts M, Salvatore SR, Thielke AL, Turell L, Alvarez B, Goldbach-Mansky R, Villacorta L, Holm CK, Schopfer FJ, Hansen AL. Development of nitroalkene-based inhibitors to target STING-dependent inflammation. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103202. [PMID: 38865901 PMCID: PMC11215336 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) is essential for the inflammatory response to cytosolic DNA. Despite that aberrant activation of STING is linked to an increasing number of inflammatory diseases, the development of inhibitors has been challenging, with no compounds in the pipeline beyond the preclinical stage. We previously identified endogenous nitrated fatty acids as novel reversible STING inhibitors. With the aim of improving the specificity and efficacy of these compounds, we developed and tested a library of nitroalkene-based compounds for in vitro and in vivo STING inhibition. The structure-activity relationship study revealed a robustly improved electrophilicity and reduced degrees of freedom of nitroalkenes by conjugation with an aromatic moiety. The lead compounds CP-36 and CP-45, featuring a β-nitrostyrene moiety, potently inhibited STING activity in vitro and relieved STING-dependent inflammation in vivo. This validates the potential for nitroalkene compounds as drug candidates for STING modulation to treat STING-driven inflammatory diseases, providing new robust leads for preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | | | - Nicole Colussi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mareena Pitts
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Anne L Thielke
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lucia Turell
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Disease Studies Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Luis Villacorta
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Christian K Holm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, And Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center (PLRC), Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine (C3M), Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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15
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Woo MS, Mayer C, Binkle-Ladisch L, Sonner JK, Rosenkranz SC, Shaposhnykov A, Rothammer N, Tsvilovskyy V, Lorenz SM, Raich L, Bal LC, Vieira V, Wagner I, Bauer S, Glatzel M, Conrad M, Merkler D, Freichel M, Friese MA. STING orchestrates the neuronal inflammatory stress response in multiple sclerosis. Cell 2024; 187:4043-4060.e30. [PMID: 38878778 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation-induced neurodegeneration is a defining feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. By dissecting the neuronal inflammatory stress response, we discovered that neurons in MS and its mouse model induce the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). However, activation of neuronal STING requires its detachment from the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a process triggered by glutamate excitotoxicity. This detachment initiates non-canonical STING signaling, which leads to autophagic degradation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), essential for neuronal redox homeostasis and thereby inducing ferroptosis. Both genetic and pharmacological interventions that target STING in neurons protect against inflammation-induced neurodegeneration. Our findings position STING as a central regulator of the detrimental neuronal inflammatory stress response, integrating inflammation with glutamate signaling to cause neuronal cell death, and present it as a tractable target for treating neurodegeneration in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel S Woo
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Mayer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Binkle-Ladisch
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana K Sonner
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sina C Rosenkranz
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Artem Shaposhnykov
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Rothammer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Tsvilovskyy
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svenja M Lorenz
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Raich
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas C Bal
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vieira
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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16
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Zhang H, Wu Y, Wu K, Dai Z. Targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:176. [PMID: 39034318 PMCID: PMC11275440 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are critical in regulating immune responses and cellular behavior, playing dual roles in both normal physiology and the pathology of diseases such as cancer. These molecules, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, chemokines, and growth factors like TGF-β, VEGF, and EGF, can promote or inhibit tumor growth, influence the tumor microenvironment, and impact the efficacy of cancer treatments. Recent advances in targeting these pathways have shown promising therapeutic potential, offering new strategies to modulate the immune system, inhibit tumor progression, and overcome resistance to conventional therapies. In this review, we summarized the current understanding and therapeutic implications of targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways in cancer. By exploring the roles of these molecules in tumor biology and the immune response, we highlighted the development of novel therapeutic agents aimed at modulating these pathways to combat cancer. The review elaborated on the dual nature of cytokines as both promoters and suppressors of tumorigenesis, depending on the context, and discussed the challenges and opportunities this presents for therapeutic intervention. We also examined the latest advancements in targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, receptor inhibitors, fusion proteins, engineered cytokine variants, and their impact on tumor growth, metastasis, and the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we evaluated the potential of combining these targeted therapies with other treatment modalities to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes. Besides, we also focused on the ongoing research and clinical trials that are pivotal in advancing our understanding and application of cytokine- and chemokine-targeted therapies for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxiang Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Zhu Z, Wang M, Lu S, Dai S, Liu J. Role of macrophage polarization in heart failure and traditional Chinese medicine treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1434654. [PMID: 39104386 PMCID: PMC11298811 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1434654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) has a severe impact on public health development due to high morbidity and mortality and is associated with imbalances in cardiac immunoregulation. Macrophages, a major cell population involved in cardiac immune response and inflammation, are highly heterogeneous and polarized into M1 and M2 types depending on the microenvironment. M1 macrophage releases inflammatory factors and chemokines to activate the immune response and remove harmful substances, while M2 macrophage releases anti-inflammatory factors to inhibit the overactive immune response and promote tissue repair. M1 and M2 restrict each other to maintain cardiac homeostasis. The dynamic balance of M1 and M2 is closely related to the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) yin-yang theory, and the imbalance of yin and yang will result in a pathological state of the organism. Studies have confirmed that TCM produces positive effects on HF by regulating macrophage polarization. This review describes the critical role of macrophage polarization in inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and electrophysiology in the course of HF, as well as the potential mechanism of TCM regulation of macrophage polarization in preventing and treating HF, thereby providing new ideas for clinical treatment and scientific research design of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqin Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Min Wang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shenghua Lu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Sisi Dai
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhe Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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18
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Lin W, Szabo C, Liu T, Tao H, Wu X, Wu J. STING trafficking activates MAPK-CREB signaling to trigger regulatory T cell differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320709121. [PMID: 38985760 PMCID: PMC11260101 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320709121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Type-I interferon (IFN-I) response is the major outcome of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation in innate cells. STING is more abundantly expressed in adaptive T cells; nevertheless, its intrinsic function in T cells remains unclear. Intriguingly, we previously demonstrated that STING activation in T cells activates widespread IFN-independent activities, which stands in contrast to the well-known STING-mediated IFN response. Here, we have identified that STING activation induces regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiation independently of IRF3 and IFN. Specifically, the translocation of STING from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity, which subsequently triggers transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation. The activation of the STING-MAPK-CREB signaling pathway induces the expression of many cytokine genes, including interleukin-2 (IL-2) and transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), to promote the Treg differentiation. Genetic knockdown of MAPK p38 or pharmacological inhibition of MAPK p38 or CREB markedly inhibits STING-mediated Treg differentiation. Administration of the STING agonist also promotes Treg differentiation in mice. In the Trex1-/- autoimmune disease mouse model, we demonstrate that intrinsic STING activation in CD4+ T cells can drive Treg differentiation, potentially counterbalancing the autoimmunity associated with Trex1 deficiency. Thus, STING-MAPK-CREB represents an IFN-independent signaling axis of STING that may have profound effects on T cell effector function and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Claudia Szabo
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Tao Liu
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Huangheng Tao
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Xianfang Wu
- Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH44195
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19
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Chen Y, Wang J, An C, Bao S, Zhang C. The role and research progress of macrophages after heart transplantation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33844. [PMID: 39027574 PMCID: PMC11255595 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the 60s of the 20th century, heart transplantation has been the best treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. Due to the increasing number of patients, how to expand the number of donor organs and enhance immune compatibility has become an urgent problem to be solved at this stage. Although current immunosuppression is effective, its side effects are also quite obvious, such as opportunistic infections and malignant tumors. In this review, we focus on the important role in macrophages after heart transplantation and their potential targets for achieving allogeneic graft tolerance, in order to improve effective graft survival and reduce infection and the occurrence of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - JianPeng Wang
- School of First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng An
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - ShanQing Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - ChengXin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
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20
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Tang Y, Wang T, Gu L, Xu Y, Yang Z, Zhu W, Zhang Q, Luo J, Cao J, Jiao Y. USP11 Exacerbates Radiation-Induced Pneumonitis by Activating Endothelial Cell Inflammatory Response via OTUD5-STING Signaling. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:1261-1274. [PMID: 38364946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.01.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced pneumonitis (RIP) seriously limits the application of radiation therapy in the treatment of thoracic tumors, and its etiology and pathogenesis remain elusive. This study aimed to elucidate the role of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 11 (USP11) in the progression of RIP and the associated underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND MATERIALS Changes in cytokines and infiltrated immune cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunohistochemistry after exposure to 20 Gy x-ray with whole-thorax irradiation. The effects of USP11 expression on endothelial cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by costaining of CD31/Ki67 and CD31/caspase-3 in vivo, and the production of cytokines and reactive oxygen species was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry in vitro. Comprehensive proteome and ubiquitinome analyses were used for USP11 substrate screening after radiation. Results were verified by Western blotting and coimmunoprecipitation experiments. Recombinant adeno-associated virus lung vectors expressing OTUD5 were used for localized overexpression of OTUD5 in mouse pulmonary tissue, and immunohistochemistry was conducted to analyze cytokine expression. RESULTS The progression of RIP was significantly alleviated by reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines in both Usp11-knockout (Usp11-/-) mice and in mice treated with the USP11 inhibitor mitoxantrone. Likewise, the absence of USP11 resulted in decreased permeability of pulmonary vessels and neutrophils and macrophage infiltration. The proliferation rates of endothelial cells were prominently increased in the Usp11-/- lung, whereas apoptosis in Usp11-/- lungs decreased after irradiation compared with that observed in Usp11+/+ lungs. Conversely, USP11 overexpression increased proinflammatory cytokine expression and reactive oxygen species production in endothelial cells after radiation. Comprehensive proteome and ubiquitinome analyses indicated that USP11 overexpression upregulates the expression of several deubiquitinating enzymes, including USP22, USP33, and OTUD5. We demonstrate that USP11 deubiquitinates OTUD5 and implicates the OTUD5-STING signaling pathway in the progression of the inflammatory response in endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS USP11 exacerbates RIP by triggering an inflammatory response in endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo, and the OTUD5-STING pathway is involved in the USP11-dependent promotion of RIP. This study provides experimental support for the development of precision intervention strategies targeting USP11 to mitigate RIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Tingya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liming Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Judong Luo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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21
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Akbar H, Jarosinski KW. Temporal Dynamics of Purinergic Receptor Expression in the Lungs of Marek's Disease (MD) Virus-Infected Chickens Resistant or Susceptible to MD. Viruses 2024; 16:1130. [PMID: 39066292 PMCID: PMC11281646 DOI: 10.3390/v16071130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an economic concern for the poultry industry due to its poorly understood pathophysiology. Purinergic receptors (PRs) are potential therapeutic targets for viral infections, including herpesviruses, prompting our investigation into their role in MDV pathogenesis. The current study is part of an experimental series analyzing the expression of PRs during MDV infection. To address the early or short-acting P2 PR responses during natural MDV infection, we performed an "exposure" experiment where age-matched chickens were exposed to experimentally infected shedders to initiate natural infection. In addition, select non-PR regulatory gene responses were measured. Two groups of naïve contact chickens (n = 5/breed/time point) from MD-resistant (White Leghorns: WL) and -susceptible (Pure Columbian) chicken lines were housed separately with experimentally infected PC (×PC) and WL (×WL) chickens for 6 or 24 h. Whole lung lavage cells (WLLC) were collected, RNA was extracted, and RT-qPCR assays were used to measure specific PR responses. In addition, other potentially important markers in pathophysiology were measured. Our study revealed that WL chickens exhibited higher P1 PR expression during natural infection. WL chickens also showed higher expression of P1A3 and P2X3 at 6 and 24 h when exposed to PC-infected chickens. P2X5 and P2Y1 showed higher expression at 6 h, while P2Y5 showed higher expression at 6 and 24 h; regardless of the chicken line, PC chickens exhibited higher expression of P2X2, P2Y8, P2Y10, P2Y13, and P2Y14 when exposed to either group of infected chickens. In addition, MDV infection altered the expression of DDX5 in both WL and PC groups exposed to PC-infected birds only. However, irrespective of the source of exposure, BCL2 and ANGPTL4 showed higher expression in both WL and PC. The expression of STAT1A and STAT5A was influenced by time and breed, with major changes observed in STAT5A. CAT and SOD1 expression significantly increased in both WL and PC birds, regardless of the source of infection. GPX1 and GPX2 expression also increased in both WL and PC, although overall lower expression was observed in PC chickens at 24 h compared to 6 h. Our data suggest systemic changes in the host during early infection, indicated by the altered expression of PRs, DDX5, BCL2, ANGPTL4, and other regulatory genes during early MDV infection. The relative expression of these responses in PC and WL chickens suggests they may play a key role in their response to natural MDV infection in the lungs and long-term pathogenesis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keith W. Jarosinski
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA;
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22
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Tong Z, Zou JP, Wang SY, Luo WW, Wang YY. Activation of the cGAS-STING-IRF3 Axis by Type I and II Interferons Contributes to Host Defense. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308890. [PMID: 39004913 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) activate JAK-STAT pathways to induce downstream effector genes for host defense against invaded pathogens and tumors. Here both type I (β) and II (γ) IFNs are shown that can activate the transcription factor IRF3 in parallel with STAT1. IRF3-deficiency impairs transcription of a subset of downstream effector genes induced by IFN-β and IFN-γ. Mechanistically, IFN-induced activation of IRF3 is dependent on the cGAS-STING-TBK1 axis. Both IFN-β and IFN-γ cause mitochondrial DNA release into the cytosol. In addition, IFNs induce JAK1-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of cGAS at Y214/Y215, which is essential for its DNA binding activity and signaling. Furthermore, deficiency of cGAS, STING, or IRF3 impairs IFN-β- or IFN-γ-mediated antiviral and antitumor activities. The findings reveal a novel IRF3 activation pathway parallel with the canonical STAT1/2 activation pathways triggered by IFNs and provide an explanation for the pleiotropic roles of the cGAS-STING-IRF3 axis in host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tong
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
| | - Jia-Peng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
| | - Su-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wei-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430200, China
| | - Yan-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China
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23
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Landau LM, Chaudhary N, Tien YC, Rogozinska M, Joshi S, Yao C, Crowley J, Hullahalli K, Campbell IW, Waldor MK, Haigis M, Kagan JC. pLxIS-containing domains are biochemically flexible regulators of interferons and metabolism. Mol Cell 2024; 84:2436-2454.e10. [PMID: 38925114 PMCID: PMC11282577 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Signal transduction proteins containing a pLxIS motif induce interferon (IFN) responses central to antiviral immunity. Apart from their established roles in activating the IFN regulator factor (IRF) transcription factors, the existence of additional pathways and functions associated with the pLxIS motif is unknown. Using a synthetic biology-based platform, we identified two orphan pLxIS-containing proteins that stimulate IFN responses independent of all known pattern-recognition receptor pathways. We further uncovered a diversity of pLxIS signaling mechanisms, where the pLxIS motif represents one component of a multi-motif signaling entity, which has variable functions in activating IRF3, the TRAF6 ubiquitin ligase, IκB kinases, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and metabolic activities. The most diverse pLxIS signaling mechanisms were associated with the highest antiviral activities in human cells. The flexibility of domains that regulate IFN signaling may explain their prevalence in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Landau
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neha Chaudhary
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yun Chen Tien
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Shakchhi Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Conghui Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph Crowley
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karthik Hullahalli
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ian W Campbell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew K Waldor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan C Kagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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24
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Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Olech-Kochańczyk G, Culmsee C, Adamczyk A. Novel Insights into Parkin-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and "Mito-Inflammation" in α-Synuclein Toxicity. The Role of the cGAS-STING Signalling Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4549-4574. [PMID: 39011416 PMCID: PMC11249072 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s468609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders continues to grow worldwide. Increasing evidence links intracellular inclusions of misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates, so-called Lewy bodies (LB) and Lewy neuritis, to the progressive pathology of PD and other synucleinopathies. Our previous findings established that α-syn oligomers induce S-nitrosylation and deregulation of the E3-ubiquitin ligase Parkin, leading to mitochondrial disturbances in neuronal cells. The accumulation of damaged mitochondria as a consequence, together with the release of mitochondrial-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) could activate the innate immune response and induce neuroinflammation ("mito-inflammation"), eventually accelerating neurodegeneration. However, the molecular pathways that transmit pro-inflammatory signals from damaged mitochondria are not well understood. One of the proposed pathways could be the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) - stimulator of interferon genes (STING) (cGAS-STING) pathway, which plays a pivotal role in modulating the innate immune response. It has recently been suggested that cGAS-STING deregulation may contribute to the development of various pathological conditions. Especially, its excessive engagement may lead to neuroinflammation and appear to be essential for the development of neurodegenerative brain diseases, including PD. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying cGAS-STING pathway activation in PD and other synucleinopathies are not fully understood. This review focuses on linking mitochondrial dysfunction to neuroinflammation in these disorders, particularly emphasizing the role of the cGAS-STING signaling. We propose the cGAS-STING pathway as a critical driver of inflammation in α-syn-dependent neurodegeneration and hypothesize that cGAS-STING-driven "mito-inflammation" may be one of the key mechanisms promoting the neurodegeneration in PD. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of α-syn-induced cGAS-STING-associated "mito-inflammation" in PD and related synucleinopathies may contribute to the identification of new targets for the treatment of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Olech-Kochańczyk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior - CMBB, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Agata Adamczyk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Al-Rawi DH, Lettera E, Li J, DiBona M, Bakhoum SF. Targeting chromosomal instability in patients with cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024:10.1038/s41571-024-00923-w. [PMID: 38992122 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00923-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer and a driver of metastatic dissemination, therapeutic resistance, and immune evasion. CIN is present in 60-80% of human cancers and poses a formidable therapeutic challenge as evidenced by the lack of clinically approved drugs that directly target CIN. This limitation in part reflects a lack of well-defined druggable targets as well as a dearth of tractable biomarkers enabling direct assessment and quantification of CIN in patients with cancer. Over the past decade, however, our understanding of the cellular mechanisms and consequences of CIN has greatly expanded, revealing novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of chromosomally unstable tumours as well as new methods of assessing the dynamic nature of chromosome segregation errors that define CIN. In this Review, we describe advances that have shaped our understanding of CIN from a translational perspective, highlighting both challenges and opportunities in the development of therapeutic interventions for patients with chromosomally unstable cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa H Al-Rawi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emanuele Lettera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melody DiBona
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel F Bakhoum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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26
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Wang L, Zhou W. Phase separation as a new form of regulation in innate immunity. Mol Cell 2024; 84:2410-2422. [PMID: 38936362 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Innate immunity is essential for the host against pathogens, cancer, and autoimmunity. The innate immune system encodes many sensor, adaptor, and effector proteins and relies on the assembly of higher-order signaling complexes to activate immune defense. Recent evidence demonstrates that many of the core complexes involved in innate immunity are organized as liquid-like condensates through a mechanism known as phase separation. Here, we discuss phase-separated condensates and their diverse functions. We compare the biochemical, structural, and mechanistic details of solid and liquid-like assemblies to explore the role of phase separation in innate immunity. We summarize the emerging evidence for the hypothesis that phase separation is a conserved mechanism that controls immune responses across the tree of life. The discovery of phase separation in innate immunity provides a new foundation to explain the rules that govern immune system activation and will enable the development of therapeutics to treat immune-related diseases properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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27
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Ramos A, Bizri N, Novak E, Mollen K, Khan S. The role of cGAS in epithelial dysregulation in inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1409683. [PMID: 39050748 PMCID: PMC11266671 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1409683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is lined by an epithelial monolayer responsible for selective permeability and absorption, as well as protection against harmful luminal contents. Recognition of foreign or aberrant DNA within these epithelial cells is, in part, regulated by pattern recognition receptors such as cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). cGAS binds double-stranded DNA from exogenous and endogenous sources, resulting in the activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and a type 1 interferon response. cGAS is also implicated in non-canonical pathways involving the suppression of DNA repair and the upregulation of autophagy via interactions with PARP1 and Beclin-1, respectively. The importance of cGAS activation in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal cancers has been and continues to be explored. This review delves into the intricacies of the complex role of cGAS in intestinal epithelial inflammation and gastrointestinal malignancies, as well as recent therapeutic advances targeting cGAS pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ramos
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nazih Bizri
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Novak
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kevin Mollen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sidrah Khan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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28
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Tian M, Zhang S, Tan F. The cGAS/STING Pathway-A New Potential Biotherapeutic Target for Gastric Cancer? J Pers Med 2024; 14:736. [PMID: 39063990 PMCID: PMC11277918 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer ranks among the top five deadliest tumors worldwide, both in terms of prevalence and mortality rates. Despite mainstream treatments, the efficacy in treating gastric cancer remains suboptimal, underscoring the urgency for novel therapeutic approaches. The elucidation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironments has shifted focus towards cancer biotherapeutics, which leverage the patient's immune system or biologics to target tumor cells. Biotherapy has emerged as a promising alternative for tumors resistant to traditional chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy. Central to this paradigm is the cGAS-STING pathway, a pivotal component of the innate immune system. This pathway recognizes aberrant DNA, such as that from viral infections or tumor cells, and triggers an immune response, thereby reshaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment into an immune-stimulating milieu. In the context of gastric cancer, harnessing the cGAS-STING pathway holds significant potential for biotherapeutic interventions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on cGAS-STING in gastric cancer, including insights from clinical trials involving STING agonists. Furthermore, it assesses the prospects of targeting the cGAS-STING pathway as a novel biotherapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiang Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410017, China; (M.T.); (F.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410017, China; (M.T.); (F.T.)
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410017, China; (M.T.); (F.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
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29
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He J, Zhang L. The journey of STING: Guiding immune signaling through membrane trafficking. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024:S1359-6101(24)00046-7. [PMID: 39019665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) serves as a pivotal mediator in the innate immune signaling pathway, transducing signals from various DNA receptors and playing a crucial role in natural immune processes. During cellular quiescence, STING protein resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and its activation typically occurs through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Upon activation, STING protein is transported to the Golgi apparatus, thereby initiating downstream signaling cascades. Vesicular transport serves as the primary mechanism for STING protein trafficking between the ER and Golgi apparatus, with COPII mediating anterograde transport from the ER to Golgi apparatus, while COPI is responsible for retrograde transport. Numerous factors influence these transport processes, thereby exerting either promoting or inhibitory effects on STING protein expression. Upon reaching the Golgi apparatus, to prevent over-activation, STING protein is transported to post-Golgi compartments for degradation. In addition to the conventional lysosomal degradation pathway, ESCRT has also been identified as one of the degradation pathways for STING protein. This review summarizes the recent findings on the membrane trafficking pathways of STING, highlighting their contributions to the regulation of cytokine production, the activation of immune cells, and the coordination of immune signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
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30
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Kong Z, Chen X, Gong L, Wang L, Zhang Y, Guan K, Yao W, Kang Y, Lu X, Zhang Y, Du Y, Sun A, Zhuang G, Zhao J, Wan B, Zhang G. Pseudorabies virus tegument protein US2 antagonizes antiviral innate immunity by targeting cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403070. [PMID: 39015575 PMCID: PMC11250390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The cGAS-STING axis-mediated type I interferon pathway is a crucial strategy for host defense against DNA virus infection. Numerous evasion strategies developed by the pseudorabies virus (PRV) counteract host antiviral immunity. To what extent PRV-encoded proteins evade the cGAS-STING signaling pathway is unknown. Methods Using US2 stably expressing cell lines and US2-deficient PRV model, we revealed that the PRV tegument protein US2 reduces STING protein stability and downregulates STING-mediated antiviral signaling. Results To promote K48-linked ubiquitination and STING degradation, US2 interacts with the LBD structural domain of STING and recruits the E3 ligase TRIM21. TRIM21 deficiency consistently strengthens the host antiviral immune response brought on by PRV infection. Additionally, US2-deficient PRV is less harmful in mice. Conclusions Our study implies that PRV US2 inhibits IFN signaling by a new mechanism that selectively targets STING while successfully evading the host antiviral response. As a result, the present study reveals a novel strategy by which PRV evades host defense and offers explanations for why the Bartha-K61 classical vaccine strain failed to offer effective defense against PRV variant strains in China, indicating that US2 may be a key target for developing gene-deficient PRV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Kong
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lele Gong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lele Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaifeng Guan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzi Yao
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Kang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Lu
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkun Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, China
- Longhu Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Lu R, Qu Y, Wang Z, He Z, Xu S, Cheng P, Lv Z, You H, Guo F, Chen A, Zhang J, Liang S. TBK1 pharmacological inhibition mitigates osteoarthritis through attenuating inflammation and cellular senescence in chondrocytes. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:207-222. [PMID: 39040492 PMCID: PMC11260960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is pivotal in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, yet its role in osteoarthritis (OA) remains elusive. This study sought to elucidate the effect of the TBK1 inhibitor BX795 on OA and to delineate the underlying mechanism by which it mitigates OA. Methods Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β) was utilized to simulate inflammatory responses and extracellular matrix degradation in vitro. In vivo, OA was induced in 8-week-old mice through destabilization of the medial meniscus surgery. The impact of BX795 on OA was evaluated using histological analysis, X-ray, micro-CT, and the von Frey test. Additionally, Western blot, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of BX795. Results Phosphorylated TBK1 (P-TBK1) levels were found to be elevated in OA knee cartilage of both human and mice. Furthermore, intra-articular injection of BX795 ameliorated cartilage degeneration and alleviated OA-associated pain. BX795 also counteracted the suppression of anabolic processes and the augmentation of catabolic activity, inflammation, and senescence observed in the OA mice. In vitro studies revealed that BX795 reduced P-TBK1 levels and reversed the effects of anabolism inhibition, catabolism promotion, and senescence induction triggered by IL-1β. Mechanistically, BX795 inhibited the IL-1β-induced activation of the cGAS-STING and TLR3-TRIF signaling pathways in chondrocytes. Conclusions Pharmacological inhibition of TBK1 with BX795 protects articular cartilage by inhibiting the activation of the cGAS-STING and TLR3-TRIF signaling pathways. This action attenuates inflammatory responses and cellular senescence, positioning BX795 as a promising therapeutic candidate for OA treatment. The translational potential of this article This study furnishes experimental evidence and offers a potential mechanistic explanation supporting the efficacy of BX795 as a promising candidate for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yunkun Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhenggang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shimeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhengtao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Anmin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Guo Y, Qian R, Li Z, Lv T, Yang C, Li W, Pan T, Hou X, Wang Z. Tumor-derived nanovesicles enhance cancer synergistic chemo-immunotherapy by promoting cGAS/STING pathway activation and immunogenetic cell death. Life Sci 2024; 348:122687. [PMID: 38718856 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic modality that has revolutionized cancer treatment; however, the therapy is only effective on a fraction of patients due to the tumor environment. In tumor immunotherapy, the cGAS-STING pathway is a crucial intracellular immune response pathway. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an immunotherapy strategy based on the cGAS-STING pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles EM@REV@DOX were characterized by TEM, DLS, and WB. Subcutaneous LLC xenograft tumors were used to determine the biodistribution, antitumor efficacy, and immune response. Blood samples and tissues of interest were harvested for hematological analysis and H&E staining. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, our designed nanovesicles provide a new perspective on tumor immunotherapy by ICD and cGAS-STING pathway, promoting DCs maturation, macrophage polarization, and activating T cells, offering a meaningful strategy for accelerating the clinical development of immunotherapy. KEY FINDINGS EM@REV@DOX accumulated in the tumor site through EPR and homing targeting effect to release REV and DOX, resulting in DNA damage and finally activating the cGAS-STING pathway, thereby promoting DCs maturation, macrophage polarization, and activating T cells. Additionally, EM@REV@DOX increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α and IFN-β). As a result, EM@REV@DOX was effective in treating tumor-bearing mice and prolonged their lifespans. When combined with αPD-L1, EM@REV@DOX significantly inhibited distant tumor growth, extended the survival of mice, and prevented long-term postoperative tumor metastasis, exhibiting great potential in antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Guo
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Ruijie Qian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, PR China
| | - Zijie Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Chunwang Yang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Teng Pan
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Hou
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Yan H, Wei Y, Wei X. Decoding mitochondria's role in immunity and cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189107. [PMID: 38734035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The functions of mitochondria, including energy production and biomolecule synthesis, have been known for a long time. Given the rising incidence of cancer, the role of mitochondria in cancer has become increasingly popular. Activated by components released by mitochondria, various pathways interact with each other to induce immune responses to protect organisms from attack. However, mitochondria play dual roles in the progression of cancer. Abnormalities in proteins, which are the elementary structures of mitochondria, are closely linked with oncogenesis. Both the aberrant accumulation of intermediates and mutations in enzymes result in the generation and progression of cancer. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to treat cancer may be a new strategy. Several drugs aimed at inhibiting mutated enzymes and accumulated intermediates have been tested clinically. Here, we discuss the current understanding of mitochondria in cancer and the interactions between mitochondrial functions, immune responses, and oncogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss mitochondria as hopeful targets for cancer therapy, providing insights into the progression of future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong Yan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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Tian X, Ai J, Tian X, Wei X. cGAS-STING pathway agonists are promising vaccine adjuvants. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1768-1799. [PMID: 38323921 DOI: 10.1002/med.22016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants are of critical value in vaccine development as they act on enhancing immunogenicity of antigen and inducing long-lasting immunity. However, there are only a few adjuvants that have been approved for clinical use, which highlights the need for exploring and developing new adjuvants to meet the growing demand for vaccination. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrates that the cGAS-STING pathway orchestrates innate and adaptive immunity by generating type I interferon responses. Many cGAS-STING pathway agonists have been developed and tested in preclinical research for the treatment of cancer or infectious diseases with promising results. As adjuvants, cGAS-STING agonists have demonstrated their potential to activate robust defense immunity in various diseases, including COVID-19 infection. This review summarized the current developments in the field of cGAS-STING agonists with a special focus on the latest applications of cGAS-STING agonists as adjuvants in vaccination. Potential challenges were also discussed in the hope of sparking future research interests to further the development of cGAS-STING as vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tian
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jiayuan Ai
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Tian
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Yu X, Cai L, Yao J, Li C, Wang X. Agonists and Inhibitors of the cGAS-STING Pathway. Molecules 2024; 29:3121. [PMID: 38999073 PMCID: PMC11243509 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is pivotal in immunotherapy. Several agonists and inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway have been developed and evaluated for the treatment of various diseases. The agonists aim to activate STING, with cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) being the most common, while the inhibitors aim to block the enzymatic activity or DNA binding ability of cGAS. Meanwhile, non-CDN compounds and cGAS agonists are also gaining attention. The omnipresence of the cGAS-STING pathway in vivo indicates that its overactivation could lead to undesired inflammatory responses and autoimmune diseases, which underscores the necessity of developing both agonists and inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway. This review describes the molecular traits and roles of the cGAS-STING pathway and summarizes the development of cGAS-STING agonists and inhibitors. The information is supposed to be conducive to the design of novel drugs for targeting the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linxiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingyue Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China;
| | - Cenming Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Xu Q, Xing J, Wang S, Peng H, Liu Y. The role of the cGAS-STING pathway in metabolic diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33093. [PMID: 38988528 PMCID: PMC11234105 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a critical innate immune pathway primarily due to its vital DNA sensing mechanism in pathogen defence. Recent research advances have shown that excessive activation or damage to the cGAS-STING pathway can exacerbate chronic inflammatory responses, playing a significant role in metabolic dysfunction and aging, leading to the development of related diseases such as obesity, osteoporosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews the structure and biological functions of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and discusses in detail how this pathway regulates the occurrence and development of metabolic and age-related diseases. Additionally, this article introduces potential small molecule drugs targeting cGAS and STING, aiming to provide new research perspectives for studying the pathogenesis and treatment of metabolic-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Jie Xing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Huiyong Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Yingzhao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
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37
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Mikolič V, Pantović-Žalig J, Malenšek Š, Sever M, Lainšček D, Jerala R. Toll-like receptor 4 signaling activation domains promote CAR T cell function against solid tumors. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200815. [PMID: 38840781 PMCID: PMC11152746 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has emerged as a powerful therapeutic approach against a range of hematologic malignancies. While the incorporation of CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory signaling domains into CARs revolutionized immune responses, there is an exciting prospect of further enhancing CAR functionality. Here, we investigated the design of CD19 CARs enriched with distinct Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), or Toll/IL-1 domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon (IFN)-β (TRIF) costimulatory domains. Screening of various designs identified several candidates with no tonic activity but with increased CD19 target cell-dependent interleukin (IL)-2 production. Human T cells transduced with the selected CAR construct exhibited augmented hIL-2 and hIFN-γ induction and cytotoxicity when cocultured with CD19-positive lymphoma and solid-tumor cell lines. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis demonstrated the upregulation of some genes involved in the innate immune response and T cell activation and proliferation. In experiments on a xenogeneic solid-tumor mice model, MyD88 and TLR4 CAR T cells exhibited prolonged remission. This study demonstrates that the integration of a truncated TLR4 signaling costimulatory domain could provide immunotherapeutic potential against both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Mikolič
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Graduate School of Biomedicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jelica Pantović-Žalig
- Graduate School of Biomedicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Malenšek
- Graduate School of Biomedicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Sever
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Duško Lainšček
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre for Technologies of Gene and Cell Therapy, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Jerala
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre for Technologies of Gene and Cell Therapy, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Wang S, Xiang Z, Gao P, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Ge X, Guo X, Han J, Yang H. African swine fever virus structural protein p17 inhibits IRF3 activation by recruiting host protein PR65A and inducing apoptotic degradation of STING. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1428233. [PMID: 38957619 PMCID: PMC11217484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1428233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is notoriously known for evolving strategies to modulate IFN signaling. Despite lots of efforts, the underlying mechanisms have remained incompletely understood. This study concerns the regulatory role of viral inner membrane protein p17. We found that the ASFV p17 shows a preferential interaction with cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, but not the RIG-I-MAVS-NF-κB signaling, and can inhibit both poly(I:C)- and poly(A:T)-induced activation of IRF3, leading to attenuation of IFN-β induction. Mechanistically, p17 interacts with STING and IRF3 and recruits host scaffold protein PR65A, a subunit of cellular phosphatase PP2A, to down-regulate the level of p-IRF3. Also, p17 targets STING for partial degradation via induction of cellular apoptosis that consequently inhibits activation of both p-TBK1 and p-IRF3. Thus, our findings reveal novel regulatory mechanisms for p17 modulation of IFN signaling and shed light on the intricate interplay between ASFV proteins and host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinna Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhou Y, Bao L, Gong S, Dou G, Li Z, Wang Z, Yu L, Ding F, Liu H, Li X, Liu S, Yang X, Liu S. T Cell-Derived Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Hydrolyze cGAMP to Alleviate Radiation Enteritis via Surface Enzyme ENPP1. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401634. [PMID: 38888507 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is the most common complication of pelvic radiotherapy, but there is no effective prevention or treatment drug. Apoptotic T cells and their products play an important role in regulating inflammation and maintaining physiological immune homeostasis. Here it is shown that systemically infused T cell-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) can target mice irradiated intestines and alleviate radiation enteritis. Mechanistically, radiation elevates the synthesis of intestinal 2'3' cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) and activates cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) proinflammatory pathway. After systemic infusion of ApoEVs, the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) enriches on the surface of ApoEVs hydrolyze extracellular cGAMP, resulting in inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway activated by irradiation. Furthermore, after ApoEVs are phagocytosed by phagocytes, ENPP1 on ApoEVs hydrolyzed intracellular cGAMP, which serves as an intracellular cGAMP hydrolyzation mode, thereby alleviating radiation enteritis. The findings shed light on the intracellular and extracellular hydrolysis capacity of ApoEVs and their role in inflammation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Lili Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shengkai Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Geng Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zihan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Radiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiayun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Siying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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Aybar-Torres A, Saldarriaga LA, Pham AT, Emtiazjoo AM, Sharma AK, Bryant AJ, Jin L. The common TMEM173 HAQ, AQ alleles rescue CD4 T cellpenia, restore T-regs, and prevent SAVI (N153S) inflammatory disease in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.05.561109. [PMID: 37886547 PMCID: PMC10602033 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.05.561109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The significance of STING (encoded by the TMEM173 gene) in tissue inflammation and cancer immunotherapy has been increasingly recognized. Intriguingly, common human TMEM173 alleles R71H-G230A-R293Q (HAQ) and G230A-R293Q (AQ) are carried by ~60% of East Asians and ~40% of Africans, respectively. Here, we examine the modulatory effects of HAQ, AQ alleles on STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), an autosomal dominant, fatal inflammatory disease caused by gain-of-function human STING mutations. CD4 T cellpenia is evident in SAVI patients and mouse models. Using STING knock-in mice expressing common human TMEM173 alleles HAQ, AQ, and Q293, we found that HAQ, AQ, and Q293 splenocytes resist STING-mediated cell death ex vivo, establishing a critical role of STING residue 293 in cell death. The HAQ/SAVI(N153S) and AQ/SAVI(N153S) mice did not have CD4 T cellpenia. The HAQ/SAVI(N153S), AQ/SAVI(N153S) mice have more (~10-fold, ~20-fold, respectively) T-regs than WT/SAVI(N153S) mice. Remarkably, while they have comparable TBK1, IRF3, and NFκB activation as the WT/SAVI, the AQ/SAVI mice have no tissue inflammation, regular body weight, and normal lifespan. We propose that STING activation promotes tissue inflammation by depleting T-regs cells in vivo. Billions of modern humans have the dominant HAQ, AQ alleles. STING research and STING-targeting immunotherapy should consider TMEM173 heterogeneity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Aybar-Torres
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Lennon A Saldarriaga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Ann T Pham
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Amir M Emtiazjoo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Ashish K Sharma
- Division of Vascular Surgery & Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Andrew J Bryant
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Lei Jin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
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Chen J, Zhao B, Dong H, Li T, Cheng X, Gong W, Wang J, Zhang J, Xin G, Yu Y, Lei YL, Black JD, Li Z, Wen H. Inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase activates type I interferon-dependent antitumor immunity by bridging cGAS-STING pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.14.571787. [PMID: 38168435 PMCID: PMC10760207 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.14.571787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is an essential enzyme that mediates protein O-GlcNAcylation, a unique form of posttranslational modification of many nuclear and cytosolic proteins. Recent studies observed increased OGT and O-GlcNAcylation levels in a broad range of human cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, indicating a universal effect of OGT in promoting tumorigenesis. Here, we show that OGT is essential for tumor growth in immunocompetent hosts by repressing the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-dependent DNA sensing pathway. We found that deletion of OGT (Ogt -/- ) caused a marked reduction in tumor growth in both syngeneic tumor models and a genetic colorectal cancer (CRC) model induced by mutation of the Apc gene (Apc min ). Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of OGT induced a robust genomic instability (GIN), leading to cGAS-dependent production of the type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). As a result, deletion of Cgas or Sting from Ogt -/- cancer cells restored tumor growth, and this correlated with impaired CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Mechanistically, we found that OGT-dependent cleavage of host cell factor C1 (HCF-1) is required for the avoidance of GIN and IFN-I production in tumors. In summary, our results identify OGT-mediated genomic stability and activate cGAS-STING pathway as an important tumor cell-intrinsic mechanism to repress antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Chen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Bao Zhao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hong Dong
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tianliang Li
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wang Gong
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Junran Zhang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yanbao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yu L. Lei
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Jennifer D. Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Haitao Wen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Lead Contact
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Kong EQZ, Subramaniyan V, Lubau NSA. Uncovering the impact of alcohol on internal organs and reproductive health: Exploring TLR4/NF-kB and CYP2E1/ROS/Nrf2 pathways. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38853347 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the detrimental impact of alcohol consumption on internal organs and reproductive health, elucidating the underlying mechanisms involving the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) pathway and the Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)/reactive oxygen species (ROS)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways. The TLR4/NF-kB pathway, crucial for inflammatory and immune responses, triggers the production of pro-inflammatory agents and type-1 interferon, disrupting the balance between inflammatory and antioxidant responses when tissues are chronically exposed to alcohol. Alcohol-induced dysbiosis in gut microbes heightens gut wall permeability to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), leading to liver cell infection and subsequent inflammation. Concurrently, CYP2E1-mediated alcohol metabolism generates ROS, causing oxidative stress and damaging cells, lipids, proteins, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). To counteract this inflammatory imbalance, Nrf2 regulates gene expression, inhibiting inflammatory progression and promoting antioxidant responses. Excessive alcohol intake results in elevated liver enzymes (ADH, CYP2E1, and catalase), ROS, NADH, acetaldehyde, and acetate, leading to damage in vital organs such as the heart, brain, and lungs. Moreover, alcohol negatively affects reproductive health by inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, causing infertility in both men and women. These findings underscore the profound health concerns associated with alcohol-induced damage, emphasizing the need for public awareness regarding the intricate interplay between immune responses and the multi-organ impacts of alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eason Qi Zheng Kong
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natasha Sura Anak Lubau
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Darlami O, Pun R, Ahn SH, Kim SH, Shin D. Macrocyclization strategy for improving candidate profiles in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116501. [PMID: 38754142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Macrocycles are defined as cyclic compounds with 12 or more members. In medicinal chemistry, they are categorized based on their core chemistry into cyclic peptides and macrocycles. Macrocycles are advantageous because of their structural diversity and ability to achieve high affinity and selectivity towards challenging targets that are often not addressable by conventional small molecules. The potential of macrocyclization to optimize drug-like properties while maintaining adequate bioavailability and permeability has been emphasized as a key innovation in medicinal chemistry. This review provides a detailed case study of the application of macrocyclization over the past 5 years, starting from the initial analysis of acyclic active compounds to optimization of the resulting macrocycles for improved efficacy and drug-like properties. Additionally, it illustrates the strategic value of macrocyclization in contemporary drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Darlami
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea
| | - Rabin Pun
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehak-gil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehak-gil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea.
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Wang M, Fan B, Lu W, Ryde U, Chang Y, Han D, Lu J, Liu T, Gao Q, Chen C, Xu Y. Unraveling the Binding Mode of Cyclic Adenosine-Inosine Monophosphate (cAIMP) to STING through Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Molecules 2024; 29:2650. [PMID: 38893524 PMCID: PMC11173896 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a significant role in immune defense and protection against tumor proliferation. Many cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) analogues have been reported to regulate its activity, but the dynamic process involved when the ligands activate STING remains unclear. In this work, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the binding mode between human STING (hSTING) and four cyclic adenosine-inosine monophosphate analogs (cAIMPs), as well as 2',3'-cGMP-AMP (2',3'-cGAMP). The results indicate that these cAIMPs adopt a U-shaped configuration within the binding pocket, forming extensive non-covalent interaction networks with hSTING. These interactions play a significant role in augmenting the binding, particularly in interactions with Tyr167, Arg238, Thr263, and Thr267. Additionally, the presence of hydrophobic interactions between the ligand and the receptor further contributes to the overall stability of the binding. In this work, the conformational changes in hSTING upon binding these cAIMPs were also studied and a significant tendency for hSTING to shift from open to closed state was observed after binding some of the cAIMP ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiting Wang
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
- Department of Computational Chemistry, Chemical Centre, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Baoyi Fan
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Wenfeng Lu
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Ulf Ryde
- Department of Computational Chemistry, Chemical Centre, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Di Han
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Jiarui Lu
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Taigang Liu
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Qinghe Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China;
| | - Changpo Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yongtao Xu
- School of Medical Engineering & Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (M.W.); (D.H.); (J.L.); (T.L.)
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Toufektchan E, Dananberg A, Striepen J, Hickling JH, Shim A, Chen Y, Nichols A, Duran Paez MA, Mohr L, Bakhoum SF, Maciejowski J. Intratumoral TREX1 Induction Promotes Immune Evasion by Limiting Type I IFN. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:673-686. [PMID: 38408184 PMCID: PMC11148545 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of human cancer that is associated with aggressive disease characteristics. Chromosome mis-segregations help fuel natural selection, but they risk provoking a cGAS-STING immune response through the accumulation of cytosolic DNA. The mechanisms of how tumors benefit from chromosomal instability while mitigating associated risks, such as enhanced immune surveillance, are poorly understood. Here, we identify cGAS-STING-dependent upregulation of the nuclease TREX1 as an adaptive, negative feedback mechanism that promotes immune evasion through digestion of cytosolic DNA. TREX1 loss diminishes tumor growth, prolongs survival of host animals, increases tumor immune infiltration, and potentiates response to immune checkpoint blockade selectively in tumors capable of mounting a type I IFN response downstream of STING. Together, these data demonstrate that TREX1 induction shields chromosomally unstable tumors from immune surveillance by dampening type I IFN production and suggest that TREX1 inhibitors might be used to selectively target tumors that have retained the inherent ability to mount an IFN response downstream of STING. See related article by Lim et al., p. 663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléonore Toufektchan
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alexandra Dananberg
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Josefine Striepen
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - James H. Hickling
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Abraham Shim
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yanyang Chen
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ashley Nichols
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mercedes A. Duran Paez
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lisa Mohr
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Samuel F. Bakhoum
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John Maciejowski
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Xie Y, Cao J, Gan S, Xu L, Zhang D, Qian S, Xu F, Ding Q, Schoggins JW, Fan W. TRIM32 inhibits Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Infection by targeting a late step in viral entry. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.04.597282. [PMID: 38895352 PMCID: PMC11185716 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.04.597282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Alphaviruses are mosquito borne RNA viruses that are a reemerging public health threat. Alphaviruses have a broad host range, and can cause diverse disease outcomes like arthritis, and encephalitis. The host ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays critical roles in regulating cellular processes to control the infections with various viruses, including alphaviruses. Previous studies suggest alphaviruses hijack UPS for virus infection, but the molecular mechanisms remain poorly characterized. In addition, whether certain E3 ubiquitin ligases or deubiquitinases act as alphavirus restriction factors remains poorly understood. Here, we employed a cDNA expression screen to identify E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM32 as a novel intrinsic restriction factor against alphavirus infection, including VEEV-TC83, SINV, and ONNV. Ectopic expression of TRIM32 reduces alphavirus infection, whereas depletion of TRIM32 with CRISPR-Cas9 increases infection. We demonstrate that TRIM32 inhibits alphaviruses through a mechanism that is independent of the TRIM32-STING-IFN axis. Combining reverse genetics and biochemical assays, we found that TRIM32 interferes with genome translation after membrane fusion, prior to replication of the incoming viral genome. Furthermore, our data indicate that the monoubiquitination of TRIM32 is important for its antiviral activity. Notably, we also show two TRIM32 pathogenic mutants R394H and D487N, related to Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), have a loss of antiviral activity against VEEV-TC83. Collectively, these results reveal that TRIM32 acts as a novel intrinsic restriction factor suppressing alphavirus infection and provides insights into the interaction between alphaviruses and the host UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Gan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingdong Xu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suhong Qian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- School of Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - John W. Schoggins
- Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wenchun Fan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Shi W, Xu G, Gao Y, Yang H, Liu T, Zhao J, Li H, Wei Z, Hou X, Chen Y, Wen J, Li C, Zhao J, Zhang P, Wang Z, Xiao X, Bai Z. Compound Danshen Dripping Pill effectively alleviates cGAS-STING-triggered diseases by disrupting STING-TBK1 interaction. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155404. [PMID: 38507852 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) pathway is critical in the innate immune system and can be mobilized by cytosolic DNA. The various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases progression is highly correlated with aberrant cGAS-STING pathway activation. While some cGAS-STING pathway inhibitor were identified, there are no drugs that can be applied to the clinic. Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) has been successfully used in clinic around the world, but the most common application is limited to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to examine whether CDDP inhibits the cGAS-STING pathway and could be used as a therapeutic agent for multiple cGAS-STING-triggered diseases. METHODS BMDMs, THP1 cells or Trex1-/- BMDMs were stimulated with various cGAS-STING-agonists after pretreatment with CDDP to detect the function of CDDP on IFN-β and ISGs productionn. Next, we detect the influence on IRF3 and P65 nuclear translocation, STING oligomerization and STING-TBK1-IRF3 complex formation of CDDP. Additionally, the DMXAA-mediated activation mice model of cGAS-STING pathway was used to study the effects of CDDP. Trex1-/- mice model and HFD-mediated obesity model were established to clarify the efficacy of CDDP on inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. RESULTS CDDP efficacy suppressed the IRF3 phosphorylation or the generation of IFN-β, ISGs, IL-6 and TNF-α. Mechanistically, CDDP did not influence the STING oligomerization and IRF3-TBK1 and STING-IRF3 interaction, but remarkably eliminated the STING-TBK1 interaction, ultimately blocking the downstream responses. In addition, we also clarified that CDDP could suppress cGAS-STING pathway activation triggered by DMXAA, in vivo. Consistently, CDDP could alleviate multi-organ inflammatory responses in Trex1-/- mice model and attenuate the inflammatory disorders, incleding obesity-induced insulin resistance. CONCLUSION CDDP is a specifically cGAS-STING pathway inhibitor. Furthermore, we provide novel mechanism for CDDP and discovered a clinical agent for the therapy of cGAS-STING-triggered inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Wei
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorong Hou
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jincai Wen
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, China.
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, China.
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48
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Bonhomme D, Poirier EZ. Early signaling pathways in virus-infected cells. Curr Opin Virol 2024; 66:101411. [PMID: 38718574 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Virus infection activates specific pattern recognition receptors and immune signal transduction, resulting in pro-inflammatory cytokine production and activation of innate immunity. We describe here the molecular organization of early signaling pathways downstream of viral recognition, including conformational changes, post-translational modifications, formation of oligomers, and generation of small-molecule second messengers. Such molecular organization allows tight regulation of immune signal transduction, characterized by swift but transient responses, nonlinearity, and signal amplification. Pathologies of early immune signaling caused by genomic mutations illustrate the fine regulation of the immune transduction cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Bonhomme
- Institut Curie, Stem Cell Immunity Lab, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Enzo Z Poirier
- Institut Curie, Stem Cell Immunity Lab, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France.
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49
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Liu R, Meng F, Liu T, Yang G, Shan S. RING finger protein 122-like (RNF122L) negatively regulates antiviral immune response by targeting STING in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132104. [PMID: 38719016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING), as an imperative adaptor protein in innate immune, responds to nucleic acid from invading pathogens to build antiviral responses in host cells. Aberrant activation of STING may trigger tissue damage and autoimmune diseases. Given the decisive role in initiating innate immune response, the activity of STING is intricately governed by several posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination. Here, we cloned and characterized a novel RNF122 homolog from common carp (named CcRNF122L). Expression analysis disclosed that the expression of CcRNF122L is up-regulated under spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) stimulation in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of CcRNF122L hampers SVCV- or poly(I:C)-mediated the expression of IFN-1 and ISGs in a dose-dependent way. Mechanistically, CcRNF122L interacts with STING and promotes the polyubiquitylation of STING. This polyubiquitylation event inhibits the aggregation of STING and the subsequent recruitment of TBK1 and IRF3 to the signaling complex. Additionally, the deletion of the TM domain abolishes the negative regulatory function of CcRNF122L. Collectively, our discoveries unveil a mechanism that governs the STING function and the precise adjustment of the innate immune response in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Fei Meng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Shandong Industrial Technician College, No.6789 West Ring Road, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Shijuan Shan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China.
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50
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Li XJY, Qu JR, Zhang YH, Liu RP. The dual function of cGAS-STING signaling axis in liver diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1115-1129. [PMID: 38233527 PMCID: PMC11130165 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, have been increasingly prevalent, posing significant threats to global health. In recent decades, there has been increasing evidence linking the dysregulation of cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene (STING)-related immune signaling to liver disorders. Both hyperactivation and deletion of STING can disrupt the immune microenvironment dysfunction, exacerbating liver disorders. Consequently, there has been a surge in research investigating medical agents or mediators targeting cGAS-STING signaling. Interestingly, therapeutic manipulation of the cGAS-STING pathway has yielded inconsistent and even contradictory effects on different liver diseases due to the distinct physiological characteristics of intrahepatic cells that express and respond to STING. In this review, we comprehensively summarize recent advancements in understanding the dual roles of the STING pathway, highlighting that the benefits of targeting STING signaling depend on the specific types of target cells and stages of liver injury. Additionally, we offer a novel perspective on the suitability of STING agonists and antagonists for clinical assessment. In conclusion, STING signaling remains a highly promising therapeutic target, and the development of STING pathway modulators holds great potential for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jiao-Yang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jiao-Rong Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yin-Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Run-Ping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China.
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