1
|
Liu Y, Zhu B, Jiang S, Huang S, Luo M, Zhang S, Yan H, Zhang Y, Lu R, Tao Z. Dephasing of Strong-Field-Driven Excitonic Autler-Townes Doublets Revealed by Time- and Spectrum-Resolved Quantum-Path Interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:026901. [PMID: 39073979 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.026901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Understanding dephasing mechanisms of strong-field-driven excitons in condensed matter is essential for their applications in quantum-state manipulation and ultrafast optical modulations. However, experimental access to exciton dephasing under strong-field conditions is challenging. In this study, using time- and spectrum-resolved quantum-path interferometry, we investigate the dephasing mechanisms of terahertz-driven excitonic Autler-Townes doublets in MoS_{2}. Our results reveal a dramatic increase in the dephasing rate beyond a threshold field strength, indicating exciton dissociation as the primary dephasing mechanism. Furthermore, we demonstrate nonperturbative high-order sideband generation in a regime where the driving fields are insufficient to dissociate excitons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Shenyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hugen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200232, People's Republic of China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen 518054, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zhensheng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Potamianos D, Schnitzenbaumer M, Lemell C, Scigalla P, Libisch F, Schock-Schmidtke E, Haimerl M, Schröder C, Schäffer M, Küchle JT, Riemensberger J, Eberle K, Cui Y, Kleineberg U, Burgdörfer J, Barth JV, Feulner P, Allegretti F, Kienberger R. Attosecond chronoscopy of the photoemission near a bandgap of a single-element layered dielectric. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado0073. [PMID: 38924399 PMCID: PMC11204203 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
We report on the energy dependence of the photoemission time delay from the single-element layered dielectric HOPG (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite). This system offers the unique opportunity to directly observe the Eisenbud-Wigner-Smith (EWS) time delays related to the bulk electronic band structure without being strongly perturbed by ubiquitous effects of transport, screening, and multiple scattering. We find the experimental streaking time shifts to be sensitive to the modulation of the density of states in the high-energy region (E ≈ 100 eV) of the band structure. The present attosecond chronoscopy experiments reveal an energy-dependent increase of the photoemission time delay when the final state energy of the excited electrons lies in the vicinity of the bandgap providing information difficult to access by conventional spectroscopy. Accompanying simulations further corroborate our interpretation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christoph Lemell
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Pascal Scigalla
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Florian Libisch
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | | | - Michael Haimerl
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Christian Schröder
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Martin Schäffer
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Johannes T. Küchle
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Johann Riemensberger
- Laboratory of Photonics and Quantum Measurements, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Karl Eberle
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Yang Cui
- Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, 85748, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Ulf Kleineberg
- Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, 85748, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Joachim Burgdörfer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Peter Feulner
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu Y, Han L, Jiang W, Zuo Z, Pan S, Fleischer A, Ueda K, Wu J. Attosecond ionic photoionization spectroscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:3412-3415. [PMID: 38875633 DOI: 10.1364/ol.523947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Photoionization is one of the most fundamental processes in light-matter interaction. Advanced attosecond photoelectron spectroscopy provides the possibility to characterize the ultrafast photoemission process in an extremely short attosecond time scale. Following scattering symmetry rules, residual ions encode ultrafast photoionization prints at the instant of electron removal forming an alternative electron emission chronoscope. Here, we experimentally illustrate the attosecond ion reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transition (RABBIT)-like interferometry through the development of high-resolution ion momentum detection in atomic photoionization processes. Our ion interferometry presents identical momentum- and time-dependent scattering phase shift, as we observed in photoelectron spectroscopy, and thus demonstrates that ion interferometry can be a possible alternative attosecond approach to resolve the photoionization process, without the electron homogeneity limitation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Neufeld O, Hübener H, Giovannini UD, Rubio A. Tracking electron motion within and outside of Floquet bands from attosecond pulse trains in time-resolved ARPES. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:225401. [PMID: 38364263 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad2a0e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Floquet engineering has recently emerged as a technique for controlling material properties with light. Floquet phases can be probed with time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (Tr-ARPES), providing direct access to the laser-dressed electronic bands. Applications of Tr-ARPES to date focused on observing the Floquet-Bloch bands themselves, and their build-up and dephasing on sub-laser-cycle timescales. However, momentum and energy resolved sub-laser-cycle dynamics between Floquet bands have not been analyzed. Given that Floquet theory strictly applies in time-periodic conditions, the notion of resolving sub-laser-cycle dynamics between Floquet states seems contradictory-it requires probe pulse durations below a laser cycle that inherently cannot discern the time-periodic nature of the light-matter system. Here we propose to employ attosecond pulse train probes with the same temporal periodicity as the Floquet-dressing pump pulse, allowing both attosecond sub-laser-cycle resolution and a proper projection of Tr-ARPES spectra on the Floquet-Bloch bands. We formulate and employ this approach inab-initiocalculations in light-driven graphene. Our calculations predict significant sub-laser-cycle dynamics occurring within the Floquet phase with the majority of electrons moving within and in-between Floquet bands, and a small portion residing and moving outside of them in what we denote as 'non-Floquet' bands. We establish that non-Floquet bands arise from the pump laser envelope that induces non-adiabatic electronic excitations during the pulse turn-on and turn-off. By performing calculations in systems with poly-chromatic pumps we also show that Floquet states are not formed on a sub-laser-cycle level. This work indicates that the Floquet-Bloch states are generally not a complete basis set for sub-laser-cycle dynamics in steady-state phases of matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Neufeld
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Hannes Hübener
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Umberto De Giovannini
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-Emilio Segrè, Palermo I-90123, Italy
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boyer A, Loriot V, Nandi S, Lépine F. Probing Photoionization Dynamics in Acetylene with Angle-Resolved Attosecond Interferometry. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:840-847. [PMID: 38277696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Photoionization of acetylene by extreme ultraviolet light results in a stand-alone contribution from the outermost valence orbital, followed by well-separated photoelectron bands from deeper molecular orbitals. This makes acetylene an ideal candidate for probing the photoionization dynamics in polyatomic molecules free from the spectral congestion often arising after interaction with an attosecond pulse train. Here, using an angle-resolved attosecond interferometric technique, we extract the photoionization time delays for the outermost valence orbital in acetylene relative to an atomic target, namely argon. Compared to argon, the photoemission from the acetylene molecule is found to be advanced by almost 28 attoseconds. The strong variation of the relative photoionization time delays as a function of the photoemission angle was interpreted using an analytical model based on semiclassical approximations to be the interplay between different short-range potentials along and perpendicular to the molecular axis. Our results highlight the importance of using attosecond time-resolved measurements to probe the nonspherical nature of the molecular potential, even in the case of relatively small, linear systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexie Boyer
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Vincent Loriot
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Saikat Nandi
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Franck Lépine
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han M, Ji JB, Leung CS, Ueda K, Wörner HJ. Separation of photoionization and measurement-induced delays. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj2629. [PMID: 38266083 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Photoionization of matter is one of the fastest electronic processes in nature. Experimental measurements of photoionization dynamics have become possible through attosecond metrology. However, all experiments reported to date contain a so-far unavoidable measurement-induced contribution, known as continuum-continuum (CC) or Coulomb-laser-coupling delay. In traditional attosecond metrology, this contribution is nonadditive for most systems and nontrivial to calculate. Here, we introduce the concept of mirror symmetry-broken attosecond interferometry, which enables the direct and separate measurement of both the native one-photon ionization delays and the CC delays. Our technique solves the longstanding challenge of experimentally isolating these two contributions. This advance opens the door to the next generation of accurate measurements and precision tests that will set standards for benchmarking the accuracy of electronic structure and electron-dynamics methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Han
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- James R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jia-Bao Ji
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chung Sum Leung
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pan M, Liu J, Chen F, Wang J, Yun C, Qian T. Time-resolved ARPES with probe energy of 6.0/7.2 eV and switchable resolution configuration. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:013001. [PMID: 38165821 DOI: 10.1063/5.0177361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
We present a detailed exposition of the design for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using a UV probe laser source that combines the nonlinear effects of β-BaB2O4 and KBe2BO3F2 optical crystals. The photon energy of the probe laser can be switched between 6.0 and 7.2 eV, with the flexibility to operate each photon energy setting under two distinct resolution configurations. Under the fully optimized energy resolution configuration, we achieve an energy resolution of 8.5 meV at 6.0 eV and 10 meV at 7.2 eV. Alternatively, switching to the other configuration enhances the temporal resolution, yielding a temporal resolution of 72 fs for 6.0 eV and 185 fs for 7.2 eV. We validated the performance and reliability of our system by applying it to measuring two typical materials: the topological insulator MnBi2Te4 and the excitonic insulator candidate Ta2NiSe5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojun Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junde Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Famin Chen
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chenxia Yun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tian Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Borràs VJ, González-Vázquez J, Argenti L, Martín F. Attosecond photoionization delays in the vicinity of molecular Feshbach resonances. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade3855. [PMID: 37043566 PMCID: PMC10096576 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Temporal delays extracted from photoionization phases are currently determined with attosecond resolution by using interferometric methods. Such methods require special care when photoionization occurs near Feshbach resonances due to the interference between direct ionization and autoionization. Although theory can accurately handle these interferences in atoms, in molecules, it has to face an additional, so far insurmountable problem: Autoionization is slow, and nuclei move substantially while it happens, i.e., electronic and nuclear motions are coupled. Here, we present a theoretical framework to account for this effect and apply it to evaluate time-resolved and vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra and photoionization phases of N2 irradiated by a combination of an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulse train and an infrared pulse. We show that Feshbach resonances lead to unusual non-Franck-Condon vibrational progressions and to ionization phases that strongly vary with photoelectron energy irrespective of the vibrational state of the remaining molecular cation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicent J. Borràs
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús González-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luca Argenti
- Department of Physics and CREOL, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32186, USA
| | - Fernando Martín
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nano), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fu Z, Chen Y, Peng S, Zhu B, Li B, Martín-Hernández R, Fan G, Wang Y, Hernández-García C, Jin C, Murnane M, Kapteyn H, Tao Z. Extension of the bright high-harmonic photon energy range via nonadiabatic critical phase matching. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd7482. [PMID: 36563146 PMCID: PMC9788764 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add7482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The concept of critical ionization fraction has been essential for high-harmonic generation, because it dictates the maximum driving laser intensity while preserving the phase matching of harmonics. In this work, we reveal a second, nonadiabatic critical ionization fraction, which substantially extends the phase-matched harmonic energy, arising because of the strong reshaping of the intense laser field in a gas plasma. We validate this understanding through a systematic comparison between experiment and theory for a wide range of laser conditions. In particular, the properties of the high-harmonic spectrum versus the laser intensity undergoes three distinctive scenarios: (i) coincidence with the single-atom cutoff, (ii) strong spectral extension, and (iii) spectral energy saturation. We present an analytical model that predicts the spectral extension and reveals the increasing importance of the nonadiabatic effects for mid-infrared lasers. These findings are important for the development of high-brightness soft x-ray sources for applications in spectroscopy and imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongyuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yudong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sainan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Baochang Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Rodrigo Martín-Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, E- 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guangyu Fan
- Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging CUI, Universität Hamburg, 149 Luruper Chaussee, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Carlos Hernández-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, E- 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Margaret Murnane
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Henry Kapteyn
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Zhensheng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tong J, Liu X, Dong W, Jiang W, Zhu M, Xu Y, Zuo Z, Lu P, Gong X, Song X, Yang W, Wu J. Probing Resonant Photoionization Time Delay by Self-Referenced Molecular Attoclock. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:173201. [PMID: 36332237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.173201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Attosecond time-resolved electron tunneling dynamics have been investigated by using attosecond angular streaking spectroscopy, where a clock reference to the laser field vector is required in atomic strong-field ionization and the situation becomes complicated in molecules. Here we reveal a resonant ionization process via a transient state by developing an electron-tunneling-site-resolved molecular attoclock in Ar-Kr^{+}. Two distinct deflection angles are observed in the photoelectron angular distribution in the molecular frame, corresponding to the direct and resonant ionization pathways. We find the electron is temporally trapped in the Coulomb potential wells of the Ar-Kr^{+} before finally releasing into the continuum when the electron tunnels through the internal barrier. By utilizing the direct tunneling ionization as a self-referenced arm of the attoclock, the time delay of the electron trapped in the resonant state is revealed to be 3.50±0.04 fs. Our results give an impetus to exploring the ultrafast electron dynamics in complex systems and also endow a semiclassical presentation of the electron trapping dynamics in a quantum resonant state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiwang Liu
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Wenhui Dong
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Yidan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zitan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xiaohong Song
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Weifeng Yang
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Attosecond clocking of correlations between Bloch electrons. Nature 2022; 610:290-295. [PMID: 36224421 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Delocalized Bloch electrons and the low-energy correlations between them determine key optical1, electronic2 and entanglement3 functionalities of solids, all the way through to phase transitions4,5. To directly capture how many-body correlations affect the actual motion of Bloch electrons, subfemtosecond (1 fs = 10-15 s) temporal precision6-15 is desirable. Yet, probing with attosecond (1 as = 10-18 s) high-energy photons has not been energy-selective enough to resolve the relevant millielectronvolt-scale interactions of electrons1-5,16,17 near the Fermi energy. Here, we use multi-terahertz light fields to force electron-hole pairs in crystalline semiconductors onto closed trajectories, and clock the delay between separation and recollision with 300 as precision, corresponding to 0.7% of the driving field's oscillation period. We detect that strong Coulomb correlations emergent in atomically thin WSe2 shift the optimal timing of recollisions by up to 1.2 ± 0.3 fs compared to the bulk material. A quantitative analysis with quantum-dynamic many-body computations in a Wigner-function representation yields a direct and intuitive view on how the Coulomb interaction, non-classical aspects, the strength of the driving field and the valley polarization influence the dynamics. The resulting attosecond chronoscopy of delocalized electrons could revolutionize the understanding of unexpected phase transitions and emergent quantum-dynamic phenomena for future electronic, optoelectronic and quantum-information technologies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Jiang W, Armstrong GSJ, Tong J, Xu Y, Zuo Z, Qiang J, Lu P, Clarke DDA, Benda J, Fleischer A, Ni H, Ueda K, van der Hart HW, Brown AC, Gong X, Wu J. Atomic partial wave meter by attosecond coincidence metrology. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5072. [PMID: 36038537 PMCID: PMC9424306 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Attosecond chronoscopy is central to the understanding of ultrafast electron dynamics in matter from gas to the condensed phase with attosecond temporal resolution. It has, however, not yet been possible to determine the timing of individual partial waves, and steering their contribution has been a substantial challenge. Here, we develop a polarization-skewed attosecond chronoscopy serving as a partial wave meter to reveal the role of each partial wave from the angle-resolved photoionization phase shifts in rare gas atoms. We steer the relative ratio between different partial waves and realize a magnetic-sublevel-resolved atomic phase shift measurement. Our experimental observations are well supported by time-dependent R-matrix numerical simulations and analytical soft-photon approximation analysis. The symmetry-resolved, partial-wave analysis identifies the transition rate and phase shift property in the attosecond photoelectron emission dynamics. Our findings provide critical insights into the ubiquitous attosecond optical timer and the underlying attosecond photoionization dynamics. Understanding the photoelectron emission time after the interaction of photon with atoms and molecules is of fundamental interest. Here the authors examine the role of partial waves to the photoionization phase shift of atoms using an attosecond clock and electron-ion coincidence spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory S J Armstrong
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jihong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zitan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daniel D A Clarke
- School of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jakub Benda
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Avner Fleischer
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Science, School of Chemistry and Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hugo W van der Hart
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew C Brown
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Borrego-Varillas R, Lucchini M, Nisoli M. Attosecond spectroscopy for the investigation of ultrafast dynamics in atomic, molecular and solid-state physics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:066401. [PMID: 35294930 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac5e7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the first demonstration of the generation of attosecond pulses (1 as = 10-18s) in the extreme-ultraviolet spectral region, several measurement techniques have been introduced, at the beginning for the temporal characterization of the pulses, and immediately after for the investigation of electronic and nuclear ultrafast dynamics in atoms, molecules and solids with unprecedented temporal resolution. The attosecond spectroscopic tools established in the last two decades, together with the development of sophisticated theoretical methods for the interpretation of the experimental outcomes, allowed to unravel and investigate physical processes never observed before, such as the delay in photoemission from atoms and solids, the motion of electrons in molecules after prompt ionization which precede any notable nuclear motion, the temporal evolution of the tunneling process in dielectrics, and many others. This review focused on applications of attosecond techniques to the investigation of ultrafast processes in atoms, molecules and solids. Thanks to the introduction and ongoing developments of new spectroscopic techniques, the attosecond science is rapidly moving towards the investigation, understanding and control of coupled electron-nuclear dynamics in increasingly complex systems, with ever more accurate and complete investigation techniques. Here we will review the most common techniques presenting the latest results in atoms, molecules and solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Borrego-Varillas
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro Nisoli
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ayuso D. New opportunities for ultrafast and highly enantio-sensitive imaging of chiral nuclear dynamics enabled by synthetic chiral light. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10193-10200. [PMID: 35420074 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chiral light [D. Ayuso et al., Nat. Photon., 2019, 13, 866-871] has opened up new opportunities for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging and control of chiral matter. Here we show that the giant enantio-sensitivity enabled by such light could be exploited to probe chiral nuclear rearrangements during chemical reactions in a highly enantio-sensitive manner. Using a state-of-the-art implementation of real-time time-dependent density functional theory, we explore how the nonlinear response of the prototypical chiral molecule H2O2 changes as a function of its dihedral angle, which defines its handedness. The macroscopic intensity emitted from randomly oriented molecules at even harmonic frequencies (of the fundamental) depends strongly on this nuclear coordinate. Because of the ultrafast nature of such nonlinear interactions, the direct mapping between the dissymmetry factor and the nuclear geometry provides a way to probe chiral nuclear dynamics at their natural time scales. Our work paves the way for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging of enantio-sensitive dynamics in more complex chiral systems, including biologically relevant molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Ayuso
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK. .,Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rego L, Brooks NJ, Nguyen QLD, Román JS, Binnie I, Plaja L, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM, Hernández-García C. Necklace-structured high-harmonic generation for low-divergence, soft x-ray harmonic combs with tunable line spacing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj7380. [PMID: 35119926 PMCID: PMC8816339 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj7380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The extreme nonlinear optical process of high-harmonic generation (HHG) makes it possible to map the properties of a laser beam onto a radiating electron wave function and, in turn, onto the emitted x-ray light. Bright HHG beams typically emerge from a longitudinal phased distribution of atomic-scale quantum antennae. Here, we form a transverse necklace-shaped phased array of linearly polarized HHG emitters, where orbital angular momentum conservation allows us to tune the line spacing and divergence properties of extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray high-harmonic combs. The on-axis HHG emission has extremely low divergence, well below that obtained when using Gaussian driving beams, which further decreases with harmonic order. This work provides a new degree of freedom for the design of harmonic combs-particularly in the soft x-ray regime, where very limited options are available. Such harmonic beams can enable more sensitive probes of the fastest correlated charge and spin dynamics in molecules, nanoparticles, and materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rego
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, Departamento de Física Aplicada, University of Salamanca, Salamanca E-37008, Spain
| | - Nathan J. Brooks
- JILA - Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Quynh L. D. Nguyen
- JILA - Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Julio San Román
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, Departamento de Física Aplicada, University of Salamanca, Salamanca E-37008, Spain
| | - Iona Binnie
- JILA - Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Luis Plaja
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, Departamento de Física Aplicada, University of Salamanca, Salamanca E-37008, Spain
| | - Henry C. Kapteyn
- JILA - Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Margaret M. Murnane
- JILA - Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Carlos Hernández-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, Departamento de Física Aplicada, University of Salamanca, Salamanca E-37008, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang M, Sissay A, Chen M, Lopata K. Intruder Peak-Free Transient Inner-Shell Spectra Using Real-Time Simulations. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:992-1002. [PMID: 35025498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Real-time methods are convenient for simulating core-level absorption spectra but suffer from nonphysical intruder peaks when using atom-centered basis sets. In transient absorption spectra, these peaks exhibit highly nonphysical time-dependent modulations in their energies and oscillator strengths. In this paper, we address the origins of these intruder peaks and propose a straightforward and effective solution based on a filtered dipole operator. In combination with real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT), we demonstrate how to compute intruder-free attosecond transient X-ray absorption spectra for the aminophenol (C6H7NO) oxygen and nitrogen K-edges and the α-quartz (SiO2) silicon L-edge. Without filtering, the computed spectra are qualitatively wrong. This procedure is suitable for both static and transient inner-shell spectroscopy studies and can easily be implemented in a range of real-time methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Adonay Sissay
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kenneth Lopata
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States.,Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fang Y, Lu S, Liu Y. Controlling Photon Transverse Orbital Angular Momentum in High Harmonic Generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:273901. [PMID: 35061413 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.273901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) with longitudinal optical orbital angular momentum has attracted much attention over the past decade. Here, we present the first study on the HHG with transverse orbital angular momentum driven by the spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) pulses. We show that the produced spatial-resolved harmonic spectra reveal unique structures, such as the spatially spectral tilt and the fine interference patterns. We show these spatiospectral structures originate from both the macroscopic and microscopic effect of spatiotemporal optical singularity in HHG. Employing two-color counterspin and countervorticity STOV pulses, we further discuss a robust method to control the spatiotemporal topological charge and spectral structure of high-order harmonics. The conservation rule of photon transverse orbital angular momentum in HHG process is also discussed when mixing with photon spin angular momenta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengyue Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dorney KM, Fan T, Nguyen QLD, Ellis JL, Hickstein DD, Brooks N, Zusin D, Gentry C, Hernández-García C, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM. Bright, single helicity, high harmonics driven by mid-infrared bicircular laser fields. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:38119-38128. [PMID: 34808871 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a unique tabletop light source with femtosecond-to-attosecond pulse duration and tailorable polarization and beam shape. Here, we use counter-rotating femtosecond laser pulses of 0.8 µm and 2.0 μm to extend the photon energy range of circularly polarized high-harmonics and also generate single-helicity HHG spectra. By driving HHG in helium, we produce circularly polarized soft x-ray harmonics beyond 170 eV-the highest photon energy of circularly polarized HHG achieved to date. In an Ar medium, dense spectra at photon energies well beyond the Cooper minimum are generated, with regions composed of a single helicity-consistent with the generation of a train of circularly polarized attosecond pulses. Finally, we show theoretically that circularly polarized HHG photon energies can extend beyond the carbon K edge, extending the range of molecular and materials systems that can be accessed using dynamic HHG chiral spectro-microscopies.
Collapse
|
19
|
Vogelsang J, Wittenbecher L, Pan D, Sun J, Mikaelsson S, Arnold CL, L’Huillier A, Xu H, Mikkelsen A. Coherent Excitation and Control of Plasmons on Gold Using Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. ACS PHOTONICS 2021; 8:1607-1615. [PMID: 34307766 PMCID: PMC8296589 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The hybrid combination of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and plasmonic materials open up novel means of (ultrafast) optoelectronic applications and manipulation of nanoscale light-matter interaction. However, control of the plasmonic excitations by TMDs themselves has not been investigated. Here, we show that the ultrathin 2D WSe2 crystallites permit nanoscale spatially controlled coherent excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on smooth Au films. The resulting complex plasmonic interference patterns are recorded with nanoscale resolution in a photoemission electron microscope. Modeling shows good agreement with experiments and further indicates how SPPs can be tailored with high spatiotemporal precision using the shape of the 2D TMDs with thicknesses down to single molecular layers. We demonstrate the use of WSe2 nanocrystals as 2D optical elements for exploring the ultrafast dynamics of SPPs. Using few-femtosecond laser pulse pairs we excite an SPP at the boundary of a WSe2 crystal and then have a WSe2 monolayer wedge act as a delay line inducing a spatially varying phase difference down to the attosecond time range. The observed effects are a natural yet unexplored consequence of high dielectric functional values of TMDs in the visible range that should be considered when designing metal-TMD hybrid devices. As the 2D TMD crystals are stable in air, can be defect free, can be synthesized in many shapes, and are reliably positioned on metal surfaces, using them to excite and steer SPPs adds an interesting alternative in designing hybrid structures for plasmonic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vogelsang
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Nano
Lund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lukas Wittenbecher
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Nano
Lund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Deng Pan
- School
of Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-
and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Institute
for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Sara Mikaelsson
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Cord L. Arnold
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anne L’Huillier
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School
of Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-
and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute
for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Anders Mikkelsen
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Nano
Lund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Heinrich S, Saule T, Högner M, Cui Y, Yakovlev VS, Pupeza I, Kleineberg U. Attosecond intra-valence band dynamics and resonant-photoemission delays in W(110). Nat Commun 2021; 12:3404. [PMID: 34099684 PMCID: PMC8184802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with attosecond precision provides new insights into the photoelectric effect and gives information about the timing of photoemission from different electronic states within the electronic band structure of solids. Electron transport, scattering phenomena and electron-electron correlation effects can be observed on attosecond time scales by timing photoemission from valence band states against that from core states. However, accessing intraband effects was so far particularly challenging due to the simultaneous requirements on energy, momentum and time resolution. Here we report on an experiment utilizing intracavity generated attosecond pulse trains to meet these demands at high flux and high photon energies to measure intraband delays between sp- and d-band states in the valence band photoemission from tungsten and investigate final-state effects in resonant photoemission. Accessing intraband dynamics is challenging due to simultaneous requirements on energy, momentum and time resolution. Here, the authors measure intraband delays between sp- and d-band electronic states in the valence band photoemission from W(110) using intracavity generated attosecond pulse trains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Heinrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - T Saule
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), 85748, Garching, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 85748, Garching, Germany.,Department of Physics, University of Connecticut (UConn), Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - M Högner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), 85748, Garching, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Y Cui
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), 85748, Garching, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - V S Yakovlev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), 85748, Garching, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - I Pupeza
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), 85748, Garching, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - U Kleineberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), 85748, Garching, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 85748, Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Borrego-Varillas R, Lucchini M. Reconstruction of atomic resonances with attosecond streaking. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:9711-9722. [PMID: 33820125 DOI: 10.1364/oe.415463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent development of spectroscopic techniques based on attosecond radiation has given the community the right tools to study the timing of the photoelectron process. In this work we investigate the effect of Fano resonances in attosecond streaking spectrograms and the application of standard phase-reconstruction algorithms. We show that while the existence of the infrared coupling (ac-Stark shift) hinders the applicability of FROG-like methods, under certain conditions it is still possible to use standard reconstruction algorithms to retrieve the photoemission delay of the bare resonance. Finally, we propose two strategies to study the strength of IR coupling using the attosecond streaking technique.
Collapse
|
22
|
Liao Q, Cao W, Zhang Q, Liu K, Wang F, Lu P, Thumm U. Liao et al. Reply. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:109304. [PMID: 33784164 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.109304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
|
23
|
Jelovina D, Scrinzi A, Jakob Wörner H, Schild A. Nonlocal mechanisms of attosecond interferometry in three-dimensional systems. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/abcd84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Attosecond interferometry (AI) is an experimental technique based on ionizing a system with an attosecond pulse train in the presence of an assisting laser. This assisting laser pulse provides multiple pathways for the photoelectron wave packet to reach the same final states, and interference of these pathways can be used to probe the properties of matter. The mechanism of AI is well-understood for isolated atoms and molecules in the gas phase, but not so much in the condensed phase, especially if the substrate under study is transparent. Then, additional pathways open up for the electron due to (laser-assisted) scattering from neighbouring atoms. We investigate to what extent these additional pathways influence the measured photoionization delays with the help of 1D and 3D model systems. In both cases, we find that the total delay can be expressed as the sum of a local (photoionization) delay and a non-local delay, which contains the effect of electron scattering during transport. The 1D system shows that the non-local delay is an oscillatory function of the distance between the sites where ionization and scattering take place. A similar result is obtained in 3D, but the modulation depth of the non-local delay is found to strongly depend on the effective scattering cross section. We conclude that attosecond interferometry of disordered systems like liquids at low photon energies (20–30 eV) is mainly sensitive to the local delay, i.e. to changes of the photoionization dynamics induced by the immediate environment of the ionized entity, and less to electron scattering during transport through the medium. This conclusion also agrees with the interpretation of recent experimental results.
Collapse
|
24
|
Deshmukh PC, Banerjee S. Time delay in atomic and molecular collisions and photoionisation/photodetachment. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2021.1838805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. C. Deshmukh
- Department of Physics and CAMOST, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, India
- Department of Physics, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Grundmann S, Trabert D, Fehre K, Strenger N, Pier A, Kaiser L, Kircher M, Weller M, Eckart S, Schmidt LPH, Trinter F, Jahnke T, Schöffler MS, Dörner R. Zeptosecond birth time delay in molecular photoionization. Science 2020; 370:339-341. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abb9318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Photoionization is one of the fundamental light-matter interaction
processes in which the absorption of a photon launches the escape of an
electron. The time scale of this process poses many open questions.
Experiments have found time delays in the attosecond
(10−18 seconds) domain between electron ejection
from different orbitals, from different electronic bands, or in different
directions. Here, we demonstrate that, across a molecular orbital, the
electron is not launched at the same time. Rather, the birth time depends on
the travel time of the photon across the molecule, which is 247 zeptoseconds
(1 zeptosecond = 10−21 seconds) for the average bond
length of molecular hydrogen. Using an electron interferometric technique,
we resolve this birth time delay between electron emission from the two
centers of the hydrogen molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kilian Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nico Strenger
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Pier
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Leon Kaiser
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Max Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Miriam Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lothar Ph. H. Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Trinter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Jahnke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Markus S. Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Reinhard Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhong S, Vinbladh J, Busto D, Squibb RJ, Isinger M, Neoričić L, Laurell H, Weissenbilder R, Arnold CL, Feifel R, Dahlström JM, Wendin G, Gisselbrecht M, Lindroth E, L'Huillier A. Attosecond electron-spin dynamics in Xe 4d photoionization. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5042. [PMID: 33028822 PMCID: PMC7541461 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoionization of xenon atoms in the 70–100 eV range reveals several fascinating physical phenomena such as a giant resonance induced by the dynamic rearrangement of the electron cloud after photon absorption, an anomalous branching ratio between intermediate Xe+ states separated by the spin-orbit interaction and multiple Auger decay processes. These phenomena have been studied in the past, using in particular synchrotron radiation, but without access to real-time dynamics. Here, we study the dynamics of Xe 4d photoionization on its natural time scale combining attosecond interferometry and coincidence spectroscopy. A time-frequency analysis of the involved transitions allows us to identify two interfering ionization mechanisms: the broad giant dipole resonance with a fast decay time less than 50 as, and a narrow resonance at threshold induced by spin-flip transitions, with much longer decay times of several hundred as. Our results provide insight into the complex electron-spin dynamics of photo-induced phenomena. Here the authors report experiment and theory study of the photoionization of xenon inner shell 4d electron using attosecond pulses. They have identified two ionization paths - one corresponding to broad giant dipole resonance with short decay time and the other involving spin-flip transitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhong
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden.
| | - Jimmy Vinbladh
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - David Busto
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Richard J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Marcus Isinger
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Lana Neoričić
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Hugo Laurell
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Robin Weissenbilder
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Cord L Arnold
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Raimund Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Sweden
| | | | - Göran Wendin
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience-MC2, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Lindroth
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Anne L'Huillier
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Venzke J, Becker A, Jaron-Becker A. Asymmetries in ionization of atomic superposition states by ultrashort laser pulses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16164. [PMID: 32999393 PMCID: PMC7527981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in ultrafast science allows for probing quantum superposition states with ultrashort laser pulses in the new regime where several linear and nonlinear ionization pathways compete. Interferences of pathways can be observed in the photoelectron angular distribution and in the past they have been analyzed for atoms and molecules in a single quantum state via anisotropy and asymmetry parameters. Those conventional parameters, however, do not provide comprehensive tools for probing superposition states in the emerging research area of bright and ultrashort light sources, such as free-electron lasers and high-order harmonic generation. We propose a new set of generalized asymmetry parameters which are sensitive to interference effects in the photoionization and the interplay of competing pathways as the laser pulse duration is shortened and the laser intensity is increased. The relevance of the parameters is demonstrated using results of state-of-the-art numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for ionization of helium atom and neon atom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Venzke
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA.
| | - A Becker
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA
| | - A Jaron-Becker
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jordan I, Huppert M, Rattenbacher D, Peper M, Jelovina D, Perry C, von Conta A, Schild A, Wörner HJ. Attosecond spectroscopy of liquid water. Science 2020; 369:974-979. [PMID: 32820124 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb0979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Electronic dynamics in liquids are of fundamental importance, but time-resolved experiments have so far remained limited to the femtosecond time scale. We report the extension of attosecond spectroscopy to the liquid phase. We measured time delays of 50 to 70 attoseconds between the photoemission from liquid water and that from gaseous water at photon energies of 21.7 to 31.0 electron volts. These photoemission delays can be decomposed into a photoionization delay sensitive to the local environment and a delay originating from electron transport. In our experiments, the latter contribution is shown to be negligible. By referencing liquid water to gaseous water, we isolated the effect of solvation on the attosecond photoionization dynamics of water molecules. Our methods define an approach to separating bound and unbound electron dynamics from the structural response of the solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Jordan
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Huppert
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael Peper
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Jelovina
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Conaill Perry
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aaron von Conta
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Axel Schild
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Beyazit Y, Beckord J, Zhou P, Meyburg JP, Kühne F, Diesing D, Ligges M, Bovensiepen U. Local and Nonlocal Electron Dynamics of Au/Fe/MgO(001) Heterostructures Analyzed by Time-Resolved Two-Photon Photoemission Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:076803. [PMID: 32857578 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.076803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Employing femtosecond laser pulses in front and back side pumping of Au/Fe/MgO(001) combined with detection in two-photon photoelectron emission spectroscopy, we analyze local relaxation dynamics of excited electrons in buried Fe, injection into Au across the Fe-Au interface, and electron transport across the Au layer at 0.6 to 2.0 eV above the Fermi energy. By analysis as a function of Au film thickness we obtain the electron lifetimes of bulk Au and Fe and distinguish the relaxation in the heterostructure's constituents. We also show that the excited electrons propagate through Au in a superdiffusive regime and conclude further that electron injection across the epitaxial interface proceeds ballistically by electron wave packet propagation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Beyazit
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - J Beckord
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - P Zhou
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - J P Meyburg
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - F Kühne
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - D Diesing
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - M Ligges
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - U Bovensiepen
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liao Q, Cao W, Zhang Q, Liu K, Wang F, Lu P, Thumm U. Distinction of Electron Dispersion in Time-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:043201. [PMID: 32794793 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.043201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
While recent experiments provided compelling evidence for an intricate dependence of attosecond photoemission-time delays on the solid's electronic band structure, the extent to which electronic transport and dispersion in solids can be imaged in time-resolved photoelectron (PE) spectra remains poorly understood. Emphasizing the distinction between photoemission time delays measured with two-photon, two-color interferometric spectroscopy, and transport times, we demonstrate how the effect of energy dispersion in the solid on photoemission delays can, in principle, be observed in interferometric photoemission. We reveal analytically a scaling relation between the PE transport time in the solid and the observable photoemission delay and confirm this relation in numerical simulations for a model system. We trace photoemission delays to the phase difference the PE accumulates inside the solid and, in particular, predict negative photoemission delays. Based on these findings, we suggest a novel time-domain interferometric solid-state energy-momentum-dispersion imaging method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Peixiang Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Uwe Thumm
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Keunecke M, Möller C, Schmitt D, Nolte H, Jansen GSM, Reutzel M, Gutberlet M, Halasi G, Steil D, Steil S, Mathias S. Time-resolved momentum microscopy with a 1 MHz high-harmonic extreme ultraviolet beamline. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:063905. [PMID: 32611056 DOI: 10.1063/5.0006531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in laser-based high-repetition rate extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light sources and multidimensional photoelectron spectroscopy enables the build-up of a new generation of time-resolved photoemission experiments. Here, we present a setup for time-resolved momentum microscopy driven by a 1 MHz fs EUV table-top light source optimized for the generation of 26.5 eV photons. The setup provides simultaneous access to the temporal evolution of the photoelectron's kinetic energy and in-plane momentum. We discuss opportunities and limitations of our new experiment based on a series of static and time-resolved measurements on graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Keunecke
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christina Möller
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Schmitt
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - G S Matthijs Jansen
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Reutzel
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marie Gutberlet
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gyula Halasi
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Steil
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Steil
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mathias
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu Y, Beetar JE, Hosen MM, Dhakal G, Sims C, Kabir F, Etienne MB, Dimitri K, Regmi S, Liu Y, Pathak AK, Kaczorowski D, Neupane M, Chini M. Extreme ultraviolet time- and angle-resolved photoemission setup with 21.5 meV resolution using high-order harmonic generation from a turn-key Yb:KGW amplifier. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:013102. [PMID: 32012559 DOI: 10.1063/1.5121425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing and controlling electronic properties of quantum materials require direct measurements of nonequilibrium electronic band structures over large regions of momentum space. Here, we demonstrate an experimental apparatus for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using high-order harmonic probe pulses generated by a robust, moderately high power (20 W) Yb:KGW amplifier with a tunable repetition rate between 50 and 150 kHz. By driving high-order harmonic generation (HHG) with the second harmonic of the fundamental 1025 nm laser pulses, we show that single-harmonic probe pulses at 21.8 eV photon energy can be effectively isolated without the use of a monochromator. The on-target photon flux can reach 5 × 1010 photons/s at 50 kHz, and the time resolution is measured to be 320 fs. The relatively long pulse duration of the Yb-driven HHG source allows us to reach an excellent energy resolution of 21.5 meV, which is achieved by suppressing the space-charge broadening using a low photon flux of 1.5 × 108 photons/s at a higher repetition rate of 150 kHz. The capabilities of the setup are demonstrated through measurements in the topological semimetal ZrSiS and the topological insulator Sb2-xGdxTe3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - John E Beetar
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Md Mofazzel Hosen
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Gyanendra Dhakal
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Christopher Sims
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Firoza Kabir
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Marc B Etienne
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Klauss Dimitri
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Sabin Regmi
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Yong Liu
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
| | - Arjun K Pathak
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
| | - Dariusz Kaczorowski
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-50-950 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Madhab Neupane
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Michael Chini
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Riemensberger J, Neppl S, Potamianos D, Schäffer M, Schnitzenbaumer M, Ossiander M, Schröder C, Guggenmos A, Kleineberg U, Menzel D, Allegretti F, Barth JV, Kienberger R, Feulner P, Borisov AG, Echenique PM, Kazansky AK. Attosecond Dynamics of sp-Band Photoexcitation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:176801. [PMID: 31702261 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.176801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the temporal dynamics of the valence band photoemission from the magnesium (0001) surface across the resonance of the Γ[over ¯] surface state at 134 eV and link them to observations of high-resolution synchrotron photoemission and numerical calculations of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation using an effective single-electron model potential. We observe a decrease in the time delay between photoemission from delocalized valence states and the localized core orbitals on resonance. Our approach to rigorously link excitation energy-resolved conventional steady-state photoemission with attosecond streaking spectroscopy reveals the connection between energy-space properties of bound electronic states and the temporal dynamics of the fundamental electronic excitations underlying the photoelectric effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Riemensberger
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefan Neppl
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dionysios Potamianos
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Schäffer
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Ossiander
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Schröder
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Guggenmos
- Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ulf Kleineberg
- Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dietrich Menzel
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Francesco Allegretti
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Reinhard Kienberger
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Feulner
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Andrei G Borisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), UMR 8214, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, bât 520, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Material Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU; Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pedro M Echenique
- Material Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU; Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Andrey K Kazansky
- Material Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU; Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Barreau L, Petersson CLM, Klinker M, Camper A, Marante C, Gorman T, Kiesewetter D, Argenti L, Agostini P, González-Vázquez J, Salières P, DiMauro LF, Martín F. Disentangling Spectral Phases of Interfering Autoionizing States from Attosecond Interferometric Measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:253203. [PMID: 31347882 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.253203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We have determined spectral phases of Ne autoionizing states from extreme ultraviolet and midinfrared attosecond interferometric measurements and ab initio full-electron time-dependent theoretical calculations in an energy interval where several of these states are coherently populated. The retrieved phases exhibit a complex behavior as a function of photon energy, which is the consequence of the interference between paths involving various resonances. In spite of this complexity, we show that phases for individual resonances can still be obtained from experiment by using an extension of the Fano model of atomic resonances. As simultaneous excitation of several resonances is a common scenario in many-electron systems, the present work paves the way to reconstruct electron wave packets coherently generated by attosecond pulses in systems larger than helium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lou Barreau
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, and Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Leon M Petersson
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Klinker
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoine Camper
- The Ohio State University, Department of Physics, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Carlos Marante
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Timothy Gorman
- The Ohio State University, Department of Physics, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | - Luca Argenti
- Department of Physics and CREOL, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Pierre Agostini
- The Ohio State University, Department of Physics, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | - Pascal Salières
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, and Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Louis F DiMauro
- The Ohio State University, Department of Physics, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Fernando Martín
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang Y, Tang T, Duan S, Zhou C, Hao D, Zhang W. A time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with probe photon energy up to 6.7 eV. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:063905. [PMID: 31254991 DOI: 10.1063/1.5090439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present the development of a time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy based on a Yb-based femtosecond laser and a hemispherical electron analyzer. The energy of the pump photon is tunable between 1.4 and 1.9 eV, and the pulse duration is around 30 fs. We use a KBe2BO3F2 nonlinear optical crystal to generate probe pulses, of which the photon energy is up to 6.7 eV, and obtain an overall time resolution of 1 ps and energy resolution of 18 meV. In addition, β-BaB2O4 crystals are used to generate alternative probe pulses at 6.05 eV, giving an overall time resolution of 130 fs and energy resolution of 19 meV. We illustrate the performance of the system with representative data on several samples (Bi2Se3, YbCd2Sb2, and FeSe).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tianwei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaofeng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chaocheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Duxing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Schoenlein R, Elsaesser T, Holldack K, Huang Z, Kapteyn H, Murnane M, Woerner M. Recent advances in ultrafast X-ray sources. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2019; 377:20180384. [PMID: 30929633 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Over more than a century, X-rays have transformed our understanding of the fundamental structure of matter and have been an indispensable tool for chemistry, physics, biology, materials science and related fields. Recent advances in ultrafast X-ray sources operating in the femtosecond to attosecond regimes have opened an important new frontier in X-ray science. These advances now enable: (i) sensitive probing of structural dynamics in matter on the fundamental timescales of atomic motion, (ii) element-specific probing of electronic structure and charge dynamics on fundamental timescales of electronic motion, and (iii) powerful new approaches for unravelling the coupling between electronic and atomic structural dynamics that underpin the properties and function of matter. Most notable is the recent realization of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) with numerous new XFEL facilities in operation or under development worldwide. Advances in XFELs are complemented by advances in synchrotron-based and table-top laser-plasma X-ray sources now operating in the femtosecond regime, and laser-based high-order harmonic XUV sources operating in the attosecond regime. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measurement of ultrafast electronic and structural dynamics with X-rays'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Schoenlein
- 1 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 , USA
| | - Thomas Elsaesser
- 2 Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Karsten Holldack
- 3 Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Zhirong Huang
- 1 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 , USA
| | - Henry Kapteyn
- 4 Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309-0440 , USA
| | - Margaret Murnane
- 4 Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309-0440 , USA
| | - Michael Woerner
- 2 Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Song X, Zuo R, Yang S, Li P, Meier T, Yang W. Attosecond temporal confinement of interband excitation by intraband motion. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:2225-2234. [PMID: 30732262 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.002225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High order harmonic generation (HHG) in semiconductors opens a new frontier in strong field physics and attosecond science. However, the underlying physical mechanisms are not yet fully understood and lively debated. Here, we identify and discuss carrier-wave population transfer as a novel and important dynamical effect. We find that the interband excitation occurs in an extremely short time window due to the intraband motion. Our analysis based on this finding allows for a physically intuitive interpretation of the anomalous carrier-envelope phase dependence observed in HHG from MgO and to understand the dominant role of the interband polarization as reported in a series of recent semiconductor HHG experiments. Motivated by the discovered coupling mechanism, we demonstrate that the interband excitation can be controlled by an appropriately tailored two-color field. An ultrabroad supercontinuum spectrum covering the entire plateau region can be generated which directly creates an isolated-attosecond pulse even without phase compensation. Our results provide remarkable insight into the basic physics governing the sub-cycle electron motion with significant implications for the generation of isolated-attosecond light pulses in semiconductor materials.
Collapse
|
38
|
Saule T, Heinrich S, Schötz J, Lilienfein N, Högner M, deVries O, Plötner M, Weitenberg J, Esser D, Schulte J, Russbueldt P, Limpert J, Kling MF, Kleineberg U, Pupeza I. High-flux ultrafast extreme-ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy at 18.4 MHz pulse repetition rate. Nat Commun 2019; 10:458. [PMID: 30692528 PMCID: PMC6349926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser-dressed photoelectron spectroscopy, employing extreme-ultraviolet attosecond pulses obtained by femtosecond-laser-driven high-order harmonic generation, grants access to atomic-scale electron dynamics. Limited by space charge effects determining the admissible number of photoelectrons ejected during each laser pulse, multidimensional (i.e. spatially or angle-resolved) attosecond photoelectron spectroscopy of solids and nanostructures requires high-photon-energy, broadband high harmonic sources operating at high repetition rates. Here, we present a high-conversion-efficiency, 18.4-MHz-repetition-rate cavity-enhanced high harmonic source emitting 5 × 105 photons per pulse in the 25-to-60-eV range, releasing 1 × 1010 photoelectrons per second from a 10-µm-diameter spot on tungsten, at space charge distortions of only a few tens of meV. Broadband, time-of-flight photoelectron detection with nearly 100% temporal duty cycle evidences a count rate improvement between two and three orders of magnitude over state-of-the-art attosecond photoelectron spectroscopy experiments under identical space charge conditions. The measurement time reduction and the photon energy scalability render this technology viable for next-generation, high-repetition-rate, multidimensional attosecond metrology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Saule
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - S Heinrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - J Schötz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - N Lilienfein
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - M Högner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - O deVries
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik (IOF), Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - M Plötner
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik (IOF), Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - J Weitenberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik (ILT), Steinbachstr. 15, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - D Esser
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik (ILT), Steinbachstr. 15, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Schulte
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik (ILT), Steinbachstr. 15, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Russbueldt
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik (ILT), Steinbachstr. 15, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Limpert
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Angewandte Physik (IAP), Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Active Fiber Systems GmbH (AFS), Wildenbruchstr. 15, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - M F Kling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - U Kleineberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - I Pupeza
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gebauer A, Neb S, Enns W, Heinzmann U, Kazansky AK, Pfeiffer W. Photoemission time versus streaking delay in attosecond time-resolved solid state photo-emission. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201920502019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-dependent Schrodinger equation simulations for a one-dimensional model potential reveal that the delay extracted from a streaking spectrogram does not reflect the photoemission time if the streaking field inside the solid cannot be neglected.
Collapse
|
40
|
Fujiwara H, Terashima K, Sunagawa M, Yano Y, Nagayama T, Fukura T, Yoshii F, Matsuura Y, Ogata M, Wakita T, Yaji K, Harasawa A, Kuroda K, Shin S, Horiba K, Kumigashira H, Muraoka Y, Yokoya T. Origins of Thermal Spin Depolarization in Half-Metallic Ferromagnet CrO_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:257201. [PMID: 30608774 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.257201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using high-resolution spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we observe a thermal spin depolarization to which all spin-polarized electrons contribute. Furthermore, we observe a distinct minority spin state near the Fermi level and a corresponding depolarization that seldom contributes to demagnetization. The origin of this depolarization has been identified as the many-body effect characteristic of half-metallic ferromagnets. Our investigation opens an experimental field of itinerant ferromagnetic physics focusing on phenomena with sub-meV energy scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kensei Terashima
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masanori Sunagawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuko Yano
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takanobu Nagayama
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Fukura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Fumiya Yoshii
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuka Matsuura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Makoto Ogata
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takanori Wakita
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yaji
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ayumi Harasawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Shik Shin
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Koji Horiba
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kumigashira
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yuji Muraoka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yokoya
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The emerging research field of attosecond science allows for the temporal investigation of one of the fastest dynamics in nature: electron dynamics in matter. These dynamics are responsible for chemical and biological processes, and the ability to understand and control them opens a new door of fundamental science, with the possibility to influence all lives if medical issues can thereby be addressed. Multilayer optics are key elements in attosecond experiments; they are used to tailor attosecond pulses with well-defined characteristics to facilitate detailed and accurate insight into processes, e.g., photoemission, Auger decay, or (core-) excitons. Based on the investigations and research efforts from the past several years, multilayer mirrors today are routinely used optical elements in attosecond beamlines. As a consequence, the generation of ultrashort pulses, combined with their dispersion control, has proceeded from the femtosecond range in the visible/infrared spectra to the attosecond range, covering the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray photon range up to the water window. This article reviews our work on multilayer optics over the past several years, as well as the impact from other research groups, to reflect on the scientific background of their nowadays routine use in attosecond physics.
Collapse
|
42
|
Karl RM, Mancini GF, Knobloch JL, Frazer TD, Hernandez-Charpak JN, Abad B, Gardner DF, Shanblatt ER, Tanksalvala M, Porter CL, Bevis CS, Adams DE, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM. Full-field imaging of thermal and acoustic dynamics in an individual nanostructure using tabletop high harmonic beams. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaau4295. [PMID: 30345364 PMCID: PMC6195334 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Imaging charge, spin, and energy flow in materials is a current grand challenge that is relevant to a host of nanoenhanced systems, including thermoelectric, photovoltaic, electronic, and spin devices. Ultrafast coherent x-ray sources enable functional imaging on nanometer length and femtosecond timescales particularly when combined with advances in coherent imaging techniques. Here, we combine ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging with an extreme ultraviolet high harmonic light source to directly visualize the complex thermal and acoustic response of an individual nanoscale antenna after impulsive heating by a femtosecond laser. We directly image the deformations induced in both the nickel tapered nanoantenna and the silicon substrate and see the lowest-order generalized Lamb wave that is partially confined to a uniform nanoantenna. The resolution achieved-sub-100 nm transverse and 0.5-Å axial spatial resolution, combined with ≈10-fs temporal resolution-represents a significant advance in full-field dynamic imaging capabilities. The tapered nanoantenna is sufficiently complex that a full simulation of the dynamic response would require enormous computational power. We therefore use our data to benchmark approximate models and achieve excellent agreement between theory and experiment. In the future, this work will enable three-dimensional functional imaging of opaque materials and nanostructures that are sufficiently complex that their functional properties cannot be predicted.
Collapse
|
43
|
Reimann J, Schlauderer S, Schmid CP, Langer F, Baierl S, Kokh KA, Tereshchenko OE, Kimura A, Lange C, Güdde J, Höfer U, Huber R. Subcycle observation of lightwave-driven Dirac currents in a topological surface band. Nature 2018; 562:396-400. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
44
|
Ossiander M, Riemensberger J, Neppl S, Mittermair M, Schäffer M, Duensing A, Wagner MS, Heider R, Wurzer M, Gerl M, Schnitzenbaumer M, Barth JV, Libisch F, Lemell C, Burgdörfer J, Feulner P, Kienberger R. Absolute timing of the photoelectric effect. Nature 2018; 561:374-377. [PMID: 30232421 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photoemission spectroscopy is central to understanding the inner workings of condensed matter, from simple metals and semiconductors to complex materials such as Mott insulators and superconductors1. Most state-of-the-art knowledge about such solids stems from spectroscopic investigations, and use of subfemtosecond light pulses can provide a time-domain perspective. For example, attosecond (10-18 seconds) metrology allows electron wave packet creation, transport and scattering to be followed on atomic length scales and on attosecond timescales2-7. However, previous studies could not disclose the duration of these processes, because the arrival time of the photons was not known with attosecond precision. Here we show that this main source of ambiguity can be overcome by introducing the atomic chronoscope method, which references all measured timings to the moment of light-pulse arrival and therefore provides absolute timing of the processes under scrutiny. Our proof-of-principle experiment reveals that photoemission from the tungsten conduction band can proceed faster than previously anticipated. By contrast, the duration of electron emanation from core states is correctly described by semiclassical modelling. These findings highlight the necessity of treating the origin, initial excitation and transport of electrons in advanced modelling of the attosecond response of solids, and our absolute data provide a benchmark. Starting from a robustly characterized surface, we then extend attosecond spectroscopy towards isolating the emission properties of atomic adsorbates on surfaces and demonstrate that these act as photoemitters with instantaneous response. We also find that the tungsten core-electron timing remains unchanged by the adsorption of less than one monolayer of dielectric atoms, providing a starting point for the exploration of excitation and charge migration in technologically and biologically relevant adsorbate systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ossiander
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany. .,Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany.
| | - J Riemensberger
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - S Neppl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Mittermair
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - M Schäffer
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - A Duensing
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - M S Wagner
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - R Heider
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - M Wurzer
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - M Gerl
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany
| | - M Schnitzenbaumer
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - J V Barth
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - F Libisch
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Lemell
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Burgdörfer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Feulner
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - R Kienberger
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany. .,Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Song X, Shi G, Zhang G, Xu J, Lin C, Chen J, Yang W. Attosecond Time Delay of Retrapped Resonant Ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:103201. [PMID: 30240251 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A recent ultrafast pump-probe technique has allowed measurement of time delays during photoemission in a variety of systems ranging from atoms and molecules to solids with unprecedented temporal resolution. However, identifying the underlying physics is still a challenge especially in complicated multichannel above-threshold ionization (ATI) experiments. Here we demonstrate that the time delays of different ionization pathways in ATI can be clearly resolved and extracted with a semiclassical statistical method. The remarkable phase shift of near threshold photoelectrons can be attributed to a temporary retrapping of a photoelectron by the atomic potential in a quasibound state after emerging in the continuum state. This continuum-bound-continuum scattering manifests as a new resonant effect in strong-field photoemission. Our results unify the seemingly opposing quantum Eisenbud-Wigner-Smith time delay and classical Coulomb-induced time delay by highlighting the same physical picture, which holds promise for an intuitive interpretation of time-resolved fundamental electronic processes in strong-field experiments and epistemological reexamination of the quantum-classical correspondence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Song
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Guangluo Shi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Physics Simulation, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, P.O. Box 8009, Beijing 100088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Weifeng Yang
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Corder C, Zhao P, Bakalis J, Li X, Kershis MD, Muraca AR, White MG, Allison TK. Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet photoemission without space charge. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2018; 5:054301. [PMID: 30246049 PMCID: PMC6127013 DOI: 10.1063/1.5045578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Time- and Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy from surfaces can be used to record the dynamics of electrons and holes in condensed matter on ultrafast time scales. However, ultrafast photoemission experiments using extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) light have previously been limited by either space-charge effects, low photon flux, or limited tuning range. In this article, we describe XUV photoelectron spectroscopy experiments with up to 5 nA of average sample current using a tunable cavity-enhanced high-harmonic source operating at 88 MHz repetition rate. The source delivers >1011 photons/s in isolated harmonics to the sample over a broad photon energy range from 18 to 37 eV with a spot size of 58 × 100 μm2. From photoelectron spectroscopy data, we place conservative upper limits on the XUV pulse duration and photon energy bandwidth of 93 fs and 65 meV, respectively. The high photocurrent, lack of strong space charge distortions of the photoelectron spectra, and excellent isolation of individual harmonic orders allow us to observe laser-induced modifications of the photoelectron spectra at the 10-4 level, enabling time-resolved XUV photoemission experiments in a qualitatively new regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Zhao
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Jin Bakalis
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Xinlong Li
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | | | - Amanda R Muraca
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
You W, Tengdin P, Chen C, Shi X, Zusin D, Zhang Y, Gentry C, Blonsky A, Keller M, Oppeneer PM, Kapteyn H, Tao Z, Murnane M. Revealing the Nature of the Ultrafast Magnetic Phase Transition in Ni by Correlating Extreme Ultraviolet Magneto-Optic and Photoemission Spectroscopies. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:077204. [PMID: 30169091 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.077204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
By correlating time- and angle-resolved photoemission and time-resolved transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements, both at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths, we uncover the universal nature of the ultrafast photoinduced magnetic phase transition in Ni. This allows us to explain the ultrafast magnetic response of Ni at all laser fluences-from a small reduction of the magnetization at low laser fluences, to complete quenching at high laser fluences. Both probe methods exhibit the same demagnetization and recovery timescales. The spin system absorbs the energy required to proceed through a magnetic phase transition within 20 fs after the peak of the pump pulse. However, the spectroscopic signatures of demagnetization of the material appear only after ≈200 fs and the subsequent recovery of magnetization on timescales ranging from 500 fs to >70 ps. We also provide evidence of two competing channels with two distinct timescales in the recovery process that suggest the presence of coexisting phases in the material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing You
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Phoebe Tengdin
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Xun Shi
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zusin
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Yingchao Zhang
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Christian Gentry
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Adam Blonsky
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Mark Keller
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Peter M Oppeneer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henry Kapteyn
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Zhensheng Tao
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Margaret Murnane
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li J, Saydanzad E, Thumm U. Imaging Plasmonic Fields with Atomic Spatiotemporal Resolution. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:223903. [PMID: 29906172 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.223903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme for the reconstruction of plasmonic near fields at isolated nanoparticles from infrared-streaked extreme-ultraviolet photoemission spectra. Based on quantum-mechanically modeled spectra, we demonstrate and analyze the accurate imaging of the IR-streaking-pulse-induced transient plasmonic fields at the surface of gold nanospheres and nanoshells with subfemtosecond temporal and subnanometer spatial resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Li
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Erfan Saydanzad
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Uwe Thumm
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhou X, He S, Liu G, Zhao L, Yu L, Zhang W. New developments in laser-based photoemission spectroscopy and its scientific applications: a key issues review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2018; 81:062101. [PMID: 29460857 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aab0cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The significant progress in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) in last three decades has elevated it from a traditional band mapping tool to a precise probe of many-body interactions and dynamics of quasiparticles in complex quantum systems. The recent developments of deep ultraviolet (DUV, including ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet) laser-based ARPES have further pushed this technique to a new level. In this paper, we review some latest developments in DUV laser-based photoemission systems, including the super-high energy and momentum resolution ARPES, the spin-resolved ARPES, the time-of-flight ARPES, and the time-resolved ARPES. We also highlight some scientific applications in the study of electronic structure in unconventional superconductors and topological materials using these state-of-the-art DUV laser-based ARPES. Finally we provide our perspectives on the future directions in the development of laser-based photoemission systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjiang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kraus PM, Zürch M, Cushing SK, Neumark DM, Leone SR. The ultrafast X-ray spectroscopic revolution in chemical dynamics. Nat Rev Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|