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Rothfischer F, Vogt M, Kopperger E, Gerland U, Simmel FC. From Brownian to Deterministic Motor Movement in a DNA-Based Molecular Rotor. Nano Lett 2024; 24:5224-5230. [PMID: 38640250 PMCID: PMC11066961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Molecular devices that have an anisotropic periodic potential landscape can be operated as Brownian motors. When the potential landscape is cyclically switched with an external force, such devices can harness random Brownian fluctuations to generate a directed motion. Recently, directed Brownian motor-like rotatory movement was demonstrated with an electrically switched DNA origami rotor with designed ratchet-like obstacles. Here, we demonstrate that the intrinsic anisotropy of DNA origami rotors is also sufficient to result in motor movement. We show that for low amplitudes of an external switching field, such devices operate as Brownian motors, while at higher amplitudes, they behave deterministically as overdamped electrical motors. We characterize the amplitude and frequency dependence of the movements, showing that after an initial steep rise, the angular speed peaks and drops for excessive driving amplitudes and frequencies. The rotor movement can be well described by a simple stochastic model of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rothfischer
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Matthias Vogt
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Enzo Kopperger
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gerland
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Friedrich C. Simmel
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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2
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Guo H, Kirchhoff JL, Strohmann C, Grabe B, Loh CCJ. Asymmetric Pd/Organoboron-Catalyzed Site-Selective Carbohydrate Functionalization with Alkoxyallenes Involving Noncovalent Stereocontrol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202400912. [PMID: 38530140 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate the robustness of a synergistic chiral Pd/organoboron system in tackling a challenging suite of site-, regio-, enantio- and diastereoselectivity issues across a considerable palette of biologically relevant carbohydrate polyols, when prochiral alkoxyallenes were employed as electrophiles. In view of the burgeoning role of noncovalent interactions (NCIs) in stereoselective carbohydrate synthesis, our mechanistic experiments and DFT modeling of the reaction path unexpectedly revealed that NCIs such as hydrogen bonding and CH-π interactions between the resting states of the Pd-π-allyl complex and the borinate saccharide are critically involved in the stereoselectivity control. Our strategy thus illuminates the untapped potential of harnessing NCIs in the context of transition metal catalysis to tackle stereoselectivity challenges in carbohydrate functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan-Lukas Kirchhoff
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Anorganische Chemie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Anorganische Chemie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bastian Grabe
- NMR Department Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Charles C J Loh
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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3
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Balser S, Röhrl M, Spormann C, Lindhorst TK, Terfort A. Selective Quantification of Bacteria in Mixtures by Using Glycosylated Polypyrrole/Hydrogel Nanolayers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:14243-14251. [PMID: 38442898 PMCID: PMC10959108 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present a covalent nanolayer system that consists of a conductive and biorepulsive base layer topped by a layer carrying biorecognition sites. The layers are built up by electropolymerization of pyrrole derivatives that either carry polyglycerol brushes (for biorepulsivity) or glycoside moieties (as biorecognition sites). The polypyrrole backbone makes the resulting nanolayer systems conductive, opening the opportunity for constructing an electrochemistry-based sensor system. The basic concept of the sensor exploits the highly selective binding of carbohydrates by certain harmful bacteria, as bacterial adhesion and infection are a major threat to human health, and thus, a sensitive and selective detection of the respective bacteria by portable devices is highly desirable. To demonstrate the selectivity, two strains of Escherichia coli were selected. The first strain carries type 1 fimbriae, terminated by a lectin called FimH, which recognizes α-d-mannopyranosides, which is a carbohydrate that is commonly found on endothelial cells. The otherE. coli strain was of a strain that lacked this particular lectin. It could be demonstrated that hybrid nanolayer systems containing a very thin carbohydrate top layer (2 nm) show the highest discrimination (factor 80) between the different strains. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it was possible to quantify in vivo the type 1-fimbriated E. coli down to an optical density of OD600 = 0.0004 with a theoretical limit of 0.00005. Surprisingly, the selectivity and sensitivity of the sensing remained the same even in the presence of a large excess of nonbinding bacteria, making the system useful for the rapid and selective detection of pathogens in complex matrices. As the presented covalent nanolayer system is modularly built, it opens the opportunity to develop a broad band of mobile sensing devices suitable for various field applications such as bedside diagnostics or monitoring for bacterial contamination, e.g., in bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Balser
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Röhrl
- Otto
Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana
Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Spormann
- Otto
Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana
Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto
Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana
Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Terfort
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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4
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Nosovska O, Liebing P, Vilotijevic I. Synthesis of β-Amino Acid Derivatives via Enantioselective Lewis Base Catalyzed N-Allylation of Halogenated Amides with Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304014. [PMID: 38116835 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoro- and trichloroacetamides serving as pronucleophiles undergo enantioselective Lewis base catalyzed N-allylation with Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates to produce enantioenriched β-amino acid derivatives. The reactions proceed as a kinetic resolution to give the allylation products and the remaining carbonates in good yields and high enantioselectivity. The obtained products are amenable to diastereoselective derivatization to produce a library of spiro-isoxazoline lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Nosovska
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Phil Liebing
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ivan Vilotijevic
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
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5
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Saric D, Guevara-Carrion G, Gaponenko Y, Shevtsova V, Vrabec J. Diffusion of hydrocarbons diluted in supercritical carbon dioxide. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16107. [PMID: 37752219 PMCID: PMC10522683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutual diffusion of six hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, isobutane, benzene, toluene or naphthalene) diluted in supercritical carbon dioxide ([Formula: see text]) is studied by molecular dynamics simulation near the Widom line, i.e., in the temperature range from 290 to 345 K along the isobar 9 MPa. The [Formula: see text] + aromatics mixtures are additionally sampled at 10 and 12 MPa and an experimental database with Fick diffusion coefficient data for those systems is provided. Taylor dispersion experiments of [Formula: see text] with benzene, toluene, n-dodecane and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene are conducted along the [Formula: see text] 10 MPa isobar. Maxwell-Stefan and Fick diffusion coefficients are analyzed, together with the thermodynamic factor that relates them. It is found that the peculiar behavior of the Fick diffusion coefficient of some [Formula: see text] mixtures in the extended critical region is a consequence of the thermodynamic factor minimum due to pronounced clustering on the molecular scale. Further, the strong dependence of the Fick diffusion coefficient on the molecular mass of the solute as well as the breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation near the Widom line are confirmed. Eleven correlations for the prediction of the Fick diffusion coefficient of [Formula: see text] mixtures are assessed. An alternative two-step approach for the prediction of the infinite dilution Fick diffusion coefficient of supercritical [Formula: see text] mixtures is proposed. It requires only the state point in terms of temperature and pressure (or density) as well as the molecular solute mass as input parameters. First, entropy scaling is applied to estimate the self-diffusion coefficient of [Formula: see text]. Subsequently, this coefficient is used to determine the infinite dilution Fick diffusion coefficient of the mixture, based on the finding that these two diffusion coefficients exhibit a linear relationship, where the slope depends only on the molecular solute mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Saric
- Thermodynamics, Technical University of Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Yury Gaponenko
- MRC, CP-165/62, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ave. F.D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentina Shevtsova
- Fluid Mechanics Group, Faculty of Engineering, Mondragon University, 20500, Mondragon, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jadran Vrabec
- Thermodynamics, Technical University of Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Wiedenroth CF, Otter V. Can new healthy luxury food products accelerate short food supply chain formation via social media marketing in high-income countries? Agric Food Econ 2022; 10:31. [PMID: 36530963 PMCID: PMC9735090 DOI: 10.1186/s40100-022-00238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Social media marketing is a promising tool for successful product placement of new healthy luxury food products, a subcategory of superfoods. Despite its growing popularity, no studies have investigated how social media marketing affects consumers' quality perception process for such superfoods and whether this provides opportunities for farmers to gain a competitive advantage in direct marketing channels. Therefore, we integrate media richness theory into the food quality guidance model, compile a data set of 697 German fruit consumers from May to June 2020, and analyze this sample via partial least square analysis. Results show that social media marketing is a viable tool for new healthy luxury food products if media content is highly experience providing. Furthermore, it offers opportunities for the formation of shorter food supply chains as farmers could, through the provision of engaging social media marketing content, sell new healthy luxury food products directly to the final consumer. This research provides implications to farmers, retailers and policy makers to exploit the social media marketing potential of new healthy luxury food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F. Wiedenroth
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Goettingen, Platz der Goettinger Sieben 5, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Verena Otter
- Business Management & Organisation Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Wiegel PS, Mach R, Nolte I, Freise F, Levicar C, Merhof K, Bach JP. Breed-specific values for vertebral heart score (VHS), vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), and radiographic left atrial dimension (RLAD) in pugs without cardiac disease, and their relationship to Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274085. [PMID: 36054125 PMCID: PMC9439199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective study aims to establish reference ranges for vertebral heart score (VHS), vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), and radiographic left atrial dimension (RLAD) in pugs. The impact of clinical severity of Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS), gender, body condition score, and body weight on VHS, VLAS, and RLAD were investigated. Intra- and interobserver correlation was determined. Correlation of radiographic scores to echocardiographic left atrial dimension was inspected. Additionally, for VLAS and RLAD, correlation to VHS was examined. Additionally, an assessment of thoracic and vertebral malformations was performed. Forty-seven privately owned pugs underwent physical examination, echocardiography, and thoracic radiography to determine cardiac health. Thirty-two pugs were eligible for establishing reference ranges for VHS in right lateral radiographs, which was 11.25 ± 0.62 (95% range, 10.1–12.8). Reference ranges for VHS in left lateral, and for VLAS and RLAD in right lateral radiograph were determined in 30 pugs. The VHS in left lateral radiograph was 11.01 ± 0.70 (95% range, 9.4–12.6), VLAS was 1.96 ± 0.38 (95% range, 1.1–2.8), and RLAD was 1.59 ± 0.34 (95% range, 0.7–2.4). Clinical severity of BOAS did not show any impact on radiographic measurements. For VLAS, a significant correlation to VHS was detected by all observers. No other variables had a consistent influence on the radiographic scores given by all observers. Interobserver agreement was almost perfect for VHS (0.89 on right lateral and 0.91 on left lateral image), moderate for VLAS (0.49), and fair for RLAD (0.22). More than one third of the entire study population (18 of 47 pugs) showed at least one thoracic cavity or spine abnormality, often leading to considerable changes in vertebral body shape and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Saskia Wiegel
- Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebekka Mach
- Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Fritjof Freise
- Institute for Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Charanthorn Levicar
- Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristina Merhof
- Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Bach
- Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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8
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Pira H, Risdian C, Müsken M, Schupp PJ, Wink J. Photobacterium arenosum WH24, Isolated from the Gill of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas from the North Sea of Germany: Co-cultivation and Prediction of Virulence. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:219. [PMID: 35704100 PMCID: PMC9200695 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cream colored bacteria from marine agar, strain WH24, WH77, and WH80 were isolated from the gill of the Crassostrea gigas a Pacific oyster with a filter-feeding habit that compels accompanying bacteria to demonstrate a high metabolic capacity, has proven able to colonize locations with changing circumstances. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, all strains had high similarity to Photobacterium arenosum CAU 1568T (99.72%). This study involved phenotypic traits, phylogenetic analysis, antimicrobial activity evaluation, genome mining, Co-cultivation experiments, and chemical studies of crude extracts using HPLC and LC-HRESIMS. Photobacterium arenosum WH24 and Zooshikella harenae WH53Twere co-cultivated for 3 days in a rotary shaker at 160 rpm at 30 °C, and LC-MS monitored the chemical profiles of the co-cultures on the third day. The UV chromatograms of the extracts of the co-cultivation experiments show that Zooshikella harenae WH53T could be inhibited by strain WH24. The high virulence of Photobacterium arenosum WH24 was confirmed by genome analysis. Gene groups with high virulence potential were detected: tssA (ImpA), tssB (ImpB/vipA), tssC (ImpC/vipB), tssE, tssF (ImpG/vasA), tssG (ImpH/vasB), tssM (IcmF/vasK), tssJ (vasD), tssK (ImpJ/vasE), tssL (ImpK/vasF), clpV (tssH), vasH, hcp, lapP, plpD, and tpsB family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Pira
- Microbial Strain Collection (MISG), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Chandra Risdian
- Microbial Strain Collection (MISG), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 38124, Brunswick, Germany
- Research Unit for Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bandung, 40135, Indonesia
| | - Mathias Müsken
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Peter J Schupp
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Wink
- Microbial Strain Collection (MISG), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
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9
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Bascuñana P, Wolf BJ, Jahreis I, Brackhan M, García-García L, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT imaging reveals brain hypoperfusion during status epilepticus. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2597-2602. [PMID: 34570340 PMCID: PMC8580894 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00843-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a clinical emergency with high mortality. SE can trigger neuronal death or injury and alteration of neuronal networks resulting in long-term cognitive decline or epilepsy. Among the multiple factors contributing to this damage, imbalance between oxygen and glucose requirements and brain perfusion during SE has been proposed. Herein, we aimed to quantify by neuroimaging the spatiotemporal course of brain perfusion during and after lithium-pilocarpine-induced SE in rats. To this purpose, animals underwent 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT imaging at different time points during and after SE using a small animal SPECT/CT system. 99mTc-HMPAO regional uptake was normalized to the injected dose. In addition, voxel-based statistical parametric mapping was performed. SPECT imaging showed an increase of cortical perfusion before clinical seizure activity onset followed by regional hypo-perfusion starting with the first convulsive seizure and during SE. Twenty-four hours after SE, brain 99mTc-HMPAO uptake was widely decreased. Finally, chronic epileptic animals showed regionally decreased perfusion affecting hippocampus and cortical sub-regions. Despite elevated energy and oxygen requirements, brain hypo-perfusion is present during SE. Our results suggest that insufficient compensation of required blood flow might contribute to neuronal damage and neuroinflammation, and ultimately to chronic epilepsy generated by SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bettina J Wolf
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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10
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Aljadeeah S, Wirtz VJ, Nagel E. Outpatient Antibiotic Dispensing for the Population with Government Health Insurance in Syria in 2018-2019. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E570. [PMID: 32887446 PMCID: PMC7559287 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about antibiotic uses at the population level in Syria. The aim of our study is to present outpatient antibiotic dispensing (OAD) patterns and rates for patients with health insurance in the parts of Syria that are controlled by the Syrian government using different indicators. Outpatient data on all dispensed antibiotics for 81,314 adults with health insurance were obtained and stratified according to age, sex, governorate and annual season. OAD was mainly expressed as the number of defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1000 people per day (DID). OAD patterns were assessed according to the anatomical therapeutic classification (ATC) and the Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification. OAD was 20.13 DID. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and clarithromycin were the most dispensed antibiotics (5.76 and 4.4 DID, respectively). Overall, a predominant consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics was noted. The Watch group of the AWaRe classification had the biggest percentage of OAD (13.26 DID), followed by the Access and the Reserve groups (6.55 and 0.17 DID, respectively). There was a significant difference in OAD between the sex and age groups. The seasonal and regional variations in OAD were also significant. Broad-spectrum antibiotics dispensing was high compared to other studies from different countries. These results are concerning, as they can contribute to antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Aljadeeah
- Institute of Medical Management and Health Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Prieserstr. 2, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Veronika J. Wirtz
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Eckhard Nagel
- Institute of Medical Management and Health Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Prieserstr. 2, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
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11
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Wolf BJ, Brackhan M, Bascuñana P, Leiter I, Langer BLN, Ross TL, Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M. TSPO PET Identifies Different Anti-inflammatory Minocycline Treatment Response in Two Rodent Models of Epileptogenesis. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1228-1238. [PMID: 31970667 PMCID: PMC7609777 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epileptogenesis-associated brain inflammation might be a promising target to prevent or attenuate epileptogenesis. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging targeting the translocator protein (TSPO) was applied here to quantify effects of different dosing regimens of the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline during the latent phase in two rodent models of epileptogenesis. After induction of epileptogenesis by status epilepticus (SE), rats were treated with minocycline for 7 days (25 or 50 mg/kg) and mice for 5 or 10 days (50 or 100 mg/kg). All animals were subjected to scans at 1 and 2 weeks post-SE. Radiotracer distribution was analyzed and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was performed, as well as histological analysis of astroglial activation and neuronal cell loss. Atlas-based analysis of [18F]GE180 PET in rats revealed a dose-dependent regional decrease of TSPO expression at 2 weeks post-SE. Results of SPM analysis depicted a treatment effect already at 1 week post-SE in rats treated with the higher minocycline dose. In mice, TSPO PET imaging did not reveal any treatment effects whereas histology identified only a treatment-related reduction in dispersion of dentate gyrus neurons. TSPO PET served as an auspicious tool for temporal monitoring and quantification of anti-inflammatory effects during epileptogenesis. Importantly, the findings underline the need to applying more than one animal model to avoid missing treatment effects. For future studies, the setup is ready to be applied in combination with seizure monitoring to investigate the relationship between individual early treatment response and disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina J Wolf
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Section of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Leiter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - B Laura N Langer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Pross C, Berger E, Siegel M, Geissler A, Busse R. Stroke units, certification, and outcomes in German hospitals: a longitudinal study of patient-based 30-day mortality for 2006-2014. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:880. [PMID: 30466414 PMCID: PMC6249823 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of stroke patients in stroke units has increased and studies have shown improved outcomes. However, a large share of patients in Germany is still treated in hospitals without stroke unit. The effects of stroke unit service line, and total hospital quality certification on outcomes remain unclear. METHODS We employ annual hospital panel data for 1100-1300 German hospitals from 2006 to 2014, which includes structural data and 30-day standardized mortality. We estimate hospital- and time-fixed effects regressions with three main independent variables: (1) stroke unit care, (2) stroke unit certification, and (3) total hospital quality certification. RESULTS Our results confirm the trend of decreasing stroke mortality ratios, although to a much lesser degree than previous studies. Descriptive analysis illustrates better stroke outcomes for non-certified and certified stroke units and hospitals with total hospital quality certification. In a fixed effects model, having a stroke unit has a significant quality-enhancing effect, lowering stroke mortality by 5.6%, while there is no significant improvement effect for stroke unit certification or total hospital quality certification. CONCLUSIONS Patients and health systems may benefit substantially from stroke unit treatment expansion as installing a stroke unit appears more meaningful than getting it certified or obtaining a total hospital quality certification. Health systems should thus prioritize investment in stroke unit infrastructure and centralize stroke care in stroke units. They should also prioritize patient-based 30-day mortality data as it allows a more realistic representation of mortality than admission-based data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Pross
- Department of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elke Berger
- Department of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Siegel
- Department of Empirical Health Economics, Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Geissler
- Department of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Busse
- Department of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Göpel T, Wirkner CS. Morphological description, character conceptualization and the reconstruction of ancestral states exemplified by the evolution of arthropod hearts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201702. [PMID: 30235213 PMCID: PMC6147405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthropods are the most species-rich taxon within Metazoa and have gone through major evolutionary changes with regard to body organization. Arthropod hearts and their associated vascular systems are thus morphologically highly disparate: while some arthropods exhibit very powerful hearts and complex vascular systems, other arthropods do not possess any kind of vascular system or heart at all. A comprehensive study investigating the structure of arthropods hearts has never been undertaken. In this study, we therefore investigate the hearts of 34 species from all major arthropod groups using various imaging techniques (confocal laser scanning microscopy, micro-computed tomography, histology) and describe them by addressing different aspects of heart morphology, e.g. the structure of the myocard or the composition of ostia. In a next step, we conceptualize 18 characters related to heart morphology and their respective character states and-using additional data from the literature-score a matrix for a total of 45 species from 38 supraspecific taxa. We map the characters onto prevailing phylogenetic hypotheses and perform parsimony-based ancestral state reconstruction to trace the evolutionary transformations undergone by arthropod hearts. An exploration of the character concepts (as explanatory hypotheses) reveals ontological peculiarities of character statements that clearly distinguish them in terms of ontological status from descriptive statements (i.e. descriptions of morphemes). The implications of these findings influence the interpretation of ground patterns as explanations. This first phylogenetic approach to heart morphology in the arthropod ground pattern reveals numerous new putative synapomorphies and leads to a reconsideration of the morphology of circulatory systems in early arthropods. Hypotheses on the evolution of hearts in (Pan-) Arthropoda are illustrated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Göpel
- Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian S. Wirkner
- Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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14
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Pross C, Strumann C, Geissler A, Herwartz H, Klein N. Quality and resource efficiency in hospital service provision: A geoadditive stochastic frontier analysis of stroke quality of care in Germany. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203017. [PMID: 30188906 PMCID: PMC6126832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We specify a Bayesian, geoadditive Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) model to assess hospital performance along the dimensions of resources and quality of stroke care in German hospitals. With 1,100 annual observations and data from 2006 to 2013 and risk-adjusted patient volume as output, we introduce a production function that captures quality, resource inputs, hospital inefficiency determinants and spatial patterns of inefficiencies. With high relevance for hospital management and health system regulators, we identify performance improvement mechanisms by considering marginal effects for the average hospital. Specialization and certification can substantially reduce mortality. Regional and hospital-level concentration can improve quality and resource efficiency. Finally, our results demonstrate a trade-off between quality improvement and resource reduction and substantial regional variation in efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Pross
- Department of Healthcare Management, Berlin University of Technology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Strumann
- Institute for Entrepreneurship and Business Development, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Geissler
- Department of Healthcare Management, Berlin University of Technology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Herwartz
- Chair of Econometrics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Humboldtallee 3, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nadja Klein
- Melbourne Business School, University of Melbourne, 200 Leicester Street, Carlton VIC 3053, Australia
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15
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Abstract
This study investigates the role of placebo expectations in individuals’ perception of exertion during acute physical exercise. Building upon findings from placebo and marketing research, we examined how perceived exertion is affected by expectations regarding a) the effects of exercise and b) the effects of the exercise product worn during the exercise. We also investigated whether these effects are moderated by physical self-concept. Seventy-eight participants conducted a moderate 30 min cycling exercise on an ergometer, with perceived exertion (RPE) measured every 5 minutes. Beforehand, each participant was randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions and watched a corresponding film clip presenting “scientific evidence” that the exercise would or would not result in health benefits and that the exercise product they were wearing (compression garment) would additionally enhance exercise benefits or would only be worn for control purposes. Participants’ physical self-concept was assessed via questionnaire. Results partially demonstrated that participants with more positive expectations experienced reduced perceived exertion during the exercise. Furthermore, our results indicate a moderator effect of physical self-concept: Individuals with a high physical self-concept benefited (in terms of reduced perceived exertion levels) in particular from an induction of generally positive expectations. In contrast, individuals with a low physical self-concept benefited when positive expectations were related to the exercise product they were wearing. In sum, these results suggest that placebo expectations may be a further, previously neglected class of psychological factors that influence the perception of exertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Mothes
- Department of Sports Science, University of Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstrasse 175, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Christian Leukel
- Department of Sports Science, University of Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstrasse 175, Freiburg, Germany
- Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Hansastrasse 9a, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Fuchs
- Department of Sports Science, University of Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstrasse 175, Freiburg, Germany
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16
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Pross C, Averdunk LH, Stjepanovic J, Busse R, Geissler A. Health care public reporting utilization - user clusters, web trails, and usage barriers on Germany's public reporting portal Weisse-Liste.de. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2017; 17:48. [PMID: 28431546 PMCID: PMC5399803 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-017-0440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of care public reporting provides structural, process and outcome information to facilitate hospital choice and strengthen quality competition. Yet, evidence indicates that patients rarely use this information in their decision-making, due to limited awareness of the data and complex and conflicting information. While there is enthusiasm among policy makers for public reporting, clinicians and researchers doubt its overall impact. Almost no study has analyzed how users behave on public reporting portals, which information they seek out and when they abort their search. METHODS This study employs web-usage mining techniques on server log data of 17 million user actions from Germany's premier provider transparency portal Weisse-Liste.de (WL.de) between 2012 and 2015. Postal code and ICD search requests facilitate identification of geographical and treatment area usage patterns. User clustering helps to identify user types based on parameters like session length, referrer and page topic visited. First-level markov chains illustrate common click paths and premature exits. RESULTS In 2015, the WL.de Hospital Search portal had 2,750 daily users, with 25% mobile traffic, a bounce rate of 38% and 48% of users examining hospital quality information. From 2013 to 2015, user traffic grew at 38% annually. On average users spent 7 min on the portal, with 7.4 clicks and 54 s between clicks. Users request information for many oncologic and orthopedic conditions, for which no process or outcome quality indicators are available. Ten distinct user types, with particular usage patterns and interests, are identified. In particular, the different types of professional and non-professional users need to be addressed differently to avoid high premature exit rates at several key steps in the information search and view process. Of all users, 37% enter hospital information correctly upon entry, while 47% require support in their hospital search. CONCLUSIONS Several onsite and offsite improvement options are identified. Public reporting needs to be directed at the interests of its users, with more outcome quality information for oncology and orthopedics. Customized reporting can cater to the different needs and skill levels of professional and non-professional users. Search engine optimization and hospital quality advocacy can increase website traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Pross
- Dept. of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars-Henrik Averdunk
- Dept. of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Reinhard Busse
- Dept. of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, WHO European Centre for Health Policy, Eurostation (Office 07C020), Place Victor Horta/Victor Hortaplein 40/10, 1060 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexander Geissler
- Dept. of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Administrative office H80, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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17
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del Giudice R, Blume C, Wislowska M, Wielek T, Heib DPJ, Schabus M. The Voice of Anger: Oscillatory EEG Responses to Emotional Prosody. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159429. [PMID: 27442445 PMCID: PMC4956258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotionally relevant stimuli and in particular anger are, due to their evolutionary relevance, often processed automatically and able to modulate attention independent of conscious access. Here, we tested whether attention allocation is enhanced when auditory stimuli are uttered by an angry voice. We recorded EEG and presented healthy individuals with a passive condition where unfamiliar names as well as the subject's own name were spoken both with an angry and neutral prosody. The active condition instead, required participants to actively count one of the presented (angry) names. Results revealed that in the passive condition the angry prosody only elicited slightly stronger delta synchronization as compared to a neutral voice. In the active condition the attended (angry) target was related to enhanced delta/theta synchronization as well as alpha desynchronization suggesting enhanced allocation of attention and utilization of working memory resources. Altogether, the current results are in line with previous findings and highlight that attention orientation can be systematically related to specific oscillatory brain responses. Potential applications include assessment of non-communicative clinical groups such as post-comatose patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata del Giudice
- University of Salzburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christine Blume
- University of Salzburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Malgorzata Wislowska
- University of Salzburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tomasz Wielek
- University of Salzburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dominik P. J. Heib
- University of Salzburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Manuel Schabus
- University of Salzburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- * E-mail:
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