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Hua P, Liang R, Yang S, Tu Y, Chen M. Microneedle-assisted dual delivery of PUMA gene and celastrol for synergistic therapy of rheumatoid arthritis through restoring synovial homeostasis. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:83-95. [PMID: 38450203 PMCID: PMC10917641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation of aggressive fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and perpetuate synovial inflammation can inevitably accelerate the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Herein, a strategy of simultaneously promoting FLS apoptosis and inhibiting inflammation as mediated by macrophages is proposed to restore synovial homeostasis for effective RA therapy. A hyaluronic acid-based dissolvable microneedle (MN) is fabricated for transdermal delivery of dual human serum albumin (HSA)-contained biomimetic nanocomplexes to regulate RA FLS and macrophages. Upon skin insertion, dual nanocomplexes are released rapidly from the MN and accumulate in RA joint microenvironment through both passive and active targeting as mediated by HSA. Thioketal-crosslinked fluorinated polyethyleneimine 1.8 K (TKPF) was constructed to bind the plasmid encoding pro-apoptotic gene PUMA with HSA coating layer (TKPF/pPUMA@HSA, TPH). TPH nanocomplexes can upregulate PUMA through RA FLS transfection to trigger efficient apoptosis. Also, HSA nanocomplexes encapsulating the classic anti-inflammatory natural product celastrol (Cel@HSA, CH) can inhibit inflammation of macrophages through blocking NF-κB pathway activation. TPH/CH MN can deplete RA FLS and inhibit M1 macrophage activation, suppress synovial hyperplasia as well as reduce bone and cartilage erosion in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, demonstrating a promising strategy for efficient RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Suleixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yanbei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
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2
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Zheng X, Zhou C, Hu Y, Xu S, Hu L, Li B, Zhao X, Li Q, Tang X, Huang K. Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Analysis Unveils PTPRS Inhibits Proliferation and Inflammatory Response of Keratinocytes in Psoriasis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02044-z. [PMID: 38739342 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we used data-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) to analyze the serum proteome in psoriasis vulgaris (PsO). The serum proteomes of seven healthy controls and eight patients with PsO were analyzed using DIA-MS. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) that were closely related to PsO. Hub proteins of PsO were also identified. The Proteomics Drug Atlas 2023 was used to predict candidate hub protein drugs. To confirm the expression of the candidate factor, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor S (PTPRS), in psoriatic lesions and the psoriatic keratinocyte model, immunohistochemical staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were performed. A total of 129 DEPs were found to be closely related to PsO. The hub proteins for PsO were PVRL1, FGFR1, PTPRS, CDH2, CDH1, MCAM, and THY1. Five candidate hub protein drugs were identified: encorafenib, leupeptin, fedratinib, UNC 0631, and SCH 530348. PTPRS was identified as a common pharmacological target for these five drugs. PTPRS knockdown in keratinocytes promoted the proliferation and expression of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-23A, TNF-α, MMP9, CXCL8, and S100A9. PTPRS expression was decreased in PsO, and PTPRS negatively regulated PsO. PTPRS may be involved in PsO pathogenesis through the inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation and inflammatory responses and is a potential treatment target for PsO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulian Hu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyu Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Hoffmann MH, Kirchner H, Krönke G, Riemekasten G, Bonelli M. Inflammatory tissue priming: novel insights and therapeutic opportunities for inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224092. [PMID: 38702177 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to optimised treatment strategies and the availability of new therapies during the last decades, formerly devastating chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis (SSc) have become less menacing. However, in many patients, even state-of-the-art treatment cannot induce remission. Moreover, the risk for flares strongly increases once anti-inflammatory therapy is tapered or withdrawn, suggesting that underlying pathological processes remain active even in the absence of overt inflammation. It has become evident that tissues have the ability to remember past encounters with pathogens, wounds and other irritants, and to react more strongly and/or persistently to the next occurrence. This priming of the tissue bears a paramount role in defence from microbes, but on the other hand drives inflammatory pathologies (the Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde aspect of tissue adaptation). Emerging evidence suggests that long-lived tissue-resident cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, long-lived plasma cells and tissue-resident memory T cells, determine inflammatory tissue priming in an interplay with infiltrating immune cells of lymphoid and myeloid origin, and with systemically acting factors such as cytokines, extracellular vesicles and antibodies. Here, we review the current state of science on inflammatory tissue priming, focusing on tissue-resident and tissue-occupying cells in arthritis and SSc, and reflect on the most promising treatment options targeting the maladapted tissue response during these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henriette Kirchner
- Institute for Human Genetics, Epigenetics and Metabolism Lab, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
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Xu F, Shen C, Zhang S, Liu Y, Liu D, Kuang Y, Li R, Wang C, Cai X, Shi M, Xiao Y. Coptisine inhibits aggressive and proliferative actions of fibroblast like synoviocytes and exerts a therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111433. [PMID: 38181676 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coptisine, a natural bioactive small molecular compound extracted from traditional Chinese herb Coptis chinensis, has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor effect. However, its contribution to autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unknown. Here, we evaluate the effect of coptisine in controlling fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS)-mediated synovial proliferation and aggression in RA and further explore its underlying mechanism(s). METHODS FLS were separated from synovial tissues obtained from patients with RA. Protein expression was measured by Western blot or immunohistochemistry. Gene expression was detected by quantitative RT-PCR. The EdU incorporation was used to measure cell proliferation. Migration and invasion were determined by Boyden chamber assay. RNA sequencing analysis was used to seek for the target of coptisine. The in vivo effect of coptisine was evaluated in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. RESULTS Treatment with coptisine reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion, but not apoptosis of RA FLS. Mechanistically, we identified PSAT1, an enzyme that catalyzes serine/one-carbon/glycine biosynthesis, as a novel targeting gene of coptisine in RA FLS. PSAT1 expression was increased in FLS and synovial tissues from patients with RA compared to healthy control subjects. Coptisine treatment or PSAT1 knockdown reduced the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK MAPK pathway. Interestingly, coptisine administration improved the severity of arthritis and reduced synovial PSAT1 expression in mice with CIA. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that coptisine treatment suppresses aggressive and proliferative actions of RA FLS by targeting PSAT1 and sequential inhibition of phosphorylated p38, ERK1/2, and JNK MAPK pathway. Our findings suggest that coptisine might control FLS-mediated rheumatoid synovial proliferation and aggression, and be a novel potential agent for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqiu Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuyu Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuoyang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingli Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Kuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiru Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Maohua Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Sendo S, Kiosses WB, Yang S, Wu DJ, Lee DWK, Liu L, Aschner Y, Vela AJ, Downey GP, Santelli E, Bottini N. Clustering of phosphatase RPTPα promotes Src signaling and the arthritogenic action of synovial fibroblasts. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabn8668. [PMID: 37402225 PMCID: PMC10544828 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abn8668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-type protein phosphatase α (RPTPα) promotes fibroblast-dependent arthritis and fibrosis, in part, by enhancing the activation of the kinase SRC. Synovial fibroblasts lining joint tissue mediate inflammation and tissue damage, and their infiltration into adjacent tissues promotes disease progression. RPTPα includes an ectodomain and two intracellular catalytic domains (D1 and D2) and, in cancer cells, undergoes inhibitory homodimerization, which is dependent on a D1 wedge motif. Through single-molecule localization and labeled molecule interaction microscopy of migrating synovial fibroblasts, we investigated the role of RPTPα dimerization in the activation of SRC, the migration of synovial fibroblasts, and joint damage in a mouse model of arthritis. RPTPα clustered with other RPTPα and with SRC molecules in the context of actin-rich structures. A known dimerization-impairing mutation in the wedge motif (P210L/P211L) and the deletion of the D2 domain reduced RPTPα-RPTPα clustering; however, it also unexpectedly reduced RPTPα-SRC association. The same mutations also reduced recruitment of RPTPα to actin-rich structures and inhibited SRC activation and cellular migration. An antibody against the RPTPα ectodomain that prevented the clustering of RPTPα also inhibited RPTPα-SRC association and SRC activation and attenuated fibroblast migration and joint damage in arthritic mice. A catalytically inactivating RPTPα-C469S mutation protected mice from arthritis and reduced SRC activation in synovial fibroblasts. We conclude that RPTPα clustering retains it to actin-rich structures to promote SRC-mediated fibroblast migration and can be modulated through the extracellular domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Sendo
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - William B. Kiosses
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Shen Yang
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Dennis J. Wu
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Daniel W. K. Lee
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Lin Liu
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Yael Aschner
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Allison J. Vela
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Gregory P. Downey
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Eugenio Santelli
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Department of Medicine, Kao Autoimmunity Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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6
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Wei Q, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang W, Yang X, Wei W. Extracellular matrix in synovium development, homeostasis and arthritis disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110453. [PMID: 37331300 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional network entity composed of extracellular macromolecules. ECM in synovium not only supports the structural integrity of synovium, but also plays a crucial role in regulating homeostasis and damage repair response in synovium. Obvious disorders in the composition, behavior and function of synovial ECM will lead to the occurrence and development of arthritis diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Based on the importance of synovial ECM, targeted regulation of the composition and structure of ECM is considered to be an effective measure for the treatment of arthritis disease. This paper reviews the current research status of synovial ECM biology, discusses the role and mechanism of synovial ECM in physiological status and arthritis disease, and summarizes the current strategies for targeting synovial ECM to provide information for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of arthritis disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xuemin Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Luping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wankang Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xuezhi Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
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Remodeling articular immune homeostasis with an efferocytosis-informed nanoimitator mitigates rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:817. [PMID: 36781864 PMCID: PMC9925448 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Massive intra-articular infiltration of proinflammatory macrophages is a prominent feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) lesions, which are thought to underlie articular immune dysfunction, severe synovitis and ultimately joint erosion. Here we report an efferocytosis-informed nanoimitator (EINI) for in situ targeted reprogramming of synovial inflammatory macrophages (SIMs) that thwarts their autoimmune attack and reestablishes articular immune homeostasis, which mitigates RA. The EINI consists of a drug-based core with an oxidative stress-responsive phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) corona and a shell composed of a P-selectin-blocking motif, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). When systemically administered, the LMWH on the EINI first binds to P-selectin overexpressed on the endothelium in subsynovial capillaries, which functions as an antagonist, disrupting neutrophil synovial trafficking. Due to the strong dysregulation of the synovial microvasculature, the EINI is subsequently enriched in the joint synovium where the shell is disassembled upon the reactive oxygen species stimulation, and PtdSer corona is then exposed. In an efferocytosis-like manner, the PtdSer-coroneted core is in turn phagocytosed by SIMs, which synergistically terminate SIM-initiated pathological cascades and serially reestablish intra-articular immune homeostasis, conferring a chondroprotective effect. These findings demonstrate that SIMs can be precisely remodeled via the efferocytosis-mimetic strategy, which holds potential for RA treatment.
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Targeting protein phosphatases in cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune disorders. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:273-294. [PMID: 36693907 PMCID: PMC9872771 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatases act as key regulators of multiple important cellular processes and are attractive therapeutic targets for various diseases. Although extensive effort has been dedicated to phosphatase-targeted drug discovery, early expeditions for competitive phosphatase inhibitors were plagued by druggability issues, leading to the stigmatization of phosphatases as difficult targets. Despite challenges, persistent efforts have led to the identification of several drug-like, non-competitive modulators of some of these enzymes - including SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase and protein phosphatase 1 - reigniting interest in therapeutic targeting of phosphatases. Here, we discuss recent progress in phosphatase drug discovery, with emphasis on the development of selective modulators that exhibit biological activity. The roles and regulation of protein phosphatases in immune cells and their potential as powerful targets for immuno-oncology and autoimmunity indications are assessed.
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Zhao J, Ye X, Zhang Z. Syndecan-4 is correlated with disease activity and serological characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. Adv Rheumatol 2022; 62:21. [DOI: 10.1186/s42358-022-00254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To describe the feature of expression of syndecan-4 in serum, synovial fluid (SF) and synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to analyze the correlation of syndecan-4 with disease activity and serological characteristic of RA.
Methods
Syndecan-4 in sera of 60 RA patients, 20 osteoarthritis (OA) patients, 20 healthy controls, and in SF of 25 RA patients and 25 OA patients were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay. The expressions of syndecan-4 in synovium of RA and OA patients were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of syndecan-4 on synovial fibroblasts from RA and OA patients were detected by immunofluorescence. The correlation between serum syndecan-4 concentration and disease activity were analyzed in RA patients.
Results
The serum syndedcan-4 concentration was significantly higher in RA patients than in OA patients and healthy controls, and was higher in rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive RA patients than in RF-negative ones. Syndecan-4 concentration in SF of RA patients was comparable with OA patients. Syndecan-4 expression in synovial tissue was similar between RA and OA patients. The syndecan-4 concentration was significantly lower in SF than in serum of RA and OA patients. Syndecan-4 concentration in both serum and SF was positively correlated with disease activity of RA patients.
Conclusion
The serum syndecan-4 concentration was higher in RA patients than in OA patients, and significantly higher in RF-positive RA patients than in RF-negative ones. Syndecan-4 concentration in both serum and SF was positively correlated with disease activity of RA patients.
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Rodríguez-Trillo A, Pena C, García S, Pérez-Pampín E, Rodríguez-López M, Mera-Varela A, González A, Conde C. ROCK inhibition with Y-27632 reduces joint inflammation and damage in serum-induced arthritis model and decreases in vitro osteoclastogenesis in patients with early arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:858069. [PMID: 36032152 PMCID: PMC9410766 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.858069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disease affecting primarily peripheral joints, which is only partially controlled with current treatments. RA leads to pain, disability, deformities, and life expectancy shortening. Its pathogenesis is complex involving multiple cell types and signaling pathways that we incompletely understand. One of the pathways we have elucidated starts with WNT5A signaling and contributes to the aggressive phenotype of the RA synoviocytes through RYK-RhoA/ROCK signaling. Now, we have explored the contribution of ROCK to arthritis in vivo, using the K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis model; and to osteoclastogenesis, using the arthritis model and cells from patients with inflammatory arthritis. The mice and cells were treated with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 that caused a significant improvement of arthritis and reduction of osteoclastogenesis. The improvement in mouse arthritis was observed in the clinical evaluation and, histologically, in synovial inflammation, cartilage damage, bone erosion, and the abundance of multinucleated TRAP+ cells. Expression of inflammatory mediators in the arthritic joints, as assessed by real-time PCR, was also significantly reduced. The effect on bone was confirmed with in vitro assays using bone marrow precursors of arthritic mice and peripheral blood monocytes of patients with inflammatory arthritis. These assays showed dramatically reduced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Overall, our findings suggest that ROCK inhibition could be part of a therapeutic strategy for RA by its dual action on inflammation and bone erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rodríguez-Trillo
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Pena
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Samuel García
- Laboratorio de Reumatología y Enfermedades Inmunomediadas (IRIDIS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - Eva Pérez-Pampín
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marina Rodríguez-López
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Mera-Varela
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio González
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Conde
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carmen Conde,
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Berillo O, Huo KG, Richer C, Fraulob-Aquino JC, Briet M, Lipman ML, Sinnett D, Paradis P, Schiffrin EL. Distinct transcriptomic profile of small arteries of hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease identified miR-338-3p targeting GPX3 and PTPRS. J Hypertens 2022; 40:1394-1405. [PMID: 35703228 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertension is associated with vascular injury, which contributes to end-organ damage. MicroRNAs regulating mRNAs have been shown to play a role in vascular injury in hypertensive mice. We aimed to identify differentially expressed microRNAs and their mRNA targets in small arteries of hypertensive patients with/without chronic kidney disease (CKD) to shed light on the pathophysiological molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS Normotensive individuals and hypertensive patients with/without CKD were recruited ( n = 15-16 per group). Differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs were identified uniquely associated with hypertension (microRNAs: 10, mRNAs: 68) or CKD (microRNAs: 68, mRNAs: 395), and in both groups (microRNAs: 2, mRNAs: 32) with a P less than 0.05 and a fold change less than or greater than 1.3 in subcutaneous small arteries ( n = 14-15). One of the top three differentially expressed microRNAs, miR-338-3p that was down-regulated in CKD, presented the best correlation between RNA sequencing and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR, R2 = 0.328, P < 0.001). Profiling of human aortic vascular cells showed that miR-338-3p was mostly expressed in endothelial cells. Two of the selected top nine up-regulated miR-338-3p predicted targets, glutathione peroxidase 3 ( GPX3 ) and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type S ( PTPRS ), were validated with mimics by RT-qPCR in human aortic endothelial cells ( P < 0.05) and by a luciferase assay in HEK293T cells ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A distinct transcriptomic profile was observed in gluteal subcutaneous small arteries of hypertensive patients with CKD. Down-regulated miR-338-3p could contribute to GPX3 and PTPRS up-regulation via the canonical microRNA targeting machinery in hypertensive patients with CKD. http://links.lww.com/HJH/C27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Berillo
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research
| | - Ku-Geng Huo
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research
| | - Chantal Richer
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine
| | | | - Marie Briet
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research
- INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6214, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mark L Lipman
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research
- Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Pierre Paradis
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research
| | - Ernesto L Schiffrin
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research
- Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University
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12
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Biological regulation on synovial fibroblast and the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by nobiletin-loaded tetrahedral framework nucleic acids cargo tank. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Hurysz B, Bottini N. Emerging proteoglycans and proteoglycan-targeted therapies in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C1061-C1067. [PMID: 35476502 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00086.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common auto-immune disease-causing inflammation of the joints and damage of the cartilage and bone. The pathogenesis of RA is characterized in many patients by the presence of antibodies against citrullinated proteins. In the joints, proteoglycans are key structural elements of extracellular matrix in the articular cartilage and synovium and are secreted as lubricants in the synovial fluid. Alterations of proteoglycans contribute to mechanism of disease in RA. Proteoglycans such as aggrecan can be citrullinated and become potential targets of the rheumatoid auto-immune response. Proteoglycans are also up-regulated in RA joints and/or undergo alterations of their regulatory functions over cytokines and chemokines, which promotes inflammation and bone damage. Recent studies have aimed to not only clarify these mechanisms but also develop novel proteoglycan-modulating therapeutics. These include agents altering the function and signaling of proteoglycans as well as tolerizing agents based on citrullinated aggrecan. This mini-review summarizes the most recent findings regarding the dysregulation of proteoglycans that contributes to RA pathogenesis and the potential for proteoglycan-modulating agents to improve RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Hurysz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
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14
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Chu CQ. Highlights of Strategies Targeting Fibroblasts for Novel Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:846300. [PMID: 35252279 PMCID: PMC8891528 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.846300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) play a critical role in perpetuation of chronic inflammation by interaction with immune and inflammatory cells and in cartilage and bone invasion, but current therapies for RA are not directly targeted fibroblasts. Selectively fibroblast targeted therapy has been hampered because of lack of fibroblast specific molecular signature. Recent advancement in technology enabled us to gain insightful information concerning RA synovial fibroblast subpopulations and functions. Exploring fibroblast targeted therapies have been focused on inducing cell death via fibroblast associated proteins; interrupting fibroblast binding to matrix protein; blocking intercellular signaling between fibroblasts and endothelial cells; inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and invasion; promoting cell apoptosis and inducing cellular senescence, and modulating fibroblast glucose metabolism. Translation into clinical studies of these fibroblast targeted strategies is required for evaluation for their clinical application, in particular for combination therapy with current immune component targeted therapies. Here, several strategies of fibroblast targeted therapy are highlighted.
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15
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José Alcaraz M. New potential therapeutic approaches targeting synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 194:114815. [PMID: 34715065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synovial cells play a key role in joint destruction during chronic inflammation. In particular, activated synovial fibroblasts (SFs) undergo intrinsic alterations leading to an aggressive phenotype mediating cartilage destruction and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent research has revealed a number of targets to control arthritogenic changes in SFs. Therefore, identification of SF phenotypes, control of epigenetic changes, modulation of cellular functions, or regulation of the activity of cation channels and different signaling pathways has been investigated. Although many of these approaches have shown efficacy in vitro and in animal models of RA, further research is needed to select the most relevant targets for drug development. This review is focused on the role of SFs as a potential strategy to discover novel therapeutic targets in RA aimed at preserving joint architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Alcaraz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, and Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Polytechnic University of Valencia, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
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16
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Shen C, Kuang Y, Xu S, Li R, Wang J, Zou Y, Wang C, Xu S, Liang L, Lin C, Xiao Y, Xu H. Nitidine chloride inhibits fibroblast like synoviocytes-mediated rheumatoid synovial inflammation and joint destruction by targeting KCNH1. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108273. [PMID: 34700130 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitidine chloride (NC), a natural small molecular compound from traditional Chinese herbal medicine zanthoxylum nitidum, has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor effect. However, its role in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unknown. Here, we investigate the effect of NC in controlling fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS)-mediated synovial inflammation and joint destruction in RA and further explore its underlying mechanism(s). METHODS FLSs were separated from synovial tissues obtained from patients with RA. Protein expression was analyzed by Western blot or immunohistochemistry. Gene expression was measured using quantitative RT-PCR. ELISA was used to measure the levels of cytokines and MMPs. Cell proliferation was detected using EdU incorporation. Migration and invasion were evaluated by Boyden chamber assay. RNA sequencing analysis was used to identify the target of NC. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was used to evaluate the in vivo effect of NC. RESULTS NC treatment reduced the proliferation, migration, invasion, and lamellipodia formation but not apoptosis of RA FLSs. We also demonstrated the inhibitory effect of NC on TNF-α-induced expression and secretion of IL-6, IL-8, CCL-2, MMP-1 and MMP-13. Furthermore, we identified KCNH1, a gene that encodes ether-à-go-go-1 channel, as a novel targeting gene of NC in RA FLSs. KCNH1 expression was increased in FLSs and synovial tissues from patients with RA compared to healthy controls. KCNH1 knockdown or NC treatment decreased the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of AKT. Interestingly, NC treatment ameliorated the severity of arthritis and reduced synovial KCNH1 expression in mice with CIA. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that NC treatment inhibits aggressive and inflammatory actions of RA FLSs by targeting KCNH1 and sequential inhibition of AKT phosphorylation. Our findings suggest that NC might control FLS-mediated rheumatoid synovial inflammation and joint destruction, and be a novel therapeutic agent for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyu Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Kuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shudi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiru Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaoyao Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siqi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changsong Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Syndecan-2 expression enriches for hematopoietic stem cells and regulates stem cell repopulating capacity. Blood 2021; 139:188-204. [PMID: 34767029 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020010447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of novel hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) surface markers can enhance understanding of HSC identity and function. We have discovered a population of primitive bone marrow (BM) HSCs distinguished by their expression of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, Syndecan-2, which serves as both a marker and regulator of HSC function. Syndecan-2 expression was increased 10-fold in CD150+CD48-CD34-c-Kit+Sca-1+Lineage- cells (long-term - HSCs, LT-HSCs) compared to differentiated hematopoietic cells. Isolation of BM cells based solely on Syndecan-2 surface expression produced a 24-fold enrichment for LT-HSCs, 6-fold enrichment for alpha-catulin+c-kit+ HSCs, and yielded HSCs with superior in vivo repopulating capacity compared to CD150+ cells. Competitive repopulation assays revealed the HSC frequency to be 17-fold higher in Syndecan-2+CD34-KSL cells compared to Syndecan-2-CD34-KSL cells and indistinguishable from CD150+CD34-KSL cells. Syndecan-2 expression also identified nearly all repopulating HSCs within the CD150+CD34-KSL population. Mechanistically, Syndecan-2 regulates HSC repopulating capacity through control of expression of Cdkn1c (p57) and HSC quiescence. Loss of Syndecan-2 expression caused increased HSC cell cycle entry, downregulation of Cdkn1c and loss of HSC long-term - repopulating capacity. Syndecan-2 is a novel marker of HSCs which regulates HSC repopulating capacity via control of HSC quiescence.
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18
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Noborn F, Nikpour M, Persson A, Nilsson J, Larson G. Expanding the Chondroitin Sulfate Glycoproteome - But How Far? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:695970. [PMID: 34490248 PMCID: PMC8418075 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.695970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are found at cell surfaces and in connective tissues, where they interact with a multitude of proteins involved in various pathophysiological processes. From a methodological perspective, the identification of CSPGs is challenging, as the identification requires the combined sequencing of specific core proteins, together with the characterization of the CS polysaccharide modification(s). According to the current notion of CSPGs, they are often considered in relation to a functional role in which a given proteoglycan regulates a specific function in cellular physiology. Recent advances in glycoproteomic methods have, however, enabled the identification of numerous novel chondroitin sulfate core proteins, and their glycosaminoglycan attachment sites, in humans and in various animal models. In addition, these methods have revealed unexpected structural complexity even in the linkage regions. These findings indicate that the number and structural complexity of CSPGs are much greater than previously perceived. In light of these findings, the prospect of finding additional CSPGs, using improved methods for structural and functional characterizations, and studying novel sample matrices in humans and in animal models is discussed. Further, as many of the novel CSPGs are found in low abundance and with not yet assigned functions, these findings may challenge the traditional notion of defining proteoglycans. Therefore, the concept of proteoglycans is considered, discussing whether "a proteoglycan" should be defined mainly on the basis of an assigned function or on the structural evidence of its existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Noborn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mahnaz Nikpour
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrea Persson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Larson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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De Rossi G, Vähätupa M, Cristante E, Arokiasamy S, Liyanage SE, May U, Pellinen L, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Bainbridge JW, Järvinen TA, Whiteford JR. Pathological Angiogenesis Requires Syndecan-4 for Efficient VEGFA-Induced VE-Cadherin Internalization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1374-1389. [PMID: 33596666 PMCID: PMC7613699 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia De Rossi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Department of Cell Biology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Enrico Cristante
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Genetics department, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Samantha Arokiasamy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sidath E. Liyanage
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Genetics department, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ulrike May
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Pellinen
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - James W. Bainbridge
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Genetics department, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Tero A.H. Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - James R. Whiteford
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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20
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Termini CM, Pang A, Batton DM, Chute JP. Proteoglycans regulate protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor σ organization on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Exp Hematol 2021; 96:44-51. [PMID: 33515635 PMCID: PMC10838547 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor σ (PTPσ) is highly expressed by murine and human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and negatively regulates HSC self-renewal and regeneration. Previous studies of the nervous system suggest that heparan sulfate proteoglycans can inactivate PTPσ by clustering PTPσ receptors on neurons, but this finding has yet to be visually verified with adequate resolution. Here, we sought to visualize and quantify how heparan sulfate proteoglycans regulate the organization and activation of PTPσ in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Our study illustrates that syndecan-2 promotes PTPσ clustering, which sustains phospho-tyrosine and phospho-ezrin levels in association with augmentation of hematopoietic colony formation. Strategies that promote clustering of PTPσ on HSPCs may serve to powerfully augment hematopoietic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Termini
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Amara Pang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Destiny M Batton
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - John P Chute
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
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21
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Ito S, Ozaki T, Morozumi M, Imagama S, Kadomatsu K, Sakamoto K. Enoxaparin promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by antagonizing PTPRσ. Exp Neurol 2021; 340:113679. [PMID: 33662380 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma (PTPRσ) regulates axonal regeneration/sprouting as a molecular switch in response to glycan ligands. Cell surface heparan sulfate oligomerizes PTPRσ and inactivates its enzymatic activity, which in turn promotes axonal growth. In contrast, matrix-associated chondroitin sulfate monomerizes PTPRσ and activates it. This leads to dephosphorylation of its specific substrates, such as cortactin, resulting in a failure of axonal regeneration after injury. However, this molecular switch model has never been challenged in a clinical situation. In this study, we demonstrated that enoxaparin, a globally approved anticoagulant consisting of heparin oligosaccharides with an average molecular weight of 45 kDa, induced clustering and inactivated PTPRσ in vitro. Enoxaparin induced PTPRσ clustering, and counteracted PTPRσ-mediated dephosphorylation of cortactin, which was shown to be important for inhibition of axonal regeneration. Systemic administration of enoxaparin promoted anatomical recovery after both optic nerve and spinal cord injuries in rats at clinically tolerated doses. Moreover, enoxaparin promoted recovery of motor function without obvious hemorrhage. Collectively, our data provide a new strategy for the treatment of traumatic axonal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadayuki Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ozaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Morozumi
- Departments of Orthopedics, Kariya Toyota General Hospital, 15-5 Sumiyoshi-cho, Kariya, 448-8505, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Kazuma Sakamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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22
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Gopal S, Arokiasamy S, Pataki C, Whiteford JR, Couchman JR. Syndecan receptors: pericellular regulators in development and inflammatory disease. Open Biol 2021; 11:200377. [PMID: 33561383 PMCID: PMC8061687 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The syndecans are the major family of transmembrane proteoglycans, usually bearing multiple heparan sulfate chains. They are present on virtually all nucleated cells of vertebrates and are also present in invertebrates, indicative of a long evolutionary history. Genetic models in both vertebrates and invertebrates have shown that syndecans link to the actin cytoskeleton and can fine-tune cell adhesion, migration, junction formation, polarity and differentiation. Although often associated as co-receptors with other classes of receptors (e.g. integrins, growth factor and morphogen receptors), syndecans can nonetheless signal to the cytoplasm in discrete ways. Syndecan expression levels are upregulated in development, tissue repair and an array of human diseases, which has led to the increased appreciation that they may be important in pathogenesis not only as diagnostic or prognostic agents, but also as potential targets. Here, their functions in development and inflammatory diseases are summarized, including their potential roles as conduits for viral pathogen entry into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Gopal
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Samantha Arokiasamy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Csilla Pataki
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Biocentre 1.3.16, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - James R. Whiteford
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John R. Couchman
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Biocentre 1.3.16, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Oleanolic Acid Decreases IL-1 β-Induced Activation of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes via the SIRT3-NF- κB Axis in Osteoarthritis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7517219. [PMID: 33062145 PMCID: PMC7542488 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7517219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synovial inflammation is a major pathological feature of osteoarthritis (OA), which is a chronic degenerative joint disease. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), localized in the synovial membrane, are specialized secretory cells. During OA synovitis, FLS produce chemokines and cytokines that stimulate chondrocytes to secrete inflammatory cytokines and activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in FLS. Recent studies have demonstrated that sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) performs as a key regulator in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in OA. This study aims at ascertaining whether SIRT3 is involved in OA synovitis. The overexpression (OE) and knockdown (KD) of SIRT3 are established by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and recombinant plasmid in human FLS. The anti-inflammatory effect of SIRT3 underlying in oleanolic acid- (OLA-) prevented interleukin-1β- (IL-1β-) induced FLS dysfunction is then evaluated in vitro. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms of SIRT3 are assessed, and the interaction between SIRT3 and NF-κB is investigated. The data suggested that SIRT3 can be detected in human synovial tissues during OA, and OLA could elevate SIRT3 expression. OE-SIRT3 and OLA exhibited equal authenticity to repress inflammation and reverse oxidative stress changes in IL-1β-induced human FLS dysfunction. KD-SIRT3 was found to exacerbate inflammation and oxidative stress changes in human FLS. Furthermore, it was found that SIRT3 could directly bind with NF-κB, resulting in the suppression of NF-κB activation induced by IL-1β in human FLS, which then repressed synovial inflammation in OA. In general, the activation of SIRT3 by OLA inhibited synovial inflammation by suppressing the NF-κB signal pathway in FLS, and this suggested that SIRT3 is a potential target for OA synovitis therapy.
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Sami A, Selzer ME, Li S. Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:174. [PMID: 32714150 PMCID: PMC7346763 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Axon growth inhibitors generated by reactive glial scars play an important role in failure of axon regeneration after CNS injury in mature mammals. Among the inhibitory factors, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are potent suppressors of axon regeneration and are important molecular targets for designing effective therapies for traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury (SCI). CSPGs bind with high affinity to several transmembrane receptors, including two members of the leukocyte common antigen related (LAR) subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs). Recent studies demonstrate that multiple intracellular signaling pathways downstream of these two RPTPs mediate the growth-inhibitory actions of CSPGs. A better understanding of these signaling pathways may facilitate development of new and effective therapies for CNS disorders characterized by axonal disconnections. This review will focus on recent advances in the downstream signaling pathways of scar-mediated inhibition and their potential as the molecular targets for CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Sami
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael E Selzer
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shuxin Li
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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25
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Svensson MND, Zoccheddu M, Yang S, Nygaard G, Secchi C, Doody KM, Slowikowski K, Mizoguchi F, Humby F, Hands R, Santelli E, Sacchetti C, Wakabayashi K, Wu DJ, Barback C, Ai R, Wang W, Sims GP, Mydel P, Kasama T, Boyle DL, Galimi F, Vera D, Tremblay ML, Raychaudhuri S, Brenner MB, Firestein GS, Pitzalis C, Ekwall AKH, Stanford SM, Bottini N. Synoviocyte-targeted therapy synergizes with TNF inhibition in arthritis reversal. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba4353. [PMID: 32637608 PMCID: PMC7319753 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba4353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are joint-lining cells that promote rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathology. Current disease-modifying antirheumatic agents (DMARDs) operate through systemic immunosuppression. FLS-targeted approaches could potentially be combined with DMARDs to improve control of RA without increasing immunosuppression. Here, we assessed the potential of immunoglobulin-like domains 1 and 2 (Ig1&2), a decoy protein that activates the receptor tyrosine phosphatase sigma (PTPRS) on FLS, for RA therapy. We report that PTPRS expression is enriched in synovial lining RA FLS and that Ig1&2 reduces migration of RA but not osteoarthritis FLS. Administration of an Fc-fusion Ig1&2 attenuated arthritis in mice without affecting innate or adaptive immunity. Furthermore, PTPRS was down-regulated in FLS by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mediated pathway, and TNF inhibition enhanced PTPRS expression in arthritic joints. Combination of ineffective doses of TNF inhibitor and Fc-Ig1&2 reversed arthritis in mice, providing an example of synergy between FLS-targeted and immunosuppressive DMARD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias N. D. Svensson
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Martina Zoccheddu
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shen Yang
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gyrid Nygaard
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christian Secchi
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, University of Sassari Medical School, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Karen M. Doody
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kamil Slowikowski
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Technical Institute and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Fumitaka Mizoguchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Frances Humby
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, John Vane Science Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rebecca Hands
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, John Vane Science Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Eugenio Santelli
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cristiano Sacchetti
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kuninobu Wakabayashi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Dennis J. Wu
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher Barback
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- UCSD Molecular Imaging Program, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rizi Ai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gary P. Sims
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Piotr Mydel
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, The Laboratory Building, 5th Floor, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tsuyoshi Kasama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - David L. Boyle
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Francesco Galimi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, University of Sassari Medical School, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - David Vera
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- UCSD Molecular Imaging Program, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Technical Institute and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm S-171 76, Sweden
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael B. Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gary S. Firestein
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, John Vane Science Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anna-Karin H. Ekwall
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephanie M. Stanford
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Nygaard G, Firestein GS. Restoring synovial homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis by targeting fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:316-333. [PMID: 32393826 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that primarily affects the synovium of diarthrodial joints. During the course of RA, the synovium transforms into a hyperplastic invasive tissue that causes destruction of cartilage and bone. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), which form the lining of the joint, are epigenetically imprinted with an aggressive phenotype in RA and have an important role in these pathological processes. In addition to producing the extracellular matrix and joint lubricants, FLS in RA produce pathogenic mediators such as cytokines and proteases that contribute to disease pathogenesis and perpetuation. The development of multi-omics integrative analyses have enabled new ways to dissect the mechanisms that imprint FLS, have helped to identify potential FLS subsets with distinct functions and have identified differences in FLS phenotypes between joints in individual patients. This Review provides an overview of advances in understanding of FLS biology and highlights omics approaches and studies that hold promise for identifying future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyrid Nygaard
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
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27
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Pap T, Dankbar B, Wehmeyer C, Korb-Pap A, Sherwood J. Synovial fibroblasts and articular tissue remodelling: Role and mechanisms. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 101:140-145. [PMID: 31956018 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synovial joints are unique functional elements of the body and provide the ability for locomotion and for physical interaction with the environment. They are composed of different connective tissue structures, of which the synovial membrane is one central component. It shows a number of peculiarities that makes it different from other membranes in our body, while several lines of evidence suggest that synovial fibroblasts, also termed fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) critically contribute to these peculiarities. This becomes evident particularly under disease conditions such as in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, where the synovium is a key pathophysiological component. Therefore, an in-depth knowledge of FLS biology is not only important for understanding key features of articular function but also provides explanations for important characteristics of both degenerative and inflammatory joint diseases. This article reviews the structure, biochemical composition and functions of the synovial membrane and by focusing on the role of synovial fibroblasts explains key features of articular tissue remodelling particularly under disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), Westfalian Wilhelms-University Münster, Germany.
| | - Berno Dankbar
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), Westfalian Wilhelms-University Münster, Germany
| | - Corinna Wehmeyer
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), Westfalian Wilhelms-University Münster, Germany
| | - Adelheid Korb-Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), Westfalian Wilhelms-University Münster, Germany
| | - Joanna Sherwood
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), Westfalian Wilhelms-University Münster, Germany
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28
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Guo JY, Chiu CH, Wang MJ, Li FA, Chen JY. Proteoglycan serglycin promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell migration through the interaction of its glycosaminoglycans with CD44. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:2. [PMID: 31898491 PMCID: PMC6939340 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serglycin (SRGN), previously recognized as an intracellular proteoglycan involved in the storage processes of secretory granules, has recently been shown to be upregulated in several solid tumors. We have previously shown that SRGN in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) promotes malignant phenotypes in a CD44-dependent manner and increased expression of SRGN predicts poor prognosis of primary lung adenocarcinomas. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be defined. Methods Overexpression, knockdown and knockout approaches were performed to assess the role of SRGN in cell motility using wound healing and Boyden chamber migration assays. SRGN devoid of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) modification was produced by site-directed mutagenesis or chondroitinase treatment. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was applied for quantitative analysis of the disaccharide compositions and sulfation extent of SRGN GAGs. Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation analyses were performed to determine the expression and interaction of proteins of interest. Actin cytoskeleton organization was monitored by immunofluorescence staining. Results SRGN expressed by NSCLC cells is readily secreted to the extracellular matrix in a heavily glycosylated form attached with mainly chondroitin sulfate (CS)-GAG chains, and to a lesser extent with heparin sulfate (HS). The CS-GAG moiety serves as the structural motif for SRGN binding to tumor cell surface CD44 and promotes cell migration. SRGN devoid of CS-GAG modification fails to interact with CD44 and has lost the ability to promote cell migration. SRGN/CD44 interaction promotes focal adhesion turnover via Src-mediated paxillin phosphorylation and disassembly of paxillin/FAK adhesion complex, facilitating cell migration. In support, depletion of Src activity or removal of CS-GAGs efficiently blocks SRGN-mediated Src activation and cell migration. SRGN also promotes cell migration via inducing cytoskeleton reorganization mediated through RAC1 and CDC42 activation accompanied with increased lamellipodia and filopodia formation. Conclusions Proteoglycan SRGN promotes NSCLC cell migration via the binding of its GAG motif to CD44. SRGN/CD44 interaction induces Rho-family GTPase-mediated cytoskeleton reorganization and facilitates Src-mediated focal adhesion turnover, leading to increased cell migration. These findings suggest that targeting specific glycans in tumor microenvironment that serve as ligands for oncogenic pathways may be a potential strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-You Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Hsuan Chiu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jung Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Fu-An Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Jeou-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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29
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Bottini A, Wu DJ, Ai R, Le Roux M, Bartok B, Bombardieri M, Doody KM, Zhang V, Sacchetti C, Zoccheddu M, Lonic A, Li X, Boyle DL, Hammaker D, Meng TC, Liu L, Corr M, Stanford SM, Lewis M, Wang W, Firestein GS, Khew-Goodall Y, Pitzalis C, Bottini N. PTPN14 phosphatase and YAP promote TGFβ signalling in rheumatoid synoviocytes. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:600-609. [PMID: 30808624 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to understand the role of the tyrosine phosphatase PTPN14-which in cancer cells modulates the Hippo pathway by retaining YAP in the cytosol-in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Gene/protein expression levels were measured by quantitative PCR and/or Western blotting. Gene knockdown in RA FLS was achieved using antisense oligonucleotides. The interaction between PTPN14 and YAP was assessed by immunoprecipitation. The cellular localisation of YAP and SMAD3 was examined via immunofluorescence. SMAD reporter studies were carried out in HEK293T cells. The RA FLS/cartilage coimplantation and passive K/BxN models were used to examine the role of YAP in arthritis. RESULTS RA FLS displayed overexpression of PTPN14 when compared with FLS from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). PTPN14 knockdown in RA FLS impaired TGFβ-dependent expression of MMP13 and potentiation of TNF signalling. In RA FLS, PTPN14 formed a complex with YAP. Expression of PTPN14 or nuclear YAP-but not of a non-YAP-interacting PTPN14 mutant-enhanced SMAD reporter activity. YAP promoted TGFβ-dependent SMAD3 nuclear localisation in RA FLS. Differences in epigenetic marks within Hippo pathway genes, including YAP, were found between RA FLS and OA FLS. Inhibition of YAP reduced RA FLS pathogenic behaviour and ameliorated arthritis severity. CONCLUSION In RA FLS, PTPN14 and YAP promote nuclear localisation of SMAD3. YAP enhances a range of RA FLS pathogenic behaviours which, together with epigenetic evidence, points to the Hippo pathway as an important regulator of RA FLS behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Bottini
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dennis J Wu
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rizi Ai
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Le Roux
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Beatrix Bartok
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Karen M Doody
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vida Zhang
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cristiano Sacchetti
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martina Zoccheddu
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ana Lonic
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David L Boyle
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Deepa Hammaker
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tzu-Ching Meng
- Institute for Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin Liu
- Dept. of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maripat Corr
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephanie M Stanford
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Myles Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Wei Wang
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yeesim Khew-Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA .,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Shalev M, Elson A. The roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases in bone-resorbing osteoclasts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:114-123. [PMID: 30026076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the proper balance between osteoblast-mediated production of bone and its degradation by osteoclasts is essential for health. Osteoclasts are giant phagocytic cells that are formed by fusion of monocyte-macrophage precursor cells; mature osteoclasts adhere to bone tightly and secrete protons and proteases that degrade its matrix. Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins, which is regulated by the biochemically-antagonistic activities of protein tyrosine kinases and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), is central in regulating the production of osteoclasts and their bone-resorbing activity. Here we review the roles of individual PTPs of the classical and dual-specificity sub-families that are known to support these processes (SHP2, cyt-PTPe, PTPRO, PTP-PEST, CD45) or to inhibit them (SHP1, PTEN, MKP1). Characterizing the functions of PTPs in osteoclasts is essential for complete molecular level understanding of bone resorption and for designing novel therapeutic approaches for treating bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Shalev
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ari Elson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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31
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Jeon MG, Cheon YH, Lim HS, Yi SM, Suh YS, Kim HO, Hah YS, Park KH, Noh HS, Lee SI. Suppressive Effects of TSAHC in an Experimental Mouse Model and Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2018; 40:1825-1835. [PMID: 28819701 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of TSAHC [4'-(p-toluenesulfonylamido)-4-hydroxychalcone] in K/BxN serum transfer arthritis model and fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS). In in vivo experiments, TSAHC attenuated the incidence and severity of arthritis in comparison with the vehicle group. Histological findings showed that TSAHC decreased the inflammation, bone erosion, cartilage damage, and osteoclasts activity in the ankle. Furthermore, we confirmed by biochemical analysis that the observations were associated with the decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and RANKL in serum and ankle. In in vitro experiments, TSAHC induced apoptosis, while it significantly suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cell proliferation in RA-FLS. Moreover, TSAHC inhibited mRNA expression of TNF-α-induced interleukin (IL)-6, MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13. Evaluation of signaling events showed that TSAHC inhibited the translocation and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) by regulating phosphorylated-IκB-α (p-IκB-α) and IκB-α in TNF-α-induced RA-FLS. Our results suggest that TSAHC inhibits experimental arthritis in mice and suppresses TNF-α-induced RA-FLS activities via NF-κB pathway. Therefore, TSAHC may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Gyu Jeon
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hong Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Song Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Yi
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sool Hah
- Clinical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University Jinju, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Sook Noh
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Katagiri Y, Morgan AA, Yu P, Bangayan NJ, Junka R, Geller HM. Identification of novel binding sites for heparin in receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase (RPTPσ): Implications for proteoglycan signaling. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11639-11647. [PMID: 29880643 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase RPTPσ has important functions in modulating neural development and regeneration. Compelling evidence suggests that both heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) bind to a series of Lys residues located in the first Ig domain of RPTPσ. However, HS promotes and CS inhibits axonal growth. Mutation of these Lys residues abolished binding and signal transduction of RPTPσ to CS, whereas HS binding was reduced, and signaling persisted. This activity was mediated through novel heparin-binding sites identified in the juxtamembrane region. Although different functional outcomes of HS and CS have been previously attributed to the differential oligomeric state of RPTPσ upon GAG binding, we found that RPTPσ was clustered by both heparin and CS GAG rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharide units. We propose an additional mechanism by which RPTPσ distinguishes between HS and CS through these novel binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Katagiri
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
| | - Ashlea A Morgan
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Panpan Yu
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Nathanael J Bangayan
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Radoslaw Junka
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Herbert M Geller
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Agere SA, Kim EY, Akhtar N, Ahmed S. Syndecans in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases: Pathological insights and therapeutic opportunities. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6346-6358. [PMID: 29226950 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Syndecans (SDCs) are a family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) glycoproteins ubiquitously expressed on the cell surfaces and extracellular matrix of all mammalian tissues. There are four mammalian syndecans, SDC-1 thorough 4, which play a critical role in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis through independent and growth factor mediated signaling. An altered expression of SDCs is often observed in autoimmune disorders, cancer, HIV infection, and many other pathological conditions. SDCs modulate disease progression by interacting with a diverse array of ligands, receptors, and other proteins, including extracellular matrix, glycoproteins, integrins, morphogens, and various growth factors and chemokines, along with their receptors and kinases. Specifically, SDCs present on cell surface can bind directly to chemokines to enhance their binding to receptors, downstream signaling, and migration. Alternatively, SDCs can be cleaved and shed to mediate negative regulation of chemokine and growth factor signaling pathways and ligand sequestration. Importantly, SDC shedding may be a biomarker of inflammation, especially in chronic inflammatory diseases. While the current therapies for cancer and several autoimmune disorders have revolutionized treatment outcomes, understanding the pathophysiological role of SDCs and the use of HSPG mimetic or antagonists on cytokine signaling networks may uncover potentially novel targeted therapeutic approaches. This review mainly summarizes the current findings on the role of individual SDCs in disease processes, mechanisms through which SDCs mediate their biological functions, and the possibility of targeting SDCs as future potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon A Agere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington
| | - Eugene Y Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington.,Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
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Targeting Receptor-Type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases with Biotherapeutics: Is Outside-in Better than Inside-Out? Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030569. [PMID: 29498714 PMCID: PMC6017057 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), of the receptor and non-receptor classes, are key signaling molecules that play critical roles in cellular regulation underlying diverse physiological events. Aberrant signaling as a result of genetic mutation or altered expression levels has been associated with several diseases and treatment via pharmacological intervention at the level of PTPs has been widely explored; however, the challenges associated with development of small molecule phosphatase inhibitors targeting the intracellular phosphatase domain (the “inside-out” approach) have been well documented and as yet there are no clinically approved drugs targeting these enzymes. The alternative approach of targeting receptor PTPs with biotherapeutic agents (such as monoclonal antibodies or engineered fusion proteins; the “outside-in” approach) that interact with the extracellular ectodomain offers many advantages, and there have been a number of exciting recent developments in this field. Here we provide a brief overview of the receptor PTP family and an update on the emerging area of receptor PTP-targeted biotherapeutics for CD148, vascular endothelial-protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP), receptor-type PTPs σ, γ, ζ (RPTPσ, RPTPγ, RPTPζ) and CD45, and discussion of future potential in this area.
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35
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Hendriks W, Bourgonje A, Leenders W, Pulido R. Proteinaceous Regulators and Inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020395. [PMID: 29439552 PMCID: PMC6016963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper control of the phosphotyrosine content in signal transduction proteins is essential for normal cell behavior and is lost in many pathologies. Attempts to normalize aberrant tyrosine phosphorylation levels in disease states currently involve either the application of small compounds that inhibit tyrosine kinases (TKs) or the addition of growth factors or their mimetics to boost receptor-type TK activity. Therapies that target the TK enzymatic counterparts, the multi-enzyme family of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), are still lacking despite their undisputed involvement in human diseases. Efforts to pharmacologically modulate PTP activity have been frustrated by the conserved structure of the PTP catalytic core, providing a daunting problem with respect to target specificity. Over the years, however, many different protein interaction-based regulatory mechanisms that control PTP activity have been uncovered, providing alternative possibilities to control PTPs individually. Here, we review these regulatory principles, discuss existing biologics and proteinaceous compounds that affect PTP activity, and mention future opportunities to drug PTPs via these regulatory concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiljan Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Annika Bourgonje
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - William Leenders
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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36
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Ohtake Y, Kong W, Hussain R, Horiuchi M, Tremblay ML, Ganea D, Li S. Protein tyrosine phosphatase σ regulates autoimmune encephalomyelitis development. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 65:111-124. [PMID: 28559011 PMCID: PMC6275552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play essential roles in regulating signaling events in multiple cells by tyrosine dephosphorylation. One of them, PTPσ, appears important in regulating function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). Here we report that PTPσ deletion in knockout mice and inhibition with a selective antagonist peptide exacerbated symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by enhancing axon and myelin damage in the spinal cord. PTPσ-/- mice displayed pro-inflammatory profiles in the spinal cord and lymphoid organs following MOG peptide immunization. PTPσ deletion promoted a pro-inflammatory phenotype in conventional DCs and directly regulated differentiation of CD4+ T cells. It also facilitated infiltration of T lymphocytes, activation of macrophages in the CNS and development of EAE. Therefore, PTPσ is a key negative regulator in EAE initiation and progression, which acts by regulating functions of DCs, T cells, and other immune cells. PTPσ may become an important molecular target for treating autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ohtake
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Rashad Hussain
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Makoto Horiuchi
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- Goodman Cancer Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 1160 Pine Ave., Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Doina Ganea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shuxin Li
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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37
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Stanford SM, Bottini N. Targeting Tyrosine Phosphatases: Time to End the Stigma. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:524-540. [PMID: 28412041 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a family of enzymes essential for numerous cellular processes, and several PTPs have been validated as therapeutic targets for human diseases. Historically, the development of drugs targeting PTPs has been highly challenging, leading to stigmatization of these enzymes as undruggable targets. Despite these difficulties, efforts to drug PTPs have persisted, and recent years have seen an influx of new probes providing opportunities for biological examination of old and new PTP targets. Here we discuss progress towards drugging PTPs with special emphasis on the development of selective probes with biological activity. We describe the development of new small-molecule orthosteric, allosteric, and oligomerization-inhibiting PTP inhibitors and discuss new studies targeting the receptor PTP (RPTP) subfamily with biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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38
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Beyond pan-B-cell-directed therapy - new avenues and insights into the pathogenesis of SLE. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:645-657. [PMID: 27733759 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New insights into the mechanisms of autoimmune diseases have been obtained not only from preclinical studies, but also from clinical trials of pan-B-cell-directed therapy. Overall, the results of these clinical trials suggest that more-specific approaches focusing on pathogenic B-cell functions, and perhaps sparing or even enhancing regulatory B-cell activity, might be attractive alternatives. Importantly, pathogenic B-cell subpopulations function within a network of cellular interactions, many of which might require additional interventions to restore immunologic balance and suppress autoimmune disease. Thus, approaches that simultaneously target innate immune cells as well as multiple nodes of T-cell and B-cell interactions might hold the promise of improved therapeutic efficacy. Interfering with B-cell intracellular signalling pathways, altering their intracellular metabolic pathways and perturbing transcription factors are additional options. This Review critically analyses these approaches, examines the role of cytokines and other functions of B-lineage cells separate from antibody secretion, and provides insights into the potential next generation of therapies targeting B-lineage cells.
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39
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Site-specific identification of heparan and chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans in hybrid proteoglycans. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34537. [PMID: 27694851 PMCID: PMC5046109 DOI: 10.1038/srep34537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are complex polysaccharides that regulate important biological pathways in virtually all metazoan organisms. The polysaccharides often display opposite effects on cell functions with HS and CS structural motifs presenting unique binding sites for specific ligands. Still, the mechanisms by which glycan biosynthesis generates complex HS and CS polysaccharides required for the regulation of mammalian physiology remain elusive. Here we present a glycoproteomic approach that identifies and differentiates between HS and CS attachment sites and provides identity to the core proteins. Glycopeptides were prepared from perlecan, a complex proteoglycan known to be substituted with both HS and CS chains, further digested with heparinase or chondroitinase ABC to reduce the HS and CS chain lengths respectively, and thereafter analyzed by nLC-MS/MS. This protocol enabled the identification of three consensus HS sites and one hybrid site, carrying either a HS or a CS chain. Inspection of the amino acid sequence at the hybrid attachment locus indicates that certain peptide motifs may encode for the chain type selection process. This analytical approach will become useful when addressing fundamental questions in basic biology specifically in elucidating the functional roles of site-specific glycosylations of proteoglycans.
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40
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Maeshima K, Stanford SM, Hammaker D, Sacchetti C, Zeng LF, Ai R, Zhang V, Boyle DL, Aleman Muench GR, Feng GS, Whitaker JW, Zhang ZY, Wang W, Bottini N, Firestein GS. Abnormal PTPN11 enhancer methylation promotes rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte aggressiveness and joint inflammation. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 27275015 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The PTPN11 gene, encoding the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) compared with osteoarthritis (OA) FLS and promotes RA FLS invasiveness. Here, we explored the molecular basis for PTPN11 overexpression in RA FLS and the role of SHP-2 in RA pathogenesis. Using computational methods, we identified a putative enhancer in PTPN11 intron 1, which contained a glucocorticoid receptor- binding (GR-binding) motif. This region displayed enhancer function in RA FLS and contained 2 hypermethylation sites in RA compared with OA FLS. RA FLS stimulation with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone induced GR binding to the enhancer and PTPN11 expression. Glucocorticoid responsiveness of PTPN11 was significantly higher in RA FLS than OA FLS and required the differentially methylated CpGs for full enhancer function. SHP-2 expression was enriched in the RA synovial lining, and heterozygous Ptpn11 deletion in radioresistant or innate immune cells attenuated K/BxN serum transfer arthritis in mice. Treatment with SHP-2 inhibitor 11a-1 reduced RA FLS migration and responsiveness to TNF and IL-1β stimulation and reduced arthritis severity in mice. Our findings demonstrate how abnormal epigenetic regulation of a pathogenic gene determines FLS behavior and demonstrate that targeting SHP-2 or the SHP-2 pathway could be a therapeutic strategy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Maeshima
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephanie M Stanford
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Deepa Hammaker
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cristiano Sacchetti
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Li-Fan Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rizi Ai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Vida Zhang
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David L Boyle
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - German R Aleman Muench
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gen-Sheng Feng
- Department of Pathology and Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John W Whitaker
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals Companies of Johnson and Johnson, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA.; Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
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Bhattaram P, Chandrasekharan U. The joint synovium: A critical determinant of articular cartilage fate in inflammatory joint diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 62:86-93. [PMID: 27212252 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The synovium constitutes the envelope of articular joints and is a critical provider of synovial fluid components and articular cartilage nutrients. Its inflammation is a predominant feature and cause of joint degeneration in diseases as diverse as rheumatoid, psoriatic, juvenile and idiopathic arthritis, and lupus, gout and lyme disease. These inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs) are due to a wide variety of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors that trigger, promote, and perpetuate joint destabilization. In spite of this variety of causes, IJDs share main pathological features, namely inflammation of the joint synovium (synovitis) and progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. In addition to being a driving force behind the destruction of articular cartilage in IJD, synovitis is also increasingly being recognized as a significant contributor of articular cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis, a disease primarily due to aging- or trauma-related wear and tear of cartilage surfaces. In view of this important role of the synovium in determining the fate of articular cartilage, this review focuses on its underlying mechanisms in the pathology of IJD. We address the roles of synovial fibroblasts, macrophages and endothelial cells in the maintenance of joint health and in the destruction of articular cartilage integrity during IJD. Molecular mechanisms that have been recently shown to govern the pathological activities of the resident synovial cells are highlighted. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of targeting these new molecular mechanisms for preventing cartilage degeneration due to chronic inflammation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Bhattaram
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC-10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Unnikrishnan Chandrasekharan
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC-10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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42
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Novel Immunotherapeutic Avenues for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:214-229. [PMID: 26875450 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease. It leads to irreversible joint damage, physical handicap, and reduced life expectancy. The past two decades have seen considerable therapeutic advances with the development of biologic treatments to block proinflammatory cytokines or modulate lymphocyte function, followed by the development of small molecules to target intracellular signaling. Nevertheless, only a minority of patients can achieve disease remission, especially long term, warranting further investigation into newer therapeutic options. Targeting single proinflammatory pathways may not be sufficient, as suggested by variable results with T helper (Th)-17-related cytokine blockade. Multilevel information from 'omics' techniques along with data from mechanistic studies might facilitate the identification of pivotal checkpoints in RA disease pathogenesis and the subsequent development of new effective treatments.
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