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Okpala OE, Rondevaldova J, Osei-Owusu H, Kudera T, Kokoskova T, Kokoska L. Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to Anti-Inflammatory Drugs with a Focus on the Combinatory Effect of Celecoxib with Oxacillin In Vitro. Molecules 2024; 29:3665. [PMID: 39125072 PMCID: PMC11314137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal infections (MIs) are among the most difficult-to-treat staphylococcal diseases due to antibiotic resistance. This has encouraged the development of innovative strategies, such as combination therapy, to combat MI. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antistaphylococcal activity of anti-inflammatory drugs and the combined antimicrobial effect of celecoxib and oxacillin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 17 anti-inflammatory drugs against standard strains and clinical isolates of S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains (MRSAs), were determined using the broth microdilution method. The fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) were evaluated using checkerboard assays. Celecoxib produced the most potent antistaphylococcal effect against all tested strains (MICs ranging from 32 to 64 mg/L), followed by that of diacerein against MRSA3 and MRSA ATCC 33592 (MIC 64 mg/L). Several synergistic effects were observed against the tested S. aureus strains, including MRSA (FICI ranging from 0.087 to 0.471). The strongest synergistic interaction (FICI 0.087) was against MRSA ATCC 33592 at a celecoxib concentration of 2 mg/L, with a 19-fold oxacillin MIC reduction (from 512 to 26.888 mg/L). This is the first report on the combined antistaphylococcal effect of celecoxib and oxacillin. These findings suggest celecoxib and its combination with oxacillin as perspective agents for research focused on the development of novel therapies for MI caused by S. aureus. This study further indicates that celecoxib could resensitize certain MRSA strains, in some cases, to be susceptible to β-lactams (e.g., oxacillin) that were not previously tested. It is essential to mention that the in vitro concentrations of anti-inflammatory drugs are higher than those typically obtained in patients. Therefore, an alternative option for its administration could be the use of a drug delivery system for the controlled slow release from an implant at the infection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyedika Emmanuel Okpala
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
| | - Johana Rondevaldova
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
| | - Hayford Osei-Owusu
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
| | - Tomas Kudera
- Drift-Food Research Centre, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tersia Kokoskova
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ladislav Kokoska
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
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2
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Feng J, Zhang Y. The potential benefits of polyphenols for corneal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115862. [PMID: 37979379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea functions as the primary barrier of the ocular surface, regulating temperature and humidity while providing protection against oxidative stress, harmful stimuli and pathogenic microorganisms. Corneal diseases can affect the biomechanical and optical properties of the eye, resulting in visual impairment or even blindness. Due to their diverse origins and potent biological activities, plant secondary metabolites known as polyphenols offer potential advantages for treating corneal diseases owing to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Various polyphenols and their derivatives have demonstrated diverse mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting efficacy against a range of corneal diseases including repair of tissue damage, treatment of keratitis, inhibition of neovascularization, alleviation of dry eye syndrome, among others. Therefore, this article presents a concise overview of corneal and related diseases, along with an update on the research progress of natural polyphenols in safeguarding corneal health. A more comprehensive understanding of natural polyphenols provides a novel perspective for secure treatment of corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.
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3
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Fu C, Xu Y, Zheng H, Ling X, Zheng C, Tian L, Gu X, Cai J, Yang J, Li Y, Wang P, Liu Y, Lou Y, Zheng M. In vitro antibiofilm and bacteriostatic activity of diacerein against Enterococcus faecalis. AMB Express 2023; 13:85. [PMID: 37573278 PMCID: PMC10423188 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is one of the main pathogens that causes hospital-acquired infections because it is intrinsically resistant to some antibiotics and often is capable of biofilm formation, which plays a critical role in resisting the external environment. Therefore, attacking biofilms is a potential therapeutic strategy for infections caused by E. faecalis. Current research indicates that diacerein used in the treatment of osteoarthritis showed antimicrobial activity on strains of gram-positive cocci in vitro. In this study, we tested the MICs of diacerein using the broth microdilution method, and successive susceptibility testing verified that E. faecalis is unlikely to develop resistance to diacerein. In addition, we obtained a strain of E. faecalis HE01 with strong biofilm-forming ability from an eye hospital environment and demonstrated that diacerein affected the biofilm development of HE01 in a dose-dependent manner. Then, we explored the mechanism by which diacerein inhibits biofilm formation through qRT-PCR, extracellular protein assays, hydrophobicity assays and transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that biofilm formation was inhibited at the initial adhesion stage by inhibition of the expression of the esp gene, synthesis of bacterial surface proteins and reduction in cell hydrophobicity. In addition, transcriptome analysis showed that diacerein not only inhibited bacterial growth by affecting the oxidative phosphorylation process and substance transport but also inhibited biofilm formation by affecting secondary metabolism, biosynthesis, the ribosome pathway and luxS expression. Thus, our findings provide compelling evidence for the substantial therapeutic potential of diacerein against E. faecalis biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Fu
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Ling
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Zheng
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leihao Tian
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiabei Cai
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meiqin Zheng
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Ortiz-Miravalles L, Sánchez-Angulo M, Sanz JM, Maestro B. Drug Repositioning as a Therapeutic Strategy against Streptococcus pneumoniae: Cell Membrane as Potential Target. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065831. [PMID: 36982905 PMCID: PMC10058218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A collection of repurposing drugs (Prestwick Chemical Library) containing 1200 compounds was screened to investigate the drugs' antimicrobial effects against planktonic cultures of the respiratory pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. After four discrimination rounds, a set of seven compounds was finally selected, namely (i) clofilium tosylate; (ii) vanoxerine; (iii) mitoxantrone dihydrochloride; (iv) amiodarone hydrochloride; (v) tamoxifen citrate; (vi) terfenadine; and (vii) clomiphene citrate (Z, E). These molecules arrested pneumococcal growth in a liquid medium and induced a decrease in bacterial viability between 90.0% and 99.9% at 25 µM concentration, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) also in the micromolar range. Moreover, all compounds but mitoxantrone caused a remarkable increase in the permeability of the bacterial membrane and share a common, minimal chemical structure consisting of an aliphatic amine linked to a phenyl moiety via a short carbon/oxygen linker. These results open new possibilities to tackle pneumococcal disease through drug repositioning and provide clues for the design of novel membrane-targeted antimicrobials with a related chemical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ortiz-Miravalles
- Protein Engineering against Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Angulo
- Department of Vegetal Production and Microbiology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Jesús M Sanz
- Protein Engineering against Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Maestro
- Protein Engineering against Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Grassiri B, Mezzetta A, Maisetta G, Migone C, Fabiano A, Esin S, Guazzelli L, Zambito Y, Batoni G, Piras AM. Betaine- and L-Carnitine-Based Ionic Liquids as Solubilising and Stabilising Agents for the Formulation of Antimicrobial Eye Drops Containing Diacerein. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032714. [PMID: 36769037 PMCID: PMC9916883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of topically administered drugs, however powerful, is largely affected by their bioavailability and, thus, ultimately, on their aqueous solubility and stability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as functional excipients to solubilise, stabilise, and prolong the ocular residence time of diacerein (DIA) in eye drop formulations. DIA is a poorly soluble and unstable anthraquinone prodrug, rapidly hydrolysed to rhein (Rhe), for the treatment of osteoarthritis. DIA has recently been evaluated as an antimicrobial agent for bacterial keratitis. Two ILs based on natural zwitterionic compounds were investigated: L-carnitine C6 alkyl ester bromide (Carn6), and betaine C6 alkyl ester bromide (Bet6). The stabilising, solubilising, and mucoadhesive properties of ILs were investigated, as well as their cytotoxicity to the murine fibroblast BALB/3T3 clone A31 cell line. Two IL-DIA-based eye drop formulations were prepared, and their efficacy against both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined. Finally, the eye drops were administered in vivo on New Zealand albino rabbits, testing their tolerability as well as their elimination and degradation kinetics. Both Bet6 and Carn6 have good potential as functional excipients, showing solubilising, stabilising, mucoadhesive, and antimicrobial properties; their in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo ocular tolerability pave the way for their future use in ophthalmic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Mezzetta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppantionio Maisetta
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Migone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Angela Fabiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Semih Esin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrument Sharing of University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Ylenia Zambito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Research Centre for Nutraceutical and Healthy Foods “NUTRAFOOD”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Batoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrument Sharing of University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Piras
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrument Sharing of University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Cai W, Shen T, Wang D, Li T, Yu J, Peng C, Tang BZ. Efficient antibacterial AIEgens induced ROS for selective photodynamic treatment of bacterial keratitis. Front Chem 2023; 10:1088935. [PMID: 36688052 PMCID: PMC9846558 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1088935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis (BK) is an acute infection of the cornea, accompanied by uneven epithelium boundaries with stromal ulceration, potentially resulting in vision loss. Topical antibiotic is the regular treatment for BK. However, the incidence rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria limits the application of traditional antibiotics. Therefore, a cationic aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) named TTVP is utilized for the treatment of BK. TTVP showed no obvious cytotoxicity in maintaining the normal cell morphology and viability under a limited concentration, and revealed the ability to selectively combine with bacteria in normal ocular environment. After light irradiation, TTVP produced reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus exerting efficient antibacterial ability in vitro. What's more, in rat models of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection, the therapeutic intervention of TTVP lessens the degree of corneal opacity and inflammatory infiltration, limiting the spread of inflammation. Besides, TTVP manifested superior antibacterial efficacy than levofloxacin in acute BK, endowing its better vision salvage ability than conventional method. This research demonstrates the efficacy and advantages of TTVP as a photodynamic drug in the treatment of BK and represents its promise in clinical application of ocular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chen Peng, ; Ben Zhong Tang,
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Chen Peng, ; Ben Zhong Tang,
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Si W, Xie Y, Dong J, Wang C, Zhang F, Yue J, Jian S, Wei J, Liu S, Wang L, Zhang H. AMPK activation enhances neutrophil's fungicidal activity in vitro and improves the clinical outcome of Fusarium solani keratitis in vivo. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:1131-1143. [PMID: 35575029 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2078494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan Yue
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 450003, China.
| | - Shoujun Jian
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 450003, China.
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 450003, China.
| | - Susu Liu
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 450003, China.
| | - Liya Wang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 450003, China.
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 450003, China.
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Antibiotic Isoflavonoids, Anthraquinones, and Pterocarpanoids from Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L.) Seeds against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040279. [PMID: 35448466 PMCID: PMC9030341 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cajanus cajan L. (pigeon pea, locally known in the Philippines as kadios) seed is a functional food with health benefits that extend beyond their nutritional value. C. cajan seeds contain highly diverse secondary metabolites with enriched beneficial properties, such as antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. However, the antibacterial activities of secondary metabolites from Philippine-grown C. cajan, against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus have not been thoroughly described. Here, we investigated the in vitro antibacterial properties of C. cajan seed against multidrug-resistant S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 (MDRSA) and three other S. aureus strains (S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus ATCC 6538, and coagulase-negative S. aureus) and, subsequently, identified the antibiotic markers against S. aureus strains using mass spectrometry. Secondary metabolites from C. cajan seeds were extracted using acetone, methanol, or 95% ethanol. Antibacterial screening revealed antibiotic activity for the C. cajan acetone extract. Bioassay-guided purification of the C. cajan acetone extract afforded three semi-pure high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractions exhibiting 32–64 µg/mL minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against MDRSA. Chemical profiling of these fractions using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) identified six compounds that are antibacterial against MDRSA. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), MS/MS, and dereplication using Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS)™, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Library identified the metabolites as rhein, formononetin, laccaic acid D, crotafuran E, ayamenin A, and biochanin A. These isoflavonoids, anthraquinones, and pterocarpanoids from C. cajan seeds are potential bioactive compounds against S. aureus, including the multidrug-resistant strains.
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Peng C, Sun W, Zhou C, Qiang S, Jiang M, Lam JWY, Zhao Z, Kwok RTK, Cai W, Tang BZ. Vision redemption: Self-reporting AIEgens for combined treatment of bacterial keratitis. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121227. [PMID: 34736151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis (BK) is one of the most commonly leading causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide, and suffers the risk of drug-resistant infections due to the abuse of antibiotics. Herein, we report a cationic diphenyl luminogen with aggregation-induced emission called IQ-Cm containing isoquinolinium and coumarin units for theranostic study of BK. IQ-Cm has no obvious cytotoxicity to mammalian cells below a certain concentration, and could preferentially bind to bacteria over mammalian cells. IQ-Cm can be used as a sensitive self-reporting probe to rapidly discriminate live and dead bacteria by the visual emission colors. The intrinsic dark toxicity to bacteria and generation of reactive oxygen species under light irradiation endow IQ-Cm with excellent antibacterial activity in vitro and in BK rabbit models infected with S. aureus. The present study provides a sensitive and efficient theranostic strategy for rapid discrimination of various bacterial states and the combined treatment of BK based on the intrinsic dark antibacterial activity and photodynamic therapy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Peng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Chengcheng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Sujing Qiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Meijuan Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wenting Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
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10
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Li G, Xu L, Jiang M, Wu X. Eye drops and eye gels of levofloxacin: comparison of ocular absorption characterizations and therapeutic effects in the treatment of bacterial keratitis in rabbits. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:673-681. [PMID: 32233932 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1750626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to reveal the characteristic profiles of the marketed levofloxacin eye drops (5 mg/ml) and levofloxacin eye gel (3 mg/g) from the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics views of rabbits' eyes. A mild and a heavy bacterial keratitis models in rabbits were established. Different regimens of levofloxacin eye drops and eye gel, including phosphate buffer solution (the PBS group), the 4-Sol + 1-Gel group (rabbits were treated with 4 doses of levofloxacin eye drops and 1 dose levofloxacin eye gel per day), the 3-Sol + 1-Gel group (3 doses drops and 1 dose gel), the 4-Sol group (4 doses drops), the 4-Gel group (4 doses gel), the 3-Sol group (3 doses drops), and the 3-Gel group (3 doses gel), were applied to evaluate their efficacies. The ocular pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin eye drops and gel were also investigated. The results of mild infection groups showed that all treatment regimens significantly relieved the infection symptoms, and the treatment effect followed this order: 4-Gel > 4-Sol + 1-Gel > 3-Sol + 1-Gel > 4-Sol > 3-Gel > 3-Sol. In the heavy infection groups, all the treatment regimens significantly relieved the infection symptoms, and the treatment effect also followed the order with the mild infection results. All treatment regimens lowered the number of corneal colony forming units (CFU). Levofloxacin eye gel significantly increased intraocular penetration in rabbits' eyes. It can be concluded that the levofloxacin eye gel was more effective in treating bacterial keratitis than the levofloxacin eye drops in rabbit keratitis model with a proper treatment regimen such as 4-Gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guigang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingjuan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglin Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianggen Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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