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Sharma DK, Rajpurohit YS. Multitasking functions of bacterial extracellular DNA in biofilms. J Bacteriol 2024; 206:e0000624. [PMID: 38445859 PMCID: PMC11025335 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00006-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are intricate ecosystems of microbial communities that adhere to various surfaces and are enveloped by an extracellular matrix composed of polymeric substances. Within the context of bacterial biofilms, extracellular DNA (eDNA) originates from cell lysis or is actively secreted, where it exerts a significant influence on the formation, stability, and resistance of biofilms to environmental stressors. The exploration of eDNA within bacterial biofilms holds paramount importance in research, with far-reaching implications for both human health and the environment. An enhanced understanding of the functions of eDNA in biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance could inspire the development of strategies to combat biofilm-related infections and improve the management of antibiotic resistance. This comprehensive review encapsulates the latest discoveries concerning eDNA, encompassing its origins, functions within bacterial biofilms, and significance in bacterial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Kumar Sharma
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Schools of Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute (DAE—Deemed University), Mumbai, India
| | - Yogendra Singh Rajpurohit
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Schools of Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute (DAE—Deemed University), Mumbai, India
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2
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Bender O, Khoury J, Hirsch G, Weinberg E, Sagy N, Buller S, Lapides-Levy S, Blumer S, Bar DZ. Immunorecognition of Streptococcus mutans secreted proteins protects against caries by limiting tooth adhesion. J Dent 2024; 141:104805. [PMID: 38101504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood caries, a prevalent chronic disease, affects 60-90 % of children in industrialized regions, leading to lesions in both primary and permanent teeth. This condition precipitates hospital admissions, emergency room visits, elevated treatment costs, and missed school days, thereby impeding the child's academic engagement and increasing the likelihood of caries into adulthood. Despite multiple identified risk factors, significant interpersonal variability remains unexplained. The immune system generates a unique antibody repertoire, essential for maintaining a balanced and healthy oral microbiome. Streptococcus mutans is a primary contributor to the development of caries. METHODS Employing mass spectrometry, we investigated the S. mutans proteins targeted by antibodies in children both with and without caries, delineating a fundamental suite of proteins discernible by the immune systems of a majority of individuals. Notably, this suite was enriched with proteins pivotal for bacterial adhesion. To ascertain the physiological implications of these discoveries, we evaluated the efficacy of saliva in thwarting S. mutans adherence to dental surfaces. RESULTS Antibodies in most children recognized a core set of ten S. mutans proteins, with additional proteins identified in some individuals. There was no significant difference in the proteins identified by children with or without caries, but there was variation in antibody binding intensity to some proteins. Functionally, saliva from caries-free individuals, but not children with caries, was found to hinder the binding of S. mutans to teeth. These findings delineate the S. mutans proteome targeted by the immune system and suggest that the inhibition of bacterial adherence to teeth is a primary mechanism employed by the immune system to maintain oral balance and prevent caries formation. CONCLUSIONS These findings enhance our knowledge of the immune system's function in oral health maintenance and caries prevention, shedding light on how immunoglobulins interact with S. mutans proteins. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Targeting S. mutans proteins implicated in bacterial adhesion could be a promising strategy for preventing childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Bender
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Jessica Khoury
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Gal Hirsch
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Evgeny Weinberg
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel; Department of Periodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Naor Sagy
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Shani Buller
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Shiri Lapides-Levy
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Sigalit Blumer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Daniel Z Bar
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel.
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3
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Vigué A, Vautier D, Kaytoue A, Senger B, Arntz Y, Ball V, Ben Mlouka A, Gribova V, Hajjar-Garreau S, Hardouin J, Jouenne T, Lavalle P, Ploux L. Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation, Motion and Protein Patterns on Hyaluronic Acid and Polydimethylsiloxane Depend on Surface Stiffness. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040237. [PMID: 36412878 PMCID: PMC9680287 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface stiffness of the microenvironment is a mechanical signal regulating biofilm growth without the risks associated with the use of bioactive agents. However, the mechanisms determining the expansion or prevention of biofilm growth on soft and stiff substrates are largely unknown. To answer this question, we used PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane, 9-574 kPa) and HA (hyaluronic acid gels, 44 Pa-2 kPa) differing in their hydration. We showed that the softest HA inhibited Escherichia coli biofilm growth, while the stiffest PDMS activated it. The bacterial mechanical environment significantly regulated the MscS mechanosensitive channel in higher abundance on the least colonized HA-44Pa, while Type-1 pili (FimA) showed regulation in higher abundance on the most colonized PDMS-9kPa. Type-1 pili regulated the free motion (the capacity of bacteria to move far from their initial position) necessary for biofilm growth independent of the substrate surface stiffness. In contrast, the total length travelled by the bacteria (diffusion coefficient) varied positively with the surface stiffness but not with the biofilm growth. The softest, hydrated HA, the least colonized surface, revealed the least diffusive and the least free-moving bacteria. Finally, this shows that customizing the surface elasticity and hydration, together, is an efficient means of affecting the bacteria's mobility and attachment to the surface and thus designing biomedical surfaces to prevent biofilm growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Vigué
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Vautier
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Amad Kaytoue
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Senger
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Youri Arntz
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Ball
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Amine Ben Mlouka
- PISSARO Proteomic Facility, IRIB, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Varvara Gribova
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Samar Hajjar-Garreau
- Mulhouse Materials Science Institute, CNRS/Haute Alsace University, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Julie Hardouin
- PISSARO Proteomic Facility, IRIB, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Polymers, Biopolymers, Surfaces Laboratory, CNRS/UNIROUEN/INSA Rouen, Normandie University, 76821 Rouen, France
| | - Thierry Jouenne
- PISSARO Proteomic Facility, IRIB, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Polymers, Biopolymers, Surfaces Laboratory, CNRS/UNIROUEN/INSA Rouen, Normandie University, 76821 Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lydie Ploux
- INSERM UMR-S 1121 Biomaterial Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- CNRS, 67037 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence:
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4
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Yao S, Hao L, Zhou R, Jin Y, Huang J, Wu C. Formation of Biofilm by Tetragenococcus halophilus Benefited Stress Tolerance and Anti-biofilm Activity Against S. aureus and S. Typhimurium. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:819302. [PMID: 35300476 PMCID: PMC8921937 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.819302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetragenococcus halophilus, a halophilic lactic acid bacterium (LAB), plays an important role in the production of high-salt fermented foods. Generally, formation of biofilm benefits the fitness of cells when faced with competitive and increasingly hostile fermented environments. In this work, the biofilm-forming capacity of T. halophilus was investigated. The results showed that the optimal conditions for biofilm formation by T. halophilus were at 3–9% salt content, 0–6% ethanol content, pH 7.0, 30°C, and on the surface of stainless steel. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis presented a dense and flat biofilm with a thickness of about 24 μm, and higher amounts of live cells were located near the surface of biofilm and more dead cells located at the bottom. Proteins, polysaccharides, extracellular-DNA (eDNA), and humic-like substances were all proved to take part in biofilm formation. Higher basic surface charge, greater hydrophilicity, and lower intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were detected in T. halophilus grown in biofilms. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging revealed that biofilm cultures of T. halophilus had stronger surface adhesion forces than planktonic cells. Cells in biofilm exhibited higher cell viability under acid stress, ethanol stress, heat stress, and oxidative stress. In addition, T. halophilus biofilms exhibited aggregation activity and anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium. Results presented in the study may contribute to enhancing stress tolerance of T. halophilus and utilize their antagonistic activities against foodborne pathogens during the production of fermented foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Yao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liying Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongqing Zhou
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Jin
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Huang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongde Wu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Demir I, Lüchtefeld I, Lemen C, Dague E, Guiraud P, Zambelli T, Formosa-Dague C. Probing the interactions between air bubbles and (bio)interfaces at the nanoscale using FluidFM technology. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 604:785-797. [PMID: 34303172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying bubble-(bio)surfaces interactions is currently a challenge that if overcame, would allow to understand and control the various processes in which they are involved. Atomic force microscopy is a useful technique to measure such interactions, but it is limited by the large size and instability of the bubbles that it can use, attached either on cantilevers or on surfaces. We here present new developments where microsized and stable bubbles are produced using FluidFM technology, which combines AFM and microfluidics. The air bubbles produced were used to probe the interactions with hydrophobic samples, showing that bubbles in water behave like hydrophobic surfaces. They thus could be used to measure the hydrophobic properties of microorganisms' surfaces, but in this case the interactions are also influenced by electrostatic forces. Finally a strategy was developed to functionalize their surface, thereby modulating their interactions with microorganism interfaces. This new method provides a valuable tool to understand bubble-(bio)surfaces interactions but also to engineer them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Demir
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, Toulouse, France; LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ines Lüchtefeld
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claude Lemen
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Dague
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Fédération de Recherche Fermat, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Guiraud
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Fédération de Recherche Fermat, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Tomaso Zambelli
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Formosa-Dague
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Fédération de Recherche Fermat, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
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6
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Su G, Li S, Deng X, Hu L, Praburaman L, He Z, Zhong H, Sun W. Low concentration of Tween-20 enhanced the adhesion and biofilm formation of Acidianus manzaensis YN-25 on chalcopyrite surface. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131403. [PMID: 34225118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although Tween-20 was used as an important catalyst to increase chalcopyrite bioleaching rate by acidophiles, the effect of Tween-20 on initial adhesion and biofilm development of acidophiles on chalcopyrite has not been explored until now. Herein, the role of Tween-20 in early attachment behaviors and biofilm development by Acidianus manzaensis strain YN-25 were investigated by adhesion experiments, adhesion force measurement, visualization of biofilm assays and a series of analyses including extended Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbeek (DLVO) theory, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The bacterial adhesion experiments showed that 2 mg/L of Tween-20 increased the adhesion percentage (by 8%) of A. manzaensis YN-25. Tween-20 could promote the early adhesion of A. manzaensis YN-25 by changing the Lewis acid-base interaction and electrostatic force to increase total interaction energy and adhesion force. Besides, the functional groups on the surface of cells (carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino functional groups) contributed to the adhesion of A. manzaensis YN-25 on chalcopyrite. Furthermore, the promotion of biofilm formation by Tween-20 was mainly attributed to the reduction of S0 passivation layer formation and complexing more Fe3+ on chalcopyrite surface, contributing to the erosion of chalcopyrite and creating more corrosion pits. Live/dead staining showed low live/dead ratio (ranged from 0.35 to 1.32) during the biofilm development process. This report offers a better understanding of the effects of Tween-20 on attachment and biofilm development of acidophilic microorganisms and would lay a theoretical foundation for the better application of catalyst in bioleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Su
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaotao Deng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Liang Hu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Loganathan Praburaman
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhiguo He
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Faculty of Materials Metallurgy & Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science & Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
| | - Hui Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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7
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Parreira P, Martins MCL. The biophysics of bacterial infections: Adhesion events in the light of force spectroscopy. Cell Surf 2021; 7:100048. [PMID: 33665520 PMCID: PMC7898176 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2021.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections are the most eminent public health challenge of the 21st century. The primary step leading to infection is bacterial adhesion to the surface of host cells or medical devices, which is mediated by a multitude of molecular interactions. At the interface of life sciences and physics, last years advances in atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based force spectroscopy techniques have made possible to measure the forces driving bacteria-cell and bacteria-materials interactions on a single molecule/cell basis (single molecule/cell force spectroscopy). Among the bacteria-(bio)materials surface interactions, the life-threatening infections associated to medical devices involving Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are the most eminent. On the other hand, Pseudomonas aeruginosa binding to the pulmonary and urinary tract or the Helicobacter pylori binding to the gastric mucosa, are classical examples of bacteria-host cell interactions that end in serious infections. As we approach the end of the antibiotic era, acquisition of a deeper knowledge of the fundamental forces involved in bacteria - host cells/(bio)materials surface adhesion is crucial for the identification of new ligand-binding events and its assessment as novel targets for alternative anti-infective therapies. This article aims to highlight the potential of AFM-based force spectroscopy for new targeted therapies development against bacterial infections in which adhesion plays a pivotal role and does not aim to be an extensive overview on the AFM technical capabilities and theory of single molecule force spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Parreira
- INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Cristina L. Martins
- INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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8
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Su G, Deng X, Zhong H, Hu L, Li S, Praburaman L, He Z, Sun W. Ag + significantly promoted the biofilm formation of thermoacidophilic archaeon Acidianus manzaensis YN-25 on chalcopyrite surface. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130208. [PMID: 33744647 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silver ion (Ag+) is an important catalyst to improve chalcopyrite bio-dissolution, but its effects on initial adhesion behaviors and biofilm formation of acidophiles onto metal sulfide were still unknown. In this study, initial attachment behavior and adhesion force in the presence of Ag+ (0, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 mg/L) were comparatively analyzed for Acidianus manzaensis YN-25. Biofilm was observed by fluorescent images in the presence of 0, 1 and 2 mg/L Ag+. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) corroborated the catalytic mechanisms of Ag+ to biofilm formation. Results showed that Ag+ could significantly promote the attachment of cells on chalcopyrite, and the optimum concentration of Ag+ was 2 mg/L with the biggest percentage of attached cells (74%), followed by 5 mg/L (71%), whereas that for the control (0 mg/L) was only 61%. Ag+ significantly increased the interaction force between A. manzaensis YN-25 and chalcopyrite. Compared with the control, larger coverage of biofilm (up to 40% versus 32%) and more corrosion pits were observed on chalcopyrite in the presence of 2 mg/L Ag+. Moreover, Ag+ catalyzed chalcopyrite corrosion and accelerated biofilm formation by producing a loose porous Ag2S layer and Ag0 to decrease the resistivity. The live/dead ratio was small with a range of 0.31-1.38, suggesting that dead cells were a great slice during the whole life-cycle of biofilm on chalcopyrite. This report offers a profound insight into the promotion mechanism of Ag+ on adhesion behaviors and biofilm formation by thermoacidophilic archaeon under extremely acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Su
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaotao Deng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Liang Hu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Loganathan Praburaman
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhiguo He
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Faculty of Materials Metallurgy & Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science & Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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9
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Jiang Q, Yu Y, Xu R, Zhang Z, Liang C, Sun H, Deng F, Yu X. The temporal shift of peri-implant microbiota during the biofilm formation and maturation in a canine model. Microb Pathog 2021; 158:105100. [PMID: 34302932 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the mature peri-implant biofilm composition is well studied, there is very little information on the succession of in vivo dental implant colonization. The aim of this study was to characterize the temporal changes and diversity of peri-implant supra-mucosal and sub-mucosal microbiota during the process of the plaque maturation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dental implants (n = 25) were placed in the mandible of 3 beagle dogs. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the hypervariable V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to characterize the supra/sub-mucosal microbiota in the peri-implant niches at 1day (T1), 7days (T2), 14days (T3), 21days (T4) and 28days (T5) after Phase Ⅱ surgery of the healing abutment placement. QIIME, Mothur, LEfSe and R-package were used for downstream analysis. RESULTS A total of 1184 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), assigned into 22 phyla, 264 genera and 339 species were identified. In supra-mucosal niches, the alpha parameters of shannon, sobs and chao1 displayed significant differences between T1 and other time-points. However, in sub-mucosal niches, only sobs, chao1, and ace indexes displayed significant differences between T1 and T3, and T1 and T5. Beta-diversity showed statistically significant difference between T1 and T2, T3, T4, T5 within both sub-mucosal and supra-mucosal plaque. The phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla of both sub-mucosal and supra-mucosal niches at all time-points and Firmicutes increased during the maturation of peri-implant plaque. At the genus level, Neisseria decreased significantly after T1 suggesting the establishment of an anaerobic microenvironment. A decrease of Porphyromonas during the formation of sub-mucosal microbial community was also detected. Co-occurrence network analysis exhibited a more complicated co-occurrence relationship of bacterial species in the sub-mucosal niches. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Filifactor villosus, and some other species may play a crucial role in biofilm maturation. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggested that the development of peri-implant biofilm followed a similar pattern to dental plaque formation. Sub-mucosal biofilm may go through a more complicated procedure of maturation than supra-mucosal biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Jiang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruogu Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhengchuan Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chaoan Liang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hanyu Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China.
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10
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Phages in Food Industry Biocontrol and Bioremediation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070786. [PMID: 34203362 PMCID: PMC8300737 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and their use is a current promising alternative in biological control. Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains are present in the livestock industry and phages are attractive candidates to eliminate them and their biofilms. This alternative therapy also reduces the non-desirable effects produced by chemicals on food. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that around 420,000 people die due to a foodborne illness annually, suggesting that an improvement in food biocontrol is desirable. This review summarizes relevant studies of phage use in biocontrol focusing on treatments in live animals, plants, surfaces, foods, wastewaters and bioremediation.
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11
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Cristobal-Cueto P, García-Quintanilla A, Esteban J, García-Quintanilla M. Phages in Food Industry Biocontrol and Bioremediation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070786. [PMID: 34203362 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotic6as10070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and their use is a current promising alternative in biological control. Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains are present in the livestock industry and phages are attractive candidates to eliminate them and their biofilms. This alternative therapy also reduces the non-desirable effects produced by chemicals on food. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that around 420,000 people die due to a foodborne illness annually, suggesting that an improvement in food biocontrol is desirable. This review summarizes relevant studies of phage use in biocontrol focusing on treatments in live animals, plants, surfaces, foods, wastewaters and bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Cristobal-Cueto
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Av. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto García-Quintanilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Calle Profesor García Gonzalez, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Jaime Esteban
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Av. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Interaction between Biofilm Formation, Surface Material and Cleanability Considering Different Materials Used in Pig Facilities—An Overview. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13115836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sometimes the contamination in pig facilities can persist even after the washing and disinfection procedure. Some factors could influence this persistence, such as bacteria type, biofilm formation, material type and washing parameters. Therefore, this review summarizes how the type of surface can influence bacteria colonization and how the washing procedure can impact sanitary aspects, considering the different materials used in pig facilities. Studies have shown that biofilm formation on the surface of different materials is a complex system influenced by environmental conditions and the characteristics of each material’s surface and group of bacteria. These parameters, along with the washing parameters, are the main factors having an impact on the removal or persistence of biofilm in pig facilities even after the cleaning and disinfection processes. Some options are available for proper removal of biofilms, such as chemical treatments (i.e., detergent application), the use of hot water (which is indicated for some materials) and a longer washing time.
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13
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Khalid S, Gao A, Wang G, Chu PK, Wang H. Tuning surface topographies on biomaterials to control bacterial infection. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:6840-6857. [PMID: 32812537 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00845a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microbial contamination and subsequent formation of biofilms frequently cause failure of surgical implants and a good understanding of the bacteria-surface interactions is vital to the design and safety of biomaterials. In this review, the physical and chemical factors that are involved in the various stages of implant-associated bacterial infection are described. In particular, topographical modification strategies that have been employed to mitigate bacterial adhesion via topographical mechanisms are summarized and discussed comprehensively. Recent advances have improved our understanding about bacteria-surface interactions and have enabled biomedical engineers and researchers to develop better and more effective antibacterial surfaces. The related interdisciplinary efforts are expected to continue in the quest for next-generation medical devices to attain the ultimate goal of improved clinical outcomes and reduced number of revision surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Khalid
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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14
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Klemm S, Baum M, Qiu H, Nan Z, Cavalheiro M, Teixeira MC, Tendero C, Gapeeva A, Adelung R, Dague E, Castelain M, Formosa-Dague C. Development of Polythiourethane/ZnO-Based Anti-Fouling Materials and Evaluation of the Adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida glabrata Using Single-Cell Force Spectroscopy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:271. [PMID: 33494168 PMCID: PMC7909824 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The attachment of bacteria and other microbes to natural and artificial surfaces leads to the development of biofilms, which can further cause nosocomial infections. Thus, an important field of research is the development of new materials capable of preventing the initial adhesion of pathogenic microorganisms. In this work, novel polymer/particle composite materials, based on a polythiourethane (PTU) matrix and either spherical (s-ZnO) or tetrapodal (t-ZnO) shaped ZnO fillers, were developed and characterized with respect to their mechanical, chemical and surface properties. To then evaluate their potential as anti-fouling surfaces, the adhesion of two different pathogenic microorganism species, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida glabrata, was studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results show that the adhesion of both S. aureus and C. glabrata to PTU and PTU/ZnO is decreased compared to a model surface polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). It was furthermore found that the amount of both s-ZnO and t-ZnO filler had a direct influence on the adhesion of S. aureus, as increasing amounts of ZnO particles resulted in reduced adhesion of the cells. For both microorganisms, material composites with 5 wt.% of t-ZnO particles showed the greatest potential for anti-fouling with significantly decreased adhesion of cells. Altogether, both pathogens exhibit a reduced capacity to adhere to the newly developed nanomaterials used in this study, thus showing their potential for bio-medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Klemm
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany; (S.K.); (H.Q.); (A.G.); (R.A.)
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400 Toulouse, France;
| | - Martina Baum
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany; (S.K.); (H.Q.); (A.G.); (R.A.)
| | - Haoyi Qiu
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany; (S.K.); (H.Q.); (A.G.); (R.A.)
| | - Zibin Nan
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, 31400 Toulouse, France; (Z.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Mafalda Cavalheiro
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Miguel Cacho Teixeira
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Claire Tendero
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France;
- Fédération de Recherche Fermat, CNRS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Anna Gapeeva
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany; (S.K.); (H.Q.); (A.G.); (R.A.)
| | - Rainer Adelung
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany; (S.K.); (H.Q.); (A.G.); (R.A.)
| | - Etienne Dague
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400 Toulouse, France;
- Fédération de Recherche Fermat, CNRS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Mickaël Castelain
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, 31400 Toulouse, France; (Z.N.); (M.C.)
- Fédération de Recherche Fermat, CNRS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Formosa-Dague
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, 31400 Toulouse, France; (Z.N.); (M.C.)
- Fédération de Recherche Fermat, CNRS, 31000 Toulouse, France
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15
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Francius G, Petit F, Clément E, Chekli Y, Ghigo JM, Beloin C, Duval JFL. On the strong connection between nanoscale adhesion of Yad fimbriae and macroscale attachment of Yad-decorated bacteria to glycosylated, hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1257-1272. [PMID: 33404575 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06840c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Yad fimbriae are currently viewed as versatile bacterial adhesins able to significantly mediate host or plant-pathogen recognition and contribute to the persistence of Escherichia coli in both the environment and within hosts. To date, however, the underlying adhesion process of Yad fimbriae on surfaces defined by controlled coating chemistries has not been evaluated on the relevant molecular scale. In this work, the interaction forces operational between Yad fimbriae expressed by genetically modified E. coli and self-assembled monolayers (SAM) differing in terms of charge, hydrophobicity or the nature of decorating sugar units are quantified by Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy (SMFS) on the nanoscale. It is found that the adhesion of Yad fimbriae onto probes functionalized with xylose is as strong as that measured with probes decorated with anti-Yad antibodies (ca. 80 to 300 pN). In contrast, the interactions of Yad with galactose, lactose, mannose, -OH, -NH2, -COOH and -CH3 terminated SAMs are clearly non-specific. Interpretation of SMFS measurements on the basis of worm-like-chain modeling for polypeptide nanomechanics further leads to the estimates of the maximal extension of Yad fimbriae upon stretching, of their persistence length and of their polydispersity. Finally, we show for the first time a strong correlation between the adhesion properties of Yad-decorated bacteria determined from conventional macroscopic counting methods and the molecular adhesion capacity of Yad fimbriae. This demonstration advocates the effort that should be made to understand on the nanoscale level the interactions between fimbriae and their cognate ligands. The results could further help the design of potential anti-adhesive molecules or surfaces to better fight against the virulence of bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Francius
- Université de Lorraine, LCPME, UMR 7564, Villers-lès-Nancy, F-54600, France.
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16
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Koubali H, Latrache H, Zahir H, El Louali M. Kinetics of Adhesion
Staphylococcus aureus
on Glass in the Presence of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Koubali
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bio‐interfaces, Faculty of Sciences and Technics Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal 23000 Morocco
| | - Hassan Latrache
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bio‐interfaces, Faculty of Sciences and Technics Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal 23000 Morocco
| | - Hafida Zahir
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bio‐interfaces, Faculty of Sciences and Technics Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal 23000 Morocco
| | - Mostafa El Louali
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bio‐interfaces, Faculty of Sciences and Technics Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal 23000 Morocco
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17
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Liu YN, Lv ZT, Lv WL, Liu XW. Plasmonic probing of the adhesion strength of single microbial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:27148-27153. [PMID: 33060295 PMCID: PMC7959563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010136117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Probing the binding between a microbe and surface is critical for understanding biofilm formation processes, developing biosensors, and designing biomaterials, but it remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a method to measure the interfacial forces of bacteria attached to the surface. We tracked the intrinsic fluctuations of individual bacterial cells using an interferometric plasmonic imaging technique. Unlike the existing methods, this approach determined the potential energy profile and quantified the adhesion strength of single cells by analyzing the fluctuations. This method provides insights into biofilm formation and can also serve as a promising platform for investigating biological entity/surface interactions, such as pathogenicity, microbial cell capture and detection, and antimicrobial interface screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Zhen-Ting Lv
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Li Lv
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Xian-Wei Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China;
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
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18
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Uppal G, Hu W, Vural DC. Evolution of chemotactic hitchhiking. J Evol Biol 2020; 33:1593-1605. [PMID: 32929788 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria typically reside in heterogeneous environments with various chemogradients where motile cells can gain an advantage over nonmotile cells. Since motility is energetically costly, cells must optimize their swimming speed and behaviour to maximize their fitness. Here, we investigate how cheating strategies might evolve where slow or nonmotile microbes exploit faster ones by sticking together and hitching a ride. Starting with physical and biological first principles, we computationally study the effects of sticking on the evolution of motility in a controlled chemostat environment. We find that stickiness allows for slow cheaters to dominate when chemoattractants are dispersed at intermediate distances. In this case, slow microbes exploit faster ones until they consume the population, leading to a tragedy of commons. For long races, slow microbes do gain an initial advantage from sticking, but eventually fall behind. Here, fast microbes are more likely to stick to other fast microbes and co-operate to increase their own population. We therefore conclude that whether the nature of the hitchhiking interaction is parasitic or mutualistic, depends on the chemoattractant distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weiyi Hu
- Mathematics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Gordesli-Duatepe FP, Park BJ, Kawas LH, Abu-Lail NI. Atomic Force Microscopy Investigation of the Contributions of Listeria monocytogenes Cell-Wall Biomacromolecules to Their Adherence and Mechanics. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:5872-5883. [PMID: 32544332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the contributions of the pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes cell-wall biomacromolecules to the bacterial mechanics and adhesion to a model inert surface of silicon nitride in water were investigated by atomic force microscopy. Chemical ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and biological enzymatic trypsin treatments of cells were performed to partially or totally remove the bacterial cell-wall proteins and carbohydrates. Removal of 48.2% proteins and 29.2% of carbohydrates from the cell-wall of the bacterium by the EDTA treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the length of the bacterial cell-wall biomacromolecules and an increase in the rigidity of the bacterial cells as predicted from fitting a model of steric repulsion to the force-distance approach data and classic Hertz model to the indentation-force data, respectively. In comparison, removal of almost all the cell-wall proteins (99.5% removal) and 8.6% of cell-wall carbohydrates by the trypsin treatment resulted in an increase in the elasticity of the bacterial cells, an increase in the extension of the cell-wall biomacromolecules, and a significant decrease in their apparent grafting densities. In addition, adhesion strength of native-untreated L. monocytogenes to silicon nitride in water decreased by 30% on average after the EDTA treatment and further decreased by 60% on average after the trypsin treatment, showing a positive correlation with the% removal of cell-wall proteins by the EDTA and trypsin treatments, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pinar Gordesli-Duatepe
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir University of Economics, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bong J Park
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Leen H Kawas
- Department of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy, Pharmacology, and Physiology, Washington State University Pullman, Washington 99164-6520, United States
| | - Nehal I Abu-Lail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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20
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Fungal spore adhesion on glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy silane modified silica nanoparticle surfaces as revealed by single cell force spectroscopy. Biointerphases 2020; 15:031012. [PMID: 32551719 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin film coatings prepared from commercially available glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPS) modified silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) (Bindzil® CC301 and Bindzil® CC302) have previously shown excellent antifouling performance against a broad range of microbes [Molino et al., "Hydration layer structure of biofouling-resistant nanoparticles," ACS Nano 12, 11610 (2018)]. In this work, single cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) was used to measure the biological interactions between Epicoccum nigrum fungal spores and the same silica nanoparticle-based surfaces used in the aforementioned study, including a: glass coverslip, unmodified SiNP coatings, and both low (Bindzil® CC301) and high density (CC302) GPS functionalized SiNP coatings as a function of NaCl concentration. From the SCFS curves, the spore adhesion to the surface was greatest on the glass coverslip (20-80 nN) followed by the unmodified SiNP (3-5 nN) across all salt concentrations. Upon approach to both surfaces, the spores showed a long-range attraction generally with a profile characteristic of biointeractions and likely those of the outer cell wall structures or biological constituents. The attractive force allowed the spores to initially adhere to the surface and was found to be linearly proportional to the spore adhesion. In comparison, both high and low density GPS-SINP significantly reduced the spore adhesion (0.5-0.9 nN). In addition, the spore adhesion on high density GPS-SiNP occurred in only 14%-27% of SCFS curves (40%-48% for low density GPS-SiNP) compared to 83%-97% for the unmodified SiNP, indicating that in most cases the GPS functionalization completely prevented spore adhesion. The GPS-SiNP surfaces conversely showed a long-range electrostatic repulsion at low 1mM NaCl that was replaced by short-range repulsion at the higher salt concentrations. From the findings, it is proposed that the attractive force is a critical step in initial adhesion processes of the spore. The effective antifouling properties of the GPS are attributed to the ability to negate the attractive forces, either through electrostatic repulsion in low salt conditions and primarily from short-range repulsion correlating to the previously reported combined steric-hydration effect of the GPS functionalization on SiNP coatings.
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21
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Sarkar S. Release mechanisms and molecular interactions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa extracellular DNA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6549-6564. [PMID: 32500267 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is a significant threat for clinicians. Increasing incidents of resistant biofilm infection result in high mortality rates worldwide. There is a considerable current interest in the field of extracellular DNA (eDNA)-mediated P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. eDNA acts as a glue to make biofilm more stable. This review focuses on the diverse mechanisms and factors, which enhance the eDNA release into the extracellular milieu. Furthermore, eDNA-mediated molecular interactions within the biofilm are emphasized. In addition, drug resistance mechanisms due to the versatility of eDNA are discussed. Spatial physiological diversity is expected due to different metabolic activity of bacterial subpopulation present in P. aeruginosa biofilm layers. In P. aeruginosa, eDNA release is accomplished by cell lysis and OMVs (outer membrane vesicles). eDNA release is a spontaneous and multifactorial process, which may be accomplished by PQS, pyocyanin, and lambda prophage induction. Hydrogen peroxide and pyocin trigger cell death, which may facilitate eDNA release. Lung mucosa of cystic fibrosis patients is enriched with eDNA, which acidifies biofilm and develops P. aeruginosa resistance to aminoglycosides. Further studies on spatial and molecular characterization of bacterial subpopulation in biofilm will shed light on eDNA-biofilm interaction more precisely.Key Points• Extracellular DNA (eDNA) is a key component of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.• P. aeruginosa eDNA acts as a glue to make biofilm more stronger.• Bacterial cell death or lysis may be the potential way to release P. aeruginosa eDNA into extracellular milieu.• P. aeruginosa eDNA contributes to develop resistance to antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subendu Sarkar
- Department of Surgery, University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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22
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Souza JGS, Bertolini M, Costa RC, Cordeiro JM, Nagay BE, de Almeida AB, Retamal-Valdes B, Nociti FH, Feres M, Rangel EC, Barão VAR. Targeting Pathogenic Biofilms: Newly Developed Superhydrophobic Coating Favors a Host-Compatible Microbial Profile on the Titanium Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:10118-10129. [PMID: 32049483 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymicrobial infections are one of the most common reasons for inflammation of surrounding tissues and failure of implanted biomaterials. Because microorganism adhesion is the first step for biofilm formation, physical-chemical modifications of biomaterials have been proposed to reduce the initial microbial attachment. Thus, the use of superhydrophobic coatings has emerged because of their anti-biofilm properties. However, these coatings on the titanium (Ti) surface have been developed mainly by dual-step surface modification techniques and have not been tested using polymicrobial biofilms. Therefore, we developed a one-step superhydrophobic coating on the Ti surface by using a low-pressure plasma technology to create a biocompatible coating that reduces polymicrobial biofilm adhesion and formation. The superhydrophobic coating on Ti was created by the glow discharge plasma using Ar, O2, and hexamethyldisiloxane gases, and after full physical, chemical, and biological characterizations, we evaluated its properties regarding oral biofilm inhibition. The newly developed coating presented an increased surface roughness and, consequently, superhydrophobicity (contact angle over 150°) and enhanced corrosion resistance (p < 0.05) of the Ti surface. Furthermore, proteomic analysis showed a unique pattern of protein adsorption on the superhydrophobic coating without drastically changing the biologic processes mediated by proteins. Additionally, superhydrophobic treatment did not present a cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts or reduction of proliferation; however, it significantly reduced (≈8-fold change) polymicrobial adhesion (bacterial and fungal) and biofilm formation in vitro. Interestingly, superhydrophobic coating shifted the microbiological profile of biofilms formed in situ in the oral cavity, reducing by up to ≈7 fold pathogens associated with the peri-implant disease. Thus, this new superhydrophobic coating developed by a one-step glow discharge plasma technique is a promising biocompatible strategy to drastically reduce microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on Ti-based biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- João G S Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Jairo M Cordeiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda B de Almeida
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdes
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Eng. Prestes Maia Street, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Francisco H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Eng. Prestes Maia Street, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Elidiane C Rangel
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 511 Três de Março Avenue, Sorocaba, São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
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23
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Agafonova MN, Kazakova RR, Lubina AP, Zeldi MI, Nikitina EV, Balakin KV, Shtyrlin YG. Antibacterial activity profile of miramistin in in vitro and in vivo models. Microb Pathog 2020; 142:104072. [PMID: 32068161 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miramistin is a widely used antiseptic, disinfectant and preservative, and one of the most popular antimicrobial agents on pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation (http://www.dsm.ru/en/news/385/). However, there is a lack of reported systematic data on antibacterial efficacy of this agent obtained in accordance with the international standards. AIM This paper represents a systematic study of antibacterial properties of miramistin. Another objective of this work is to evaluate and compare the exploratory performance of in vitro and in vivo protocols of antiseptics' efficacy testing using miramistin as the reference antiseptic. METHODS Antibacterial activity of 0.1% and 0.2% aqueous solutions of miramistin against two museum strains of S. aureus (ATCC 209p) and E. coli (CDC F-50) was studied. Three standard in vitro laboratory tests (microdilution test, suspension test, and metal surface test), and one in vivo test (on rat's skin) were used. The study was conducted in accordance with the international regulatory documents. RESULTS Miramistin showed high bactericidal activity against the studied bacterial pathogens in the standard in vitro tests. Thus, in the microdilution test it showed expressed activity against S. aureus (MIC 8 μg/ml, MBC 16 μg/ml) and E. coli (MIC 32 μg/ml, MBC 128 μg/ml). In the suspension test, miramistin decreased the amount of colony forming units by at least 6 log10 units for S. aureus, and by at least 4.5 log10 units for E. coli. Transition to the metal surface test led to significant decrease of antibacterial activity by 1-3 log10 units as compared to the suspension test. Further dramatic reduction of antiseptic activity (by 3-4 log10 units) was observed in in vivo rat skin test. Addition of a protein contaminant (bovine serum albumin) led to a general decrease in the effectiveness of miramistin against the test pathogens (typically, by 1-2 log10 units). An interesting effect of exposure time-dependent reversal of miramistin's specificity to the studied Gram-positive S. aureus and the Gram-negative E. coli organisms was observed in the metal surface test. CONCLUSIONS The results of this work provide systematic data on antibacterial efficacy of miramistin. They also underscore the need in relevant in vivo models for evaluation of antiseptics' efficacy. While the existing in vitro methods can be successfully applied at the discovery stages, it is necessary to use more realistic in vivo models at more advanced development stages. The observed selectivity reversal effect should be taken into account when carrying out the antiseptics' efficacy testing and surface disinfection procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya N Agafonova
- Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia
| | - Renata R Kazakova
- Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia
| | - Anna P Lubina
- Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia
| | - Marina I Zeldi
- Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia
| | - Elena V Nikitina
- Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia
| | - Konstantin V Balakin
- Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia
| | - Yurii G Shtyrlin
- Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia.
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Recovery of Polyphenols from Grape Pomace Using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Grafted Silica Particles and PEG-Assisted Cosolvent Elution. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122199. [PMID: 31212800 PMCID: PMC6630576 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adsorption on a functionalized surface can be an effective way of purifying polyphenols from complex plant extracts. Polymeric resins that rely on hydrophobic interactions suffer from low selectivity, weak affinity towards polyphenols, and lack tunability therefore making the purification of polyphenols less efficient. In this study, a purification process for the recovery of polyphenols from grape pomace extract was successfully developed using hydrogen bonding affinity ligands grafted on silica particles and PEG-assisted elution solvents. Bare silica (SiO2) and polyethylene glycol (mPEG)-grafted silica microparticles with molecular weights of 2000 and 5000 were tested to determine their polyphenol binding and release characteristics. Functionalizing the surface of bare silica with mPEG ligands increased the adsorption capacity by 7.1- and 11.4-fold for mPEG-2000 and mPEG-5000 compared to bare silica particles, respectively. This was likely due to the introduction of more polyphenol binding sites with mPEG functionalization. Altering the molecular weight (MW) of mPEG grafted on silica surfaces provided tunability in the adsorption capacity. A complete recovery of polyphenols (~99.9%) from mPEG-grafted silica particles was achieved by utilizing PEG–ethanol or PEG–water cosolvent systems. Recovered polyphenols showed up to ~12-fold antioxidant activity compared to grape pomace extract. This study demonstrates that mPEG-grafted silica particles and elution of polyphenols with PEG cosolvents can potentially be used for large-scale purification of polyphenols from complex plant extracts and simplify the use of polyphenols, as PEG facilitates remarkable solvation and is an ideal medium for the final formulation of polyphenols.
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25
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Kreis CT, Grangier A, Bäumchen O. In vivo adhesion force measurements of Chlamydomonas on model substrates. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:3027-3035. [PMID: 30887973 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The initial stages of biofilm formation at a surface are triggered by the surface association of individual microorganisms. The biological mechanisms and interfacial interactions underlying microbial adhesion to surfaces have been widely studied for bacteria, while microalgae remained rather unconsidered despite their technological relevance, e.g., in photo-bioreactors. We performed in vivo micropipette force measurements with the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular eukaryotic microalga that dwells in liquid-infused soils and on moist rocks. We characterize the adhesion forces and dissect the influence of intermolecular interactions by probing the adhesion forces of single cells on different model substrates with tailored properties. Our experiments show that the flagella-mediated adhesion of Chlamydomonas to surfaces is largely substrate independent, enabling the cell to adhere to any type of surface. This universal adhesion mechanism allows the microalga to effectively colonize abiotic surfaces in their heterogeneous natural habitats. Our results reveal a dominant contribution of electrostatic interactions governing microalgal adhesion and suggest that flagella membrane processes may cause significant variations of the adhesive properties of the flagella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Titus Kreis
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPIDS), Am Faßberg 17, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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26
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Alam F, Kumar S, Varadarajan KM. Quantification of Adhesion Force of Bacteria on the Surface of Biomaterials: Techniques and Assays. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2093-2110. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alam
- Biomaterials Processing and Characterization Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Shanmugam Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Kartik M. Varadarajan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, A-111, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harris Orthopaedics Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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Cheng Y, Feng G, Moraru CI. Micro- and Nanotopography Sensitive Bacterial Attachment Mechanisms: A Review. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:191. [PMID: 30846973 PMCID: PMC6393346 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial attachment to material surfaces can lead to the development of biofilms that cause severe economic and health problems. The outcome of bacterial attachment is determined by a combination of bacterial sensing of material surfaces by the cell and the physicochemical factors in the near-surface environment. This paper offers a systematic review of the effects of surface topography on a range of antifouling mechanisms, with a focus on how topographical scale, from micro- to nanoscale, may influence bacterial sensing of and attachment to material surfaces. A good understanding of these mechanisms can facilitate the development of antifouling surfaces based on surface topography, with applications in various sectors of human life and activity including healthcare, food, and water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Carmen I. Moraru
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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28
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Yang Q, Park H, Nguyen TN, Rhoads JF, Lee A, Bentley RT, Judy JW, Lee H. Anti-biofouling implantable catheter using thin-film magnetic microactuators. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2018; 273:1694-1704. [PMID: 34276138 PMCID: PMC8281922 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Here we report on the development of polyimide-based flexible magnetic actuators for actively combating biofouling that occurs in many chronically implanted devices. The thin-film flexible devices are microfabricated and integrated into a single-pore silicone catheter to demonstrate a proof-of-concept for a self-clearing smart catheter. The static and dynamic mechanical responses of the thin-film magnetic microdevices were quantitatively measured and compared to theoretical values. The mechanical fatigue properties of these polyimide-based microdevices were also characterized up to 300 million cycles. Finally, the biofouling removal capabilities of magnetically powered microdevices were demonstrated using bovine serum albumin and bioconjugated microbeads. Our results indicate that these thin-film microdevices are capable of significantly reducing the amount of biofouling. At the same time, we demonstrated that these microdevices are mechanically robust enough to withstand a large number of actuation cycles during its chronic implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hyunsu Park
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tran N.H. Nguyen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jeffrey F. Rhoads
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Albert Lee
- Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - R. Timothy Bentley
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jack W. Judy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nanoscience Institute for Medical and Engineering Technologies University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Hyowon Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Corresponding author at: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. (H. Lee)
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29
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Comparative Analysis of Attachment to Chalcopyrite of Three Mesophilic Iron and/or Sulfur-Oxidizing Acidophiles. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8090406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion plays an important role in bacterial dissolution of metal sulfides, since the attached cells initiate the dissolution. In addition, biofilms, forming after bacterial attachment, enhance the dissolution. In this study, interactions between initial adhesion force, attachment behavior and copper recovery were comparatively analyzed for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans during bioleaching of chalcopyrite. The adhesion forces between bacteria and minerals were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). L. ferrooxidans had the largest adhesion force and attached best to chalcopyrite, while A. ferrooxidans exhibited the highest bioleaching of chalcopyrite. The results suggest that the biofilm formation, rather than the initial adhesion, is positively correlated with bioleaching efficiency.
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30
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Shen L, Ding HM, Ma YQ. Computational Design of a Functionalized Substrate for Capturing Nanoparticles with Specific Size and Shape. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:9829-9835. [PMID: 30056705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The efficient capture of nanoscopic particulates plays a key role in many scientific fields like filtration and fabrication of nanocomposites as well as biosensors. In this work, we design two types of nanosubstrates to capture the nanoparticle with specific property by using Brownian dynamics simulations. It is found that the substrate coated with copolymers (composed of nonspecific block and specific block) can be used to capture the nanoparticle with different sizes but its capture efficiency of nanoparticles with different shapes is very low. To overcome such problem, the other substrate containing shaped holes is also designed. By conducting a serial of control simulations, we find that the nonspecific polymers at the bottom and on the rim of the hole have great impact on the sensitive capture. The present study may provide some physical insights into the experimental design of nanodevices in real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shen
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology , Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
| | - Hong-Ming Ding
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology , Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ma
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology , Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
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31
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Cross BW, Ruhl S. Glycan recognition at the saliva - oral microbiome interface. Cell Immunol 2018; 333:19-33. [PMID: 30274839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The mouth is a first critical interface where most potentially harmful substances or pathogens contact the host environment. Adaptive and innate immune defense mechanisms are established there to inactivate or eliminate pathogenic microbes that traverse the oral environment on the way to their target organs and tissues. Protein and glycoprotein components of saliva play a particularly important role in modulating the oral microbiota and helping with the clearance of pathogens. It has long been acknowledged that glycobiological and glycoimmunological aspects play a pivotal role in oral host-microbe, microbe-host, and microbe-microbe interactions in the mouth. In this review, we aim to delineate how glycan-mediated host defense mechanisms in the oral cavity support human health. We will describe the role of glycans attached to large molecular size salivary glycoproteins which act as a first line of primordial host defense in the human mouth. We will further discuss how glycan recognition contributes to both colonization and clearance of oral microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Cross
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Stefan Ruhl
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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32
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The Effect of Select Personal Care Ingredients and Simple Formulations on the Attachment of Bacteria on Polystyrene. COSMETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics5030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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33
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Hetrodt F, Lausch J, Meyer-Lueckel H, Apel C, Conrads G. Natural saliva as an adjuvant in a secondary caries model based on Streptococcus mutans. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 90:138-143. [PMID: 29614462 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two factors for secondary caries formation were evaluated using an artificial biofilm model, saliva as additive in culture medium and bonding procedures of composite materials for artificial gap creation. DESIGN Standardized cavities were prepared in bovine tooth samples (n = 44), treated with two different bonding pretreatments, restored and after artificial ageing incubated with Streptococcus mutans in a Mueller-Hinton-Broth-Sugar medium with or without human saliva for seven days. Secondary caries formation was analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and transversal microradiography. RESULTS Lesions were significantly pronounced in groups using saliva, but were not influenced by the bonding pretreatments. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the addition of saliva, but not the type of bonding procedure influences the outcome in the present biofilm-based secondary caries model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hetrodt
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Julian Lausch
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Apel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute of RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Georg Conrads
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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Bikker FJ, Hoogenkamp MA, Malhaoui A, Nazmi K, Neilands J, Krom BP. Phytosphingosine Prevents the Formation of Young Salivary Biofilms in vitro. Caries Res 2017; 52:7-13. [DOI: 10.1159/000480712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental biofilms are formed in a multistep process that is initiated by the adhesion of oral bacteria to the dental hard surface. As dental biofilms are associated with oral diseases their control is necessary in order to maintain oral health. Recently, it was revealed that phytosphingosine (PHS)-treated hydroxyapatite discs showed anti-adhesive activity in a static in vitro biofilm model against Streptococcus mutans. The goal of the present study was to further unravel the anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm properties of PHS in both static and dynamic in vitro biofilm models against a full salivary inoculum. After 3 h under static conditions, bacterial adherence on PHS-treated cover glass slides was reduced by 60% compared to the untreated surface. After 6 and 24 h under static conditions, no significant differences in bacterial adherence were observed between PHS-treated and untreated cover glass slides. However, under dynamic conditions, i.e., the presence of shear forces, virtually no bacterial adherence was observed for up to 16 h on PHS-coated surfaces. Besides, PHS showed a strong bactericidal activity on salivary biofilms. Treatment of a 3- and 6-h statically grown biofilm resulted in a 99 and 94% reduction of viable cells, respectively, which was effectuated within minutes. In principle, these anti-adherence and anti-biofilm properties make PHS a promising candidate ingredient for use in oral care products aimed at oral microbial control.
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Zhang R, Xia A, Ni L, Li F, Jin Z, Yang S, Jin F. Strong Shear Flow Persister Bacteria Resist Mechanical Washings on the Surfaces of Various Polymer Materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 1:e1700161. [PMID: 32646157 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Environmental bacteria persistently exist in hospitals and thereby often contaminate biomedical devices, which usually causes device-associated infections that have become a major cause of patient illness and death in the hospital. In this study, for the first time, the identification of strong shear flow persister (SSP) cells in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is reported. Unlike common persister cells that are highly tolerant to antibiotics, it is reported that the SSP cells can resist mechanical washings on the surfaces of various polymer materials and can form distinctive biofilms that are tolerant to high doses of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Most importantly, a general molecular mechanism is revealed by which an outer membrane protein crosslinks with polysaccharides to form gel-like adhesion complexes that can exert extremely strong adhesion strength (up to 50 N mm-2 ). Therefore, these findings are urgently required for ongoing research focused on preparing antifouling biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Aiguo Xia
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ni
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feixuan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fan Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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36
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Adhesion forces of the sea-water bacterium Paracoccus seriniphilus on titanium: Influence of microstructures and environmental conditions. Biointerphases 2017; 12:05G606. [PMID: 29108418 DOI: 10.1116/1.5002676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial attachment to surfaces is the first step of biofilm formation. This attachment is governed by adhesion forces which act between the bacterium and the substrate. Such forces can be measured by single cell force spectroscopy, where a single bacterium is attached to a cantilever of a scanning force microscope, and force-distance curves are measured. For the productive sea-water bacterium Paracoccus seriniphilus, pH dependent measurements reveal the highest adhesion forces at pH 4. Adhesion forces measured at salinities between 0% and 4.5% NaCl are in general higher for higher salinity. However, there is an exception for 0.9% where a higher adhesion force was measured than expected. These results are in line with zeta potential measurements of the bacterium, which also show an exceptionally low zeta potential at 0.9% NaCl. In the absence of macromolecular interactions, the adhesion forces are thus governed by (unspecific) electrostatic interactions, which can be adjusted by pH and ionic strength. It is further shown that microstructures on the titanium surface increase the adhesion force. Growth medium reduces the interaction forces dramatically, most probably through macromolecular bridging.
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Marsh PD, Do T, Beighton D, Devine DA. Influence of saliva on the oral microbiota. Periodontol 2000 2017; 70:80-92. [PMID: 26662484 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Saliva plays a major role in determining the composition and activity of the oral microbiota, via a variety of mechanisms. Molecules, mainly from saliva, form a conditioning film on oral surfaces, thus providing receptors for bacterial attachment. The attached cells use saliva components, such as glycoproteins, as their main source of nutrients for growth. Oral bacteria work sequentially and in a concerted manner to catabolize these structurally complex molecules. Saliva also buffers the pH in the biofilm to around neutrality, creating an environment which is conducive to the growth of many oral bacteria that provide important benefits to the host. Components of the adaptive and innate host defences are delivered by saliva, and these often function synergistically, and at sublethal concentrations, so a complex relationship develops between the host and the resident microbiota. Dysbiosis can occur rapidly if the flow of saliva is perturbed.
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Unusually high mechanical stability of bacterial adhesin extender domains having calcium clamps. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174682. [PMID: 28376122 PMCID: PMC5380327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To gain insight into the relationship between protein structure and mechanical stability, single molecule force spectroscopy experiments on proteins with diverse structure and topology are needed. Here, we measured the mechanical stability of extender domains of two bacterial adhesins MpAFP and MhLap, in an atomic force microscope. We find that both proteins are remarkably stable to pulling forces between their N- and C- terminal ends. At a pulling speed of 1 μm/s, the MpAFP extender domain fails at an unfolding force Fu = 348 ± 37 pN and MhLap at Fu = 306 ± 51 pN in buffer with 10 mM Ca2+. These forces place both extender domains well above the mechanical stability of many other β-sandwich domains in mechanostable proteins. We propose that the increased stability of MpAFP and MhLap is due to a combination of both hydrogen bonding between parallel terminal strands and intra-molecular coordination of calcium ions.
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Azevedo AS, Almeida C, Melo LF, Azevedo NF. Impact of polymicrobial biofilms in catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Crit Rev Microbiol 2016; 43:423-439. [PMID: 28033847 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2016.1240656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated that most biofilms involved in catheter-associated urinary tract infections are polymicrobial communities, with pathogenic microorganisms (e.g. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and uncommon microorganisms (e.g. Delftia tsuruhatensis, Achromobacter xylosoxidans) frequently co-inhabiting the same urinary catheter. However, little is known about the interactions that occur between different microorganisms and how they impact biofilm formation and infection outcome. This lack of knowledge affects CAUTIs management as uncommon bacteria action can, for instance, influence the rate at which pathogens adhere and grow, as well as affect the overall biofilm resistance to antibiotics. Another relevant aspect is the understanding of factors that drive a single pathogenic bacterium to become prevalent in a polymicrobial community and subsequently cause infection. In this review, a general overview about the IMDs-associated biofilm infections is provided, with an emphasis on the pathophysiology and the microbiome composition of CAUTIs. Based on the available literature, it is clear that more research about the microbiome interaction, mechanisms of biofilm formation and of antimicrobial tolerance of the polymicrobial consortium are required to better understand and treat these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S Azevedo
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, and Energy and Biotechnology Engineering (LEPABE), University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Carina Almeida
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, and Energy and Biotechnology Engineering (LEPABE), University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IBB), Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho , Braga , Portugal
| | - Luís F Melo
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, and Energy and Biotechnology Engineering (LEPABE), University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Nuno F Azevedo
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, and Energy and Biotechnology Engineering (LEPABE), University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
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Zancopé BR, Dainezi VB, Nobre-Dos-Santos M, Duarte S, Pardi V, Murata RM. Effects of CO 2 laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation-an in vitro study. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2458. [PMID: 27833792 PMCID: PMC5101588 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A carbon dioxide (CO2) laser has been used to morphologically and chemically modify the dental enamel surface as well as to make it more resistant to demineralization. Despite a variety of experiments demonstrating the inhibitory effect of a CO2 laser in reduce enamel demineralization, little is known about the effect of surface irradiated on bacterial growth. Thus, this in vitro study was preformed to evaluate the biofilm formation on enamel previously irradiated with a CO2 laser (λ = 10.6 µM). METHODS For this in vitro study, 96 specimens of bovine enamel were employed, which were divided into two groups (n = 48): 1) Control-non-irradiated surface and 2) Irradiated enamel surface. Biofilms were grown on the enamel specimens by one, three and five days under intermittent cariogenic condition in the irradiated and non-irradiated surface. In each assessment time, the biofilm were evaluated by dry weigh, counting the number of viable colonies and, in fifth day, were evaluated by polysaccharides analysis, quantitative real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as well as by contact angle. In addition, the morphology of biofilms was characterized by fluorescence microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Initially, the assumptions of equal variances and normal distribution of errors were conferred and the results are analyzed statistically by t-test and Mann Whitney test. RESULTS The mean of log CFU/mL obtained for the one-day biofilm evaluation showed that there is statistical difference between the experimental groups. When biofilms were exposed to the CO2 laser, CFU/mL and CFU/dry weight in three day was reduced significantly compared with control group. The difference in the genes expression (Glucosyltransferases (gtfB) and Glucan-binding protein (gbpB)) and polysaccharides was not statically significant. Contact angle was increased relative to control when the surface was irradiated with the CO2 laser. Similar morphology was also visible with both treatments; however, the irradiated group revealed evidence of melting and fusion in the specimens. CONCLUSION In conclusion, CO2 laser irradiation modifies the energy surface and disrupts the initial biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Raquel Zancopé
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP , Piracicaba, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Vanessa B Dainezi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP , Piracicaba, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP , Piracicaba, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Sillas Duarte
- Division of Restorative Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California , USA
| | - Vanessa Pardi
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California , USA
| | - Ramiro M Murata
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University , Greenville, North Carolina , USA
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Golda-Cepa M, Syrek K, Brzychczy-Wloch M, Sulka G, Kotarba A. Primary role of electron work function for evaluation of nanostructured titania implant surface against bacterial infection. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 66:100-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Drago L, Bortolin M, De Vecchi E, Agrappi S, Weinstein RL, Mattina R, Francetti L. Antibiofilm activity of sandblasted and laser-modified titanium against microorganisms isolated from peri-implantitis lesions. J Chemother 2016; 28:383-9. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2016.1158489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Drago
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Technical Sciences for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Bortolin
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena De Vecchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serse Agrappi
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto L. Weinstein
- Research Centre in Oral Implantology, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Dental Clinic, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Mattina
- Department of Public Health, Microbiology and Virology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Francetti
- Research Centre in Oral Implantology, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Dental Clinic, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
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Ostvar S, Wood BD. Multiscale Model Describing Bacterial Adhesion and Detachment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5213-5222. [PMID: 27129780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial surfaces are complex structures with nontrivial adhesive properties. The physics of bacterial adhesion deviates from that of ideal colloids as a result of cell-surface roughness and because of the mechanical properties of the polymers covering the cell surface. In the present study, we develop a simple multiscale model for the interplay between the potential energy functions that characterize the cell surface biopolymers and their interaction with the extracellular environment. We then use the model to study a discrete network of bonds in the presence of significant length heterogeneities in cell-surface polymers. The model we present is able to generate force curves (both approach and retraction) that closely resemble those measured experimentally. Our results show that even small-length-scale heterogeneities can lead to macroscopically nonlinear behavior that is qualitatively and quantitatively different from the homogeneous case. We also report on the energetic consequences of such structural heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sassan Ostvar
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Brian D Wood
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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44
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Terms of endearment: Bacteria meet graphene nanosurfaces. Biomaterials 2016; 89:38-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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King JE, Roberts IS. Bacterial Surfaces: Front Lines in Host-Pathogen Interaction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 915:129-56. [PMID: 27193542 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32189-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
All bacteria are bound by at least one membrane that acts as a barrier between the cell's interior and the outside environment. Surface components within and attached to the cell membrane are essential for ensuring that the overall homeostasis of the cell is maintained. However, many surface components of the bacterial cell also have an indispensable role mediating interactions of the bacteria with their immediate environment and as such are essential to the pathogenesis of infectious disease. During the course of an infection, bacterial pathogens will encounter many different ecological niches where environmental conditions such as salinity, temperature, pH, and the availability of nutrients fluctuate. It is the bacterial cell surface that is at the front-line of these host-pathogen interactions often protecting the bacterium from hostile surroundings but at the same time playing a critical role in the adherence to host tissues promoting colonization and subsequent infection. To deal effectively with the changing environments that pathogens may encounter in different ecological niches within the host many of the surface components of the bacterial cell are subject to phenotypic variation resulting in heterogeneous subpopulations of bacteria within the clonal population. This dynamic phenotypic heterogeneity ensures that at least a small fraction of the population will be adapted for a particular circumstance should it arise. Diversity within the clonal population has often been masked by studies on entire bacterial populations where it was often assumed genes were expressed in a uniform manner. This chapter, therefore, aims to highlight the non-uniformity in certain cell surface structures and will discuss the implication of this heterogeneity in bacterial-host interaction. Some of the recent advances in studying bacterial surface structures at the single cell level will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E King
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ian S Roberts
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Herman-Bausier P, Formosa-Dague C, Feuillie C, Valotteau C, Dufrêne YF. Forces guiding staphylococcal adhesion. J Struct Biol 2015; 197:65-69. [PMID: 26707623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are two important nosocomial pathogens that form biofilms on indwelling medical devices. Biofilm infections are difficult to fight as cells within the biofilm show increased resistance to antibiotics. Our understanding of the molecular interactions driving bacterial adhesion, the first stage of biofilm formation, has long been hampered by the paucity of appropriate force-measuring techniques. In this minireview, we discuss how atomic force microscopy techniques have enabled to shed light on the molecular forces at play during staphylococcal adhesion. Specific highlights include the study of the binding mechanisms of adhesion molecules by means of single-molecule force spectroscopy, the measurement of the forces involved in whole cell interactions using single-cell force spectroscopy, and the probing of the nanobiophysical properties of living bacteria via multiparametric imaging. Collectively, these findings emphasize the notion that force and function are tightly connected in staphylococcal adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Herman-Bausier
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences, Croix du Sud 4-5, bte L7.07.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Cécile Formosa-Dague
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences, Croix du Sud 4-5, bte L7.07.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Cécile Feuillie
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences, Croix du Sud 4-5, bte L7.07.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Claire Valotteau
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences, Croix du Sud 4-5, bte L7.07.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Yves F Dufrêne
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences, Croix du Sud 4-5, bte L7.07.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Belgium.
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Hoffman MD, Zucker LI, Brown PJB, Kysela DT, Brun YV, Jacobson SC. Timescales and Frequencies of Reversible and Irreversible Adhesion Events of Single Bacterial Cells. Anal Chem 2015; 87:12032-9. [PMID: 26496389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In the environment, most bacteria form surface-attached cell communities called biofilms. The attachment of single cells to surfaces involves an initial reversible stage typically mediated by surface structures such as flagella and pili, followed by a permanent adhesion stage usually mediated by polysaccharide adhesives. Here, we determine the absolute and relative timescales and frequencies of reversible and irreversible adhesion of single cells of the bacterium Caulobacter crescentus to a glass surface in a microfluidic device. We used fluorescence microscopy of C. crescentus expressing green fluorescent protein to track the swimming behavior of individual cells prior to adhesion, monitor the cell at the surface, and determine whether the cell reversibly or irreversibly adhered to the surface. A fluorescently labeled lectin that binds specifically to polar polysaccharides, termed holdfast, discriminated irreversible adhesion events from reversible adhesion events where no holdfast formed. In wild-type cells, the holdfast production time for irreversible adhesion events initiated by surface contact (23 s) was 30-times faster than the holdfast production time that occurs through developmental regulation (13 min). Irreversible adhesion events in wild-type cells (3.3 events/min) are 15-times more frequent than in pilus-minus mutant cells (0.2 events/min), indicating the pili are critical structures in the transition from reversible to irreversible surface-stimulated adhesion. In reversible adhesion events, the dwell time of cells at the surface before departing was the same for wild-type cells (12 s) and pilus-minus mutant cells (13 s), suggesting the pili do not play a significant role in reversible adhesion. Moreover, reversible adhesion events in wild-type cells (6.8 events/min) occur twice as frequently as irreversible adhesion events (3.3 events/min), demonstrating that most cells contact the surface multiple times before transitioning from reversible to irreversible adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Lauren I Zucker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Pamela J B Brown
- Department of Biology, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - David T Kysela
- Department of Biology, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Yves V Brun
- Department of Biology, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Stephen C Jacobson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Extracellular DNA Acidifies Biofilms and Induces Aminoglycoside Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60:544-53. [PMID: 26552982 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01650-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms consist of surface-adhered bacterial communities encased in an extracellular matrix composed of DNA, exopolysaccharides, and proteins. Extracellular DNA (eDNA) has a structural role in the formation of biofilms, can bind and shield biofilms from aminoglycosides, and induces antimicrobial peptide resistance mechanisms. Here, we provide evidence that eDNA is responsible for the acidification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa planktonic cultures and biofilms. Further, we show that acidic pH and acidification via eDNA constitute a signal that is perceived by P. aeruginosa to induce the expression of genes regulated by the PhoPQ and PmrAB two-component regulatory systems. Planktonic P. aeruginosa cultured in exogenous 0.2% DNA or under acidic conditions demonstrates a 2- to 8-fold increase in aminoglycoside resistance. This resistance phenotype requires the aminoarabinose modification of lipid A and the production of spermidine on the bacterial outer membrane, which likely reduce the entry of aminoglycosides. Interestingly, the additions of the basic amino acid L-arginine and sodium bicarbonate neutralize the pH and restore P. aeruginosa susceptibility to aminoglycosides, even in the presence of eDNA. These data illustrate that the accumulation of eDNA in biofilms and infection sites can acidify the local environment and that acidic pH promotes the P. aeruginosa antibiotic resistance phenotype.
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Oliveira AS, Kaizer MR, Azevedo MS, Ogliari FA, Cenci MS, Moraes RR. (Super)hydrophobic coating of orthodontic dental devices and reduction of early oral biofilm retention. Biomed Mater 2015; 10:065004. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/6/065004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
The oral bacterial microbiome encompasses approximately 700 commonly occurring phylotypes, approximately half of which can be present at any time in any individual. These bacteria are largely indigenous to the oral cavity; this limited habitat range suggests that interactions between the various phylotypes, and between the phylotypes and their environment, are crucial for their existence. Molecular cataloging has confirmed many basic observations on the composition of the oral microbiome that were formulated well before ribosomal RNA-based systematics, but the power and the scope of molecular taxonomy have resulted in the discovery of new phylotypes and, more importantly, have made possible a level of bacterial community analysis that was unachievable with classical methods. Bacterial community structure varies with location within the mouth, and changes in community structure are related to disease initiation and disease progression. Factors that influence the formation and the evolution of communities include selective adherence to epithelial or tooth surfaces, specific cell-to-cell binding as a driver of early community composition, and interorganismal interaction leading to alteration of the local environment, which represents the first step on the road to oral disease. A comprehensive understanding of how these factors interact to drive changes in the composition of the oral microbial community can lead to new strategies for the inhibition of periodontal diseases and dental caries.
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