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Zaręba D, Ziarno M. Tween 80™-induced changes in fatty acid profile of selected mesophilic lactobacilli. Acta Biochim Pol 2024; 71:13014. [PMID: 39027262 PMCID: PMC11254618 DOI: 10.3389/abp.2024.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acid profiles are crucial for the functionality and viability of lactobacilli used in food applications. Tween 80™, a common culture media additive, is known to influence bacterial growth and composition. This study investigated how Tween 80™ supplementation impacts the fatty acid profiles of six mesophilic lactobacilli strains (Lacticaseibacillus spp., Limosilactobacillus spp., Lactiplantibacillus plantarum). Analysis of eleven strains revealed 29 distinct fatty acids. Tween 80™ supplementation significantly altered their fatty acid composition. Notably, there was a shift towards saturated fatty acids and changes within the unsaturated fatty acid profile. While some unsaturated fatty acids decreased, there was a concurrent rise in cyclic derivatives like lactobacillic acid (derived from vaccenic acid) and dihydrosterculic acid (derived from oleic acid). This suggests that despite the presence of Tween 80™ as an oleic acid source, lactobacilli prioritize the synthesis of these cyclic derivatives from precursor unsaturated fatty acids. Myristic acid and dihydrosterculic acid levels varied across strains. Interestingly, palmitic acid content increased, potentially reflecting enhanced incorporation of oleic acid from Tween 80™ into membranes. Conversely, cis-vaccenic acid levels consistently decreased across all strains. The observed fatty acid profiles differed from previous studies, likely due to a combination of factors including strain-specific variations and growth condition differences (media type, temperature, harvesting point). However, this study highlights the consistent impact of Tween 80™ on the fatty acid composition of lactobacilli, regardless of these variations. In conclusion, Tween 80™ significantly alters fatty acid profiles, influencing saturation levels and specific fatty acid proportions. This work reveals key factors, including stimulated synthesis of lactobacillic acid, competition for oleic acid incorporation, and strain-specific responses to myristic and dihydrosterculic acids. The consistent reduction in cis-vaccenic acid and the presence of cyclic derivatives warrant further investigation to elucidate their roles in response to Tween 80™ supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Zaręba
- Professor E. Pijanowski Catering School Complex in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Ziarno
- Institute of Food Science, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Ye Q, Lao L, Zhang A, Qin Y, Zong M, Pan D, Yang H, Wu Z. Multifunctional properties of the transmembrane LPxTG-motif protein derived from Limosilactobacillus reuteri SH-23. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8207-8220. [PMID: 37641365 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The LPxTG-motif protein is an important transmembrane protein with high hydrophilicity and stability, as evidenced by its stress tolerance and adhesion ability. In this study, a novel LPxTG-motif protein with esterase activity (LEP) was expressed, and the multifunctional properties such as adhesion properties and esterase activity were also investigated. When cocultured with Limosilactobacillus reuteri SH-23, the adhesion ability of L. reuteri SH-23 to HT-29 cells was improved, and this adhesion was further found relating to the potential target protein Pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM) of HT-29 cells. In addition, as a multifunctional protein, LEP can promote the hydrolysis of bovine milk lipids with its esterase activity, and the activity was enhanced in the presence of Zn2+ and Mn2+ at pH 7. Furthermore, the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid were found to increase during the hydrolyzing process. These unique properties of LEP provide a comprehensive understanding of the adhesion function and PUFA releasing properties of the multifunctional protein derived from L. reuteri SH-23 and shed light on the beneficial effect of this Lactobacillus strain on the colonization of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Lao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yiman Qin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Manli Zong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Daodong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
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3
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Ziarno M, Zaręba D, Ścibisz I, Kozłowska M. Exploring the Cholesterol-Modifying Abilities of Lactobacilli Cells in Digestive Models and Dairy Products. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1478. [PMID: 37374980 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the ability of lactic acid bacteria to remove cholesterol in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. The findings showed that the amount of cholesterol removed was dependent on the biomass, viability, and bacterial strain. Some cholesterol binding was stable and not released during gastrointestinal transit. The presence of cholesterol affected the fatty acid profile of bacterial cells, potentially influencing their metabolism and functioning. However, adding cholesterol did not significantly impact the survival of lactic acid bacteria during gastrointestinal transit. Storage time, passage, and bacterial culture type did not show significant effects on cholesterol content in fermented dairy products. Variations in cell survival were observed among lactic acid bacteria strains in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, depending on the environment. Higher milk protein content was found to be more protective for bacterial cells during gastrointestinal transit than fat content. Future research should aim to better understand the impact of cholesterol on lactic acid bacteria metabolism and identify potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Ziarno
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Zaręba
- Professor E. Pijanowski Catering School Complex in Warsaw, 04-110 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Ścibisz
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariola Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Castro DC, Smith KW, Norsworthy MD, Rubakhin SS, Weisbrod CR, Hendrickson CL, Sweedler JV. Single-Cell and Subcellular Analysis Using Ultrahigh Resolution 21 T MALDI FTICR Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6980-6988. [PMID: 37070980 PMCID: PMC10190686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian brain contains ∼20,000 distinct lipid species that contribute to its structural organization and function. The lipid profiles of cells change in response to a variety of cellular signals and environmental conditions that result in modulation of cell function through alteration of phenotype. The limited sample material combined with the vast chemical diversity of lipids makes comprehensive lipid profiling of individual cells challenging. Here, we leverage the resolving power of a 21 T Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer for chemical characterization of individual hippocampal cells at ultrahigh mass resolution. The accuracy of the acquired data allowed differentiation of freshly isolated and cultured hippocampal cell populations, as well as finding differences in lipids between the soma and neuronal processes of the same cell. Differences in lipids include TG 42:2 observed solely in the cell bodies and SM 34:1;O2 found only in the cellular processes. The work represents the first mammalian single cells analyzed at ultrahigh resolution and is an advance in the performance of mass spectrometry (MS) for single-cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Castro
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Karl W. Smith
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1801 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States
| | - Miles D. Norsworthy
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 United States
| | - Stanislav S. Rubakhin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana IL 61801, United States
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Chad R. Weisbrod
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1801 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States
| | - Christopher L. Hendrickson
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1801 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana IL 61801, United States
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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5
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How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122456. [PMID: 35745186 PMCID: PMC9227967 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, contributing to human health. Nevertheless, some factors (sex, age, lifestyle, physical activity, drug-based therapies, diet, etc.) affect its composition and functionality, linked to pathologies and immunological diseases. Concerning diet, it interacts with microorganisms, leading to beneficial or detrimental outcomes for the health of host. On the other hand, physical activity is known to be useful for preventing and, sometimes, treating several diseases of cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, respiratory, and muscular systems. This paper focuses on diet and physical activity presenting the current knowledge about how different diets (Western, ketogenic, vegan, gluten free, Mediterranean) as well as different types of exercise (intensive, endurance, aerobic) could shape gut microbiota.
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de Raad M, Li YV, Kuehl JV, Andeer PF, Kosina SM, Hendrickson A, Saichek NR, Golini AN, Han LZ, Wang Y, Bowen BP, Deutschbauer AM, Arkin AP, Chakraborty R, Northen TR. A Defined Medium for Cultivation and Exometabolite Profiling of Soil Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:855331. [PMID: 35694313 PMCID: PMC9174792 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.855331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exometabolomics is an approach to assess how microorganisms alter, or react to their environments through the depletion and production of metabolites. It allows the examination of how soil microbes transform the small molecule metabolites within their environment, which can be used to study resource competition and cross-feeding. This approach is most powerful when used with defined media that enable tracking of all metabolites. However, microbial growth media have traditionally been developed for the isolation and growth of microorganisms but not metabolite utilization profiling through Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Here, we describe the construction of a defined medium, the Northen Lab Defined Medium (NLDM), that not only supports the growth of diverse soil bacteria but also is defined and therefore suited for exometabolomic experiments. Metabolites included in NLDM were selected based on their presence in R2A medium and soil, elemental stoichiometry requirements, as well as knowledge of metabolite usage by different bacteria. We found that NLDM supported the growth of 108 of the 110 phylogenetically diverse (spanning 36 different families) soil bacterial isolates tested and all of its metabolites were trackable through LC–MS/MS analysis. These results demonstrate the viability and utility of the constructed NLDM medium for growing and characterizing diverse microbial isolates and communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus de Raad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Yifan V. Li
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer V. Kuehl
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Peter F. Andeer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Suzanne M. Kosina
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Andrew Hendrickson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas R. Saichek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Amber N. Golini
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - La Zhen Han
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Benjamin P. Bowen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Adam M. Deutschbauer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Adam P. Arkin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Romy Chakraborty
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Trent R. Northen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Trent R. Northen,
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7
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Glucosylceramide Changes Bacterial Metabolism and Increases Gram-Positive Bacteria through Tolerance to Secondary Bile Acids In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105300. [PMID: 35628110 PMCID: PMC9141989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosylceramide is present in many foods, such as crops and fermented foods. Most glucosylceramides are not degraded or absorbed in the small intestine and pass through the large intestine. Glucosylceramide exerts versatile effects on colon tumorigenesis, skin moisture, cholesterol metabolism and improvement of intestinal microbes in vivo. However, the mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated. To gain insight into the effect of glucosylceramide on intestinal microbes, glucosylceramide was anaerobically incubated with the dominant intestinal microbe, Blautia coccoides, and model intestinal microbes. The metabolites of the cultured broth supplemented with glucosylceramide were significantly different from those of broth not treated with glucosylceramide. The number of Gram-positive bacteria was significantly increased upon the addition of glucosylceramide compared to that in the control. Glucosylceramide endows intestinal microbes with tolerance to secondary bile acid. These results first demonstrated that glucosylceramide plays a role in the modification of intestinal microbes.
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Houttu N, Mokkala K, Saleem WT, Virtanen S, Juhila J, Koivuniemi E, Pellonperä O, Tertti K, Luokola P, Sorsa T, Salonen A, Lahti L, Laitinen K. Potential pathobionts in vaginal microbiota are affected by fish oil and/or probiotics intervention in overweight and obese pregnant women. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112841. [PMID: 35344737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
New means to stabilize the microbial balance during pregnancy could benefit maternal health. Our objectives were to investigate in overweight/obese pregnant women 1) the impact of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (fish oil) and/or probiotics on the vaginal microbiota, 2) its relation to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 3) its interaction with vaginal active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (phIGFBP-1), IGFBP-1 and aMMP-8. The women were allocated to fish oil + placebo, probiotics + placebo, fish oil + probiotics and placebo + placebo-groups, from early pregnancy onwards (fish oil: 1.9 g docosahexaenoic acid and 0.22 g eicosapentaenoic acid; probiotics: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 (formerly Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001) and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420, 1010 colony-forming units each). Vaginal and serum samples (early pregnancy, n = 112; late pregnancy, n = 116), were analyzed for vaginal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and vaginal aMMP-8 and serum hsCRP, aMMP-8, phIGFBP-1 and IGFBP-1 by immunoassays. GDM was diagnosed from a 2-h 75 g OGTT. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01922791. The intervention exerted effects on many low-abundant bacteria. Compared to the placebo-group, there was a lower abundance of potential pathobionts, namely Ureaplasma urealyticum in the fish oil-group, Ureaplasma, U. urealyticum and Prevotella disiens in the probiotics-group, Dialister invisus and Prevotella timonensis in the fish oil + probiotics-group. Moreover, probiotics decreased the abundance of a few potential pathobionts during pregnancy. Many bacteria were related to GDM. The vaginal aMMP-8 level correlated significantly with α-diversity and inversely with two Lactobacillus species. Dietary interventions, especially probiotics, may have beneficial effects on the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Houttu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Kati Mokkala
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Wisam Tariq Saleem
- Department of Computing, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Seppo Virtanen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ella Koivuniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Outi Pellonperä
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kristiina Tertti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Aditya A, Li Y, Biswas D. Antagonistic Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acids of Lactobacillus casei against Foodborne Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. J Food Prot 2022; 85:712-719. [PMID: 35113991 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Probiotics in fermented foods or commercially available supplements benefit the host by providing metabolites and peptides. The production of these metabolites varies with the available substrates or prebiotics present in the system and their concentration. In this study, 0.5% peanut flour (PF) was used to stimulate the growth and production of metabolites of wild-type Lactobacillus casei (LCwt) and compare with an engineered L. casei (LCCLA) capable of converting a higher amount of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The total extracellular metabolites present in the cell-free cultural supernatant (CFCS) of LCwt (without peanut), LCwt+PF (with peanut), and LCCLA were collected after 24 and 48 h of incubation, and their antagonistic activities against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC EDL933) growth and pathogenesis were evaluated. All collected metabolites exhibited varying efficiency in restraining EHEC EDL933 growth, whereas supplementing a low concentration of CLA to the 48-h CFCS from LCwt showed augmented antagonism toward EHEC EDL933. A downregulation of key virulence genes was observed from metabolites collected at the 48-h time point. These observations indicate that the presence of metabolites in CFCSs-including CLA, which is produced by Lactobacillus and was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-plays a critical role. This study demonstrates the potential applicability of Lactobacillus-originated CLA in the prevention of EHEC EDL933-mediated illnesses. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Aditya
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.,Biological Sciences Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.,Centre for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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10
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Influence of Consistency and Composition of Growth Medium on Surface Physicochemical Properties of Streptomyces. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.3.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces are known for their ability to produce various secondary metabolites used in biotechnology, human medicine and agriculture. Understanding of surface properties is very interesting in the control of interfacial phenomena. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of consistency and composition of growth medium on the physicochemical properties of the surface of Streptomyces strains. To achieve this objective, Six Streptomyces strains belonging to bioprocess and bio-interfaces laboratory are cultivated in two media Bennett (rich) and GBA (minimum). Both media are tested in solid (agar) and liquid (broth) mode. The wettability θw, electron donor character ˠ (-), electron acceptor character ˠ (+) and Surface free energy ΔGiwi are determined using contact angle measurements. On the two solid media Bennett and GBA, Streptomyces strains develop a hydrophobic surface (96.9° <θw<167.9°) with a weak electron donor character (0.3 mJm-2 < (ˠ (-)) <12.14 mJm-2) and a strong electron acceptor character (0.26 mJm-2 < ˠ (+) < 17.8 mJm-2) and a negative surface free energy ((- 11.8 mJm-2) < ΔGiwi < (-110 mJm-2)). Whereas on both Bennett and GBA liquid media, the surfaces of Streptomyces strains are generally hydrophilic (1.3° < θw < 9.33°) with a strong electron donor character (13.76 mJm-2 < ( ˠ (-)) < 70.06 mJm-2) and a positive surface free energy. By changing the composition of the culture medium, only a slight change in the degree of hydrophobicity and surface free energy of Streptomyces is observed. Regarding the effect of medium composition on the surface properties of Streptomyces, the degree of wettability and the values of surface free energy are no longer the same when the composition of the medium changes. These results could be applied in further studies interested in interfacial phenomena and microbial adhesion in biotechnological fields.
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11
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Aziz T, Sarwar A, Ud Din J, Al Dalali S, Khan AA, Din ZU, Yang Z. Biotransformation of linoleic acid into different metabolites by food derived Lactobacillus plantarum 12-3 and in silico characterization of relevant reactions. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110470. [PMID: 34399468 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria have been reported to be capable of converting polyunsaturated fatty acids, e.g. linoleic acid (LA) into bioactive and other fatty acid metabolites that are not toxic to the bacteria themselves, but the mechanism of this conversion is not clear. Here we reported for the first time that probiotic L. plantarum 12-3 derived from Tibet kefir when supplemented with LA from 1% to 10% in the MRS medium transformed LA to various fatty acid derivatives. These derivatives formed in the medium were identified with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. In silico studies were done to confirm the enzymatic reactions responsible for this conversion. We found that L. plantarum 12-3 could convert LA at different concentrations to 8 different fatty acid derivatives. Putative candidate enzymes involved in biotransformation of LA into fatty acid derivatives were identified via whole genome of L. plantarum 12-3, including linoleate isomerase, acetoacetate decarboxylase and dehydrogenase. Therefore, the present study provides further understanding of the mechanism of conversion of LA to health-beneficial fatty acid metabolites in probiotic L. plantarum, which can be explored for potential application in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Aziz
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Abid Sarwar
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jalal Ud Din
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Sam Al Dalali
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ayaz Ali Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, KP 18800, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ud Din
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federeal de Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Zhennai Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
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Pepoyan AZ, Manvelyan AM, Balayan MH, Galstyan S, Tsaturyan VV, Grigoryan B, Chikindas ML. Low-Dose Electron-Beam Irradiation for the Improvement of Biofilm Formation by Probiotic Lactobacilli. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:667-671. [PMID: 31218543 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of 50-150 gray electron-beam irradiation on the biofilm-formation ability and cell surface hydrophobicity of the commercial strain, Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS®-1, from Lacto-G (a marketed synbiotic formulation) and the putative probiotic, L. rhamnosus Vahe, were evaluated. No significant changes in cell surface hydrophobicity were found after irradiation, while increases in biofilm-formation abilities were documented for both investigated microorganisms 0.22 ± 0.03 vs. 0.149 ± 0.02 (L. rhamnosus Vahe, 150 Gy) and 0.218 ± 0.021 vs. 0.17 ± 0.012 (L. acidophilus DDS®-1, 150 Gy). Given this, the use of electron-beam irradiation (50-100 Gy) for the treatment of L. rhamnosus Vahe and L. acidophilus DDS®-1 cells may be considered in product sterilization, quality improvement, and packaging practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astghik Z Pepoyan
- Department of Food Safety and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Teryan 74, 0009, Yerevan, Armenia. .,International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Azatutyan 11, 0037, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Anahit M Manvelyan
- Department of Food Safety and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Teryan 74, 0009, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Marine H Balayan
- Department of Food Safety and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Teryan 74, 0009, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | | | | | - Michael L Chikindas
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
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Faccinetto-Beltrán P, Gómez-Fernández AR, Orozco-Sánchez NE, Pérez-Carrillo E, Marín-Obispo LM, Hernández-Brenes C, Santacruz A, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Acceptability of a Next-Generation Functional Chocolate Added with Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Probiotics. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020333. [PMID: 33557241 PMCID: PMC7913986 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a milk chocolate formulation was developed to serve as vehicle of Omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and probiotics (L. plantarum 299v and L. rhamnosus GG). Fish oil (FO) was incorporated in chocolate as a source of ω3 PUFAs. Probiotics (Prob) and FO were added during tempering, obtaining chocolates with 76.0 ± 5.2 mg (FO1) or 195.8 ± 6.5 mg (FO2) of ω3 PUFAs, and >1 × 106 CFU of Prob per chocolate portion (12 g). The physicochemical properties (rheological analysis, texture, surface instrumental color, aw, and fatty acid profile), and sensory acceptability of the formulations were determined. Prob and FO generated a decrease in L* and white index (WI) values. Except for Prob + FO2, all treatments showed a decrease in aw. Rheological parameters of FO1 and Prob + FO1 presented the most similar behavior as compared with the control. Prob or FO1 addition did not affect the overall consumer’s acceptability of chocolate; and when both nutraceuticals were combined (Prob + FO1) the product showed adequate overall acceptability. FO2 formulations were not considered adequate to maintain physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of chocolate. Results indicated that milk chocolate is a suitable vehicle for delivering ω3 PUFAs and Prob, which are essential to enhance cognitive development in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulinna Faccinetto-Beltrán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico; (P.F.-B.); (A.R.G.-F.)
| | - Andrea R. Gómez-Fernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico; (P.F.-B.); (A.R.G.-F.)
| | - Norma E. Orozco-Sánchez
- Escuela Mexicana de Confitería y Chocolatería, Melchor Ocampo 926, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78280, SLP, Mexico;
| | - Esther Pérez-Carrillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Luis Martín Marín-Obispo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Carmen Hernández-Brenes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Arlette Santacruz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico; (P.F.-B.); (A.R.G.-F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-818-358-2000 (ext. 4821)
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14
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Zhang L, García-Cano I, Jiménez-Flores R. Effect of milk phospholipids on the growth and cryotolerance of lactic acid bacteria cultured and stored in acid whey-based media. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:36-40. [PMID: 36341147 PMCID: PMC9623805 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Acidification activity is retained by adding milk phospholipids to acid whey-based medium Retention of activity (as rate of lactic acid production) is relevant to cryoprotection studies Acid whey from cottage cheese production is a good medium for preserving frozen cultures
Increasing interest in foods beyond their nutritional value has promoted the development of various novel functional foods that could convey multiple health benefits to consumers. The application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and milk phospholipids (MPL) in combination has shown some amplifying effects on the health benefits provided by both ingredients. Freezing is commonly used in LAB preservation and storage. However, the freezing/thawing process damages cell membranes and leads to a loss in viability and functionality of LAB. This study aimed to investigate the influence of MPL on growth and cryotolerance of LAB using acid whey-based medium (AWM) supplemented with 0.5% MPL. Fourteen LAB strains were initially screened from 124 LAB using acid whey-based medium (AW). We then evaluated the cell viability and acidification ability, using the plate counting method and skim milk fermentation test, respectively, of the 14 strains cultured in AW and AWM before and after 3 cycles of freezing/thawing. The presence of 0.5% MPL in AWM significantly promoted the growth of LAB. Supplementing the culture and storage medium with 0.5% MPL significantly enhanced the resistance of selected LAB to freeze-thaw cycles in terms of cell viability and acidification ability. These results suggest that supplementing with 0.5% MPL might promote the growth of LAB and enhance the cryotolerance of LAB cultures in fermented dairy products. This finding leads to a better understanding of the synergistic effects contributed by the LAB–MPL combination and promotes the development of new LAB–MPL functional products.
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Walczak-Skierska J, Złoch M, Pauter K, Pomastowski P, Buszewski B. Lipidomic analysis of lactic acid bacteria strains by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:11062-11078. [PMID: 33041037 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Analysis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to characterize the lipid profile of 3 lactic acid bacteria strains. By gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, 23 fatty acids were identified. Dominant acids were palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1), and α-linoleic acid (C18:3n-3) for Lactobacillus paracasei; for Lactococcus lactis they were palmitic (C16:0), gondoic (C20:1), myristoleic (C14:1), and eicosadienoic acid (C20:2), respectively; and in the case of Lactobacillus curvatus were C18:1, C18:2n-6, and C16:0, respectively. The effect of the medium on fatty acid composition was also determined. In addition, the fatty acid profile was also compared using MALDI MS analysis. The MALDI-TOF MS was used for qualitative analysis and identification of bacterial lipids. Phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine, triacylglycerols, and ceramides were the most abundant species in lactic acid bacteria. One hundred different combinations of fatty acids in polar and nonpolar lipids have been identified, including 11 phospholipids (18 phosphatidylglycerol, 16 phosphatidylethanolamine, 10 phosphatidylinositol, 8 phosphatidylcholine, 4 lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine, 3 lyso-phosphatidylcholine, 3 phosphatidylserine, 1 lyso-phosphatidic acid, 1 lyso-phosphatidylglycerol, 1 lyso-phoshatidylinositol, and 1 phosphatidic acid), 23 triacylglycerols, 9 ceramides, and 2 sphingomyelin. The most abundant fatty acids identified were C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, and C18:3. Obtained lipid profiles allowed to distinguish the tested bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Walczak-Skierska
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Michał Złoch
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pauter
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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16
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Interactions of dietary fat with the gut microbiota: Evaluation of mechanisms and metabolic consequences. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:994-1018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Azagra-Boronat I, Tres A, Massot-Cladera M, Franch À, Castell M, Guardiola F, Pérez-Cano FJ, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ. Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 supplementation in rats during pregnancy and lactation affects mammary milk composition. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:2982-2992. [PMID: 32008776 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 has shown immunomodulatory action and reduction of infections; therefore, it is suggested to be appropriate for use in early life. The present study aimed to assess the effects of the supplementation of L. fermentum CECT5716 in rats during gestation and lactation periods on the composition of some mammary milk components such as microbiota, fatty acid (FA) profile, and immunoglobulins. Wistar rats were supplemented by oral gavage with 1010 cfu/d of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (n = 6) or vehicle (n = 6) for 5 wk, comprising the 3 wk of gestation and the first 2 wk of lactation. At the end of the intervention, milk, mammary glands, and cecal contents were obtained for the tracking of the probiotic strain by nested PCR-quantitative PCR. Additionally, milk samples were used for the analysis of microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing, FA by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, and immunoglobulin by Luminex (Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX). Although L. fermentum CECT5716 administration did not modify the overall composition of milk microbiota, the strain was detected in 50% of the milk samples of rats supplemented with the probiotic. Moreover, probiotic administration induced beneficial changes in the FA composition of milk by increasing total PUFA, including linoleic and α-linolenic acids, and decreasing the proportion of palmitic acid. Finally, the milk of the rats treated with the probiotic showed a 2-fold increase of IgA levels. The supplementation with L. fermentum CECT5716 during pregnancy and lactation periods improved the milk composition of FA and immunoglobulins. These effects were not linked to the presence of the strain in milk, thus suggesting that the mechanism is connected to intestinal compartment. These findings provide novel insight into a potential new approach for infants to benefit from better nutrition, development of a healthy immune system and microbiota, and protection from gastrointestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Azagra-Boronat
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
| | - Alba Tres
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Torribera Food Science Campus, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
| | - Malén Massot-Cladera
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
| | - Àngels Franch
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
| | - Margarida Castell
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
| | - Francesc Guardiola
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Torribera Food Science Campus, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
| | - Francisco J Pérez-Cano
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain.
| | - M José Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
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18
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Probiotic microorganisms- identification, metabolic and physiological impact on poultry. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933913000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Human Breast Milk Promotes the Secretion of Potentially Beneficial Metabolites by Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071548. [PMID: 31323989 PMCID: PMC6683045 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human breast milk (HBM) may have beneficial effects on Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR 17938) -mediated immunomodulation. We aimed to determine the effects of HBM on proliferation of LR 17938 in vitro and its associated proteins and metabolites in culture, in order to provide mechanistic insights into the health benefits of LR 17938. LR 17938 was cultured anaerobically in MRS bacterial culture media, HBM (from 6 mothers), and 2 types of cow-milk formula. The colony-forming unit (CFU) was calculated to evaluate LR 17938 growth. Sixteen-hour-fermented supernatants were used for metabolomics, and bacterial lysates were used for proteomics analysis. We found that growth of LR 17938 was 10 times better in HBM than in formula. We detected 261/452 metabolites upregulated when LR 17938 cultured in HBM compared to in formula, mainly participating in the glyoxylate cycle (succinate), urea cycle (citrulline), methionine methylation (N-acetylcysteine), and polyamine synthesis (spermidine). The significantly up-regulated enzymes were also involved in the formation of acetyl-CoA in the glyoxylate cycle and the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. In conclusion, HBM enhances the growth of LR 17938 compared to formula and promotes LR 17938-associated metabolites that relate to energy and antioxidant status, which may be linked to the physiological effects of L. reuteri.
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Reiner JE, Jung T, Lapp CJ, Siedler M, Bunk B, Overmann J, Gescher J. Kyrpidia spormannii sp. nov., a thermophilic, hydrogen-oxidizing, facultative autotroph, isolated from hydrothermal systems at São Miguel Island, and emended description of the genus Kyrpidia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3735-3740. [PMID: 30234478 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-motile, spore-forming bacterium, strain EA-1T, was isolated from hydrothermal sediment samples from the Azores (São Miguel, Portugal). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the isolated bacterium revealed a phylogenetic affiliation with the genus Kyrpidia. The sequence similarity of the five 16S rRNA gene copies to its closest relative, Kyrpidia tusciae, ranged from 97.79 to 97.85 %. The in silico estimate of DNA-DNA hybridization was 56.0 %. The dominant fatty acids of the novel isolate were anteiso-C17 : 0 (49.9 %), iso-C17 : 0 (23.0 %) and iso-C16 : 0 (13.3 %), while the quinone detected was menaquinone MK-7. Analysis of polar lipids identified phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and additional unidentified compounds comprising two glycolipids, two phospholipids and two lipids. The presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan and mannose, arabinose and ribose in the cell wall of strain EA-1T were detected. The strain was able to grow heterotrophically as well as autotrophically with carbon dioxide as the sole carbon source and with hydrogen and oxygen as electron donor and acceptor, respectively. Based on its chemotaxonomic, physiological and genomic characteristics, the new strain is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Kyrpidia, for which the name Kyrpidiaspormannii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain EA-1T (=DSM 106492T=CCOS1194T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Eberhard Reiner
- 1Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- 1Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian Jonas Lapp
- 1Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marvin Siedler
- 1Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Boyke Bunk
- 2Leibniz-Institut DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jörg Overmann
- 2Leibniz-Institut DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Johannes Gescher
- 1Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,3Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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21
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Lopez-Oliva I, Paropkari AD, Saraswat S, Serban S, Yonel Z, Sharma P, de Pablo P, Raza K, Filer A, Chapple I, Dietrich T, Grant MM, Kumar PS. Dysbiotic Subgingival Microbial Communities in Periodontally Healthy Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018. [PMID: 29513935 DOI: 10.1002/art.40485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies that demonstrate an association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and dysbiotic oral microbiomes are often confounded by the presence of extensive periodontitis in these individuals. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of RA in modulating the periodontal microbiome by comparing periodontally healthy individuals with RA to those without RA. METHODS Subgingival plaque was collected from periodontally healthy individuals (22 with RA and 19 without RA), and the 16S gene was sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform. Bacterial biodiversity and co-occurrence patterns were examined using the QIIME and PhyloToAST pipelines. RESULTS The subgingival microbiomes differed significantly between patients with RA and controls based on both community membership and the abundance of lineages, with 41.9% of the community differing in abundance and 19% in membership. In contrast to the sparse and predominantly congeneric co-occurrence networks seen in controls, RA patients revealed a highly connected grid containing a large intergeneric hub anchored by known periodontal pathogens. Predictive metagenomic analysis (PICRUSt) demonstrated that arachidonic acid and ester lipid metabolism pathways might partly explain the robustness of this clustering. As expected from a periodontally healthy cohort, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were not significantly different between groups; however, Cryptobacterium curtum, another organism capable of producing large amounts of citrulline, emerged as a robust discriminant of the microbiome in individuals with RA. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that the oral microbiome in RA is enriched for inflammophilic and citrulline-producing organisms, which may play a role in the production of autoantigenic citrullinated peptides in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Lopez-Oliva
- The University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Stefan Serban
- The University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zehra Yonel
- The University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Praveen Sharma
- The University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paola de Pablo
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Karim Raza
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Filer
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK
| | - Iain Chapple
- The University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas Dietrich
- The University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Melissa M Grant
- The University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust, Birmingham, UK
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22
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Shen Q, Wang Y, Shen J, Jiang L, Wei C, Zhang H. Growth and Cell Properties of Modified Lactobacillus plantarum CICC21001 with Supplementing C 18-FFAs to Growth Medium in vitro. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:1133-1141. [PMID: 29704124 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are one of the important factors that can influence cell growth and membrane composition. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of supplementing MLM+ growth medium with C18 free fatty acids (C18-FFAs), including stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), and linolenic (C18:3) acid, on the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum CICC21001 by forming ion pairs with lysine to increase the solubility of FAs in liquid medium. The utilization of C18-FFAs was further confirmed by GC-FID. The investigation of cell properties, including cell surface hydrophobicity and zeta potential, was carried out for the modified L. plantarum and control group (non-supplementation). Furthermore, cell survival was measured in real time under heat (at 55 and 62 °C for 5 min), acid (pH 2.2), and bile salt stress. Our results indicated that the action of L. plantarum was modulated by assimilating C18-FFAs. This study suggested that C18-FFAs altered the life cycles and physiochemical properties of L. plantarum, which provided a guideline for probiotics production and their medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinke Shen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yuxian Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jian Shen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ce Wei
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hongman Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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23
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Kasmi M, Elleuch L, Dahmeni A, Hamdi M, Trabelsi I, Snoussi M. Novel approach for the use of dairy industry wastes for bacterial growth media production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 212:176-185. [PMID: 29428652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a novel approach for the reuse and the recovery of dairy wastes valuable components. Thermal coagulation was performed for dairy effluents and the main responsible fraction for the organic matter content (protein and fat) was separated. Dairy curds were prepared for the formulation of bacterial growth media. Protein, sugar, fat and fatty acids contents have been assessed. Samples treated at 100 °C exhibited marked improvement in terms of protein (25-50%) recovery compared to those treated at 80 °C. Fatty acid analysis revealed the presence of unsaturated fatty acids (mainly oleic acid) that are essential to promote Lactobacillus growth. Previously isolated and identified bacterial strains from dairy wastes (Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus brevis) were investigated for their ability to grow on the formulated media. All the tested lactic acid bacteria exhibited greater bacterial growth on the formulated media supplemented with glucose only or with both glucose and yeast extract compared to the control media. By reference to the commercial growth medium, the productivity ratio of the supplemented bactofugate (B) and decreaming (D) formulated media exceeded 0.6 for L. paracasei culture. Whereas, the productivity ratio of the supplemented B medium was greater than 1 compared to the control medium for all the tested strains. As for the supplemented D medium, its productivity ratio was greater than 1 compared to the control medium for both L. paracasei and L. plantarum strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Kasmi
- Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Water Researches and Technologies Center (CERTE), University of Carthage, Tourist route Soliman, BP 273-8020, Tunisia.
| | - Lobna Elleuch
- Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Water Researches and Technologies Center (CERTE), University of Carthage, Tourist route Soliman, BP 273-8020, Tunisia.
| | - Ameni Dahmeni
- Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Water Researches and Technologies Center (CERTE), University of Carthage, Tourist route Soliman, BP 273-8020, Tunisia.
| | - Moktar Hamdi
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Technologie Microbienne LETMI, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (INSAT), Centre Urbain Nord, BP 676 - 1080 Tunis Cedex, Tunisia.
| | - Ismail Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Water Researches and Technologies Center (CERTE), University of Carthage, Tourist route Soliman, BP 273-8020, Tunisia.
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Water Researches and Technologies Center (CERTE), University of Carthage, Tourist route Soliman, BP 273-8020, Tunisia.
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Polyphenols and Their Interactions With Other Dietary Compounds: Implications for Human Health. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2018; 84:103-144. [PMID: 29555067 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regular and optimal intake of polyphenols associates with numerous health-promoting effects. Bioavailability and activity of polyphenols depend on foods' structure and interactions with other food constituents, especially proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Polyphenols-proteins interactions can result in various biological effects, such as sense of astringency. So far, polyphenols interactions with food lipids have not been of special importance, except in case of plant oils. Polyphenols-carbohydrates interactions can influence the organoleptic properties, while interactions with dietary fibers are particularly significant. Polyphenols can decrease the synthesis of fats and fatty acids in the liver, or delay their absorption in intestines. Also, polyphenols can slow down digestion of carbohydrates, through the inhibition of digestive enzymes or modulation of glucose uptake. Both animal and plant proteins have low impact on the bioavailability of polyphenols, but some in vitro studies reported that milk proteins could enhance intestinal absorption of polyphenols from tea. Dietary fats may alter the passage of polyphenols through gastrointestinal tract and impact absorption of more hydrophobic polyphenols in particular. While some studies reported that associations with carbohydrates could decrease bioavailability of polyphenols, the others showed the opposite effects. Macronutrients can be used for encapsulation of polyphenols, which can increase their bioavailability and ensure controlled and targeted release. Polyphenols' interactions in the body include their incorporation in cell membranes which causes changes in fatty acid profile and impacts membrane-bound transporters and enzymes. Finally, gut microbiota plays essential role in metabolism of both polyphenols and macronutrients and thus can have great impact on their interactions.
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Bentley‐Hewitt KL, Narbad A, Majsak‐Newman G, Philo MR, Lund EK. Lactobacilli survival and adhesion to colonic epithelial cell lines is dependent on long chain fatty acid exposure. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry L. Bentley‐Hewitt
- Institute of Food ResearchGastrointestinal HealthNorwichNorfolkUK
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research, Food and Nutrition GroupFood Industry Science CentrePalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Institute of Food ResearchGastrointestinal HealthNorwichNorfolkUK
| | - Gosia Majsak‐Newman
- Institute of Food ResearchGastrointestinal HealthNorwichNorfolkUK
- Norfolk and Norwich University HospitalNHS Foundation TrustNorwichUK
| | - Mark R. Philo
- Institute of Food ResearchGastrointestinal HealthNorwichNorfolkUK
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Ramos-Romero S, Hereu M, Molinar-Toribio E, Almajano MP, Méndez L, Medina I, Taltavull N, Romeu M, Nogués MR, Torres JL. Effects of the combination of ω-3 PUFAs and proanthocyanidins on the gut microbiota of healthy rats. Food Res Int 2017; 97:364-371. [PMID: 28578061 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduce risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and other pathologies that involve low-grade inflammation. They have recently been shown to exert complementary functional effects with proanthocyanidins. As the reduction of health-promoting gut bacteria such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria has been linked to a number of alterations in the host, the aim of this study was to determine whether PUFAs and proanthocyanidins also cooperate in maintaining well-balanced microbiota. To this end, rats were supplemented for 6months with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 1:1 (16.6g/kg feed); proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract (GSE, 0.8g/kg feed); or both. Plasma adiponectin, cholesterol, and urine nitrites were measured. Gut bacterial subgroups were evaluated in fecal DNA by qRT-PCR. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined in feces by gas chromatography. Body and adipose tissue weights were found to be higher in the animals given ω-3 PUFAs, while their energy intake was lower. Plasma cholesterol was lower in ω-3 PUFA supplemented groups, while adiponectin and urine nitrites were higher. ω-3 PUFAs reduced the population of Lactobacillales and L. acidophilus after 6months of supplementation. GSE significantly reduced L. plantarum and B. longum. The combination of ω-3 PUFAs and GSE maintained the health-promoting bacteria at levels similar to those of the control group. Acetic acid was increased by the ω-3 PUFA individual supplementation, while the combination with GSE kept this value similar to the control value. In conclusion, while individual supplementations with ω-3 PUFAs or GSE modify the populations of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and microbial products (SCFAs), their combination maintains the standard proportions of these bacterial subgroups and their function while also providing the cardiovascular benefits of ω-3 PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ramos-Romero
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mercè Hereu
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - María Pilar Almajano
- Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
| | - Núria Taltavull
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Marta Romeu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Maria Rosa Nogués
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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Chen YY, Liang NY, Curtis JM, Gänzle MG. Characterization of Linoleate 10-Hydratase of Lactobacillus plantarum and Novel Antifungal Metabolites. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1561. [PMID: 27757104 PMCID: PMC5047880 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli convert linoleic acid to the antifungal compound 10-hydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid (10-HOE) by linoleate 10-hydratase (10-LAH). However, the effect of this conversion on cellular membrane physiology and properties of the cell surface have not been demonstrated. Moreover, Lactobacillus plantarum produces 13-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (13-HOE) in addition to 10-HOE, but the antifungal activity of 13-HOE was unknown. Phylogenetic analyses conducted in this study did not differentiate between 10-LAH and linoleate 13-hydratase (13-LAH). Thus, linoleate hydratases (LAHs) must be characterized through their differences in their activities of linoleate conversion. Four genes encoding putative LAHs from lactobacilli were cloned, heterologous expressed, purified and identified as FAD-dependent 10-LAH. The unsaturated fatty acid substrates stimulated the growth of lactobacilli. We also investigated the role of 10-LAH in ethanol tolerance, membrane fluidity and hydrophobicity of cell surfaces in lactobacilli by disruption of lah. Compared with the L. plantarum lah deficient strain, 10-LAH in wild-type strain did not exert effect on cell survival and membrane fluidity under ethanol stress, but influenced the cell surface hydrophobicity. Moreover, deletion of 10-LAH in L. plantarum facilitated purification of 13-HOE and demonstration of its antifungal activity against Penicillium roqueforti and Aspergillus niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Y Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
| | - Nuan Y Liang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
| | - Jonathan M Curtis
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
| | - Michael G Gänzle
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, EdmontonAB, Canada; College of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan, China
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Tabanelli G, Vernocchi P, Patrignani F, Del Chierico F, Putignani L, Vinderola G, Reinheimer JA, Gardini F, Lanciotti R. Effects of sub-lethal high-pressure homogenization treatment on the outermost cellular structures and the volatile-molecule profiles of two strains of probiotic lactobacilli. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1006. [PMID: 26441931 PMCID: PMC4585067 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Applying sub-lethal levels of high-pressure homogenization (HPH) to lactic acid bacteria has been proposed as a method of enhancing some of their functional properties. Because the principal targets of HPH are the cell-surface structures, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of sub-lethal HPH treatment on the outermost cellular structures and the proteomic profiles of two known probiotic bacterial strains. Moreover, the effect of HPH treatment on the metabolism of probiotic cells within a dairy product during its refrigerated storage was investigated using SPME-GC-MS. Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the microstructural changes in the outermost cellular structures due to HPH treatment. These alterations may be involved in the changes in some of the technological and functional properties of the strains that were observed after pressure treatment. Moreover, the proteomic profiles of the probiotic strains treated with HPH and incubated at 37°C for various periods showed different peptide patterns compared with those of the untreated cells. In addition, there were differences in the peaks that were observed in the low-mass spectral region (2000–3000 Da) of the spectral profiles of the control and treated samples. Due to pressure treatment, the volatile-molecule profiles of buttermilk inoculated with treated or control cells and stored at 4°C for 30 days exhibited overall changes in the aroma profile and in the production of molecules that improved its sensory profile, although the two different species imparted specific fingerprints to the product. The results of this study will contribute to understanding the changes that occur in the outermost cellular structures and the metabolism of LAB in response to HPH treatment. The findings of this investigation may contribute to elucidating the relationships between these changes and the alterations of the technological and functional properties of LAB induced by pressure treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tabanelli
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna Cesena, Italy
| | - Pamela Vernocchi
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna Cesena, Italy ; Unit of Metagenomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Patrignani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Università degli Studi di Bologna - Sede di Cesena Cesena, Italy
| | | | - Lorenza Putignani
- Unit of Metagenomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS Rome, Italy ; Unit of Parasitology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriel Vinderola
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorge A Reinheimer
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Fausto Gardini
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna Cesena, Italy ; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Università degli Studi di Bologna - Sede di Cesena Cesena, Italy
| | - Rosalba Lanciotti
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna Cesena, Italy ; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Università degli Studi di Bologna - Sede di Cesena Cesena, Italy
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Diet-Gene Interactions in the Pathogenesis of Crohn’s Disease: the Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) Metabolic Pathway as a Prototype. Curr Nutr Rep 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-015-0128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Hansen MLRW, Clausen A, Ejsing CS, Risbo J. Modulation of the Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 lipidome by different growth conditions. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2015. [PMID: 26197785 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are bacteria used in the food industry due to their potential health benefits. In this study, the plasma membrane of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 was investigated using state-of-the-art high-resolution shotgun lipidomics. Comparisons of the lipidome of the plasma membrane were done after altering the fatty acid composition by supplementing L. acidophilus La-5 with saturated, mono-, di- and tri-unsaturated fatty acids during fermentation. The plasma membrane with the highest degree of saturation resulted in a lipid composition with the highest proportion of cardiolipin (CL) and lowest proportion of monolysocardiolipin (MLCL). No significant changes were found for other lipid classes. The bacteria grown with di- and tri-unsaturated fatty acids were expected to have more unsaturated plasma membranes than bacteria grown with mono-unsaturated fatty acids. This was also the case for MLCL, but the numbers of double bonds for CL were quite similar for these three samples. The results indicate that L. acidophilus La-5 possesses a molecular mechanism for remodelling and optimizing the fatty acid composition of CL and MLCL species and the molar ratio of CL and MLCL. This study contributes new knowledge on the previously uninvestigated lipidome of L. acidophilus La-5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christer S Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Jens Risbo
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Xing Y, Wang S, Fan J, Oso AO, Kim SW, Xiao D, Yang T, Liu G, Jiang G, Li Z, Li L, Zhang B. Effects of dietary supplementation with lysine-yielding Bacillus subtilis on gut morphology, cecal microflora, and intestinal immune response of Linwu ducks1. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:3449-57. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - S. Wang
- Hunan Microbiology Institute, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - J. Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - A. O. Oso
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, PMB 2240, Nigeria
| | - S. W. Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - D. Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - T. Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - G. Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - G. Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Z. Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - L. Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - B. Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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32
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Hansen MLRW, Petersen MA, Risbo J, Hümmer M, Clausen A. Implications of modifying membrane fatty acid composition on membrane oxidation, integrity, and storage viability of freeze-dried probiotic, Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:799-807. [PMID: 25823709 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of altering the fatty acid profile of the lipid membrane on storage survival of freeze-dried probiotic, Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, as well as study the membrane integrity and lipid oxidation. The fatty acid composition of the lipid membrane of L. acidophilus La-5 was significantly different upon growth in MRS (containing Tween 80, an oleic acid source), or in MRS with Tween 20 (containing C12:0 and C14:0), linoleic, or linolenic acid supplemented. Bacteria grown in MRS showed the highest storage survival rates. No indications of loss of membrane integrity could be found, and membrane integrity could therefore not be connected with loss of viability. Survival of bacteria grown with linoleic or linolenic acid was more negatively affected by the presence of oxygen, than bacteria grown in MRS or with Tween 20 supplemented. A small, but significant, loss of linolenic acid during storage could be identified, and an increase of volatile secondary oxidation products during storage was found for bacteria grown in MRS, or with linoleic, or linolenic acid supplemented, but not for bacteria grown with Tween 20. Overall, the results indicate that lipid oxidation and loss of membrane integrity are not the only or most important detrimental reactions which can occur during storage. By altering the fatty acid composition, it was also found that properties of oleic acid gave rise to more robust bacteria than more saturated or unsaturated fatty acids did.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikael A Petersen
- Dept. of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Risbo
- Dept. of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magdalena Hümmer
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark.,Dept. of Horticulture and Food Technology, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Germany
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Duda-Chodak A, Tarko T, Satora P, Sroka P. Interaction of dietary compounds, especially polyphenols, with the intestinal microbiota: a review. Eur J Nutr 2015; 54:325-41. [PMID: 25672526 PMCID: PMC4365176 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome plays an important role in the metabolism of chemical compounds found within food. Bacterial metabolites are different from those that can be generated by human enzymes because bacterial processes occur under anaerobic conditions and are based mainly on reactions of reduction and/or hydrolysis. In most cases, bacterial metabolism reduces the activity of dietary compounds; however, sometimes a specific product of bacterial transformation exhibits enhanced properties. Studies on the metabolism of polyphenols by the intestinal microbiota are crucial for understanding the role of these compounds and their impact on our health. This review article presents possible pathways of polyphenol metabolism by intestinal bacteria and describes the diet-derived bioactive metabolites produced by gut microbiota, with a particular emphasis on polyphenols and their potential impact on human health. Because the etiology of many diseases is largely correlated with the intestinal microbiome, a balance between the host immune system and the commensal gut microbiota is crucial for maintaining health. Diet-related and age-related changes in the human intestinal microbiome and their consequences are summarized in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Duda-Chodak
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Technical Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149, Kraków, Poland,
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Duda-Chodak A, Tarko T, Satora P, Sroka P. Interaction of dietary compounds, especially polyphenols, with the intestinal microbiota: a review. Eur J Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0852-y pmid: 25672526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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35
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Liu Y, Buendía-Rodríguez G, Peñuelas-Rívas CG, Tan Z, Rívas-Guevara M, Tenorio-Borroto E, Munteanu CR, Pazos A, González-Díaz H. Experimental and computational studies of fatty acid distribution networks. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:2964-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00325c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A new PT-LFER model is useful for predicting a distribution network in terms of specific fatty acid distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science
- Autonomous University of the State of Mexico
- Toluca
- Mexico
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-ecological Engineering
| | - Germán Buendía-Rodríguez
- National Center for Disciplinary Research on Animal Physiology and Breeding
- National Institute of Forestry
- Agriculture and Livestock Research
- Queretaro
- Mexico
| | | | - Zhiliang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-ecological Engineering
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changsha
- P. R. China
| | - María Rívas-Guevara
- Ethnobiology and Biodiversity Research Center
- Chapingo Autonomous University
- Texcoco
- Mexico
| | - Esvieta Tenorio-Borroto
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science
- Autonomous University of the State of Mexico
- Toluca
- Mexico
| | | | | | - Humberto González-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Leioa
- Spain
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36
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Wu Q, Shah NP. Effects of elaidic acid, a predominant industrial trans fatty acid, on bacterial growth and cell surface hydrophobicity of lactobacilli. J Food Sci 2014; 79:M2485-90. [PMID: 25384717 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and coronary heart disease in human, and there are no effective ways to remove TFAs after consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of elaidic acid on bacterial growth, cell surface hydrophobicity of lactobacilli, and metabolism of elaidic acid by lactobacilli. Lactobacilli were inoculated in MRS broth containing 0, 100, 200, and 500 mg/L of elaidic acid. Viable cell counts of lactobacilli were enumerated, concentrations of elaidic acid were determined, and cell surface hydrophobicity of lactobacilli was measured. The results showed that the growth of lactobacilli was significantly inhibited by 500 mg/L of elaidic acid, however, a cell count of 8.50 log10 CFU/mL was still reached for tested lactobacilli after 24-h incubation. In particular, a reduction of elaidic acid was found for tested lactobacilli after 24-h incubation as compared to its initial concentration of 200 mg/L. However, cell surface hydrophobicity showed no correlations with the metabolism of elaidic acid by lactobacilli. Moreover, elaidic acid was able to influence cell surface hydrophobicity, and the decrease in hydrophobicity was more obvious in Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus casei compared with that in other tested lactobacilli. This study suggests that elaidic acid could change physiochemical surface properties of lactobacilli and the lactobacilli have the potential to reduce TFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Wu
- Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Sciences, The Univ. of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
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The effect of cell surface components on adhesion ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 106:751-62. [PMID: 25090959 PMCID: PMC4158178 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-014-0245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the cell envelope components and surface properties of two phenotypes of Lactobacillus rhamnosus isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract. The ability of the bacteria to adhere to human intestinal cells and to aggregate with other bacteria was determined. L. rhamnosus strains E/N and PEN differed with regard to the presence of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and specific surface proteins. Transmission electron microscopy showed differences in the structure of the outer cell surface of the strains tested. Bacterial surface properties were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fatty acid methyl esters and hydrophobicity assays. Aggregation capacity and adhesion of the tested strains to the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 was determined. The results indicated a high adhesion and aggregation ability of L. rhamnosus PEN, which possessed specific surface proteins, had a unique fatty acid content, and did not synthesize EPS. Adherence of L. rhamnosus was dependent on specific interactions and was promoted by surface proteins (42–114 kDa) and specific fatty acids. Polysaccharides likely hindered bacterial adhesion and aggregation by masking protein receptors. This study provides information on the cell envelope constituents of lactobacilli that influence bacterial aggregation and adhesion to intestinal cells. This knowledge will help to understand better their specific contribution in commensal–host interactions and adaptation to this ecological niche.
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Salaheen S, White B, Bequette BJ, Biswas D. Peanut fractions boost the growth of Lactobacillus casei that alters the interactions between Campylobacter jejuni and host epithelial cells. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Lactic acid bacteria isolated from fish gut produce conjugated linoleic acid without the addition of exogenous substrate. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jedidi H, Champagne CP, Raymond Y, Farnworth E, Van Calsteren MR, Chouinard PY, Fliss I. Effect of milk enriched with conjugated linoleic acid and digested in a simulator (TIM-1) on the viability of probiotic bacteria. Int Dairy J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Grześkowiak Ł, Collado MC, Beasley S, Salminen S. Pathogen exclusion properties of canine probiotics are influenced by the growth media and physical treatments simulating industrial processes. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 116:1308-14. [PMID: 24779583 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Manufacturing process used in preparation of probiotic products may alter beneficial properties of probiotics. The effect of different growth media and inactivation methods on the protective properties of canine-originated probiotic bacteria against adhesion of canine enteropathogens was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Three established dog probiotics, Lactobacillus fermentum VET9A, Lactobacillus plantarum VET14A and Lactobacillus rhamnosus VET16A, and their mixture were assessed using the dog mucus pathogen exclusion model. The pathogens used were Enterococcus canis, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens. The effect of growth media, one reflecting laboratory and the other manufacture conditions, and viability (viable and heat inactivated, 80°C per 30 min) on the pathogen exclusion properties of probiotics were characterized. Greater pathogen exclusion percentages were noted for probiotics growing in conditions reflecting manufacture when compared to laboratory (P < 0·05). Inactivation of probiotics by heat (80°C per 30 min) increased pathogen exclusion compared with their viable forms (P < 0·05). CONCLUSIONS Manufacturing process conditions such as growth media, incubation temperature and pretreatment methods may significantly affect the protective properties of the tested strains. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Growing conditions and pretreatment methods should be carefully considered when designing new probiotics to reduce the risk of common infections in dogs. The studied probiotics are promising potential feed additives for dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ł Grześkowiak
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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De Weirdt R, Coenen E, Vlaeminck B, Fievez V, Van den Abbeele P, Van de Wiele T. A simulated mucus layer protects Lactobacillus reuteri from the inhibitory effects of linoleic acid. Benef Microbes 2013; 4:299-312. [PMID: 24311313 DOI: 10.3920/bm2013.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2024]
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri is a commensal, beneficial gut microbe that colonises the intestinal mucus layer, where it makes close contact with the human host and may significantly affect human health. Here, we investigated the capacity of linoleic acid (LA), the most common polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in a Western-style diet, to affect L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 prevalence and survival in a simulated mucus layer. Short-term (1 h) survival and mucin-agar adhesion assays of a log-phase L. reuteri suspension in intestinal water demonstrated that the simulated mucus layer protected L. reuteri against the inhibitory effects of LA by lowering its contact with the bacterial cell membrane. The protective effect of the simulated mucus layer was further evaluated using a more complex and dynamic model of the colon microbiota (SHIME®), in which L. reuteri survival was monitored during 6 days of daily exposure to LA in the absence (L-SHIME) and presence (M-SHIME) of a simulated mucus layer. After 6 days, luminal L- and M-SHIME L. reuteri plate counts had decreased by 3.1±0.5 and 2.6±0.9 log cfu/ml, respectively. Upon supplementation of 1.0 g/l LA, the decline in the luminal L. reuteri population started earlier than was observed for the control. In contrast, mucin-agar levels of L. reuteri (in the M-SHIME) remained unaffected throughout the experiment even in the presence of high concentrations of LA. Overall, the results of this study indicate the importance of the mucus layer as a protective environment for beneficial gut microbes to escape from stress by high loads of the antimicrobial PUFA LA to the colon, i.e. due to a Western-style diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- R De Weirdt
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Coenen
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Vlaeminck
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Product Quality (LANUPRO), Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - V Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Product Quality (LANUPRO), Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - P Van den Abbeele
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Van de Wiele
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Koivisto H, Grimm MO, Rothhaar TL, Berkecz R, Lütjohann D D, Giniatullina R, Takalo M, Miettinen PO, Lahtinen HM, Giniatullin R, Penke B, Janáky T, Broersen LM, Hartmann T, Tanila H. Special lipid-based diets alleviate cognitive deficits in the APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease independent of brain amyloid deposition. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 25:157-69. [PMID: 24445040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fish oil, providing n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), associates with reduced dementia risk in epidemiological studies and reduced amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer mouse models. We now studied whether additional nutrients can improve the efficacy of fish oil in alleviating cognitive deficits and amyloid pathology in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic and wild-type mice. We compared four isocaloric (5% fat) diets. The fish oil diet differed from the control diet only by substituted fish oil. Besides fish oil, the plant sterol diet was supplemented with phytosterols, while the Fortasyn diet contained as supplements precursors and cofactors for membrane synthesis, viz. uridine-monophosphate; DHA and EPA; choline; folate; vitamins B6, B12, C and E; phospholipids and selenium. Mice began the special diets at 5 months and were sacrificed at 14 months after behavioral testing. Transgenic mice, fed with control chow, showed poor spatial learning, hyperactivity in exploring a novel cage and reduced preference to explore novel odors. All fish-oil-containing diets increased exploration of a novel odor over a familiar one. Only the Fortasyn diet alleviated the spatial learning deficit. None of the diets influenced hyperactivity in a new environment. Fish-oil-containing diets strongly inhibited β- and γ-secretase activity, and the plant sterol diet additionally reduced amyloid-β 1-42 levels. These data indicate that beneficial effects of fish oil on cognition in Alzheimer model mice can be enhanced by adding other specific nutrients, but this effect is not necessarily mediated via reduction of amyloid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hennariikka Koivisto
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Marcus O Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar 66123, Germany; Deutsches Institut für Demenz Prävention, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany
| | - Tatjana L Rothhaar
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar 66123, Germany
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Department Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Dieter Lütjohann D
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53113, Germany
| | - Rajsa Giniatullina
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Mari Takalo
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Pasi O Miettinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Hanna-Maija Lahtinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Botond Penke
- Department Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Tamás Janáky
- Department Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Laus M Broersen
- Danone Research Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen 6700 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Deutsches Institut für Demenz Prävention, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany
| | - Heikki Tanila
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland; Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland.
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Tabanelli G, Patrignani F, Gardini F, Vinderola G, Reinheimer J, Grazia L, Lanciotti R. Effect of a sublethal high-pressure homogenization treatment on the fatty acid membrane composition of probiotic lactobacilli. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 58:109-17. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Tabanelli
- Inter-Departmental Centre of Industrial Agri-Food Research (CIRI Agroalimentare); Cesena Italy
| | - F. Patrignani
- Department of Agri-Food Science and Technologies, Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - F. Gardini
- Inter-Departmental Centre of Industrial Agri-Food Research (CIRI Agroalimentare); Cesena Italy
- Department of Agri-Food Science and Technologies, Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - G. Vinderola
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET); Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Universidad Nacional del Litoral; Santa Fe Argentina
| | - J. Reinheimer
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET); Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Universidad Nacional del Litoral; Santa Fe Argentina
| | - L. Grazia
- Inter-Departmental Centre of Industrial Agri-Food Research (CIRI Agroalimentare); Cesena Italy
- Department of Agri-Food Science and Technologies, Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - R. Lanciotti
- Inter-Departmental Centre of Industrial Agri-Food Research (CIRI Agroalimentare); Cesena Italy
- Department of Agri-Food Science and Technologies, Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Palmitic acid (PA) constitutes 17% to 25% of the human milk fatty acids, and ~70% is esterified in the sn-2 position of triglycerides (β-palmitate). In the sn-2 position, PA is not hydrolyzed and thus is efficiently absorbed. The PA in palm oils, commonly used in infant formulas, is esterified in the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. In these positions, PA is hydrolyzed and forms poorly absorbed calcium complexes. The present study assessed whether high β-palmitate in infant formulas affects the intestinal flora. METHODS Thirty-six term infants were enrolled: 14 breast-fed (BF group) and 22 formula-fed infants who were randomly assigned to receive formula containing high β-palmitate (HBP group, n=14), or low β-palmitate (LBP group, n=8), where 44% and 14% of the PA was β-palmitate, respectively. The total amount of PA in the formulas was 19% and 22% in the LBP and HBP groups, respectively. Neither formula contained pre- or probiotics. Stool samples were collected at enrollment and at 6 weeks for the quantification of bacteria. RESULTS At 6 weeks, the HBP and BF groups had higher Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria counts than the LBP group (P<0.01). The Lactobacillus counts at 6 weeks were not significantly different between the HBP and BF groups. Lactobacillus counts were 1.2×10¹⁰, 1.2×10¹¹, and 5.6×10¹⁰ CFU/g for LBP, HBP, and BF groups, respectively. Bifidobacteria counts were 5.1×10⁹, 1.2×10¹¹, and 3.9×10¹⁰ CFU/g for LBP, HBP, and BF groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HBP formula beneficially affected infant gut microbiota by increasing the Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria counts in fecal stools.
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Santos AL, Gomes NCM, Henriques I, Almeida A, Correia A, Cunha A. Growth conditions influence UVB sensitivity and oxidative damage in an estuarine bacterial isolate. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:974-86. [PMID: 23493991 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp25353h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dose-dependent variation of oxidative cellular damage imposed by UVB exposure in a representative estuarine bacterial strain, Pseudomonas sp. NT5I1.2B, was studied at different growth phases (mid-exponential, late-exponential, and stationary), growth temperatures (15 °C and 25 °C) and growth media (nutrient-rich Tryptic Soy Broth [TSB] and nutrient-poor M9). Survival and markers of oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA strand breakage, and DNA-protein cross-links) were monitored during exposure to increasing UVB doses (0-60 kJ m(-2)). Oxidative damage did not follow a clear linear dose-dependent pattern, particularly at high UVB doses (>10 kJ m(-2)), suggesting a dynamic interaction between damage induction and repair during irradiation and/or saturation of oxidative damage. Survival of stationary phase cells generally exceeded that of exponential phase cells by up to 33.5 times; the latter displayed enhanced levels of DNA-protein cross-links (up to 15.6-fold) and protein carbonylation (up to 6.0-fold). Survival of mid-exponential phase cells was generally higher at 15 °C than at 25 °C (up to 6.6-fold), which was accompanied by lower levels of DNA strand breaks (up to 4000-fold), suggesting a temperature effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and/or ROS interaction with cellular targets. Survival under medium-high UVB doses (>10 kJ m(-2)) was generally higher (up to 5.4-fold) in cells grown in TSB than in M9. These results highlight the influence of growth conditions preceding irradiation on the extent of oxidative damage induced by UVB exposure in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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47
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Hayek SA, Ibrahim SA. Current Limitations and Challenges with Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2013.411a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kalsum U, Soetanto H, . A, Sjofjan O. Influence of a Probiotic Containing Lactobacillus fermentum on the Laying Performance and Egg Quality of Japanese Quails. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2012.311.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Cliff JB, Kreuzer HW, Ehrhardt CJ, Wunschel DS. The Microbe: The Basics of Structure, Morphology, and Physiology as They Relate to Microbial Characterization and Attribution. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL SIGNATURES FOR MICROBIAL FORENSICS 2012. [PMCID: PMC7123343 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-219-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This chapter is meant to (1) review classical methods used to characterize and classify microbes and (2) introduce new molecular methods used in microbial characterization. The fundamental composition of microbes is discussed as well as their importance in classification of microbes into genus and species. Classical microbiological methods in general seek to define the common features of specific bacterial groups as a means of classification and identification of microbes. Thus, the focus was to describe the common features which discriminated closely related groups of organisms. In contrast, the newer molecular methods often seek to expand the classification of microbes not only as a means to organize microbial phylogeny but also to differentiate signatures between microbes identified within a species in greater detail. Molecular biology tools are used both as an adjunct to established methods and as replacement for classical methods for detection, discrimination, or identification of bacterial and viral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B. Cliff
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009 West Australia Australia
| | - Helen W. Kreuzer
- Chemical and Biological Signature Scienc, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MS P7-50, Richland, 99352 Washington USA
| | - Christopher J. Ehrhardt
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 W. Main Street, Richmond, 23284 Virginia USA
| | - David S. Wunschel
- Chemical and Biological Signature Scienc, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MS P7-50, Richland, 99352 Washington USA
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Effects of carbon sources and lipids on freeze-drying survival of Lactobacillus bulgaricus in growth media. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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