1
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Lebrun-Corbin M, Cheung BH, Hullahalli K, Dailey K, Bailey K, Waldor MK, Wunderink RG, Bachta KER, Hauser AR. Pseudomonas aeruginosa population dynamics in a vancomycin-induced murine model of gastrointestinal carriage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.19.608679. [PMID: 39229171 PMCID: PMC11370369 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.19.608679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common nosocomial pathogen and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Multiple reports highlight that P. aeruginosa gastrointestinal colonization may precede systemic infections by this pathogen. Gaining a deeper insight into the dynamics of P. aeruginosa gastrointestinal carriage is an essential step in managing gastrointestinal colonization and could contribute to preventing bacterial transmission and progression to systemic infection. Here, we present a clinically relevant mouse model relying on parenteral vancomycin pretreatment and a single orogastric gavage of a controlled dose of P. aeruginosa. Robust carriage was observed with multiple clinical isolates, and carriage persisted for up to 60 days. Histological and microbiological examination of mice indicated that this model indeed represented carriage and not infection. We then used a barcoded P. aeruginosa library along with the sequence tag-based analysis of microbial populations (STAMPR) analytic pipeline to quantify bacterial population dynamics and bottlenecks during the establishment of the gastrointestinal carriage. Analysis indicated that most of the P. aeruginosa population was rapidly eliminated in the stomach, but the few bacteria that moved to the small intestine and the caecum expanded significantly. Hence, the stomach constitutes a significant barrier against gastrointestinal carriage of P. aeruginosa, which may have clinical implications for hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Lebrun-Corbin
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bettina H Cheung
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karthik Hullahalli
- Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Dailey
- Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Matthew K Waldor
- Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard G Wunderink
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, IL, USA
| | - Kelly E R Bachta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alan R Hauser
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Van Nieuwenhuyse B, Merabishvili M, Goeders N, Vanneste K, Bogaerts B, de Jode M, Ravau J, Wagemans J, Belkhir L, Van der Linden D. Phage-Mediated Digestive Decolonization in a Gut-On-A-Chip Model: A Tale of Gut-Specific Bacterial Prosperity. Viruses 2024; 16:1047. [PMID: 39066209 PMCID: PMC11281504 DOI: 10.3390/v16071047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Infections due to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria have become a major threat to global health. Some patients may carry resistant bacteria in their gut microbiota. Specific risk factors may trigger the conversion of these carriages into infections in hospitalized patients. Preventively eradicating these carriages has been postulated as a promising preventive intervention. However, previous attempts at such eradication using oral antibiotics or probiotics have led to discouraging results. Phage therapy, the therapeutic use of bacteriophage viruses, might represent a worthy alternative in this context. Taking inspiration from this clinical challenge, we built Gut-On-A-Chip (GOAC) models, which are tridimensional cell culture models mimicking a simplified gut section. These were used to better understand bacterial dynamics under phage pressure using two relevant species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Model mucus secretion was documented by ELISA assays. Bacterial dynamics assays were performed in GOAC triplicates monitored for 72 h under numerous conditions, such as pre-, per-, or post-bacterial timing of phage introduction, punctual versus continuous phage administration, and phage expression of mucus-binding properties. The potential genomic basis of bacterial phage resistance acquired in the model was investigated by variant sequencing. The bacterial "escape growth" rates under phage pressure were compared to static in vitro conditions. Our results suggest that there is specific bacterial prosperity in this model compared to other in vitro conditions. In E. coli assays, the introduction of a phage harboring unique mucus-binding properties could not shift this balance of power, contradicting previous findings in an in vivo mouse model and highlighting the key differences between these models. Genomic modifications were correlated with bacterial phage resistance acquisition in some but not all instances, suggesting that alternate ways are needed to evade phage predation, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brieuc Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pediatric Department (IREC/PEDI), Université Catholique de Louvain—UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maya Merabishvili
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Goeders
- Transversal Activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (B.B.)
| | - Kevin Vanneste
- Transversal Activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (B.B.)
| | - Bert Bogaerts
- Transversal Activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (B.B.)
| | - Mathieu de Jode
- Bacterial Diseases, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joachim Ravau
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pediatric Department (IREC/PEDI), Université Catholique de Louvain—UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Wagemans
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Leïla Belkhir
- Division of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain—UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC/LTAP), Université Catholique de Louvain—UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Van der Linden
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pediatric Department (IREC/PEDI), Université Catholique de Louvain—UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, General Pediatrics Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain—UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Chen J, Lin G, Ma K, Li Z, Liégeois S, Ferrandon D. A specific innate immune response silences the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a latent infection model in the Drosophila melanogaster host. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012252. [PMID: 38833496 PMCID: PMC11178223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial pathogenicity often depends on the route of infection. For instance, P. aeruginosa or S. marcescens cause acute systemic infections when low numbers of bacteria are injected into D. melanogaster flies whereas flies succumb much slower to the continuous ingestion of these pathogens, even though both manage to escape from the gut compartment and reach the hemocoel. Here, we have developed a latent P. aeruginosa infection model by feeding flies on the bacteria for a short period. The bacteria stably colonize internal tissues yet hardly cause any damage since latently-infected flies live almost as long as noninfected control flies. The apparently dormant bacteria display particular characteristics in terms of bacterial colony morphology, composition of the outer cell wall, and motility. The virulence of these bacteria can however be reactivated upon wounding the host. We show that melanization but not the cellular or the systemic humoral response is the predominant host defense that establishes latency and may coerce the bacteria to a dormant state. In addition, the lasting activation of the melanization responses in latently-infected flies provides a degree of protection to the host against a secondary fungal infection. Latent infection by an ingested pathogen protects against a variety of homologous or heterologous systemic secondary infectious challenges, a situation previously described for the endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria, a guard against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiying Lin
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Modèles Insectes de l’Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kaiyu Ma
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi Li
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Samuel Liégeois
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Modèles Insectes de l’Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Ferrandon
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Modèles Insectes de l’Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
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4
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Lewis JD, Salipante SJ. Development of advanced control material for reverse transcription-mediated bacterial nucleic acid amplification tests. J Clin Microbiol 2024; 62:e0024324. [PMID: 38629844 PMCID: PMC11237385 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00243-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Detection of bacterial RNA by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), such as reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), offers distinct advantages over DNA-based methods. However, such assays also present challenges in ascertaining positive and internal control material that can reliably monitor success over all phases of testing (bacterial lysis, nucleic acid recovery, reverse transcription, amplification, and signal detection): since they are unable to distinguish between amplification of bacterial RNA transcripts and the DNA templates that encode them, using intact organisms as controls can inform cell lysis but not successful detection of RNA. We developed a control strategy for RNA-based bacterial NAATs that allows ready discrimination of RNA from DNA templates using self-splicing bacterial introns, such that those nucleic acids ultimately encode different sequences. We engineered two vectors encoding synthetic transgenes based on this principle, one that is active in the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and one that functions in both E. coli and the Gram-positive organism Staphylococcus aureus. We subsequently designed RT-LAMP assays that either target RNA and DNA from transgenic organisms or target RNA exclusively and demonstrated the specificity of amplification using purified nucleic acids. Using multiplex fluorescent RT-LAMP of heat-lysed specimens, we showed the practicality of deploying such transgenic organisms as an internal control to ascertain sample integrity and assay performance during clinical diagnostic testing. Our approach has broad utility for RNA-based bacterial NAATs, especially point-of-care assays and other applications where nucleic acids are nonspecifically liberated for testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janessa D. Lewis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephen J. Salipante
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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5
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Huang FC, Huang SC. Unveiling the Novel Benefits of Co-Administering Butyrate and Active Vitamin D3 in Mice Subjected to Chemotherapy-Induced Gut-Derived Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sepsis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1026. [PMID: 38790988 PMCID: PMC11118095 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients face increased susceptibility to invasive infections, primarily due to ulcerative lesions on mucosal surfaces and immune suppression resulting from chemotherapy. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteremia is notorious for its rapid progression into fatal sepsis, posing a significant threat to cancer patients, particularly those experiencing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. This bacterial infection contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality rates among such individuals. Our latest report showed the mutually beneficial effects of postbiotic butyrate on 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3)-controlled innate immunity during Salmonella colitis. Hence, we investigated the impact of butyrate and 1,25D3 on chemotherapy-induced gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis in mice. The chemotherapy-induced gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis model was established through oral administration of 1 × 107 CFU of the P. aeruginosa wild-type strain PAO1 in C57BL/6 mice undergoing chemotherapy. Throughout the infection process, mice were orally administered butyrate and/or 1,25D3. Our observations revealed that the combined action of butyrate and 1,25D3 led to a reduction in the severity of colitis and the invasion of P. aeruginosa into the liver and spleen of the mice. This reduction was attributed to an enhancement in the expression of defensive cytokines and antimicrobial peptides within the cecum, coupled with decreased levels of zonulin and claudin-2 proteins in the mucosal lining. These effects were notably more pronounced when compared to treatments administered individually. This study unveils a promising alternative therapy that involves combining postbiotics and 1,25D3 for treating chemotherapy-induced gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Chen Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
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6
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Huang FC, Huang SC. The Hazards of Probiotics on Gut-Derived Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sepsis in Mice Undergoing Chemotherapy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:253. [PMID: 38397855 PMCID: PMC10886725 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a leading cause of nosocomial infections associated with a high mortality rate and represents a serious threat to human health and the increasing frequency of antimicrobial resistance. Cancer patients are more vulnerable to invasive infection due to ulcerative lesions in mucosal surfaces and immune suppression secondary to chemotherapy. In our in vitro study, we observed that probiotics have the potential to yield beneficial effects on intestinal epithelial cells infected with P. aeruginosa. Additionally, probiotics were found to confer advantageous effects on the innate immunity of mice suffering from Salmonella-induced colitis. As a result, we sought to investigate the impact of probiotics on gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis induced by chemotherapy. Following chemotherapy, gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis was induced in female C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks, which were raised under specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions in an animal center. Prior to the induction of the sepsis model, the mice were administered 1 × 108 colony-forming units (CFU) of the probiotics, namely Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Bifidobacterium longum (BL) via oral gavage. We observed that LGG or BL amplified the inflammatory mRNA expression in mice undergoing chemotherapy and suffering from gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis. This led to a heightened severity of colitis, as indicated by histological examination. Meanwhile, there was a notable decrease in the expression of antimicrobial peptide mRNA along with reduced levels of zonulin and claudin-2 protein staining within mucosal tissue. These alterations facilitated the translocation of bacteria to the liver, spleen, and bloodstream. To our astonishment, the introduction of probiotics exacerbated gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis in mice undergoing chemotherapy. Conclusively, we must be prudent when using probiotics in mice receiving chemotherapy complicated with gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Chen Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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7
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Yoon KN, Lee SJ, Keum GB, Song KY, Park JH, Song BS, Yu SY, Cho JH, Kim ES, Doo H, Kwak J, Kim S, Eun JB, Lee JH, Kim HB, Lee JH, Kim JK. Characteristics of Lactococcus petauri GB97 lysate isolated from porcine feces and its in vitro and in vivo effects on inflammation, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota composition in mice. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0133423. [PMID: 38019021 PMCID: PMC10782967 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01334-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Weaning is a crucial step in piglet management to improve pork production. During the weaning phase, disruption of epithelial barrier function and intestinal inflammation can lead to decreased absorption of nutrients and diarrhea. Therefore, maintaining a healthy intestine, epithelial barrier function, and gut microbiota composition in this crucial phase is strategic for optimal weaning in pigs. We isolated a lysate of Lactococcus petauri GB97 (LPL97) from healthy porcine feces and evaluated its anti-inflammatory activities, barrier integrity, and gut microbial changes in LPS-induced murine macrophages and DSS-induced colitis mice. We found that LPL97 regulated the immune response by downregulating the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, LPL97 alleviated the disruption of intestinal epithelial integrity and gut microbiota dysbiosis in colitis mice. This study indicates that LPL97 has the potential to be developed as an alternative feed additive to antibiotics for the swine industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Nam Yoon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gi Beom Keum
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ki-Young Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jong-Heum Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Beom-Seok Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Seung Yeob Yu
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Eun Sol Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Hyunok Doo
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jinok Kwak
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Sheena Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jong-Bang Eun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ju Huck Lee
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hoon Lee
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
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8
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Ungor I, Apidianakis Y. Bacterial synergies and antagonisms affecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence in the human lung, skin and intestine. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:141-155. [PMID: 37843410 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires a significant breach in the host defense to cause an infection. While its virulence factors are well studied, its tropism cannot be explained only by studying its interaction with the host. Why are P. aeruginosa infections so rare in the intestine compared with the lung and skin? There is not enough evidence to claim specificity in virulence factors deployed by P. aeruginosa in each anatomical site, and host physiology differences between the lung and the intestine cannot easily explain the observed differences in virulence. This perspective highlights a relatively overlooked parameter in P. aeruginosa virulence, namely, potential synergies with bacteria found in the human skin and lung, as well as antagonisms with bacteria of the human intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izel Ungor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, 2109, Cyprus
| | - Yiorgos Apidianakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, 2109, Cyprus
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9
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Zaccaria T, de Jonge MI, Domínguez-Andrés J, Netea MG, Beblo-Vranesevic K, Rettberg P. Survival of Environment-Derived Opportunistic Bacterial Pathogens to Martian Conditions: Is There a Concern for Human Missions to Mars? ASTROBIOLOGY 2024; 24:100-113. [PMID: 38227836 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2023.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The health of astronauts during space travel to new celestial bodies in the Solar System is a critical factor in the planning of a mission. Despite cleaning and decontamination protocols, microorganisms from the Earth have been and will be identified on spacecraft. This raises concerns for human safety and planetary protection, especially if these microorganisms can evolve and adapt to the new environment. In this study, we examined the tolerance of clinically relevant nonfastidious bacterial species that originate from environmental sources (Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens) to simulated martian conditions. Our research showed changes in growth and survival of these species in the presence of perchlorates, under desiccating conditions, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and exposure to martian atmospheric composition and pressure. In addition, our results demonstrate that growth was enhanced by the addition of a martian regolith simulant to the growth media. Additional future research is warranted to examine potential changes in the infectivity, pathogenicity, and virulence of these species with exposure to martian conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Zaccaria
- Research Group Astrobiology, Radiation Biology Department, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), Cologne, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marien I de Jonge
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristina Beblo-Vranesevic
- Research Group Astrobiology, Radiation Biology Department, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Petra Rettberg
- Research Group Astrobiology, Radiation Biology Department, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), Cologne, Germany
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10
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Tanniche I, Behkam B. Engineered live bacteria as disease detection and diagnosis tools. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:65. [PMID: 37875910 PMCID: PMC10598922 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitive and minimally invasive medical diagnostics are essential to the early detection of diseases, monitoring their progression and response to treatment. Engineered bacteria as live sensors are being developed as a new class of biosensors for sensitive, robust, noninvasive, and in situ detection of disease onset at low cost. Akin to microrobotic systems, a combination of simple genetic rules, basic logic gates, and complex synthetic bioengineering principles are used to program bacterial vectors as living machines for detecting biomarkers of diseases, some of which cannot be detected with other sensing technologies. Bacterial whole-cell biosensors (BWCBs) can have wide-ranging functions from detection only, to detection and recording, to closed-loop detection-regulated treatment. In this review article, we first summarize the unique benefits of bacteria as living sensors. We then describe the different bacteria-based diagnosis approaches and provide examples of diagnosing various diseases and disorders. We also discuss the use of bacteria as imaging vectors for disease detection and image-guided surgery. We conclude by highlighting current challenges and opportunities for further exploration toward clinical translation of these bacteria-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Tanniche
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Bahareh Behkam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- School of Biomedical Engineered and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- Center for Engineered Health, Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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11
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Kim H, Jang JH, Jung IY, Kim HR, Cho JH. Novel Genetically Engineered Probiotics for Targeted Elimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Intestinal Colonization. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2645. [PMID: 37893018 PMCID: PMC10604247 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal carriage rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are notably elevated in immunosuppressed individuals and hospitalized patients, increasing the risk of infection and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. A potential solution to this issue lies in autonomous antibacterial therapy, remaining inactive until a pathogen is detected, and releasing antibacterial compounds on demand to eliminate the pathogen. This study focuses on the development of genetically engineered probiotics capable of detecting and eradicating P. aeruginosa by producing and secreting PA2-GNU7, a P. aeruginosa-selective antimicrobial peptide (AMP), triggered by the presence of P. aeruginosa quorum-sensing molecule N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3OC12HSL). To achieve this goal, plasmid-based systems were constructed to produce AMPs in response to 3OC12HSL and secrete them into the extracellular medium using either the microcin V secretion system or YebF as a carrier protein. Following the transfer of these plasmid-based systems to Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), we successfully demonstrated the ability of the engineered EcN to express and secrete PA2-GNU7, leading to the inhibition of P. aeruginosa growth in vitro. In addition, in a mouse model of intestinal P. aeruginosa colonization, the administration of engineered EcN resulted in reduced levels of P. aeruginosa in both the feces and the colon. These findings suggest that engineered EcN holds promise as a potential option for combating intestinal P. aeruginosa colonization, thus mitigating the risk of future endogenous infections in vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kim
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Ju Hye Jang
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (J.H.J.)
| | - In Young Jung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (I.Y.J.); (H.R.K.)
| | - Ha Rang Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (I.Y.J.); (H.R.K.)
| | - Ju Hyun Cho
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (J.H.J.)
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (I.Y.J.); (H.R.K.)
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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12
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Hu Y, Wang S, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Liu C, Ju X, Zhou H, Cai C, Zhang R. A comparative study of intestinal Pseudomonas aeruginosa in healthy individuals and ICU inpatients. ONE HEALTH ADVANCES 2023; 1:13. [PMID: 37521531 PMCID: PMC10227385 DOI: 10.1186/s44280-023-00014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The human intestinal tract is considered the most important reservoir of the opportunistic pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is often overlooked but critical due to its antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Public health interventions to control this pathogen require a comprehensive understanding of its epidemiology and genomics. In the current study, we identified P. aeruginosa strains from 2,605 fecal samples collected between 2021 to 2022. Among these samples, 574 were from ICU inpatients in Zhejiang province, while 2,031 were obtained from healthy individuals residing in ten different provinces in China. The prevalence of P. aeruginosa intestinal carriage was found to be higher in ICU inpatients (10.28%, 95% CI: 7.79%-12.76%) than that in healthy individuals (3.99%, 81/2,031, 95% CI: 3.14%-4.84%). Similarly, the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) was higher in ICU inpatients (32.2%) compared to healthy individuals (7.41%). The population structure analysis of our isolates revealed a predominantly non-clonal distribution, with 41 distinct sequence types identified among 59 P. aeruginosa isolates from ICU inpatients and 38 different STs among 81 P. aeruginosa isolates from healthy individuals. These findings suggest that the individual acquisition of P. aeruginosa is more frequent than patient-to-patient transmission, as evidenced by the polyclonal population structure. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and genome analysis indicated that P. aeruginosa strains from ICU inpatients exhibited significantly higher resistance rates to most antimicrobials and harbored a greater number of acquired resistance genes compared to strains from healthy individuals. Notably, in ICU inpatients, we identified three isolates of ST463, all of which shared the conserved Tn3-TnpR-ISKpn8-blaKPC-ISKpn6 genetic context. Additionally, five isolates carrying the qacE gene were also identified, these findings suggest that small-scale transmission events may still occur within the ICU setting, posing significant challenges for clinical management. With regard to virulence factors, we observed similar profiles between the two groups, except for phzA2, phzB2, and pilA, which were statistically higher in isolates from healthy individuals. This may be because the accumulating resistance mutations in ICU-derived P. aeruginosa are linked to a decrease in virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Siheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Xiaoyang Ju
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Chang Cai
- Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
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13
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Tabare E, Dauchot T, Cochez C, Glonti T, Antoine C, Laforêt F, Pirnay JP, Delcenserie V, Thiry D, Goole J. Eudragit ® FS Microparticles Containing Bacteriophages, Prepared by Spray-Drying for Oral Administration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1602. [PMID: 37376051 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phage therapy is recognized to be a promising alternative to fight antibiotic-resistant infections. In the quest for oral dosage forms containing bacteriophages, the utilization of colonic-release Eudragit® derivatives has shown potential in shielding bacteriophages from the challenges encountered within the gastrointestinal tract, such as fluctuating pH levels and the presence of digestive enzymes. Consequently, this study aimed to develop targeted oral delivery systems for bacteriophages, specifically focusing on colon delivery and employing Eudragit® FS30D as the excipient. The bacteriophage model used was LUZ19. An optimized formulation was established to not only preserve the activity of LUZ19 during the manufacturing process but also ensure its protection from highly acidic conditions. Flowability assessments were conducted for both capsule filling and tableting processes. Furthermore, the viability of the bacteriophages remained unaffected by the tableting process. Additionally, the release of LUZ19 from the developed system was evaluated using the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) model. Finally, stability studies demonstrated that the powder remained stable for at least 6 months when stored at +5 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Tabare
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Tiffany Dauchot
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Christel Cochez
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tea Glonti
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Antoine
- Food Science Department, FARAH and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Bacteriology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, FARAH and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Fanny Laforêt
- Food Science Department, FARAH and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Bacteriology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, FARAH and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Pirnay
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Delcenserie
- Food Science Department, FARAH and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Damien Thiry
- Bacteriology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, FARAH and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Goole
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
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14
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Sarkhandia S, Devi M, Sharma G, Mahajan R, Chadha P, Saini HS, Kaur S. Larvicidal, growth inhibitory and biochemical effects of soil bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. EN4 against Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:95. [PMID: 37013477 PMCID: PMC10069027 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) also known as tobacco caterpillar, is one of the most serious polyphagous pests that cause economic losses to a variety of commercially important agricultural crops. Over the past few years, many conventional insecticides have been used to control this pest. However, the indiscriminate use of these chemicals has led to development of insecticide resistant populations of S. litura in addition to harmful effects on environment. Due to these ill effects, the emphasis is being laid on alternative eco-friendly control measures. Microbial control is one of the important components of integrated pest management. Thus, in search for novel biocontrol agents, the current work was carried out with the aim to evaluate the insecticidal potential of soil bacteria against S. litura. RESULTS Among the tested soil bacterial isolates (EN1, EN2, AA5, EN4 and R1), maximum mortality (74%) was exhibited by Pseudomonas sp. (EN4). The larval mortality rate increased in a dose-dependent manner. Bacterial infection also significantly delayed the larval development, reduced adult emergence, and induced morphological deformities in adults of S. litura. Adverse effects were also detected on various nutritional parameters. The infected larvae showed a significant decrease in relative growth and consumption rate as well as efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food to biomass. Histopathological studies indicated damage to the midgut epithelial layer of larvae due to the consumption of bacteria treated diet. The infected larvae also showed a significantly decreased level of various digestive enzymes. Furthermore, exposure to Pseudomonas sp. also caused DNA damage in the hemocytes of S. litura larvae. CONCLUSION Adverse effects of Pseudomonas sp. EN4 on various biological parameters of S. litura indicate that this soil bacterial strain may be used as an effective biocontrol agent against insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunaina Sarkhandia
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Meena Devi
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Geetika Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Rohit Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Harvinder Singh Saini
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Sanehdeep Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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15
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Gut to lung translocation and antibiotic mediated selection shape the dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an ICU patient. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6523. [PMID: 36414617 PMCID: PMC9681761 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have the potential to translocate between sites in the human body, but the dynamics and consequences of within-host bacterial migration remain poorly understood. Here we investigate the link between gut and lung Pseudomonas aeruginosa populations in an intensively sampled ICU patient using a combination of genomics, isolate phenotyping, host immunity profiling, and clinical data. Crucially, we show that lung colonization in the ICU was driven by the translocation of P. aeruginosa from the gut. Meropenem treatment for a suspected urinary tract infection selected for elevated resistance in both the gut and lung. However, resistance was driven by parallel evolution in the gut and lung coupled with organ specific selective pressures, and translocation had only a minor impact on AMR. These findings suggest that reducing intestinal colonization of Pseudomonas may be an effective way to prevent lung infections in critically ill patients.
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16
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Geng S, Li Q, Zhou X, Zheng J, Liu H, Zeng J, Yang R, Fu H, Hao F, Feng Q, Qi B. Gut commensal E. coli outer membrane proteins activate the host food digestive system through neural-immune communication. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:1401-1416.e8. [PMID: 36057258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract facilitates food digestion, with the gut microbiota playing pivotal roles in nutrient breakdown and absorption. However, the microbial molecules and downstream signaling pathways that activate food digestion remain unexplored. Here, by establishing a food digestion system in C. elegans, we discover that food breakdown is regulated by the interaction between bacterial outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and a neural-immune pathway. E. coli OmpF/A activate digestion by increasing the neuropeptide NLP-12 that acts on the receptor CCKR. NLP-12 is homologous to mammalian cholecystokinin, known to stimulate dopamine, and we found that loss of dopamine receptors or addition of a dopamine antagonist inhibited OMP-mediated digestion. Dopamine and NLP-12-CKR-1 converge to inhibit PMK-1/p38 innate immune signaling. Moreover, directly inhibiting PMK-1/p38 boosts food digestion. This study uncovers a role of bacterial OMPs in regulating animal nutrient uptake and supports a key role for innate immunity in digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengya Geng
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qian Li
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Junkang Zheng
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ruizhi Yang
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Herui Fu
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fanrui Hao
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qianxu Feng
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bin Qi
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
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17
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Paprocka P, Durnaś B, Mańkowska A, Król G, Wollny T, Bucki R. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Cancer Patients. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060679. [PMID: 35745533 PMCID: PMC9230571 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most frequent opportunistic microorganisms causing infections in oncological patients, especially those with neutropenia. Through its ability to adapt to difficult environmental conditions and high intrinsic resistance to antibiotics, it successfully adapts and survives in the hospital environment, causing sporadic infections and outbreaks. It produces a variety of virulence factors that damage host cells, evade host immune responses, and permit colonization and infections of hospitalized patients, who usually develop blood stream, respiratory, urinary tract and skin infections. The wide intrinsic and the increasing acquired resistance of P. aeruginosa to antibiotics make the treatment of infections caused by this microorganism a growing challenge. Although novel antibiotics expand the arsenal of antipseudomonal drugs, they do not show activity against all strains, e.g., MBL (metalo-β-lactamase) producers. Moreover, resistance to novel antibiotics has already emerged. Consequently, preventive methods such as limiting the transmission of resistant strains, active surveillance screening for MDR (multidrug-resistant) strains colonization, microbiological diagnostics, antimicrobial stewardship and antibiotic prophylaxis are of particular importance in cancer patients. Unfortunately, surveillance screening in the case of P. aeruginosa is not highly effective, and a fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in the era of increasing resistance to antibiotics is controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Paprocka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (P.P.); (B.D.); (A.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Bonita Durnaś
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (P.P.); (B.D.); (A.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Angelika Mańkowska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (P.P.); (B.D.); (A.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Grzegorz Król
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (P.P.); (B.D.); (A.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Tomasz Wollny
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (P.P.); (B.D.); (A.M.); (G.K.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Jana Kilińśkiego 1 Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-54-83
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18
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Pinnell LJ, Whitlow CW, Huebner KL, Bryant TC, Martin J, Belk KE, Morley PS. Not All Liver Abscesses Are Created Equal: The Impact of Tylosin and Antibiotic Alternatives on Bovine Liver Abscess Microbial Communities and a First Look at Bacteroidetes-Dominated Communities. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:882419. [PMID: 35572696 PMCID: PMC9094069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.882419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver abscesses (LAs) are extremely prevalent in cattle and result in significant economic losses due to liver condemnation, decreased growth and production, and lower carcass quality. LAs are commonly attributed to the transition to diets high in rapidly fermentable starch which results in rumen epithelial inflammation that allows pathogenic bacteria to gain entry to liver through transport via the hepatic portal vein. The most common intervention for LAs is the inclusion of antibiotics in feedlot diets, under the supervision of a veterinarian; this treatment is associated with reduced occurrence of LAs in this and other studies. Here, through the largest LA 16S rRNA gene sequencing study to date, we demonstrate that the inclusion of tylosin and antibiotic alternatives (the essential oil limonene and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product) had little impact on LA microbial community composition. Importantly, members of Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides spp. and Porphyromonas spp.) were identified as the dominant taxa in conjunction with low proportions of Fusobacteria in nearly a quarter (61/259) of all LA communities analyzed in this study. The relative abundances of the phyla Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes had a strongly negative correlation, and LA microbial communities rarely contained high abundances of both of these dominant phyla. Further, based on the presence of taxa discriminant of Bacteroidetes-dominated LAs within over 400 bovine gut communities, we provide evidence suggestive of Bacteroidetes-dominated abscess communities originating in more distal portions of the bovine gut. Together, these findings suggest that some LA microbial communities may originate from portions of the gut other than the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J Pinnell
- Veterinary Education, Research, and Outreach Program, Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX, United States
| | - Carla Weissend Whitlow
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Katherine L Huebner
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Tony C Bryant
- Five River Cattle Feeding, Johnstown, CO, United States
| | - Jennifer Martin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Keith E Belk
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Paul S Morley
- Veterinary Education, Research, and Outreach Program, Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX, United States.,Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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19
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Dar HH, Epperly MW, Tyurin VA, Amoscato AA, Anthonymuthu TS, Souryavong AB, Kapralov AA, Shurin GV, Samovich SN, St. Croix CM, Watkins SC, Wenzel SE, Mallampalli RK, Greenberger JS, Bayır H, Kagan VE, Tyurina YY. P. aeruginosa augments irradiation injury via 15-lipoxygenase-catalyzed generation of 15-HpETE-PE and induction of theft-ferroptosis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:156013. [PMID: 35041620 PMCID: PMC8876480 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Total body irradiation (TBI) targets sensitive bone marrow hematopoietic cells and gut epithelial cells, causing their death and inducing a state of immunodeficiency combined with intestinal dysbiosis and nonproductive immune responses. We found enhanced Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) colonization of the gut leading to host cell death and strikingly decreased survival of irradiated mice. The PAO1-driven pathogenic mechanism includes theft-ferroptosis realized via (a) curbing of the host antiferroptotic system, GSH/GPx4, and (b) employing bacterial 15-lipoxygenase to generate proferroptotic signal - 15-hydroperoxy-arachidonoyl-PE (15-HpETE-PE) - in the intestines of irradiated and PAO1-infected mice. Global redox phospholipidomics of the ileum revealed that lysophospholipids and oxidized phospholipids, particularly oxidized phosphatidylethanolamine (PEox), represented the major factors that contributed to the pathogenic changes induced by total body irradiation and infection by PAO1. A lipoxygenase inhibitor, baicalein, significantly attenuated animal lethality, PAO1 colonization, intestinal epithelial cell death, and generation of ferroptotic PEox signals. Opportunistic PAO1 mechanisms included stimulation of the antiinflammatory lipoxin A4, production and suppression of the proinflammatory hepoxilin A3, and leukotriene B4. Unearthing complex PAO1 pathogenic/virulence mechanisms, including effects on the host anti/proinflammatory responses, lipid metabolism, and ferroptotic cell death, points toward potentially new therapeutic and radiomitigative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider H. Dar
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael W. Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vladimir A. Tyurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew A. Amoscato
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tamil S. Anthonymuthu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Austin B. Souryavong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander A. Kapralov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Galina V. Shurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Svetlana N. Samovich
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sally E. Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rama K. Mallampalli
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joel S. Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hülya Bayır
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Valerian E. Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Chemistry, Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yulia Y. Tyurina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Adsorption of extracellular proteases and pyocyanin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a macroporous magnesium oxide-templated carbon decreases cytotoxicity. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2022; 3:100160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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21
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Wu T, Gagnon A, McGourty K, DosSantos R, Chanetsa L, Zhang B, Bello D, Kelleher SL. Zinc Exposure Promotes Commensal-to-Pathogen Transition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Leading to Mucosal Inflammation and Illness in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13321. [PMID: 34948118 PMCID: PMC8705841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is associated gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation and illness; however, factors motivating commensal-to-pathogen transition are unclear. Excessive zinc intake from supplements is common in humans. Due to the fact that zinc exposure enhances P. aeruginosa colonization in vitro, we hypothesized zinc exposure broadly activates virulence mechanisms, leading to inflammation and illness. P. aeruginosa was treated with excess zinc and growth, expression and secretion of key virulence factors, and biofilm production were determined. Effects on invasion, barrier function, and cytotoxicity were evaluated in Caco-2 cells co-cultured with P. aeruginosa pre-treated with zinc. Effects on colonization, mucosal pathology, inflammation, and illness were evaluated in mice infected with P. aeruginosa pre-treated with zinc. We found the expression and secretion of key virulence factors involved in quorum sensing (QS), motility (type IV pili, flagella), biosurfactants (rhamnolipids), toxins (exotoxin A), zinc homeostasis (CzcR), and biofilm production, were all significantly increased. Zinc exposure significantly increased P. aeruginosa invasion, permeability and cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells, and enhanced colonization, inflammation, mucosal damage, and illness in mice. Excess zinc exposure has broad effects on key virulence mechanisms promoting commensal-to-pathogen transition of P. aeruginosa and illness in mice, suggesting excess zinc intake may have adverse effects on GI health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shannon L. Kelleher
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 883 Broadway Street, Dugan Hall 110R, Lowell, MA 01852, USA; (T.W.); (A.G.); (K.M.); (R.D.); (L.C.); (B.Z.); (D.B.)
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22
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Liu L, Xie K, Yin M, Chen X, Chen B, Ke J, Wang C. Serum potassium, albumin and vitamin B 12 as potential oxidative stress markers of fungal peritonitis. Ann Med 2021; 53:2132-2141. [PMID: 34779336 PMCID: PMC8604478 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1999489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS) have been poorly explored in fungal peritonitis (FP). Potassium is a regulator of pro-oxidants and antioxidants. Albumin and vitamin B12 (B12) are vital antioxidant agents in the circulatory system. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidative role of serum potassium, albumin and B12 in FP. METHODS Serum levels of potassium, albumin and B12 were retrospectively analyzed in 21 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of FP, 105 bacterial peritonitis (BP) patients and 210 patients receiving peritoneal dialysis without peritonitis. RESULTS Serum levels of potassium, albumin and B12 were lower in FP patients than in BP patients. Serum potassium concentration was statistically related to albumin concentration in peritonitis patients. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis suggested that serum level of potassium and albumin were independent risk factors of FP when compared with BP. Lower potassium and B12 levels were independently associated with higher rates of technique failure in peritonitis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest lower serum potassium, albumin and B12 as potential oxidative stress markers of FP and raise the hypothesis that an increased level of OS could contribute to FP.KEY MESSAGESFP remains a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), with higher morbidity (1-23.8%) and mortality (2-25%), and oxidative stress plays a role in it.Our study suggested serum potassium, albumin and vitamin B12 as potential oxidative stress markers of fungal peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Kehang Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai, China
| | - Mengmeng Yin
- Department of Nephrology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Binhuan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianting Ke
- Department of Nephrology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
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23
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Morin CD, Déziel E, Gauthier J, Levesque RC, Lau GW. An Organ System-Based Synopsis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence. Virulence 2021; 12:1469-1507. [PMID: 34180343 PMCID: PMC8237970 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1926408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven in part by its metabolic versatility, high intrinsic antibiotic resistance, and a large repertoire of virulence factors, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is expertly adapted to thrive in a wide variety of environments, and in the process, making it a notorious opportunistic pathogen. Apart from the extensively studied chronic infection in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), P. aeruginosa also causes multiple serious infections encompassing essentially all organs of the human body, among others, lung infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, primary ciliary dyskinesia and ventilator-associated pneumonia; bacteremia and sepsis; soft tissue infection in burns, open wounds and postsurgery patients; urinary tract infection; diabetic foot ulcers; chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa; and keratitis associated with extended contact lens use. Although well characterized in the context of CF, pathogenic processes mediated by various P. aeruginosa virulence factors in other organ systems remain poorly understood. In this review, we use an organ system-based approach to provide a synopsis of disease mechanisms exerted by P. aeruginosa virulence determinants that contribute to its success as a versatile pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Morin
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeff Gauthier
- Département De Microbiologie-infectiologie Et Immunologie, Institut De Biologie Intégrative Et Des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roger C Levesque
- Département De Microbiologie-infectiologie Et Immunologie, Institut De Biologie Intégrative Et Des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, US
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24
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Teoh MC, Furusawa G, Veera Singham G. Multifaceted interactions between the pseudomonads and insects: mechanisms and prospects. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1891-1915. [PMID: 33634321 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Insects and bacteria are the most widespread groups of organisms found in nearly all habitats on earth, establishing diverse interactions that encompass the entire range of possible symbiotic associations from strict parasitism to obligate mutualism. The complexity of their interactions is instrumental in shaping the roles of insects in the environment, meanwhile ensuring the survival and persistence of the associated bacteria. This review aims to provide detailed insight on the multifaceted symbiosis between one of the most versatile bacterial genera, Pseudomonas (Gammaproteobacteria: Pseudomonadaceae) and a diverse group of insect species. The Pseudomonas engages with varied interactions with insects, being either a pathogen or beneficial endosymbiont, as well as using insects as vectors. In addition, this review also provides updates on existing and potential applications of Pseudomonas and their numerous insecticidal metabolites as biocontrol agents against pest insects for the improvement of integrated pest management strategies. Here, we have summarized several known modes of action and the virulence factors of entomopathogenic Pseudomonas strains essential for their pathogenicity against insects. Meanwhile, the beneficial interactions between pseudomonads and insects are currently limited to a few known insect taxa, despite numerous studies reporting identification of pseudomonads in the guts and haemocoel of various insect species. The vector-symbiont association between pseudomonads and insects can be diverse from strict phoresy to a role switch from commensalism to parasitism following a dose-dependent response. Overall, the pseudomonads appeared to have evolved independently to be either exclusively pathogenic or beneficial towards insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Ching Teoh
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Go Furusawa
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - G Veera Singham
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.
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25
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Cai L, Chen Q, Yao Z, Sun Q, Wu L, Ni Y. Glucocorticoid receptors involved in melatonin inhibiting cell apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation caused by bacterial toxin pyocyanin in colon. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:478-489. [PMID: 33189867 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immunoinhibitory effect of glucocorticoid and immunoenhancing attributes of melatonin (MEL) are well known, however, the involvement of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in melatonin modulation of bacterial toxins caused-inflammation has not been studied in colon. Pyocyanin (PCN), a toxin released by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can destroy cells through generating superoxide products and inflammatory response. Here we report that PCN treatment elevated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which further lead to mitochondrial swelling and caspase cascades activation both in vivo and in vitro. However, MEL treatment alleviated the oxidative stress caused by PCN on cells through scavenging ROS and restoring the expression of antioxidant enzyme so that to effectively alleviate the apoptosis. Large amounts of ROS can activate the NLRP3 signaling pathway, so MEL inhibited PCN induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α) secretion. In order to further investigate the molecular mechanism, goblet cells were exposed to MEL and PCN in the presence of luzindole and RU486, inhibitors of MEL receptors and GR respectively. It was found that PCN significantly inhibited the expression level of GR, and MEL effectively alleviated the inhibition phenomenon. Moreover, we found that MEL mainly upregulated the expression of GR to achieve its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic functions rather than through its own receptor (MT2) in colon goblet cells. Therefore, MEL can reverse the inhibitory effects of PCN on GR/p-GR expression to present its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuping Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Qu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Zhihao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Qinwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Lei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Yingdong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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26
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Phuengmaung P, Somparn P, Panpetch W, Singkham-In U, Wannigama DL, Chatsuwan T, Leelahavanichkul A. Coexistence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa With Candida albicans Enhances Biofilm Thickness Through Alginate-Related Extracellular Matrix but Is Attenuated by N-acetyl-l-cysteine. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:594336. [PMID: 33330136 PMCID: PMC7732535 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.594336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria and Candidaalbicans are prominent gut microbiota, and the translocation of these organisms into blood circulation might induce mixed-organism biofilms, which warrants the exploration of mixed- versus single-organism biofilms in vitro and in vivo. In single-organism biofilms, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) produced the least and the most prominent biofilms, respectively. C. albicans with P. aeruginosa (PA+CA) induced the highest biofilms among mixed-organism groups as determined by crystal violet straining. The sessile form of PA+CA induced higher macrophage responses than sessile PA, which supports enhanced immune activation toward mixed-organism biofilms. In addition, Candida incubated in pre-formed Pseudomonas biofilms (PA>CA) produced even higher biofilms than PA+CA (simultaneous incubation of both organisms) as determined by fluorescent staining on biofilm matrix (AF647 color). Despite the initially lower bacteria during preparation, bacterial burdens by culture in mixed-organism biofilms (PA+CA and PA>CA) were not different from biofilms of PA alone, supporting Candida-enhanced Pseudomonas growth. Moreover, proteomic analysis in PA>CA biofilms demonstrated high AlgU and mucA with low mucB when compared with PA alone or PA+CA, implying an alginate-related mucoid phenotype in PA>CA biofilms. Furthermore, mice with PA>CA biofilms demonstrated higher bacteremia with more severe sepsis compared with mice with PA+CA biofilms. This is possibly due to the different structures. Interestingly, l-cysteine, a biofilm matrix inhibitor, attenuated mixed-organism biofilms both in vitro and in mice. In conclusion, Candida enhanced Pseudomonas alginate–related biofilm production, and Candida presentation in pre-formed Pseudomonas biofilms might alter biofilm structures that affect clinical manifestations but was attenuated by l-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornpimol Phuengmaung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poorichaya Somparn
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wimonrat Panpetch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Uthaibhorn Singkham-In
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Tanittha Chatsuwan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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27
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Hu Y, Anes J, Devineau S, Fanning S. Klebsiella pneumoniae: Prevalence, Reservoirs, Antimicrobial Resistance, Pathogenicity, and Infection: A Hitherto Unrecognized Zoonotic Bacterium. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020; 18:63-84. [PMID: 33124929 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered an opportunistic pathogen, constituting an ongoing health concern for immunocompromised patients, the elderly, and neonates. Reports on the isolation of K. pneumoniae from other sources are increasing, many of which express multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Three phylogroups were identified based on nucleotide differences. Niche environments, including plants, animals, and humans appear to be colonized by different phylogroups, among which KpI (K. pneumoniae) is commonly associated with human infection. Infections with K. pneumoniae can be transmitted through contaminated food or water and can be associated with community-acquired infections or between persons and animals involved in hospital-acquired infections. Increasing reports are describing detections along the food chain, suggesting the possibility exists that this could be a hitherto unexplored reservoir for this opportunistic bacterial pathogen. Expression of MDR phenotypes elaborated by these bacteria is due to the nature of various plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-encoding genes, and is a challenge to animal, environmental, and human health alike. Raman spectroscopy has the potential to provide for the rapid identification and screening of antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella isolates. Moreover, hypervirulent isolates linked with extraintestinal infections express phenotypes that may support their niche adaptation. In this review, the prevalence, reservoirs, AMR, Raman spectroscopy detection, and pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae are summarized and various extraintestinal infection pathways are further narrated to extend our understanding of its adaptation and survival ability in reservoirs, and associated disease risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Hu
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Science Centre South, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - João Anes
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Science Centre South, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Séamus Fanning
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Science Centre South, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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28
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Kudelka MR, Stowell SR, Cummings RD, Neish AS. Intestinal epithelial glycosylation in homeostasis and gut microbiota interactions in IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:597-617. [PMID: 32710014 PMCID: PMC8211394 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-020-0331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects 6.8 million people globally. A variety of factors have been implicated in IBD pathogenesis, including host genetics, immune dysregulation and gut microbiota alterations. Emerging evidence implicates intestinal epithelial glycosylation as an underappreciated process that interfaces with these three factors. IBD is associated with increased expression of truncated O-glycans as well as altered expression of terminal glycan structures. IBD genes, glycosyltransferase mislocalization, altered glycosyltransferase and glycosidase expression and dysbiosis drive changes in the glycome. These glycan changes disrupt the mucus layer, glycan-lectin interactions, host-microorganism interactions and mucosal immunity, and ultimately contribute to IBD pathogenesis. Epithelial glycans are especially critical in regulating the gut microbiota through providing bacterial ligands and nutrients and ultimately determining the spatial organization of the gut microbiota. In this Review, we discuss the regulation of intestinal epithelial glycosylation, altered epithelial glycosylation in IBD and mechanisms for how these alterations contribute to disease pathobiology. We hope that this Review provides a foundation for future studies on IBD glycosylation and the emergence of glycan-inspired therapies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kudelka
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew S Neish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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29
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Differential Modulation of Listeria monocytogenes Fitness, In Vitro Virulence, and Transcription of Virulence-Associated Genes in Response to the Presence of Different Microorganisms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.01165-20. [PMID: 32591377 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01165-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between Listeria monocytogenes and food-associated or environmental bacteria are critical not only for the growth but also for a number of key biological processes of the microorganism. In this regard, limited information exists on the impact of other microorganisms on the virulence of L. monocytogenes In this study, the growth of L. monocytogenes was evaluated in a single culture or in coculture with L. innocua, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in tryptic soy broth (10°C/10 days and 37°C/24 h). Transcriptional levels of 9 key virulence genes (inlA, inlB, inlC, inlJ, sigB, prfA, hly, plcA, and plcB) and invasion efficiency and intracellular growth in Caco-2 cells were determined for L. monocytogenes following growth in mono- or coculture for 3 days at 10°C or 9 h at 37°C. The growth of L. monocytogenes was negatively affected by the presence of L. innocua and B. subtilis, while the effect of cell-to-cell contact on L. monocytogenes growth was dependent on the competing microorganism. Cocultivation affected the in vitro virulence properties of L. monocytogenes in a microorganism-specific manner, with L. innocua mainly enhancing and B. subtilis reducing the invasion of the pathogen in Caco-2 cells. Assessment of the mRNA levels of L. monocytogenes virulence genes in the presence of the four tested bacteria revealed a complex pattern in which the observed up- or downregulation was only partially correlated with growth or in vitro virulence and mainly suggested that L. monocytogenes may display a microorganism-specific transcriptional response.IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes is the etiological agent of the severe foodborne disease listeriosis. Important insight regarding the physiology and the infection biology of this microorganism has been acquired in the past 20 years. However, despite the fact that L. monocytogenes coexists with various microorganisms throughout its life cycle and during transmission from the environment to foods and then to the host, there is still limited knowledge related to the impact of surrounding microorganisms on L. monocytogenes' biological functions. In this study, we showed that L. monocytogenes modulates specific biological activities (i.e., growth and virulence potential) as a response to coexisting microorganisms and differentially alters the expression of virulence-associated genes when confronted with different bacterial genera and species. Our work suggests that the interaction with different bacteria plays a key role in the survival strategies of L. monocytogenes and supports the need to incorporate biotic factors into the research conducted to identify mechanisms deployed by this organism for establishment in different environments.
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30
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Wu R, Li X, Ma N, Jin X, Yuan X, Qu C, Tang H, Liu Z, Zhang Z. Bacterial Quorum Sensing Molecules Promote Allergic Airway Inflammation by Activating the Retinoic Acid Response. iScience 2020; 23:101288. [PMID: 32622265 PMCID: PMC7334417 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE and IgG1 production in the type 2 immune response is the characteristic feature of an allergic reaction. However, whether bacterial molecules modulate IgE and IgG1 production remains obscure. Here, we demonstrate that the bacterial quorum sensing molecules acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) induce IgE and IgG1 production by activating the RARE (retinoic acid response element) response in dendritic cells (DCs) in vivo. DC-specific knockout of the retinoic acid transcriptional factor Rara diminished the AHL-stimulated type 2 immune response in vitro. AHLs altered DC phenotype, upregulated OX40L and IFN-I signature, and promoted T helper 2 cell differentiation in vitro. Finally, AHLs activated the RARE response by inhibiting AKT phosphorylation in vitro, as the AKT agonists IGF-1 and PDGF abolished the effect of AHLs on the RARE response. This study demonstrates a mechanism by which AHLs drive allergic airway inflammation through activating retinoic acid signaling in DCs. Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) exacerbate allergic airway inflammation AHLs induce IgE and IgG1 production AHLs activate the RARE response in dendritic cells AHLs inhibit AKT phosphorylation
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Affiliation(s)
- Renlan Wu
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Xingjie Li
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiufeng Jin
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiefang Yuan
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chen Qu
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zongde Zhang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China.
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31
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Walker JN, Poppler LH, Pinkner CL, Hultgren SJ, Myckatyn TM. Establishment and Characterization of Bacterial Infection of Breast Implants in a Murine Model. Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40:516-528. [PMID: 31259380 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjz190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most common causes of Gram-positive and Gram-negative breast implant-associated infection. Little is known about how these bacteria infect breast implants as a function of implant surface characteristics and timing of infection. OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to establish a mouse model for studying the impact of various conditions on breast implant infection. METHODS Ninety-one mice were implanted with 273 breast implant shells and infected with S. epidermidis or P. aeruginosa. Smooth, microtextured, and macrotextured breast implant shells were implanted in each mouse. Bacterial inoculation occurred during implantation or 1 day later. Implants were retrieved 1 or 7 days later. Explanted breast implant shells were sonicated, cultured, and colony-forming units determined or analyzed with scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS P. aeruginosa could be detected on all device surfaces at 1- and 7- days post infection (dpi), when mice were implanted and infected concurrently or when they were infected 1- day after implantation. However, P. aeruginosa infection was more robust on implant shells retrieved at 7 dpi and particularly on the macrotextured devices that were infected 1 day post implantation. S. epidermidis was mostly cleared from implants when mice were infected and implanted concurrently. Other the other hand, S. epidermidis could be detected on all device surfaces at 1 dpi and 2 days post implantation. However, S. epidermdis infection was suppressed by 7 dpi and 8 days post implantation. CONCLUSIONS S. epidermidis required higher inoculating doses to cause infection and was cleared within 7 days. P. aeruginosa infected at lower inoculating doses, with robust biofilms noted 7 days later.
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Crone S, Vives-Flórez M, Kvich L, Saunders AM, Malone M, Nicolaisen MH, Martínez-García E, Rojas-Acosta C, Catalina Gomez-Puerto M, Calum H, Whiteley M, Kolter R, Bjarnsholt T. The environmental occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. APMIS 2019; 128:220-231. [PMID: 31709616 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is generally described as ubiquitous in natural settings, such as soil and water. However, because anecdotal observations and published reports have questioned whether or not this description is true, we undertook a rigorous study using three methods to investigate the occurrence of P. aeruginosa: We investigated environmental samples, analyzed 16S rRNA data, and undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data. The environmental sample screening identified P. aeruginosa as significantly associated with hydrocarbon and pesticide-contaminated environments and feces, as compared to uncontaminated environments in which its prevalence was relatively low. The 16S rRNA data analysis showed that P. aeruginosa sequences were present in all habitats but were most abundant in samples from human and animals. Similarly, the meta-analysis revealed that samples obtained from environments with intense human contact had a higher prevalence of P. aeruginosa compared to those with less human contact. Thus, we found a clear tendency of P. aeruginosa to be present in places closely linked with human activity. Although P. aeruginosa may be ubiquitous in nature, it is usually scarce in pristine environments. Thus, we suggest that P. aeruginosa should be described as a bacterium largely found in locations associated with human activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Crone
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martha Vives-Flórez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lasse Kvich
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aaron M Saunders
- Department of Laboratory, Food and Environmental Science, Business Academy Aarhus, Viby J, Denmark
| | - Matthew Malone
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.,South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mette H Nicolaisen
- Section for Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Esteban Martínez-García
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Systems Biology Program, National Center of Biotechnology CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Henrik Calum
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marvin Whiteley
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory-Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Roberto Kolter
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Metabolic output defines Escherichia coli as a health-promoting microbe against intestinal Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14463. [PMID: 31595010 PMCID: PMC6783455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota acts as a barrier against intestinal pathogens, but species-specific protection of the host from infection remains relatively unexplored. Although lactobacilli and bifidobacteria produce beneficial lactic and short-chain fatty acids in the mammalian gut, the significance of intestinal Escherichia coli producing these acids is debatable. Taking a Koch’s postulates approach in reverse, we define Escherichia coli as health-promoting for naturally colonizing the gut of healthy mice and protecting them against intestinal colonization and concomitant mortality by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Reintroduction of faecal bacteria and E. coli in antibiotic-treated mice establishes a high titre of E. coli in the host intestine and increases defence against P. aeruginosa colonization and mortality. Strikingly, high sugar concentration favours E. coli fermentation to lactic and acetic acid and inhibits P. aeruginosa growth and virulence in aerobic cultures and in a model of aerobic metabolism in flies, while dietary vegetable fats - not carbohydrates or proteins - favour E. coli fermentation and protect the host in the anaerobic mouse gut. Thus E. coli metabolic output is an important indicator of resistance to infection. Our work may also suggest that the lack of antimicrobial bacterial metabolites in mammalian lungs and wounds allows P. aeruginosa to be a formidable microbe at these sites.
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Liu G, Mateer SW, Hsu A, Goggins BJ, Tay H, Mathe A, Fan K, Neal R, Bruce J, Burns G, Minahan K, Maltby S, Fricker M, Foster PS, Wark PAB, Hansbro PM, Keely S. Platelet activating factor receptor regulates colitis-induced pulmonary inflammation through the NLRP3 inflammasome. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:862-873. [PMID: 30976089 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM) are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). One such EIM is sub-clinical pulmonary inflammation, which occurs in up to 50% of IBD patients. In animal models of colitis, pulmonary inflammation is driven by neutrophilic infiltrations, primarily in response to the systemic bacteraemia and increased bacterial load in the lungs. Platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) plays a critical role in regulating pulmonary responses to infection in conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. We investigated the role of PAFR in pulmonary EIMs of IBD, using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and anti-CD40 murine models of colitis. Both models induced neutrophilic inflammation, with increased TNF and IL-1β levels, bacterial load and PAFR protein expression in mouse lungs. Antagonism of PAFR decreased lung neutrophilia, TNF, and IL-1β in an NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent manner. Lipopolysaccharide from phosphorylcholine (ChoP)-positive bacteria induced NLRP3 and caspase-1 proteins in human alveolar epithelial cells, however antagonism of PAFR prevented NLRP3 activation by ChoP. Amoxicillin reduced bacterial populations in the lungs and reduced NLRP3 inflammasome protein levels, but did not reduce PAFR. These data suggest a role for PAFR in microbial pattern recognition and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean W Mateer
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan Hsu
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Bridie J Goggins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Hock Tay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Mathe
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kening Fan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Neal
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Bruce
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace Burns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kyra Minahan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven Maltby
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Fricker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul S Foster
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. .,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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Hormonal regulation of Na +-K +-ATPase from the evolutionary perspective. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2019; 83:315-351. [PMID: 31196608 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Na+-K+-ATPase, an α/β heterodimer, is an ancient enzyme that maintains Na+ and K+ gradients, thus preserving cellular ion homeostasis. In multicellular organisms, this basic housekeeping function is integrated to fulfill the needs of specialized organs and preserve whole-body homeostasis. In vertebrates, Na+-K+-ATPase is essential for many fundamental physiological processes, such as nerve conduction, muscle contraction, nutrient absorption, and urine excretion. During vertebrate evolution, three key developments contributed to diversification and integration of Na+-K+-ATPase functions. Generation of novel α- and β-subunits led to formation of multiple Na+-K+-ATPase isoenyzmes with distinct functional characteristics. Development of a complex endocrine system enabled efficient coordination of diverse Na+-K+-ATPase functions. Emergence of FXYDs, small transmembrane proteins that regulate Na+-K+-ATPase, opened new ways to modulate its function. FXYDs are a vertebrate innovation and an important site of hormonal action, suggesting they played an especially prominent role in evolving interaction between Na+-K+-ATPase and the endocrine system in vertebrates.
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Ma L, Zhou L, Lin J, Ji J, Wang Y, Jiang H, Shen X, Lu Z. Manipulation of the silkworm immune system by a metalloprotease from the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:176-185. [PMID: 30261235 PMCID: PMC6204220 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production and melanization are two key humoral immune responses in insects. Induced synthesis of AMPs results from Toll and IMD signal transduction whereas melanization depends on prophenoloxidase (PPO) activation system. During invasion, pathogens produce toxins and other virulent factors to counteract host immune responses. Here we show that the pathways leading to PPO activation and AMP synthesis in the silkworm Bombyx mori are affected by a metalloprotease, named elastase B, secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1). The metalloprotease gene (lasB) was expressed shortly after PAO1 cells had been injected into the larval silkworm hemocoel, leading to an increase of elastase activity. Injection of the purified PAO1 elastase B into silkworm hemolymph compromised PPO activation. In contrast, the protease caused a level increase of gloverin, an AMP in the hemolymph. To verify our results obtained using the purified elastase B, we infected B. mori with PAO1 ΔlasB mutant and found that PO activity in hemolymph of the PAO1 ΔlasB-infected larvae was significantly higher than that in the wild type-infected. The mutant-inhabited hemolymph had lower levels of gloverin and antimicrobial activity. PAO1 ΔlasB showed a decreased viability in the silkworm hemolymph whereas the host had a lower mortality. In addition, the effects caused by the ΔlasB mutant were restored by a complementary strain. These data collectively indicated that the elastase B produced by PAO1 is an important virulent factor that manipulates the silkworm immune system during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lizhen Zhou
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jinshui Lin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiuyuan Ji
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Haobo Jiang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Xihui Shen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Podany A, Rauchut J, Wu T, Kawasawa YI, Wright J, Lamendella R, Soybel DI, Kelleher SL. Excess Dietary Zinc Intake in Neonatal Mice Causes Oxidative Stress and Alters Intestinal Host-Microbe Interactions. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1800947. [PMID: 30513548 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Greater than 68% of young infants are exposed to dietary zinc (Zn) levels that are higher than the Tolerable Upper Intake Limit. However, the consequences of excess dietary Zn during early life on intestinal function and host-microbe interactions are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Neonatal mice are gavaged with 100 Zn µg d-1 from postnatal day (PN) 2 through PN10 and indices of intestinal function and host-microbe interactions are compared to unsupplemented mice. Excess dietary Zn causes oxidative stress, increases goblet cell number and mucus production, and are associated with increased intestinal permeability and systemic inflammation. Over 900 genes are differentially expressed; 413 genes display a fold-change >1.60. The Gene Ontology Biological processes most significantly affected include biological adhesion, the immune system, metabolic processes, and response to stimulus. Key genes most highly and significantly upregulated include ALDH2, MT1, TMEM6, CDK20, and COX62b, while CALU, ST3GAL4, CRTC2, SLC28A2, and COMMA1 are downregulated. These changes are associated with a microbiome enriched in pathogenic taxa including Pseudomonadales and Campylobacter, and greater expression of bacterial stress response genes. CONCLUSION Excess dietary Zn may have unforeseen influences on epithelial signaling pathways, barrier function, and luminal ecology in the intestine that may have long-term consequences on intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Podany
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Jessica Rauchut
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Justin Wright
- Department of Biology, Juniata College, Huntingdon, PA
| | | | - David I Soybel
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Shannon L Kelleher
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.,Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
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Abstract
PURPOSE Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces pyoverdine, encoded by the pvdE gene, for high-affinity iron uptake from transferrin and lactoferrin. This study investigated the contribution of pyoverdine to P. aeruginosa keratitis pathogenesis using in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS The P. aeruginosa strains examined were parental strain PAO1 and isogenic mutant strain pvdE (ΔpvdE) defective in pyoverdine. Bacterial growth in vitro was determined by PAO1 and ΔpvdE optical densities in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth. PAO1 or ΔpvdE (10 colony-forming units/mL) was inoculated onto cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) for 1 hour. The monolayers were examined for bacterial adhesion and invasion. In addition, the corneas of C57BL/6 mice were infected with PAO1 or ΔpvdE. Corneal virulence was evaluated by determining clinical scores and bacterial counts during infection. RESULTS The growth of PAO1 and ΔpvdE in LB broth was similar. Although adhesion of ΔpvdE onto HCECs was significantly increased compared with PAO1, the invasive capacity of ΔpvdE was significantly decreased. Clinical scores and bacterial numbers were significantly lower in ΔpvdE-infected eyes compared with PAO1-infected eyes at 6, 24, and 48 hours (P < 0.001). ΔpvdE was not detected in mouse corneas and did not induce corneal opacity at 6, 24, or 48 hours. CONCLUSIONS ΔpvdE lost invasive ability toward HCECs. Moreover, ΔpvdE did not cause keratitis in vivo. Thus, pvdE pyoverdine synthesis has critical roles in proliferation and invasion on ocular surfaces and could be a target for prevention of P. aeruginosa keratitis.
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Hayashi N, Yokotani A, Yamamoto M, Kososhi M, Morita M, Fukunishi C, Nishizawa N, Gotoh N. Extracellular Signals of a Human Epithelial Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) Cell Line Facilitate the Penetration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Strain through the Mucin Layer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:415. [PMID: 28983473 PMCID: PMC5613098 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can penetrate the layer of mucus formed by host intestinal epithelial cells, often resulting in sepsis in immunocompromised patients. We have previously demonstrated that P. aeruginosa can penetrate the mucin layer by flagellar motility and the degradation of the mucin layer. However, it remains unclear how P. aeruginosa initially recognizes epithelial cells. Using the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell line, we investigated extracellular signaling that could facilitate the penetration of P. aeruginosa through the mucin layer. The supernatant from Caco-2 cell cultures increased penetration of P. aeruginosa through an artificial mucin layer. The Caco-2 cell supernatant increased bacterial flagella-dependent swarming motility, but it did not influence P. aeruginosa growth or protease activity. Filtering of the Caco-2 cell supernatant indicated that proteins weighing <10 kDa increased mucin penetration, swarming motility, and, based on a tethered cell assay, induced acceleration of the flagellar filament rotational rate. Furthermore, a capillary assay showed that <10 kDa proteins in the Caco-2 cell supernatant attracted P. aeruginosa cells. Finally, we identified that growth-regulated oncogene-α (GRO-α) secreted by Caco-2 cells was a factor facilitating flagellar filament rotation and swarming motility, although it did not attract the bacteria. We conclude that penetration of the mucin layer by P. aeruginosa is facilitated by small proteins (<10 kDa) secreted by Caco-2 cells, both by inducing acceleration of flagellar motility and increasing chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokotani
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Kososhi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Mayu Morita
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Chiaki Fukunishi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Nagisa Nishizawa
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Naomasa Gotoh
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto, Japan
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Pirkmajer S, Kirchner H, Lundell LS, Zelenin PV, Zierath JR, Makarova KS, Wolf YI, Chibalin AV. Early vertebrate origin and diversification of small transmembrane regulators of cellular ion transport. J Physiol 2017; 595:4611-4630. [PMID: 28436536 DOI: 10.1113/jp274254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Small transmembrane proteins such as FXYDs, which interact with Na+ ,K+ -ATPase, and the micropeptides that interact with sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase play fundamental roles in regulation of ion transport in vertebrates. Uncertain evolutionary origins and phylogenetic relationships among these regulators of ion transport have led to inconsistencies in their classification across vertebrate species, thus hampering comparative studies of their functions. We discovered the first FXYD homologue in sea lamprey, a basal jawless vertebrate, which suggests small transmembrane regulators of ion transport emerged early in the vertebrate lineage. We also identified 13 gene subfamilies of FXYDs and propose a revised, phylogeny-based FXYD classification that is consistent across vertebrate species. These findings provide an improved framework for investigating physiological and pathophysiological functions of small transmembrane regulators of ion transport. ABSTRACT Small transmembrane proteins are important for regulation of cellular ion transport. The most prominent among these are members of the FXYD family (FXYD1-12), which regulate Na+ ,K+ -ATPase, and phospholamban, sarcolipin, myoregulin and DWORF, which regulate the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA). FXYDs and regulators of SERCA are present in fishes, as well as terrestrial vertebrates; however, their evolutionary origins and phylogenetic relationships are obscure, thus hampering comparative physiological studies. Here we discovered that sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), a representative of extant jawless vertebrates (Cyclostomata), expresses an FXYD homologue, which strongly suggests that FXYDs predate the emergence of fishes and other jawed vertebrates (Gnathostomata). Using a combination of sequence-based phylogenetic analysis and conservation of local chromosome context, we determined that FXYDs markedly diversified in the lineages leading to cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) and bony vertebrates (Euteleostomi). Diversification of SERCA regulators was much less extensive, indicating they operate under different evolutionary constraints. Finally, we found that FXYDs in extant vertebrates can be classified into 13 gene subfamilies, which do not always correspond to the established FXYD classification. We therefore propose a revised classification that is based on evolutionary history of FXYDs and that is consistent across vertebrate species. Collectively, our findings provide an improved framework for investigating the function of ion transport in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Pirkmajer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Henriette Kirchner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonidas S Lundell
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pavel V Zelenin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kira S Makarova
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Yuri I Wolf
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Alexander V Chibalin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hwang IY, Koh E, Wong A, March JC, Bentley WE, Lee YS, Chang MW. Engineered probiotic Escherichia coli can eliminate and prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa gut infection in animal models. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15028. [PMID: 28398304 PMCID: PMC5394271 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can be genetically engineered to kill specific pathogens or inhibit their virulence. We previously developed a synthetic genetic system that allows a laboratory strain of Escherichia coli to sense and kill Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. Here, we generate a modified version of the system, including a gene encoding an anti-biofilm enzyme, and use the probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 as host. The engineered probiotic shows in vivo prophylactic and therapeutic activity against P. aeruginosa during gut infection in two animal models (Caenorhabditis elegans and mice). These findings support the further development of engineered microorganisms with potential prophylactic and therapeutic activities against gut infections. Bacteria can be engineered to kill specific pathogens. Here, the authors modify and optimize a synthetic genetic system in a probiotic strain of Escherichia coli, and show that the engineered probiotic can sense and kill the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa in two animal models of gut infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Young Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Elvin Koh
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Adison Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - John C March
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - William E Bentley
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore S 119074, Singapore
| | - Matthew Wook Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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Zeitouni NE, Chotikatum S, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, Naim HY. The impact of hypoxia on intestinal epithelial cell functions: consequences for invasion by bacterial pathogens. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:14. [PMID: 27002817 PMCID: PMC4803720 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of oxygen homeostasis in human tissues is mediated by several cellular adaptations in response to low-oxygen stress, called hypoxia. A decrease in tissue oxygen levels is initially counteracted by increasing local blood flow to overcome diminished oxygenation and avoid hypoxic stress. However, studies have shown that the physiological oxygen concentrations in several tissues are much lower than atmospheric (normoxic) conditions, and the oxygen supply is finely regulated in individual cell types. The gastrointestinal tract has been described to subsist in a state of physiologically low oxygen level and is thus depicted as a tissue in the state of constant low-grade inflammation. The intestinal epithelial cell layer plays a vital role in the immune response to inflammation and infections that occur within the intestinal tissue and is involved in many of the adaptation responses to hypoxic stress. This is especially relevant in the context of inflammatory disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, this review aims to describe the intestinal epithelial cellular response to hypoxia and the consequences for host interactions with invading gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie E. Zeitouni
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sucheera Chotikatum
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hassan Y. Naim
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Suezawa C, Yasuda M, Negayama K, Kameyama T, Hirauchi M, Nakai T, Okuda J. Identification of genes associated with the penetration activity of the human type of Edwardsiella tarda EdwGII through human colon epithelial cell monolayers. Microb Pathog 2016; 95:148-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Shikata M, Hayashi N, Fujimoto A, Nakamura T, Matsui N, Ishiyama A, Maekawa Y, Gotoh N. The pilT gene contributes to type III ExoS effector injection into epithelial cells in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Infect Chemother 2016; 22:216-20. [PMID: 26809217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A type IV pilus filament, mainly composed of PilA, is retracted by the driving power generated by PilT and PilU ATPases. pilA is required for injection of type III ExoS effectors into epithelial cells thereby facilitating Pseudomonas aeruginosa penetration through the epithelial barrier by impairing the defense function of tight junctions. Here, we examined whether the pilT and pilU of the P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain are required for ExoS injection into epithelial cells. We measured the quantity of ExoS injected into epithelial cells, and found that within such cells its quantity decreased by 80% (ΔpilA strain), 75% (ΔpilT strain), and 30% (ΔpilU strain) compared with the wild-type strain. pilT deficiency decreased the disruption of human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell monolayers to the same extent as that of pilA and exoS deficiency, whereas pilU deficiency decreased disruption of the monolayers less than deficiency of the other genes. pilT and pilU deficiency decreased bacterial penetration of the Caco-2 cell monolayers to the same level as pilA and exoS deficiency. Our data showed that the pilU gene expression level was reduced in the PAO1 strain after adhesion to Caco-2 cell surfaces, but the expression levels of the pilA and pilT genes did not change. We conclude that P. aeruginosa injects ExoS into cells through the function of type IV pilus retraction, and that pilT makes a greater contribution to this process than pilU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mototsugu Shikata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Akiyo Fujimoto
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takano Nakamura
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Matsui
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Ayana Ishiyama
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yui Maekawa
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Naomasa Gotoh
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
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Schweppe DK, Harding C, Chavez JD, Wu X, Ramage E, Singh PK, Manoil C, Bruce JE. Host-Microbe Protein Interactions during Bacterial Infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:1521-1530. [PMID: 26548613 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interspecies protein-protein interactions are essential mediators of infection. While bacterial proteins required for host cell invasion and infection can be identified through bacterial mutant library screens, information about host target proteins and interspecies complex structures has been more difficult to acquire. Using an unbiased chemical crosslinking/mass spectrometry approach, we identified interspecies protein-protein interactions in human lung epithelial cells infected with Acinetobacter baumannii. These efforts resulted in identification of 3,076 crosslinked peptide pairs and 46 interspecies protein-protein interactions. Most notably, the key A. baumannii virulence factor, OmpA, was identified as crosslinked to host proteins involved in desmosomes, specialized structures that mediate host cell-to-cell adhesion. Co-immunoprecipitation and transposon mutant experiments were used to verify these interactions and demonstrate relevance for host cell invasion and acute murine lung infection. These results shed new light on A. baumannii-host protein interactions and their structural features, and the presented approach is generally applicable to other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin K Schweppe
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Christopher Harding
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Juan D Chavez
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ramage
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pradeep K Singh
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Colin Manoil
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - James E Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Building, Room 154, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Hayashi N, Nishizawa H, Kitao S, Deguchi S, Nakamura T, Fujimoto A, Shikata M, Gotoh N. Pseudomonas aeruginosa injects type III effector ExoS into epithelial cells through the function of type IV pili. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:890-6. [PMID: 25747138 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Translocation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa through epithelial tissues can cause sepsis. Here, we examined whether P. aeruginosa penetrates epithelial cell layers using type IV pili (TFP). Deletion of TFP (pilA) did not affect association with Caco-2 cells, although it decreased penetration through, and disruption of, Caco-2 cell monolayers. We found that TFP are necessary for injection of the type III effector ExoS, which impairs defense against P. aeruginosa penetration, into host cells. Deletion of pilA attenuated oral infection in silkworms. We conclude that P. aeruginosa injects ExoS into cells through the function of TFP, enabling penetration of epithelial barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Seiya Kitao
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Sakurako Deguchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takano Nakamura
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Akiyo Fujimoto
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Shikata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Naomasa Gotoh
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
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Klebsiella pneumoniae translocates across the intestinal epithelium via Rho GTPase- and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent cell invasion. Infect Immun 2014; 83:769-79. [PMID: 25452552 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02345-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen that causes hospital-acquired septicemia and is associated with the recent emergence of community-acquired pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). Clinical typing suggests that K. pneumoniae infections originate from the gastrointestinal reservoir. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we have sought to determine how K. pneumoniae penetrates the intestinal barrier. We identified that bacteremia and PLA clinical isolates adhered to and invaded intestinal epithelial cells. Internalization of K. pneumoniae in three different human colonic cell lines was visualized by confocal microscopy and three-dimensional (3D) imaging. Using a Transwell system, we demonstrated that these K. pneumoniae isolates translocated across a polarized Caco-2 monolayer. No disruptions of transepithelial electrical resistance and altered distribution of tight junction protein ZO-1 or occludin were observed. Therefore, K. pneumoniae appeared to penetrate the intestinal epithelium via a transcellular pathway. Using specific inhibitors, we characterized the host signaling pathways involved. Inhibition by cytochalasin D and nocodazole suggested that actin and microtubule cytoskeleton were both important for K. pneumoniae invasion. A Rho inhibitor, ML141, LY294002, and an Akt1/2 inhibitor diminished K. pneumoniae invasion in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that Rho family GTPases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling were required. By a mouse model of gastrointestinal colonization, in vivo invasion of K. pneumoniae into colonic epithelial cells was demonstrated. Our results present evidence to describe a possible mechanism of gastrointestinal translocation for K. pneumoniae. Cell invasion by manipulating host machinery provides a pathway for gut-colonized K. pneumoniae cells to penetrate the intestinal barrier and access extraintestinal locations to cause disease.
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Okuda J, Hanabusa A, Gotoh N. ExoS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa binds to a human KIF7 to induce cytotoxicity in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:121-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Markou P, Apidianakis Y. Pathogenesis of intestinal Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 3:115. [PMID: 24432250 PMCID: PMC3882663 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota Markou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus Nicosia, Cyprus
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50
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Wong CK, Tan MH, Rasouliha BH, Hwang IY, Ling H, Poh CL, Chang MW. Therapeutic microbes for infectious disease. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1151:117-33. [PMID: 24838883 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0554-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has invoked concerns of our current limitations in controlling the spread of infectious disease. To resolve this, we have applied synthetic biology principles to engineer human commensal microbe that can specifically sense and kill an antibiotic-resistant strain of P. aeruginosa. In this chapter, we describe the methods used to assemble, characterize, and evaluate the effectiveness of our engineered microbe in multicellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Kit Wong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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