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Souche A, Vandenesch F, Doléans-Jordheim A, Moreau K. How Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Hijack the Host Immune Response in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076609. [PMID: 37047579 PMCID: PMC10094765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a serious genetic disease that leads to premature death, mainly due to impaired lung function. CF lungs are characterized by ongoing inflammation, impaired immune response, and chronic bacterial colonization. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) are the two most predominant bacterial agents of these chronic infections. Both can colonize the lungs for years by developing host adaptation strategies. In this review, we examined the mechanisms by which SA and PA adapt to the host immune response. They are able to bypass the physical integrity of airway epithelia, evade recognition, and then modulate host immune cell proliferation. They also modulate the immune response by regulating cytokine production and by counteracting the activity of neutrophils and other immune cells. Inhibition of the immune response benefits not only the species that implements them but also other species present, and we therefore discuss how these mechanisms can promote the establishment of coinfections in CF lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubin Souche
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Anne Doléans-Jordheim
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Karen Moreau
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
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Schiuma G, Beltrami S, Santi E, Scutiero G, Sanz JM, Semprini CM, Rizzo S, Fernandez M, Zidi I, Gafà R, Passaro A, Greco P, Bortolotti D, Rizzo R. Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy on CD147, ACE2 and HLA-G expression. Placenta 2023; 132:38-43. [PMID: 36628848 PMCID: PMC9814282 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies reported a differential expression of both ACE2 and CD147 in pregnant women associated to SARS-CoV-2 placental infection. The aim of this study is to further investigate the placental SARS-CoV-2 infection and the potential effect on protein expression (ACE2, CD147, HLA-G and CD56). METHODS The study was on three subgroups: i) 18 subjects positive for SARS-CoV-2 swab at delivery; ii) 9 subjects that had a positive SARS-CoV-2 swab during pregnancy but resulted negative at delivery; iii) 11 control subjects with physiological pregnancy and with no previous or concomitant SARS-CoV-2 swab positivity. None of the subjects were vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The placenta samples were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 NP (Nucleocapsid protein) positivity and the expression of ACE2, CD147, HLA-G and CD56. RESULTS We observed a higher percentage of SARS-CoV-2 NP positive placenta samples in the group of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive at delivery in comparison with SARS-CoV-2 PCR negative at delivery. The localization of SARS-CoV-2 NP positivity in placenta samples was mainly in syncytiotrophoblast (ST) of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive at delivery group and in extra-villous trophoblast (EVT) of SARS-CoV-2 PCR negative at delivery group. CD147, HLA-G positivity was higher in ST of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive at delivery group, while CD56-expressing immune cells were decreased in comparison with control subjects. DISCUSSION We confirmed the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect placenta tissues. The simultaneous SARS-CoV-2 swab positivity at delivery and the positivity of the placenta tissue for SARS-CoV-2 NP seems to create an environment that modifies the expression of specific molecules, as CD147 and HLA-G. These data suggest a possible impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, that might be worthy to be monitored also in vaccinated subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Schiuma
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Beltrami
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erica Santi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gennaro Scutiero
- Department of Medical Sciences, Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Marina Semprini
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8 Cona, 44124, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mercedes Fernandez
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ines Zidi
- Laboratory Microorganismes and Active Biomolecules, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Roberta Gafà
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8 Cona, 44124, Ferrara, Italy,Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pantaleo Greco
- Department of Medical Sciences, Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daria Bortolotti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy; LTTA-Clinical Research Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46 - 44100, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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3
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Immunomodulatory Potential of Non-Classical HLA-G in Infections including COVID-19 and Parasitic Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020257. [PMID: 35204759 PMCID: PMC8961671 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (HLA-G), a polymorphic non-classical HLA (HLA-Ib) with immune-regulatory properties in cancers and infectious diseases, presents both membrane-bound and soluble (sHLA-G) isoforms. Polymorphism has implications in host responses to pathogen infections and in pathogenesis. Differential expression patterns of HLA-G/sHLA-G or its polymorphism seem to be related to different pathological conditions, potentially acting as a disease progression biomarker. Pathogen antigens might be involved in the regulation of both membrane-bound and sHLA-G levels and impact immune responses during co-infections. The upregulation of HLA-G in viral and bacterial infections induce tolerance to infection. Recently, sHLA-G was found useful to identify the prognosis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients and it was observed that the high levels of sHLA-G are associated with worse prognosis. The use of pathogens, such as Plasmodium falciparum, as immune modulators for other infections could be extended for the modulation of membrane-bound HLA-G in COVID-19-infected tissues. Overall, such information might open new avenues concerning the effect of some pathogens such as parasites in decreasing the expression level of HLA-G to restrict pathogenesis in some infections or to influence the immune responses after vaccination among others.
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Gentili V, Turrin G, Marchetti P, Rizzo S, Schiuma G, Beltrami S, Cristofori V, Illuminati D, Compagnin G, Trapella C, Rizzo R, Bortolotti D, Fantinati A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel rhodanine-based structures with antiviral activity towards HHV-6 virus. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105518. [PMID: 34861628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
An increased awareness of diseases associated with Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection or reactivation has resulted in a growing interest in the evaluation of the best treatment options available for the clinical management of HHV-6 disease. However, no compound has yet been approved exclusively for HHV-6 infection treatment. For this reason, the identification of anti-HHV6 compounds provides a valuable opportunity for developing efficient antiviral therapies. A possible target for antiviral drugs is the virus-cell fusion step. In this study, we synthetized potential fusion intermediates inhibitors based on the rhodanine structure. The obtained derivatives were tested for cytotoxicity and for antiviral activity in human cells infected with HHV6. Level of infection was monitored by viral DNA quantification at different time points up to 7 days post infection. Among the synthetized derivatives, 9e showed a significative inhibitory effect on viral replication that lasted over 7 days, probably attributable to the particular combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substituents to the rhodanine moiety. Our results support the use of these amphipathic fusion inhibitors for the treatment of HHV-6 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Gentili
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Turrin
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rizzo
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanna Schiuma
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Beltrami
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Virginia Cristofori
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Davide Illuminati
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Greta Compagnin
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Trapella
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Daria Bortolotti
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Fantinati
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Bortolotti D, Simioni C, Neri LM, Rizzo R, Semprini CM, Occhionorelli S, Laface I, Sanz JM, Schiuma G, Rizzo S, Varano G, Beltrami S, Gentili V, Gafà R, Passaro A. Relevance of VEGF and CD147 in different SARS-CoV-2 positive digestive tracts characterized by thrombotic damage. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21969. [PMID: 34822202 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100821rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Several evidence suggests that, in addition to the respiratory tract, also the gastrointestinal tract is a main site of severe acute respiratory syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, as an example of a multi-organ vascular damage, likely associated with poor prognosis. To assess mechanisms SARS-CoV-2 responsible of tissue infection and vascular injury, correlating with thrombotic damage, specimens of the digestive tract positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein were analyzed deriving from three patients, negative to naso-oro-pharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2. These COVID-19-negative patients came to clinical observation due to urgent abdominal surgery that removed different sections of the digestive tract after thrombotic events. Immunohistochemical for the expression of SARS-CoV-2 combined with a panel of SARS-CoV-2 related proteins angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147), human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was performed. Tissue samples were also evaluated by electron microscopy for ultrastructural virus localization and cell characterization. The damage of the tissue was assessed by ultrastructural analysis. It has been observed that CD147 expression levels correlate with SARS-CoV-2 infection extent, vascular damage and an increased expression of VEGF and thrombosis. The confirmation of CD147 co-localization with SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein binding on gastrointestinal tissues and the reduction of the infection level in intestinal epithelial cells after CD147 neutralization, suggest CD147 as a possible key factor for viral susceptibility of gastrointestinal tissue. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection of gastrointestinal tissue might be consequently implicated in abdominal thrombosis, where VEGF might mediate the vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Bortolotti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)-Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)-Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Marina Semprini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Savino Occhionorelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Surgery Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laface
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanna Schiuma
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rizzo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gabriele Varano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Beltrami
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Gentili
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Gafà
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Oncological and Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
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6
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Hallan SS, Marchetti P, Bortolotti D, Sguizzato M, Esposito E, Mariani P, Trapella C, Rizzo R, Cortesi R. Design of Nanosystems for the Delivery of Quorum Sensing Inhibitors: A Preliminary Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235655. [PMID: 33266241 PMCID: PMC7730761 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm production is regulated by the Quorum Sensing system. Nowadays, Quorum Sensing represents an appealing target to design new compounds to increase antibiotics effects and avoid development of antibiotics multiresistance. In this research the use of liposomes to target two novel synthetic biofilm inhibitors is presented, focusing on a preformulation study to select a liposome composition for in vitro test. Five different liposome (LP) formulations, composed of phosphatidyl choline, cholesterol and charged surfactant (2:1:1, molar ratio) have been prepared by direct hydration and extrusion. As charged surfactants dicetyl phosphate didecyldimethylammonium chloride, di isobutyl phenoxy ethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and stearylamine (SA) and have been used. Liposome charge, size and morphology were investigated by zeta potential, photon correlation spectroscopy, small angle x-ray spectroscopy and electron microscopy. LP-SA was selected for the loading of biofilm inhibitors and subjected to high performance liquid chromatography for entrapment capacity evaluation. LP-SA loaded inhibitors showed a higher diameter (223.6 nm) as compared to unloaded ones (205.7 nm) and a dose-dependent anti-biofilm effect mainly after 48 h of treatment, while free biofilm inhibitors loose activity. In conclusion, our data supported the use of liposomes as a strategy to enhance biofilm inhibitors effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supandeep Singh Hallan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
- Biofilms—Research Center for Biointerfaces, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-20506 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Daria Bortolotti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Maddalena Sguizzato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
- Biotechnology Interuniversity Consortium (C.I.B.), Ferrara Section, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Esposito
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
- Biotechnology Interuniversity Consortium (C.I.B.), Ferrara Section, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.E.); (R.C.)
| | - Paolo Mariani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Claudio Trapella
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Rita Cortesi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.H.); (P.M.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (C.T.); (R.R.)
- Biotechnology Interuniversity Consortium (C.I.B.), Ferrara Section, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.E.); (R.C.)
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7
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Contini P, Murdaca G, Puppo F, Negrini S. HLA-G Expressing Immune Cells in Immune Mediated Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1613. [PMID: 32983083 PMCID: PMC7484697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G is a HLA class Ib antigen that possesses immunomodulatory properties. HLA-G-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, NK cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells with immunoregulatory functions are present in small percentages of patients with physiologic conditions. Quantitative and qualitative derangements of HLA-G+ immune cells have been detected in several conditions in which the immune system plays an important role, such as infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune diseases as well as in complications from transplants and pregnancy. These observations strongly support the hypothesis that HLA-G+ immune cells may be implicated in the complex mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Contini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Puppo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Negrini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Evaluation of the Level of Salivary sHLA-G in Children Aged 3-5 Years with or without Dental Caries. Int J Dent 2020; 2020:8870055. [PMID: 32676113 PMCID: PMC7346253 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8870055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods and Materials This analytic cross-sectional study was carried out on 83 healthy children aged 3 to 5 years of both genders, who were divided into three groups based on decayed dental surfaces (ds): group 1, caries-free children (CF, n = 29); group 2, children with 1 ≤ ds ≤ 3, 1 ≤ ds ≤ 4, and 1 ≤ ds ≤ 5 for age 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively (ECC, n = 20); and group 3, children with ds ≥ 4, ds ≥ 5, and ds ≥ 6 for age 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively (S-ECC, n = 34). The unstimulated saliva samples were collected, and the salivary sHLA-G concentration was measured by the ELISA kit. The SPSS Statistics v17.0 software and Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, chi-square, and Spearman's rank correlation tests were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was considered at p < 0.05. Results The mean concentrations of salivary sHLA-G in CF, ECC, and S-ECC groups were 3.18 ± 2.28, 5.64 ± 5.51, and 6.21 ± 6.03 ng/l, respectively (p = 0.047), and the mean salivary sHLA-G level was comparatively higher in children with dental caries than that of the CF group (p = 0.02), but there is no significant difference between ECC and S-ECC groups (p > 0.05). Spearman's rank correlation test showed a weak positive correlation (p = 0.039, r = 0.22), between the level of salivary sHLA-G and dental caries. Conclusion The present study provides some preliminary evidences on relationship between sHLA-G and dental caries in children.
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9
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Liu F, Zhao Q, Jia Z, Song C, Huang Y, Ma H, Song S. N-3-oxo-octanoyl-homoserine lactone-mediated priming of resistance to Pseudomonas syringae requires the salicylic acid signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:38. [PMID: 31992205 PMCID: PMC6986161 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Many Gram-negative bacteria use N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) to communicate each other and to coordinate their collective behaviors. Recently, accumulating evidence shows that host plants are able to sense and respond to bacterial AHLs. Once primed, plants are in an altered state that enables plant cells to more quickly and/or strongly respond to subsequent pathogen infection or abiotic stress. RESULTS In this study, we report that pretreatment with N-3-oxo-octanoyl-homoserine lactone (3OC8-HSL) confers resistance against the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000) in Arabidopsis. Pretreatment with 3OC8-HSL and subsequent pathogen invasion triggered an augmented burst of hydrogen peroxide, salicylic acid accumulation, and fortified expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR1 and PR5. Upon PstDC3000 challenge, plants treated with 3OC8-HSL showed increased activities of defense-related enzymes including peroxidase, catalase, phenylalanine ammonialyase, and superoxide dismutase. In addition, the 3OC8-HSL-primed resistance to PstDC3000 in wild-type plants was impaired in plants expressing the bacterial NahG gene and in the npr1 mutant. Moreover, the expression levels of isochorismate synthases (ICS1), a critical salicylic acid biosynthesis enzyme, and two regulators of its expression, SARD1 and CBP60g, were potentiated by 3OC8-HSL pretreatment followed by pathogen inoculation. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that 3OC8-HSL primes the Arabidopsis defense response upon hemibiotrophic bacterial infection and that 3OC8-HSL-primed resistance is dependent on the SA signaling pathway. These findings may help establish a novel strategy for the control of plant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Cong Song
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Yali Huang
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Shuishan Song
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
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10
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Nishimura-Danjobara Y, Oyama K, Oyama TM, Yokoigawa K, Oyama Y. Modification of cell vulnerability to oxidative stress by N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine-lactone, a quorum sensing molecule, in rat thymocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 302:143-148. [PMID: 30779908 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine-lactone (ODHL), a quorum sensing molecule, affects intracellular Zn2+ concentration ([Zn2+]i) and cellular levels of nonprotein thiols ([NPT]i) of rat thymic lymphocytes, both of which are assumed to affect cell vulnerability to oxidative stress. Therefore, it is interesting to examine the effects of ODHL on the cells under oxidative stress. ODHL augmented the cytotoxicity of H2O2, but not calcium ionophore A23187. ODHL potentiated the H2O2-induced elevation of [Zn2+]i, wherein, it greatly attenuated the H2O2-induced increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. ODHL did not affect [NPT]i in the presence of H2O2. Therefore, we conclude that the elevation of [Zn2+]i is involved in the ODHL-induced potentiation of H2O2 cytotoxicity. Our findings suggest that ODHL modifies cell vulnerability to oxidative stress in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keisuke Oyama
- Sakai City Medical Center, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | | | - Kumio Yokoigawa
- Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Oyama
- Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan.
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11
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Human Herpesvirus 6A and 6B inhibit in vitro angiogenesis by induction of Human Leukocyte Antigen G. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17683. [PMID: 30523283 PMCID: PMC6283866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection of endothelial cells (ECs) induces the loss of angiogenic properties, through the expression of HHV-6 U94, possibly associated to the release of a soluble mediator. It is also known that the soluble isoform of HLA-G exhibits an anti-angiogenic function, important in implantation, transplantation and neoplastic development. In this study, we analyzed the expression of HLA-G in HHV-6 infected ECs, showing that both HHV-6A and HHV-6B infection induce a potent up-modulation of HLA-G, including both membrane and soluble isoforms. Interestingly, HHV-6A and HHV-6B induced different isoforms of HLA-G. The virus-induced increase of HLA-G was likely due to the expression of the U94 viral gene, that by itself was able to reproduce the effect of whole virus. The effect of U94 was mediated by human transcription factor ATF3, that induced HLA-G activation by recognizing a consensus sequence on its promoter. Virus-induced inhibition of ECs angiogenic ability directly correlated to HLA-G expression and release, and the addition of anti-HLA-G antibody restored the angiogenic properties of HHV6-infected ECs. The induction of HLA-G expression in ECs might represent an important mediator of HHV-6 induced effects.
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12
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Ben Azzouz E, Boumaza A, Mezouar S, Bardou M, Carlini F, Picard C, Raoult D, Mège JL, Desnues B. Tropheryma whipplei Increases Expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen-G on Monocytes to Reduce Tumor Necrosis Factor and Promote Bacterial Replication. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:1553-1563. [PMID: 30076840 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Infection with Tropheryma whipplei has a range of effects-some patients can be chronic carriers without developing any symptoms, whereas others can develop systemic Whipple disease, characterized by a lack a protective inflammatory immune response. Alterations in HLA-G function have been associated with several diseases. We investigated the role of HLA-G during T whipplei infection. METHODS Sera, total RNA, and genomic DNA were collected from peripheral blood from 22 patients with classic Whipple's disease, 19 patients with localized T whipplei infections, and 21 asymptomatic carriers. Levels of soluble HLA-G in sera were measured by enzyme-linked immuosorbent assay, and expressions of HLA-G and its isoforms were monitored by real-time polymerase chain reaction. HLA-G alleles were identified and compared with a population of voluntary bone marrow donors. Additionally, monocytes from healthy subjects were stimulated with T whipplei, and HLA-G expression was monitored by real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. Bacterial replication was assessed by polymerase chain reaction in the presence of HLA-G or inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (etanercept). RESULTS HLA-G mRNAs and levels of soluble HLA-G were significantly increased in sera from patients with chronic T whipplei infection compared with sera from asymptomatic carriers and control individuals. No specific HLA-G haplotypes were associated with disease or T whipplei infection. However, T whipplei infection of monocytes induced expression of HLA-G, which was associated with reduced secretion of TNF compared with noninfected monocytes. A neutralizing antibody against HLA-G increased TNF secretion by monocytes in response to T whipplei, and a TNF inhibitor promoted bacteria replication. CONCLUSIONS Levels of HLA-G are increased in sera from patients with T whipplei tissue infections, associated with reduced production of TNF by monocytes. This might promote bacteria colonization in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eya Ben Azzouz
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Asma Boumaza
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Matthieu Bardou
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Christophe Picard
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES UMR 7268, Marseille, France; Laboratoire d'immunogénétique, Établissement Français du Sang Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur Corse, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mège
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Benoit Desnues
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France.
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13
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Curran CS, Bolig T, Torabi-Parizi P. Mechanisms and Targeted Therapies for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 197:708-727. [PMID: 29087211 PMCID: PMC5855068 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201705-1043so] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a complex gram-negative facultative anaerobe replete with a variety of arsenals to activate, modify, and destroy host defense mechanisms. The microbe is a common cause of nosocomial infections and an antibiotic-resistant priority pathogen. In the lung, P. aeruginosa disrupts upper and lower airway homeostasis by damaging the epithelium and evading innate and adaptive immune responses. The biology of these interactions is essential to understand P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. P. aeruginosa interacts directly with host cells via flagella, pili, lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and the type III secretion system localized in the outer membrane. P. aeruginosa quorum-sensing molecules regulate the release of soluble factors that enhance the spread of infection. These characteristics of P. aeruginosa differentially affect lung epithelial, innate, and adaptive immune cells involved in the production of mediators and the recruitment of additional immune cell subsets. Pathogen interactions with individual host cells and in the context of host acute lung infection are discussed to reveal pathways that may be targeted therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen S Curran
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thomas Bolig
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Parizad Torabi-Parizi
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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14
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Saurabh A, Chakraborty S, Kumar P, Mohan A, Bhatnagar AK, Rishi N, Mitra DK. Inhibiting HLA-G restores IFN-γ and TNF-α producing T cell in pleural Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2018; 109:69-79. [PMID: 29559123 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (HLA-G), a non-classical, class Ib molecule, has been shown to mediate immunoregulatory functions by inducing apoptosis, inhibits cytotoxicity and differentiation by modulating cytokine secretion. Due to its immune-suppressive function, it facilitates tolerance in feto-maternal interface and transplantation. In contrary, it favours immune evasion of microbes and tumors by inhibiting immune and inflammatory responses. In Tuberculosis (TB), we previously reported differential expression of HLA-G and its receptor Ig-like transcript -2 (ILT-2) in disseminated vs. localized Tuberculosis. The present study explores the impact of HLA-G inhibition on the function of T cells and monocytes, in TB Pleural Effusion (PE), a localized form of TB. Blocking of HLA-G resulted in significant increase in IFN-γ and TNF-α production by CD3+ T cells. Additionally, we observed that HLA-G influences the apoptosis and cytotoxic effect of T cells from TB- PE patients. Next, we checked the impact of interaction between HLA-G and ILT-4 receptor in monocytes derived from TB-PE patients upon blocking and observed significant increase in IFN-γ production. The present study reveals for the first time HLA-G mediated suppression of Th1 cytokines, especially, IFN-γ and TNF-α in TB-PE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Saurabh
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushmita Chakraborty
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabin Kumar
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anuj K Bhatnagar
- Rajan Babu Institute for Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, GTB Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Narayan Rishi
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipendra Kumar Mitra
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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15
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Ebersole JL, Dawson D, Emecen-Huja P, Nagarajan R, Howard K, Grady ME, Thompson K, Peyyala R, Al-Attar A, Lethbridge K, Kirakodu S, Gonzalez OA. The periodontal war: microbes and immunity. Periodontol 2000 2017; 75:52-115. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing modulates immune responses: An updated review article. Immunol Lett 2017; 190:1-6. [PMID: 28698104 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium which induces some complications in immunocompromised patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a quorum-sensing using bacterium which regulates its genes expression. The bacterium uses two famous pathways for quorum sensing entitled LasI/LasR and RhlI/RhlR systems. It has been documented that the bacteria which use quorum sensing are able to overcome immune responses. This review article aims to present recent information regarding the effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing systems on the host immune responses.
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17
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Recent Advances in Our Understanding of HLA-G Biology: Lessons from a Wide Spectrum of Human Diseases. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:4326495. [PMID: 27652273 PMCID: PMC5019910 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4326495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G is a HLA-class Ib molecule with potent immunomodulatory activities, which is expressed in physiological conditions, where modulation of the immune response is required to avoid allograft recognition (i.e., maternal-fetal interface or transplanted patients). However, HLA-G can be expressed de novo at high levels in several pathological conditions, including solid and hematological tumors and during microbial or viral infections, leading to the impairment of the immune response against tumor cells or pathogens, respectively. On the other hand, the loss of HLA-G mediated control of the immune responses may lead to the onset of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, caused by an uncontrolled activation of the immune effector cells. Here, we have reviewed novel findings on HLA-G functions in different physiological and pathological settings, which have been published in the last two years. These studies further confirmed the important role of this molecule in the modulation of the immune system.
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Zhang W, Li C. Exploiting Quorum Sensing Interfering Strategies in Gram-Negative Bacteria for the Enhancement of Environmental Applications. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1535. [PMID: 26779175 PMCID: PMC4705238 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a widespread intercellular form of communication to coordinate physiological processes and cooperative activities of bacteria at the population level, and it depends on the production, secretion, and detection of small diffusible autoinducers, such as acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), auto-inducing oligo-peptides (AIPs) and autoinducer 2. In this review, the function of QS autoinducers of gram-negative bacteria in different aspects of wastewater treatment systems is examined. Based on research primarily performed over the past 10 years, QS involvement in the formation of biofilm and aerobic granules and changes of the microbial community and degradation/transformation pathways is discussed. In particular, the QS pathway in the role of bacterial infections and disease prevention in aquaculture is addressed. Interference of QS autoinducer-regulated pathways is considered potential treatment for a variety of environmentally related problems. This review is expected to serve as a stepping stone for further study and development strategies based on the mediation of QS-regulated pathways to enhance applications in both wastewater treatment systems and aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Aquaculture, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University Ningbo, China
| | - Chenghua Li
- Department of Aquaculture, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University Ningbo, China
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