1
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Pandita S, Verma A, Kamboj H, Kumar R, Chander Y, Barua S, Tripathi BN, Kumar N. miRNA profiling of primary lamb testicle cells infected with lumpy skin disease virus. Arch Virol 2023; 168:290. [PMID: 37955695 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, miRNA profiling of cells infected with lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was conducted for the first time. When compared to mock-infected cells, LSDV-infected primary lamb testicle (LT) cells showed dysregulation of 64, 85, and 85 miRNAs at 12 hours postinfection (hpi), 48 hpi, and 72 hpi, respectively. While some of these miRNAs were found to be dysregulated at a particular time point following LSDV infection, others were dysregulated at all three time points. Analysis of the differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA interaction networks, Gene Ontology analysis of the predicted targets, and KEGG analysis of highly enriched pathways revealed several cellular factors/pathways involved in protein/ion/enzyme binding, cell differentiation, movement of subcellular components, calcium reabsorption, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, and melanogenesis. Some selected upregulated (oar-mir-379-5p, oar-let-7d, Chr10-18769, Chr2_5162 and oar-miR-493-5p) and downregulated (ChrX-33741, Chr3_8257 and Chr26_32680) miRNAs were further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. These findings contribute to our understanding of virus replication, virus-host interactions, and disease pathogenesis, and the differentially expressed miRNAs and their cellular targets may serve as biomarkers as well as novel targets for therapeutic intervention against LSDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Pandita
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
- Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Assim Verma
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Himanshu Kamboj
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Ram Kumar
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Yogesh Chander
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Sanjay Barua
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Bhupendra Nath Tripathi
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India.
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2
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Yaghobi R, Afshari A, Roozbeh J. Host and viral
RNA
dysregulation during
BK
polyomavirus
infection in kidney transplant recipients. WIRES RNA 2022:e1769. [DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Yaghobi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Afsoon Afshari
- Shiraz Nephro‐Urology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Jamshid Roozbeh
- Shiraz Nephro‐Urology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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3
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Zheng HQ, Li C, Zhu XF, Wang WX, Yin BY, Zhang WJ, Feng SL, Yin XH, Huang H, Zhang YM. miR-615 facilitates porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by targeting IRAK1 to inhibit type III interferon expression. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1071394. [PMID: 36643411 PMCID: PMC9832332 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1071394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in the Coronavirus family is a highly contagious enteric pathogen in the swine industry, which has evolved mechanisms to evade host innate immune responses. The PEDV-mediated inhibition of interferons (IFNs) has been linked to the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in virus-host interactions and IFN-I regulation. However, the mechanism by which the PEDV regulates IFN during PEDV infection has not yet been investigated in its natural target cells. We here report a novel mechanism of viral immune escape involving miR-615, which was screened from a high-throughput sequencing library of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) infected with PEDV. PEDV infection altered the profiles of miRNAs and the activities of several pathways involved in innate immunity. Overexpression of miR-615 increased PEDV replication, inhibited IFN expression, downregulated the NF-κB pathway, and blocked p65 nuclear translocation. In contrast, knockdown of miR-615 enhanced IFN expression, suppressed PEDV replication, and activated the NF-κB pathway. We further determined that IRAK1 is the target gene of miR-615 in IECs. Our findings show that miR-615 suppresses activation of the NF-κB pathway by suppressing the IRAK1 protein and reducing the generation of IFN-IIIs, which in turn facilitates PEDV infection in IECs. Moreover, miR-615 inhibited PEDV replication and NF-κB pathway activation in both IECs and MARC-145 cells. These findings support an important role for miR-615 in the innate immune regulation of PEDV infections and provide a novel perspective for developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-qing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-fu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei-Xiao Wang
- Institute of Hemu Biotechnology, Beijing Hemu Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Bao-ying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shu-lin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Xianyang City, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xun-hui Yin
- Liangshan County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Development Center, Liangshan County Animal Husbandry Bureau, Jining, China
| | - He Huang
- Institute of Hemu Biotechnology, Beijing Hemu Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China,*Correspondence: He Huang,
| | - Yan-ming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China,Yan-ming Zhang,
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4
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Rarani FZ, Rashidi B, Jafari Najaf Abadi MH, Hamblin MR, Reza Hashemian SM, Mirzaei H. Cytokines and microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2: What do we know? MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:219-242. [PMID: 35782361 PMCID: PMC9233348 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic constitutes a global health emergency. Currently, there are no completely effective therapeutic medications for the management of this outbreak. The cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory medical condition due to excessive and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients suffering from severe COVID-19, leading to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and even mortality. Understanding the pathophysiology of COVID-19 can be helpful for the treatment of patients. Evidence suggests that the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 are dramatically different between mild and severe patients, so they may be important contributors to the cytokine storm. Several serum markers can be predictors for the cytokine storm. This review discusses the cytokines involved in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, focusing on interferons (IFNs) and ILs, and whether they can be used in COVID-19 treatment. Moreover, we highlight several microRNAs that are involved in these cytokines and their role in the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zamani Rarani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Hashemian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran
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5
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Virus-Induced Tumorigenesis and IFN System. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10100994. [PMID: 34681093 PMCID: PMC8533565 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic viruses favor the development of tumors in mammals by persistent infection and specific cellular pathways modifications by deregulating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. They counteract the cellular antiviral defense through viral proteins as well as specific cellular effectors involved in virus-induced tumorigenesis. Type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines critical not only for viral interference but also for their broad range of properties that go beyond the antiviral action. In fact, they can inhibit cell proliferation and modulate differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. However, their principal role is to regulate the development and activity of most effector cells of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Various are the mechanisms by which IFNs exert their effects on immune cells. They can act directly, through IFN receptor triggering, or indirectly by the induction of chemokines, the secretion of further cytokines, or by the stimulation of cells useful for the activation of particular immune cells. All the properties of IFNs are crucial in the host defense against viruses and bacteria, as well as in the immune surveillance against tumors. IFNs may be affected by and, in turn, affect signaling pathways to mediate anti-proliferative and antiviral responses in virus-induced tumorigenic context. New data on cellular and viral microRNAs (miRNAs) machinery, as well as cellular communication and microenvironment modification via classical secretion mechanisms and extracellular vesicles-mediated delivery are reported. Recent research is reviewed on the tumorigenesis induced by specific viruses with RNA or DNA genome, belonging to different families (i.e., HPV, HTLV-1, MCPyV, JCPyV, Herpesviruses, HBV, HCV) and the IFN system involvement.
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6
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Zika Virus Pathogenesis: A Battle for Immune Evasion. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030294. [PMID: 33810028 PMCID: PMC8005041 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and its associated congenital and other neurological disorders, particularly microcephaly and other fetal developmental abnormalities, constitute a World Health Organization (WHO) Zika Virus Research Agenda within the WHO’s R&D Blueprint for Action to Prevent Epidemics, and continue to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) today. ZIKV pathogenicity is initiated by viral infection and propagation across multiple placental and fetal tissue barriers, and is critically strengthened by subverting host immunity. ZIKV immune evasion involves viral non-structural proteins, genomic and non-coding RNA and microRNA (miRNA) to modulate interferon (IFN) signaling and production, interfering with intracellular signal pathways and autophagy, and promoting cellular environment changes together with secretion of cellular components to escape innate and adaptive immunity and further infect privileged immune organs/tissues such as the placenta and eyes. This review includes a description of recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying ZIKV immune modulation and evasion that strongly condition viral pathogenesis, which would certainly contribute to the development of anti-ZIKV strategies, drugs, and vaccines.
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7
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Matveeva OV, Shabalina SA. Prospects for Using Expression Patterns of Paramyxovirus Receptors as Biomarkers for Oncolytic Virotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123659. [PMID: 33291506 PMCID: PMC7762160 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Some non-pathogenic viruses that do not cause serious illness in humans can efficiently target and kill cancer cells and may be considered candidates for cancer treatment with virotherapy. However, many cancer cells are protected from viruses. An important goal of personalized cancer treatment is to identify viruses that can kill a certain type of cancer cells. To this end, researchers investigate expression patterns of cell entry receptors, which viruses use to bind to and enter host cells. We summarized and analyzed the receptor expression patterns of two paramyxoviruses: The non-pathogenic measles and the Sendai viruses. The receptors for these viruses are different and can be proteins or lipids with attached carbohydrates. This review discusses the prospects for using these paramyxovirus receptors as biomarkers for successful personalized virotherapy for certain types of cancer. Abstract The effectiveness of oncolytic virotherapy in cancer treatment depends on several factors, including successful virus delivery to the tumor, ability of the virus to enter the target malignant cell, virus replication, and the release of progeny virions from infected cells. The multi-stage process is influenced by the efficiency with which the virus enters host cells via specific receptors. This review describes natural and artificial receptors for two oncolytic paramyxoviruses, nonpathogenic measles, and Sendai viruses. Cell entry receptors are proteins for measles virus (MV) and sialylated glycans (sialylated glycoproteins or glycolipids/gangliosides) for Sendai virus (SeV). Accumulated published data reviewed here show different levels of expression of cell surface receptors for both viruses in different malignancies. Patients whose tumor cells have low or no expression of receptors for a specific oncolytic virus cannot be successfully treated with the virus. Recent published studies have revealed that an expression signature for immune genes is another important factor that determines the vulnerability of tumor cells to viral infection. In the future, a combination of expression signatures of immune and receptor genes could be used to find a set of oncolytic viruses that are more effective for specific malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Matveeva
- Sendai Viralytics LLC, 23 Nylander Way, Acton, MA 01720, USA
- Correspondence: (O.V.M.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Svetlana A. Shabalina
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
- Correspondence: (O.V.M.); (S.A.S.)
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8
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Drummond C, Gebhardt ME, Sáenz Robles MT, Carpi G, Hoyer I, Pastusiak A, Reddy MR, Norris DE, Pipas JM, Jackson EK. Stability and detection of nucleic acid from viruses and hosts in controlled mosquito blood feeds. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231061. [PMID: 32525960 PMCID: PMC7289426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the presence and spread of pathogens in the environment is of critical importance. Rapid detection of infectious disease outbreaks and prediction of their spread can facilitate early responses of health agencies and reduce the severity of outbreaks. Current sampling methods are sorely limited by available personnel and throughput. For instance, xenosurveillance utilizes captured arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, as sampling tools to access blood from a wide variety of vertebrate hosts. Next generation sequencing (NGS) of nucleic acid from individual blooded mosquitoes can be used to identify mosquito and host species, and microorganisms including pathogens circulating within either host. However, there are practical challenges to collecting and processing mosquitoes for xenosurveillance, such as the rapid metabolization or decay of microorganisms within the mosquito midgut. This particularly affects pathogens that do not replicate in mosquitoes, preventing their detection by NGS or other methods. Accordingly, we performed a series of experiments to establish the windows of detection for DNA or RNA from human blood and/or viruses present in mosquito blood meals. Our results will contribute to the development of xenosurveillance techniques with respect to optimal timing of sample collection and NGS processing and will also aid trap design by demonstrating the stabilizing effect of temperature control on viral genome recovery from blood-fed mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coyne Drummond
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Gebhardt
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maria Teresa Sáenz Robles
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Giovanna Carpi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Isaiah Hoyer
- Health Futures, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, United States of America
| | - Andrzej Pastusiak
- Health Futures, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Reddy
- Health Futures, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Douglas E. Norris
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - James M. Pipas
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ethan K. Jackson
- Health Futures, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, United States of America
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9
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Integrated MicroRNA and mRNA Profiling in Zika Virus-Infected Neurons. Viruses 2019; 11:v11020162. [PMID: 30781519 PMCID: PMC6410042 DOI: 10.3390/v11020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have caused a wide spectrum of neurological diseases, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, myelitis, meningoencephalitis, and congenital microcephaly. No effective therapies currently exist for treating patients infected with ZIKV. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNAs involved in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular and physiological processes. In this study, we analyzed digital miRNA and mRNA profiles in ZIKV-infected primary mouse neurons using the nCounter technology. A total of 599 miRNAs and 770 mRNAs were examined. We demonstrate that ZIKV infection causes global downregulation of miRNAs with only few upregulated miRNAs. ZIKV-modulated miRNAs including miR-155, miR-203, miR-29a, and miR-124-3p are known to play critical role in flavivirus infection, anti-viral immunity and brain injury. ZIKV infection also results in downregulation of miRNA processing enzymes. In contrast, ZIKV infection induces dramatic upregulation of anti-viral, inflammatory and apoptotic genes. Furthermore, our data demonstrate an inverse correlation between ZIKV-modulated miRNAs and target host mRNAs induced by ZIKV. Biofunctional analysis revealed that ZIKV-modulated miRNAs and mRNAs regulate the pathways related to neurological development and neuroinflammatory responses. Functional studies targeting specific miRNA are warranted to develop therapeutics for the management of ZIKV neurological disease.
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10
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Hu Z, Gu L, Li CL, Shu T, Lowrie DB, Fan XY. The Profile of T Cell Responses in Bacille Calmette-Guérin-Primed Mice Boosted by a Novel Sendai Virus Vectored Anti-Tuberculosis Vaccine. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1796. [PMID: 30123219 PMCID: PMC6085409 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinds of vaccine-induced T cell responses that are beneficial for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection are not adequately defined. We had shown that a novel Sendai virus vectored vaccine, SeV85AB, was able to enhance immune protection induced by bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) in a prime-boost model. However, the profile of T cell responses boosted by SeV85AB was not determined. Herein, we show that the antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were both enhanced by the SeV85AB boost after BCG. Different profiles of antigen-specific po T cell subsets were induced in the local (lung) and systemic (spleen) sites. In the spleen, the CD4+ T cell responses that were enhanced by the SeV85AB boost were predominately IL-2 responses, whereas in the lung the greater increases were in IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing CD4+ T cells; in CD8+ T cells, although IFN-γ was enhanced in both the spleen and lung, only IL-2+TNF-α+CD8+ T subset was boosted in the latter. After a challenge Mtb infection, there were significantly higher levels of recall IL-2 responses in T cells. In contrast, IFN-γ-producing cells were barely boosted by SeV85AB. After Mtb challenge a central memory phenotype of responding CD4+ T cells was a prominent feature in SeV85AB-boosted mice. Thus, our data strongly suggest that the enhanced immune protection induced by SeV85AB boosting was associated with establishment of an increased capacity to recall antigen-specific IL-2-mediated T cell responses and confirms this Sendai virus vector system as a promising candidate to be used in a heterologous prime-boost immunization regimen against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Hu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Gu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Ling Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Douglas B Lowrie
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Fan
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Nguyen TH, Liu X, Su ZZ, Hsu ACY, Foster PS, Yang M. Potential Role of MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Antiviral Responses to Influenza Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1541. [PMID: 30022983 PMCID: PMC6039551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a major health burden worldwide and is caused by influenza viruses that are enveloped and negative stranded RNA viruses. Little progress has been achieved in targeted intervention, either at a population level or at an individual level (to treat the cause), due to the toxicity of drugs and ineffective vaccines against influenza viruses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in gene expression, cell differentiation, and tissue development and have been shown to silence viral replication in a sequence-specific manner. Investigation of these small endogenous nucleotides may lead to new therapeutics against influenza virus infection. Here, we describe our current understanding of the role of miRNAs in host defense response against influenza virus, as well as their potential and limitation as new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hiep Nguyen
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhen Zhong Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Alan Chen-Yu Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul S Foster
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming Yang
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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12
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Chen Y, Thomas PS, Kumar RK, Herbert C. The role of noncoding RNAs in regulating epithelial responses in COPD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L184-L192. [PMID: 29722561 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00063.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one of the leading causes of death in the world, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways usually caused by long-term exposure to inhaled irritants. Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a key role in initializing COPD and driving the exacerbation of this disease through the release of various cytokines. This AEC-derived cytokine response is tightly regulated possibly through the regulatory effects of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Although the importance of ncRNAs in pulmonary diseases has been increasingly realized, little is known about the role of ncRNA in the regulation of inflammatory responses in COPD. This review outlines the features of AEC-derived cytokine responses in COPD and how ncRNAs regulate these inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Paul S Thomas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital , Sydney , Australia
| | - Rakesh K Kumar
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Cristan Herbert
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
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13
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Zhang S, Li J, Li J, Yang Y, Kang X, Li Y, Wu X, Zhu Q, Zhou Y, Hu Y. Up-regulation of microRNA-203 in influenza A virus infection inhibits viral replication by targeting DR1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6797. [PMID: 29717211 PMCID: PMC5931597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that play important roles in various biological processes. Much evidence shows that miRNAs are closely associated with numerous virus infections; however, involvement of cellular miRNAs in influenza A virus (IAV) infection is unclear. Here, we found that expression of miR-203 was up-regulated markedly via two different mechanisms during IAV infection. First, we examined the effects of type I interferon induced by IAV on direct activation of miR-203 expression. Next, we showed that DNA demethylation within the miR-203 promoter region in A549 cells induced its up-regulation, and that expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 was down-regulated following H5N1 virus infection. Ectopic expression of miR-203 in turn inhibited H5N1 virus replication by targeting down-regulator of transcription 1 (DR1), which was identified as a novel target of miR-203. Silencing DR1 in miR-203 knockout cells using a specific siRNA inhibited replication of the H5N1 virus, an effect similar to that of miR-203. In summary, the data show that host cell expression of miR-203 is up-regulated upon IAV infection, which increases antiviral responses by suppressing a novel target gene, DR1. Thus, we have identified a novel mechanism underlying the relationship between miR-203 and IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Wu M, Zhu Y, Cong F, Rao D, Yuan W, Wang J, Huang B, Lian Y, Zhang Y, Huang R, Guo P. Rapid detection of three rabbit pathogens by use of the Luminex x-TAG assay. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:127. [PMID: 29625588 PMCID: PMC5889542 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Domestic rabbits especially New Zealand white rabbits play an important role in biological research. The disease surveillance and quality control are essential to guarantee the results of animal experiments performed on rabbits. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, rabbit rotavirus and Sendai virus are the important pathogens that needed to be eliminated. Rapid and sensitive method focus on these three viruses should be established for routine monitoring. The Luminex x-TAG assay based on multiplex PCR and fluorescent microsphere is a fast developing technology applied in high throughput detection. Specific primers modified with oligonucleotide sequence/biotin were used to amplify target fragments. The conjugation between oligonucleotide sequence of the PCR products and the MagPlex-TAG microspheres was specific without any cross-reaction, and the hybridization products could be analyzed using the Luminex 200 analyzer instrument. Recombinant plasmids were constructed to estimate the detection limit of the viruses. Furthermore, 40 clinical samples were used to evaluate the efficiency of this multiplex PCR based Luminex x-TAG assay. Results According to the results, this new method showed high specificity and good stability. Assessed by the recombinant plasmids, the detection limit of three viruses was 100copies/μl. Among 40 clinical specimens, 18 specimens were found positive, which was completely concordant with the conventional PCR method. Conclusions The new developed Luminex x-TAG assay is an accurate, high throughput method for rapid detection of three important viruses of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoli Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, 510633, China.,Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujun Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Cong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, 510633, China
| | - Dan Rao
- Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, 510633, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, 510633, China
| | - Bihong Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuexiao Lian
- Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren Huang
- Guangdong laboratory animals monitoring institute, Guangzhou, 510633, China.
| | - Pengju Guo
- Guangdong key laboratory of laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Yang CH, Wang Y, Sims M, Cai C, He P, Yue J, Cheng J, Boop FA, Pfeffer SR, Pfeffer LM. MiRNA203 suppresses the expression of protumorigenic STAT1 in glioblastoma to inhibit tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84017-84029. [PMID: 27705947 PMCID: PMC5341291 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in regulating cancer cell proliferation, migration, survival and sensitivity to chemotherapy. The potential application of using miRNAs for cancer prognosis holds great promise but miRNAs with predictive value remain to be identified and underlying mechanisms of how they promote or suppress tumorigenesis are not completely understood. Here, we show a strong correlation between miR203 expression and brain cancer patient survival. Low miR203 expression is found in subsets of brain cancer patients, especially glioblastoma. Ectopic miR203 expression in glioblastoma cell lines inhibited cell proliferation and migration, increased sensitivity to apoptosis induced by interferon or temozolomide in vitro, and inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. We further show that STAT1 is a direct functional target of miR203, and miR203 level is negatively correlated with STAT1 expression in brain cancer patients. Knockdown of STAT1 expression mimicked the effect of overexpression of miR203 in glioblastoma cell lines, and inhibited cell proliferation and migration, increased sensitivity to apoptosis induced by IFN or temozolomide in vitro, and inhibited glioblastoma tumorigenesis in vivo. High STAT1 expression significantly correlated with poor survival in brain cancer patients. Mechanistically, we found that enforced miR203 expression in glioblastoma suppressed STAT1 expression directly, as well as that of a number of STAT1 regulated genes. Taken together, our data suggest that miR203 acts as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma by suppressing the pro-tumorigenic action of STAT1. MiR203 may serve as a predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target in subsets of cancer patients with low miR203 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan He Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michelle Sims
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chun Cai
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ping He
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jinjun Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Frederick A Boop
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Susan R Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lawrence M Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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16
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Arimoto KI, Miyauchi S, Stoner SA, Fan JB, Zhang DE. Negative regulation of type I IFN signaling. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:1099-1116. [PMID: 29357192 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2mir0817-342r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I IFNs (α, β, and others) are a family of cytokines that are produced in physiological conditions as well as in response to the activation of pattern recognition receptors. They are critically important in controlling the host innate and adaptive immune response to viral and some bacterial infections, cancer, and other inflammatory stimuli. However, dysregulation of type I IFN production or response can contribute to immune pathologies termed "interferonopathies", pointing to the importance of balanced activating signals with tightly regulated mechanisms of tuning this signaling. Here, we summarize the recent advances of how type I IFN production and response are controlled at multiple levels of the type I IFN signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-Ichiro Arimoto
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sayuri Miyauchi
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Samuel A Stoner
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jun-Bao Fan
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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17
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Zhang C, Feng S, Zhang W, Chen N, Hegazy AM, Chen W, Liu X, Zhao L, Li J, Lin L, Tu J. MicroRNA miR-214 Inhibits Snakehead Vesiculovirus Replication by Promoting IFN-α Expression via Targeting Host Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1775. [PMID: 29312306 PMCID: PMC5732478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV), a new rhabdovirus isolated from diseased hybrid snakehead, has emerged as an important pathogen during the past few years in China with great economical losses in snakehead fish cultures. However, little is known about the mechanism of its pathogenicity. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally modulate gene expression and have been indicated to regulate almost all cellular processes. Our previous study has revealed that miR-214 was downregulated upon SHVV infection. Results The overexpression of miR-214 in striped snakehead (SSN-1) cells inhibited SHVV replication and promoted IFN-α expression, while miR-214 inhibitor facilitated SHVV replication and reduced IFN-α expression. These findings suggested that miR-214 negatively regulated SHVV replication probably through positively regulating IFN-α expression. Further investigation revealed that adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was a target gene of miR-214. Knockdown of AMPK by siRNA inhibited SHVV replication and promoted IFN-α expression, suggesting that cellular AMPK positively regulated SHVV replication and negatively regulated IFN-α expression. Moreover, we found that siAMPK-mediated inhibition of SHVV replication could be partially restored by miR-214 inhibitor, indicating that miR-214 inhibited SHVV replication at least partially via targeting AMPK. Conclusion The findings of this study complemented our early study, and provide insights for the mechanism of SHVV pathogenicity. SHVV infection downregulated miR-214, and in turn, the downregulated miR-214 increased the expression of its target gene AMPK, which promoted SHVV replication via reducing IFN-α expression. It can therefore assume that cellular circumstance with low level of miR-214 is beneficial for SHVV replication and that SHVV evades host antiviral innate immunity through decreasing IFN-α expression via regulating cellular miR-214 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Feng
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Abeer M Hegazy
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring (CLEQM), National Water Research Center (NWRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China.,School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI, United States.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiagang Tu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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18
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Terron-Canedo N, Weir W, Nicolson L, Britton C, Nasir L. Differential expression of microRNAs in bovine papillomavirus type 1 transformed equine cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:764-774. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Terron-Canedo
- MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | - W. Weir
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | - L. Nicolson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | - C. Britton
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | - L. Nasir
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
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19
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Li H, Li S, Zheng J, Cai C, Ye B, Yang J, Chen Z. Cerebrospinal fluid Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in children with enterovirus 71-associated meningoencephalitis. Microbiol Immunol 2016; 59:152-9. [PMID: 25611005 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection can cause severe neurological complications including meningoencephalitis (ME) in some patients with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). However, to date no studies have reported changes in cytokine concentrations and their correlations with clinical variables in patients with ME following EV71 infection. In this study, responses of Th1/Th2 cytokine, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with EV71-related HFMD with ME and patients with febrile convulsions (FC) were analyzed using cytometric bead array technology. It was found that CSF IL-6 and IFN-γ concentrations were significantly higher in patients with EV71-related ME than in those with FC. Additionally, both CSF IL-6 and IFN-γ concentrations were correlated with CSF cytology, fever duration and duration of hospital stay. More interestingly, a positive correlation between CSF IL-6 and IFN-γ concentrations was observed. Finally, receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that when a cutoff value of 9.40 pg/mL was set for IL-6, the sensitivity and specificity were 84.5% and 85.5%, respectively, for discriminating EV71-related ME from FC. In conclusion, IL-6 and IFN-γ may be associated with EV71-induced neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Li
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003,; Department of Pediatrics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000
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20
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Bela-ong DB, Schyth BD, Zou J, Secombes CJ, Lorenzen N. Involvement of two microRNAs in the early immune response to DNA vaccination against a fish rhabdovirus. Vaccine 2015; 33:3215-22. [PMID: 25957662 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms that account for the high protective efficacy in teleost fish of a DNA vaccine expressing the glycoprotein (G) of Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) are thought to involve early innate immune responses mediated by interferons (IFNs). Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are a diverse class of small (18-22 nucleotides) endogenous RNAs that potently mediate post-transcriptional silencing of a wide range of genes and are emerging as critical regulators of cellular processes, including immune responses. We have recently reported that miR-462 and miR-731 were strongly induced in rainbow trout infected with VHSV. In this study, we analyzed the expression of these miRNAs in fish following administration of the DNA vaccine and their potential functions. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed the increased levels of miR-462, and miR-731 in the skeletal muscle tissue at the site of vaccine administration and in the liver of vaccinated fish relative to empty plasmid backbone-injected controls. The increased expression of these miRNAs in the skeletal muscle correlated with the increased levels of the type I interferon (IFN)-inducible gene Mx, type I IFN and IFN-γ genes at the vaccination site. Intramuscular injection of fish with either type I IFN or IFN-γ plasmid construct resulted in the upregulation of miR-462 and miR-731 at the site of injection, suggesting that the induction of these miRNAs is elicited by IFNs. To analyze the function of miR-462 and miR-731, specific silencing of these miRNAs using anti-miRNA oligonucleotides was conducted in poly I:C-treated rainbow trout fingerlings. Following VHSV challenge, anti-miRNA-injected fish had faster development of disease and higher mortalities than control fish, indicating that miR-462/731 may be involved in IFN-mediated protection conferred by poly I:C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Berbulla Bela-ong
- Fish Health Section, Department of Animal Science, University of Aarhus, Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Århus N, Denmark; Section for Immunology and Vaccinology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Brian Dall Schyth
- Section for Immunology and Vaccinology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jun Zou
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Niels Lorenzen
- Fish Health Section, Department of Animal Science, University of Aarhus, Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Århus N, Denmark.
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21
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Composite macroH2A/NRF-1 Nucleosomes Suppress Noise and Generate Robustness in Gene Expression. Cell Rep 2015; 11:1090-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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22
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MicroRNAs in virus-induced tumorigenesis and IFN system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 26:183-94. [PMID: 25466647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs encoded in the human genome, have been shown to be involved in cancer pathogenesis and progression. There is evidence that some of these miRNAs possess proapoptotic or proliferation promoting roles in the cell by negatively regulating target mRNAs. Oncogenic viruses are able to produce persistent infection, favoring tumor development by deregulating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. It has been recently suggested that cellular miRNAs may participate in host-virus interactions, influencing viral replication. Many mammalian viruses counteract this cellular antiviral defense by using viral proteins but also by encoding viral miRNAs involved in virus-induced tumorigenesis. Interferons (IFNs) modulate a number of non-coding RNA genes, especially miRNAs, that may be used by mammalian organisms as a mechanism of IFN system to combat viral infection and related diseases. In particular, IFNs might induce specific cellular miRNAs that target viral transcripts thereby using this strategy as part of their effectiveness against invading viruses. Therefore IFNs, interferon stimulated genes and miRNAs could act synergistically as innate response to virus infection to induce a potent non-permissive cellular environment for virus replication and virus-induced cancer. The relevance of this reviewed research topic is clearly related to the observation that although virus infections are responsible of specific tumors, other unidentified genetic alterations are likely involved in the induction of malignant transformation. The identification of such genetic alterations, i.e. miRNA expression in transformed cells, would be of considerable importance for the analysis of the pathogenesis and for the treatment of cancer induced by specific viruses as well as for the advancement of the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying virus-host interaction. In this respect, we will review also the important, still little explored, roles of miRNAs acting both as IFN-stimulated anti-viral molecules and as critical regulators of IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes.
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23
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Fish EN, Platanias LC. Interferon receptor signaling in malignancy: a network of cellular pathways defining biological outcomes. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 12:1691-703. [PMID: 25217450 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IFNs are cytokines with important antiproliferative activity and exhibit key roles in immune surveillance against malignancies. Early work initiated over three decades ago led to the discovery of IFN receptor activated Jak-Stat pathways and provided important insights into mechanisms for transcriptional activation of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) that mediate IFN biologic responses. Since then, additional evidence has established critical roles for other receptor-activated signaling pathways in the induction of IFN activities. These include MAPK pathways, mTOR cascades, and PKC pathways. In addition, specific miRNAs appear to play a significant role in the regulation of IFN signaling responses. This review focuses on the emerging evidence for a model in which IFNs share signaling elements and pathways with growth factors and tumorigenic signals but engage them in a distinctive manner to mediate antiproliferative and antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor N Fish
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Hematology-Oncology, Northwestern University Medical School and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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24
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Savan R. Post-transcriptional regulation of interferons and their signaling pathways. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2014; 34:318-29. [PMID: 24702117 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2013.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are low molecular weight cell-derived proteins that include the type I, II, and III IFN families. IFNs are critical for an optimal immune response during microbial infections while dysregulated expression can lead to autoimmune diseases. Given its role in disease, it is important to understand cellular mechanisms of IFN regulation. 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) have emerged as potent regulators of mRNA and protein dosage and are controlled through multiple regulatory elements including adenylate uridylate (AU)-rich elements (AREs) and microRNA (miRNA) recognition elements. These AREs are targeted by RNA-binding proteins (ARE-BPs) for degradation and/or stabilization through an ARE-mediated decay process. miRNA are endogenous, single-stranded RNA molecules ~22 nucleotides in length that regulate mRNA translation through the miRNA-induced silencing complex. IFN transcripts, like other labile mRNAs, harbor AREs in their 3' UTRs that dictate the turnover of mRNA. This review is a survey of the literature related to IFN regulation by miRNA, ARE-BPs, and how these complexes interact dynamically on the 3' UTR. Additionally, downstream effects of these post-transcriptional regulators on the immune response will be discussed. Review topics include past studies, current understanding, and future challenges in the study of post-transcriptional regulation affecting IFN responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Savan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
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25
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Kroeker AL, Coombs KM. Systems biology unravels interferon responses to respiratory virus infections. World J Biol Chem 2014; 5:12-25. [PMID: 24600511 PMCID: PMC3942539 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v5.i1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon production is an important defence against viral replication and its activation is an attractive therapeutic target. However, it has long been known that viruses perpetually evolve a multitude of strategies to evade these host immune responses. In recent years there has been an explosion of information on virus-induced alterations of the host immune response that have resulted from data-rich omics technologies. Unravelling how these systems interact and determining the overall outcome of the host response to viral infection will play an important role in future treatment and vaccine development. In this review we focus primarily on the interferon pathway and its regulation as well as mechanisms by which respiratory RNA viruses interfere with its signalling capacity.
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MicroRNA 155 regulates Japanese encephalitis virus-induced inflammatory response by targeting Src homology 2-containing inositol phosphatase 1. J Virol 2014; 88:4798-810. [PMID: 24522920 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02979-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded small RNA molecules that regulate various cellular processes. miRNA 155 (miR-155) regulates various aspects of innate and adaptive immune responses and plays a key role in various viral infections and the resulting neuroinflammation. The present study evaluated the involvement of miR-155 in modulating Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)-induced neuroinflammation. We observed that miR-155 expression was upregulated during JEV infection of mouse primary microglia, the BV-2 microglia cell line, and in both mouse and human brains. In vitro and in vivo knockdown of miR-155 minimized JEV-induced inflammatory responses. In the present study, we confirmed targeting of the Src homology 2-containing inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) 3' untranslated region (UTR) by miR-155 in the context of JEV infection. Inhibition of SHIP1 by miR-155 resulted in higher beta interferon (IFN-β) and proinflammatory cytokine production through activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK-1). Based on these observations, we conclude that miR-155 modulates the neuroinflammatory response during JEV infection via negative regulation of SHIP1 expression. Thus, modulation of miR-155 could be a novel strategy to regulate JEV-induced neuroinflammation. IMPORTANCE Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of the family Flaviviridae that causes Japanese encephalitis (JE), is the most common mosquito-borne encephalitis virus in the Asia-Pacific region. The disease is feared, as currently there are no specific antiviral drugs available. JEV targets the central nervous system, leading to high mortality and neurological and psychiatric sequelae in some of those who survive. The level of inflammation correlates well with the clinical outcome in patients. Recently, microRNA (miRNA), a single-stranded noncoding RNA, has been implicated in various brain disorders. The present study investigates the role of miRNA in JEV-induced neuroinflammation. Our results show that miRNA 155 (miR-155) targets the Src homology 2-containing inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) protein and promotes inflammation by regulating the NF-κB pathway, increasing the expression of various proinflammatory cytokines and the antiviral response. Thus, miR-155 is a potential therapeutic target to develop antivirals in JE and other brain disorders where inflammation plays a significant role in disease progression.
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Buggele WA, Krause KE, Horvath CM. Small RNA profiling of influenza A virus-infected cells identifies miR-449b as a regulator of histone deacetylase 1 and interferon beta. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76560. [PMID: 24086750 PMCID: PMC3784411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian antiviral response relies on the alteration of cellular gene expression, to induce the production of antiviral effectors and regulate their activities. Recent research has indicated that virus infections can induce the accumulation of cellular microRNA (miRNA) species that influence the stability of host mRNAs and their protein products. To determine the potential for miRNA regulation of cellular responses to influenza A virus infection, small RNA profiling was carried out using next generation sequencing. Comparison of miRNA expression profiles in uninfected human A549 cells to cells infected with influenza A virus strains A/Udorn/72 and A/WSN/33, revealed virus-induced changes in miRNA abundance. Gene expression analysis identified mRNA targets for a cohort of highly inducible miRNAs linked to diverse cellular functions. Experiments demonstrate that the histone deacetylase, HDAC1, can be regulated by influenza-inducible miR-449b, resulting in altered mRNA and protein levels. Expression of miR-449b enhances virus and poly(I:C) activation of the IFNβ promoter, a process known to be negatively regulated by HDAC1. These findings demonstrate miRNA induction by influenza A virus infection and elucidate an example of miRNA control of antiviral gene expression in human cells, defining a role for miR-449b in regulation of HDAC1 and antiviral cytokine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A. Buggele
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Katherine E. Krause
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Curt M. Horvath
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lagatie O, Tritsmans L, Stuyver LJ. The miRNA world of polyomaviruses. Virol J 2013; 10:268. [PMID: 23984639 PMCID: PMC3765807 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses are a family of non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting several species, including humans, primates, birds, rodents, bats, horse, cattle, raccoon and sea lion. They typically cause asymptomatic infection and establish latency but can be reactivated under certain conditions causing severe diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in several cellular processes by binding to and inhibiting the translation of specific mRNA transcripts. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of microRNAs involved in polyomavirus infection. We review in detail the different viral miRNAs that have been discovered and the role they play in controlling both host and viral protein expression. We also give an overview of the current understanding on how host miRNAs may function in controlling polyomavirus replication, immune evasion and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Lagatie
- Janssen Diagnostics, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium.
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