1
|
Mohammad Faizal NDF, Ramli NA, Mat Rani NNI, Shaibie NA, Aarti, Poonsawas P, Sharma SK, Mohd Amin MCI. Leveraging immunoliposomes as nanocarriers against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100855. [PMID: 38125653 PMCID: PMC10730353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic arising from SARS-CoV-2 has impacted many lives, gaining interest worldwide ever since it was first identified in December 2019. Till 2023, 752 million cumulative cases and 6.8 million deaths were documented globally. COVID-19 has been rapidly evolving, affecting virus transmissibility and properties and contributing to increased disease severity. The Omicron is the most circulating variant of concern. Although success in its treatment has indicated progress in tackling the virus, limitations in delivering the current antiviral agents in battling emerging variants remain remarkable. With the latest advancements in nanotechnology for controlling infectious diseases, liposomes have the potential to counteract SARS-CoV-2 because of their ability to employ different targeting strategies, incorporating monoclonal antibodies for the active and passive targeting of infected patients. This review will present a concise summary of the possible strategies for utilizing immunoliposomes to improve current treatment against the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Dini Fatini Mohammad Faizal
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology and Vaccine (CENTRIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Afina Ramli
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology and Vaccine (CENTRIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP) No.3, Jalan Greentown, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nur Adania Shaibie
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology and Vaccine (CENTRIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Aarti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | | | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology and Vaccine (CENTRIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Damm D, Suleiman E, Wagner JT, Klessing S, Pfister F, Elsayed H, Walkenfort B, Stobrawe J, Mayer J, Lehner E, Müller-Schmucker SM, Hasenberg M, Wyatt RT, Vorauer-Uhl K, Temchura V, Überla K. Modulation of immune responses to liposomal vaccines by intrastructural help. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:112-125. [PMID: 37797679 PMCID: PMC10872448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of HIV-unrelated T helper peptides into liposomal vaccines presenting trimers of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) on the surface (T helper liposomes) may recruit heterologous T cells to provide help for Env-specific B cells. This mechanism called intrastructural help can modulate the HIV-specific humoral immune response. In this study, we used cationic T helper liposomes to induce intrastructural help effects in a small animal model. The liposomes were functionalized with Env trimers by a tag-free approach designed to enable a simplified GMP production. The pre-fusion conformation of the conjugated Env trimers was verified by immunogold electron microscopy (EM) imaging and flow cytometry. The liposomes induced strong activation of Env-specific B cells in vitro. In comparison to previously established anionic liposomes, cationic T helper liposomes were superior in CD4+ T cell activation after uptake by dendritic cells. Moreover, the T helper liposomes were able to target Env-specific B cells in secondary lymphoid organs after intramuscular injection. We also observed efficient T helper cell activation and proliferation in co-cultures with Env-specific B cells in the presence of cationic T helper liposomes. Mouse immunization experiments with cationic T helper liposomes further revealed a modulation of the Env-specific IgG subtype distribution and enhancement of the longevity of antibody responses by ovalbumin- and Hepatitis B (HBV)-specific T cell help. Thus, clinical evaluation of the concept of intrastructural help seems warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Damm
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ehsan Suleiman
- Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Jannik T Wagner
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Klessing
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Pfister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Hassan Elsayed
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Bernd Walkenfort
- Imaging Center Essen (IMCES), Electron Microscopy Unit (EMU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Jule Stobrawe
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Julia Mayer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Elisabeth Lehner
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sandra M Müller-Schmucker
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Mike Hasenberg
- Imaging Center Essen (IMCES), Electron Microscopy Unit (EMU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | | | - Karola Vorauer-Uhl
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Vladimir Temchura
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Klaus Überla
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ringe RP, Colin P, Ozorowski G, Allen JD, Yasmeen A, Seabright GE, Lee JH, Antanasijevic A, Rantalainen K, Ketas T, Moore JP, Ward AB, Crispin M, Klasse PJ. Glycan heterogeneity as a cause of the persistent fraction in HIV-1 neutralization. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011601. [PMID: 37903160 PMCID: PMC10635575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) to multiple epitopes on the HIV-1-envelope glycoprotein (Env) have been isolated from infected persons. The potency of NAbs is measured more often than the size of the persistent fraction of infectivity at maximum neutralization, which may also influence preventive efficacy of active or passive immunization and the therapeutic outcome of the latter. Many NAbs neutralize HIV-1 CZA97.012, a clone of a Clade-C isolate, to ~100%. But here NAb PGT151, directed to a fusion-peptide epitope, left a persistent fraction of 15%. NAb PGT145, ligating the Env-trimer apex, left no detectable persistent fraction. The divergence in persistent fractions was further analyzed by depletion of pseudoviral populations of the most PGT151- and PGT145-reactive virions. Thereby, neutralization by the non-depleting NAb increased, whereas neutralization by the depleting NAb decreased. Furthermore, depletion by PGT151 increased sensitivity to autologous neutralization by sera from rabbits immunized with soluble native-like CZA97.012 trimer: substantial persistent fractions were reduced. NAbs in these sera target epitopes comprising residue D411 at the V4-β19 transition in a defect of the glycan shield on CZA97.012 Env. NAb binding to affinity-fractionated soluble native-like CZA97.012 trimer differed commensurately with neutralization in analyses by ELISA and surface plasmon resonance. Glycan differences between PGT151- and PGT145-purified trimer fractions were then demonstrated by mass spectrometry, providing one explanation for the differential antigenicity. These differences were interpreted in relation to a new structure at 3.4-Å resolution of the soluble CZA97.012 trimer determined by cryo-electron microscopy. The trimer adopted a closed conformation, refuting apex opening as the cause of reduced PGT145 binding to the PGT151-purified form. The evidence suggests that differences in binding and neutralization after trimer purification or pseudovirus depletion with PGT145 or PGT151 are caused by variation in glycosylation, and that some glycan variants affect antigenicity through direct effects on antibody contacts, whereas others act allosterically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh P. Ringe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Philippe Colin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Joel D. Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anila Yasmeen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gemma E. Seabright
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jeong Hyun Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Aleksandar Antanasijevic
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Kimmo Rantalainen
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Ketas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - John P. Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - P. J. Klasse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Colin P, Ringe RP, Yasmeen A, Ozorowski G, Ketas TJ, Lee WH, Ward AB, Moore JP, Klasse PJ. Conformational antigenic heterogeneity as a cause of the persistent fraction in HIV-1 neutralization. Retrovirology 2023; 20:9. [PMID: 37244989 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-023-00624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) protect against HIV-1 acquisition in animal models and show promise in treatment of infection. They act by binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env), thereby blocking its receptor interactions and fusogenic function. The potency of neutralization is largely determined by affinity. Less well explained is the persistent fraction, the plateau of remaining infectivity at the highest antibody concentrations. RESULTS We observed different persistent fractions for neutralization of pseudovirus derived from two Tier-2 isolates of HIV-1, BG505 (Clade A) and B41 (Clade B): it was pronounced for B41 but not BG505 neutralization by NAb PGT151, directed to the interface between the outer and transmembrane subunits of Env, and negligible for either virus by NAb PGT145 to an apical epitope. Autologous neutralization by poly- and monoclonal NAbs from rabbits immunized with soluble native-like B41 trimer also left substantial persistent fractions. These NAbs largely target a cluster of epitopes lining a hole in the dense glycan shield of Env around residue 289. We partially depleted B41-virion populations by incubating them with PGT145- or PGT151-conjugated beads. Each depletion reduced the sensitivity to the depleting NAb and enhanced it to the other. Autologous neutralization by the rabbit NAbs was decreased for PGT145-depleted and enhanced for PGT151-depleted B41 pseudovirus. Those changes in sensitivity encompassed both potency and the persistent fraction. We then compared soluble native-like BG505 and B41 Env trimers affinity-purified by each of three NAbs: 2G12, PGT145, or PGT151. Surface plasmon resonance showed differences among the fractions in antigenicity, including kinetics and stoichiometry, congruently with the differential neutralization. The large persistent fraction after PGT151 neutralization of B41 was attributable to low stoichiometry, which we explained structurally by clashes that the conformational plasticity of B41 Env causes. CONCLUSION Distinct antigenic forms even of clonal HIV-1 Env, detectable among soluble native-like trimer molecules, are distributed over virions and may profoundly mold neutralization of certain isolates by certain NAbs. Affinity purifications with some antibodies may yield immunogens that preferentially expose epitopes for broadly active NAbs, shielding less cross-reactive ones. NAbs reactive with multiple conformers will together reduce the persistent fraction after passive and active immunization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Colin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, 62 , New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Infinity, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Rajesh P Ringe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, 62 , New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Virology Unit, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anila Yasmeen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, 62 , New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Consortium for HIV Vaccine 14 Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Thomas J Ketas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, 62 , New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Wen-Hsin Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Consortium for HIV Vaccine 14 Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Consortium for HIV Vaccine 14 Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - John P Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, 62 , New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - P J Klasse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, 62 , New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang YN, Paynter J, Antanasijevic A, Allen JD, Eldad M, Lee YZ, Copps J, Newby ML, He L, Chavez D, Frost P, Goodroe A, Dutton J, Lanford R, Chen C, Wilson IA, Crispin M, Ward AB, Zhu J. Single-component multilayered self-assembling protein nanoparticles presenting glycan-trimmed uncleaved prefusion optimized envelope trimmers as HIV-1 vaccine candidates. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1985. [PMID: 37031217 PMCID: PMC10082823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncleaved prefusion-optimized (UFO) design can stabilize diverse HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Envs). Single-component, self-assembling protein nanoparticles (1c-SApNP) can display 8 or 20 native-like Env trimers as vaccine candidates. We characterize the biophysical, structural, and antigenic properties of 1c-SApNPs that present the BG505 UFO trimer with wildtype and modified glycans. For 1c-SApNPs, glycan trimming improves recognition of the CD4 binding site without affecting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to major glycan epitopes. In mice, rabbits, and nonhuman primates, glycan trimming increases the frequency of vaccine responders (FVR) and steers antibody responses away from immunodominant glycan holes and glycan patches. The mechanism of vaccine-induced immunity is examined in mice. Compared with the UFO trimer, the multilayered E2p and I3-01v9 1c-SApNPs show 420 times longer retention in lymph node follicles, 20-32 times greater presentation on follicular dendritic cell dendrites, and up-to-4 times stronger germinal center reactions. These findings can inform future HIV-1 vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Zhang
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jennifer Paynter
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Aleksandar Antanasijevic
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Mor Eldad
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yi-Zong Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Maddy L Newby
- School of Biological Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Linling He
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Deborah Chavez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Pat Frost
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Anna Goodroe
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - John Dutton
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Robert Lanford
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dobrovolskaia MA. Lessons learned from immunological characterization of nanomaterials at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory. Front Immunol 2022; 13:984252. [PMID: 36304452 PMCID: PMC9592561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.984252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology carriers have become common in pharmaceutical products because of their benefits to drug delivery, including reduced toxicities and improved efficacy of active pharmaceutical ingredients due to targeted delivery, prolonged circulation time, and controlled payload release. While available examples of reduced drug toxicity through formulation using a nanocarrier are encouraging, current data also demonstrate that nanoparticles may change a drug’s biodistribution and alter its toxicity profile. Moreover, individual components of nanoparticles and excipients commonly used in formulations are often not immunologically inert and contribute to the overall immune responses to nanotechnology-formulated products. Said immune responses may be beneficial or adverse depending on the indication, dose, dose regimen, and route of administration. Therefore, comprehensive toxicology studies are of paramount importance even when previously known drugs, components, and excipients are used in nanoformulations. Recent data also suggest that, despite decades of research directed at hiding nanocarriers from the immune recognition, the immune system’s inherent property of clearing particulate materials can be leveraged to improve the therapeutic efficacy of drugs formulated using nanoparticles. Herein, I review current knowledge about nanoparticles’ interaction with the immune system and how these interactions contribute to nanotechnology-formulated drug products’ safety and efficacy through the lens of over a decade of nanoparticle characterization at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chuang ST, Conklin B, Stein JB, Pan G, Lee KB. Nanotechnology-enabled immunoengineering approaches to advance therapeutic applications. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:19. [PMID: 35482149 PMCID: PMC9047473 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has reached clinical success in the last decade, with the emergence of new and effective treatments such as checkpoint blockade therapy and CAR T-cell therapy that have drastically improved patient outcomes. Still, these therapies can be improved to limit off-target effects, mitigate systemic toxicities, and increase overall efficacies. Nanoscale engineering offers strategies that enable researchers to attain these goals through the manipulation of immune cell functions, such as enhancing immunity against cancers and pathogens, controlling the site of immune response, and promoting tolerance via the delivery of small molecule drugs or biologics. By tuning the properties of the nanomaterials, such as size, shape, charge, and surface chemistry, different types of immune cells can be targeted and engineered, such as dendritic cells for immunization, or T cells for promoting adaptive immunity. Researchers have come to better understand the critical role the immune system plays in the progression of pathologies besides cancer, and developing nanoengineering approaches that seek to harness the potential of immune cell activities can lead to favorable outcomes for the treatment of injuries and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Skylar T Chuang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Brandon Conklin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Joshua B Stein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - George Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Balachandran YL, Li Z, Cong Y, Shao Y, Jiang X. Two dimensional nanosheets as immunoregulator improve HIV vaccine efficacy. Chem Sci 2021; 13:178-187. [PMID: 35059165 PMCID: PMC8694375 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04044h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets as carriers have shown promising potential for surface-displaying or loading various drugs. Nevertheless, developing sheet-like materials themselves into an immunoregulator has never been realized so far. In this study, we take advantage of the immunoregulatory effects of rare earth elements themselves and develop water-soluble erbium-dysprosium 2D nanosheets (2D NSs). Such 2D NSs can target lymph nodes and activate macrophages to improve vaccine efficacy in mice significantly. Transcriptome analysis further reveals that six critical molecules (Msr1, Ccr2, Serpinb9, Klrk1, Klrd1, Klrc1) closely correlate with 2D NS-mediated immunoregulation in vivo. For the first time, the present work realizes a proof-of-concept for designing immunoregulatory 2D NSs and shows a promising potential of 2D NSs for improving the immunoprophylaxis/immunotherapy of vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Kunming Yunnan 650000 P. R. China
| | - Yekkuni L Balachandran
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 P. R. China
| | - Zulan Li
- Clinical Laboratory of South Building, Chinese P. L. A. General Hospital No. 28 Fuxing Road Beijing 100853 P. R. China
| | - Yulong Cong
- Clinical Laboratory of South Building, Chinese P. L. A. General Hospital No. 28 Fuxing Road Beijing 100853 P. R. China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Antanasijevic A, Sewall LM, Cottrell CA, Carnathan DG, Jimenez LE, Ngo JT, Silverman JB, Groschel B, Georgeson E, Bhiman J, Bastidas R, LaBranche C, Allen JD, Copps J, Perrett HR, Rantalainen K, Cannac F, Yang YR, de la Peña AT, Rocha RF, Berndsen ZT, Baker D, King NP, Sanders RW, Moore JP, Crotty S, Crispin M, Montefiori DC, Burton DR, Schief WR, Silvestri G, Ward AB. Polyclonal antibody responses to HIV Env immunogens resolved using cryoEM. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4817. [PMID: 34376662 PMCID: PMC8355326 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered ectodomain trimer immunogens based on BG505 envelope glycoprotein are widely utilized as components of HIV vaccine development platforms. In this study, we used rhesus macaques to evaluate the immunogenicity of several stabilized BG505 SOSIP constructs both as free trimers and presented on a nanoparticle. We applied a cryoEM-based method for high-resolution mapping of polyclonal antibody responses elicited in immunized animals (cryoEMPEM). Mutational analysis coupled with neutralization assays were used to probe the neutralization potential at each epitope. We demonstrate that cryoEMPEM data can be used for rapid, high-resolution analysis of polyclonal antibody responses without the need for monoclonal antibody isolation. This approach allowed to resolve structurally distinct classes of antibodies that bind overlapping sites. In addition to comprehensive mapping of commonly targeted neutralizing and non-neutralizing epitopes in BG505 SOSIP immunogens, our analysis revealed that epitopes comprising engineered stabilizing mutations and of partially occupied glycosylation sites can be immunogenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Antanasijevic
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leigh M Sewall
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Cottrell
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Diane G Carnathan
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luis E Jimenez
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julia T Ngo
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Silverman
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bettina Groschel
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erik Georgeson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jinal Bhiman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Raiza Bastidas
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Celia LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hailee R Perrett
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kimmo Rantalainen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fabien Cannac
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuhe R Yang
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alba Torrents de la Peña
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebeca Froes Rocha
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zachary T Berndsen
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Baker
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John P Moore
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shane Crotty
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Dennis R Burton
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William R Schief
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar S, Lin X, Ngo T, Shapero B, Sou C, Allen JD, Copps J, Zhang L, Ozorowski G, He L, Crispin M, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Zhu J. Neutralizing Antibodies Induced by First-Generation gp41-Stabilized HIV-1 Envelope Trimers and Nanoparticles. mBio 2021; 12:e0042921. [PMID: 34156262 PMCID: PMC8262854 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00429-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of gp41-stabilized HIV-1 BG505 envelope (Env) trimers and nanoparticles (NPs) was recently assessed in mice and rabbits. Here, we combined Env-specific B-cell sorting and repertoire sequencing to identify neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) from immunized animals. A panel of mouse NAbs was isolated from mice immunized with a 60-meric I3-01 NP presenting 20 stabilized trimers. Three mouse NAbs potently neutralized BG505.T332N by recognizing a glycan epitope centered in the C3/V4 region on BG505 Env, as revealed by electron microscopy (EM), X-ray crystallography, and epitope mapping. A set of rabbit NAbs was isolated from rabbits immunized with a soluble trimer and a 24-meric ferritin NP presenting 8 trimers. Neutralization assays against BG505.T332N variants confirmed that potent rabbit NAbs targeted previously described glycan holes on BG505 Env and accounted for a significant portion of the autologous NAb response in both the trimer and ferritin NP groups. Last, we examined NAb responses that were induced by non-BG505 Env immunogens. We determined a 3.4-Å-resolution crystal structure for the clade C transmitted/founder (T/F) Du172.17 Env with a redesigned heptad repeat 1 (HR1) bend in gp41. This clade C Env, in a soluble trimer form and in a multivalent form with 8 trimers attached to ferritin NP, and the gp41-stabilized clade A Q482-d12 Env trimer elicited distinct NAb responses in rabbits, with notable differences in neutralization breadth. Although eliciting a broad NAb response remains a major challenge, our study provides valuable information on an HIV-1 vaccine design strategy that combines gp41 stabilization and NP display. IMPORTANCE Self-assembling protein nanoparticles (NPs) presenting BG505 envelope (Env) trimers can elicit tier 2 HIV-1-neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses more effectively than soluble trimers. In the present study, monoclonal NAbs were isolated from previously immunized mice and rabbits for structural and functional analyses, which revealed that potent mouse NAbs recognize the C3/V4 region and small NP-elicited rabbit NAbs primarily target known glycan holes on BG505 Env. This study validates the gp41 stabilization strategy for HIV-1 Env vaccine design and highlights the challenge in eliciting a broad NAb response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Kumar
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Xiaohe Lin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Timothy Ngo
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Shapero
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cindy Sou
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Joel D. Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Linling He
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peterhoff D, Thalhauser S, Sobczak JM, Mohsen MO, Voigt C, Seifert N, Neckermann P, Hauser A, Ding S, Sattentau Q, Bachmann MF, Breunig M, Wagner R. Augmenting the Immune Response against a Stabilized HIV-1 Clade C Envelope Trimer by Silica Nanoparticle Delivery. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:642. [PMID: 34208059 PMCID: PMC8230641 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The delivery of HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer-based immunogens on the surface of nanoparticles holds promise to promote immunogenicity with the aim of inducing a potent, durable and broad neutralizing antibody (bnAb) response. Towards that goal, we examined the covalent conjugation of Env to 100 nm and 200 nm silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) to optimize conjugation density and attachment stability. Env was redesigned to enable site-specific cysteine-mediated covalent conjugation while maintaining its structural integrity and antigenicity. Env was anchored to different sized SiNPs with a calculated spacing of 15 nm between adjacent trimers. Both particle sizes exhibited high in vitro stability over a seven-day period. After attachment, 100 nm particles showed better colloidal stability compared to 200 nm particles. Importantly, the antigenic profile of Env was not impaired by surface attachment, indicating that the quaternary structure was maintained. In vitro Env uptake by dendritic cells was significantly enhanced when Env was delivered on the surface of nanoparticles compared to soluble Env. Furthermore, multivalent Env displayed efficiently activated B cells even at Env concentrations in the low nanomolar range. In mice, antibody responses to nanoparticle-coupled Env were stronger compared to the free protein and had equivalent effects at lower doses and without adjuvant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Peterhoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.V.); (N.S.); (P.N.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Thalhauser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Jan M. Sobczak
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (J.M.S.); (M.O.M.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of Immunology RI, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mona O. Mohsen
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (J.M.S.); (M.O.M.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of Immunology RI, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Voigt
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.V.); (N.S.); (P.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Nicole Seifert
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.V.); (N.S.); (P.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Patrick Neckermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.V.); (N.S.); (P.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Alexandra Hauser
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.V.); (N.S.); (P.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Song Ding
- EuroVacc Foundation, 1002 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Quentin Sattentau
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK;
| | - Martin F. Bachmann
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (J.M.S.); (M.O.M.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of Immunology RI, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Miriam Breunig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.V.); (N.S.); (P.N.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bruxelle JF, Kirilenko T, Trattnig N, Yang Y, Cattin M, Kosma P, Pantophlet R. A glycoside analog of mammalian oligomannose formulated with a TLR4-stimulating adjuvant elicits HIV-1 cross-reactive antibodies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4637. [PMID: 33633304 PMCID: PMC7907241 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84116-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of oligomannose-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) has spurred efforts to develop immunogens that can elicit similar antibodies. Here, we report on the antigenicity and immunogenicity of a CRM197-conjugate of a previously reported oligomannose mimetic. Oligomannose-specific bnAbs that are less dependent on interactions with the HIV envelope protein sequence showed strong binding to the glycoconjugates, with affinities approximating those reported for their cognate epitope. The glycoconjugate is also recognized by inferred germline precursors of oligomannose-specific bnAbs, albeit with the expected low avidity, supporting its potential as an immunogen. Immunization of human-antibody transgenic mice revealed that only a TLR4-stimulating adjuvant formulation resulted in antibodies able to bind a panel of recombinant HIV trimers. These antibodies bound at relatively modest levels, possibly explaining their inability to neutralize HIV infectivity. Nevertheless, these findings contribute further to understanding conditions for eliciting HIV-cross-reactive oligomannose-specific antibodies and inform on next steps for improving on the elicited response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bruxelle
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Canada
| | - Tess Kirilenko
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Canada ,grid.479077.aPresent Address: AbCellera Biologics Inc., Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Nino Trattnig
- grid.5173.00000 0001 2298 5320Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria ,grid.5477.10000000120346234Present Address: Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yiqiu Yang
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Canada
| | - Matteo Cattin
- grid.5173.00000 0001 2298 5320Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Kosma
- grid.5173.00000 0001 2298 5320Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralph Pantophlet
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Canada ,grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jazie AA, Albaaji AJ, Abed SA. A review on recent trends of antiviral nanoparticles and airborne filters: special insight on COVID-19 virus. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2021; 14:1811-1824. [PMID: 34178182 PMCID: PMC8211456 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-021-01055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic in the last 4 months stimulates the international scientific community to search for vaccine of antiviral agents suitable for in activating the virus inside and outside the human body. More than 4 million people globally are infected by the virus and about 300,000 dead cases until this moment. The ventilation and airborne filters are also investigated aiming to develop an efficient antiviral filtration technology. Human secretion of the infected person as nasal or saliva droplets goes as airborne and distributes the virus everywhere around the person. N95 and N98 filters are the must use filters for capturing particles of sizes around 300 nm. The average size of the novel corona virus (COVID-19) is 100 nm and there is no standard or special filter suitable for this virus. The nanoparticle-coated airborne filter is a suitable technique in this regard. While the efficiency of this type of filters still needs to be enhanced, new developed nanofiber filters are proposed. Most recently, the charged nanofiber filters of sizes below 100 nm are developed and provide an efficient viral filtration and inactivation. The efficiency of filter must be kept at accepted level without increasing the pressure drop. The present review outlines the most efficient antiviral nanoparticles including the recent functional nanoparticles. The filtration theory, filtration modeling, filter testing, and different types of filter with special concentration on the charged nanofiber filter were discussed. The charged nanofiber filter able to capture novel corona virus (COVID-19) with 94% efficiency and a pressure drop less than 20 MPa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Jazie
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Amar J. Albaaji
- Materials Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Suhad A. Abed
- Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Suleiman E, Mayer J, Lehner E, Kohlhauser B, Katholnig A, Batzoni M, Damm D, Temchura V, Wagner A, Überla K, Vorauer-Uhl K. Conjugation of Native-Like HIV-1 Envelope Trimers onto Liposomes Using EDC/Sulfo-NHS Chemistry: Requirements and Limitations. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E979. [PMID: 33081278 PMCID: PMC7589475 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The display of native-like human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope (HIV-1 Env) trimers on liposomes has gained wide attention over the last few years. Currently, available methods have enabled the preparation of Env-liposome conjugates of unprecedented quality. However, these protocols require the Env trimer to be tagged and/or to carry a specific functional group. For this reason, we have investigated N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide/N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide (EDC/Sulfo-NHS) chemistry for its potential to covalently conjugate tag-free, non-functionalized native-like Env trimers onto the surface of carboxyl-functionalized liposomes. The preservation of the liposome's physical integrity and the immunogen's conformation required a fine-tuned two-step approach based on the controlled use of β-mercaptoethanol. The display of Env trimers was strictly limited to activated liposomes of positive charge, i.e., liposomes with a positive zeta potential that carry amine-reactive Sulfo-NHS esters on their surface. In agreement with that, conjugation was found to be highly ionic strength- and pH-dependent. Overall, we have identified electrostatic pre-concentration (i.e., close proximity between negatively charged Env trimers and positively charged liposomes established through electrostatic attraction) to be crucial for conjugation reactions to proceed. The present study highlights the requirements and limitations of potentially scalable EDC/Sulfo-NHS-based approaches and represents a solid basis for further research into the controlled conjugation of tag-free, non-functionalized native-like Env trimers on the surface of liposomes, and other nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Suleiman
- Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria;
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (J.M.); (E.L.); (B.K.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (K.V.-U.)
| | - Julia Mayer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (J.M.); (E.L.); (B.K.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (K.V.-U.)
| | - Elisabeth Lehner
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (J.M.); (E.L.); (B.K.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (K.V.-U.)
| | - Bianca Kohlhauser
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (J.M.); (E.L.); (B.K.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (K.V.-U.)
- University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Katholnig
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (J.M.); (E.L.); (B.K.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (K.V.-U.)
| | - Mirjam Batzoni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (J.M.); (E.L.); (B.K.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (K.V.-U.)
- FH Campus Wien, University of Applied Sciences, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Damm
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (D.D.); (V.T.); (K.Ü.)
| | - Vladimir Temchura
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (D.D.); (V.T.); (K.Ü.)
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria;
| | - Klaus Überla
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (D.D.); (V.T.); (K.Ü.)
| | - Karola Vorauer-Uhl
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (J.M.); (E.L.); (B.K.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (K.V.-U.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
In this review, we address issues that relate to the rapid "Warp Speed" development of vaccines to counter the COVID-19 pandemic. We review the antibody response that is triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of humans and how it may inform vaccine research. The isolation and properties of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies from COVID-19 patients provide additional information on what vaccines should try to elicit. The nature and longevity of the antibody response to coronaviruses are relevant to the potency and duration of vaccine-induced immunity. We summarize the immunogenicity of leading vaccine candidates tested to date in animals and humans and discuss the outcome and interpretation of virus challenge experiments in animals. By far the most immunogenic vaccine candidates for antibody responses are recombinant proteins, which were not included in the initial wave of Warp Speed immunogens. A substantial concern for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is adverse events, which we review by considering what was seen in studies of SARS-CoV-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) vaccines. We conclude by outlining the possible outcomes of the Warp Speed vaccine program, which range from the hoped-for rapid success to a catastrophic adverse influence on vaccine uptake generally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - P J Klasse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Antanasijevic A, Ueda G, Brouwer PJM, Copps J, Huang D, Allen JD, Cottrell CA, Yasmeen A, Sewall LM, Bontjer I, Ketas TJ, Turner HL, Berndsen ZT, Montefiori DC, Klasse PJ, Crispin M, Nemazee D, Moore JP, Sanders RW, King NP, Baker D, Ward AB. Structural and functional evaluation of de novo-designed, two-component nanoparticle carriers for HIV Env trimer immunogens. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008665. [PMID: 32780770 PMCID: PMC7418955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-component, self-assembling nanoparticles represent a versatile platform for multivalent presentation of viral antigens. Computational design of protein nanoparticles with differing sizes and geometries enables combination with antigens of choice to test novel multimerization concepts in immunization strategies where the goal is to improve the induction and maturation of neutralizing antibody lineages. Here, we describe detailed antigenic, structural, and functional characterization of computationally designed tetrahedral, octahedral, and icosahedral nanoparticle immunogens displaying trimeric HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env) ectodomains. Env trimers, based on subtype A (BG505) or consensus group M (ConM) sequences and engineered with SOSIP stabilizing mutations, were fused to an underlying trimeric building block of each nanoparticle. Initial screening yielded one icosahedral and two tetrahedral nanoparticle candidates, capable of presenting twenty or four copies of the Env trimer. A number of analyses, including detailed structural characterization by cryo-EM, demonstrated that the nanoparticle immunogens possessed the intended structural and antigenic properties. When the immunogenicity of ConM-SOSIP trimers presented on a two-component tetrahedral nanoparticle or as soluble proteins were compared in rabbits, the two immunogens elicited similar serum antibody binding titers against the trimer component. Neutralizing antibody titers were slightly elevated in the animals given the nanoparticle immunogen and were initially more focused to the trimer apex. Altogether, our findings indicate that tetrahedral nanoparticles can be successfully applied for presentation of HIV Env trimer immunogens; however, the optimal implementation to different immunization strategies remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Antanasijevic
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - George Ueda
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Deli Huang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Joel D. Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Cottrell
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Anila Yasmeen
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Leigh M. Sewall
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ilja Bontjer
- Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Ketas
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Hannah L. Turner
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Zachary T. Berndsen
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Per Johan Klasse
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David Nemazee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - John P. Moore
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rogier W. Sanders
- Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Neil P. King
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David Baker
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cottrell CA, van Schooten J, Bowman CA, Yuan M, Oyen D, Shin M, Morpurgo R, van der Woude P, van Breemen M, Torres JL, Patel R, Gross J, Sewall LM, Copps J, Ozorowski G, Nogal B, Sok D, Rakasz EG, Labranche C, Vigdorovich V, Christley S, Carnathan DG, Sather DN, Montefiori D, Silvestri G, Burton DR, Moore JP, Wilson IA, Sanders RW, Ward AB, van Gils MJ. Mapping the immunogenic landscape of near-native HIV-1 envelope trimers in non-human primates. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008753. [PMID: 32866207 PMCID: PMC7485981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of broad and potent immunity by vaccines is the key focus of research efforts aimed at protecting against HIV-1 infection. Soluble native-like HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins have shown promise as vaccine candidates as they can induce potent autologous neutralizing responses in rabbits and non-human primates. In this study, monoclonal antibodies were isolated and characterized from rhesus macaques immunized with the BG505 SOSIP.664 trimer to better understand vaccine-induced antibody responses. Our studies reveal a diverse landscape of antibodies recognizing immunodominant strain-specific epitopes and non-neutralizing neo-epitopes. Additionally, we isolated a subset of mAbs against an epitope cluster at the gp120-gp41 interface that recognize the highly conserved fusion peptide and the glycan at position 88 and have characteristics akin to several human-derived broadly neutralizing antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Cottrell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
| | - Jelle van Schooten
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles A. Bowman
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - David Oyen
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Mia Shin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Robert Morpurgo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia van der Woude
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle van Breemen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan L. Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Raj Patel
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Justin Gross
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Leigh M. Sewall
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
| | - Bartek Nogal
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
| | - Devin Sok
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Eva G. Rakasz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Celia Labranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Vigdorovich
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Scott Christley
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Diane G. Carnathan
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - D. Noah Sather
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John P. Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Rogier W. Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, California, United States of America
| | - Marit J. van Gils
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Klasse PJ, Ozorowski G, Sanders RW, Moore JP. Env Exceptionalism: Why Are HIV-1 Env Glycoproteins Atypical Immunogens? Cell Host Microbe 2020; 27:507-518. [PMID: 32272076 PMCID: PMC7187920 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoproteins of ever-increasing sophistication have been evaluated as vaccine candidates for over 30 years. Structurally defined mimics of native trimeric Env glycoproteins (e.g., SOSIP trimers) present multiple epitopes for broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) and their germline precursors, but elicitation of bNAbs remains elusive. Here, we argue that the interactions between Env and the immune system render it exceptional among viral vaccine antigens and hinder its immunogenicity in absolute and comparative terms. In other words, Env binds to CD4 on key immune cells and transduces signals that can compromise their function. Moreover, the extensive array of oligomannose glycans on Env shields peptidic B cell epitopes, impedes the presentation of T helper cell epitopes, and attracts mannose binding proteins, which could affect the antibody response. We suggest lines of research for assessing how to overcome obstacles that the exceptional features of Env impose on the creation of a successful HIV-1 vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Klasse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Consortium for HIV Vaccine Development, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John P Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ueda G, Antanasijevic A, Fallas JA, Sheffler W, Copps J, Ellis D, Hutchinson GB, Moyer A, Yasmeen A, Tsybovsky Y, Park YJ, Bick MJ, Sankaran B, Gillespie RA, Brouwer PJM, Zwart PH, Veesler D, Kanekiyo M, Graham BS, Sanders RW, Moore JP, Klasse PJ, Ward AB, King NP, Baker D. Tailored design of protein nanoparticle scaffolds for multivalent presentation of viral glycoprotein antigens. eLife 2020; 9:57659. [PMID: 32748788 PMCID: PMC7402677 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multivalent presentation of viral glycoproteins can substantially increase the elicitation of antigen-specific antibodies. To enable a new generation of anti-viral vaccines, we designed self-assembling protein nanoparticles with geometries tailored to present the ectodomains of influenza, HIV, and RSV viral glycoprotein trimers. We first de novo designed trimers tailored for antigen fusion, featuring N-terminal helices positioned to match the C termini of the viral glycoproteins. Trimers that experimentally adopted their designed configurations were incorporated as components of tetrahedral, octahedral, and icosahedral nanoparticles, which were characterized by cryo-electron microscopy and assessed for their ability to present viral glycoproteins. Electron microscopy and antibody binding experiments demonstrated that the designed nanoparticles presented antigenically intact prefusion HIV-1 Env, influenza hemagglutinin, and RSV F trimers in the predicted geometries. This work demonstrates that antigen-displaying protein nanoparticles can be designed from scratch, and provides a systematic way to investigate the influence of antigen presentation geometry on the immune response to vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Aleksandar Antanasijevic
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States,International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Jorge A Fallas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - William Sheffler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States,International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Daniel Ellis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Geoffrey B Hutchinson
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Adam Moyer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Anila Yasmeen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer InstituteFrederickUnited States
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Matthew J Bick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley LaboratoryBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Rebecca A Gillespie
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Philip JM Brouwer
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Peter H Zwart
- Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley LaboratoryBerkeleyUnited States,Center for Advanced Mathematics in Energy Research Applications, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley LaboratoryBerkeleyUnited States
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell UniversityNew YorkUnited States,Amsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - John P Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Per Johan Klasse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States,International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) and Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Institute for Protein Design, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| |
Collapse
|