1
|
Brouiller F, Nadalin F, Bonté PE, Ait-Mohamed O, Delaugerre C, Lelièvre JD, Ginhoux F, Ruffin N, Benaroch P. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals dual sensing of HIV-1 in blood Axl + dendritic cells. iScience 2023; 26:106019. [PMID: 36866043 PMCID: PMC9971904 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensing of incoming viruses is a pivotal task of dendritic cells (DCs). Human primary blood DCs encompass various subsets that are diverse in their susceptibility and response to HIV-1. The recent identification of the blood Axl+DC subset, endowed with unique capacities to bind, replicate, and transmit HIV-1 prompted us to evaluate its anti-viral response. We demonstrate that HIV-1 induced two main broad and intense transcriptional programs in different Axl+DCs potentially induced by different sensors; an NF-κB-mediated program that led to DC maturation and efficient CD4+ T cell activation, and a program mediated by STAT1/2 that activated type I IFN and ISG responses. These responses were absent from cDC2 exposed to HIV-1 except when viral replication was allowed. Finally, Axl+DCs actively replicating HIV-1 identified by quantification of viral transcripts exhibited a mixed NF-κB/ISG innate response. Our results suggest that the route of HIV-1 entry may dictate different innate sensing pathways by DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Brouiller
- Institut Curie, PSL∗ Research University, INSERM U 932, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Francesca Nadalin
- Institut Curie, PSL∗ Research University, INSERM U 932, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Constance Delaugerre
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France,INSERM U944, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lelièvre
- Vaccine Research Institute, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche médicale (INSERM), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital H. Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building, Level 4, Singapore 138648, Singapore,Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Nicolas Ruffin
- Institut Curie, PSL∗ Research University, INSERM U 932, 75005 Paris, France,Corresponding author
| | - Philippe Benaroch
- Institut Curie, PSL∗ Research University, INSERM U 932, 75005 Paris, France,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li S, Moog C, Zhang T, Su B. HIV reservoir: antiviral immune responses and immune interventions for curing HIV infection. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2667-2676. [PMID: 36719355 PMCID: PMC9943973 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Antiretroviral therapy against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is effective in controlling viral replication but cannot completely eliminate HIV due to the persistence of the HIV reservoir. Innate and adaptive immune responses have been proposed to contribute to preventing HIV acquisition, controlling HIV replication and eliminating HIV-infected cells. However, the immune responses naturally induced in HIV-infected individuals rarely eradicate HIV infection, which may be caused by immune escape, an inadequate magnitude and breadth of immune responses, and immune exhaustion. Optimizing these immune responses may solve the problems of epitope escape and insufficient sustained memory responses. Moreover, immune interventions aimed at improving host immune response can reduce HIV reservoirs, which have become one focus in the development of innovative strategies to eliminate HIV reservoirs. In this review, we focus on the immune response against HIV and how antiviral immune responses affect HIV reservoirs. We also discuss the development of innovative strategies aiming to eliminate HIV reservoirs and promoting functional cure of HIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Christiane Moog
- Laboratoire d’ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Tong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Bin Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang W, Li Y, Zhang Z, Wei W. Human immunodeficiency virus-1 core: The Trojan horse in virus–host interaction. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1002476. [PMID: 36106078 PMCID: PMC9465167 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1002476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is the major cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs) worldwide. In HIV-1 infection, innate immunity is the first defensive line for immune recognition and viral clearance to ensure the normal biological function of the host cell and body health. Under the strong selected pressure generated by the human body over thousands of years, HIV has evolved strategies to counteract and deceive the innate immune system into completing its lifecycle. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that HIV capsid core which is thought to be a protector of the cone structure of genomic RNA, also plays an essential role in escaping innate immunity surveillance. This mini-review summarizes the function of capsid in viral immune evasion, and the comprehensive elucidation of capsid-host cell innate immunity interaction could promote our understanding of HIV-1’s pathogenic mechanism and provide insights for HIV-1 treatment in clinical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wei,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Espinar-Buitrago M, Muñoz-Fernández MA. New Approaches to Dendritic Cell-Based Therapeutic Vaccines Against HIV-1 Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 12:719664. [PMID: 35058917 PMCID: PMC8763680 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.719664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the success of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in recent years, the pathological outcome of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection has improved substantially, achieving undetectable viral loads in most cases. Nevertheless, the presence of a viral reservoir formed by latently infected cells results in patients having to maintain treatment for life. In the absence of effective eradication strategies against HIV-1, research efforts are focused on obtaining a cure. One of these approaches is the creation of therapeutic vaccines. In this sense, the most promising one up to now is based on the establishing of the immunological synapse between dendritic cells (DCs) and T lymphocytes (TL). DCs are one of the first cells of the immune system to encounter HIV-1 by acting as antigen presenting cells, bringing about the interaction between innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by TL. Furthermore, TL are the end effector, and their response capacity is essential in the adaptive elimination of cells infected by pathogens. In this review, we summarize the knowledge of the interaction between DCs with TL, as well as the characterization of the specific T-cell response against HIV-1 infection. The use of nanotechnology in the design and improvement of vaccines based on DCs has been researched and presented here with a special emphasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisierra Espinar-Buitrago
- Section Head Immunology, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Angeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Section Head Immunology, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Human Immunodeficiency Virus- Hospital Gregorio Marañón (HIV-HGM) BioBank, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schiff AE, Linder AH, Luhembo SN, Banning S, Deymier MJ, Diefenbach TJ, Dickey AK, Tsibris AM, Balazs AB, Cho JL, Medoff BD, Walzl G, Wilkinson RJ, Burgers WA, Corleis B, Kwon DS. T cell-tropic HIV efficiently infects alveolar macrophages through contact with infected CD4+ T cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3890. [PMID: 33594125 PMCID: PMC7886866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are critical for defense against airborne pathogens and AM dysfunction is thought to contribute to the increased burden of pulmonary infections observed in individuals living with HIV-1 (HIV). While HIV nucleic acids have been detected in AMs early in infection, circulating HIV during acute and chronic infection is usually CCR5 T cell-tropic (T-tropic) and enters macrophages inefficiently in vitro. The mechanism by which T-tropic viruses infect AMs remains unknown. We collected AMs by bronchoscopy performed in HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive and uninfected subjects. We found that viral constructs made with primary HIV envelope sequences isolated from both AMs and plasma were T-tropic and inefficiently infected macrophages. However, these isolates productively infected macrophages when co-cultured with HIV-infected CD4+ T cells. In addition, we provide evidence that T-tropic HIV is transmitted from infected CD4+ T cells to the AM cytosol. We conclude that AM-derived HIV isolates are T-tropic and can enter macrophages through contact with an infected CD4+ T cell, which results in productive infection of AMs. CD4+ T cell-dependent entry of HIV into AMs helps explain the presence of HIV in AMs despite inefficient cell-free infection, and may contribute to AM dysfunction in people living with HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Schiff
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice H Linder
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shillah N Luhembo
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Banning
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin J Deymier
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J Diefenbach
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy K Dickey
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Athe M Tsibris
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro B Balazs
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Josalyn L Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin D Medoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST-NRF Center of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robert J Wilkinson
- Wellcome Center for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Republic of South Africa
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 AT, UK
| | - Wendy A Burgers
- Wellcome Center for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Republic of South Africa
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - Björn Corleis
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Isle of Riems, Germany.
| | - Douglas S Kwon
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Posch W, Bermejo-Jambrina M, Lass-Flörl C, Wilflingseder D. Role of Complement Receptors (CRs) on DCs in Anti-HIV-1 Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:572114. [PMID: 33224139 PMCID: PMC7670068 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.572114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon entry of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) into the host, innate immune mechanisms are acting as a first line of defense, that considerably also modify adaptive immunity by the provision of specific signals. Innate and adaptive immune responses are intimately linked and dendritic cells (DCs) together with complement (C) play an important role in regulation of adaptive immunity. Initially, the role of complement was considered to primarily support – or COMPLEMENT - cytolytic actions of antibodies or antibody-complexed antigens (immune complexes, ICs) or directly kill the pathogens by complement-mediated lysis. Recently, the role of complement was revised and found to significantly augmenting and modulating adaptive immunity, in particular against viruses. Complement and DCs are therefore predestined to open novel avenues for antiviral research and potential therapeutic interventions. Recent studies on interactions of complement-opsonized HIV-1 with DCs demonstrated a high potential of such primed DCs to initiate efficient antiviral and cytotoxic anti-HIV-1 immunity and complement-coated viral particles shift DCs functions via CR3 and CR4 in an antithetic manner. This review will focus on our current knowledge of CR3 and CR4 actions on DCs during HIV-1 binding and the outcome of infection influenced by entry and signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Posch
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marta Bermejo-Jambrina
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Lass-Flörl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Doris Wilflingseder
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abrahem R, Chiang E, Haquang J, Nham A, Ting YS, Venketaraman V. The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082661. [PMID: 32824563 PMCID: PMC7465216 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells are the principal antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the host defense mechanism. An altered dendritic cell response increases the risk of susceptibility of infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the survival of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The altered response of dendritic cells leads to decreased activity of T-helper-1 (Th1), Th2, Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Th17 cells in tuberculosis (TB) infections due to a diminishment of cytokine release from these APCs, while HIV infection leads to DC maturation, allowing DCs to migrate to lymph nodes and the sub-mucosa where they then transfer HIV to CD4 T cells, although there is controversy around this topic. Increases in the levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) plays a critical role in maintaining dendritic cell redox homeostasis, leading to an adequate immune response with sufficient cytokine release and a subsequent robust immune response. Thus, an understanding of the intricate pathways involved in the dendritic cell response are needed to prevent co-infections and co-morbidities in individuals with TB and HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Abrahem
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (R.A.); (E.C.); (J.H.); (A.N.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - Emerald Chiang
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (R.A.); (E.C.); (J.H.); (A.N.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - Joseph Haquang
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (R.A.); (E.C.); (J.H.); (A.N.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - Amy Nham
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (R.A.); (E.C.); (J.H.); (A.N.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - Yu-Sam Ting
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (R.A.); (E.C.); (J.H.); (A.N.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (R.A.); (E.C.); (J.H.); (A.N.); (Y.-S.T.)
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-909-706-3736; Fax: +1-909-469-5698
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
SAMHD1 Functions and Human Diseases. Viruses 2020; 12:v12040382. [PMID: 32244340 PMCID: PMC7232136 DOI: 10.3390/v12040382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) molecules are essential for the replication and maintenance of genomic information in both cells and a variety of viral pathogens. While the process of dNTP biosynthesis by cellular enzymes, such as ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and thymidine kinase (TK), has been extensively investigated, a negative regulatory mechanism of dNTP pools was recently found to involve sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain and histidine-aspartate (HD) domain-containing protein 1, SAMHD1. When active, dNTP triphosphohydrolase activity of SAMHD1 degrades dNTPs into their 2'-deoxynucleoside (dN) and triphosphate subparts, steadily depleting intercellular dNTP pools. The differential expression levels and activation states of SAMHD1 in various cell types contributes to unique dNTP pools that either aid (i.e., dividing T cells) or restrict (i.e., nondividing macrophages) viral replication that consumes cellular dNTPs. Genetic mutations in SAMHD1 induce a rare inflammatory encephalopathy called Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), which phenotypically resembles viral infection. Recent publications have identified diverse roles for SAMHD1 in double-stranded break repair, genome stability, and the replication stress response through interferon signaling. Finally, a series of SAMHD1 mutations were also reported in various cancer cell types while why SAMHD1 is mutated in these cancer cells remains to investigated. Here, we reviewed a series of studies that have begun illuminating the highly diverse roles of SAMHD1 in virology, immunology, and cancer biology.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bertram KM, Tong O, Royle C, Turville SG, Nasr N, Cunningham AL, Harman AN. Manipulation of Mononuclear Phagocytes by HIV: Implications for Early Transmission Events. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2263. [PMID: 31616434 PMCID: PMC6768965 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mononuclear phagocytes are antigen presenting cells that play a key role in linking the innate and adaptive immune systems. In tissue, these consist of Langerhans cells, dendritic cells and macrophages, all of which express the key HIV entry receptors CD4 and CCR5 making them directly infectible with HIV. Mononuclear phagocytes are the first cells of the immune system to interact with invading pathogens such as HIV. Each cell type expresses a specific repertoire of pathogen binding receptors which triggers pathogen uptake and the release of innate immune cytokines. Langerhans cells and dendritic cells migrate to lymph nodes and present antigens to CD4 T cells, whereas macrophages remain tissue resident. Here we review how HIV-1 manipulates these cells by blocking their ability to produce innate immune cytokines and taking advantage of their antigen presenting cell function in order to gain transport to its primary target cells, CD4 T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie Melissa Bertram
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Center for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Orion Tong
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Center for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Caroline Royle
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Center for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart Grant Turville
- HIV Biology, Kirby Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,The University of New South Whales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Najla Nasr
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Center for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Lawrence Cunningham
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Center for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Nicholas Harman
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Center for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Majer C, Schüssler JM, König R. Intertwined: SAMHD1 cellular functions, restriction, and viral evasion strategies. Med Microbiol Immunol 2019; 208:513-529. [PMID: 30879196 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SAMHD1 was initially described for its ability to efficiently restrict HIV-1 replication in myeloid cells and resting CD4+ T cells. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that SAMHD1-mediated restriction is by far not limited to lentiviruses, but seems to be a general concept that applies to most retroviruses and at least a number of DNA viruses. SAMHD1 anti-viral activity was long believed to be solely due to its ability to deplete cellular dNTPs by enzymatic degradation. However, since its discovery, several new functions have been attributed to SAMHD1. It has been demonstrated to bind nucleic acids, to modulate innate immunity, as well as to participate in the DNA damage response and resolution of stalled replication forks. Consequently, it is likely that SAMHD1-mediated anti-viral activity is not or not exclusively mediated through its dNTPase activity. Therefore, in this review, we summarize current knowledge on SAMHD1 cellular functions and systematically discuss how these functions could contribute to the restriction of a broad range of viruses besides retroviruses: herpesviruses, poxviruses and hepatitis B virus. Furthermore, we aim to highlight different ways how viruses counteract SAMHD1-mediated restriction to bypass the SAMHD1-mediated block to viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Majer
- Host-Pathogen Interactions, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, 63225, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Renate König
- Host-Pathogen Interactions, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, 63225, Langen, Germany. .,Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 63225, Langen, Germany. .,Host-Pathogen Interactions, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, 63225, Langen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen S, Bonifati S, Qin Z, St Gelais C, Wu L. SAMHD1 Suppression of Antiviral Immune Responses. Trends Microbiol 2018; 27:254-267. [PMID: 30336972 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SAMHD1 is a host triphosphohydrolase that degrades intracellular deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) to a lower level that restricts viral DNA synthesis, and thus prevents replication of diverse viruses in nondividing cells. Recent progress indicates that SAMHD1 negatively regulates antiviral innate immune responses and inflammation through interacting with various key proteins in immune signaling and DNA damage-repair pathways. SAMHD1 can also modulate antibody production in adaptive immune responses. In this review, we summarize how SAMHD1 regulates antiviral immune responses through distinct mechanisms, and discuss the implications of these new functions of SAMHD1. Furthermore, we propose important new questions and future directions that can advance functional and mechanistic studies of SAMHD1-mediated immune regulation during viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Serena Bonifati
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhihua Qin
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Corine St Gelais
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Li Wu
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
HIV transmission from infected CD4+ T cells to allogenic T and dendritic cells is inhibited by broadly neutralizing antibodies. AIDS 2018; 32:1239-1245. [PMID: 29683853 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the semen, both free virus and infected cells are able to establish HIV infection during sexual intercourse. An efficient vaccine should therefore inhibit both infectious states. The aim of this study was to analyze the capacity of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to inhibit HIV transmission by the infected cells. DESIGN/METHODS We developed an in-vitro model aiming to mimic mucosal HIV transmission via infected cells. PHA-activated CD4+ T cells stained with PKH26 from donor A were infected and co-cultured with CD4+ T cells and dendritic cells from donor B in the presence of bNAbs. RESULTS We showed that dendritic cells were the preferential HIV target cells at early time points in this co-culture model. In the context of this co-culture model where infection and transmission occurred simultaneously, bNAbs efficiently inhibited HIV replication as well as HIV transmission from infected cells to allogenic dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSION Overall, our results indicate that dendritic cells, in addition to CD4+ T cells, are key cells that are efficiently infected by HIV and bNAbs are potent inhibitors of infection of both target cells. Future HIV prophylactic vaccine design should develop immune strategies able to prevent the infection of dendritic cells, in addition to the inhibition of CD4+ T-cell infection.
Collapse
|
13
|
SAMHD1 Phosphorylation Coordinates the Anti-HIV-1 Response by Diverse Interferons and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition. mBio 2018; 9:mBio.00819-18. [PMID: 29764952 PMCID: PMC5954222 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00819-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection despite abundant expression of antiviral proteins. Perhaps the most important antiviral protein is the restriction factor sterile alpha motif domain and histidine/aspartic acid domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1). We investigated the role of SAMHD1 and its phospho-dependent regulation in the context of HIV-1 infection in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages and the ability of various interferons (IFNs) and pharmacologic agents to modulate SAMHD1. Here we show that stimulation by type I, type II, and to a lesser degree, type III interferons share activation of SAMHD1 via dephosphorylation at threonine-592 as a consequence of signaling. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), a known effector kinase for SAMHD1, was downregulated at the protein level by all IFN types tested. Pharmacologic inhibition or small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of CDK1 phenocopied the effects of IFN on SAMHD1. A panel of FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors potently induced activation of SAMHD1 and subsequent HIV-1 inhibition. The viral restriction imposed via IFNs or dasatinib could be overcome through depletion of SAMHD1, indicating that their effects are exerted primarily through this pathway. Our results demonstrate that SAMHD1 activation, but not transcriptional upregulation or protein induction, is the predominant mechanism of HIV-1 restriction induced by type I, type II, and type III IFN signaling in macrophages. Furthermore, SAMHD1 activation presents a pharmacologically actionable target through which HIV-1 infection can be subverted. Our experimental results demonstrate that SAMHD1 dephosphorylation at threonine-592 represents a central mechanism of HIV-1 restriction that is common to the three known families of IFNs. While IFN types I and II were potent inhibitors of HIV-1, type III IFN showed modest to undetectable activity. Regulation of SAMHD1 by IFNs involved changes in phosphorylation status but not in protein levels. Phosphorylation of SAMHD1 in macrophages occurred at least in part via CDK1. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors similarly induced SAMHD1 dephosphorylation, which protects macrophages from HIV-1 in a SAMHD1-dependent manner. SAMHD1 is a critical restriction factor regulating HIV-1 infection of macrophages.
Collapse
|
14
|
García M, Buzón MJ, Benito JM, Rallón N. Peering into the HIV reservoir. Rev Med Virol 2018; 28:e1981. [PMID: 29744964 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The main obstacle to HIV eradication is the establishment of a long-term persistent HIV reservoir. Although several therapeutic approaches have been developed to reduce and eventually eliminate the HIV reservoir, only a few have achieved promising results. A better knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the establishment and maintenance of HIV reservoir is of utmost relevance for the design of new therapeutic strategies aimed at purging it with the ultimate goal of achieving HIV eradication or alternatively a functional cure. In this regard, it is also important to take a close look into the cellular HIV reservoirs other than resting memory CD4 T-cells with key roles in reservoir maintenance that have been recently described. Unraveling the special characteristics of these HIV cellular compartments could aid us in designing new therapeutic strategies to deplete the latent HIV reservoir.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcial García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | | | - José M Benito
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Norma Rallón
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Antonucci JM, St Gelais C, Wu L. The Dynamic Interplay between HIV-1, SAMHD1, and the Innate Antiviral Response. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1541. [PMID: 29176984 PMCID: PMC5686096 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response constitutes the first cellular line of defense against initial HIV-1 infection. Immune cells sense invading virus and trigger signaling cascades that induce antiviral defenses to control or eliminate infection. Professional antigen-presenting cells located in mucosal tissues, including dendritic cells and macrophages, are critical for recognizing HIV-1 at the site of initial exposure. These cells are less permissive to HIV-1 infection compared to activated CD4+ T-cells, which is mainly due to host restriction factors that serve an immediate role in controlling the establishment or spread of viral infection. However, HIV-1 can exploit innate immune cells and their cellular factors to avoid detection and clearance by the host immune system. Sterile alpha motif and HD-domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is the mammalian deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase responsible for regulating intracellular dNTP pools and restricting the replication of HIV-1 in non-dividing myeloid cells and quiescent CD4+ T-cells. Here, we review and analyze the latest literature on the antiviral function of SAMHD1, including the mechanism of HIV-1 restriction and the ability of SAMHD1 to regulate the innate immune response to viral infection. We also provide an overview of the dynamic interplay between HIV-1, SAMHD1, and the cell-intrinsic antiviral response to elucidate how SAMHD1 modulates HIV-1 infection in non-dividing immune cells. A more complete understanding of SAMHD1’s role in the innate immune response to HIV-1 infection may help develop stratagems to enhance its antiviral effects and to more efficiently block HIV-1 replication and avoid the pathogenic result of viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Antonucci
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Corine St Gelais
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Li Wu
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Robust HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell responses are currently regarded as the main correlate of immune defense in rare individuals who achieve natural, drug-free control of HIV-1; however, the mechanisms that support evolution of such powerful immune responses are not well understood. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized innate immune cells critical for immune recognition, immune regulation, and immune induction, but their possible contribution to HIV-1 immune defense in controllers remains ill-defined. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies suggest that myeloid DCs from controllers have improved abilities to recognize HIV-1 through cytoplasmic immune sensors, resulting in more potent, cell-intrinsic type I interferon secretion in response to viral infection. This innate immune response may facilitate DC-mediated induction of highly potent antiviral HIV-1-specific T cells. Moreover, protective HLA class I isotypes restricting HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells may influence DC function through specific interactions with innate myelomonocytic MHC class I receptors from the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family. Bi-directional interactions between dendritic cells and HIV-1-specific T cells may contribute to natural HIV-1 immune control, highlighting the importance of a fine-tuned interplay between innate and adaptive immune activities for effective antiviral immune defense.
Collapse
|
17
|
Virion-Associated Vpr Alleviates a Postintegration Block to HIV-1 Infection of Dendritic Cells. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.00051-17. [PMID: 28424288 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00051-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral protein R (Vpr) is an HIV-1 accessory protein whose function remains poorly understood. In this report, we sought to determine the requirement of Vpr for facilitating HIV-1 infection of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs), one of the first cell types to encounter virus in the peripheral mucosal tissues. In this report, we characterize a significant restriction of Vpr-deficient virus replication and spread in MDDCs alone and in cell-to-cell spread in MDDC-CD4+ T cell cocultures. This restriction of HIV-1 replication in MDDCs was observed in a single round of virus replication and was rescued by the expression of Vpr in trans in the incoming virion. Interestingly, infections of MDDCs with viruses that encode Vpr mutants unable to interact with either the DCAF1/DDB1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex or a host factor hypothesized to be targeted for degradation by Vpr also displayed a significant replication defect. While the extent of proviral integration in HIV-1-infected MDDCs was unaffected by the absence of Vpr, the transcriptional activity of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) from Vpr-deficient proviruses was significantly reduced. Together, these results characterize a novel postintegration restriction of HIV-1 replication in MDDCs and show that the interaction of Vpr with the DCAF1/DDB1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and the yet-to-be-identified host factor might alleviate this restriction by inducing transcription from the viral LTR. Taken together, these findings identify a robust in vitro cell culture system that is amenable to addressing mechanisms underlying Vpr-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 replication.IMPORTANCE Despite decades of work, the function of the HIV-1 protein Vpr remains poorly understood, primarily due to the lack of an in vitro cell culture system that demonstrates a deficit in replication upon infection with viruses in the absence of Vpr. In this report, we describe a novel cell infection system that utilizes primary human dendritic cells, which display a robust decrease in viral replication upon infection with Vpr-deficient HIV-1. We show that this replication difference occurs in a single round of infection and is due to decreased transcriptional output from the integrated viral genome. Viral transcription could be rescued by virion-associated Vpr. Using mutational analysis, we show that domains of Vpr involved in binding to the DCAF1/DDB1/E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and prevention of cell cycle progression into mitosis are required for LTR-mediated viral expression, suggesting that the evolutionarily conserved G2 cell cycle arrest function of Vpr is essential for HIV-1 replication.
Collapse
|
18
|
Li SX, Barrett BS, Guo K, Santiago ML. Tetherin/BST-2: Restriction Factor or Immunomodulator? Curr HIV Res 2016; 14:235-46. [PMID: 26957198 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x14999160224102752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses are critical for the control of HIV-1 infection and their importance was highlighted by the existence of viral proteins, particularly Vpu and Nef, that antagonize these responses. Pandemic HIV-1 Vpu counteracts Tetherin/BST-2, a host factor that could prevent the release of HIV-1 virions by tethering virions on the cell surface, but a link between Tetherin and HIV-1 CMI responses has not yet been demonstrated in vivo. In vitro, the virological and immunological impact of Tetherin-mediated accumulation of virions ranged from enhanced or diminished cell-to-cell spread to enhanced recognition by virus-specific antibodies for natural killer cellmediated lysis. However, Tetherin-restricted virions could be internalized through an endocytosis motif in the Tetherin cytoplasmic tail. METHODS Given the uncertainties on which in vitro results manifest in vivo and the dearth of knowledge on how Tetherin influences retroviral immunity, in vivo retrovirus infections in mice encoding wild-type, null and endocytosis-defective Tetherin were performed. Here, we review and highlight the results from these in vivo studies. RESULTS Current data suggests that endocytosis-defective Tetherin functions as a potent innate restriction factor. By contrast, endocytosis-competent Tetherin, the form found in most mammals including humans and the form counteracted by HIV-1 Vpu, was linked to stronger CMI responses in mice. CONCLUSION We propose that the main role of endocytosis-competent Tetherin is not to directly restrict retroviral replication, but to promote a more effective CMI response against retroviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mario L Santiago
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop B-168, 12700 E 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cell-Free versus Cell-to-Cell Infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1: Exploring the Link among Viral Source, Viral Trafficking, and Viral Replication. J Virol 2016; 90:7607-17. [PMID: 27334587 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00407-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) are complex retroviruses mainly infecting CD4(+) T lymphocytes. In addition, antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) are targeted in vivo by both viruses, although to a lesser extent. Interaction of HIV-1 with DCs plays a key role in viral dissemination from the mucosa to CD4(+) T lymphocytes present in lymphoid organs. While similar mechanisms may occur for HTLV-1 as well, most HTLV-1 data were obtained from T-cell studies, and little is known regarding the trafficking of this virus in DCs. We first compared the efficiency of cell-free versus cell-associated viral sources of both retroviruses at infecting DCs. We showed that both HIV-1 and HTLV-1 cell-free particles are poorly efficient at productively infecting DCs, except when DC-SIGN has been engaged. Furthermore, while SAMHD-1 accounts for restriction of cell-free HIV-1 infection, it is not involved in HTLV-1 restriction. In addition, cell-free viruses lead mainly to a nonproductive DC infection, leading to trans-infection of T-cells, a process important for HIV-1 spread but not for that of HTLV-1. Finally, we show that T-DC cell-to-cell transfer implies viral trafficking in vesicles that may both increase productive infection of DCs ("cis-infection") and allow viral escape from immune surveillance. Altogether, these observations allowed us to draw a model of HTLV-1 and HIV-1 trafficking in DCs.
Collapse
|
20
|
Coulon PG, Richetta C, Rouers A, Blanchet FP, Urrutia A, Guerbois M, Piguet V, Theodorou I, Bet A, Schwartz O, Tangy F, Graff-Dubois S, Cardinaud S, Moris A. HIV-Infected Dendritic Cells Present Endogenous MHC Class II-Restricted Antigens to HIV-Specific CD4+ T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:517-32. [PMID: 27288536 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It is widely assumed that CD4(+) T cells recognize antigenic peptides (epitopes) derived solely from incoming, exogenous, viral particles or proteins. However, alternative sources of MHC class II (MHC-II)-restricted Ags have been described, in particular epitopes derived from newly synthesized proteins (so-called endogenous). In this study, we show that HIV-infected dendritic cells (DC) present MHC-II-restricted endogenous viral Ags to HIV-specific (HS) CD4(+) T cells. This endogenous pathway functions independently of the exogenous route for HIV Ag presentation and offers a distinct possibility for the immune system to activate HS CD4(+) T cells. We examined the implication of autophagy, which plays a crucial role in endogenous viral Ag presentation and thymic selection of CD4(+) T cells, in HIV endogenous presentation. We show that infected DC do not use autophagy to process MHC-II-restricted HIV Ags. This is unlikely to correspond to a viral escape from autophagic degradation, as infecting DC with Nef- or Env-deficient HIV strains did not impact HS T cell activation. However, we demonstrate that, in DC, specific targeting of HIV Ags to autophagosomes using a microtubule-associated protein L chain 3 (LC3) fusion protein effectively enhances and broadens HS CD4(+) T cell responses, thus favoring an endogenous MHC-II-restricted presentation. In summary, in DC, multiple endogenous presentation pathways lead to the activation of HS CD4(+) T cell responses. These findings will help in designing novel strategies to activate HS CD4(+) T cells that are required for CTL activation/maintenance and B cell maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Grégoire Coulon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Clémence Richetta
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Angéline Rouers
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Fabien P Blanchet
- CNRS, FRE3689, Université de Montpellier, Centre d'Études d'Agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Alejandra Urrutia
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Guerbois
- Unité de Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Piguet
- Department of Dermatology and Wound Healing, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Theodorou
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France; Département d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; and
| | - Anne Bet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Frédéric Tangy
- Unité de Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Graff-Dubois
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Cardinaud
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Moris
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, U1135, CNRS 8255, F-75013 Paris, France; Département d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; and
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Su B, Peressin M, Ducloy C, Penichon J, Mayr LM, Laumond G, Schmidt S, Decoville T, Moog C. Short Communication: Exploring Antibody Potential as Prophylactic/Therapeutic Strategies for Prevention of Early Mucosal HIV-1 Infection. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2015; 31:1187-91. [PMID: 26252799 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2015.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal tissues are the predominant sites for genital HIV-1 transmission. We investigated the mechanisms by which broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) inhibit HIV-1 replication in a coculture model including primary mucosal dendritic cells (DCs), such as Langerhans cells, interstitial dendritic cells, and CD4(+) T lymphocytes. We show that bNAbs efficiently prevent HIV-1 infection by inhibiting HIV-1 transmission to CD4(+) T lymphocytes. This inhibition of cell-to-cell transmission was observed with equal potency as the inhibition of cell-free infection of primary CD4(+) T lymphocytes. In addition, a decrease in HIV-1 replication in DCs and the induction of DC maturation were detected. This additional inhibition was Fc mediated as it was blocked by the use of specific anti-FcγR monoclonal Abs. The DC maturation by bNAbs during HIV transmission may contribute to mucosal protection. Therefore, multiple antibody-mediated inhibitory functions should be combined for the improvement of future preventive/therapeutic strategies to cure HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Su
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Maryse Peressin
- Centre d'investigation clinique/Service de neurologie, INSERM CIC-P1434, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Camille Ducloy
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Penichon
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Luzia M. Mayr
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Géraldine Laumond
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Schmidt
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Decoville
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Christiane Moog
- INSERM UMR S_1109, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Complement-Opsonized HIV-1 Overcomes Restriction in Dendritic Cells. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005005. [PMID: 26121641 PMCID: PMC4485899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DCs express intrinsic cellular defense mechanisms to specifically inhibit HIV-1 replication. Thus, DCs are productively infected only at very low levels with HIV-1, and this non-permissiveness of DCs is suggested to go along with viral evasion. We now illustrate that complement-opsonized HIV-1 (HIV-C) efficiently bypasses SAMHD1 restriction and productively infects DCs including BDCA-1 DCs. Efficient DC infection by HIV-C was also observed using single-cycle HIV-C, and correlated with a remarkable elevated SAMHD1 T592 phosphorylation but not SAMHD1 degradation. If SAMHD1 phosphorylation was blocked using a CDK2-inhibitor HIV-C-induced DC infection was also significantly abrogated. Additionally, we found a higher maturation and co-stimulatory potential, aberrant type I interferon expression and signaling as well as a stronger induction of cellular immune responses in HIV-C-treated DCs. Collectively, our data highlight a novel protective mechanism mediated by complement opsonization of HIV to effectively promote DC immune functions, which might be in the future exploited to tackle HIV infection. We here give insight into a substantial novel way of dendritic cell modulation at least during acute HIV-1 infection by triggering integrin receptor signaling. We found that complement-opsonization of the virus is able to relieve SAMHD1 restriction in DCs, thereby initiating strong maturation and co-stimulatory capacity of the cells and stimulating efficient cellular and humoral antiviral immune responses. This newly described way of DC modulation by complement might be exploited to find novel therapeutic targets promoting DC immune functions against HIV.
Collapse
|
23
|
Martin-Gayo E, Buzon MJ, Ouyang Z, Hickman T, Cronin J, Pimenova D, Walker BD, Lichterfeld M, Yu XG. Potent Cell-Intrinsic Immune Responses in Dendritic Cells Facilitate HIV-1-Specific T Cell Immunity in HIV-1 Elite Controllers. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004930. [PMID: 26067651 PMCID: PMC4466270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of HIV-1 elite controllers (EC) restrict HIV-1 replication through highly functional HIV-1-specific T cell responses, but mechanisms supporting the evolution of effective HIV-1-specific T cell immunity in these patients remain undefined. Cytosolic immune recognition of HIV-1 in conventional dendritic cells (cDC) can facilitate priming and expansion of HIV-1-specific T cells; however, HIV-1 seems to be able to avoid intracellular immune recognition in cDCs in most infected individuals. Here, we show that exposure of cDCs from EC to HIV-1 leads to a rapid and sustained production of type I interferons and upregulation of several interferon-stimulated effector genes. Emergence of these cell-intrinsic immune responses was associated with a reduced induction of SAMHD1 and LEDGF/p75, and an accumulation of viral reverse transcripts, but inhibited by pharmacological blockade of viral reverse transcription or siRNA-mediated silencing of the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS. Importantly, improved cell-intrinsic immune recognition of HIV-1 in cDCs from elite controllers translated into stronger abilities to stimulate and expand HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell responses. These data suggest an important role of cell-intrinsic type I interferon secretion in dendritic cells for the induction of effective HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells, and may be helpful for eliciting functional T cell immunity against HIV-1 for preventative or therapeutic clinical purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Martin-Gayo
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Maria Jose Buzon
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zhengyu Ouyang
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Taylor Hickman
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Cronin
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dina Pimenova
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bruce D. Walker
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mathias Lichterfeld
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xu G. Yu
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hertoghs N, van der Aar AMG, Setiawan LC, Kootstra NA, Gringhuis SI, Geijtenbeek TBH. SAMHD1 degradation enhances active suppression of dendritic cell maturation by HIV-1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:4431-7. [PMID: 25825449 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark of HIV-1 infection is the lack of sterilizing immunity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in the induction of immunity, and lack of DC activation might underlie the absence of an effective anti-HIV-1 response. We have investigated how HIV-1 infection affects maturation of DCs. Our data show that even though DCs are productively infected by HIV-1, infection does not induce DC maturation. HIV-1 infection actively suppresses DC maturation, as HIV-1 infection inhibited TLR-induced maturation of DCs and thereby decreased the immune stimulatory capacity of DCs. Interfering with SAMHD1 restriction further increased infection of DCs, but did not lead to DC maturation. Notably, higher infection observed with SAMHD1 depletion correlated with a stronger suppression of maturation. Furthermore, blocking reverse transcription rescued TLR-induced maturation. These data strongly indicate that HIV-1 replication does not trigger immune activation in DCs, but that HIV-1 escapes immune surveillance by actively suppressing DC maturation independent of SAMHD1. Elucidation of the mechanism of suppression can lead to promising targets for therapy or vaccine design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hertoghs
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Angelic M G van der Aar
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Laurentia C Setiawan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Laboratory of Viral Immune Pathogenesis, Department of Experimental Immunology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Neeltje A Kootstra
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Laboratory of Viral Immune Pathogenesis, Department of Experimental Immunology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sonja I Gringhuis
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this study is to describe the alterations that HIV-1 induces in antigen-presenting cells (APCs), in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. RECENT FINDINGS HIV-1 disarms several arms of the immune system including APCs. We summarize here recent findings on the impact of the virus on APC. SUMMARY HIV-1 can invade APC and overall reduce their capacity to present antigens effectively, mostly by reducing their numbers and inducing permanent hyperactivation. This occurs via a combination of alterations; however, the host can counteract, at least in part, some of these defects via restriction factors, autophagy, the production of type I interferon, antiviral cytokines, among others. However, these specific mechanisms of viral evasion from APCs' control lead to a chronic hyperactivation of the immune system implicated in AIDS-related and non-AIDS related pathogenesis. Unfortunately, the current regimens of antiretroviral therapy are unable to dampen sufficiently APC-driven viral-induced immune hyperactivation. Understanding how HIV alters APC will help to tune appropriately both intrinsic immunity and innate immunity, as well as achieve efficient antigen presentation to the adaptive immune system, without inducing a detrimental pervasive hyperactivation of the immune system.
Collapse
|
26
|
The susceptibility of primate lentiviruses to nucleosides and Vpx during infection of dendritic cells is regulated by CA. J Virol 2015; 89:4030-4. [PMID: 25609804 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03315-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The block toward human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of dendritic cells (DCs) can be relieved by Vpx (viral protein X), which degrades sterile alpha motif-hydroxylase domain 1 (SAMHD1) or by exogenously added deoxynucleosides (dNs), lending support to the hypothesis that SAMHD1 acts by limiting deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs). This notion has, however, been questioned. We show that while dNs and Vpx increase the infectivity of HIV-1, only the latter restores the infectivity of a simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques variant, SIVMACΔVpx virus. This distinct behavior seems to map to CA, suggesting that species-specific CA interactors modulate infection of DCs.
Collapse
|
27
|
Acchioni C, Marsili G, Perrotti E, Remoli AL, Sgarbanti M, Battistini A. Type I IFN--a blunt spear in fighting HIV-1 infection. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 26:143-58. [PMID: 25466629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For more than 50 years, Type I Interferon (IFN) has been recognized as critical in controlling viral infections. IFN is produced downstream germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) upon engagement by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). As a result, hundreds of different interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are rapidly induced, acting in both autocrine and paracrine manner to build a barrier against viral replication and spread. ISGs encode proteins with direct antiviral and immunomodulatory activities affecting both innate and adaptive immune responses. During infection with viruses, as HIV-1, that can establish a persistent infection, IFN although produced, is not able to block the initial infection and a chronic IFN-mediated immune activation/inflammation becomes a pathogenic mechanism of disease progression. This review will briefly summarize when and how IFN is produced during HIV-1 infection and the way this innate immune response is manipulated by the virus to its own advantage to drive chronic immune activation and progression to AIDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Acchioni
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Giulia Marsili
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Edvige Perrotti
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Remoli
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Marco Sgarbanti
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Angela Battistini
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Rome 00161, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jin C, Peng X, Liu F, Cheng L, Lu X, Yao H, Wu H, Wu N. MicroRNA-181 expression regulates specific post-transcriptional level of SAMHD1 expression in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:760-7. [PMID: 25201733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SAM domain and HD domain 1 (SAMHD1) is a newly discovered human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 host restriction factor with high expression in HIV-1-non-permissive cells and low expression in HIV-1-permissive cells. The regulatory mechanism of SAMHD1 expression is still unclear. We examined the relationship between the expression levels of SAMHD1 mRNA and protein and microRNA-181 (miR-181) level in different cell lines. MiR-181 level was negatively correlated with SAMHD1 expression level. By examining the impact of miR-181 on SAMHD1 3' untranslated region (UTR) reporter luciferase activity and on SAMHD1 mRNA and argonaute RISC catalytic component 2 (AGO2) binding, we found that miR-181 acted directly on the SAMHD1 3' UTR and regulated SAMHD1 mRNA levels after transcription. MiR-181 over-expression significantly reduced the level of SAMHD1 expression in THP-1 cells; miR-181 inhibition up-regulated SAMHD1 expression in THP-1 and Jurkat cells. Our results suggest that miR-181 regulates the level of post-transcriptional SAMHD1 expression negatively by directly binding to the 3' UTR in SAMHD1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changzhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaorong Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Fumin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Linfang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiangyun Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hangping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Haibo Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Nanping Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 prevents HIV-1 transmission from plasmacytoid dendritic cells to CD4 T lymphocytes. J Virol 2014; 88:10975-81. [PMID: 24965460 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01748-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) poorly replicate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) but efficiently transfer HIV-1 to adjacent CD4 T lymphocytes. We found that coculture with T lymphocytes downregulates SAMHD1 expression, enhances HIV-1 replication, and increases pDC maturation and alpha interferon (IFN-α) secretion. HIV-1 transfer to T lymphocytes is inhibited by broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 with efficiency similar to that of cell-free infection of T lymphocytes. Interestingly, prevention of HIV-1 transmission by VRC01 retains IFN-α secretion. These results emphasize the multiple functions of VRC01 in protection against HIV-1 acquisition.
Collapse
|
30
|
Su B, Moog C. Which Antibody Functions are Important for an HIV Vaccine? Front Immunol 2014; 5:289. [PMID: 24995008 PMCID: PMC4062070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV antibody (Ab) functions capable of preventing mucosal cell-free or cell-to-cell HIV transmission are critical for the development of effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. In addition to CD4(+) T cells, other potential HIV-target cell types including antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (dendritic cells, macrophages) residing at mucosal sites are infected. Moreover, the interactions between APCs and HIV lead to HIV cell-to-cell transmission. Recently discovered broadly neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are able to neutralize a broad spectrum of HIV strains, inhibit cell-to-cell transfer, and efficiently protect from infection in the experimentally challenged macaque model. However, the 31% protection observed in the RV144 vaccine trial in the absence of detectable NAbs in blood samples pointed to the possible role of additional Ab inhibitory functions. Increasing evidence suggests that IgG Fcγ receptor (FcγR)-mediated inhibition of Abs present at the mucosal site may play a role in protection against HIV mucosal transmission. Moreover, mucosal IgA Abs may be determinant in protection against HIV sexual transmission. Therefore, defining Ab inhibitory functions that could lead to protection is critical for further HIV vaccine design. Here, we review different inhibitory properties of HIV-specific Abs and discuss their potential role in protection against HIV sexual transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Su
- INSERM U1109, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Christiane Moog
- INSERM U1109, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| |
Collapse
|